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Publicly funded art institutions in Sweden are tasked with the mission of making contemporary art available and accessible to the citizens. This thesis investigates three cases of publicly funded art institutions in Sweden, namely Göteborgs Konsthall, Malmö Konsthall and Liljevalchs Konsthall. The study examines the exhibitions presented by the institutions during the fall of 2023 and how they are curated to be inclusive or exclusive towards visitor groups. By using a model of curatorial values in conjunction with a constructed model of the exhibition as social space, inspired by Henri Lefebvre’s concept “social space”, this research will reveal different strategies used by the institutions for mediating curatorial intentions through the exhibitions. Empirically the thesis is based on observations of three exhibitions and their visitors and interviews with exhibition hosts. The material is used to examine how the institutions work towards different audiences and how curatorial decisions influence visitor behaviour within the selected institutions. The results show that the three cases differ in curatorial decisions and values. Further, the social space model used indicates that institutions differ in how they award agency to visitors. The analysis shows that visitors, by acting in unpredictable ways, contribute to the social space of exhibitions in ways not intended by the curator. In conclusion, this study shows that the mission of the municipality-driven art institution is multifaceted and holds challenges when attempting to engage a broad audience while displaying exhibitions of high artistic integrity. The curatorial choices reflect in the audience and these choices therefore determine who will partake in the exhibition. The curator therefore plays a crucial role in how the exhibitions work with inclusivity.

Publicly funded art institutions in Sweden are tasked with the mission of making contemporary art available and accessible to the citizens. This thesis investigates three cases of publicly funded art institutions in Sweden, namely Göteborgs Konsthall, Malmö Konsthall and Liljevalchs Konsthall. The study examines the exhibitions presented by the institutions during the fall of 2023 and how they are curated to be inclusive or exclusive towards visitor groups. By using a model of curatorial values in conjunction with a constructed model of the exhibition as social space, inspired by Henri Lefebvre’s concept “social space”, this research will reveal different strategies used by the institutions for mediating curatorial intentions through the exhibitions. Empirically the thesis is based on observations of three exhibitions and their visitors and interviews with exhibition hosts. The material is used to examine how the institutions work towards different audiences and how curatorial decisions influence visitor behaviour within the selected institutions. The results show that the three cases differ in curatorial decisions and values. Further, the social space model used indicates that institutions differ in how they award agency to visitors. The analysis shows that visitors, by acting in unpredictable ways, contribute to the social space of exhibitions in ways not intended by the curator. In conclusion, this study shows that the mission of the municipality-driven art institution is multifaceted and holds challenges when attempting to engage a broad audience while displaying exhibitions of high artistic integrity. The curatorial choices reflect in the audience and these choices therefore determine who will partake in the exhibition. The curator therefore plays a crucial role in how the exhibitions work with inclusivity.

This paper investigates how interrelated processes of bordering – i.e. delimitation, interface and affirmation – work out in domains of Nigerian migrants’ daily life in Guangzhou. The results reveal that migrants make use of marketplaces as interface platforms for economic exchange and cooperation with Chinese entrepreneurs, yet within a highly delimited playing field and with affirmation of cultural differences. They find residence in the city, with opportunities delimited by state and city laws. In neighborhoods, they find their stigmatization affirmed and lack inter-ethnic interface. Migrants also create underground churches, yet delimited into remaining invisible in the urban landscape. In churches, migrants affirm their identity and community but have limited inter-ethnic interface. The paper pinpoints fierce segregative and exclusionary outcomes for Nigerian migrants but they also persevere and gain agency in becoming a successful entrepreneur through instrumental inter-ethnic contact. Moreover, through non-instrumental intra-ethnic contact, they negotiate a sense of belonging in the city.

My thesis aims to analyse social spaces subject to political control and their resultant transformation through online activism through my practice as a research investigation of the 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey. Inspired by my case study, the Gezi Park protests, this thesis explores how people and social spaces - physical and virtual – could be politically transformed. Beginning with Henri Lefebvre’s concepts of space and the production of social spaces, I analyse theories on activist performance as part of a methodology in which I combine online participant observation and critical analysis with an autoethnographic account, writing as a Turkish citizen living abroad and participating in the protests from a distance. The thesis reflects the effect in Turkey on the social memory that results from collective exposure to new adaptations of social spaces by the ruling party, AKP. I argue that AKP attempts to transform and influence Turkey into becoming a more conservative society. As part of my autoethnographic practice, I ask whether mobile devices, the internet, and social media can create a collective mindset strong enough to challenge and resist the co-opting of social spaces attempted by the political authorities.

A large scale demolition project, funded by the state, is currently taking place in Bräcke, Jämtland. Due to depopulation and the closure of large industries, the municipality is in a state of economic distress and buildings are demolished in order to lower the municipality's operating costs. Focusing on the three most central buildings being demolished, the project investigates how a community is affected when central buildings are demolished and what social values risk being lost. Convinced that buildings are socially imbued, we have through drawing, model and film explored ways to convey the social aspects of space. Rather than doing a proposal for reuse or a new building, we have through qualitative interdisciplinary methods created an inventory of the buildings' social values and a mapping of how these relate to the social on different levels, ranging from Bräckes societal development to peoples' memories and relations to the buildings. Rather than offering solutions, the project evoke new questions regarding the ontology of buildings, the future of rural Sweden and what place there is today for towns no longer generating profit.

This thesis is about the scalar paradoxes of islands as seen through the cultural movement of a small island nation in the nineteenth century. As the divide between Celticism and Teutonism grew in Britain, the cultural movement of the Isle of Man created a hybrid heritage of both. Antiquarians, archaeologists, and cultural activists that were settled in the island organised themselves for the preservation and eventually revitalisation of a Manx past, in communication with scholars in the British Isles and the North. By investigating three major societies from this movement; the Manx Society (1858), the Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society (1879) and the Manx Language Society (1899); this thesis follows the development of a national exceptionalism through their selective identification with Nordic, Celtic, and British spaces, caught in between a Western large state ideal of progress and its antithesis: the imaginative geography of an isolated island. Lefebvrian theory shows that their navigation in a past of Celtic settlers and Viking invaders led to a multifunctional transnational history that could be transferred and repurposed for opposing social spaces. It is argued that this transnationalism functioned as cultural shelter, in accordance with how political and economic shelter from larger states has proven successful for small island nations. It shows that if Manx history was to be regarded as a legitimate and valuable addition to the history of nations in the late nineteenth century, it required manifold connections abroad that could be translated to different transnational agendas. And while this type of (trans-) national exceptionalism was adapted to their situation as a small island nation, its inherent co-dependency on transnational connections was only enforcing an inferiority complex within existing hierarchies in Northern European history.

Lärosätesbiblioteken befinner sig i en förändring gällande sin roll som rum för lärande. De har gått från att vara en samling böcker till att inbegripa tjänster för lärande, samt vara ett stöd för exempelvis studenter och forskare. Utvecklingen drivs delvis av digitaliseringen, men det råder viss oenighet om hur lärosätesbibliotek utformas och hur de används. Studiens syfte är att undersöka lärosätesbibliotekens roll som rum för lärande. Som metod användes en kvalitativ fallstudie med en deduktiv ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med tre lärarstudenter på Södertörns högskola respektive fyra bibliotekarier och två enhetschefer på Södertörns högskolebibliotek. Utöver intervjuerna användes en mötesobservation där bibliotekarier och chefer på Södertörns högskolebibliotek deltog, gällande en planerad ombyggnad av bibliotekets entréplan. Studiens teoretiska ramverk grundar sig i Elmborgs definition av det tredje rummet och Lefebvres konceptuella triad. Utifrån det tredje rummet har analysen hjälpt till att synliggöra de olika kulturer som finns i lärosätesbibliotek och de makthierarkier som existerar. Den konceptuella triaden har använts i analysen för att lyfta fram hur studenter använder lärosätesbiblioteket i relation till bibliotekariers och enhetschefers tänkta användning. Resultatet visar tre utmärkande teman: Lärosätesbibliotekets stöd för studier, Lärosätesbibliotekets atmosfär som en del av studenternas lärande och Studenternas användning av lärosätesbiblioteket. Studiens slutsats visar att den fysiska användningen av lärosätesbiblioteket är påtaglig och att det är ett ändamålsenligt rum för studier. En observerad utmaning är hur lärosätesbibliotek ska arbeta med det digitala biblioteket för att möta studenternas behov och önskemål. Studien visar dessutom att det finns en tydlig växelverkan mellan rummets utformning och användning, där ett ömsesidigt utbyte sker., Academic libraries are undergoing a change in their role as spaces for learning. They have gone from being a collection of books to including services for learning, as well as support for example students and researchers. The development is partly driven by digitization, but there is some disagreement about how academic libraries are designed and how they are used. The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of academic libraries as spaces for learning. As a method, a qualitative case study with a deductive approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three student teachers at Södertörn University and four librarians and two unit managers at Södertörn University Library. In addition to the interviews, a meeting observation with librarians and managers at Södertörn University Library was used, regarding a planned remodeling of the library's entrance floor. The study's theoretical framework is based on Elmborg's definition of the third space and Lefebvre's conceptual triad. Based on the third space, the analysis has helped to make visible the different cultures that exist in university libraries and the power hierarchies that exist. The conceptual triad has been used in the analysis to highlight how students use the university library in relation to librarians' and unit managers' intended use. The result shows three distinctive themes: The academic library´s study support for studies, The academic library´s atmosphere as a part of students learning and Students use of the academic library. The study's conclusion shows that the physical use of the academic library is tangible and that it is an appropriate room for studies. An observed challenge is how academic libraries should work with the digital library to meet students' needs and wishes. The study also shows that there is a clear interaction between the room's design and use, where a mutual exchange takes place.

A large scale demolition project, funded by the state, is currently taking place in Bräcke, Jämtland. Due to depopulation and the closure of large industries, the municipality is in a state of economic distress and buildings are demolished in order to lower the municipality's operating costs. Focusing on the three most central buildings being demolished, the project investigates how a community is affected when central buildings are demolished and what social values risk being lost. Convinced that buildings are socially imbued, we have through drawing, model and film explored ways to convey the social aspects of space. Rather than doing a proposal for reuse or a new building, we have through qualitative interdisciplinary methods created an inventory of the buildings' social values and a mapping of how these relate to the social on different levels, ranging from Bräckes societal development to peoples' memories and relations to the buildings. Rather than offering solutions, the project evoke new questions regarding the ontology of buildings, the future of rural Sweden and what place there is today for towns no longer generating profit.

This study aims to identify how recent Russian migrant families navigate the European social space and conceptualize their newly acquired social position. It investigates the educational strategies and social integration of recent Russian middle-class migrant families within the European Union. Utilizing Bourdieu’s theoretical framework of social space and capital, the research explores how these families navigate their new social environments and conceptualize their social positions post-migration. For this qualitative analysis, data collection was conducted using semi-structured in-depth interviews as the primary research technique. The data was then thoroughly processed and analyzed using the tools proposed by Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory. The findings reveal that these families were among the select few in the high-income strata in Russia and now experience downward mobility upon relocating to the social space of European countries. Though this group of migrants cannot be fully conceptualized as the Global Middle Class's representatives, their actions align with the aspiration to sustain and elevate their social position. Their incomes may remain constant or even increase, yet they transition from select groups to the European middle class. Although this appears to be downward mobility, it is a strategic move to reinforce the family’s social standing within the global social space.

This thesis is about the scalar paradoxes of islands as seen through the cultural movement of a small island nation in the nineteenth century. As the divide between Celticism and Teutonism grew in Britain, the cultural movement of the Isle of Man created a hybrid heritage of both. Antiquarians, archaeologists, and cultural activists that were settled in the island organised themselves for the preservation and eventually revitalisation of a Manx past, in communication with scholars in the British Isles and the North. By investigating three major societies from this movement; the Manx Society (1858), the Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society (1879) and the Manx Language Society (1899); this thesis follows the development of a national exceptionalism through their selective identification with Nordic, Celtic, and British spaces, caught in between a Western large state ideal of progress and its antithesis: the imaginative geography of an isolated island. Lefebvrian theory shows that their navigation in a past of Celtic settlers and Viking invaders led to a multifunctional transnational history that could be transferred and repurposed for opposing social spaces. It is argued that this transnationalism functioned as cultural shelter, in accordance with how political and economic shelter from larger states has proven successful for small island nations. It shows that if Manx history was to be regarded as a legitimate and valuable addition to the history of nations in the late nineteenth century, it required manifold connections abroad that could be translated to different transnational agendas. And while this type of (trans-) national exceptionalism was adapted to their situation as a small island nation, its inherent co-dependency on transnational connections was only enforcing an inferiority complex within existing hierarchies in Northern European history.

This article explores translanguaging practices and the different communicative functions achieved through these practices in two residential elderly care facilities in Sweden. Translanguaging here is used as an overarching term for multilingual practices that encompass translation practices, code-switching across linguistic and cultural boundaries, and embodied modes of communication. The data consist of video- and audio-recordings of interactions in two care encounters involving two migrant-background residents, two care workers and a physiotherapist. The analysis focuses on the communicative practices enacted by the care workers who go between and beyond different languages in order to create social spaces where they can accomplish care tasks and manage relational work. These findings highlight the transformative potential of translanguaging to create new configurations of communicative practices, here understood as a change in the care workers’ flexibility to mobilize a broad repertoire of linguistic resources that involves functionally integrated use of different languages and modalities (speech and gestures). At the same time, the functional use of translanguaging practices is contingent on the availability of a translator, and on the linguistic and cultural sensitivity of the care workers

Sozialraumorientierung und Kontextsensibilität sind zentrale Themen in der Diskussion um die Zukunft der Kirche. In den Diskussionen hierüber wird gern auf die Vorzüge von Fresh X verwiesen, die als neue Aufbrüche genau dies versprechen. Die Studie vergleicht die Sozialraumorientierung von Fresh X und Parochialgemeinden der evangelischen Kirche anhand ihrer Kontakte, ihrer Zielgruppenarbeit, ihrer inhaltlichen Schwerpunktsetzungen und stellt diese in einen Zusammenhang mit der Zufriedenheit, die die Gemeinden mit ihrer aktuellen Situation empfinden. Basis der Analyse sind die Daten des 2. Gemeindebarometers, einer Umfrage unter Fresh X sowie einer repräsentativen Stichprobe landeskirchlicher evangelischer Gemeinden., Social sphere orientation and context sensitivity are central themes in the discussion about the future of the Church. In this debate, reference is often made to the advantages of Fresh X, which promises a new approach to the Church's community relations involving exactly these two features. This study compares the social sphere orientation of Fresh X and parishes of the Protestant Church based on their contacts, their target groups and their main content orientation. These are related to communities' satisfaction with their current situation. The analysis is based on data from the 2nd congregations barometer, a survey of Fresh X and a representative sample of Protestant parishes.

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine opportunities and obstacles to develop teaching in Swedish as a second language on equal ground. This is done by ethnographically exploring a group of students’ and their teachers’ lived experiences of language and teaching practices in a school and society in northern Sweden’s peripheralized interior. In the different chapters focus is on how Swedish and other named languages are socially constructed in relation to the students, and how this process affects (and is affected by) their conditions to produce lived multilingual spaces (cf. Lefebvre 1991) and to take place as legitimate speakers (Bourdieu 1991b) of Swedish. By directing attention towards “the white listening subjects” (Flores 2021; Flores and Rosa 2015) that repeatedly assess the participants as inadequate language learners and illegitimate language users, neoliberal views of linguistic competence as first and foremost an individual skill are challenged (Del Percio and Flubacher 2017). In contrast to the monotonous and dominated spaces (Lefebvre 1991:164) where Swedish is used, it is also shown how the students produce more permissive spaces, where they learn languages such as Hindi, Moldavian and Turkish, from each other as well as from interaction with popular culture and digital medias. It is argued that the heterogenous language practices characterizing these appropriated, polyrhythmical spaces (Lefebvre 2004:105) or heterotopias (Foucault 2008a), have the potential to shed light on how a language pedagogy on equal grounds could be developed. In the concluding chapter, the author discusses how we can imagine ways of teaching Swedish as a second language that, instead of being built upon monolingualism and nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019), tries to realize multilingualism and social justice. By drawing upon Rancière’s (1991) radical notion of equality – where equality is seen as a starting point rather than a distant goal – it is not only suggested that, Sid 9 utbytt pga tryckfel.

In recent years, the existence of youth centers in Stockholm has been disputed and voices have been raised for their dissolvement. This highlights the question the relevance of youth centers today, and why they were introduced in the first place. Earlier statements have linked the establishment of youth centers due to demographic development during the 1950s. However, previous research has identified the Swedish government’s ambition to assert control over youth through discipline and restrictions in schools and other organizations. Yet, the topic of the city-funded youth centers tends to have been overlooked. Therefore, this thesis aims to study city-funded youth centers in Stockholm during 1947–1962. Moreover, socio-spatial theory has been used to analyze the youth centers as producers of social space. Additionally, the emphasis is on representing space and spatial practices as driving forces in developing a space designed for young people. The thesis concludes that the youth centers aimed to limit the movement of suburban youth into the city center of Stockholm. Furthermore, they acted as an educational tool to secure the future of democratic citizenship.

Residential areas with low socioeconomic status, where criminals have an impact create a range of different risk factors for those who live in the area, especially for children and young people. For example, norm-breaking behavior is created that can influence young people to be socialized into crime. Juvenile delinquency is a problem because the young people risk ending up outside society and not feeling included. Something that has consequences such as reduced life chances. The purpose of this systematic literature study is to understand and explain how juvenile delinquency is affected by socioeconomic residential segregation. Empiricism consists of previous research in the subject and the results are analyzed based on the chosen theory: the social space, habitus, "us and them" and stigmatization. The results show that socioeconomic residential segregation affects the environment, neighbours, school and upbringing of young people. This has consequences because young people's morals, norms and expectations can affect their cognitive skills regarding the perception of other people and themselves. This leads to limited room for action and the young people's self-control becomes crucial whether or not they choose to commit crime., Bostadsområden med låg socioekonomisk status där kriminella har en inverkan skapar en rad med olika riskfaktorer för de som lever i området, speciellt för barn och unga. Det skapas exempelvis normbrytande beteenden som kan påverka unga personer att socialiseras in i kriminaliteten. Ungdomsbrottslighet är ett problem eftersom ungdomarna riskerar att hamna utanför samhället och att inte känna sig inkluderade. Något som får konsekvenser av försämrade livschanser. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie är att förstå och förklara hur ungdomsbrottslighet påverkas av socioekonomisk boendesegregation. Empirin består av tidigare forskning inom ämnet och resultatet analyseras utifrån de valda begreppen: det sociala rummet, habitus, ”vi och dem” och stigmatisering. Resultatet visar att socioekonomisk boendesegregation påverkar platsen, grannar, skolan och uppväxten för ungdomarna. Detta får konsekvenser av att ungdomars moral, normer och förväntningar kan påverka deras kunskapsmässiga färdigheter gällande uppfattningen om andra människor och sig själv. Detta leder i sin tur till ett begränsat handlingsutrymme och ungdomarnas självkontroll blir avgörande om de väljer eller inte väljer att begå brott.

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine opportunities and obstacles to develop teaching in Swedish as a second language on equal ground. This is done by ethnographically exploring a group of students’ and their teachers’ lived experiences of language and teaching practices in a school and society in northern Sweden’s peripheralized interior. In the different chapters focus is on how Swedish and other named languages are socially constructed in relation to the students, and how this process affects (and is affected by) their conditions to produce lived multilingual spaces (cf. Lefebvre 1991) and to take place as legitimate speakers (Bourdieu 1991b) of Swedish. By directing attention towards “the white listening subjects” (Flores 2021; Flores and Rosa 2015) that repeatedly assess the participants as inadequate language learners and illegitimate language users, neoliberal views of linguistic competence as first and foremost an individual skill are challenged (Del Percio and Flubacher 2017). In contrast to the monotonous and dominated spaces (Lefebvre 1991:164) where Swedish is used, it is also shown how the students produce more permissive spaces, where they learn languages such as Hindi, Moldavian and Turkish, from each other as well as from interaction with popular culture and digital medias. It is argued that the heterogenous language practices characterizing these appropriated, polyrhythmical spaces (Lefebvre 2004:105) or heterotopias (Foucault 2008a), have the potential to shed light on how a language pedagogy on equal grounds could be developed. In the concluding chapter, the author discusses how we can imagine ways of teaching Swedish as a second language that, instead of being built upon monolingualism and nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019), tries to realize multilingualism and social justice. By drawing upon Rancière’s (1991) radical notion of equality – where equality is seen as a starting point rather than a distant goal – it is not only suggested that, Sid 9 utbytt pga tryckfel.

Everyone deserves a home that promotes well-being and reduces stress. Mental illness among students has tripled in the 21st century and statistics show higher numbers than ever. The problems can often be linked to socioeconomic factors and for many young people, it applies to education. The design of our cities has a great impact on how we feel and how we choose to live our lives and through awareness and knowledge of health-promoting factors, the architect can design more stress-reducing and functional environments. We need to create a pleasant environment for students to live in using architectural strategies that counteract stress. Building enjoyable apartments incorporating architectural means to reduce stress can help students in their everyday life. Having both private spaces and different scales of public areas creates opportunities to choose where they want to spend their time depending on how much interaction with other people they want. The way we design and manage spaces around apartments, outdoor as well as indoor, can support both the development of interaction between humans and solitary activities. According to studies, offering both active and passive social participation creates security and belonging. Each person takes control over their own presence in social interactions which decreases the risk of social isolation.

In recent years, the existence of youth centers in Stockholm has been disputed and voices have been raised for their dissolvement. This highlights the question the relevance of youth centers today, and why they were introduced in the first place. Earlier statements have linked the establishment of youth centers due to demographic development during the 1950s. However, previous research has identified the Swedish government’s ambition to assert control over youth through discipline and restrictions in schools and other organizations. Yet, the topic of the city-funded youth centers tends to have been overlooked. Therefore, this thesis aims to study city-funded youth centers in Stockholm during 1947–1962. Moreover, socio-spatial theory has been used to analyze the youth centers as producers of social space. Additionally, the emphasis is on representing space and spatial practices as driving forces in developing a space designed for young people. The thesis concludes that the youth centers aimed to limit the movement of suburban youth into the city center of Stockholm. Furthermore, they acted as an educational tool to secure the future of democratic citizenship.

Many historical and culturally significant sites and structures are deemed worthy of preservation by the Danish government and are thus protected, which leaves them frozen in time. The potential of these sites is often overlooked as they cannot be altered or renewed due to regulations, making them not only difficult to curate for the museum, but also a one-note experience for their visitors. One such site is the church ruins of Sankt Laurentius in Roskilde, which proves especially challenging through the aforementioned aspects of protected sites, as well as its enclosed underground exhibition space, where original artifacts cannot be displayed due to potential damage caused by humidity and temperature. This begs the question of how Sankt Laurentius and other sites worthy of preservation can enter the current cultural field, and how they become valuable in the present day. The aim of this thesis is to examine the challenges that Sankt Laurentius exemplify in curating protected sites, as well as to discuss what constitutes the museum space on an abstract and concrete level. This is achieved through an analysis of Sankt Laurentius through the lens of Henri Lefebvre and Michel Foucault’s theories on the production of space, as well as Edward Soja’s concept of thirdspace. Next, Lev Manovich’s concepts of new media and augmented space are introduced, as well as the benefits of implementing these in the curatorial practice of protected sites, as a means of renewing the exhibition without compromising the preserved space it inhabits. Lastly, it is argued how reformed museum practices surrounding the digital expansion of space can create rich and interesting historical and cultural experiences at protected sites, making them not only significant, but relevant and worthy of continued attention.

Many historical and culturally significant sites and structures are deemed worthy of preservation by the Danish government and are thus protected, which leaves them frozen in time. The potential of these sites is often overlooked as they cannot be altered or renewed due to regulations, making them not only difficult to curate for the museum, but also a one-note experience for their visitors. One such site is the church ruins of Sankt Laurentius in Roskilde, which proves especially challenging through the aforementioned aspects of protected sites, as well as its enclosed underground exhibition space, where original artifacts cannot be displayed due to potential damage caused by humidity and temperature. This begs the question of how Sankt Laurentius and other sites worthy of preservation can enter the current cultural field, and how they become valuable in the present day. The aim of this thesis is to examine the challenges that Sankt Laurentius exemplify in curating protected sites, as well as to discuss what constitutes the museum space on an abstract and concrete level. This is achieved through an analysis of Sankt Laurentius through the lens of Henri Lefebvre and Michel Foucault’s theories on the production of space, as well as Edward Soja’s concept of thirdspace. Next, Lev Manovich’s concepts of new media and augmented space are introduced, as well as the benefits of implementing these in the curatorial practice of protected sites, as a means of renewing the exhibition without compromising the preserved space it inhabits. Lastly, it is argued how reformed museum practices surrounding the digital expansion of space can create rich and interesting historical and cultural experiences at protected sites, making them not only significant, but relevant and worthy of continued attention.

Everyone deserves a home that promotes well-being and reduces stress. Mental illness among students has tripled in the 21st century and statistics show higher numbers than ever. The problems can often be linked to socioeconomic factors and for many young people, it applies to education. The design of our cities has a great impact on how we feel and how we choose to live our lives and through awareness and knowledge of health-promoting factors, the architect can design more stress-reducing and functional environments. We need to create a pleasant environment for students to live in using architectural strategies that counteract stress. Building enjoyable apartments incorporating architectural means to reduce stress can help students in their everyday life. Having both private spaces and different scales of public areas creates opportunities to choose where they want to spend their time depending on how much interaction with other people they want. The way we design and manage spaces around apartments, outdoor as well as indoor, can support both the development of interaction between humans and solitary activities. According to studies, offering both active and passive social participation creates security and belonging. Each person takes control over their own presence in social interactions which decreases the risk of social isolation.

Dzisiejszy poziom cyrkulacji ludzi i kapitału sprawia, że pewne, z pozoru ulotnes połeczności i przestrzenie wytwarzane są w oparciu o wspólne wartości i preferowany styl życia. Problematyka niepewności oraz krótkotrwałości silnie i gruntownie łączy się z fenomenem turystyki. Jedną z podstawowych potrzeb podróżujących jest poszukiwanie i doświadczenie autentyczności w odwiedzanym miejscu (Urry, 2007). Nowy wymiar realizacji tej potrzeby obserwujemy przy okazji projektów, które „uturystyczniają” podstawowe aktywności, takie jak np. praca. Praca zawodowa, podobnie jak sezonowe work campy czy też wolontariat, ma być bowiem wykonywana w atrakcyjnym miejscu, w myśl idei, by łączyć przyjemne z pożytecznym. Nie da się zatem ukryć, że kwestie te silnie łączą się z aktualnymitrendami globalizacji, postawami sharingowymi i silną potrzebą identyfikacji z określonymi grupami społecznymi. Celem tego ukierunkowanego teoretycznie referatu jest zatem przedstawienie przestrzeni wytwarzanych przez tymczasowe społeczności, w kontekście tego jak wspólnie odpowiadają na bieżące potrzeby człowieka i turysty.

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine opportunities and obstacles to develop teaching in Swedish as a second language on equal ground. This is done by ethnographically exploring a group of students’ and their teachers’ lived experiences of language and teaching practices in a school and society in northern Sweden’s peripheralized interior. In the different chapters focus is on how Swedish and other named languages are socially constructed in relation to the students, and how this process affects (and is affected by) their conditions to produce lived multilingual spaces (cf. Lefebvre 1991) and to take place as legitimate speakers (Bourdieu 1991b) of Swedish. By directing attention towards “the white listening subjects” (Flores 2021; Flores and Rosa 2015) that repeatedly assess the participants as inadequate language learners and illegitimate language users, neoliberal views of linguistic competence as first and foremost an individual skill are challenged (Del Percio and Flubacher 2017). In contrast to the monotonous and dominated spaces (Lefebvre 1991:164) where Swedish is used, it is also shown how the students produce more permissive spaces, where they learn languages such as Hindi, Moldavian and Turkish, from each other as well as from interaction with popular culture and digital medias. It is argued that the heterogenous language practices characterizing these appropriated, polyrhythmical spaces (Lefebvre 2004:105) or heterotopias (Foucault 2008a), have the potential to shed light on how a language pedagogy on equal grounds could be developed. In the concluding chapter, the author discusses how we can imagine ways of teaching Swedish as a second language that, instead of being built upon monolingualism and nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019), tries to realize multilingualism and social justice. By drawing upon Rancière’s (1991) radical notion of equality – where equality is seen as a starting point rather than a distant goal – it is not only suggested that, Sid 9 utbytt pga tryckfel.

Residential areas with low socioeconomic status, where criminals have an impact create a range of different risk factors for those who live in the area, especially for children and young people. For example, norm-breaking behavior is created that can influence young people to be socialized into crime. Juvenile delinquency is a problem because the young people risk ending up outside society and not feeling included. Something that has consequences such as reduced life chances. The purpose of this systematic literature study is to understand and explain how juvenile delinquency is affected by socioeconomic residential segregation. Empiricism consists of previous research in the subject and the results are analyzed based on the chosen theory: the social space, habitus, "us and them" and stigmatization. The results show that socioeconomic residential segregation affects the environment, neighbours, school and upbringing of young people. This has consequences because young people's morals, norms and expectations can affect their cognitive skills regarding the perception of other people and themselves. This leads to limited room for action and the young people's self-control becomes crucial whether or not they choose to commit crime., Bostadsområden med låg socioekonomisk status där kriminella har en inverkan skapar en rad med olika riskfaktorer för de som lever i området, speciellt för barn och unga. Det skapas exempelvis normbrytande beteenden som kan påverka unga personer att socialiseras in i kriminaliteten. Ungdomsbrottslighet är ett problem eftersom ungdomarna riskerar att hamna utanför samhället och att inte känna sig inkluderade. Något som får konsekvenser av försämrade livschanser. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie är att förstå och förklara hur ungdomsbrottslighet påverkas av socioekonomisk boendesegregation. Empirin består av tidigare forskning inom ämnet och resultatet analyseras utifrån de valda begreppen: det sociala rummet, habitus, ”vi och dem” och stigmatisering. Resultatet visar att socioekonomisk boendesegregation påverkar platsen, grannar, skolan och uppväxten för ungdomarna. Detta får konsekvenser av att ungdomars moral, normer och förväntningar kan påverka deras kunskapsmässiga färdigheter gällande uppfattningen om andra människor och sig själv. Detta leder i sin tur till ett begränsat handlingsutrymme och ungdomarnas självkontroll blir avgörande om de väljer eller inte väljer att begå brott.

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine opportunities and obstacles to develop teaching in Swedish as a second language on equal ground. This is done by ethnographically exploring a group of students’ and their teachers’ lived experiences of language and teaching practices in a school and society in northern Sweden’s peripheralized interior. In the different chapters focus is on how Swedish and other named languages are socially constructed in relation to the students, and how this process affects (and is affected by) their conditions to produce lived multilingual spaces (cf. Lefebvre 1991) and to take place as legitimate speakers (Bourdieu 1991b) of Swedish. By directing attention towards “the white listening subjects” (Flores 2021; Flores and Rosa 2015) that repeatedly assess the participants as inadequate language learners and illegitimate language users, neoliberal views of linguistic competence as first and foremost an individual skill are challenged (Del Percio and Flubacher 2017). In contrast to the monotonous and dominated spaces (Lefebvre 1991:164) where Swedish is used, it is also shown how the students produce more permissive spaces, where they learn languages such as Hindi, Moldavian and Turkish, from each other as well as from interaction with popular culture and digital medias. It is argued that the heterogenous language practices characterizing these appropriated, polyrhythmical spaces (Lefebvre 2004:105) or heterotopias (Foucault 2008a), have the potential to shed light on how a language pedagogy on equal grounds could be developed. In the concluding chapter, the author discusses how we can imagine ways of teaching Swedish as a second language that, instead of being built upon monolingualism and nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019), tries to realize multilingualism and social justice. By drawing upon Rancière’s (1991) radical notion of equality – where equality is seen as a starting point rather than a distant goal – it is not only suggested that, Sid 9 utbytt pga tryckfel.

The aim of this thesis is to critically examine opportunities and obstacles to develop teaching in Swedish as a second language on equal ground. This is done by ethnographically exploring a group of students’ and their teachers’ lived experiences of language and teaching practices in a school and society in northern Sweden’s peripheralized interior. In the different chapters focus is on how Swedish and other named languages are socially constructed in relation to the students, and how this process affects (and is affected by) their conditions to produce lived multilingual spaces (cf. Lefebvre 1991) and to take place as legitimate speakers (Bourdieu 1991b) of Swedish. By directing attention towards “the white listening subjects” (Flores 2021; Flores and Rosa 2015) that repeatedly assess the participants as inadequate language learners and illegitimate language users, neoliberal views of linguistic competence as first and foremost an individual skill are challenged (Del Percio and Flubacher 2017). In contrast to the monotonous and dominated spaces (Lefebvre 1991:164) where Swedish is used, it is also shown how the students produce more permissive spaces, where they learn languages such as Hindi, Moldavian and Turkish, from each other as well as from interaction with popular culture and digital medias. It is argued that the heterogenous language practices characterizing these appropriated, polyrhythmical spaces (Lefebvre 2004:105) or heterotopias (Foucault 2008a), have the potential to shed light on how a language pedagogy on equal grounds could be developed. In the concluding chapter, the author discusses how we can imagine ways of teaching Swedish as a second language that, instead of being built upon monolingualism and nativespeakerism (Ortega 2019), tries to realize multilingualism and social justice. By drawing upon Rancière’s (1991) radical notion of equality – where equality is seen as a starting point rather than a distant goal – it is not only suggested that, Sid 9 utbytt pga tryckfel.

The aim of this study is to characterize the material, aesthetic and symbolic differences that are present in different sectors of Punta Mogote, one of the main shopping areas in the trade fair complex ‘La Salada,’ located in the city of Lomas de Zamora, in Buenos Aires. Considering the area of the venue as the expression of a field, in terms of Bourdieu, and based on the analysis of elements such as the quality of lighting and flooring in the different sectors of the venue, the display of the shops, the rental costs and the quality of the clothing items on display, the following questions will be addressed: How are hierarchies expressed in Punta Mogote venue? What are the criteria that define the most privileged positions? Which strategies do stallholders develop to attain certain positions or to consolidate them once they have been attained? The data analyzed in this study were produced from the qualitative techniques of participant observation in the Punta Mogote venue during its operating days, the in-depth interviews with stallholders, and the brief interviews with customers who buy garments in this area., O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar as diferenças materiais, estéticas e simbólicas que estão presentes em diferentes setores de Punta Mogote, uma das principais áreas de compras do complexo da feira La Salada, localizada na cidade de Lomas de Zamora, em Buenos Aires. Entendendo o espaço do local como a expressão de um campo nos termos de Bourdieu, e a partir da análise de elementos como a qualidade da iluminação e do chão em diferentes áreas do local, a apresentação do local, o custo de seus aluguéis e as qualidades do vestuário exposto, procuraremos responder às seguintes perguntas: Como são expressas as hierarquias no espaço de Punta Mogote? Quais são os critérios que definem as posições mais privilegiadas? Quais são as estratégias que os feirantes utilizam para alcançar determinadas posições ou para consolidá-las uma vez alcançadas? Os dados analisados neste artigo foram produzidos a partir das técnicas qualitativas de observação participante em Punta Mogote durante seus dias de funcionamento, entrevistas em profundidade com os feirantes e breves entrevistas com os clientes que compram roupas neste espaço., El objetivo de este artículo consiste en caracterizar las diferencias materiales, estéticas y simbólicas que se presentan en distintos sectores de Punta Mogote, uno de los principales paseos de compras del complejo ferial de La Salada, ubicado en la localidad bonaerense de Lomas de Zamora. Comprendiendo al espacio del predio como la expresión de un campo en términos de Bourdieu, y a partir del análisis de elementos como la calidad de la iluminación y el suelo en diferentes zonas del predio, la presentación de los locales, el costo de sus alquileres y las cualidades de las prendas exhibidas, se buscará responder a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cómo se expresan las jerarquías en el espacio de Punta Mogote? ¿Cuáles son los criterios que definen a las posiciones más privilegiadas? ¿Qué estrategias despliegan puesteros y puesteras para alcanzar determinadas posiciones o para consolidarlas una vez que éstas fueron alcanzadas? Los datos analizados en este trabajo fueron producidos a partir de las técnicas cualitativas de observación participante en el predio de Punta Mogote durante sus días de funcionamiento, de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a feriantes y de entrevistas breves a clientes que adquieren prendas en este espacio.

The formation of social space through architecture is becoming increasingly important in today's society. In order to design social space as effectively and sustainably as possible, however, it is first important to know the current society and its problems and grievances. Furthermore, social scientists, architects and spatial planners can learn from the development of social spaces in the past decades. The development of social space will be the main component of this work. Utopias aim at the ideal human being and the perfect society. They achieve this goal both by designing physical space and by designing social space. Utopias have therefore accompanied the cultural history of mankind since time immemorial and often reflect the current zeitgeist or represent a counter-design to the prevailing social conditions. Utopias are therefore holistic wishful architectures. A prominent example of such wishful architecture from the time of the Third Reich is the design of the World Capital Germania. An urban design created by the architect Albert Speer for the German capital Berlin. This utopia designs social space in the sense of the ruling Nazis' thinking about representation and power. The architecture is supposed to give people the feeling that an individual person alone is powerless in the face of the community. Therefore, structures of gigantism can be found repeatedly in the architecture of the World Capital Germania. Speer wanted to use the design of the physical space to ensure that the population would develop into a cohesive community. A clear counter-design after the WWII is the concept of New Babylon by the architect Constant Nieuwenhuys. Unlike Albert Speer, Constant Nieuwenhuys places the individual in the center and predicts an architecture of individual possibilities. Through the elimination of all work and the automation of all processes, people have the freedom to build and design their own environment. All people are thus placed on, AR2A011, Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

This study explores relocated algorithmic governance through a qualitative study of the Ubenwa health app. The Ubenwa, which was developed in Canada based on a dataset of babies from Mexico, is currently being implemented in Nigeria to detect birth asphyxia. The app serves as an ideal case for examining the socio-cultural negotiations involved in re-contextualising algorithmic technology. We conducted in-depth interviews with parents, medical practitioners and data experts in Nigeria; the interviews reveal individuals’ perceptions about algorithmic governance and self-determination. In particular, our study presents people’s insights about (1) relocated algorithms as socially dynamic ‘contextual settings’, (2) the (non)negotiable spaces that these algorithmic solutions potentially create and (3) the general implications of re-contextualising algorithmic governance. This article illustrates that relocated algorithmic solutions are perceived as ‘cosmopolitan data localisms’ that extend the spatial scales and multiply localities rather than as ‘data glocalisation’ or the indigenisation of globally distributed technology., Urban Data Science

This master thesis explores the notion of social space by searching for ways of how architectural elements can encourage social behavior in the public domain. Both spatial planning and architecture offer us places for encounters, freedom and creation. Architecture has therefore an important social task, it gives meaning to a place and can stimulate certain activities. The research is structured in three parts which all influence the project and all operate on different scales. These parts are experienced in daily life, together they form and influence the everyday life and create an order of enclosure. The first part will explain the city of Maastricht, how it is perceived and used today and the historic events that changed the identity and appearance of the city. The second part will focus on the building scale, the transition from the city to a building, the level of public and private and the sequence of spaces in buildings. The last part will show the human scale in and around buildings. It will clarify the way people use spaces, their behavior and the places where people intersect and interact., Glaneurs & Glaneuses, Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

This chapter examines how pragmatic variation interfaces with several dimensions of space, not only geographical space but also social space. We approach space from a variational pragmatics perspective and conceive it as a layered phenomenon with local, regional, and national levels that are intertwined with one another as well as with social dimensions of space. We present an empirical study of greeting behavior in Swedish service encounters to illustrate how these layers of space interact and are relevant for pragmatic variation. Qualitative observations of greeting sequences combined with statistical analyses of several co-variables are used to unravel connections between the choice of a greeting form and spatial and social factors. We show that the levels of nation and region (i. e., data from a certain country and town) can account for a certain degree of variation in the choice of greeting forms, but the local levels of space (i. e., interactions in specific venues) and social variables like the speaker’s age and gender also have an explanatory force. Spaces can also bear recognizable cultural meanings to the people who interact in them, triggering certain kinds of social behavior that is symbolically represented in language use., Interaktion och variation i pluricentriska språk

The increasing platformization of urban life needs critical perspectives to examine changing everyday practices and power shifts brought about by the expansion of digital platforms mediating care-services, housing, and mobility. This book addresses new modes of producing urban spaces and societies. It brings both platform researchers and activists from various fields related to critical urban studies and labour activism into dialogue. The contributors engage with the socio-spatial and normative implications of platform-mediated urban everyday life and urban futures, going beyond a rigid techno-dystopian stance in order to include an understanding of platforms as sites of social creativity and exchange.

Die Anzahl der Menschen mit Demenz in Deutschland nimmt stetig zu. Daraus folgen neue Anforderungen an Betreuungs- und Pflegekontexte, die gesamtgesellschaftliche Relevanz entfalten. Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes befassen sich am Beispiel Hessens mit der Frage, wie es um die Demenz-Versorgung in unterschiedlichen Quartieren steht, wie stark ehrenamtliches Engagement ist, welche Unterstützungen und welche Versorgungslücken es gibt. Neben der sozialraumorientierten Betrachtung von dörflichen, kleinstädtischen und großstädtischen Kontexten thematisieren sie auch die Folgen der Corona-Pandemie und geben u.a. aus konvivialistischer Perspektive Einblicke in Problemlagen und Lösungsansätze.

Der Beitrag thematisiert die Stadt sowohl als 'socioscape' (Albrow 1998) wie auch als Organisation, um deren je konkrete Gestalt durch die urbane, gesellschaftliche Praxis des Zusammenlebens ihrer Bewohner_innen zu verstehen, die unterschiedliche Stadttypen hervorbringen. Formelle Praktiken der verfassten politischen Organisation der Kommune und informelle Praktiken greifen ineinander und regulieren, wie 'es' jeweils 'so' gemacht wird. Um diesen Mix zu erfassen, wird als empirischer Fall das Wohn- und Kulturprojekt Kinderkaufhaus des ExKa e.V. in Chemnitz besprochen. Er handelt von einer Initiative junger Akteure im Rahmen der Sanierung und Entwicklung der Stadt, deren Einbettung im Quartier scheiterte, weil den Zielen und Lebensentwürfen die Akzeptanz verweigert wurde. In einer schrumpfenden Stadt 'verzichtete' die lokale Gesellschaft auf neue und junge Mitglieder.

Auf der Basis qualitativer Interviews mit Vertreter*innen unterschiedlicher Bevölkerungsteile (Alte und Junge, Frauen und Männer, Alteingesessene und Neuzugezogene, Arme und Reiche, etc.) werden deren Einschätzungen / Vorstellungen und Zuschreibungen zur lokalen Identifikation als (Selbst)Identifikation mit einem sich stark verändernden Stadtviertel erhoben, sozialwissenschaftlich einsortiert und ausgewertet. In und mit diesem Forschungsprojekt wird versucht herauszufinden, welche Vorstellungen Menschen, die in einer neuen Wohnumgebung wohnen, arbeiten oder sich oft aufhalten, von ihrer räumlichen Umgebung entwickeln und welchen Charakter sie diesem zuschreiben. Welche Bedeutung haben solche Bilder für das Lebensgefühl und das Leben der Menschen vor Ort? Die Forschungsfragen wurden zunächst durch Vorortbesuche, Recherchen und Überlegungen zu möglichen relevanten Aspekten entwickelt und letztlich durch Interviewgespräche mit breit ausgewählten Teilen der Bevölkerung tiefer (inhaltsanalytisch) erforscht.

Im Rahmen der 6. Chemnitzer Heimattage 1997 zum Thema der stadtteilorientierten Geschichtsarbeit stand die Frage, welchen Stellenwert die Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner ihrem Stadtteil für die Identifikation mit der Stadt zuordnen. Ausgehend von dem Befund aus der kommunalen Umfrage Chemnitz '96, dass die Stadtteile in der Tendenz höher geschätzt wurden als die Gesamtstadt, wird eine Interpretation vorgeschlagen.

Wie kann raumbezogenes Handeln, das von einer Vielzahl von Interessen beeinflusst wird, überhaupt noch gesteuert werden? Die AutorInnen diskutieren Beispiele aus städtischen Großprojekten, der Sozialen Stadt, der lokalen Agenda 21 sowie lokalen Projekten und zeigen auf, welche Praktiken des Aushandelns und Handelns jeweils die Sozialraumentwicklung beeinflussen - wie also Governancearrangements von verschiedenen AkteurInnen verhandelt werden. In Prozessen geplanter Sozialraumentwicklungen ist der öffentliche Sektor längst nur noch einer von vielen "kollektiven Akteuren". Als Ausdruck des "communicative turn" in Stadtentwicklungspolitiken und Planungsprozessen sind Aushandlungsprozesse zwischen Akteuren und Interessen meist schon fest in der Konstruktion von Raumpolitiken und -programmen verankert. Unter dem Begriff "Governance" wird dieser Modus des Aushandelns als Marke "guten Regierens" gern verwendet. Die damit verbundenen Ansprüche an Partizipation - nicht nur der institutionalisierten, sondern auch der bisher kaum artikulierten Interessen sozialer Gruppierungen - bringen soziale Praktiken hervor, die die Entwicklung des Sozialraums oft stärker beeinflussen, als die öffentliche Steuerung.

Der Band zeigt die Ergebnisse des Praxisforschungsprojektes BUSLAR. Untersucht wurde, wie durch Selbstorganisation z.B. in Bürgerhilfevereinen in ländlichen Räumen Aufgaben der Unterstützung älterer Menschen übernommen werden. Von Seiten der Politik wird dieses Engagement begrüßt in der Hoffnung, es könne Lücken in der öffentlichen Daseinsvorsorge ein stückweit schließen - ohne angemessene Unterstützung, ist dieses Engagement nachhaltig gefährdet.

Ältere MigrantInnen in Deutschland, die ihr Leben nach besten Kräften aktiv gestalten und den Wunsch nach gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe noch nicht aufgegeben haben, fanden in Forschung und Praxis bisher wenig Aufmerksamkeit. In der Praxis sozialer Arbeit, in der Stadtteilarbeit, in Migrations- und Integrationsprojekten spielt die ältere Generation der Zugewanderten bisher kaum eine Rolle. Hier setzte das Forschungsprojekt AMIQUS an, dessen teils überraschende Ergebnisse in diesem Band versammelt sind. Untersucht wurden die Bedingungen und Ressourcen, vor allem aber die Barrieren für eine angemessene Lebensführung im Alter. Die Grundannahme war, dass nachbarschaftliche Unterstützungssysteme zu entwickeln und zu stärken und Prozesse der Selbstorganisation eigener Interessen im Wohnquartier zu unterstützen, ein wesentlicher Schlüssel gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe ist.

Vor dem Hintergrund eines ambitionierten theoretischen und methodologischen Bezugsrahmens zur Untersuchung vor allem der raumbezogenen Interessenlagen von Jugendlichen, werden Ergebnisse eines entsprechenden Forschungsprojektes aus dem Gebiet Rheingau/Taunus vorgestellt, in dem solche Interessenlagen in Weiterentwicklung der dokumentarischen Methode empirisch rekonstruiert wurden.

Durch die Maßnahmen zur Einschränkung der Corona-Pandemie veränderte sich die Lebenswelt junger Menschen massiv. Jugendliche standen vor der Herausforderung, ihren Lebensalltag neu zu organisieren - und dies unter Bedingungen, welche insbesondere die Nutzung von öffentlichen Räumen stark reglementierten. Dadurch fiel für junge Menschen ein wesentlicher Teil der Interaktion in sozialen Räumen weg. Im Beitrag werden Ergebnisse der Jugendbefragungen JuCo I und JuCo II im Hinblick auf das Raumerleben Jugendlicher in der Pandemie präsentiert. Am Beispiel der Kontexte Schule und Freizeit zeigt sich, dass das Erleben von Räumen mit dem Vorhandensein individuell unterschiedlicher Ressourcen zusammenhing. Konsequenzen für die Gestaltung und Zugänglichkeit öffentlicher Räume während und nach der Pandemie werden mit Bezug auf jugendtheoretische Überlegungen diskutiert., The political restrictions which have been imposed to fight the COVID-19 pandemic strongly affected young people's lives. A profound reorganisation of their everyday lives was needed, while social interaction with peers in public spaces became heavily regulated. An essential part of interaction in social spaces was gone. The article presents results of the German youth surveys JuCo I and JuCo II focusing on young people's experience of the social space during the pandemic. Looking at the exemplary contexts of school and leisure time, we show that the opportunity to experience various spaces was related to the individual availability of resources. Implications of these findings are discussed regarding the organisation and accessibility of public spaces during and after the pandemic, connecting them to youth theory of social space.

Ausgehend von verschiedenen Bestimmungsversuchen von Gemeinwesen in der Geschichte von Philosophie und Sozialwissenschaften - von Hegel, über Marx und Arendt, bis zu Habermas und Negt - wird in kritischer Auseinandersetzung mit diesen ein eigener Begriff entfaltet. Dieser beansprucht nicht nur jene historischen Entwürfe dialektisch aufzuheben, sondern auch eine raumtheoretisch reflexive Absicherung vor allem im Anschluss an Lefebvres Theorie der Produktion des Raumes und die Scales-Studies. Vor diesem Hintergrund soll dann eine Konzeption Sozialer Arbeit als Arbeit am Gemeinwesen ebenfalls in kritischer Auseinandersetzung mit ausgewählten Theorien - wie z.B. Michael Winklers sozialpädagogischem Ortshandeln, Dewe/Ottos reflexiver Sozialpädagogik und dem Capabilities-Approach - begründet werden. Diese soll anschließend auch methodisch an Paulo Freires dialogischem Ansatz von Kodierung/Dekodierung, Lefebvres Methodologie der Alltagskritik sowie an kritischen Konzepten von Gemeinwesenarbeit konkretisiert werden.

A great amount of effort has gone into studying correspondences between contemporary class structures and the distribution of lifestyles and media practices therein. Structural overlaps between these spaces imply the existence of a symbolic order, where dominant factions of society constitute taste keepers endowed with the power to stigmatize those below them in the social hierarchy. Yet, research has not come to terms with the reach and depth of this symbolic order. This study combines the Bourdieusian approach with recent developments in stigma research and the notion of felt stigma. Using multiple correspondence analysis on a survey with the adult Swedish population (n = 2003) findings align with previous research in that the social space is built around capital volume and capital composition, and that media practices connect to that structure. This symbolic order is not, however, internalized by people at lower social positions. Instead, it is people invested in culture and arts – a cultural middle-class – who are most likely to anticipate that others would look down on their practices and preferences.

A great amount of effort has gone into studying correspondences between contemporary class structures and the distribution of lifestyles and media practices therein. Structural overlaps between these spaces imply the existence of a symbolic order, where dominant factions of society constitute taste keepers endowed with the power to stigmatize those below them in the social hierarchy. Yet, research has not come to terms with the reach and depth of this symbolic order. This study combines the Bourdieusian approach with recent developments in stigma research and the notion of felt stigma. Using multiple correspondence analysis on a survey with the adult Swedish population (n = 2003) findings align with previous research in that the social space is built around capital volume and capital composition, and that media practices connect to that structure. This symbolic order is not, however, internalized by people at lower social positions. Instead, it is people invested in culture and arts – a cultural middle-class – who are most likely to anticipate that others would look down on their practices and preferences.

A great amount of effort has gone into studying correspondences between contemporary class structures and the distribution of lifestyles and media practices therein. Structural overlaps between these spaces imply the existence of a symbolic order, where dominant factions of society constitute taste keepers endowed with the power to stigmatize those below them in the social hierarchy. Yet, research has not come to terms with the reach and depth of this symbolic order. This study combines the Bourdieusian approach with recent developments in stigma research and the notion of felt stigma. Using multiple correspondence analysis on a survey with the adult Swedish population (n = 2003) findings align with previous research in that the social space is built around capital volume and capital composition, and that media practices connect to that structure. This symbolic order is not, however, internalized by people at lower social positions. Instead, it is people invested in culture and arts – a cultural middle-class – who are most likely to anticipate that others would look down on their practices and preferences.

The aim of this paper was to investigate how adult second language learners of Swedish have perceived their social space with their classmates during courses that they have studied online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research questions that fulfilled this aim looked at (1) the students’ perceptions of three qualities connected to a positive social space: availability, support and trust; and (2) their perceived learning outcomes from the interaction that has taken place within this perceived social space. This study used a mixed method where a quantitative method that consisted of questionnaires was interrelated with a qualitative method that consisted of voluntary comments in the questionnaire as well as follow-up interviews. Thirteen students answered the questionnaire, and three of them were interviewed. The results showed that the most positive impact on their social space is connected to their trust for one another and the most negative impact is connected to the availability of their classmates as well as the use of the functions in th communication platform. The results also showed that the most positive effect on their perceived learning outcomes is connected to the opportunity to discuss and use the language in various ways and the most negative effect can be connected to differences in proficiency levels.