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Grapple skidder is a machine designed for the extraction of tree bunches after felling. Several factors influence its technical performance and costs such as terrain slope, operator experience time, machine type, and the size of tree bunches for each operating cycle, among others. Thus, it becomes necessary to weigh the variables that most influence the productivity and costs of the grapple skidder. So, the main objective was evaluated according to the influence of bunch size using two feller bunchers with distinct technical characteristics, two slope classes and two skidding areas on the productivity and machine production cost in a Eucalyptus plantation. For the analysis of the productivity, the study of time and method was applied and the scheduled machine cost per hour was based on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations methods. When analyzing the results, it was found that the operational elements moving without load (MWoL) and moving with load (MWL) were the ones that spend the most time in the operational cycle of the grapple skidder. Among the cost components, monetary expenditure on fuel and operator labor were the most influential in the scheduled machine cost per hour. In conclusion, the tree bunches and slope class influenced the productivity and, consequently, the cost of the skidding operation.

Grapple skidder is a machine designed for the extraction of tree bunches after felling. Several factors influence its technical performance and costs such as terrain slope, operator experience time, machine type, and the size of tree bunches for each operating cycle, among others. Thus, it becomes necessary to weigh the variables that most influence the productivity and costs of the grapple skidder. So, the main objective was evaluated according to the influence of bunch size using two feller bunchers with distinct technical characteristics, two slope classes and two skidding areas on the productivity and machine production cost in a Eucalyptus plantation. For the analysis of the productivity, the study of time and method was applied and the scheduled machine cost per hour was based on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations methods. When analyzing the results, it was found that the operational elements moving without load (MWoL) and moving with load (MWL) were the ones that spend the most time in the operational cycle of the grapple skidder. Among the cost components, monetary expenditure on fuel and operator labor were the most influential in the scheduled machine cost per hour. In conclusion, the tree bunches and slope class influenced the productivity and, consequently, the cost of the skidding operation.

The processing of Eucalyptus logs is a stage that follows the full tree system in mechanized forest harvesting, commonly performed by grapple saw. Therefore, this activity presents some associated uncertainties, especially regarding technical and silvicultural factors that can affect productivity and production costs. To get around this problem, Monte Carlo simulation can be applied, or rather a technique that allows to measure the probabilities of values from factors that are under conditions of uncertainties, to which probability distributions are attributed. The objective of this study was to apply the Monte Carlo method for determining the probabilistic technical-economical coefficients of log processing using two different grapple saw models. Field data were obtained from an area of forest planted with Eucalyptus, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. For the technical analysis, the time study protocol was applied by the method of continuous reading of the operational cycle elements, which resulted in production. As for the estimated cost of programmed hour, the applied methods were recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The incorporation of the uncertainties was carried out by applying the Monte Carlo simulation method, by which 100,000 random values were generated. The results showed that the crane empty movement is the operational element that most impacts the total time for processing the logs; the variables that most influence the productivity are specific to each grapple saw model; the difference of USD 0.04 m3 in production costs was observed between processors with gripping area of 0.58 m2 and 0.85 m2. The Monte Carlo method proved to be an applicable tool for mechanized wood harvesting for presenting a range of probability of occurrences for the operational elements and for the production cost.

The processing of Eucalyptus logs is a stage that follows the full tree system in mechanized forest harvesting, commonly performed by grapple saw. Therefore, this activity presents some associated uncertainties, especially regarding technical and silvicultural factors that can affect productivity and production costs. To get around this problem, Monte Carlo simulation can be applied, or rather a technique that allows to measure the probabilities of values from factors that are under conditions of uncertainties, to which probability distributions are attributed. The objective of this study was to apply the Monte Carlo method for determining the probabilistic technical-economical coefficients of log processing using two different grapple saw models. Field data were obtained from an area of forest planted with Eucalyptus, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. For the technical analysis, the time study protocol was applied by the method of continuous reading of the operational cycle elements, which resulted in production. As for the estimated cost of programmed hour, the applied methods were recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The incorporation of the uncertainties was carried out by applying the Monte Carlo simulation method, by which 100,000 random values were generated. The results showed that the crane empty movement is the operational element that most impacts the total time for processing the logs; the variables that most influence the productivity are specific to each grapple saw model; the difference of USD 0.04 m3 in production costs was observed between processors with gripping area of 0.58 m2 and 0.85 m2. The Monte Carlo method proved to be an applicable tool for mechanized wood harvesting for presenting a range of probability of occurrences for the operational elements and for the production cost.

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a representação simbólica da Onça Caetana como Morte Sertaneja nos romances armoriais de Ariano Suassuna, O Romance da Pedra do Reino e História d’O Rei Degolado nas Caatingas do Sertão, mediante lides eleitas pelo Perspectivismo de Viveiros de Castro, buscando compreender como o imaginário se corporifica na efabulação da onça nessa tessitura cosmogônica do sertão nordestino. O recorte eleito se deve ao grau de intercomplementação destas obras no desenvolvimento do castelo literário de Dom Pedro Dinis Ferreira-Quaderna, reverberando um sertão mestiço, ao mesmo tempo mourisco, europeu, africano e indígena, numa miscelânea de cores e imaginários, no qual símbolos são erigidos por pulsões de ficção que ressignificam o humano pela oncidade que lhes é característica.

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a representação simbólica da Onça Caetana como Morte Sertaneja nos romances armoriais de Ariano Suassuna, O Romance da Pedra do Reino e História d’O Rei Degolado nas Caatingas do Sertão, mediante lides eleitas pelo Perspectivismo de Viveiros de Castro, buscando compreender como o imaginário se corporifica na efabulação da onça nessa tessitura cosmogônica do sertão nordestino. O recorte eleito se deve ao grau de intercomplementação destas obras no desenvolvimento do castelo literário de Dom Pedro Dinis Ferreira-Quaderna, reverberando um sertão mestiço, ao mesmo tempo mourisco, europeu, africano e indígena, numa miscelânea de cores e imaginários, no qual símbolos são erigidos por pulsões de ficção que ressignificam o humano pela oncidade que lhes é característica.

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo investigar e analisar concepções de egressos de Curso de Letras sobre propostas de trabalho com as sequências didáticas no ensino de produção de textos escritos. Para isso, elaboramos um formulário composto por questões abertas e fechadas que foi aplicado aos egressos de Curso de Letras de uma universidade pública brasileira. Como aporte teórico, temos os postulados do interacionismo sóciodiscursivo dos pesquisadores da Escola de Genebra, mais especificamente nos estudos de Bronckart (2001, 2006) e Dolz; Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004) sobre a proposta de sequências didáticas. Os resultados desta investigação mostraram que, apesar de afirmarem conhecer a proposta de sequências didáticas, grande parte dos egressos investigados não compreende verdadeiramente como executá-las em sala de aula, o que aponta para a necessidade de um redirecionamento nas concepções desses egressos em relação ao trabalho com os gêneros na escola, principalmente no que diz respeito à aplicação da proposta de sequências didáticas.

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo investigar e analisar concepções de egressos de Curso de Letras sobre propostas de trabalho com as sequências didáticas no ensino de produção de textos escritos. Para isso, elaboramos um formulário composto por questões abertas e fechadas que foi aplicado aos egressos de Curso de Letras de uma universidade pública brasileira. Como aporte teórico, temos os postulados do interacionismo sóciodiscursivo dos pesquisadores da Escola de Genebra, mais especificamente nos estudos de Bronckart (2001, 2006) e Dolz; Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004) sobre a proposta de sequências didáticas. Os resultados desta investigação mostraram que, apesar de afirmarem conhecer a proposta de sequências didáticas, grande parte dos egressos investigados não compreende verdadeiramente como executá-las em sala de aula, o que aponta para a necessidade de um redirecionamento nas concepções desses egressos em relação ao trabalho com os gêneros na escola, principalmente no que diz respeito à aplicação da proposta de sequências didáticas.