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Marzieh Jahani Sayad Noveiri,1 Farshid Shamsaei,2 Masoud Khodaveisi,3 Zohreh Vanaki,4 Lily Tapak5 1Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 2Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 3Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Department of Community Health Nursing, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 4Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; 5Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranCorrespondence: Farshid ShamsaeiSchool of Nursing & Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Bulv., Hamadan 65178, IranTel +98-81-38381941Fax +98-81-38381942Email shamsaei68@yahoo.comBackground: Breast cancer is a problem that affects not only the individual’s health and quality of life, but also the functionality of the family system. Caregivers experience stress when their patients cannot cope with the symptoms of their disease. The stress experienced by caregivers gives rise to psychological and physical symptoms in them. This study seeks to present a complete set of tools for assessing coping in the spouses or caregivers of women with breast cancer and evaluate the various instruments developed within these lines of inquiry.Methods: A search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar and also in the reference lists of the key articles retrieved for any coping assessment instrument targeting family caregivers’ needs that had acceptable psychometric properties and was published until September 2019. The instruments used to assess coping in the spouses and caregivers of women with breast cancer were thus identified and their properties were described.Results: Overall, 88 adaptati

Efat Sadeghian,1 Parisa Rostami,2 Farshid Shamsaei,3 Lily Tapak4 1Assistant Professor, Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 2MSc of Psychiatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 3Associate Professor, Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 4Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IranCorrespondence: Farshid ShamsaeiSchool of Nursing & Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Bulv., Hamadan 65178, IranTel +98-81-38381941Email shamsaei68@yahoo.comPurpose: Despite its efficacy and safety, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is underutilized, in part, due to the stigma associated with the treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of counseling on stigma in patients with psychiatric disorders receiving ECT.Patients and methods: A total of 114 patients with psychiatric disorders undergoing ECT were randomly divided into two groups. Both the groups received routine care and treatment, but the intervention group (n=57) received four counseling sessions. At the beginning and end of the study (6 weeks, post-treatment), patients completed the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale. The data were analyzed using independent and paired sample t-tests.Results: There was no significant difference in the mean stigma scores of participants in the control and intervention groups before counseling (P>0.08). However, post-intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean stigma scores between both the groups (P<0.001).Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the counseling intervention is effective in decreasing stigma in patients undergoing ECT. Therefore, it is recommended to use this therapeutic method in such patients.Keywords: counseling, stigma, ment

Alireza Rahimi,1 Mohammad Ahmadpanah,1 Farshid Shamsaei,1 Fatemeh Cheraghi,2 Dena Sadeghi Bahmani,3 Edith Holsboer-Trachsler,3 Serge Brand3,4 1Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuses Research Center, Hamadan University of Medial Sciences, Hamadan, 2Research Center for Chronic Disease Care at Home, Hamadan University of Medial Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 3Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), 4Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Division of Sport and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Background: Sleep disturbances are a common co-occurring disturbance in patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) and accordingly deserve particular attention. Using a randomized design, we investigated the effects of three different adjuvant interventions on sleep and depression among patients with MDD: a sleep hygiene program (SHP), lorazepam (LOR), and their combination (SHP–LOR). Methods: A total of 120 outpatients with diagnosed MDD (mean age: 48.25 years; 56.7% females) and treated with a standard SSRI (citalopram at 20–40 mg at therapeutic level) were randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions: SHP (n=40), LOR (1 mg/d; n=40), SHP–LOR (1 mg/d; n=40). At the beginning and at the end of the study 8 weeks later, patients completed two questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep and the Beck Depression Inventory to assess symptoms of depression. Results: Sleep disturbances decreased over time and in all groups. No group differences or interactions were observed. Symptoms of depression decreased over time and in all three groups. Reduction in symptoms of depression was greatest in the SHP–LOR group and lowest in the LOR group. Conclusion: The pattern of results suggests that all three adjuvant treatments improved symptoms of sleep disturbances and depression