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To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies assessing the sensitivity of both computed tomographic (CT) colonography and optical colonoscopy (OC) for colorectal cancer detection.

To estimate the relative yield of therapeutic flexible sigmoidoscopy compared with complete optical colonoscopy for isolated left-sided polyps (≥6 mm in diameter) identified at screening computed tomographic (CT) colonography.

The impact of not referring sub-centimetre polyps identified at CT colonography upon the efficacy of colorectal cancer screening remains uncertain.

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Awareness of risk factors for colorectal neoplasia could address risk reduction strategies in asymptomatic subjects.

A "resect and discard" policy has been proposed for diminutive polyps detected by screening colonoscopy, because hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps can be distinguished, in vivo, by using narrow-band imaging (NBI). We modeled the cost-effectiveness of this policy.

The efficacy of surgery in the postendoscopic management of low-risk malignant polyps is unclear. Although interobserver variability in the histological diagnosis was shown, its importance is unknown. The purpose of this study was to guide future research on the optimal strategy for low-risk polyps with the use of value-of-information analysis.

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Endoscopic and radiologic tests appear to be more accurate than stool-tests in detecting advanced neoplasia because of direct visualisation of colorectal mucosa. Further technological advances are expected to improve the performance and acceptability of these tests. Several attempts at increasing the adenoma detection rate of colonoscopy have been tested, and in vivo histologic differentiation between neoplastic and hyperplastic polyps may lead to substantial saving in economic and medical resources. Low-volume and non-cathartic bowel preparations may improve CT colonography acceptability, whilst computer-aided detection and low-dose protocols may result in a higher accuracy and safety of this procedure. Despite the lack of ionising radiation, significant drawbacks will likely to limit the role of MR colonography in screening programs. Colon capsule endoscopy appears to be a safe and technically feasible procedure. The suboptimal accuracy of the first generation seems to be substantially improved by the second generation of this device.

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In patients with polyps detected at computed tomography colonography (CTC) screening, management decisions are influenced by the likelihood of important polyp histology. We assess the rates of cancer and high-grade dysplasia among patients found to have small (6-9 mm) and large (>or=10 mm) colorectal polyps at CTC.

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Short-interval surveillance colonoscopy at 1 year has been recently recommended following curative-intent surgery for colorectal cancer. However, the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this endoscopic strategy is largely unknown.

Some colorectal cancers have been unexpectedly diagnosed within one year after polypectomy in high-quality trials. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of early surveillance colonoscopy one year after polypectomy in relation to detection of colorectal cancer.

To identify the most useful areas for research in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by using a value-of-information analysis.

To analyze the cost-effectiveness of adding computer-aided detection (CAD) to a computed tomographic (CT) colonography screening program and to compare it with other options of colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention.

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To analyze the impact of adding computed tomographic (CT) imaging of the chest on the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of CT colonography to determine whether performing CT colonography and whole-body CT is a more clinically and cost-effective strategy than CT colonography alone when screening average-risk subjects.

Application of appropriate indications for upper endoscopy (EGD) should conserve limited endoscopic resources. The cost-effectiveness of current guidelines for the detection of gastro-oesophageal cancer is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of ASGE and EPAGE guidelines in selecting patients referred for upper endoscopy relative to the detection of gastro-oesophageal cancer.

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CT colonography (CTC) is a recommended test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening according to the updated 2008 American Cancer Society guidelines. CTC can also accurately detect abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This collaborative gastroenterology-radiology project evaluated the cost-effectiveness and clinical efficacy of CTC in the Medicare population.

The primary aim of this model analysis was to compare the clinical and economic impacts of immediate polypectomy versus 3-year CT colonography (CTC) surveillance for small (6- to 9-mm) polyps detected at CTC screening.

Determination of the appropriateness of an indication for colonoscopy has been advanced as a means to help rationalize the use of endoscopic resources. However, the efficacy and cost effectiveness of the current guidelines used to select patients for colonoscopy are largely unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and the European Panel on the appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy appropriateness guidelines in selecting patients who are referred for colonoscopy, in relation to colorectal cancer (CRC) detection.

In addition to detecting colorectal neoplasia, abdominal computed tomography (CT) with colonography technique (CTC) can also detect unsuspected extracolonic cancers and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this combined abdominal CT screening strategy are unknown.

The objective of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of colonoscopic referral for small and diminutive polyps detected at CT colonography (CTC) screening.

The impact of a primary colorectal cancer screening with computerized tomographic colonography on current radiological capacity is unknown. The multispecialty needs for computerized tomographic examinations raise some doubts on the feasibility of a mass colorectal cancer screening with computerized tomographic colonography.

The impact of introducing widespread colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with CT colonography (CTC) on current resource capacity is unknown. Although a relatively large number of MDCT scanners are currently in operation throughout the United States, these existing units already perform studies for a wide array of indications. Our aim was to assess the ability of the available MDCT capacity in the United States to provide population screening with CTC.

Prior cost-effectiveness models analyzing computed tomography colonography (CTC) screening have assumed that patients with diminutive lesions (or=6 mm. The purpose of the current study was to assess the potential harms, benefits, and cost-effectiveness of CTC screening without the reporting of diminutive lesions compared with other screening strategies.