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Lewis Bonham, letters (1971)

Kenneth J Tomaszewski,1 Nicole Ferko,2 Sarah S Hollmann,2 Simona C Eng,3 Howard M Richard,4 Lynn Rowe,5 Susan Sproule6 1KJT Group, Inc., Honeoye Falls, NY, USA; 2Cornerstone Research Group, Inc., Burlington, ON, Canada; 3Department of Hospitalist/Inpatient Services, Peninsula Regional Medical Center, Salisbury, MD, USA; 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; 5Department of Research, Florida Hospital, Maitland, FL, USA; 6Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Unity Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA Background: The Sherlock 3CG™ Tip Confirmation System (TCS) provides real-time peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) tip insertion information using passive magnetic navigation and patient cardiac electrical activity. It is an alternative tip confirmation method to fluoroscopy or chest X-ray for PICC tip insertion confirmation in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate time and cost of the Sherlock 3CG TCS and blind insertion with chest X-ray tip confirmation (BI/CXR) for PICC insertions.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational Time and Motion study was conducted. Data were collected at four hospitals in the US. Two hospitals used Sherlock 3CG TCS and two hospitals used BI/CXR to place/confirm successful PICC tip location. Researchers observed PICC insertions, collecting data from the beginning (ie, PICC kit opening) to catheter tip confirmation (ie, released for intravenous [IV] therapy). An economic model was developed to project outcomes for a larger population.Results: A total of 120 subjects were enrolled, with 60 subjects enrolled in each arm and 30 enrolled at each of the four US hospitals. The mean time from initiation of the PICC procedure to the time to release for IV therapy was 33.93 minutes in the Sherlock 3CG arm and 176.32 minutes in the BI/CXR arm (p < 0.001). No malpositions were observed for PICC insertions using the Sherlock 3CG TCS, while 20% of subjects

Numerous examples of non-linear survival curves, plotted as log surviving cells vs. time, for bacteria exposed to heat have been reported. Factors which may affect the shape of a survival curve and the heat resistance of bacteria include temperature, pH, and NaCl concentration. Many studies have examined the effect of these factors individually, but little information exists on the combined effects. The objective of this study was to mathematically model non-linear survival curves to account for these factors and their interactions simultaneously. Heat resistance of Listeria monocytogenes(L. monocytogenes) was determined in O.lM KH₂P0₄ buffer and in infant formula at three temperatures (50, 55, and 60 C), three pH levels (5, 6, and 7), and three NaCl concentrations (0, 2, 4%). Survival curves were fit using linear regression, non-linear regression with a modified logistic equation, and non-linear regression with a modified Gompertz equation.

Log phase cells of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A were heat shocked in Trypticase Soy + 0.6% Yeast Extract broth at 40, 44, and 45°C for 3, 10 and 20 min at each temperature, followed by heating at 55â C for 50 minutes in order to determine an optimum heat shock response. Most heat shock temperatures significantly increased thermal resistance (p < 0.05). Increasing heat shock temperature and time allowed the organism to survive much longer at 50 to 65°C than nonheat shocked cells. The optimal heat shock condition was 45°C for 20 min where D-values at 55°C increased 2.3 fold in non-selective agar and 1.6 fold in selective agar in comparison to non-heat shocked cells. However, cells heat shocked at 48°C for 10 min gave more consistent results; these cells were heated at 50, 55, 60, and 65°C to determine a z-value. Although D-values notably increased due to heat shocking, z-values remained constant regardless of the plating medium. When aerobically heat shocked cells (45°C for 10 min) were plated on a non-selective or a selective medium, a 1.4x increase in D-value was observed when enumerated under strictly anaerobic conditions. Aerobically heat shocked cells (48°C for 10 min) added to shrimp samples retained the increased heat resistance at 55°C when enumerated on a nonselective medium compared to the non-heat shocked cells. Heat shocking conditions may be created in pasteurization or minimal thermal processing of foods allowing increased heat resistance of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms.

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Michigan Quarterly Review: vol. XLIV, no. 3, (dlps) act2080.0044.302, http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.act2080.0044.302, This work is protected by copyright and may be linked to without seeking permission. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu for more information.

Michigan Quarterly Review: vol. XLII, no. 3, (dlps) act2080.0042.305, http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.act2080.0042.305, This work is protected by copyright and may be linked to without seeking permission. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu for more information.

Zero base budgeting is neither a new concept nor one founded in the traditions of private and public budget systems. It is, instead, the latest in a long series of budget reform movements bent upon rationalizing an otherwise incremental process. No longer a theoretical construct in search of an application, successful instances of zero base budgeting are more frequently being encountered in state government as well as private enterprise. Implementation in the federal sector, however, poses new difficulties which must be recognized lest zero base budgeting follow the course of previous reforms. By examining the budget reform movement as well as current zero base applications, this thesis attempts to identify those difficulties, offer possible solutions, and in so doing, outline an approach to federal implementation. (Author)

Recent research by Harrison on the stability of parallel flows resulted in a successful solution of plane Poiseuille flow but produced unexplained anomalies for pipe flow. The purpose of the research in this paper was to find and correct errors in Harrison's initial analysis of the pipe flow problem. A minor error in Harrison's numerical method was corrected. Moreover, it proved necessary to reanalyze the conditions on the axis of symmetry of the pipe. These changes finally made it possible to obtain reasonable results. Owing to time limitations, the number of solutions obtained using the corrected program was sufficient only to confirm its general validity. However, the results obtained are significant in that they disclose instabilities which are known to exist but which have not been accounted for in previous theoretical investigations. (Author)

not available

An experimental investigation was conducted to examine the effects of fuel-air ratio, fuel additives, fuel composition and inlet air temperature on particle sizes in a gas turbine combustor and augmentor tube. Equipment improvements led to validation of two optical sizing techniques, three-wavelength light transmittance and three-angle forward light scattering. Generally, data obtained agreed well with results of earlier investigations. Particle size variations within the combustor due to changing variables were documented. Effects of changing variables were dependent on inlet conditions and station. Fuel-air ratio had no effect on combustor or augmentor tube exhaust particle size. Raising inlet air temperature did not significantly alter particle size within the combustor. The smoke suppressant, ferrocene, did not affect particle size uniformly within the combustor but significantly reduced the augmentor exhaust particle size, especially when combined with an increase in inlet air temperature.

The Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentary processes are interpreted for an area of continental shelf and slope on the eastern side of the South Island, New Zealand, between latitudes 43°00's and 44°50's. Two formations are recognised in the Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the shelf: the Canterbury Bight Formation of mainly Last Glacia1 age and, locally overlying it, the Pegasus Formation of mainly Holocene age. The formations are distinguished by shelf-wide unconformities (visib1e in seismic profiles), by geomorphology, by grain-size modes, and by macrofauna. Ridge-and-swa1e topography occurs on two scales on the shelf. Very large ridges and troughs are interpreted from microbathymetry, stratigraphy, sediments and macrofauna to be the remains of Pleistocene barrier/lagoon complexes. With the aid of radiocarbon dates, four well developed shorelines between 28,000 yr and 15,000 yr old are recognised. The smaller ridges are submarine features, formed by strong currents. Those ridges that are in a zone of constricted and accelerated currents near Banks Peninsula are active, while those well removed from the peninsula constriction are fossil and date from times of lower sea level. Sedimentation on the continental shelf has reached a state of equilibrium with the modern hydraulic regime. Relict sediments of the deglacial transgressive sand/gravel sheet are being reworked in zones of high energy, principally in the region of constricted flow around Banks Peninsula. Modern-input sand (distinguished by its grain-size mode) is restricted by currents mainly to an active belt near shore, but locally it has replaced palimpsest sand on the middle shelf. The modern mud facies, being confined by zones of higher energy, has reached its maximum areal extent; its greatest thickness is in Pegasus Bay. Sea-bed drifter studies, and studies of sediment texture and provenance show that net sediment movement on the shelf and along shore during both Pleistocene and modern times has be

Zero base budgeting is neither a new concept nor one founded in the traditions of private and public budget systems. It is, instead, the latest in a long series of budget reform movements bent upon rationalizing an otherwise incremental process. No longer a theoretical construct in search of an application, successful instances of zero base budgeting are more frequently being encountered in state government as well as private enterprise. Implementation in the federal sector, however, poses new difficulties which must be recognized lest zero base budgeting follow the course of previous reforms. By examining the budget reform movement as well as current zero base applications, this thesis attempts to identify those difficulties, offer possible solutions, and in so doing, outline an approach to federal implementation.

The Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentary processes are interpreted for an area of continental shelf and slope on the eastern side of the South Island, New Zealand, between latitudes 43°00's and 44°50's. Two formations are recognised in the Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the shelf: the Canterbury Bight Formation of mainly Last Glacia1 age and, locally overlying it, the Pegasus Formation of mainly Holocene age. The formations are distinguished by shelf-wide unconformities (visib1e in seismic profiles), by geomorphology, by grain-size modes, and by macrofauna. Ridge-and-swa1e topography occurs on two scales on the shelf. Very large ridges and troughs are interpreted from microbathymetry, stratigraphy, sediments and macrofauna to be the remains of Pleistocene barrier/lagoon complexes. With the aid of radiocarbon dates, four well developed shorelines between 28,000 yr and 15,000 yr old are recognised. The smaller ridges are submarine features, formed by strong currents. Those ridges that are in a zone of constricted and accelerated currents near Banks Peninsula are active, while those well removed from the peninsula constriction are fossil and date from times of lower sea level. Sedimentation on the continental shelf has reached a state of equilibrium with the modern hydraulic regime. Relict sediments of the deglacial transgressive sand/gravel sheet are being reworked in zones of high energy, principally in the region of constricted flow around Banks Peninsula. Modern-input sand (distinguished by its grain-size mode) is restricted by currents mainly to an active belt near shore, but locally it has replaced palimpsest sand on the middle shelf. The modern mud facies, being confined by zones of higher energy, has reached its maximum areal extent; its greatest thickness is in Pegasus Bay. Sea-bed drifter studies, and studies of sediment texture and provenance show that net sediment movement on the shelf and along shore during both Pleistocene and modern times has be

The Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentary processes are interpreted for an area of continental shelf and slope on the eastern side of the South Island, New Zealand, between latitudes 43°00's and 44°50's. Two formations are recognised in the Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the shelf: the Canterbury Bight Formation of mainly Last Glacia1 age and, locally overlying it, the Pegasus Formation of mainly Holocene age. The formations are distinguished by shelf-wide unconformities (visib1e in seismic profiles), by geomorphology, by grain-size modes, and by macrofauna. Ridge-and-swa1e topography occurs on two scales on the shelf. Very large ridges and troughs are interpreted from microbathymetry, stratigraphy, sediments and macrofauna to be the remains of Pleistocene barrier/lagoon complexes. With the aid of radiocarbon dates, four well developed shorelines between 28,000 yr and 15,000 yr old are recognised. The smaller ridges are submarine features, formed by strong currents. Those ridges that are in a zone of constricted and accelerated currents near Banks Peninsula are active, while those well removed from the peninsula constriction are fossil and date from times of lower sea level. Sedimentation on the continental shelf has reached a state of equilibrium with the modern hydraulic regime. Relict sediments of the deglacial transgressive sand/gravel sheet are being reworked in zones of high energy, principally in the region of constricted flow around Banks Peninsula. Modern-input sand (distinguished by its grain-size mode) is restricted by currents mainly to an active belt near shore, but locally it has replaced palimpsest sand on the middle shelf. The modern mud facies, being confined by zones of higher energy, has reached its maximum areal extent; its greatest thickness is in Pegasus Bay. Sea-bed drifter studies, and studies of sediment texture and provenance show that net sediment movement on the shelf and along shore during both Pleistocene and modern times has be

The Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentary processes are interpreted for an area of continental shelf and slope on the eastern side of the South Island, New Zealand, between latitudes 43°00's and 44°50's. Two formations are recognised in the Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the shelf: the Canterbury Bight Formation of mainly Last Glacia1 age and, locally overlying it, the Pegasus Formation of mainly Holocene age. The formations are distinguished by shelf-wide unconformities (visib1e in seismic profiles), by geomorphology, by grain-size modes, and by macrofauna. Ridge-and-swa1e topography occurs on two scales on the shelf. Very large ridges and troughs are interpreted from microbathymetry, stratigraphy, sediments and macrofauna to be the remains of Pleistocene barrier/lagoon complexes. With the aid of radiocarbon dates, four well developed shorelines between 28,000 yr and 15,000 yr old are recognised. The smaller ridges are submarine features, formed by strong currents. Those ridges that are in a zone of constricted and accelerated currents near Banks Peninsula are active, while those well removed from the peninsula constriction are fossil and date from times of lower sea level. Sedimentation on the continental shelf has reached a state of equilibrium with the modern hydraulic regime. Relict sediments of the deglacial transgressive sand/gravel sheet are being reworked in zones of high energy, principally in the region of constricted flow around Banks Peninsula. Modern-input sand (distinguished by its grain-size mode) is restricted by currents mainly to an active belt near shore, but locally it has replaced palimpsest sand on the middle shelf. The modern mud facies, being confined by zones of higher energy, has reached its maximum areal extent; its greatest thickness is in Pegasus Bay. Sea-bed drifter studies, and studies of sediment texture and provenance show that net sediment movement on the shelf and along shore during both Pleistocene and modern times has be

Recent research by Harrison on the stability of parallel flows resulted in a successful solution of plane Poiseuille flow but produced unexplained anomalies for pipe flow. The purpose of the research in this paper was to find and correct errors in Harrison's initial analysis of the pipe flow problem. A minor error in Harrison's numerical method was corrected. More­over, it proved necessary to reanalyze the conditions on the axis of symmetry of the pipe. These changes finally made it possible to obtain reasonable results. Owing to time limitations, the number of solutions obtained using the corrected program was sufficient only to confirm its general validity. However, the results obtained are significant in that they disclose instabilities which are known to exist but which have not been accounted for in previous theoretical investigations.

Most error-correcting coding systems now use special-purpose hardware machines. The alternate method, using a general-purpose computer to perform encoding and decoding, has several advantages over the use of special hardware. Hardware equipment designed specifically for a coding system can be expensive, especially if the decoding is difficult, and if only a few systems are to be built. Minicomputers, however, are easily available and can be used throughout communications systems. To compare various coding systems in software, programs to perform encoding and decoding were written in assembly language for a PDP-11/40 minicomputer. The results obtained for decoding ease clearly depend on the programming techniques used, which in turn depend on the computer available. The codes implemented are compared in terms of error-correcting ability, and effort involved in decoding. (Modified author abstract)

A Prince Hall Master Mason certificate issued by the Grand Lodge of New York to Russell L. Randolph of Lebanon Lodge, No. 54. Dated May 10, 1962. Signed by both the Grand Master for New York, Dr. Richard H. Stitt, and the Grand Secretary, Alton L. Haywood, Sr. Imprint at the bottom reads, "Designed by R.H. Lewis."

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