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Lateral ankle sprains are the most common injuries in indoor and court sports, with ankle inversion being a primary injury driver. Stabilising the ankle during multidirectional changes is crucial for injury prevention. Conversely, increased shoe stiffness has been hypothesised to influence the magnitude of ankle inversion and may raise the risk for ankle injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of shoe longitudinal bending stiffness on ankle biomechanics during indoor and court sport-specific cutting movements. Biomechanical data from 19 participants were collected using a motion capture system and force plate. A jump-cut protocol with two different cutting directions after landing was performed in indoor shoes with and without carbon plate inserts of varying stiffness. Ankle kinematics and kinetics were analysed with statistical parametric mapping and repeated measures analysis of variance. A significant increase in ankle inversion during the 180° cut and a reduction in forefoot inversion (foot torsion) for stiffer footwear conditions during both the 45° and 180° cut were observed. While dorsiflexion moments differed during the last 10% of ground contact, ankle inversion moments did not significantly diverge between shoe conditions. Furthermore, a noteworthy correlation between footwear longitudinal bending stiffness and torsional stiffness was identified. In conclusion, increased bending stiffness significantly affected ankle and foot kinematics. The ankle compensated for restricted mobility and higher demands during high-degree jump-cuts, while foot torsion played a more prominent role in low-degree cuts. The heightened ankle inversion during high-degree cuts may induce an elevated risk for lateral ankle sprains. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to comprehensively understand injury incidence and the role of shoe stiffness in injury prevention.

Lateral ankle sprains are the most common injuries in indoor and court sports, with ankle inversion being a primary injury driver. Stabilising the ankle during multidirectional changes is crucial for injury prevention. Conversely, increased shoe stiffness has been hypothesised to influence the magnitude of ankle inversion and may raise the risk for ankle injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of shoe longitudinal bending stiffness on ankle biomechanics during indoor and court sport-specific cutting movements. Biomechanical data from 19 participants were collected using a motion capture system and force plate. A jump-cut protocol with two different cutting directions after landing was performed in indoor shoes with and without carbon plate inserts of varying stiffness. Ankle kinematics and kinetics were analysed with statistical parametric mapping and repeated measures analysis of variance. A significant increase in ankle inversion during the 180° cut and a reduction in forefoot inversion (foot torsion) for stiffer footwear conditions during both the 45° and 180° cut were observed. While dorsiflexion moments differed during the last 10% of ground contact, ankle inversion moments did not significantly diverge between shoe conditions. Furthermore, a noteworthy correlation between footwear longitudinal bending stiffness and torsional stiffness was identified. In conclusion, increased bending stiffness significantly affected ankle and foot kinematics. The ankle compensated for restricted mobility and higher demands during high-degree jump-cuts, while foot torsion played a more prominent role in low-degree cuts. The heightened ankle inversion during high-degree cuts may induce an elevated risk for lateral ankle sprains. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to comprehensively understand injury incidence and the role of shoe stiffness in injury prevention.

Lateral ankle sprains are the most common injuries in indoor and court sports, with ankle inversion being a primary injury driver. Stabilising the ankle during multidirectional changes is crucial for injury prevention. Conversely, increased shoe stiffness has been hypothesised to influence the magnitude of ankle inversion and may raise the risk for ankle injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of shoe longitudinal bending stiffness on ankle biomechanics during indoor and court sport-specific cutting movements. Biomechanical data from 19 participants were collected using a motion capture system and force plate. A jump-cut protocol with two different cutting directions after landing was performed in indoor shoes with and without carbon plate inserts of varying stiffness. Ankle kinematics and kinetics were analysed with statistical parametric mapping and repeated measures analysis of variance. A significant increase in ankle inversion during the 180° cut and a reduction in forefoot inversion (foot torsion) for stiffer footwear conditions during both the 45° and 180° cut were observed. While dorsiflexion moments differed during the last 10% of ground contact, ankle inversion moments did not significantly diverge between shoe conditions. Furthermore, a noteworthy correlation between footwear longitudinal bending stiffness and torsional stiffness was identified. In conclusion, increased bending stiffness significantly affected ankle and foot kinematics. The ankle compensated for restricted mobility and higher demands during high-degree jump-cuts, while foot torsion played a more prominent role in low-degree cuts. The heightened ankle inversion during high-degree cuts may induce an elevated risk for lateral ankle sprains. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to comprehensively understand injury incidence and the role of shoe stiffness in injury prevention.

Obsahem práce je analýza a hodnocení současného stavu v oblasti využívání OOPP, projekt obsahující návrh nového systému, cíle a strukturu projektu, projektový tým, finanční rozpočet, implementaci nového systému OOPP s termíny a milníky., The subject of my work is analysis and rating on current status in the area of PPE usage. Project is containing the proposal of new system, goal and project structure, project team, financial budget and implementation of new PPE system with terms and milestones., Fakulta ekonomicko-správní, Studentka přednesla téma své BP Projekt zavedení nového systému OOPP ve vybraném podniku Otázky vedoucího BP: 1. Seznámila jste management podniku s výsledky vaší práce, a pokud ano, jaká byla jejich reakce? 2. Na str. 63 uvádíte, že se společnosti nepodařilo dodržet stanovený časový plán zavedení nového systému OOPP. Co bylo, podle vašeho názoru příčinou zdržení? Otázky a připomínky komise: 1. Zaměstnává firma ZTP/P osoby? 2. Hlavní kapitoly 7 a 8 jsou oproti ostatním kapitolám nevyvážené. 3. V čem jste firmě pomohla v novém projektu? Studentka na otázky reagovala., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

BACKGROUND: Non-removable knee-high devices are the gold-standard offloading treatments to heal plantar diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). These devices are underused in practice for a variety of reasons. Recommending these devices for all patients, regardless of their circumstances and preferences influencing their ability to tolerate the devices, does not seem a fruitful approach. PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to explore the potential implications of a more personalized approach to offloading DFUs and suggest avenues for future research and development. METHODS: Non-removable knee-high devices effectively heal plantar DFUs by reducing plantar pressure and shear at the DFU, reducing weight-bearing activity and enforcing high adherence. We propose that future offloading devices should be developed that aim to optimize these mechanisms according to each individual's needs. We suggest three different approaches may be developed to achieve such personalized offloading treatment. First, we suggest modular devices, where different mechanical features (rocker-bottom sole, knee-high cast walls/struts, etc.) can be added or removed from the device to accommodate different patients' needs and the evolving needs of the patient throughout the treatment period. Second, advanced manufacturing techniques and novel materials could be used to personalize the design of their devices, thereby improving common hindrances to their use, such as devices being heavy, bulky, and hot. Third, sensors could be used to provide real-time feedback to patients and clinicians on plantar pressures, shear, weight-bearing activity, and adherence. CONCLUSIONS: By the use of these approaches, we could provide patients with personalized devices to optimize plantar tissue stress, thereby improving clinical outcomes., Funding agencies:National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia 2014165 Urgo Foundation

Athletic performance is an important factor to consider when designing athletic footwear. Improvements in agility drill performance can lead to improved sports performance. Changing footwear characteristics can be one way to help improve performance. The design and materialization of the upper of a shoe can impact biomechanical metrics and needs to be further explored during agility movements. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to investigate the impact that stiffening the upper panel of an athletic shoe could have on agility performance using biomechanical outcome measures that correlate with athletic performance. Stiffening the upper panel significantly altered contact time during the lateral skater jump with the stiffest shoe having the shortest contact time compared to the other two shoe stiffness conditions (p=0.020-0.046). Shoe upper panel stiffness significantly changed peak concentric power in the anterior-posterior drill where the least stiff shoe produced the highest power compared to the stiffest shoe (p=0.006). The same dataset was used to address the second goal of this study which was to model the foot and ankle complex as a system of gears to understand force attenuation and propulsion during agility tasks. Although no differences were found between footwear conditions in gearing, it was shown that modeling the foot and ankle system through gearing can advance our understanding of the impact that footwear changes can have on performance and may be an important outcome measure in future footwear studies.

Background: Non-removable knee-high devices are the gold-standard offloading treatments to heal plantar diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). These devices are underused in practice for a variety of reasons. Recommending these devices for all patients, regardless of their circumstances and preferences influencing their ability to tolerate the devices, does not seem a fruitful approach. Purpose: The aim of this article is to explore the potential implications of a more personalized approach to offloading DFUs and suggest avenues for future research and development. Methods: Non-removable knee-high devices effectively heal plantar DFUs by reducing plantar pressure and shear at the DFU, reducing weight-bearing activity and enforcing high adherence. We propose that future offloading devices should be developed that aim to optimize these mechanisms according to each individual’s needs. We suggest three different approaches may be developed to achieve such personalized offloading treatment. First, we suggest modular devices, where different mechanical features (rocker-bottom sole, knee-high cast walls/struts, etc.) can be added or removed from the device to accommodate different patients’ needs and the evolving needs of the patient throughout the treatment period. Second, advanced manufacturing techniques and novel materials could be used to personalize the design of their devices, thereby improving common hindrances to their use, such as devices being heavy, bulky, and hot. Third, sensors could be used to provide real-time feedback to patients and clinicians on plantar pressures, shear, weight-bearing activity, and adherence. Conclusions: By the use of these approaches, we could provide patients with personalized devices to optimize plantar tissue stress, thereby improving clinical outcomes.

Adaptable products often present a range of possibilities for changing contexts and circumstances. Their use can also enable a way of being and operating that engenders nomadism. However, shoe studies in this context have never been systematically studied. Immense technical changes over the last thirty years have affected communication and reduced travel costs, while globalization has made remote work not only possible but often desirable. This global transformation has produced “digital nomads”, who use telecommunication technologies to earn a living whilst living, travelling and working remotely. The digital nomad has inspired this practice-led research project exploring the conceptual design of a multipurpose, adaptable shoe, which satisfies the requirements of unpredictable travel and a nomadic lifestyle. This footwear design project is multidisciplinary and situated at the nexus of fashion apparel and product design. Transformable/adaptable fashion and un-build concepts have been utilised as a theoretical framework to explore the shoe’s versatility, critique aesthetic values used on an everyday basis, and locate the shoe in an urban, utilitarian and minimal fashion context. The primary focus is on the versatility and packability of shoes, which are bulky and difficult to transport. Identifying these constraints was a creative catalyst to challenge footwear construction methods and design processes and to explore a collapsible, packable free-upper shoe. The outcome of this research is a conceptual design for flatpack Smoosh shoes, a system that allows for convenient packing. The developed concept is a footwear with a range of sock-like inner components that can be docked into the shell outer-sole, both of which are fully functional pieces that can be used separately to expand versatility and minimize luggage space. They allow hassle-free travel and offer recyclability. Smoosh contributes to footwear design knowledge by providing a novel construction system for t

The fashion industry is going through a radical change with new technologies. Footwear designers are taking advantage of CAD-software to create groundbreaking models. However, it is not only from a design point of view that the field is changing, 3D-printing technology is becoming an alternative for manufacturing footwear against the contaminating mass-producing system adopted by the fashion industry, challenging the traditional trading system of the products. Starting with a market analysis and user’s research and incorporating later CAD modeling, 3D-scanning and 3D-printing, the following project develops a design workflow for 3D-printing footwear and presents the readers with fresh designs to compete in the market.

I denna studie har användningen av fotskanning för att minska returer av skor köpta online och konsumenternas inställning till och kunskap om fotskanning undersökts. Fotskanning är en teknik för att skanna fötter. Efter att foten har skannats skapas en 3D modell över hur foten ser ut och den modellen används sedan för olika ändamål. Det området som denna studie har fokuserat på är online handeln av skor. Metoden som studien använde är blandad med en induktiv ansats. Empirin samlades genom en kvantitativ enkätstudie av konsumenter och en semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervju med ett företag. Efter datainsamlingen redovisades och analyserades resultaten innan en diskussion utfördes där slutsatser drogs i relation till forskningsfrågorna. Studien visar att fotskanning påverkar returer av skor positivt. Det blev färre returer med hjälp av fotskanningstekniken. När det gäller konsumenternas kunskapsnivå och inställning till fotskanning visar studien att de har en låg kunskap om fotskanning, men en vilja till att använda tekniken. På det stora hela visar fotskanning en stor potential i framtiden och med vidare forskning på ämnet kan studien användas som en indikation på om implementering av fotskanning i ett företag är nästa steg., In this study, the use of foot scanning to reduce returns of shoes purchased online and consumers' attitudes towards and knowledge of foot scanning have been investigated. Foot scanning is a technique used for scanning feet. After the foot has been scanned, a 3D model of what the foot looks like is created and that model is then used for various purposes. The area that this study has focused on is the online trade of shoes. The method that the study used is mixed with an inductive approach. The experience was gathered through a quantitative survey study of consumers and a semi-structured qualitative interview with a company. After the data collection, the results were reported and analyzed before a discussion was carried out where conclusions were drawn in relation to the research questions. The study shows that foot scanning has a positive effect on the returns of shoes. There were fewer returns with the help of the foot scanning technology. Regarding the consumers' level of knowledge and attitude towards foot scanning, the study shows that they have a low level of knowledge on the subject, but have a willingness to use the technology. In conclusion, foot scanning shows great potential in the future and with further research on the subject, this study can be used as an indication of whether implementing foot scanning in a company is the next step.

The fashion industry is going through a radical change with new technologies. Footwear designers are taking advantage of CAD-software to create groundbreaking models. However, it is not only from a design point of view that the field is changing, 3D-printing technology is becoming an alternative for manufacturing footwear against the contaminating mass-producing system adopted by the fashion industry, challenging the traditional trading system of the products. Starting with a market analysis and user’s research and incorporating later CAD modeling, 3D-scanning and 3D-printing, the following project develops a design workflow for 3D-printing footwear and presents the readers with fresh designs to compete in the market.

I denna studie har användningen av fotskanning för att minska returer av skor köpta online och konsumenternas inställning till och kunskap om fotskanning undersökts. Fotskanning är en teknik för att skanna fötter. Efter att foten har skannats skapas en 3D modell över hur foten ser ut och den modellen används sedan för olika ändamål. Det området som denna studie har fokuserat på är online handeln av skor. Metoden som studien använde är blandad med en induktiv ansats. Empirin samlades genom en kvantitativ enkätstudie av konsumenter och en semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervju med ett företag. Efter datainsamlingen redovisades och analyserades resultaten innan en diskussion utfördes där slutsatser drogs i relation till forskningsfrågorna. Studien visar att fotskanning påverkar returer av skor positivt. Det blev färre returer med hjälp av fotskanningstekniken. När det gäller konsumenternas kunskapsnivå och inställning till fotskanning visar studien att de har en låg kunskap om fotskanning, men en vilja till att använda tekniken. På det stora hela visar fotskanning en stor potential i framtiden och med vidare forskning på ämnet kan studien användas som en indikation på om implementering av fotskanning i ett företag är nästa steg., In this study, the use of foot scanning to reduce returns of shoes purchased online and consumers' attitudes towards and knowledge of foot scanning have been investigated. Foot scanning is a technique used for scanning feet. After the foot has been scanned, a 3D model of what the foot looks like is created and that model is then used for various purposes. The area that this study has focused on is the online trade of shoes. The method that the study used is mixed with an inductive approach. The experience was gathered through a quantitative survey study of consumers and a semi-structured qualitative interview with a company. After the data collection, the results were reported and analyzed before a discussion was carried out where conclusions were drawn in relation to the research questions. The study shows that foot scanning has a positive effect on the returns of shoes. There were fewer returns with the help of the foot scanning technology. Regarding the consumers' level of knowledge and attitude towards foot scanning, the study shows that they have a low level of knowledge on the subject, but have a willingness to use the technology. In conclusion, foot scanning shows great potential in the future and with further research on the subject, this study can be used as an indication of whether implementing foot scanning in a company is the next step.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) predominantly involving the medial tibiofemoral compartment is a major public health problem worldwide causing pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. Longitudinal data suggest that higher knee loads during walking are associated with structural disease progression in people with medial knee OA. Higher knee loads during walking are also associated with structural disease onset in high-risk groups such as people who have undergone arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM). As there is no cure for OA, conservative interventions such as strengthening exercise and “appropriate” footwear are recommended throughout the OA disease continuum. However, no studies have been able to demonstrate that exercise can reduce knee loads in those at risk of, and with, established knee OA and belief that exercise could generate harmful knee loads continues to exist among patients and clinicians. This ambiguity also extends to footwear interventions, where stable supportive shoe types are recommended in most clinical guidelines despite conflicting biomechanical evidence that suggests flat flexible shoe types may reduce knee loads. A critical limitation of the current body of evidence is the use of the external knee adduction moment (KAM) as a surrogate measure of internal medial tibiofemoral contact force (MTCF). Change in the MTCF does not necessarily correspond directly with change in the KAM, predominantly due to the role internal muscle forces play in stabilizing the knee against these external loads. The use of electromyogram (EMG)-informed neuromusculoskeletal modelling is a promising means to consider the influence of muscle in estimates of internal contact force. However, it has not yet been implemented to estimate loads in knee OA intervention studies. The overarching aim of this thesis is to implement EMG-informed neuromusculoskeletal modelling to estimate MTCF during exercise and footwear interventions in people following APM (high-risk for devel

Athletic performance is an important factor to consider when designing athletic footwear. Improvements in agility drill performance can lead to improved sports performance. Changing footwear characteristics can be one way to help improve performance. The design and materialization of the upper of a shoe can impact biomechanical metrics and needs to be further explored during agility movements. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to investigate the impact that stiffening the upper panel of an athletic shoe could have on agility performance using biomechanical outcome measures that correlate with athletic performance. Stiffening the upper panel significantly altered contact time during the lateral skater jump with the stiffest shoe having the shortest contact time compared to the other two shoe stiffness conditions (p=0.020-0.046). Shoe upper panel stiffness significantly changed peak concentric power in the anterior-posterior drill where the least stiff shoe produced the highest power compared to the stiffest shoe (p=0.006). The same dataset was used to address the second goal of this study which was to model the foot and ankle complex as a system of gears to understand force attenuation and propulsion during agility tasks. Although no differences were found between footwear conditions in gearing, it was shown that modeling the foot and ankle system through gearing can advance our understanding of the impact that footwear changes can have on performance and may be an important outcome measure in future footwear studies.

The foot corresponds to the body segment that allows the exchange of forces between the support surface and the athlete's body; itsmorphology and function influence the quality of movement and body alignment. Moreover, the foot morphology can be modified according to the different adaptations that different sports cause, such as running, sport combat and team sports. This work aimed to define the knowledge that a sample of athletes has about their Medial Longitudinal Foot Arch (MLA). A sample of 119 athletes, separated into three groups (runners, combat athletes, and team players), were given a self-perception questionnaire of their MLA. Their responses were contrasted with the Arch Index (AI), which is a reliable objective measurement of the MLA.Just 18.5% of thesample were able to identify their MLA, as 67.2% stated they did not know, and 14.3% erred in their self-diagnosis. Combat athletes had the highest percentage who correctly identified their MLA(25%). Association was found between the knowledge demonstrated by athletes and the sport they practiced (X2= 9.926, df = 4, p = 0.04). The ignorance about MLAby the athletes studied is presented as a problem of which consequences are unknown; this opens future research focused on the study of injuries caused by misalignment of the foot and the need to prescribe sports shoes as orthoses.

[Resumen] Introducción: Las dermatomicosis son patologías causadas por microorganismos fúngicos que pueden afectar a la piel o a las láminas ungueales de los pies, y su prevalencia está en aumento entre la población general. Los estudios y la experiencia clínica han indicado que podría existir una relación entre las dermatomicosis y el calzado, de modo que el ambiente interno de éste sería un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de estas patologías. Es por ello que, aplicar medidas preventivas en el zapato, podría favorecer la interrupción en la propagación de estas infecciones. Objetivos: Determinar el impacto del calzado en las dermatomicosis y su relación con la salud del pie. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica entre los meses de abril y mayo de 2022 en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando los términos “mycoses”, “footwear”, “shoes”, “dermatomycoses” y “tinea”. La selección de los estudios se realizó tras la aplicación de criterios de inclusión y exclusión, eliminación de artículos duplicados y lectura personal del título, resumen, objetivos y resultados. Resultados: Tras la búsqueda bibliográfica se obtuvieron un total de 253 artículos. Después de eliminar publicaciones duplicadas y establecer un filtro de lectura personal, se seleccionaron un total de 13 artículos que relacionan las dermatomicosis con el calzado y serán incluidos en esta revisión. Conclusiones: El calzado tiene un impacto negativo en la salud del pie en relación a las dermatomicosis, pues existe una relación significativa entre el ambiente interno del zapato y el desarrollo de infecciones fúngicas en el pie. El uso de calzado cerrado va a aumentar factores físicos en su interior que propician el desarrollo de infecciones por hongos. La desinfección del calzado será una importante medida de prevención primaria a tener en cuenta para frenar la reinfección y la propagación de estas patologías, necesitando más investigación que nos establezca la técnica de d, [Resumo] Introducción: As dermatomicoses son patoloxías producidas por microorganismos fúnxicos que poden afectar á pel ou ás placas ungueais dos pés, e a súa prevalencia está aumentando entre a poboación xeral. Os estudos e a experiencia clínica indican que podería existir unha relación entre as dermatomicoses e o calzado, polo que o medio interno deste último sería un factor de risco para o desenvolvemento destas patoloxías. Por iso, aplicar medidas preventivas no calzado podería favorecer a interrupción da propagación destas infeccións. Obxetivos: Determinar o impacto do calzado nas dermatomicoses e a súa relación ca saúde do pé. Metodoloxía: Realizouse unha busca bibliográfica entre os meses de abril e maio de 2022 nas bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizando os termos “micoses”, “calzado”, “zapatos”, “dermatomicoses” e “tinea”. A selección dos estudos realizouse tras a aplicación de criterios de inclusión e exclusión, eliminación de artigos duplicados e lectura persoal do título, resumo, obxectivos e resultados. Resultados: Tras a busca bibliográfica obtivéronse un total de 253 artigos. Despois de eliminar as publicación duplicadas e establecer un filtro persoal de lectura, seleccionáronse un total de 13 artigos que relacionan a dermatomicose co calzado e que se incluirán nesta revisión. Conclusións: O calzado ten un impacto negativo na saúde do pe, en relación á dermatomicose, xa que existe unha relación significativa entre o ambiente interno do mesmo e o desenvolvemento de infeccións fúnxicas no pe. O uso do calzado pechado aumentará os factores físicos no seu interior que favorecen o desenvolvemento de infeccións por fungos. A desinfección do calzado será unha importante medida de prevención primaria a ter en conta para frear a reinfección e a propagación destas patoloxías, precisando máis investigación que estableza a técnica de desinfección máis eficiente., [Abstract] Introduction: Dermatomycoses are pathologies caused by fungal microorganisms that can affect the skin or nail plates of the feet, and their prevalence is increasing among the general population. Studies and clinical experience have indicated that there could be a relationship between dermatomycosis and footwear, so that the internal environment of the latter would be a risk factor for the development of these pathologies. That is why, applying preventive measures in the shoe could favor the interruption in the spread of these infections. Objective: Determine the impact of footwear on dermatomycoses and their relationship to foot health. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out between the months of April and May 2022 in the Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, using the terms "mycoses", "footwear", "shoes", "dermatomycoses" and "tinea". The selection of the studies was carried out after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, elimination of duplicate articles and personal reading of the title, abstract, objectives and results. Results: After the bibliographic search, a total of 253 articles were obtained. After eliminating duplicate publications and establishing a personal reading filter, a total of 13 articles that relate dermatomycosis to footwear were selected and will be included in this review. Conclusions: Footwear has a negative impact on foot health in relation to dermatomycosis, as there is a significant relationship between the internal environment of the shoe and the development of fungal infections in the foot. The use of closed shoes will increase physical factors inside that favor the development of fungal infections. The disinfection of footwear will be an important primary prevention measure to take into account to stop reinfection and the spread of these pathologies, requiring more research to establish the most efficient disinfection technique.

BACKGROUND: Individuals living with diabetes run an increased risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), leading to high costs to society and reduced quality of life for the individual. Regular screening is important to avoid complications. AIM: To evaluate patients' and clinicians' experiences of using a digital tool, the D-Foot, in the screening of risk factors for developing DFUs. The secondary aims were to investigate whether patients had had their feet examined by a nurse or doctor during the past year, had been referred to podiatry and whether patients had received information about self-care. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out, comprising 90 patients with diabetes visiting a Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics (DPO). Two Certified Prosthetists and Orthotists (CPOs) were included, and they assessed foot status and the risk of developing DFUs with the D-Foot software, prior to prescribing footwear. The quality of services at the DPO was assessed by the patients using the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey (OPUS). The CPOs answered the System Usability Scale (SUS) before and after the study to assess the usability of the D-Foot. RESULTS: No patient had risk grade 1. One (1%) patient had risk grade 2, 78 (87%) patients had risk grade 3 and 11 (12%) patients had risk grade 4. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction on eight of ten OPUS items and the two items with lower scores were not related to the use of the D-Foot. The two CPOs reported levels above the mean regarding usability both before (77.5 and 90) and after (70 and 97.5) using the D-Foot. CONCLUSIONS: Patients expressed a high level of satisfaction with the services when their feet were examined with the D-Foot prior to the provision of footwear. The CPOs found that the D-Foot system was usable. Several comments were made by patients and CPOs and will support the future development and testing of the D-Foot. There is a need to increase referrals for preventive podiatry and i, Funding agencies:Familjen Knut & Ragnvi Jacobssons stiftelseInnovationsplattformen in the Västra Götaland RegionStiftelsen Skobranschens UtvecklingsfondResearch and Development Council of the County of Göteborg and Södra BohuslänHealth & Medical Care Committee of the Västra Götaland RegionStiftelsen Felix NeuberghStiftelsen Gunnar Holmgrens Minne, IngaBritt & Arne Lundbergs ForskningsstiftelseGothenburg Diabetes Association (Inger Hultman med fleras fond and Utvecklingsfonden)Sveriges Ortopedingenjoerers FöreningGreta och Einar Askers StiftelseHans Dahlbergs stiftelse för miljö och hälsa

En este proyecto de final de grado se ha realizado el diseño de unos zapatos de uso cotidiano personalizables en cuanto a talla, forma y color, para ser producidos mediante fabricación aditiva, comúnmente conocida como impresión 3D. En un principio se hará una breve introducción teórica sobre los tipos de calzado, la ergonomía en el calzado, las partes del calzado y los materiales más comúnmente utilizados. A continuación, se explicará sobre la fabricación aditiva, sobre las tecnologías más importantes que la componen y también sobre la presencia de la fabricación aditiva en el sector del calzado, junto con sus ventajas. Una vez estudiado el marco teórico, se realizarán los bocetos de los zapatos que se van a desarrollar hasta llegar al diseño final. Posteriormente se modelará el diseño final mediante un programa de software, Autodesk Fusion 360. Los materiales que se han seleccionado para su producción son reciclados o biodegradables. Además de diseñar el zapato, también se ha implementado un elemento decorativo y una suela de cambio. Se ha diseñado un clip para los cordones que también es personalizable. Sobre la suela de cambio, el zapato cuenta con un mecanismo que la permite intercambiar por otra diferente. Se ha diseñado el calzado con una suela básica, además de una segunda suela con plataforma. También, se ha complementado el trabajo con el análisis de una encuesta realizada a más de 100 personas, para validar el value proposition del proyecto. Finalmente, se ha estudiado la viabilidad económica del proyecto, el impacto ambiental y social que producirá, llegando a la conclusión que es un proyecto viable, tanto económicamente como social y ambientalmente.

[EN] The push towards creative and active learning in higher education has gained momentum in recent years, creating opportunities for innovative, student focused approaches. The Covid-19 pandemic shifted the educational landscape to the online world, propelling the need to create compelling learning activities for students. While also fostering a sense of community and facilitating both peer relationships and peer learning. This paper presents the development and initial implementation of an innovative teaching tool, The Virtual Shoe Salon, which is based on creative pedagogies and experiential learning. The Virtual Shoe Salon has been implemented to embed stronger skills in research and data analysis within the curriculum of our fashion business courses. As a teaching method it can embrace both online and face to face environments. Drawing from a theoretical foundation of material culture, combined with an adaptation of the photovoice research approach, this salon takes the ordinary, but expressive objects of shoes to engage students in research and analysis through collaboration, conversation and peer to peer learning. The paper presents the rationale for the Virtual Shoe Salon, and findings from its implementation with 250 students. Subsequent evaluation and reflection with both students and staff have evidenced the positive role of the Virtual Shoe Salon in facilitating active and collaborative learning around research and data analysis. While it has actively encouraged a dynamic and collaborative learning environment, the Virtual Shoe Salon has initiated a shared space underpinned by the sense of community and belonging for students that Covid-19 had eroded.

[EN] The push towards creative and active learning in higher education has gained momentum in recent years, creating opportunities for innovative, student focused approaches. The Covid-19 pandemic shifted the educational landscape to the online world, propelling the need to create compelling learning activities for students. While also fostering a sense of community and facilitating both peer relationships and peer learning. This paper presents the development and initial implementation of an innovative teaching tool, The Virtual Shoe Salon, which is based on creative pedagogies and experiential learning. The Virtual Shoe Salon has been implemented to embed stronger skills in research and data analysis within the curriculum of our fashion business courses. As a teaching method it can embrace both online and face to face environments. Drawing from a theoretical foundation of material culture, combined with an adaptation of the photovoice research approach, this salon takes the ordinary, but expressive objects of shoes to engage students in research and analysis through collaboration, conversation and peer to peer learning. The paper presents the rationale for the Virtual Shoe Salon, and findings from its implementation with 250 students. Subsequent evaluation and reflection with both students and staff have evidenced the positive role of the Virtual Shoe Salon in facilitating active and collaborative learning around research and data analysis. While it has actively encouraged a dynamic and collaborative learning environment, the Virtual Shoe Salon has initiated a shared space underpinned by the sense of community and belonging for students that Covid-19 had eroded.

[EN] The push towards creative and active learning in higher education has gained momentum in recent years, creating opportunities for innovative, student focused approaches. The Covid-19 pandemic shifted the educational landscape to the online world, propelling the need to create compelling learning activities for students. While also fostering a sense of community and facilitating both peer relationships and peer learning. This paper presents the development and initial implementation of an innovative teaching tool, The Virtual Shoe Salon, which is based on creative pedagogies and experiential learning. The Virtual Shoe Salon has been implemented to embed stronger skills in research and data analysis within the curriculum of our fashion business courses. As a teaching method it can embrace both online and face to face environments. Drawing from a theoretical foundation of material culture, combined with an adaptation of the photovoice research approach, this salon takes the ordinary, but expressive objects of shoes to engage students in research and analysis through collaboration, conversation and peer to peer learning. The paper presents the rationale for the Virtual Shoe Salon, and findings from its implementation with 250 students. Subsequent evaluation and reflection with both students and staff have evidenced the positive role of the Virtual Shoe Salon in facilitating active and collaborative learning around research and data analysis. While it has actively encouraged a dynamic and collaborative learning environment, the Virtual Shoe Salon has initiated a shared space underpinned by the sense of community and belonging for students that Covid-19 had eroded.

[EN] The push towards creative and active learning in higher education has gained momentum in recent years, creating opportunities for innovative, student focused approaches. The Covid-19 pandemic shifted the educational landscape to the online world, propelling the need to create compelling learning activities for students. While also fostering a sense of community and facilitating both peer relationships and peer learning. This paper presents the development and initial implementation of an innovative teaching tool, The Virtual Shoe Salon, which is based on creative pedagogies and experiential learning. The Virtual Shoe Salon has been implemented to embed stronger skills in research and data analysis within the curriculum of our fashion business courses. As a teaching method it can embrace both online and face to face environments. Drawing from a theoretical foundation of material culture, combined with an adaptation of the photovoice research approach, this salon takes the ordinary, but expressive objects of shoes to engage students in research and analysis through collaboration, conversation and peer to peer learning. The paper presents the rationale for the Virtual Shoe Salon, and findings from its implementation with 250 students. Subsequent evaluation and reflection with both students and staff have evidenced the positive role of the Virtual Shoe Salon in facilitating active and collaborative learning around research and data analysis. While it has actively encouraged a dynamic and collaborative learning environment, the Virtual Shoe Salon has initiated a shared space underpinned by the sense of community and belonging for students that Covid-19 had eroded.

Comfort perception is a desirable factor in purchasing behaviour for footwear apparel and influenced by a range of factors including footwear anatomy, foot biomechanics, material properties, user sensation and aesthetics. The comfort level of footwear in the midfoot region has not been investigated through the retrofitting of leather shoes in previous research. Therefore, the comfort level was determined using a 3D-printed insert (inside shoe) on the heel, midfoot, forefoot, upper and overall comfort of the foot. The purpose of the current study was to examine and then analyse the comfort level of a pair of men’s leather shoes when wearing an insert compared to without an insert in both standing and walking conditions (3mph). In addition, the ability of a Profile Assessment Device (PAD) was also investigated compared to static and dynamic walking conditions, which is unknown from previous research. 14 male participants were recruited for a two-day experiment evaluating both their feet and perceptions. The medio-lateral insert was fabricated through careful grading of an existing pair of inserts and situated inside the shoe according to the position selected during the preferred insert process. Participants were asked to wear shoes with insert for a minimum of one hour prior to data collection on day 2. Participants rated the comfort perception of five footwear aspects based on the barefoot rating (50) by wearing a sock on each foot and standing on a horizontal floor. However, the ANOVA and Tukey’s test clearly showed a significant improvement (p< 0.05) of a comfort level in different areas of the foot using the insert. In addition, the efficacy of a PAD closely resembled that of a shoe with an insert. The methodology, comfort ratings and findings of this study will assist future footwear researchers and podiatrists to fabricate various types of inserts to accommodate the whole midfoot using other forms of 3D printed material (or combinations of materials) rather tha

At present, the handcrafted footwear sector is affected by the high competitiveness due to the increasing automation of companies. In this sense, in order to improve its competitiveness, a system was proposed to predict the failures of a production system and to carry out preventive maintenance actions. Samples were taken from 25 productions and 7 activities were established: cutting, stitching, pre fabrication, final preparation, gluing, assembly and finishing. The company produces batches of 90 pairs per day, with a standard time of 274.53 min and a promised productivity of 1.8. A support vector machine model was developed to predict the possible failures of the process taking as a reference the standard time of each stage. Finally, the results allow predicting the faults to optimise the production process by applying Support Vector Machine (SVM)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Comfort perception is a desirable factor in purchasing behaviour for footwear apparel and influenced by a range of factors including footwear anatomy, foot biomechanics, material properties, user sensation and aesthetics. The comfort level of footwear in the midfoot region has not been investigated through the retrofitting of leather shoes in previous research. Therefore, the comfort level was determined using a 3D-printed insert (inside shoe) on the heel, midfoot, forefoot, upper and overall comfort of the foot. The purpose of the current study was to examine and then analyse the comfort level of a pair of men’s leather shoes when wearing an insert compared to without an insert in both standing and walking conditions (3mph). In addition, the ability of a Profile Assessment Device (PAD) was also investigated compared to static and dynamic walking conditions, which is unknown from previous research. 14 male participants were recruited for a two-day experiment evaluating both their feet and perceptions. The medio-lateral insert was fabricated through careful grading of an existing pair of inserts and situated inside the shoe according to the position selected during the preferred insert process. Participants were asked to wear shoes with insert for a minimum of one hour prior to data collection on day 2. Participants rated the comfort perception of five footwear aspects based on the barefoot rating (50) by wearing a sock on each foot and standing on a horizontal floor. However, the ANOVA and Tukey’s test clearly showed a significant improvement (p< 0.05) of a comfort level in different areas of the foot using the insert. In addition, the efficacy of a PAD closely resembled that of a shoe with an insert. The methodology, comfort ratings and findings of this study will assist future footwear researchers and podiatrists to fabricate various types of inserts to accommodate the whole midfoot using other forms of 3D printed material (or combinations of materials) rather tha

[Resumen] Introducción: Hoy en día se puede encontrar poca información sobre el pie, el calzado y la marcha en los niños. Esto es debido a que la infancia es percibida como un grupo poblacional de escasos problemas de salud por lo que se le brinda pocos recursos de investigación. Durante toda la infancia el niño y su pie están en constante crecimiento y esto hace que factores externos, como la elección del calzado, puedan influir en su estructura y función. Objetivo: Recopilar información sobre estudios que analicen la marcha con diferentes calzados y compararla a su vez con la marcha descalza para poder determinar el efecto del calzado en los parámetros de marcha de los niños. Metodología: Se realiza una búsqueda sistemática en los meses de febrero y marzo del 2021 en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Sciencie mediante los términos Mesh “Children”,”Gait” y “Shoes”. La selección de los estudios se hace en tres fases: lectura por título, por resumen y por texto completo Resultados: El total de artículos encontrados es de 255. Tras retirar los duplicados el número de artículos seleccionados de las bases se ha reducido a 167 estudios de los cuales finalmente se han incluido 10 en la revisión. Conclusión: El calzado produce alteraciones en los parámetros de la marcha y los que se ven afectados por este son: aumento de longitud de zancada y del tiempo de postura, disminución de la cadencia, disminución de la flexión dorsal de la articulación metatarsofalángica (especialmente en la articulación del hallux) y aumento de la flexión de la rodilla y dorsiflexión del tobillo., [Resumo] Introdución: Hoxe en día pódese atopar pouca información sobre o pé, o calzado e a marcha nos nenos. Isto débese a que a nenez percíbese como un grupo poboacional de escasos problemas de saúde polo que se lle brinda poucos recursos de investigación. Durante toda a nenez o neno e o seu pé están en constante desenrolo e isto fai que factores externos, como a elección do calzado, poidan influír na súa estrutura e función. Obxectivo: Recompilar información sobre estudos que analicen a marcha con diferentes calzados, comparada a súa vez coa marcha descalza para determinar o efecto do calzado nos parámetros da marcha nos nenos. Metodoloxía: Realizase una busca bibliográfica nos meses de febreiro e marzo do 2021 nas bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Sciencie mediante os termos Mesh: “Children”,”Gait” e “Shoes”. A selección dos estudios faise en tres fases: lectura por título, por resumo e por texto completo Resultados: O total de artigos atopados é de 255. Tras retirar os duplicados o número de artigos seleccionados das bases redúcese a 167 estudos dos cales finalmente se inclúen 10 na revisión. Conclusión: O calzado produce alteracións nos seguintes parámetros da marcha: aumento da lonxitude da zancada e do tempo de postura, diminución da cadencia, diminución da flexión dorsal da articulación metatarsofalángica (especialmente na articulación do hallux) e aumento da flexión do xeonllo e a dorsiflexión do nocello., [Abstract] Introduction: Nowadays we can find little information about the foot, footwear and gait in children. This is due to the fact that childhood is perceived as a population group with few health problems and is therefore provided with few research resources. Throughout childhood, children and their feet are constantly growing and this means that external factors, such as choice of footwear, can influence their structure and function. Objective: Collect information on studies that analyze gait with different footwear and compared with barefoot gait to determine the effect of footwear on children's gait parameters. Methodology: A bibliographic search will be carried out in February and March 2021 in the databases Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Sciencie by the terms “Mesh” “Children”, “Gait” and “Shoes”. The selection of the studies is done in three phases: reading by title, by summary and by full text. Results: The total number of articles found are 255. After removing duplicates the number of articles selected from the databases has been reduced to 167 and finally 10 articles were selected for this review. Conclusion: Footwear causes alterations in gait parameters and those who are affected by it are: increased stride length and stance time, decreased cadence, decreased dorsiflexion of the metatarsophalangeal joint (especially at the hallux joint) and increased knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion.

[Abstract] Background: Back pain is a normal symptom during pregnancy and is expected to become worse beyond the first three months after childbirth. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of wearing unstable shoes instead of conventional shoes, regarding pain intensity, low back mobility and stability, among women with lumbopelvic pain (LPP) during the postpartum period. Design and setting: Prospective, single-blinded, randomized clinical trial conducted at a podiatry and physiotherapy clinical center. Methods: A nine-week program of wearing either unstable shoes (A) or conventional shoes (B) was implemented. The following outcomes were measured in three assessments: pain intensity, using a visual analogue scale (VAS); low-back mobility, using a modified Schober test; and stability, using a pressure platform. Results: The lateral stability speed, anterior stability speed and anterior center of pressure (COP) showed significant (P < 0.05) decreases in the unstable shoes group after nine weeks, in relation to the conventional group. Intra-group measurements showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in VAS between the second and third assessments and between the first and third assessments in both groups. Intra-group evaluations also showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the lateral stability speed and anterior stability speed. Conclusions: Unstable shoes were effective in decreasing the pain intensity at five and nine weeks in women with postpartum LPP. In addition, their use produced decreases in lateral stability speed, anterior stability speed and anterior COP at nine weeks.

[Resumen] Objetivo principal: El objetivo principal de este proyecto de estudio será describir determinados hábitos podológicos y de salud entre estudiantes universitarios de grado del SUG (Sistema Universitario de Galicia). Metodología: Se llevará a cabo un estudio transversal observacional de prevalencia en el que se recogerán datos de una población de estudiantes universitarios mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado, al que se podrá acceder a través de internet., [Resumo] Obxectivo principal: O obxectivo principal de este proxecto de investigación será describir determinados hábitos podolóxicos entre os estudantes universitarios do SUG (Sistema Universitario de Galicia). Metodoloxía: Levarase a cabo un estudo transversal observacional de prevalencia no que se recollerán datos dunha poboación de estudantes universitarios facendo uso dun cuestionario autoadministrado de carácter non presencial, ao que se podrá acceder a través de internet., [Abstract] Main objective: The main objective of this study project will be to describe certain podiatry and health habits among undergraduate students of the “SUG” (Galician University System). Methodology: An observational cross-sectional prevalence study will be carried out in which data will be collected from a population of university students by means of a self-administered nonpresential Questionnaire, which will be accesible via the internet.

BackgroundEvery human being carries with them a collection of microbes, a collection that is likely both unique to that person, but also dynamic as a result of significant flux with the surrounding environment. The interaction of the human microbiome (i.e., the microbes that are found directly in contact with a person in places such as the gut, mouth, and skin) and the microbiome of accessory objects (e.g., shoes, clothing, phones, jewelry) is of potential interest to both epidemiology and the developing field of microbial forensics. Therefore, the microbiome of personal accessories are of interest because they serve as both a microbial source and sink for an individual, they may provide information about the microbial exposure experienced by an individual, and they can be sampled non-invasively.FindingsWe report here a large-scale study of the microbiome found on cell phones and shoes. Cell phones serve as a potential source and sink for skin and oral microbiome, while shoes can act as sampling devices for microbial environmental experience. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the microbiome of thousands of paired sets of cell phones and shoes from individuals at sporting events, museums, and other venues around the United States.ConclusionsWe place this data in the context of previous studies and demonstrate that the microbiome of phones and shoes are different. This difference is driven largely by the presence of "environmental" taxa (taxa from groups that tend to be found in places like soil) on shoes and human-associated taxa (taxa from groups that are abundant in the human microbiome) on phones. This large dataset also contains many novel taxa, highlighting the fact that much of microbial diversity remains uncharacterized, even on commonplace objects.

Shopping is all about marketing and presentation of merchandise. High Fashion Brands study the market and spend hundreds of thousands of dollars a year on advertising to create a mood or presentation of a certain concept, hoping that the customers will end up buying their products. These carefully considered campaigns aspire to raise an emotional state that lingers long after the purchase is finalized.  A good example; is the budget American shoe brand “Payless” that wanted to raise its profile for the past holiday season, as it decided to play a prank and mimic the approach taken by high-end designer stores, even though only for a few days [The National, Dec, 2, 2018].  As the Payless shoes pranks social-media influencers with fake high-end brand Palessi (1).  As the budget store posed as a fictional designer Italian label for six days, that proved that customers are psychologically affected by the display, and merchandising layout, location, and can change their perspective about the product accordingly.  This research paper is going to investigate the psychology behind the relationship between High Fashion brands’ image and customer’s behavior, and how this relationship can affect the customer’s choices and buying habits. &nbsp

BackgroundEvery human being carries with them a collection of microbes, a collection that is likely both unique to that person, but also dynamic as a result of significant flux with the surrounding environment. The interaction of the human microbiome (i.e., the microbes that are found directly in contact with a person in places such as the gut, mouth, and skin) and the microbiome of accessory objects (e.g., shoes, clothing, phones, jewelry) is of potential interest to both epidemiology and the developing field of microbial forensics. Therefore, the microbiome of personal accessories are of interest because they serve as both a microbial source and sink for an individual, they may provide information about the microbial exposure experienced by an individual, and they can be sampled non-invasively.FindingsWe report here a large-scale study of the microbiome found on cell phones and shoes. Cell phones serve as a potential source and sink for skin and oral microbiome, while shoes can act as sampling devices for microbial environmental experience. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the microbiome of thousands of paired sets of cell phones and shoes from individuals at sporting events, museums, and other venues around the United States.ConclusionsWe place this data in the context of previous studies and demonstrate that the microbiome of phones and shoes are different. This difference is driven largely by the presence of "environmental" taxa (taxa from groups that tend to be found in places like soil) on shoes and human-associated taxa (taxa from groups that are abundant in the human microbiome) on phones. This large dataset also contains many novel taxa, highlighting the fact that much of microbial diversity remains uncharacterized, even on commonplace objects.

Shopping is all about marketing and presentation of merchandise. High Fashion Brands study the market and spend hundreds of thousands of dollars a year on advertising to create a mood or presentation of a certain concept, hoping that the customers will end up buying their products. These carefully considered campaigns aspire to raise an emotional state that lingers long after the purchase is finalized.  A good example; is the budget American shoe brand “Payless” that wanted to raise its profile for the past holiday season, as it decided to play a prank and mimic the approach taken by high-end designer stores, even though only for a few days [The National, Dec, 2, 2018].  As the Payless shoes pranks social-media influencers with fake high-end brand Palessi (1).  As the budget store posed as a fictional designer Italian label for six days, that proved that customers are psychologically affected by the display, and merchandising layout, location, and can change their perspective about the product accordingly.  This research paper is going to investigate the psychology behind the relationship between High Fashion brands’ image and customer’s behavior, and how this relationship can affect the customer’s choices and buying habits. &nbsp

Shopping is all about marketing and presentation of merchandise. High Fashion Brands study the market and spend hundreds of thousands of dollars a year on advertising to create a mood or presentation of a certain concept, hoping that the customers will end up buying their products. These carefully considered campaigns aspire to raise an emotional state that lingers long after the purchase is finalized.  A good example; is the budget American shoe brand “Payless” that wanted to raise its profile for the past holiday season, as it decided to play a prank and mimic the approach taken by high-end designer stores, even though only for a few days [The National, Dec, 2, 2018].  As the Payless shoes pranks social-media influencers with fake high-end brand Palessi (1).  As the budget store posed as a fictional designer Italian label for six days, that proved that customers are psychologically affected by the display, and merchandising layout, location, and can change their perspective about the product accordingly.  This research paper is going to investigate the psychology behind the relationship between High Fashion brands’ image and customer’s behavior, and how this relationship can affect the customer’s choices and buying habits. &nbsp

Shopping is all about marketing and presentation of merchandise. High Fashion Brands study the market and spend hundreds of thousands of dollars a year on advertising to create a mood or presentation of a certain concept, hoping that the customers will end up buying their products. These carefully considered campaigns aspire to raise an emotional state that lingers long after the purchase is finalized.  A good example; is the budget American shoe brand “Payless” that wanted to raise its profile for the past holiday season, as it decided to play a prank and mimic the approach taken by high-end designer stores, even though only for a few days [The National, Dec, 2, 2018].  As the Payless shoes pranks social-media influencers with fake high-end brand Palessi (1).  As the budget store posed as a fictional designer Italian label for six days, that proved that customers are psychologically affected by the display, and merchandising layout, location, and can change their perspective about the product accordingly.  This research paper is going to investigate the psychology behind the relationship between High Fashion brands’ image and customer’s behavior, and how this relationship can affect the customer’s choices and buying habits. &nbsp

Aims: People at increased risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers often wear therapeutic footwear less frequently than is desirable. The aims were to identify patient groups prone to nonadherence to wearing therapeutic footwear and modifiable factors associated with adherence. Materials and methods: A questionnaire was mailed to 1230 people with diabetes who had been fitted with therapeutic footwear. Independent variables were categorized into five domains. For each domain, variables that were associated with adherence in a univariate regression analysis were entered into a multiple regression analysis. Results: A total of 429 (34.9%) questionnaires were analyzed. Multiple regression analyses showed significant associations (p < 0.05) between higher adherence and paid employment, current foot ulcer, previous foot ulcer, satisfaction with follow-up, self-efficacy, understanding of lost/reduced sensation as a risk factor for foot ulcerations, visible storage of therapeutic footwear at home, storage of conventional footwear out of sight, consistent choices about which footwear type to wear, and a belief that therapeutic footwear promotes ulcer healing. The five multivariate models explained 2-28% of the variance in adherence, with the strategies for footwear use domain explaining the most. Conclusions: Patients without paid employment or without foot ulcer experience are more prone to nonadherence. To improve adherence, clinicians should advise patients to store therapeutic footwear in a visible place at home and put conventional footwear away and encourage patients' self-efficacy and habitual use of therapeutic footwear. Future studies should investigate this topic further and explore ways to promote changes in habits. A study limitation was that all variables were self-reported., Funding Agency:Region Örebro County, Sweden OLL-636111

Shopping is all about marketing and presentation of merchandise. High Fashion Brands study the market and spend hundreds of thousands of dollars a year on advertising to create a mood or presentation of a certain concept, hoping that the customers will end up buying their products. These carefully considered campaigns aspire to raise an emotional state that lingers long after the purchase is finalized.  A good example; is the budget American shoe brand “Payless” that wanted to raise its profile for the past holiday season, as it decided to play a prank and mimic the approach taken by high-end designer stores, even though only for a few days [The National, Dec, 2, 2018].  As the Payless shoes pranks social-media influencers with fake high-end brand Palessi (1).  As the budget store posed as a fictional designer Italian label for six days, that proved that customers are psychologically affected by the display, and merchandising layout, location, and can change their perspective about the product accordingly.  This research paper is going to investigate the psychology behind the relationship between High Fashion brands’ image and customer’s behavior, and how this relationship can affect the customer’s choices and buying habits. &nbsp

[ES] El objeto del presente trabajo es el diseño de un expositor de calzado de señora. Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha realizado un estudio de mercado de tipos de calzado, con el fin de que el producto se adapte a la mayoría de ellos. Después, se definieron las principales funciones que debía cumplir el expositor, entre las que se encuentran: exponer zapatos, ser utilizable a nivel comercial, que pueda ser utilizado sobre mostrador o suelo y que tenga un fácil montaje y desmontaje, ya que podría ser utilizado en ferias. A continuación, se proyectó una propuesta de diseño y se estudió su viabilidad técnica y física, la cual incluye el ensamblaje de todos los componentes, la movilidad del producto y su fabricabilidad. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis estructural, comprobando así que el producto fuera resistente, y se dimensionó de acuerdo a una amplia variedad de tipos de calzado. Por último, se realizó un prototipo del producto. De esta manera, el diseño quedó listo para la realización de pruebas y consiguientes reajustes en dimensiones y formas geométricas con el fin de mejorar en resistencia y fabricación., [EN] The objective of this project is to design a woman¿s shoes exhibitor. In order to do that, it was done a market¿s study about shoes¿ type, whose purpose was that the product adapt to the most of them. After, the main functions that the product should accomplish were defined, some of them are: to exhibit shoes, be used at commercial level, be used over a counter or on the floor and to have an easy assembly and disassembly, because it can be used in fairs. Then, it was projected a design proposal and it was studied her technical and physical viability, that includes the assembly, the mobility and the manufacturing of the product. Later, a structural analysis was done to check the products strength, and the product was dimensioned according to a wide variety of shoes. Lastly, a prototype of the product was built. In this way, the design was ready to make some probes and consequently, some readjustments in the dimensions with the object of improve in strength and manufacturing.

[ES] El objeto del presente trabajo es el diseño de un expositor de calzado de señora. Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha realizado un estudio de mercado de tipos de calzado, con el fin de que el producto se adapte a la mayoría de ellos. Después, se definieron las principales funciones que debía cumplir el expositor, entre las que se encuentran: exponer zapatos, ser utilizable a nivel comercial, que pueda ser utilizado sobre mostrador o suelo y que tenga un fácil montaje y desmontaje, ya que podría ser utilizado en ferias. A continuación, se proyectó una propuesta de diseño y se estudió su viabilidad técnica y física, la cual incluye el ensamblaje de todos los componentes, la movilidad del producto y su fabricabilidad. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis estructural, comprobando así que el producto fuera resistente, y se dimensionó de acuerdo a una amplia variedad de tipos de calzado. Por último, se realizó un prototipo del producto. De esta manera, el diseño quedó listo para la realización de pruebas y consiguientes reajustes en dimensiones y formas geométricas con el fin de mejorar en resistencia y fabricación., [EN] The objective of this project is to design a woman¿s shoes exhibitor. In order to do that, it was done a market¿s study about shoes¿ type, whose purpose was that the product adapt to the most of them. After, the main functions that the product should accomplish were defined, some of them are: to exhibit shoes, be used at commercial level, be used over a counter or on the floor and to have an easy assembly and disassembly, because it can be used in fairs. Then, it was projected a design proposal and it was studied her technical and physical viability, that includes the assembly, the mobility and the manufacturing of the product. Later, a structural analysis was done to check the products strength, and the product was dimensioned according to a wide variety of shoes. Lastly, a prototype of the product was built. In this way, the design was ready to make some probes and consequently, some readjustments in the dimensions with the object of improve in strength and manufacturing.

Due to changes in foot morphology and the occurrence of foot deformities and foot pain with ageing, older people frequently wear ill-fitting shoes. This can lead to discomfort and reduced mobility. A review of the literature was performed in Medline, Scopus and Embase with three aims: (a) to evaluate the effects of shoes or shoe elements on the comfort and mobility of older adults, (b) to summarise the evidence-based elements of a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults, and (c) from that, to compile those elements into design recommendations for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults. Safe elements of footwear include proper anatomical fit, a well-fitting toe box, limited heel height, a broad enough heel, a firm insole and midsole, an outsole with sufficient tread, bevelled heel, firm heel counter with snug fit, and an easy and effective closing mechanism. We conclude that there is a need for shoe design specifically aimed at the foot morphology and demands of older people. The shoe market should increase the availability of well-fitting shoes designed for the older foot and person.

Due to changes in foot morphology and the occurrence of foot deformities and foot pain with ageing, older people frequently wear ill-fitting shoes. This can lead to negative effects on comfort and mobility. A review of the literature was performed in Medline, Scopus and Embase with the aim (a) to evaluate the effects of shoes or shoe elements on comfort and mobility of older adults, (b) to summarise the evidence-based elements for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults, and (c) from that, to compile those elements into design recommendations for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults. Safe elements of footwear include proper anatomical fit, a well-fitting toe box, limited heel height, a broad enough heel, a firm insole and midsole, an outsole with sufficient tread, bevelled heel, firm heel counter with snug fit, and an easy and effective closing mechanism. We conclude that there is a need for shoe design specifically aimed at the foot morphology and demands of older people. The current shoe market should provide better availability of well-fitting shoes designed for the older foot and person., Applied Ergonomics and Design

En las comarcas del río Vinalopó (Alicante), se ha identificado un microclúster vinculado al sector de la confección y alquiler de trajes de escuadras especiales para las fiestas de Moros y Cristianos. En este sentido, Villena se ha convertido en un claro referente. Sin duda, el know how de la industria del calzado, se ha mantenido y transferido, ya que la mayoría de los operarios, e incluso titulares de las empresas, derivan de antiguas fábricas zapateras. A través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a empresarios y fuentes secundarias analizaremos los factores de consolidación de este microcluster y su incidencia socioterritorial en este estudio exploratorio. En posteriores investigaciones se profundizará en las oportunidades, que ahora solo se anticipan, sobre su diversificación como industria creativa, las herramientas tecnológicas de promoción y la conformación de place branding., There is a microcluster In the regions of Vinalopó (Alicante). It's linked to the sector of clothing and rent of special squads of festival Mors and Cristians. Villena, has become the main one working for all the Spanish festiva geography. Undoubtedly the know-how from the footwear industry has been maintained and transferred, since most of the operators, and even owners of the companies, derive from old footwear industries. Through semi-structured interviews and secondary sources, we will analyze the consolidation factors of this microcluster in this exploratory study. Further research will deepen the opportunities for diversification as a creative industry, technological tools for promotion and place branding, which are now only anticipated.

Due to changes in foot morphology and the occurrence of foot deformities and foot pain with ageing, older people frequently wear ill-fitting shoes. This can lead to negative effects on comfort and mobility. A review of the literature was performed in Medline, Scopus and Embase with the aim (a) to evaluate the effects of shoes or shoe elements on comfort and mobility of older adults, (b) to summarise the evidence-based elements for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults, and (c) from that, to compile those elements into design recommendations for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults. Safe elements of footwear include proper anatomical fit, a well-fitting toe box, limited heel height, a broad enough heel, a firm insole and midsole, an outsole with sufficient tread, bevelled heel, firm heel counter with snug fit, and an easy and effective closing mechanism. We conclude that there is a need for shoe design specifically aimed at the foot morphology and demands of older people. The current shoe market should provide better availability of well-fitting shoes designed for the older foot and person., Applied Ergonomics and Design

Background: Therapeutic shoes can prevent diabetic foot reulcerations but their use is complicated by the fact that shoes have psychological and social meanings, which is believed to put a larger burden on women than men. The aim was to compare attitudes and attributes of women and men using therapeutic shoes for diabetic foot complications. Methods: A questionnaire was posted to 1230 people with diabetes who had been fitted with therapeutic shoes. Women's and men's answers were compared using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and chi-square tests with Fischer's exact tests. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Questionnaires from 443 (36.0%) respondents (294 men, 149 women, mean age 69.2years) were analyzed. More men than women (p<0.05) had paid employment (20.4% vs 9.4%), had someone who reminded them to wear their therapeutic shoes (27.6% vs 10.0%), and had a history of foot ulcers (62.9% vs 46.3%) or minor amputation (17.7% vs 6.7%). More women than men received disability pension (18.8% vs 10.2%). Women reported worse general health, lower internal locus of control regarding ulcer prevention, and more negative attitudes to the appearance and price of therapeutic shoes and how they felt about wearing them in public. Other comparisons were non-significant: other shoe attributes, education, diabetes type, current foot ulcers, major amputations, satisfaction with shoe services, understanding of neuropathy as a risk factor, locus of control regarding ulcer healing, belief in the shoes' efficacy to prevent and heal ulcers, worries about ulcer healing and new ulcerations, self-efficacy, depression, shoe use/adherence, paying a fee for therapeutic shoes, and social support. Conclusions: Men had worse foot complications. Women had worse general health, lower internal locus of control regarding ulcer prevention, and more negative attitudes toward therapeutic shoes. Clinicians should pay more attention to their female patients' concerns. Fut, Funding Agency:Region Örebro County, Sweden

Background: Non-removable offloading devices are recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated plantar diabetic foot ulcers because adherence to using removable devices is low. However, patients may not always understand how crucial the non-removability is to ulcer healing, leaving them with the impression that it is the device per se that heals the ulcer. Thus, after ulcer healing when patients return to using removable offloading devices, typically therapeutic footwear, they often return to a low level of adherence resulting in high reulceration rates. To change this pattern of behavior based on a misconception, we need to start with how we as clinicians are conceptualizing treatment with offloading devices. Non-removable offloading devices as commitment devices: Commitment devices are voluntary restrictions people put on their future selves to resist short-term temptations and achieve long-term goals. In this paper, it is suggested that a change from viewing non-removable offloading devices as means to force compliance, to viewing them as commitment devices could facilitate a change to a clinical thinking that emphasizes the importance of high adherence without compromising respect for patient autonomy. Conclusion: Viewing non-removable offloading devices as commitment devices seems to be a promising approach to emphasize the importance of adherence while respecting patient autonomy. Hopefully, patients' higher appreciation of the role of adherence can lead to higher adherence to using therapeutic footwear after healing and consequently to reduced reulceration rates.

Background: Therapeutic shoes can prevent diabetic foot reulcerations but their use is complicated by the fact that shoes have psychological and social meanings, which is believed to put a larger burden on women than men. The aim was to compare attitudes and attributes of women and men using therapeutic shoes for diabetic foot complications. Methods: A questionnaire was posted to 1230 people with diabetes who had been fitted with therapeutic shoes. Women's and men's answers were compared using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and chi-square tests with Fischer's exact tests. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Questionnaires from 443 (36.0%) respondents (294 men, 149 women, mean age 69.2 years) were analyzed. More men than women (p < 0.05) had paid employment (20.4% vs 9.4%), had someone who reminded them to wear their therapeutic shoes (27.6% vs 10.0%), and had a history of foot ulcers (62.9% vs 46.3%) or minor amputation (17.7% vs 6.7%). More women than men received disability pension (18.8% vs 10.2%). Women reported worse general health, lower internal locus of control regarding ulcer prevention, and more negative attitudes to the appearance and price of therapeutic shoes and how they felt about wearing them in public. Other comparisons were non-significant: other shoe attributes, education, diabetes type, current foot ulcers, major amputations, satisfaction with shoe services, understanding of neuropathy as a risk factor, locus of control regarding ulcer healing, belief in the shoes' efficacy to prevent and heal ulcers, worries about ulcer healing and new ulcerations, self-efficacy, depression, shoe use/adherence, paying a fee for therapeutic shoes, and social support. Conclusions: Men had worse foot complications. Women had worse general health, lower internal locus of control regarding ulcer prevention, and more negative attitudes toward therapeutic shoes. Clinicians should pay more attention to their female patients' concerns

[Abstract] Background: The main purpose of this research was to determine the stability of three different sanitary shoes on nurses with eyes open and closed with respect to barefoot condition. In addition, the secondary aim was to determine the reliability of stability measurements under these different conditions. Methods: A crossover quasi-experimental study (NCT03764332) was performed. Twenty-six nurses who wore different sanitary shoes (Eva Plus Ultralight®, Gym Step® and Milan-SCL Liso®) were evaluated with respect to barefoot condition for stability measures on the Podoprint® podobarometric and stabilometry tool and with eyes open and closed. Furthermore, the reliability of stability measurements was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) under these different conditions. Results: Between-groups comparisons of the static and stabilometry podobarometric data with eyes open showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Milan-SCL Liso® sanitary shoes improved podobarometric data of forefoot force and distribution with respect to barefoot condition. Eva Plus Ultralight® and Gym Step® sanitary shoes increased the stroke length mean, stroke surface mean, and anterior speed mean as well as reduced y axis displacement mean with respect to barefoot condition. Similar findings were determined for measurements with eyes closed. ICCs ranged from poor to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.010–0.995). Conclusions: Sanitary shoes improved podobarometric and stabilometry stability with respect to barefoot condition.