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1. Coping with COVID: risk and resilience factors for mental health in a German representative panel study

Author

Riepenhausen, A, Veer, I, Wackerhagen, C, Reppmann, Z, Köber, G, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bögemann, S, Corrao, G, Felez-Nobrega, M, Abad, J, Hermans, E, van Leeuwen, J, Lieb, K, Lorant, V, Mary-Krause, M, Mediavilla, R, Melchior, M, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Pan, K, Puhlmann, L, Roelofs, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Witteveen, A, Zerban, M, Kalisch, R, Kröger, H, Walter, H, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, Walter, Henrik, Riepenhausen, A, Veer, I, Wackerhagen, C, Reppmann, Z, Köber, G, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bögemann, S, Corrao, G, Felez-Nobrega, M, Abad, J, Hermans, E, van Leeuwen, J, Lieb, K, Lorant, V, Mary-Krause, M, Mediavilla, R, Melchior, M, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Pan, K, Puhlmann, L, Roelofs, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Witteveen, A, Zerban, M, Kalisch, R, Kröger, H, Walter, H, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, and Walter, Henrik

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic might affect mental health. Data from population-representative panel surveys with multiple waves including pre-COVID data investigating risk and protective factors are still rare. Methods: In a stratified random sample of the German household population (n=6,684), we conducted survey-weighted multiple linear regressions to determine the association of various psychological risk and protective factors assessed between 2015 and 2020 with changes in psychological distress (PD; measured via PHQ-4) from pre-pandemic (average of 2016 and 2019) to peri-pandemic (both 2020 and 2021) time points. Control analyses on PD change between two pre-pandemic time points (2016 and 2019) were conducted. Regularized regressions were computed to inform on which factors were statistically most influential in the multicollinear setting. Results: PHQ-4 scores in 2020 (M=2.45) and 2021 (M=2.21) were elevated compared to 2019 (M=1.79). Several risk factors (catastrophizing, neuroticism, asking for instrumental support) and protective factors (perceived stress recovery, positive reappraisal, optimism) were identified for the peri-pandemic outcomes. Control analyses revealed that in pre-pandemic times, neuroticism and optimism were predominantly related to PD changes. Regularized regression mostly confirmed the results and highlighted perceived stress recovery as most consistent influential protective factor across peri-pandemic outcomes. Conclusions: We identified several psychological risk and protective factors related to PD outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparison to pre-pandemic data stress the relevance of longitudinal assessments to potentially reconcile contradictory findings. Implications and suggestions for targeted prevention and intervention programs during highly stressful times such as pandemics are discussed.

Published
2023

2. Psychological Resilience Factors and Their Association With Weekly Stressor Reactivity During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Europe: Prospective Longitudinal Study

Author

Bögemann, Sophie A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9382-0769, Puhlmann, Lara M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-8770, Wackerhagen, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-3472, Zerban, Matthias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-3271, Riepenhausen, Antje; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-5349, Köber, Göran; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-0860, Yuen, Kenneth S L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-9070, Pooseh, Shakoor; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5441-9507, Marciniak, Marta Anna; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-3269, Reppmann, Zala; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-9651, Uściƚko, Aleksandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-7190, Weermeijer, Jeroen; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-795X, Lenferink, Dionne B; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1699-8315, Mituniewicz, Julian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-5784, Robak, Natalia; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-3745, Donner, Nina C; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-1408, Mestdagh, Merijn; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-861X, Verdonck, Stijn; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-1072, van Dick, Rolf; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9466, Kleim, Birgit; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-2917, Lieb, Klaus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-4261, van Leeuwen, Judith M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7105-0038, Kobylińska, Dorota; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-2595, Myin-Germeys, Inez; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3731-4930, Walter, Henrik; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-6121, Tüscher, Oliver; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-5301, Hermans, Erno J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1339-8639, Veer, Ilya M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-3593, Kalisch, Raffael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9503-7601, Bögemann, Sophie A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9382-0769, Puhlmann, Lara M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-8770, Wackerhagen, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-3472, Zerban, Matthias; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-3271, Riepenhausen, Antje; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-5349, Köber, Göran; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-0860, Yuen, Kenneth S L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-9070, Pooseh, Shakoor; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5441-9507, Marciniak, Marta Anna; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-3269, Reppmann, Zala; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-9651, Uściƚko, Aleksandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-7190, Weermeijer, Jeroen; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-795X, Lenferink, Dionne B; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1699-8315, Mituniewicz, Julian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-5784, Robak, Natalia; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-3745, Donner, Nina C; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-1408, Mestdagh, Merijn; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-861X, Verdonck, Stijn; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-1072, van Dick, Rolf; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9466, Kleim, Birgit; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-2917, Lieb, Klaus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-4261, van Leeuwen, Judith M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7105-0038, Kobylińska, Dorota; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-2595, Myin-Germeys, Inez; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3731-4930, Walter, Henrik; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-6121, Tüscher, Oliver; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-5301, Hermans, Erno J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1339-8639, Veer, Ilya M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-3593, and Kalisch, Raffael; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9503-7601

Abstract

Background Cross-sectional relationships between psychosocial resilience factors (RFs) and resilience, operationalized as the outcome of low mental health reactivity to stressor exposure (low “stressor reactivity” [SR]), were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Objective Extending these findings, we here examined prospective relationships and weekly dynamics between the same RFs and SR in a longitudinal sample during the aftermath of the first wave in several European countries. Methods Over 5 weeks of app-based assessments, participants reported weekly stressor exposure, mental health problems, RFs, and demographic data in 1 of 6 different languages. As (partly) preregistered, hypotheses were tested cross-sectionally at baseline (N=558), and longitudinally (n=200), using mixed effects models and mediation analyses. Results RFs at baseline, including positive appraisal style (PAS), optimism (OPT), general self-efficacy (GSE), perceived good stress recovery (REC), and perceived social support (PSS), were negatively associated with SR scores, not only cross-sectionally (baseline SR scores; all P<.001) but also prospectively (average SR scores across subsequent weeks; positive appraisal (PA), P=.008; OPT, P<.001; GSE, P=.01; REC, P<.001; and PSS, P=.002). In both associations, PAS mediated the effects of PSS on SR (cross-sectionally: 95% CI –0.064 to –0.013; prospectively: 95% CI –0.074 to –0.0008). In the analyses of weekly RF-SR dynamics, the RFs PA of stressors generally and specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and GSE were negatively associated with SR in a contemporaneous fashion (PA, P<.001; PAC,P=.03; and GSE, P<.001), but not in a lagged fashion (PA, P=.36; PAC, P=.52; and GSE, P=.06). Conclusions We identified psychological RFs that prospectively predict resilience and cofluctuate with weekly SR within individuals. These prospective results endorse that the previously reported RF-SR associations do not exclusively reflect

Published
2023

3. Coping with COVID: risk and resilience factors for mental health in a German representative panel study

Author

Riepenhausen, A, Veer, I, Wackerhagen, C, Reppmann, Z, Köber, G, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bögemann, S, Corrao, G, Felez-Nobrega, M, Abad, J, Hermans, E, van Leeuwen, J, Lieb, K, Lorant, V, Mary-Krause, M, Mediavilla, R, Melchior, M, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Pan, K, Puhlmann, L, Roelofs, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Witteveen, A, Zerban, M, Kalisch, R, Kröger, H, Walter, H, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, Walter, Henrik, Riepenhausen, A, Veer, I, Wackerhagen, C, Reppmann, Z, Köber, G, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bögemann, S, Corrao, G, Felez-Nobrega, M, Abad, J, Hermans, E, van Leeuwen, J, Lieb, K, Lorant, V, Mary-Krause, M, Mediavilla, R, Melchior, M, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Pan, K, Puhlmann, L, Roelofs, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Witteveen, A, Zerban, M, Kalisch, R, Kröger, H, Walter, H, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, and Walter, Henrik

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic might affect mental health. Data from population-representative panel surveys with multiple waves including pre-COVID data investigating risk and protective factors are still rare. Methods: In a stratified random sample of the German household population (n=6,684), we conducted survey-weighted multiple linear regressions to determine the association of various psychological risk and protective factors assessed between 2015 and 2020 with changes in psychological distress (PD; measured via PHQ-4) from pre-pandemic (average of 2016 and 2019) to peri-pandemic (both 2020 and 2021) time points. Control analyses on PD change between two pre-pandemic time points (2016 and 2019) were conducted. Regularized regressions were computed to inform on which factors were statistically most influential in the multicollinear setting. Results: PHQ-4 scores in 2020 (M=2.45) and 2021 (M=2.21) were elevated compared to 2019 (M=1.79). Several risk factors (catastrophizing, neuroticism, asking for instrumental support) and protective factors (perceived stress recovery, positive reappraisal, optimism) were identified for the peri-pandemic outcomes. Control analyses revealed that in pre-pandemic times, neuroticism and optimism were predominantly related to PD changes. Regularized regression mostly confirmed the results and highlighted perceived stress recovery as most consistent influential protective factor across peri-pandemic outcomes. Conclusions: We identified several psychological risk and protective factors related to PD outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparison to pre-pandemic data stress the relevance of longitudinal assessments to potentially reconcile contradictory findings. Implications and suggestions for targeted prevention and intervention programs during highly stressful times such as pandemics are discussed.

Published
2022

4. Coping With COVID: Risk and Resilience Factors for Mental Health in a German Representative Panel Study

Author

UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Compagnoni, Matteo Monzio, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, Walter, Henrik, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Riepenhausen, Antje, Veer, Ilya M., Wackerhagen, Carolin, Reppmann, Zala C., Köber, Göran, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bögemann, Sophie A., Corrao, Giovanni, Felez-Nobrega, Mireia, Abad, Josep Maria Haro, Hermans, Erno, van Leeuwen, Judith, Lieb, Klaus, Lorant, Vincent, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Mediavilla, Roberto, Melchior, Maria, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Compagnoni, Matteo Monzio, Pan, Kuan-Yu, Puhlmann, Lara, Roelofs, Karin, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Witteveen, Anke, Zerban, Matthias, Kalisch, Raffael, Kröger, Hannes, and Walter, Henrik

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic might affect mental health. Data from population-representative panel surveys with multiple waves including pre-COVID data investigating risk and protective factors are still rare. Methods: In a stratified random sample of the German household population (n=6,684), we conducted survey-weighted multiple linear regressions to determine the association of various psychological risk and protective factors assessed between 2015 and 2020 with changes in psychological distress (PD; measured via PHQ-4) from pre-pandemic (average of 2016 and 2019) to peri-pandemic (both 2020 and 2021) time points. Control analyses on PD change between two pre-pandemic time points (2016 and 2019) were conducted. Regularized regressions were computed to inform on which factors were statistically most influential in the multicollinear setting. Results: PHQ-4 scores in 2020 (M=2.45) and 2021 (M=2.21) were elevated compared to 2019 (M=1.79). Several risk factors (catastrophizing, neuroticism, asking for instrumental support) and protective factors (perceived stress recovery, positive reappraisal, optimism) were identified for the peri-pandemic outcomes. Control analyses revealed that in pre-pandemic times, neuroticism and optimism were predominantly related to PD changes. Regularized regression mostly confirmed the results and highlighted perceived stress recovery as most consistent influential protective factor across peri-pandemic outcomes. Conclusions: We identified several psychological risk and protective factors related to PD outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparison to pre-pandemic data stress the relevance of longitudinal assessments to potentially reconcile contradictory findings. Implications and suggestions for targeted prevention and intervention programs during highly stressful times such as pandemics are discussed

Published
2022

5. Impact of work arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in France

Author

Hecker, I, El Aarbaoui, T, Wallez, S, Andersen, A, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bryant, R, Corrao, G, Mcdaid, D, Mediavilla, R, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Park, A, Riepenhausen, A, Rigotti, T, Seeber, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Walter, H, Witteveen, A, Mary-Krause, M, Melchior, M, Hecker, Irwin, El Aarbaoui, Tarik, Wallez, Solène, Andersen, Astrid Juhl, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bryant, Richard, Corrao, Giovanni, McDaid, David, Mediavilla, Roberto, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Park, A-La, Riepenhausen, Antje, Rigotti, Thomas, Seeber, Katharina, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Walter, Henrik, Witteveen, Anke, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Melchior, Maria, Hecker, I, El Aarbaoui, T, Wallez, S, Andersen, A, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Bryant, R, Corrao, G, Mcdaid, D, Mediavilla, R, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Park, A, Riepenhausen, A, Rigotti, T, Seeber, K, Sijbrandij, M, Smith, P, Tüscher, O, Walter, H, Witteveen, A, Mary-Krause, M, Melchior, M, Hecker, Irwin, El Aarbaoui, Tarik, Wallez, Solène, Andersen, Astrid Juhl, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bryant, Richard, Corrao, Giovanni, McDaid, David, Mediavilla, Roberto, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Monzio Compagnoni, Matteo, Park, A-La, Riepenhausen, Antje, Rigotti, Thomas, Seeber, Katharina, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Walter, Henrik, Witteveen, Anke, Mary-Krause, Murielle, and Melchior, Maria

Abstract

•Symptoms of anxiety/depression were found in 28.8% of the participants at least once.•Unemployment and financial difficulties were associated with anxiety/depression.•Targeted mental health support could lessen mental health impact.

Published
2022

6. Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown

Author

Veer, Ilya M., Riepenhausen, Antje, Zerban, Matthias, Wackerhagen, Carolin, Puhlmann, Lara M. C., Engen, Haakon, Köber, Göran, Bögemann, Sophie A., Weermeijer, Jeroen, Uściłko, Aleksandra, Mor, Netali, Marciniak, Marta A., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Al-Kamel, Abbas, Ayash, Sarah, Barsuola, Giulia, Bartkute-Norkuniene, Vaida, Battaglia, Simone, Bobko, Yaryna, Bölte, Sven, Cardone, Paolo, Chvojková, Edita, Damnjanović, Kaja, De Calheiros Velozo, Joana, de Thurah, Lena, Deza-Araujo, Yacila I., Dimitrov, Annika, Farkas, Kinga, Feller, Clémence, Gazea, Mary, Gilan, Donya, Gnjidić, Vedrana, Hajduk, Michal, Hiekkaranta, Anu P., Hofgaard, Live S., Ilen, Laura, Kasanova, Zuzana, Khanpour, Mohsen, Lau, Bobo Hi Po, Lenferink, Dionne B., Lindhardt, Thomas B., Magas, Dávid Á., Mituniewicz, Julian, Moreno-López, Laura, Muzychka, Sofiia, Ntafouli, Maria, O’Leary, Aet, Paparella, Ilenia, Põldver, Nele, Rintala, Aki, Robak, Natalia, Rosická, Anna M., Røysamb, Espen, Sadeghi, Siavash, Schneider, Maude, Siugzdaite, Roma, Stantić, Mirta, Teixeira, Ana, Todorovic, Ana, Wan, Wendy W. N., van Dick, Rolf, Lieb, Klaus, Kleim, Birgit, Hermans, Erno J., Kobylińska, Dorota, Hendler, Talma, Binder, Harald, Myin-Germeys, Inez, van Leeuwen, Judith M. C., Tüscher, Oliver, Yuen, Kenneth S. L., Walter, Henrik, Kalisch, Raffael, Veer, Ilya M., Riepenhausen, Antje, Zerban, Matthias, Wackerhagen, Carolin, Puhlmann, Lara M. C., Engen, Haakon, Köber, Göran, Bögemann, Sophie A., Weermeijer, Jeroen, Uściłko, Aleksandra, Mor, Netali, Marciniak, Marta A., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Al-Kamel, Abbas, Ayash, Sarah, Barsuola, Giulia, Bartkute-Norkuniene, Vaida, Battaglia, Simone, Bobko, Yaryna, Bölte, Sven, Cardone, Paolo, Chvojková, Edita, Damnjanović, Kaja, De Calheiros Velozo, Joana, de Thurah, Lena, Deza-Araujo, Yacila I., Dimitrov, Annika, Farkas, Kinga, Feller, Clémence, Gazea, Mary, Gilan, Donya, Gnjidić, Vedrana, Hajduk, Michal, Hiekkaranta, Anu P., Hofgaard, Live S., Ilen, Laura, Kasanova, Zuzana, Khanpour, Mohsen, Lau, Bobo Hi Po, Lenferink, Dionne B., Lindhardt, Thomas B., Magas, Dávid Á., Mituniewicz, Julian, Moreno-López, Laura, Muzychka, Sofiia, Ntafouli, Maria, O’Leary, Aet, Paparella, Ilenia, Põldver, Nele, Rintala, Aki, Robak, Natalia, Rosická, Anna M., Røysamb, Espen, Sadeghi, Siavash, Schneider, Maude, Siugzdaite, Roma, Stantić, Mirta, Teixeira, Ana, Todorovic, Ana, Wan, Wendy W. N., van Dick, Rolf, Lieb, Klaus, Kleim, Birgit, Hermans, Erno J., Kobylińska, Dorota, Hendler, Talma, Binder, Harald, Myin-Germeys, Inez, van Leeuwen, Judith M. C., Tüscher, Oliver, Yuen, Kenneth S. L., Walter, Henrik, and Kalisch, Raffael

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health but is also having severe impacts on mental health. Although increases in stress-related symptomatology and other adverse psycho-social outcomes, as well as their most important risk factors have been described, hardly anything is known about potential protective factors. Resilience refers to the maintenance of mental health despite adversity. To gain mechanistic insights about the relationship between described psycho-social resilience factors and resilience specifically in the current crisis, we assessed resilience factors, exposure to Corona crisis-specific and general stressors, as well as internalizing symptoms in a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 24 languages during the most intense phase of the lockdown in Europe (22 March to 19 April) in a convenience sample of N = 15,970 adults. Resilience, as an outcome, was conceptualized as good mental health despite stressor exposure and measured as the inverse residual between actual and predicted symptom total score. Preregistered hypotheses (osf.io/r6btn) were tested with multiple regression models and mediation analyses. Results confirmed our primary hypothesis that positive appraisal style (PAS) is positively associated with resilience (p < 0.0001). The resilience factor PAS also partly mediated the positive association between perceived social support and resilience, and its association with resilience was in turn partly mediated by the ability to easily recover from stress (both p < 0.0001). In comparison with other resilience factors, good stress response recovery and positive appraisal specifically of the consequences of the Corona crisis were the strongest factors. Preregistered exploratory subgroup analyses (osf.io/thka9) showed that all tested resilience factors generalize across major socio-demographic categories. This research identifies modifiable protective factors that can be targeted by public mental health efforts in this and i

Published
2021

7. Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown

Author

Veer, Ilya M, Riepenhausen, Antje; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-5349, Zerban, Matthias, Wackerhagen, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-3472, Puhlmann, Lara M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-8770, Engen, Haakon, Köber, Göran, Bögemann, Sophie A, Weermeijer, Jeroen, et al, Marciniak, Marta A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-3269, Kleim, Birgit; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-2917, Veer, Ilya M, Riepenhausen, Antje; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-5349, Zerban, Matthias, Wackerhagen, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-3472, Puhlmann, Lara M C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-8770, Engen, Haakon, Köber, Göran, Bögemann, Sophie A, Weermeijer, Jeroen, et al, Marciniak, Marta A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-3269, and Kleim, Birgit; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-2917

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health but is also having severe impacts on mental health. Although increases in stress-related symptomatology and other adverse psycho-social outcomes, as well as their most important risk factors have been described, hardly anything is known about potential protective factors. Resilience refers to the maintenance of mental health despite adversity. To gain mechanistic insights about the relationship between described psycho-social resilience factors and resilience specifically in the current crisis, we assessed resilience factors, exposure to Corona crisis-specific and general stressors, as well as internalizing symptoms in a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 24 languages during the most intense phase of the lockdown in Europe (22 March to 19 April) in a convenience sample of N = 15,970 adults. Resilience, as an outcome, was conceptualized as good mental health despite stressor exposure and measured as the inverse residual between actual and predicted symptom total score. Preregistered hypotheses (osf.io/r6btn) were tested with multiple regression models and mediation analyses. Results confirmed our primary hypothesis that positive appraisal style (PAS) is positively associated with resilience (p < 0.0001). The resilience factor PAS also partly mediated the positive association between perceived social support and resilience, and its association with resilience was in turn partly mediated by the ability to easily recover from stress (both p < 0.0001). In comparison with other resilience factors, good stress response recovery and positive appraisal specifically of the consequences of the Corona crisis were the strongest factors. Preregistered exploratory subgroup analyses (osf.io/thka9) showed that all tested resilience factors generalize across major socio-demographic categories. This research identifies modifiable protective factors that can be targeted by public mental health efforts in this and i

Published
2021

8. Healthy women with severe early life trauma show altered neural facilitation of emotion inhibition under acute stress

Author

Golde, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-3323, Wingenfeld, Katja, Riepenhausen, Antje, Schröter, Nina, Fleischer, Juliane, Prüssner, Jens, Grimm, Simone, Fan, Yan, Hellmann-Regen, Julian, Beck, Anne, Gold, Stefan M, Otte, Christian, Golde, Sabrina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-3323, Wingenfeld, Katja, Riepenhausen, Antje, Schröter, Nina, Fleischer, Juliane, Prüssner, Jens, Grimm, Simone, Fan, Yan, Hellmann-Regen, Julian, Beck, Anne, Gold, Stefan M, and Otte, Christian

Abstract

BACKGROUND Across psychopathologies, trauma-exposed individuals suffer from difficulties in inhibiting emotions and regulating attention. In trauma-exposed individuals without psychopathology, only subtle alterations of neural activity involved in regulating emotions have been reported. It remains unclear how these neural systems react to demanding environments, when acute (non-traumatic but ordinary) stress serves to perturbate the system. Moreover, associations with subthreshold clinical symptoms are poorly understood. METHODS The present fMRI study investigated response inhibition of emotional faces before and after psychosocial stress situations. Specifically, it compared 25 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.7 years) who had suffered severe early life trauma but who did not have a history of or current psychiatric disorder, with 25 age- and education-matched trauma-naïve women. RESULTS Under stress, response inhibition related to fearful faces was reduced in both groups. Compared to controls, trauma-exposed women showed decreased left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation under stress when inhibiting responses to fearful faces, while activation of the right anterior insula was slightly increased. Also, groups differed in brain-behaviour correlations. Whereas stress-induced false alarm rates on fearful stimuli negatively correlated with stress-induced IFG signal in controls, in trauma-exposed participants, they positively correlated with stress-induced insula activation. CONCLUSION Neural facilitation of emotion inhibition during stress appears to be altered in trauma-exposed women, even without a history of or current psychopathology. Decreased activation of the IFG in concert with heightened bottom-up salience of fear related cues may increase vulnerability to stress-related diseases.

Published
2020

9. Impact of work arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in France

Author

Hecker, Irwin, El Aarbaoui, Tarik, Wallez, Solène, Andersen, Astrid Juhl, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bryant, Richard, Corrao, Giovanni, McDaid, David, Mediavilla, Roberto, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Compagnoni, Matteo Monzio, Park, A-La, Riepenhausen, Antje, Rigotti, Thomas, Seeber, Katharina, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Walter, Henrik, Witteveen, Anke, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Melchior, Maria, Hecker, Irwin, El Aarbaoui, Tarik, Wallez, Solène, Andersen, Astrid Juhl, Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, Bryant, Richard, Corrao, Giovanni, McDaid, David, Mediavilla, Roberto, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Compagnoni, Matteo Monzio, Park, A-La, Riepenhausen, Antje, Rigotti, Thomas, Seeber, Katharina, Sijbrandij, Marit, Smith, Pierre, Tüscher, Oliver, Walter, Henrik, Witteveen, Anke, Mary-Krause, Murielle, and Melchior, Maria

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