1. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region
- Author
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Bell, D., Hanna, E.Y., Weber, R.S., DeMonte, F., Triantafyllou, A., Lewis, J.S., Jr., Cardesa, A., Slootweg, P.J., Stenman, G., Gnepp, D.R., Devaney, K.O., Rodrigo, J.P., Rinaldo, A., Wenig, B.M., Westra, W.H., Bishop, J.A., Hellquist, H., Hunt, J.L., Kusafuka, K., Perez-Ordonez, B., Williams, M.D., Takes, R.P., Ferlito, A., Bell, D., Hanna, E.Y., Weber, R.S., DeMonte, F., Triantafyllou, A., Lewis, J.S., Jr., Cardesa, A., Slootweg, P.J., Stenman, G., Gnepp, D.R., Devaney, K.O., Rodrigo, J.P., Rinaldo, A., Wenig, B.M., Westra, W.H., Bishop, J.A., Hellquist, H., Hunt, J.L., Kusafuka, K., Perez-Ordonez, B., Williams, M.D., Takes, R.P., and Ferlito, A.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region, which are relatively uncommon but clinically very important, are reviewed here in the light of current knowledge. Using a definition for neuroendocrine based on phenotypic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic features rather than histogenetic criteria, sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinomas are examined with a particular emphasis on the small-cell and large-cell subtypes. This is followed by revisiting olfactory neuroblastoma because it is also a tumor that shows a neuroendocrine phenotype. Kadish clinical and Hyams histologic grading systems as prognosticators of olfactory neuroblastoma are also considered in detail. Finally, controversies regarding sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma as a neuroendocrine tumor are discussed and a possible relationship with high-grade olfactory neuroblastoma is explored. Genetic events and current management of these tumors are also outlined. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2259-E2266, 2016.
- Published
- 2016