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Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures that exhibit fascinating physical behaviours and large potential in highly energy-efficient spintronic device applications. The main obstacles so far are that skyrmions have been observed in only a few exotic materials and at low temperatures, and fast current-driven motion of individual skyrmions has not yet been achieved. Here, we report the observation of stable magnetic skyrmions at room temperature in ultrathin transition metal ferromagnets with magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy. We demonstrate the ability to generate stable skyrmion lattices and drive trains of individual skyrmions by short current pulses along a magnetic racetrack at speeds exceeding 100 m s-1as required for applications. Our findings provide experimental evidence of recent predictions and open the door to room-temperature skyrmion spintronics in robust thin-film heterostructures., United States. Department of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award DE-SC0012371)

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures that exhibit fascinating physical behaviours and large potential in highly energy-efficient spintronic device applications. The main obstacles so far are that skyrmions have been observed in only a few exotic materials and at low temperatures, and fast current-driven motion of individual skyrmions has not yet been achieved. Here, we report the observation of stable magnetic skyrmions at room temperature in ultrathin transition metal ferromagnets with magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy. We demonstrate the ability to generate stable skyrmion lattices and drive trains of individual skyrmions by short current pulses along a magnetic racetrack at speeds exceeding 100 m s(-1) as required for applications. Our findings provide experimental evidence of recent predictions and open the door to room-temperature skyrmion spintronics in robust thin-film heterostructures.

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures that exhibit fascinating physical behaviours and large potential in highly energy-efficient spintronic device applications. The main obstacles so far are that skyrmions have been observed in only a few exotic materials and at low temperatures, and fast current-driven motion of individual skyrmions has not yet been achieved. Here, we report the observation of stable magnetic skyrmions at room temperature in ultrathin transition metal ferromagnets with magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy. We demonstrate the ability to generate stable skyrmion lattices and drive trains of individual skyrmions by short current pulses along a magnetic racetrack at speeds exceeding 100 m s(-1) as required for applications. Our findings provide experimental evidence of recent predictions and open the door to room-temperature skyrmion spintronics in robust thin-film heterostructures.

The magnetic and magneto-optic properties of epitaxial CeY[subscript 2]Fe[subscript 5]O[subscript 12] (Ce ∶ YIG) and Y[subscript 3]Fe[subscript 5]O[subscript 12] (yttrium iron garnet or YIG) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on gadolinium gallium garnet substrates are determined. An enhanced Faraday effect is known to result from Ce substitution into the yttrium iron garnet lattice, and here we characterize the magneto-optic Kerr effect, as well as the magnetic hysteresis and ferromagnetic resonance response that result from the Ce substitution. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a high crystallographic quality for the Ce ∶ YIG films. Measurements of the magneto-optic Kerr effect for two different wavelengths demonstrate that the Ce ∶ YIG exhibits an up-to-tenfold increase in Kerr rotation compared to YIG. The Ce ∶ YIG has a slightly larger magnetic moment, as well as increased magnetic damping and higher magnetic anisotropy compared to YIG with a dependence on the crystalline orientation. By specific cerium substitution in YIG, our results show that the engineering of a large Kerr effect and tailored magnetic anisotropy becomes possible as required for magneto-optically active spintronic devices., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SPP 1538 "Spin Caloric Transport"), Graudate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz (GSC 266), Germany. Federal Ministry of Education and Science ("Mainz-MIT Seed Fund" BMBF 01DM12012), European Commission (IFOX, NMP3-LA-2012246102), European Commission (INSPIN, FP7-ICT-2013-X 612759), European Commission (MASPIC, ERC-2007-StG 208162), National Science Foundation (U.S.)