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53 results on '"Sjöström, M."'

1. Healthcare in distress : A survey of mental health problems and the role of gender among nurses and physicians in Sweden

Author: Brulin, E., Lidwall, U., Seing, I., Nyberg, A., Landstad, Bodil, Sjöström, M., Bååthe, F., Nilsen, P., Brulin, E., Lidwall, U., Seing, I., Nyberg, A., Landstad, Bodil, Sjöström, M., Bååthe, F., and Nilsen, P.
Abstract: Introduction: The present article aimed to investigate 1) if mental health problems (depression and burnout including the dimensions; emotional exhaustion, mental distance and cognitive and emotional impairment) differed between nurses and physicians in Sweden, 2) if any differences were explained by differences in sex compositions, and 3) if any sex differences were larger within either of the two professions. Method: Data were derived from a representative sample of nurses (n = 2903) and physicians (n = 2712) in 2022. Two scales were used to assess burnout (KEDS and BAT) and one to assess depression (SCL-6). The BAT scale has four sub-dimensions. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyse each scale and dimension separately. Results: Results showed that 16–28 % of nurses and physicians reported moderate to severe symptoms of burnout. The prevalence differed between occupations across the scales and dimensions used. Nurses reported higher scores on KEDS while physicians reported higher scores on BAT including the four dimensions. Also, 7 % of nurses' and 6 % of physicians' scores were above the cut-off for major depression. The inclusion of sex in the models changed the odds ratios of differences between doctors and nurses in all mental health dimensions except mental distance and cognitive impairment. Limitations: This study was based on cross-sectional survey data which has some limitations. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the prevalence of mental health problems is prominent among nurses and physicians in Sweden. Sex plays an important role in the difference in the prevalence of mental health problems between the two professions.
Published: 2023
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2. Money talks : performance-based reimbursement systems impact on perceived work, health and patient care for physicians in Sweden

Author: Brulin, E., Ekberg, K., Landstad, Bodil J., Lidwall, U., Sjöström, M., Wilczek, A., Brulin, E., Ekberg, K., Landstad, Bodil J., Lidwall, U., Sjöström, M., and Wilczek, A.
Abstract: Introduction: The study aimed to investigate in which way performance-based reimbursement (PBR) systems in Swedish healthcare services (1) subjectively impacted physicians’ work and patient care and (2) were associated with the occurrence of stress-induced exhaustion disorders among physicians. Method: The study applied a mixed-method design. Data were collected from a representative sample of Swedish physicians. In the questionnaire, respondents were asked to answer an open-ended question regarding their reflections on PBR. The answers to the open-ended question were analysed using thematic analysis. Respondents were also asked to rate the impact of PBR on their work. The association between PBR and self-rated stress-induced exhaustion disease was analysed with logistic regressions. Stress-induced exhaustion disorder was measured using the Burnout Assessment Scale. Results: Thematic analysis resulted in four themes: (1) Money talks, (2) Patients are affected, (3) Medical morals are challenged, and (4) PBR increase the quantity of illegitimate tasks. Logistic regressions showed that physicians who experienced PBR had an impact on their work and had a two-fold higher risk of stress-induced exhaustion disorder. Discussion: Our findings suggest that current reimbursement systems in Sweden play an essential role in Swedish healthcare and negatively influence physicians’ work and health. Also, current PBR impact patients negatively. No previous study has explored the potentially harmful impact of PBR on how physicians perceive work, health and patient care. Results indicate that policymakers should be encouraged to deeply review PBR systems and focus on ways that they can limit the negative impact on physicians’ work and health while meeting future challenges.
Published: 2023
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3. The Swedish HealthPhys Study : Study Description and Prevalence of Clinical Burnout and Major Depression among Physicians

Author: Hagqvist, Emma, Ekberg, K., Lidwall, U., Nyberg, A., Landstad, Bodil J., Wilczek, A., Bååthe, F., Sjöström, M., Hagqvist, Emma, Ekberg, K., Lidwall, U., Nyberg, A., Landstad, Bodil J., Wilczek, A., Bååthe, F., and Sjöström, M.
Abstract: Objectives: The study purpose was to describe the Swedish HealthPhys cohort. Using data from the HealthPhys study, we aimed to describe the prevalence of clinical burnout and major depression in a representative sample of Swedish physicians across gender, age, worksite, hierarchical position, and speciality in spring of 2021, during the third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: The HealthPhys questionnaire was sent to a representative sample of practising physicians (n = 6699) in Sweden in February to May of 2021 with a 41.3% response rate. The questionnaire included validated instruments measuring psychosocial work environment and health including measurements for major depression and clinical burnout. Results: Data from the HealthPhys study showed that among practising physicians in Sweden the prevalence of major depression was 4.8% and clinical burnout was 4.7%. However, the variations across sub-groups of physicians regarding major depression ranged from 0% to 10.1%. For clinical burnout estimates ranged from 1.3% to 14.5%. Emergency physicians had the highest levels of clinical burnout while they had 0% prevalence of major depression. Prevalence of exhaustion was high across all groups of physicians with physicians working in emergency departments, at the highest (28.6%) and anaesthesiologist at the lowest (5.6%). Junior physicians had high levels across all measurements. Conclusions: In conclusion, the first data collection from the HealthPhys study showed that the prevalence of major depression and clinical burnout varies across genders, age, hierarchical position, worksite, and specialty. Moreover, many practising physicians in Sweden experienced exhaustion and were at high risk of burnout.
Published: 2022
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4. Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

Author: Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R.M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R.T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M.K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M.L.C. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A.R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, R.G. (Trudy), Riley, L.M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M.J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J.E. (James E.), Stevens, G.A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C.J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A.P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gómez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H.A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R.J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I.A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C.O. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Ahmad, N.A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S.H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (W.), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M.M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala’a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D.N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L.B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S.A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R.M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araújo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R.E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K.K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assunção, M.C.F. (Maria Cecília F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicová, M. (Mária), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, J. (Joshan), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J.R. (José R.), Barbagallo, C.M. (Carlo M.), Barceló, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A.M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L.A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S.K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M.B. (Marius B.), Björkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K.V. (Katia V.), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B.O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J.G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C.P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L.M. (Lizzy), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M.A. (Markus A.), de León, A.C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Günay), Cândido, A.P.C. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M.V. (Mario V.), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V.C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F.F., Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C.A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.D. (M.), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S.C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Charles), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semánová), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F.V. (Felipe V.), D’Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d’Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J., Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T.M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), Backer, G. (Guy) de, Bacquer, D. (Dirk) de, de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P.D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A.D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Hélène), Dennison, E.M. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valérie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A.F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A.J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S.P. (Silvana P.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C.A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R.B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R.T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escobedo-de la Peña, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C.H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F.J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T.S. (Trevor S.), Fernández-Bergés, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Föger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L.H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H.M. (Heba M.), Francis, D.K. (Damian K.), do Carmo Franco, M. (Maria), Franco, O.H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S.P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J.M. (Marianne), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T.K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Gonçalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), González-Rivas, J.P. (Juan P.), González-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), González-Villalpando, M.E. (María Elena), Gonzalez, A.R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dušan), Gregor, R.D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grøntved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-castillón, P. (Pilar), Guan, O.P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E.F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I.R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R.H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A.J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yong), Hendriks, M.E. (Marleen), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A.G. (Allan G.), Ho, S.Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W.M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A.R.V.R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C.M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B.L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T.T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A.S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M.M.T. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J.M. (José María), Huhtaniemi, I.T. (I.), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M.L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. (Abdullatif), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A.G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M.M. (Mohsen), Wong, N.I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V.E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), al-Safi Ismail, A. (Aziz), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H.Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T.H. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G.B. (Gorm), Jeong, S.-L. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A.K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C.Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R.O. (Ramon O.), JöCkel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J.J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J.B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Józwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N.A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P.R. (Pia R.), Karki, K.B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, M. (Mark), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y.S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H.C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I.V. (Iliana V.), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), König, J. (Jürgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P.L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U.M. (Urho), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F.Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T.H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T.S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L.E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N.S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C.L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M.F. (Maria Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P.A. (Paulo A), Lozano, J.E. (José Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A.A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D.J., Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Rao, K.M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y., Mann, J.I. (Jim I.), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L.P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E.B. (Ellisiv), Matsha, T.E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S.R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S.T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R.M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S.B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B.A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A.H. (Amir Houshang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A.M.B. (Ana M.B.), Menon, G.R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I.I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H.E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J.C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C.S. (Cláudia S.), Mini, G.K. (G. K.), Miquel, J.F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J.J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P.A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S.S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M.K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), Yusoff, M.F.M. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Møllehave, L.T. (Line T.), Møller, N.C. (Niels C.), Molnár, D. (Dénes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C.K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. (Luis), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S.N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M.E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K.P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M.L. (Maria Lorenza), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B.M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Námešná, J. (Jana), Nang, E.E.K. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V.B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W.A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N.D. (Nguyen D.), Nguyen, Q.N. (Quang Ngoc), Nieto-Martínez, R.E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T.J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O.A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Nsour, M.A. (Mohannad Al), Nuhoğlu, I. (Irfan), O’Neill, T.W. (Terence W.), O’Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. (Angélica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, Ö. (Örn), Olié, V. (Valérie), Oliveira, I.O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M.A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S.K. (Sok King), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P.J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S.M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J.A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F.M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W.R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N.D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S.V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. (A.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pham, S.T. (Son Thai), Pichardo, R.N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, A. (Alberto), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A.N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubió, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M.L.P. (Marileen), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J.F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J.J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S.E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Bao, T.Q. (Tran Quoc), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S.R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redón, J. (Josep), Reganit, P.F.M. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), Rinke de Wit, T.F. (Tobias), Rodríguez Artalejo, F. (Fernando), del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. (María), Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E.L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J.G.R. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H.S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A.R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmerón, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J.T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sánchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasías, A.M. (Alba M.), Santos, D.A. (Diana A.), Santos, M.P. (Maria Paula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J.L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L.B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S., Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B.D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (C.), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C.O. (Carsten O.), Schöttker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A.A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S.G. (Sadaf G), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S.A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S.K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J.E., Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D.W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A.M. (Abla M.), Silva, D.A.S. (Diego Augusto Santos), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L.A. (Leon A.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M.B. (Marieke), Söderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Augustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M.H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Jérome, C.S. (Charles Sossa), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J.A. (Jan), Stathopoulou, M.G. (Maria G), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A.D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanović, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stöckl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M.W. (Maria Wany), Suárez-Medina, R. (Ramón), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundström, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R.G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R.C. (René Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E.S. (Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E.J. (Eng Joo), Tarawneh, M.R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G.S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K.R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B.H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H.K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J.S. (Janne), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topór-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M.J., Tornaritis, M.J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O.T.H. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M.K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H., Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), Dam, R.M. (Rob) van, Schouw, Y.T. (Yvonne) van der, Van Herck, K. (Koen), Van Minh, H. (Hoang), Rossem, L. (Lenie) van, Schoor, N.M. (Natasja) van, Valkengoed, I. (Irene) van, Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Pérez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S.K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernández, S.J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Verschuren, W.M.M. (W. M. Monique), Victora, C.G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J.K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A.N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W.M.W. (Wan Mohamad Wan), Mohamud, W.N.W. (Wan Nazaimoon Wan), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y.X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S.G. (Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I.S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A.H. (Alet), Wilks, R.J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R.A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F.C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T.P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P.K. (P.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N.O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A.F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A.A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S.R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), Zaw, K.K. (Ko Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (T.), Vrkic, T.Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J.Z. (Julio Zuñiga), Gregg, E.W. (Edward W.), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R.M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R.T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M.K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M.L.C. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A.R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, R.G. (Trudy), Riley, L.M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M.J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J.E. (James E.), Stevens, G.A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C.J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A.P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gómez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H.A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R.J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I.A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C.O. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Ahmad, N.A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S.H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (W.), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M.M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala’a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D.N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L.B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S.A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R.M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araújo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R.E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K.K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assunção, M.C.F. (Maria Cecília F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicová, M. (Mária), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, J. (Joshan), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J.R. (José R.), Barbagallo, C.M. (Carlo M.), Barceló, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A.M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L.A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S.K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M.B. (Marius B.), Björkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K.V. (Katia V.), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B.O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J.G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C.P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L.M. (Lizzy), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M.A. (Markus A.), de León, A.C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Günay), Cândido, A.P.C. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M.V. (Mario V.), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V.C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F.F., Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C.A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.D. (M.), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S.C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Charles), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semánová), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F.V. (Felipe V.), D’Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d’Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J., Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T.M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), Backer, G. (Guy) de, Bacquer, D. (Dirk) de, de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P.D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A.D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Hélène), Dennison, E.M. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valérie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A.F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A.J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S.P. (Silvana P.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C.A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R.B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R.T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escobedo-de la Peña, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C.H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F.J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T.S. (Trevor S.), Fernández-Bergés, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Föger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L.H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H.M. (Heba M.), Francis, D.K. (Damian K.), do Carmo Franco, M. (Maria), Franco, O.H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S.P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J.M. (Marianne), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T.K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Gonçalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), González-Rivas, J.P. (Juan P.), González-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), González-Villalpando, M.E. (María Elena), Gonzalez, A.R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dušan), Gregor, R.D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grøntved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-castillón, P. (Pilar), Guan, O.P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E.F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I.R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R.H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A.J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yong), Hendriks, M.E. (Marleen), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A.G. (Allan G.), Ho, S.Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W.M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A.R.V.R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C.M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B.L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T.T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A.S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M.M.T. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J.M. (José María), Huhtaniemi, I.T. (I.), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M.L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. (Abdullatif), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A.G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M.M. (Mohsen), Wong, N.I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V.E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), al-Safi Ismail, A. (Aziz), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H.Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T.H. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G.B. (Gorm), Jeong, S.-L. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A.K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C.Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R.O. (Ramon O.), JöCkel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J.J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J.B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Józwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N.A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P.R. (Pia R.), Karki, K.B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, M. (Mark), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y.S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H.C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I.V. (Iliana V.), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), König, J. (Jürgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P.L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U.M. (Urho), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F.Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T.H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T.S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L.E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N.S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C.L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M.F. (Maria Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P.A. (Paulo A), Lozano, J.E. (José Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A.A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D.J., Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Rao, K.M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y., Mann, J.I. (Jim I.), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L.P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E.B. (Ellisiv), Matsha, T.E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S.R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S.T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R.M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S.B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B.A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A.H. (Amir Houshang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A.M.B. (Ana M.B.), Menon, G.R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I.I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H.E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J.C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C.S. (Cláudia S.), Mini, G.K. (G. K.), Miquel, J.F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J.J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P.A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S.S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M.K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), Yusoff, M.F.M. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Møllehave, L.T. (Line T.), Møller, N.C. (Niels C.), Molnár, D. (Dénes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C.K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. (Luis), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S.N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M.E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K.P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M.L. (Maria Lorenza), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B.M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Námešná, J. (Jana), Nang, E.E.K. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V.B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W.A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N.D. (Nguyen D.), Nguyen, Q.N. (Quang Ngoc), Nieto-Martínez, R.E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T.J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O.A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Nsour, M.A. (Mohannad Al), Nuhoğlu, I. (Irfan), O’Neill, T.W. (Terence W.), O’Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. (Angélica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, Ö. (Örn), Olié, V. (Valérie), Oliveira, I.O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M.A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S.K. (Sok King), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P.J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S.M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J.A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F.M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W.R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N.D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S.V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. (A.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pham, S.T. (Son Thai), Pichardo, R.N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, A. (Alberto), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A.N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubió, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M.L.P. (Marileen), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J.F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J.J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S.E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Bao, T.Q. (Tran Quoc), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S.R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redón, J. (Josep), Reganit, P.F.M. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), Rinke de Wit, T.F. (Tobias), Rodríguez Artalejo, F. (Fernando), del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. (María), Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E.L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J.G.R. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H.S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A.R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmerón, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J.T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sánchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasías, A.M. (Alba M.), Santos, D.A. (Diana A.), Santos, M.P. (Maria Paula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J.L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L.B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S., Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B.D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (C.), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C.O. (Carsten O.), Schöttker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A.A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S.G. (Sadaf G), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S.A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S.K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J.E., Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D.W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A.M. (Abla M.), Silva, D.A.S. (Diego Augusto Santos), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L.A. (Leon A.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M.B. (Marieke), Söderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Augustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M.H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Jérome, C.S. (Charles Sossa), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J.A. (Jan), Stathopoulou, M.G. (Maria G), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A.D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanović, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stöckl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M.W. (Maria Wany), Suárez-Medina, R. (Ramón), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundström, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R.G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R.C. (René Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E.S. (Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E.J. (Eng Joo), Tarawneh, M.R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G.S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K.R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B.H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H.K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J.S. (Janne), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topór-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M.J., Tornaritis, M.J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O.T.H. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M.K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H., Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), Dam, R.M. (Rob) van, Schouw, Y.T. (Yvonne) van der, Van Herck, K. (Koen), Van Minh, H. (Hoang), Rossem, L. (Lenie) van, Schoor, N.M. (Natasja) van, Valkengoed, I. (Irene) van, Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Pérez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S.K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernández, S.J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Verschuren, W.M.M. (W. M. Monique), Victora, C.G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J.K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A.N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W.M.W. (Wan Mohamad Wan), Mohamud, W.N.W. (Wan Nazaimoon Wan), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y.X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S.G. (Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I.S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A.H. (Alet), Wilks, R.J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R.A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F.C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T.P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P.K. (P.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N.O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A.F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A.A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S.R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), Zaw, K.K. (Ko Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (T.), Vrkic, T.Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J.Z. (Julio Zuñiga), Gregg, E.W. (Edward W.), and Ezzati, M. (Majid)
Abstract: High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiov
Published: 2020
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5. Quality of experience of hand controller latency in a virtual reality simulator

Author: Brunnström, K., Dima, E., Andersson, M., Sjöström, M., Qureshi, T., Johanson, M., Brunnström, K., Dima, E., Andersson, M., Sjöström, M., Qureshi, T., and Johanson, M.
Abstract: In this study, we investigate a VR simulator of a forestry crane used for loading logs onto a truck, mainly looking at Quality of Experience (QoE) aspects that may be relevant for task completion, but also whether there are any discomfort related symptoms experienced during task execution. A QoE test has been designed to capture both the general subjective experience of using the simulator and to study task performance. Moreover, a specific focus has been to study the effects of latency on the subjective experience, with regards to delays in the crane control interface. A formal subjective study has been performed where we have added controlled delays to the hand controller (joystick) signals. The added delays ranged from 0 ms to 800 ms. We found no significant effects of delays on the task performance on any scales up to 200 ms. A significant negative effect was found for 800 ms added delay. The Symptoms reported in the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) was significantly higher for all the symptom groups, but a majority of the participants reported only slight symptoms. Two out of thirty test persons stopped the test before finishing due to their symptoms., QC 20200515
Published: 2019
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6. First optics and beam dynamics studies on the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring

Author: Leemann, SC, Leemann, SC, Sjöström, M, Andersson, Leemann, SC, Leemann, SC, Sjöström, M, and Andersson
Abstract: The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring is the first light source to make use of a multibend achromat lattice to reach ultralow emittance. After extensive commissioning efforts, the storage ring is now ramping up its user program. We present results from beam commissioning of the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring as well as a summary of the beam dynamics studies that have so for been carried out. We report on injection and accumulation using a single dipole kicker, top-up injection, slow orbit feedback, restoring the linear optics to design, effects of in-vacuum undulators with closed gaps, adjusting nonlinear optics to achieve design chromaticity correction and dynamic aperture sufficient for high injection efficiency and large Touschek lifetime.
Published: 2018

7. First optics and beam dynamics studies on the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring

Author: Leemann, SC, Leemann, SC, Sjöström, M, Andersson, Leemann, SC, Leemann, SC, Sjöström, M, and Andersson
Abstract: The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring is the first light source to make use of a multibend achromat lattice to reach ultralow emittance. After extensive commissioning efforts, the storage ring is now ramping up its user program. We present results from beam commissioning of the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring as well as a summary of the beam dynamics studies that have so for been carried out. We report on injection and accumulation using a single dipole kicker, top-up injection, slow orbit feedback, restoring the linear optics to design, effects of in-vacuum undulators with closed gaps, adjusting nonlinear optics to achieve design chromaticity correction and dynamic aperture sufficient for high injection efficiency and large Touschek lifetime.
Published: 2018

8. Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time during Childhood, Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A Cohort Study

Author: Ortega, F, Konstabel, K, Pasquali, E, Ruiz, J, Hurtig Wennlöf, A, Mäestu, J, Löf, M, Harro, J, Bellocco, R, Labayen, I, Veidebaum, T, Sjöström, M, Sjöström, M., BELLOCCO, RINO, Ortega, F, Konstabel, K, Pasquali, E, Ruiz, J, Hurtig Wennlöf, A, Mäestu, J, Löf, M, Harro, J, Bellocco, R, Labayen, I, Veidebaum, T, Sjöström, M, Sjöström, M., and BELLOCCO, RINO
Abstract: Background:To know how moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time change across lifespan periods is needed for designing successful lifestyle interventions. We aimed to study changes in objectively measured (accelerometry) MVPA and sedentary time from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to young adulthood.Methods:Estonian and Swedish participants from the European Youth Heart Study aged 9 and 15 years at baseline (N = 2312) were asked to participate in a second examination 6 (Sweden) to 9/10 (Estonia) years later. 1800 participants with valid accelerometer data were analyzed.Results:MVPA decreased from childhood to adolescence (-1 to -2.5 min/d per year of follow-up, P = 0.01 and <0.001, for girls and boys respectively) and also from adolescence to young adulthood (-0.8 to -2.2 min/d per year, P = 0.02 and <0.001 for girls and boys, respectively). Sedentary time increased from childhood to adolescence (+15 and +20 min/d per year, for girls and boys respectively, P<0.001), with no substantial change from adolescence to young adulthood. Changes in both MVPA and sedentary time were greater in Swedish than in Estonian participants and in boys than in girls. The magnitude of the change observed in sedentary time was 3-6 time larger than the change observed in MVPA.Conclusions:The decline in MVPA (overall change = 30 min/d) and increase sedentary time (overall change = 2:45 h/d) observed from childhood to adolescence are of concern and might increase the risk of developing obesity and other chronic diseases later in life. These findings substantially contribute to understand how key health-related behaviors (physical activity and sedentary) change across important periods of life. © 2013 Ortega et al.
Published: 2013

9. Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants

Author: Zhou, B, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Cowan, MJ, Paciorek, CJ, Singh, G, Hajifathalian, K, Bennett, JE, Taddei, C, Bilano, V, Carrillo-Larco, RM, Djalalinia, S, Khatibzadeh, S, Lugero, C, Peykari, N, Zhang, WZ, Lu, Y, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Bovet, P, Elliott, P, Gu, D, Ikeda, N, Jackson, RT, Joffres, M, Kengne, AP, Laatikainen, T, Lam, TH, Laxmaiah, A, Liu, J, Miranda, JJ, Mondo, CK, Neuhauser, HK, Sundström, J, Smeeth, L, Soric, M, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Abarca-Gómez, L, Abdeen, ZA, Rahim, HA, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, R, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemang, C, Ahmadvand, A, Ahrens, W, Al Raddadi, R, Al Woyatan, R, Ali, MM, Alkerwi, A, Aly, E, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Ängquist, L, Anjana, RM, Ansong, D, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araújo, J, Ariansen, I, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Aryal, K, Arveiler, D, Assah, FK, Assun ao, MCF, Avdicová, M, Azevedo, A, Azizi, F, Babu, BV, Bahijri, S, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Banegas, JR, Barbagallo, CM, Barceló, A, Barkat, A, Barros, AJD, Barros, MV, Bata, I, Batieha, AM, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Romdhane, HB, Benet, M, Benson, LS, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bernotiene, G, Bettiol, H, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bi, Y, Bikbov, M, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertness, E, Björkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boeing, H, Boggia, JG, Boissonnet, CP, Bongard, V, Braeckman, L, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Bugge, A, Burns, C, Bursztyn, M, de León, AC, Cacciottolo, J, Cameron, C, Can, G, Cândido, APC, Capuano, V, Cardoso, VC, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, AW, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, HK, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, C-J, Chen, F, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Dekkaki, IC, Chetrit, A, Chiolero, A, Chiou, S-T, Chirita-Emandi, A, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Clays, E, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Coppinger, TC, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, CL, Crujeiras, AB, Cruz, JJ, D Arrigo, G, d Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Damasceno, A, Dankner, R, Dantoft, TM, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Deepa, M, Dehghan, A, Delisle, H, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Dias-da-Costa, JS, Diaz, A, Dickerson, TT, Do, HTP, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Donoso, SP, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Dulskiene, V, D akula, A, Dzerve, V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, El Ati, J, Ellert, U, Elosua, R, Erasmus, RT, Erem, C, Eriksen, L, Escobedo-de la Pe na, J, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Fall, CH, Farzadfar, F, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Ferguson, TS, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrante, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Fischer, K, Föger, B, Foo, LH, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Fortmann, SP, Fouad, HM, Francis, DK, do Carmo Franco, M, Franco, OH, Frontera, G, Fuchs, FD, Fuchs, SC, Fujita, Y, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Gareta, D, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Gavrila, D, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemian, A, Ghimire, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Giovannelli, J, Goldsmith, RA, Gon alves, H, Gross, MG, González Rivas, JP, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Grajda, A, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Grujic, V, Guan, OP, Gudnason, V, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gulliford, MC, Gunnlaugsdottir, J, Gunter, M, Gupta, PC, Gureje, O, Gurzkowska, B, Gutierrez, L, Gutzwiller, F, Hadaegh, F, Halkj r, J, Hambleton, IR, Hardy, R, Harikumar, R, Hata, J, Hayes, AJ, He, J, Hendriks, ME, Henriques, A, Cadena, LH, Herqutanto, Herrala, S, Heshmat, R, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hobbs, M, Hofman, A, Dinc, GH, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, TT, Htet, AS, Hu, Y, Huerta, JM, Husseini, AS, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibrahim, MM, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Ivkovic, V, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, JM, Jafar, T, Jamrozik, K, Janszky, I, Jasienska, G, Jelakovic, B, Jiang, CQ, Johansson, M, Jonas, JB, J rgensen, T, Joshi, P, Juolevi, A, Jurak, G, Jure a, V, Kaaks, R, Kafatos, A, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamaruddin, NA, Kasaeian, A, Katz, J, Kauhanen, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Kazakbaeva, G, Keil, U, Boker, LK, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelishadi, R, Kemper, HCG, Kersting, M, Key, T, Khader, YS, Khalili, D, Khang, Y-H, Khaw, K-T, Kiechl, S, Killewo, J, Kim, J, Klumbiene, J, Kolle, E, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Koziel, S, Kristensen, PL, Krokstad, S, Kromhout, D, Kruger, HS, Kubinova, R, Kuciene, R, Kuh, D, Kujala, UM, Kula, K, Kulaga, Z, Krishna Kumar, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, YS, Kuulasmaa, K, Kyobutungi, C, Lachat, C, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Larijani, B, Laugsand, LE, Le Nguyen Bao, K, Le, TD, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Lekhraj, R, León-Mu noz, LM, Levitt, NS, Li, Y, Lilly, CL, Lim, W-Y, Lima-Costa, MF, Lin, H-H, Lin, X, Linneberg, A, Lissner, L, Litwin, M, Lorbeer, R, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lunet, N, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Ma, J, Machado-Coelho, GLL, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Majer, M, Makdisse, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, R, Rao, KM, Malyutina, S, Manios, Y, Mann, JI, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Marques-Vidal, P, Marrugat, J, Martorell, R, Mathiesen, EB, Matijasevich, A, Matsha, TE, Mbanya, JCN, McDonald Posso, AJ, McFarlane, SR, McGarvey, ST, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, McNulty, BA, MdKhir, AS, Mediene-Benchekor, S, Medzioniene, J, Meirhaeghe, A, Meisinger, C, Menezes, AMB, Menon, GR, Meshram, II, Metspalu, A, Mi, J, Mikkel, K, Miller, JC, Miquel, JF, Mi igoj-Durakovic, M, Mohamed, MK, Mohammad, K, Mohammadifard, N, Mohan, V, Mohd Yusoff, MF, M ller, NC, Molnár, D, Momenan, A, Monyeki, KDK, Moreira, LB, Morejon, A, Moreno, LA, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mota, J, Motlagh, ME, Motta, J, Muiesan, ML, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Murphy, N, Mursu, J, Musil, V, Nagel, G, Naidu, BM, Nakamura, H, Náme ná, J, Nang, EEK, Nangia, VB, Narake, S, Navarrete-Mu noz, EM, Ndiaye, NC, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, ND, Nguyen, QN, Nieto-Martínez, RE, Niiranen, TJ, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Nishtar, S, Noale, M, Noboa, OA, Noorbala, AA, Norat, T, Noto, D, Al Nsour, M, O Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olinto, MTA, Oliveira, IO, Omar, MA, Onat, A, Ordunez, P, Osmond, C, Ostojic, SM, Otero, JA, Overvad, K, Owusu-Dabo, E, Paccaud, FM, Padez, C, Pahomova, E, Pajak, A, Palli, D, Palmieri, L, Panda-Jonas, S, Panza, F, Papandreou, D, Parnell, WR, Parsaeian, M, Pecin, I, Pednekar, MS, Peer, N, Peeters, PH, Peixoto, SV, Pelletier, C, Peltonen, M, Pereira, AC, Pérez, RM, Peters, A, Petkeviciene, J, Pham, ST, Pigeot, I, Pikhart, H, Pilav, A, Pilotto, L, Pitakaka, F, Plans-Rubió, P, Polakowska, M, Pola ek, O, Porta, M, Portegies, MLP, Pourshams, A, Pradeepa, R, Prashant, M, Price, JF, Puiu, M, Punab, M, Qasrawi, RF, Qorbani, M, Radic, I, Radisauskas, R, Rahman, M, Raitakari, O, Raj, M, Rao, SR, Ramachandran, A, 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E, Söderberg, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Song, Y, S rensen, TIA, Jérome, CS, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Starc, G, Stathopoulou, MG, Stavreski, B, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stein, AD, Stergiou, GS, Stessman, J, Stieber, J, Stöckl, D, Stocks, T, Stokwiszewski, J, Stronks, K, Strufaldi, MW, Sun, C-A, Sung, Y-T, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Sy, RG, Tai, ES, Tammesoo, M-L, Tamosiunas, A, Tang, L, Tang, X, Tanser, F, Tao, Y, Tarawneh, MR, Tarqui-Mamani, CB, Taylor, A, Theobald, H, Thijs, L, Thuesen, BH, Tjonneland, A, Tolonen, HK, Tolstrup, JS, Topbas, M, Topór-Madry, R, Tormo, MJ, Torrent, M, Traissac, P, Trichopoulos, D, Trichopoulou, A, Trinh, OTH, Trivedi, A, Tshepo, L, Tulloch-Reid, MK, Tuomainen, T-P, Tuomilehto, J, Turley, ML, Tynelius, P, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ugel, E, Ulmer, H, Uusitalo, HMT, Valdivia, G, Valvi, D, van der Schouw, YT, Van Herck, K, van Rossem, L, van Valkengoed, IGM, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vatten, L, Vega, T, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Veronesi, G, Verschuren, WMM, Verstraeten, R, Victora, CG, Viet, L, Viikari-Juntura, E, Vineis, P, Vioque, J, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrdoljak, A, Vrijheid, M, Wade, AN, Wagner, A, Walton, J, Wan Mohamud, WN, Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang, YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wareham, N, Wederkopp, N, Weerasekera, D, Whincup, PH, Widhalm, K, Widyahening, IS, Wiecek, A, Wijga, AH, Wilks, RJ, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Williams, EA, Wilsgaard, T, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, TY, Wong-McClure, RA, Woo, J, Wu, AG, Wu, FC, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yiallouros, PK, Yoshihara, A, Younger-Coleman, NO, Yusoff, AF, Yusoff, MFM, Zambon, S, Zdrojewski, T, Zeng, Y, Zhao, D, Zhao, W, Zheng, Y, Zhu, D, Zimmermann, E, Cisneros, JZ, Zhou, B, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Cowan, MJ, Paciorek, CJ, Singh, G, Hajifathalian, K, Bennett, JE, Taddei, C, Bilano, V, Carrillo-Larco, RM, Djalalinia, S, Khatibzadeh, S, Lugero, C, Peykari, N, Zhang, WZ, Lu, Y, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Bovet, P, Elliott, P, Gu, D, Ikeda, N, Jackson, RT, Joffres, M, Kengne, AP, Laatikainen, T, Lam, TH, Laxmaiah, A, Liu, J, Miranda, JJ, Mondo, CK, Neuhauser, HK, Sundström, J, Smeeth, L, Soric, M, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Abarca-Gómez, L, Abdeen, ZA, Rahim, HA, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, R, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemang, C, Ahmadvand, A, Ahrens, W, Al Raddadi, R, Al Woyatan, R, Ali, MM, Alkerwi, A, Aly, E, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Ängquist, L, Anjana, RM, Ansong, D, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araújo, J, Ariansen, I, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Aryal, K, Arveiler, D, Assah, FK, Assun ao, MCF, Avdicová, M, Azevedo, A, Azizi, F, Babu, BV, Bahijri, S, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Banegas, JR, Barbagallo, CM, Barceló, A, Barkat, A, Barros, AJD, Barros, MV, Bata, I, Batieha, AM, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Romdhane, HB, Benet, M, Benson, LS, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bernotiene, G, Bettiol, H, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bi, Y, Bikbov, M, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertness, E, Björkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boeing, H, Boggia, JG, Boissonnet, CP, Bongard, V, Braeckman, L, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Bugge, A, Burns, C, Bursztyn, M, de León, AC, Cacciottolo, J, Cameron, C, Can, G, Cândido, APC, Capuano, V, Cardoso, VC, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, AW, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, HK, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, C-J, Chen, F, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Dekkaki, IC, Chetrit, A, Chiolero, A, Chiou, S-T, Chirita-Emandi, A, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Clays, E, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Coppinger, TC, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, CL, Crujeiras, AB, Cruz, JJ, D Arrigo, G, d Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Damasceno, A, Dankner, R, Dantoft, TM, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Deepa, M, Dehghan, A, Delisle, H, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Dias-da-Costa, JS, Diaz, A, Dickerson, TT, Do, HTP, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Donoso, SP, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Dulskiene, V, D akula, A, Dzerve, V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, El Ati, J, Ellert, U, Elosua, R, Erasmus, RT, Erem, C, Eriksen, L, Escobedo-de la Pe na, J, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Fall, CH, Farzadfar, F, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Ferguson, TS, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrante, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Fischer, K, Föger, B, Foo, LH, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Fortmann, SP, Fouad, HM, Francis, DK, do Carmo Franco, M, Franco, OH, Frontera, G, Fuchs, FD, Fuchs, SC, Fujita, Y, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Gareta, D, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Gavrila, D, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemian, A, Ghimire, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Giovannelli, J, Goldsmith, RA, Gon alves, H, Gross, MG, González Rivas, JP, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Grajda, A, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Grujic, V, Guan, OP, Gudnason, V, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gulliford, MC, Gunnlaugsdottir, J, Gunter, M, Gupta, PC, Gureje, O, Gurzkowska, B, Gutierrez, L, Gutzwiller, F, Hadaegh, F, Halkj r, J, Hambleton, IR, Hardy, R, Harikumar, R, Hata, J, Hayes, AJ, He, J, Hendriks, ME, Henriques, A, Cadena, LH, Herqutanto, Herrala, S, Heshmat, R, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hobbs, M, Hofman, A, Dinc, GH, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, TT, Htet, AS, Hu, Y, Huerta, JM, Husseini, AS, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibrahim, MM, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Ivkovic, V, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, JM, Jafar, T, Jamrozik, K, Janszky, I, Jasienska, G, Jelakovic, B, Jiang, CQ, Johansson, M, Jonas, JB, J rgensen, T, Joshi, P, Juolevi, A, Jurak, G, Jure a, V, Kaaks, R, Kafatos, A, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamaruddin, NA, Kasaeian, A, Katz, J, Kauhanen, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, 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Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang, YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wareham, N, Wederkopp, N, Weerasekera, D, Whincup, PH, Widhalm, K, Widyahening, IS, Wiecek, A, Wijga, AH, Wilks, RJ, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Williams, EA, Wilsgaard, T, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, TY, Wong-McClure, RA, Woo, J, Wu, AG, Wu, FC, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yiallouros, PK, Yoshihara, A, Younger-Coleman, NO, Yusoff, AF, Yusoff, MFM, Zambon, S, Zdrojewski, T, Zeng, Y, Zhao, D, Zhao, W, Zheng, Y, Zhu, D, Zimmermann, E, and Cisneros, JZ
Abstract: Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure. Findings We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19·1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127·0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125·7–128·3) in men and 122·3 mm Hg (121·0–123·6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 mm Hg (77·9–79·5) for men and 76·7 mm Hg (75·9–77·6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24·1% (21·4–27·1) in men and 20·1% (17·8–22·5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in east and so
Published: 2017

10. Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants

Author: Zhou, B, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Cowan, MJ, Paciorek, CJ, Singh, G, Hajifathalian, K, Bennett, JE, Taddei, C, Bilano, V, Carrillo-Larco, RM, Djalalinia, S, Khatibzadeh, S, Lugero, C, Peykari, N, Zhang, WZ, Lu, Y, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Bovet, P, Elliott, P, Gu, D, Ikeda, N, Jackson, RT, Joffres, M, Kengne, AP, Laatikainen, T, Lam, TH, Laxmaiah, A, Liu, J, Miranda, JJ, Mondo, CK, Neuhauser, HK, Sundström, J, Smeeth, L, Soric, M, Woodward, M, Ezzati, M, Abarca-Gómez, L, Abdeen, ZA, Rahim, HA, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, R, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemang, C, Ahmadvand, A, Ahrens, W, Al Raddadi, R, Al Woyatan, R, Ali, MM, Alkerwi, A, Aly, E, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Ängquist, L, Anjana, RM, Ansong, D, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araújo, J, Ariansen, I, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Aryal, K, Arveiler, D, Assah, FK, Assun ao, MCF, Avdicová, M, Azevedo, A, Azizi, F, Babu, BV, Bahijri, S, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Banegas, JR, Barbagallo, CM, Barceló, A, Barkat, A, Barros, AJD, Barros, MV, Bata, I, Batieha, AM, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Romdhane, HB, Benet, M, Benson, LS, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bernotiene, G, Bettiol, H, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bi, Y, Bikbov, M, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertness, E, Björkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boeing, H, Boggia, JG, Boissonnet, CP, Bongard, V, Braeckman, L, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Bugge, A, Burns, C, Bursztyn, M, de León, AC, Cacciottolo, J, Cameron, C, Can, G, Cândido, APC, Capuano, V, Cardoso, VC, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, AW, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, HK, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, C-J, Chen, F, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Dekkaki, IC, Chetrit, A, Chiolero, A, Chiou, S-T, Chirita-Emandi, A, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Clays, E, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, 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Gareta, D, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Gavrila, D, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemian, A, Ghimire, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Giovannelli, J, Goldsmith, RA, Gon alves, H, Gross, MG, González Rivas, JP, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Grajda, A, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Grujic, V, Guan, OP, Gudnason, V, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gulliford, MC, Gunnlaugsdottir, J, Gunter, M, Gupta, PC, Gureje, O, Gurzkowska, B, Gutierrez, L, Gutzwiller, F, Hadaegh, F, Halkj r, J, Hambleton, IR, Hardy, R, Harikumar, R, Hata, J, Hayes, AJ, He, J, Hendriks, ME, Henriques, A, Cadena, LH, Herqutanto, Herrala, S, Heshmat, R, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hobbs, M, Hofman, A, Dinc, GH, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, TT, Htet, AS, Hu, Y, Huerta, JM, Husseini, AS, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibrahim, MM, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Ivkovic, V, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, JM, Jafar, T, Jamrozik, K, 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J, Nang, EEK, Nangia, VB, Narake, S, Navarrete-Mu noz, EM, Ndiaye, NC, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, ND, Nguyen, QN, Nieto-Martínez, RE, Niiranen, TJ, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Nishtar, S, Noale, M, Noboa, OA, Noorbala, AA, Norat, T, Noto, D, Al Nsour, M, O Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olinto, MTA, Oliveira, IO, Omar, MA, Onat, A, Ordunez, P, Osmond, C, Ostojic, SM, Otero, JA, Overvad, K, Owusu-Dabo, E, Paccaud, FM, Padez, C, Pahomova, E, Pajak, A, Palli, D, Palmieri, L, Panda-Jonas, S, Panza, F, Papandreou, D, Parnell, WR, Parsaeian, M, Pecin, I, Pednekar, MS, Peer, N, Peeters, PH, Peixoto, SV, Pelletier, C, Peltonen, M, Pereira, AC, Pérez, RM, Peters, A, Petkeviciene, J, Pham, ST, Pigeot, I, Pikhart, H, Pilav, A, Pilotto, L, Pitakaka, F, Plans-Rubió, P, Polakowska, M, Pola ek, O, Porta, M, Portegies, MLP, Pourshams, A, Pradeepa, R, Prashant, M, Price, JF, Puiu, M, Punab, M, Qasrawi, RF, Qorbani, M, Radic, I, Radisauskas, R, Rahman, M, Raitakari, O, Raj, M, Rao, SR, Ramachandran, A, Ramos, E, Rampal, S, Rangel Reina, DA, Rasmussen, F, Redon, J, Reganit, PFM, Ribeiro, R, Riboli, E, Rigo, F, Rinke de Wit, TF, Ritti-Dias, RM, Robinson, SM, Robitaille, C, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M, Rodríguez-Villamizar, LA, Rojas-Martinez, R, Rosengren, A, Rubinstein, A, Rui, O, Ruiz-Betancourt, BS, Russo Horimoto, ARV, Rutkowski, M, Sabanayagam, C, Sachdev, HS, Saidi, O, Sakarya, S, Salanave, B, Martinez, ES, Salmerón, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sánchez-Abanto, J, Sans, S, Santos, D, Santos, IS, dos Santos, RN, Santos, R, Saramies, JL, Sardinha, LB, Margolis, GS, Sarrafzadegan, N, Saum, K-U, Savva, SC, Scazufca, M, Schargrodsky, H, Schneider, IJ, Schultsz, C, Schutte, AE, Sen, A, Senbanjo, IO, Sepanlou, SG, Sharma, SK, Shaw, JE, Shibuya, K, Shin, DW, Shin, Y, Siantar, R, Sibai, AM, Santos Silva, DA, Simon, M, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjöström, M, Skovbjerg, S, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Smith, MC, Snijder, MB, So, H-K, Sobngwi, 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Kazakbaeva, G, Keil, U, Boker, LK, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelishadi, R, Kemper, HCG, Kersting, M, Key, T, Khader, YS, Khalili, D, Khang, Y-H, Khaw, K-T, Kiechl, S, Killewo, J, Kim, J, Klumbiene, J, Kolle, E, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Koziel, S, Kristensen, PL, Krokstad, S, Kromhout, D, Kruger, HS, Kubinova, R, Kuciene, R, Kuh, D, Kujala, UM, Kula, K, Kulaga, Z, Krishna Kumar, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, YS, Kuulasmaa, K, Kyobutungi, C, Lachat, C, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Larijani, B, Laugsand, LE, Le Nguyen Bao, K, Le, TD, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Lekhraj, R, León-Mu noz, LM, Levitt, NS, Li, Y, Lilly, CL, Lim, W-Y, Lima-Costa, MF, Lin, H-H, Lin, X, Linneberg, A, Lissner, L, Litwin, M, Lorbeer, R, Lotufo, PA, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lunet, N, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Ma, J, Machado-Coelho, GLL, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Majer, M, Makdisse, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, R, Rao, KM, Malyutina, S, Manios, Y, Mann, JI, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Marques-Vidal, P, Marrugat, J, Martorell, R, Mathiesen, EB, Matijasevich, A, Matsha, TE, Mbanya, JCN, McDonald Posso, AJ, McFarlane, SR, McGarvey, ST, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, McNulty, BA, MdKhir, AS, Mediene-Benchekor, S, Medzioniene, J, Meirhaeghe, A, Meisinger, C, Menezes, AMB, Menon, GR, Meshram, II, Metspalu, A, Mi, J, Mikkel, K, Miller, JC, Miquel, JF, Mi igoj-Durakovic, M, Mohamed, MK, Mohammad, K, Mohammadifard, N, Mohan, V, Mohd Yusoff, MF, M ller, NC, Molnár, D, Momenan, A, Monyeki, KDK, Moreira, LB, Morejon, A, Moreno, LA, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mota, J, Motlagh, ME, Motta, J, Muiesan, ML, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Murphy, N, Mursu, J, Musil, V, Nagel, G, Naidu, BM, Nakamura, H, Náme ná, J, Nang, EEK, Nangia, VB, Narake, S, Navarrete-Mu noz, EM, Ndiaye, NC, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, ND, Nguyen, QN, Nieto-Martínez, RE, Niiranen, TJ, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Nishtar, S, Noale, M, Noboa, OA, Noorbala, AA, Norat, T, Noto, D, 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Stocks, T, Stokwiszewski, J, Stronks, K, Strufaldi, MW, Sun, C-A, Sung, Y-T, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Sy, RG, Tai, ES, Tammesoo, M-L, Tamosiunas, A, Tang, L, Tang, X, Tanser, F, Tao, Y, Tarawneh, MR, Tarqui-Mamani, CB, Taylor, A, Theobald, H, Thijs, L, Thuesen, BH, Tjonneland, A, Tolonen, HK, Tolstrup, JS, Topbas, M, Topór-Madry, R, Tormo, MJ, Torrent, M, Traissac, P, Trichopoulos, D, Trichopoulou, A, Trinh, OTH, Trivedi, A, Tshepo, L, Tulloch-Reid, MK, Tuomainen, T-P, Tuomilehto, J, Turley, ML, Tynelius, P, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ugel, E, Ulmer, H, Uusitalo, HMT, Valdivia, G, Valvi, D, van der Schouw, YT, Van Herck, K, van Rossem, L, van Valkengoed, IGM, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vatten, L, Vega, T, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Veronesi, G, Verschuren, WMM, Verstraeten, R, Victora, CG, Viet, L, Viikari-Juntura, E, Vineis, P, Vioque, J, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrdoljak, A, Vrijheid, M, Wade, AN, Wagner, A, Walton, J, Wan Mohamud, WN, Wang, M-D, Wang, Q, Wang, YX, Wannamethee, SG, Wareham, N, Wederkopp, N, Weerasekera, D, Whincup, PH, Widhalm, K, Widyahening, IS, Wiecek, A, Wijga, AH, Wilks, RJ, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Williams, EA, Wilsgaard, T, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, TY, Wong-McClure, RA, Woo, J, Wu, AG, Wu, FC, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yiallouros, PK, Yoshihara, A, Younger-Coleman, NO, Yusoff, AF, Yusoff, MFM, Zambon, S, Zdrojewski, T, Zeng, Y, Zhao, D, Zhao, W, Zheng, Y, Zhu, D, Zimmermann, E, and Cisneros, JZ
Abstract: Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure. Findings We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19·1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127·0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125·7–128·3) in men and 122·3 mm Hg (121·0–123·6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 mm Hg (77·9–79·5) for men and 76·7 mm Hg (75·9–77·6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24·1% (21·4–27·1) in men and 20·1% (17·8–22·5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in east and so
Published: 2017

11. Folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations are associated with plasma DHA and EPA fatty acids in European adolescents : the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

Author: Iglesia, I., Huybrechts, I., Gonzalez-Gross, M., Mouratidou, T., Santabarbara, J., Chajes, V., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Park, J. Y., Bel-Serrat, S., Cuenca-Garcia, M., Castillo, M., Kersting, M., Widhalm, K., De Henauw, S., Sjöström, M., Gottrand, F., Molnar, D., Manios, Y., Kafatos, A., Ferrari, M., Stehle, P., Marcos, A., Sanchez-Muniz, F. J., Moreno, L. A., Iglesia, I., Huybrechts, I., Gonzalez-Gross, M., Mouratidou, T., Santabarbara, J., Chajes, V., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Park, J. Y., Bel-Serrat, S., Cuenca-Garcia, M., Castillo, M., Kersting, M., Widhalm, K., De Henauw, S., Sjöström, M., Gottrand, F., Molnar, D., Manios, Y., Kafatos, A., Ferrari, M., Stehle, P., Marcos, A., Sanchez-Muniz, F. J., and Moreno, L. A.
Abstract: This study aimed to examine the association between vitamin B-6, folate and vitamin B-12 biomarkers and plasma fatty acids in European adolescents. A subsample from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study with valid data on B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters, and all the other covariates used in the analyses such as BMI, Diet Quality Index, education of the mother and physical activity assessed by a questionnaire, was selected resulting in 674 cases (43% males). B-vitamin biomarkers were measured by chromatography and immunoassay and fatty acids by enzymatic analyses. Linear mixed models elucidated the association between B-vitamins and fatty acid blood parameters (changes in fatty acid profiles according to change in 10 units of vitamin B biomarkers). DHA, EPA) and n-3 fatty acids showed positive associations with B-vitamin biomarkers, mainly with those corresponding to folate and vitamin B12. Contrarily, negative associations were found with n-6: n-3 ratio, trans-fatty acids and oleic: stearic ratio. With total homocysteine (tHcy), all the associations found with these parameters were opposite (for instance, an increase of 10 nmol/l in red blood cell folate or holotranscobalamin in females produces an increase of 15.85 mu mol/l of EPA (P value < 0.01), whereas an increase of 10 nmol/l of tHcy in males produces a decrease of 2.06 mu mol/l of DHA (P value < 0.05). Positive associations between B-vitamins and specific fatty acids might suggest underlying mechanisms between B-vitamins and CVD and it is worth the attention of public health policies.
Published: 2017
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12. High expectations for pelvic floor muscle training with mobile application predicts successful treatment in women with stress urinary incontinence

Author: Nyström, E., Asklund, I, Sjöström, M., Stenlund, Hans, Samuelsson, E., Nyström, E., Asklund, I, Sjöström, M., Stenlund, Hans, and Samuelsson, E.
Published: 2015

13. Treatment of stress urinary incontinence via a smartphone application : a randomised controlled trial

Author: Asklund, Ina, Nyström, E., Sjöström, M., Umefjord, Göran, Stenlund, Hans, Samuelsson, Eva, Asklund, Ina, Nyström, E., Sjöström, M., Umefjord, Göran, Stenlund, Hans, and Samuelsson, Eva
Published: 2015

14. Birth weight and blood lipid levels in Spanish adolescents: Influence of selected APOE, APOC3 and PPARgamma2 gene polymorphisms. The AVENA Study

Author: Ruiz, J.R. (Jonatan R.), Labayen, I. (Idoya), Ortega, F.B. (Francisco B.), Moreno, L.A. (Luis A.), Gonzalez-Lamuño, D. (Domingo), Marti, A. (Amelia), Nova, E. (Esther), Garcia-Fuentes, M. (Miguel), Redondo-Figuero, C. (Carlos), Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Castillo, M.J. (Manuel J.), AVENA Study Group, Ruiz, J.R. (Jonatan R.), Labayen, I. (Idoya), Ortega, F.B. (Francisco B.), Moreno, L.A. (Luis A.), Gonzalez-Lamuño, D. (Domingo), Marti, A. (Amelia), Nova, E. (Esther), Garcia-Fuentes, M. (Miguel), Redondo-Figuero, C. (Carlos), Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Castillo, M.J. (Manuel J.), and AVENA Study Group
Abstract: Background: There is increasing evidence indicating that genes involved in certain metabolic processes of cardiovascular diseases may be of particular influence in people with low body weight at birth. We examined whether the apolipoprotein (APO) E, APOC3 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-2 (PPAR gamma 2) polymorphisms influence the association between low birth weight and blood lipid levels in healthy adolescents aged 13-18.5 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 502 Spanish adolescents born at term was conducted. Total (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein (apo) A and B, and lipoprotein(a) [ Lp(a)] were measured. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), TC-HDLc, TC/HDLc and apoB/apoA were calculated. Results: Low birth weight was associated with higher levels of TC, LDLc, apoB, Lp(a), TC-HDLc, TC/HDLc and apoB/apoA in males with the APOE epsilon 3 epsilon 4 genotype, whereas in females, it was associated with lower HDLc and higher TG levels. In males with the APOC3 S1/S2 genotype, low birth weight was associated with lower apoA and higher Lp(a), yet this association was not observed in females. There were no associations between low birth weight and blood lipids in any of the PPAR gamma 2 genotypes. Conclusion: The results indicate that low birth weight has a deleterious influence on lipid profile particularly in adolescents with the APOE epsilon 3/epsilon 4 genotype. These findings suggest that intrauterine environment interact with the genetic background affecting the lipid profile in later life.
Published: 2014

15. Intake and dietary sources of haem and non-haem iron among European adolescents and their association with iron status and different lifestyle and socio-economic factors

Author: Vandevijvere, S., Michels, N., Verstraete, S., Ferrari, M., Leclercq, C., Cuenca-García, M., Grammatikaki, E., Manios, Y., Gottrand, F., Santamaría, J. V., Kersting, M., Gonzalez-Gross, M., Moreno, L., Mouratidou, T., Stevens, K., Meirhaeghe, A., Dallongeville, J., Sjöström, M., Hallstrom, Lena, Kafatos, A., Widhalm, K., Molnar, D., De Henauw, S., Huybrechts, I., Vandevijvere, S., Michels, N., Verstraete, S., Ferrari, M., Leclercq, C., Cuenca-García, M., Grammatikaki, E., Manios, Y., Gottrand, F., Santamaría, J. V., Kersting, M., Gonzalez-Gross, M., Moreno, L., Mouratidou, T., Stevens, K., Meirhaeghe, A., Dallongeville, J., Sjöström, M., Hallstrom, Lena, Kafatos, A., Widhalm, K., Molnar, D., De Henauw, S., and Huybrechts, I.
Abstract: Background/Objectives:Adolescents are at risk of iron deficiency because of their high iron requirements. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess iron intake, its determinants and its most important food sources and; (2) to evaluate the relation of iron intake and status in European adolescents. Subjects/Methods:Two non-consecutive 24-h recalls were completed by a computerised tool. The socio-demographic and socio-economic data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire. Weight and height were measured. A distinction was made between haem and non-haem iron.Results:The total iron intake was significantly higher among boys (13.8 mg/day; n=1077) than girls (11.0 mg/day; n=1253). About 97.3% of the boys and 87.8% of the girls met the estimated average requirement, and 72.4% of the boys and 13.7% of the girls met the recommendation for bio-available iron intake. The ratio of haem/non-haem iron intake was lower for girls than boys. Meat (19.2; 76%) and bread and rolls (12.6;3.9%) contributed most to total and haem iron intake. Bread and rolls (13.8%) and meat (10.8%) contributed most to non-haem iron intake. Age, sex and body mass index were associated with iron intake. Only red blood cell concentration was significantly negatively associated with total, haem and non-haem iron intake.Conclusion:Girls had lower iron intakes and ratio of haem/non-haem iron intake than boys. The main total iron and haem iron source was meat, while the main non-haem iron source was bread and rolls. Adolescent girls may be a group at risk for iron deficiency. Consequently, special attention and strategies are needed in order to improve iron intakes during adolescence.
Published: 2013
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16. Nitric oxide pathway-related gene alterations in inflammatory bowel disease

Author: Gillberg, L., Varsanyi, M., Sjöström, M., Lördal, M., Lindholm, J., Hellström, Per M., Gillberg, L., Varsanyi, M., Sjöström, M., Lördal, M., Lindholm, J., and Hellström, Per M.
Abstract: Objective: To reveal specific gene activation in nitric oxide (NO)-related inflammation we studied differential gene expression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods. Total RNA was isolated from 20 biopsies of inflamed mucosa from Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients each as well as from six controls, labeled with 32P-dCTP and hybridized to a human NO gene array. Significant genes were analyzed for functional gene interactions and heatmaps generated by hierarchical clustering. A selection of differentially expressed genes was further evaluated with immunohistochemical staining. Results. Significant gene expression differences were found for 19 genes in CD and 23 genes in UC compared to controls, both diseases with high expression of ICAM1 and IL-8. Correlation between microarray expression and corresponding protein expression was significant (r 0.47, p 0.002). Clustering analysis together with functional gene interaction analysis revealed clusters of coregulation and coexpression in CD and UC: transcripts involved in angiogenesis, inflammatory response mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1, and tissue fibrosis. Also, a fourth cluster with transcripts regulated by the transcription factor Sp1 was found in UC. Conclusions. Expression analysis in CD and UC revealed disease-specific regulation of NO-related genes, which might be involved in perpetuating inflammatory disease activity in IBD.
Published: 2012
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17. Perceived 3D TV transmission quality assessment: Multi-laboratory results using Absolute Category Rating on Quality of Experience scale

Author: Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, Le Callet, P, Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, and Le Callet, P
Published: 2012

18. Perceived 3D TV transmission quality assessment: Multi-laboratory results using Absolute Category Rating on Quality of Experience scale

Author: Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, Le Callet, P, Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, and Le Callet, P
Published: 2012

19. Internet-based treatment of stress urinary incontinence : a randomised controlled study

Author: Sjöström, M, Umefjord, Göran, Stenlund, H, Carlbring, Per, Andersson, G, Samuelsson, Eva, Sjöström, M, Umefjord, Göran, Stenlund, H, Carlbring, Per, Andersson, G, and Samuelsson, Eva
Published: 2012

20. Perceived 3D TV transmission quality assessment: Multi-laboratory results using Absolute Category Rating on Quality of Experience scale

Author: Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, Le Callet, P, Wang, K, Barkowsky, M, Brunnström, Kjell, Sjöström, M, Cousseau, R, and Le Callet, P
Published: 2012

21. Exploring the potential of MODIS EVI for modeling gross primary production across African ecosystems

Author: Sjöström, M, Ardö, J, Arneth, A, Boulain, N, Cappelaere, B, Eklundh, L, de Grandcourt, A, Kutsch, WL, Merbold, L, Nouvellon, Y, Scholes, RJ, Schubert, P, Seaquist, J, Veenendaal, EM, Sjöström, M, Ardö, J, Arneth, A, Boulain, N, Cappelaere, B, Eklundh, L, de Grandcourt, A, Kutsch, WL, Merbold, L, Nouvellon, Y, Scholes, RJ, Schubert, P, Seaquist, J, and Veenendaal, EM
Abstract: One of themost frequently appliedmethods for integrating controls on primary production through satellite data is the light use efficiency (LUE) approach, which links vegetation gross or net primary productivity (GPP or NPP) to remotely sensed estimates of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR). Eddy covariance towers provide continuousmeasurements of carbon flux, presenting an opportunity for evaluation of satellite estimates of GPP. Here we investigate relationships between eddy covariance estimated GPP, environmental variables derived fromflux towers,Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and GPP across African savanna ecosystems.MODIS GPP was found to underestimate GPP at themajority of sites, particularly at sites in the Sahel. EVIwas found to correlate well with estimated GPP on a site-by-site basis. Combining EVI with tower-measured PAR and evaporative fraction (EF, ameasure ofwater sufficiency) improved the direct relationship betweenGPP and EVI at themajority of the sites. The slope of this relationshipwas strongly related to site peak leaf area index (LAI). These results are promising for the extension of GPP through the use of remote sensing data to a regional or even continental scale. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Published: 2011

22. Exploring the potential of MODIS EVI for modeling gross primary production across African ecosystems

Author: Sjöström, M, Ardö, J, Arneth, A, Boulain, N, Cappelaere, B, Eklundh, L, de Grandcourt, A, Kutsch, WL, Merbold, L, Nouvellon, Y, Scholes, RJ, Schubert, P, Seaquist, J, Veenendaal, EM, Sjöström, M, Ardö, J, Arneth, A, Boulain, N, Cappelaere, B, Eklundh, L, de Grandcourt, A, Kutsch, WL, Merbold, L, Nouvellon, Y, Scholes, RJ, Schubert, P, Seaquist, J, and Veenendaal, EM
Abstract: One of themost frequently appliedmethods for integrating controls on primary production through satellite data is the light use efficiency (LUE) approach, which links vegetation gross or net primary productivity (GPP or NPP) to remotely sensed estimates of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR). Eddy covariance towers provide continuousmeasurements of carbon flux, presenting an opportunity for evaluation of satellite estimates of GPP. Here we investigate relationships between eddy covariance estimated GPP, environmental variables derived fromflux towers,Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and GPP across African savanna ecosystems.MODIS GPP was found to underestimate GPP at themajority of sites, particularly at sites in the Sahel. EVIwas found to correlate well with estimated GPP on a site-by-site basis. Combining EVI with tower-measured PAR and evaporative fraction (EF, ameasure ofwater sufficiency) improved the direct relationship betweenGPP and EVI at themajority of the sites. The slope of this relationshipwas strongly related to site peak leaf area index (LAI). These results are promising for the extension of GPP through the use of remote sensing data to a regional or even continental scale. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Published: 2011

23. Congestion road tax and physical activity

Author: Bergman, Patrick, Grjibovski, A. M., Hagströmer, M., Patterson, E., Sjöström, M., Bergman, Patrick, Grjibovski, A. M., Hagströmer, M., Patterson, E., and Sjöström, M.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Large-scale policy and environmental changes, such as congestion road taxes, may be a way to promote active transportation. PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the potential effect of a congestion road tax on physical activity. METHODS: Baseline data were collected during October-November 2003, follow-up data in May 2006, and analysis was performed in September 2008. The short self-administered version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity. Data from those with access to motorized vehicles in the Stockholm region (n=165), where the tax was in place, were compared with those from the Goteborg/Malmo regions (n=138). Within each region before and during the road tax implementation, the data were analyzed for differences in time spent at different intensity levels of physical activity, in addition to sitting, as well as for changes in reported time in overall (weighted) physical activity. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the magnitude of the changes of the intensity levels of physical activity, weighted overall physical activity, or sitting, between Stockholm and Goteborg/Malmo. Among those exposed to the congestion road tax and with access to motorized vehicles, an increase in moderate physical activity (p=0.036); overall physical activity (p=0.015); and a reduction in time spent sitting (p=0.009) was observed. No differences were observed among those unexposed. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study on the influence of a congestion road tax on levels of physical activity, though inconclusive, suggest that policy changes such as a congestion road tax might promote improvements in physical activity levels in individuals with motorized vehicles.
Published: 2010
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24. Recommended levels of physical activity to avoid an excess of body fat in European adolescents: the HELENA Study.

Author: Martínez-Gómez, David, Marcos, Ascensión, Sjöström, M, Martínez-Gómez, David, Marcos, Ascensión, and Sjöström, M
Abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unclear how much physical activity is necessary to prevent obesity during adolescence. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the current physical activity guidelines for youth are associated with a lower risk of excess of body fat in European adolescents. METHODS: A sample of 2094 adolescents from the HELENA cross-sectional study was selected. Levels of moderate, vigorous, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were assessed using accelerometers. BMI and percentage of body fat (skinfolds) were calculated and used to categorize the adolescents as normal-weight/normal-fat, overweight/overfat, and obese. Data were collected during 2006-2007. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, performed in 2009, was used to determine thresholds that best discriminate between weight and body fat categories. RESULTS: ROC analysis showed that >/=18 minutes/day in vigorous physical activity and >/=55 minutes/day in MVPA significantly discriminated between normal-weight and overweight+obesity categories. Moreover, >/=9 minutes/day of vigorous physical activity and >/=49 minutes/day of MVPA discriminated between normal-fat and overfat/obese adolescents. Adolescents who did not meet the current physical activity guidelines for youth of 60 minutes/day in MVPA increased the risk of having overweight+obesity (OR=1.24, 95% CI=1.01, 1.534) and overfat+obesity (OR=1.79, 95% CI=1.33, 2.42). ORs increased when adolescents did not meet the guidelines of at least 15 minutes/day in vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Current physical activity guidelines seem to be appropriate to prevent excess of body fat in European adolescents. However, participation in vigorous physical activity might have additional importance in preventing obesity. 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010

25. Modelling to assess policy instruments

Author: Ekvall, T, Björklund, A, Eriksson, Ola, Östblom, G, Sjöström, M, Stenmarck, Å, Sundqvist, J-O, Ekvall, T, Björklund, A, Eriksson, Ola, Östblom, G, Sjöström, M, Stenmarck, Å, and Sundqvist, J-O
Abstract: Hållbar avfallshantering
Published: 2009

26. An integrated concept for assessing policy instruments for a more sustainable waste management

Author: Ljunggren Söderman, M, Björklund, A, Ekvall, T, Eriksson, Ola, Östblom, G, Sjöström, M, Stenmarck, Å, Sundqvist, J-O, Ljunggren Söderman, M, Björklund, A, Ekvall, T, Eriksson, Ola, Östblom, G, Sjöström, M, Stenmarck, Å, and Sundqvist, J-O
Abstract: Hållbar avfallshantering
Published: 2009

27. Profile of physical activity behaviors among Swedish women aged 56-75 years.

Author: Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, Wolk, A, Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, and Wolk, A
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess profiles of physical activity (PA) behavior using accelerometers among middle-aged and elderly women in free-living conditions. A subset of 133 women aged 56-75 years from the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort with valid accelerometer data was included in the analysis. The proportion of women who met the PA recommendation of accumulating 30 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), in either one continuous bout or several shorter bouts lasting 8-10 min, on five or more days/week was 31%. The precision of mean daily estimates of MVPA and of inactivity based on 7 days monitoring was 0.80 and 0.86, respectively. On average, participants spent 103 min/day on MVPA, but only about a third of that time was accumulated in the recommended pattern of bouts lasting at least 8-10 min. Obese women had, on average, one bout of MVPA less than normal-weight women (mean 3.6 bouts/day). The mean MVPA decreased 10 min/day with every 5-year increase in age. A low proportion of women accumulated MVPA in the pattern recommended for health benefits. The proportion would increase considerably if women maintained their current amount of MVPA but increased the duration of each bout of MVPA.
Published: 2008
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28. Validity of self-reported total physical activity questionnaire among older women

Author: Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, Wolk, A, Wolk, A., BELLOCCO, RINO, Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, Wolk, A, Wolk, A., and BELLOCCO, RINO
Abstract: Aim of this study was to assess the validity of a short self-administered physical activity questionnaire, intended to measure past year total daily physical activity, by comparison with activity records and accelerometers. Over a 1-year period, data from a questionnaire, 7-day activity records and accelerometers were obtained from a subset of 116 women between the ages of 56 and 75 years from the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort. We estimated concordance correlations as measure of validity, deattenuated for intraindividual variation in the reference method. Deattenuated concordance correlations comparing total daily activity measured by the questionnaire with the accelerometers and the records were 0.38 (95% CI: 0.22-0.54) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.45-0.83), respectively. Validity of leisure-time activity (walking/bicycling and exercise) and inactivity (watching TV/reading) estimates comparing the records with the questionnaire were 0.42 (95% CI: 0.22-0.62) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.36-0.69), respectively. These data indicate that the average past year total physical activity, leisure-time activity and inactivity can be estimated with a reasonable validity using our short self-administered questionnaire. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Published: 2008

29. Profile of physical activity behaviors among Swedish women aged 56-75 years

Author: Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, Wolk, A, Wolk, A., BELLOCCO, RINO, Orsini, N, Bellocco, R, Bottai, M, Hagströmer, M, Sjöström, M, Pagano, M, Wolk, A, Wolk, A., and BELLOCCO, RINO
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess profiles of physical activity (PA) behavior using accelerometers among middle-aged and elderly women in free-living conditions. A subset of 133 women aged 56-75 years from the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort with valid accelerometer data was included in the analysis. The proportion of women who met the PA recommendation of accumulating 30 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), in either one continuous bout or several shorter bouts lasting 8-10 min, on five or more days/week was 31%. The precision of mean daily estimates of MVPA and of inactivity based on 7 days monitoring was 0.80 and 0.86, respectively. On average, participants spent 103 min/day on MVPA, but only about a third of that time was accumulated in the recommended pattern of bouts lasting at least 8-10 min. Obese women had, on average, one bout of MVPA less than normal-weight women (mean 3.6 bouts/day). The mean MVPA decreased 10 min/day with every 5-year increase in age. A low proportion of women accumulated MVPA in the pattern recommended for health benefits. The proportion would increase considerably if women maintained their current amount of MVPA but increased the duration of each bout of MVPA.
Published: 2008

30. A Bidialectal Experiment on Voice Identification

Author: Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Sjöström, M, Eriksson, E J, Sullivan, K P H, Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Sjöström, M, Eriksson, E J, and Sullivan, K P H
Published: 2008

31. Binding specificities of the GYF domains from two Saccharomyces cerevisiae paralogs

Author: Georgiev, A., Sjöström, M., Wieslander, Å., Georgiev, A., Sjöström, M., and Wieslander, Å.
Abstract: Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7764
Published: 2007

32. Prevalence and trends in adult-type hypolactasia in different age cohorts in Central Sweden diagnosed by genotyping for the adult-type hypolactasia-linked LCT -13910C > T mutation.

Author: Almon, R, Engfeldt, P, Tysk, Curt, Sjöström, M, Nilsson, TK, Almon, R, Engfeldt, P, Tysk, Curt, Sjöström, M, and Nilsson, TK
Abstract: Objective. Adult-type hypolactasia (AtH) can be diagnosed by genotyping in addition to functional tests or intestinal biopsy. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of AtH by genotyping and to investigate whether AtH prevalence has changed in Sweden during the 20th century. Material and methods. Schoolchildren (n=690) born in 1983 and 1989, and elderly individuals (n=392) born between 1920 and 1932 were genotyped for AtH using Pyrosequencing technology. Results. The overall prevalence of AtH among children was 14.1%. The majority of children (92%, n=635) were Caucasians with genotype prevalences: CC, 61 (10%); CT, 259 (41%); TT, 307 (49%). The frequency of the mutated allele q was 0.300 in this cohort. The prevalence of AtH estimated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) (q 2), was 9.0% (95% CI: 6.7-11.2%). Eight percent (n=55) of the children were non-Caucasian; genotype prevalences were CC, 36 (66%); CT, 15 (27%); TT, 4 (7%). The prevalence of AtH in these children estimated from HWE was 62.5% (95% CI: 49.7-75.3%). The elderly subjects were all Caucasians. Their genotype prevalences were: CC, 20 (5%); CT, 166 (42%); TT, 206 (53%); the frequency of the mutated allele q was 0.262 and their AtH prevalence estimated from HWE was 6.8% (95% CI: 4.3-9.2%). Conclusions. The overall prevalence of AtH in children (14%) was higher than previously thought. Among Caucasians, higher figures were seen in children than in the elderly (9% versus 6.8%). The prevalence thus seems to be increasing and this may be due to the immigration of both non-Caucasian and Caucasian groups with a higher prevalence of AtH.
Published: 2007
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33. A Switch of Dialect as Disguise

Author: Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Sjöström, M, Eriksson, E J, Sullivan, K P H, Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Sjöström, M, Eriksson, E J, and Sullivan, K P H
Published: 2006

34. Previous days’ weather could determine the expression of the PsbS-gene

Author: Külheim, Carsten, Keskitalo, Johanna, Wissel, Kirsten, Sjöström, M, Jansson, Stefan, Külheim, Carsten, Keskitalo, Johanna, Wissel, Kirsten, Sjöström, M, and Jansson, Stefan
Published: 2005

35. Large social disparities in spontaneous preterm birth rates in transitional Russia

Author: Grjibovski, A M, Bygren, Lars Olov, Yngve, Agneta, Sjöström, M, Grjibovski, A M, Bygren, Lars Olov, Yngve, Agneta, and Sjöström, M
Abstract: Objective. This study estimated the effect of maternal sociodemographic, obstetric and lifestyle factors on the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in a Russian town. Methods. All women with singleton pregnancies registered at prenatal care centres in Severodvinsk in 1999 comprised the cohort for this study (n = 1559). Analysis was based on spontaneous live singleton births at the maternity home (n=1103). Muttivariable logistic regression was applied to quantify the effect of the studied factors on the risk of preterm birth. Differences in gestation duration were studied using multiple Linear regression. Results. In total, 5.6% of all spontaneous births were preterm. Increased risks of preterm delivery were found in women with lower Levels of education and in students. Placental complications, stress and a history of fetal death in previous pregnancies were also associated with elevated risks for preterm delivery. Smoking, hypertension and multigravidity were associated with reduced length of pregnancy in metric form. Conclusion. In addition to medical risk factors, social factors are important determinants of preterm birth in transitional Russia. Large disparities in preterm birth rates may reflect the level of inequalities in transitional Russia. Social variations in pregnancy outcomes should be monitored.
Published: 2005
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36. Fruit and vegetable intake in a sample of 11-year-old children in 9 European countries: The pro children cross-sectional survey

Author: Yngve, A. (Agneta), Wolf, A. (Anneke) de, Poortvliet, E. (Eric), Elmadfa, I. (Ibrahim), Brug, J. (Hans), Ehrenblad, B. (Bettina), Franchini, S., Haraldsdóttir, J. (Jóhanna), Krølner, R. (Rikke), Maes, L. (Lea), Perez Rodrigo, C. (C.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Thorsdottir, I. (Inga), Klepp, K.I. (Knut-Inge), Yngve, A. (Agneta), Wolf, A. (Anneke) de, Poortvliet, E. (Eric), Elmadfa, I. (Ibrahim), Brug, J. (Hans), Ehrenblad, B. (Bettina), Franchini, S., Haraldsdóttir, J. (Jóhanna), Krølner, R. (Rikke), Maes, L. (Lea), Perez Rodrigo, C. (C.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Thorsdottir, I. (Inga), and Klepp, K.I. (Knut-Inge)
Abstract: Background/Aims: An adequate fruit and vegetable intake provides essential nutrients and nutritive compounds and is considered an important part of a healthy lifestyle. No simple instrument has been available for the assessment of fruit and vegetable intake as well as its determinants in school-aged children applicable in different European countries. Within the Pro Children Project, such an instrument has been developed. This paper describes the cross-sectional survey in 11-year-olds in 9 countries. Methods: The cross-sectional survey used nationally, and in 2 countries regionally, representative samples of schools and classes. The questionnaires, including a precoded 24-hour recall component and a food frequency part, were completed in the classroom. Data were treated using common syntax files for portion sizes and for merging of vegetable types into four subgroups. Results: The results show that the fruit and vegetable intake in amounts and choice were highly diverse in the 9 participating countries. Vegetable intake was in general lower than fruit intake, boys consumed less fruit and vegetables than girls did. The highest total intake according to the 24-hour recall was found in Austria and Portugal, the lowest in Spain and Iceland. Conclusion: The fruit and vegetable intake in 11-year-old children was in all countries far from reaching population goals and food-based dietary guidelines on national and international levels. Copyright
Published: 2005
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37. Perceived age: a distractor for voice disguise and speaker identification?

Author: Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Eriksson, E, Green, J, Sjöström, M, Sullivan, K P H, Zetterholm, Elisabeth, Eriksson, E, Green, J, Sjöström, M, and Sullivan, K P H
Published: 2004

38. Physical activity monitoring in Europe : the European physical activity surveillance system (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing.

Author: Rütten,, A., Vuillemin, A., Ooijendijk, W. T. M., Schena, F., Sjöström, M., Stahl, T., Vanden Auweele, Y., Welshman, John, Ziemainz, H., Rütten,, A., Vuillemin, A., Ooijendijk, W. T. M., Schena, F., Sjöström, M., Stahl, T., Vanden Auweele, Y., Welshman, John, and Ziemainz, H.
Abstract: Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to describe the approach and specific findings of the European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) research project. In particular, the analysis presented aims at testing the reliability, comparability and predictive power of different sets of physical activity (PA) indicators. Design: First, a panel study based on computer-aided telephone interview (CATI) was designed to report PA data of a representative, selected group of about 100 persons per country at three points in time. Second, a CATI time series survey was carried out with the goal of realising about 100 interviews per month over six consecutive months. Setting: The project was carried out in eight European countries to support the development of the European Union's (EU) Health Monitoring Programme. Subjects: Random population samples (subjects aged 18 years and older) were drawn from each participating country. Results: While many PA indicators used in EU countries to date as well as the psychosocial and environmental measures tested in the present study had acceptable to good reliability coefficients, the test–retest reliability scores of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) version tested (the short (last 7 days) telephone interview IPAQ; IPAQ-S7T) were rather low. The comparability between extant national PA items and the IPAQ-S7T was low for all countries. The strongest predictors of perceived health were the psychosocial and environmental PA indicators. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, more research is needed to further investigate and improve the quality of the IPAQ. In addition, the specific predictive power of the tested psychosocial and environmental PA indicators on perceived health should be of particular interest for designing health surveillance activities in the future.
Published: 2003

39. Physical activity monitoring in Europe : the European physical activity surveillance system (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing.

Author: Rütten,, A., Vuillemin, A., Ooijendijk, W. T. M., Schena, F., Sjöström, M., Stahl, T., Vanden Auweele, Y., Welshman, John, Ziemainz, H., Rütten,, A., Vuillemin, A., Ooijendijk, W. T. M., Schena, F., Sjöström, M., Stahl, T., Vanden Auweele, Y., Welshman, John, and Ziemainz, H.
Abstract: Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to describe the approach and specific findings of the European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) research project. In particular, the analysis presented aims at testing the reliability, comparability and predictive power of different sets of physical activity (PA) indicators. Design: First, a panel study based on computer-aided telephone interview (CATI) was designed to report PA data of a representative, selected group of about 100 persons per country at three points in time. Second, a CATI time series survey was carried out with the goal of realising about 100 interviews per month over six consecutive months. Setting: The project was carried out in eight European countries to support the development of the European Union's (EU) Health Monitoring Programme. Subjects: Random population samples (subjects aged 18 years and older) were drawn from each participating country. Results: While many PA indicators used in EU countries to date as well as the psychosocial and environmental measures tested in the present study had acceptable to good reliability coefficients, the test–retest reliability scores of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) version tested (the short (last 7 days) telephone interview IPAQ; IPAQ-S7T) were rather low. The comparability between extant national PA items and the IPAQ-S7T was low for all countries. The strongest predictors of perceived health were the psychosocial and environmental PA indicators. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, more research is needed to further investigate and improve the quality of the IPAQ. In addition, the specific predictive power of the tested psychosocial and environmental PA indicators on perceived health should be of particular interest for designing health surveillance activities in the future.
Published: 2003

40. A european master's programme in public health nutrition

Author: Yngve, Agneta, Warm, D, Landman, J, Sjöström, M, Yngve, Agneta, Warm, D, Landman, J, and Sjöström, M
Abstract: Effective population-based strategies require people trained and competent in the discipline of Public Health Nutrition. Since 1997, a European Master's Programme in Public Health Nutrition has been undergoing planning and implementation, by establishing initial quality assurance systems with the aid of funding from the European Commission (DG SANCO/F3). Partners from 17 European countries have been involved in the process. A European Network of Public Health Nutrition has been developed and accredited by the European Commission.
Published: 2001

41. A european master's programme in public health nutrition

Author: Yngve, Agneta, Warm, D, Landman, J, Sjöström, M, Yngve, Agneta, Warm, D, Landman, J, and Sjöström, M
Abstract: Effective population-based strategies require people trained and competent in the discipline of Public Health Nutrition. Since 1997, a European Master's Programme in Public Health Nutrition has been undergoing planning and implementation, by establishing initial quality assurance systems with the aid of funding from the European Commission (DG SANCO/F3). Partners from 17 European countries have been involved in the process. A European Network of Public Health Nutrition has been developed and accredited by the European Commission.
Published: 2001
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42. A four week residential program for primary health care patients to control obesity and related heart risk factors : effective application of principles of learning and lifestyle change

Author: Sjöström, M, Karlsson, A B, Kaati, G, Yngve, Agneta, Green, L W, Bygren, L O, Sjöström, M, Karlsson, A B, Kaati, G, Yngve, Agneta, Green, L W, and Bygren, L O
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the short and long-term effectiveness of a four week residential program for primary health care patients to control obesity and related risk factors for cardio-vascular disease (CVD), especially blood pressure (BP). DESIGN: Prospective clinical study, with follow up after 1 and 5 y. SETTING: Vindeln Patient Education Centre, Vindeln, and Department of Social Medicine, University of Umea, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Approximately 2500 individuals, with two or more of the traditional risk factors for CVD, participated in the program. This report describes a subsample of 100 consecutive patients, 52+/-9 y, 53 men, with obesity and/or high BP. Intervention: Four week residential program with lectures and group discussions as well as practical sessions in smaller groups (meal preparations, physical exercise, etc). The patients were followed-up medically in their home area. OUTCOME MEASURES: Weight and blood pressure. RESULTS: Dramatic reductions of weight and, especially, of blood pressure (BP) occurred during the residential weeks, and the reductions were pronounced also after 1 y. After 5 y, the total mean weight among men with initial BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 was still 5 kg lower, and diastolic and systolic BP among those with hypertension was 15 and 20 mm Hg lower, respectively, than before the program. CONCLUSIONS: The full-time participation in the residential program and the enrollment and commitment of the patients may explain the clinical outcome. A level of predisposition greater than that required of most weight- and BP-control programs was confirmed and a great preventive or therapeutic potential was indicated. The study illustrates an effective application of the Precede-Proceed model of health promotion planning.
Published: 1999
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43. A four week residential program for primary health care patients to control obesity and related heart risk factors : effective application of principles of learning and lifestyle change

Author: Sjöström, M, Karlsson, A B, Kaati, G, Yngve, Agneta, Green, L W, Bygren, L O, Sjöström, M, Karlsson, A B, Kaati, G, Yngve, Agneta, Green, L W, and Bygren, L O
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the short and long-term effectiveness of a four week residential program for primary health care patients to control obesity and related risk factors for cardio-vascular disease (CVD), especially blood pressure (BP). DESIGN: Prospective clinical study, with follow up after 1 and 5 y. SETTING: Vindeln Patient Education Centre, Vindeln, and Department of Social Medicine, University of Umea, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Approximately 2500 individuals, with two or more of the traditional risk factors for CVD, participated in the program. This report describes a subsample of 100 consecutive patients, 52+/-9 y, 53 men, with obesity and/or high BP. Intervention: Four week residential program with lectures and group discussions as well as practical sessions in smaller groups (meal preparations, physical exercise, etc). The patients were followed-up medically in their home area. OUTCOME MEASURES: Weight and blood pressure. RESULTS: Dramatic reductions of weight and, especially, of blood pressure (BP) occurred during the residential weeks, and the reductions were pronounced also after 1 y. After 5 y, the total mean weight among men with initial BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 was still 5 kg lower, and diastolic and systolic BP among those with hypertension was 15 and 20 mm Hg lower, respectively, than before the program. CONCLUSIONS: The full-time participation in the residential program and the enrollment and commitment of the patients may explain the clinical outcome. A level of predisposition greater than that required of most weight- and BP-control programs was confirmed and a great preventive or therapeutic potential was indicated. The study illustrates an effective application of the Precede-Proceed model of health promotion planning.
Published: 1999
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44. MEIC evaluation of acute systemic toxicity - Part III. In vitro results from 16 additional methods used to test the first 30 reference chemicals and a comparative cytotoxicity analysis

Author: Clemedson, C., Barile, F.A., Ekwall, B., Gómez-Lechón, M.J., Hall, T., Imai, K., Kahru, A., Logemann, P., Monaco, F., Ohno, T., Segner, H., Sjöström, M., Valentino, M., Walum, E., Wang, X.H., Clemedson, C., Barile, F.A., Ekwall, B., Gómez-Lechón, M.J., Hall, T., Imai, K., Kahru, A., Logemann, P., Monaco, F., Ohno, T., Segner, H., Sjöström, M., Valentino, M., Walum, E., and Wang, X.H.
Abstract: Results from tests on the first 30 MEIC reference chemicals in 16 different systems are presented as a prerequisite to the subsequent in vitro/in vivo comparisons of acute toxicity data, i.e. the final MEIC evaluation of all test results of the study. The study is a supplement to the previously published results from 68 methods (including methods 45B and 46B [old numbers]) used to test the same set of chemicals. The strategies and methods of the preceding paper were employed to enable a comparative cytotoxicity analysis of the results from these 68 methods and from the 16 new methods to be made. Principal components analysis (PCA) of 82 assays demonstrated a dominating first component which described as much as 83% of the variance in the toxicity data. This remarkable similarity of all toxicity data was the main finding of the present study, and confirmed the results of the previous study with a less-extensive database. Also, the influence on the general variability of results of several key methodological factors was evaluated by analysis of selected sets of data, including linear regression of the results of pairs of methods, which were similar in all respects except for the factor under analysis. This analysis of the same 82 assays as before also confirmed previous results from the 68 assay database: a) the toxicities of a third of the chemicals increased considerably with exposure time; b) in general, cytotoxicity for human cells was well predicted by cytotoxicity tests with animal cells; c) this prediction was poor for two chemicals, i.e. digoxin and malathion; d) prediction of human cytotoxicity by ecotoxicological tests was only fairly good; e) 25 comparisons of similar assays employing different cell lines showed strikingly similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.86); f) 22 comparisons of similar pairs of assays employing different primary cultures and cell lines also revealed similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.79); and g) 15 comparisons of similar assays with differen
Published: 1998

45. MEIC evaluation of acute systemic toxicity - Part IV. In vitro results from 67 toxicity assays used to test reference chemicals 31-50 and a comparative cytotoxicity analysis

Author: Clemedson, C., Andersson, M., Aoki, Y., Barile, F.A., Bassi, A.M., Calleja, M.C., Castano, A., Clothier, R.H., Dierickx, P., Ekwall, B., Ferro, M., Fiskesjö, G., Garza-Ocanas, L., Gómez-Lechón, M.J., Gülden, M., Hall, T., Imai, K., Isomaa, B., Kahru, A., Kerszman, G., Kjellstrand, P., Kristen, U., Kunimoto, M., Kärenlampi, S., Lewan, L., Lilius, H., Loukianov, A., Monaco, F., Ohno, T., Persoone, G., Romert, L., Sawyer, T.W., Segner, H., Seibert, H., Shrivastava, R., Sjöström, M., Stammati, A., Tanaka, N., Thuvander, A., Torres-Alanis, O., Valentino, M., Wakuri, S., Walum, E., Wang, X.H., Wieslander, A., Zucco, F., Clemedson, C., Andersson, M., Aoki, Y., Barile, F.A., Bassi, A.M., Calleja, M.C., Castano, A., Clothier, R.H., Dierickx, P., Ekwall, B., Ferro, M., Fiskesjö, G., Garza-Ocanas, L., Gómez-Lechón, M.J., Gülden, M., Hall, T., Imai, K., Isomaa, B., Kahru, A., Kerszman, G., Kjellstrand, P., Kristen, U., Kunimoto, M., Kärenlampi, S., Lewan, L., Lilius, H., Loukianov, A., Monaco, F., Ohno, T., Persoone, G., Romert, L., Sawyer, T.W., Segner, H., Seibert, H., Shrivastava, R., Sjöström, M., Stammati, A., Tanaka, N., Thuvander, A., Torres-Alanis, O., Valentino, M., Wakuri, S., Walum, E., Wang, X.H., Wieslander, A., and Zucco, F.
Abstract: Results from tests on the Multicentre Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) reference chemicals 31–50 in 67 different in vitro toxicity assays are presented in this paper as a prerequisite to in vitro/in vivo comparisons for all MEIC in vitro toxicity data in forthcoming papers, i.e. the final MEIC evaluation of the relevance of the tests. With the aim of increasing knowledge about the relative significance of some in vitro methodological factors, the strategies and methods of the preceding parts in the MEIC series (Parts II and III) were again employed to enable comparative cytotoxicity analysis of the new in vitro results presented in this paper. A principal components analysis (PCA) of the results from tests of the 20 chemicals in 67 assays demonstrated a dominating first component describing as much as 74% of the variance in the toxicity data, indicating a similar ranking of the cytotoxicities of the chemicals in most of the tests. The influence on the general variability of the results of a few, key methodological factors was also evaluated by using linear regression comparisons of the results of all pairs of methods available in the study, i.e. methods which were similar in all respects except for the factor being analysed. Results from this “random probe” analysis were: a) the cytotoxicities of 11 of the 20 chemicals increased considerably with exposure time (> 10 times over 4–168 hours); b) in general, human cell line toxicity was well predicted by cytotoxicity in animal cells; c) prediction of human cell line toxicity by most ecotoxicological tests was only fairly good; d) 14 comparisons of similar assays with different cell lines showed similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.83); e) nine comparisons of similar assays employing different primary cultures and cell lines shared similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.71); and f) 16 comparisons of similar assays with different growth/viability endpoints showed similar toxicities (mean R2 = 0.71). Results b, d, e
Published: 1998

46. Random Error Bias in Principal Component Analysis .1. Derivation of Theoretical Predictions

Author: Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., Kateman, G., Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., and Kateman, G.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 29345.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 1995

47. Random Error Bias in Principal Component Analysis .2. Application of Theoretical Predictions to Multivariate Problems

Author: Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., Kateman, G., Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., and Kateman, G.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 29346.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 1995

48. Random Error Bias in Principal Component Analysis .1. Derivation of Theoretical Predictions

Author: Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., Kateman, G., Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., and Kateman, G.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 29345.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 1995

49. Random Error Bias in Principal Component Analysis .2. Application of Theoretical Predictions to Multivariate Problems

Author: Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., Kateman, G., Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., and Kateman, G.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 29346.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 1995

50. Random Error Bias in Principal Component Analysis .2. Application of Theoretical Predictions to Multivariate Problems

Author: Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., Kateman, G., Faber, N.M., Meinders, M.J., Geladi, P., Sjöström, M., Buydens, L.M.C., and Kateman, G.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 29346.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
Published: 1995

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