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The driver drowsiness poses a significant risk on road safety, contributing to a substantial number of accidents worldwide. Fatigue, often difficult to detect, impairs a driver's cognitive abilities, reaction times, and decision-making skills, increasing the likelihood of accidents. Traditional methods of detecting drowsiness, such as subjective assessments or single-point measurements, lack accuracy and reliability, necessitating the development of innovative solutions to address this critical issue. The driver drowsiness detection system presents a pioneering approach in leveraging advanced technologies, including deep learning algorithms and multimodal data integration, to accurately detect signs of drowsiness and mitigate potential risks on the road. The system's architecture enables real-time monitoring of various parameters such as facial expressions, eye movements, and physiological cues, providing a comprehensive understanding of the driver's state. By analyzing these cues, the system can generate timely alerts to prompt corrective actions, thereby preventing potential accidents and ensuring road safety. With its modular design and scalability, the driver drowsiness detection system holds promise in revolutionizing road safety measures and protecting the lives of drivers and passengers worldwide.

Introduction. One of the most significant indicators of quality in the academic endeavor of educational institutions is the academic performance of their student population. However, its study is complex, given its multi-causal nature. In view of the above, the general aim of this research was to identify those variables that could impact the academic performance (success or failure) of students admitted into a private university in Lima. Methodology. Two samples were taken corresponding to entrants of the two semesters of the academic year, for a total of 5040 participants (3515 from the first semester and 1889 from the second semester). The instruments applied were the Learning Strategies Questionnaire (Martínez Guerrero, 2004), the Vocational Self-Efficacy Sc ale (Carbonero Martín y Merino Tejedor, 2002), the Degree Maturity Questionnaire (Álvarez González et al., 2007), and the Test Anxiety Questionnaire (Valero Aguayo, 1999). Results. As part of the results of the logistic regression analysis, it was found that the variables that best predicted a failing weighted average were the following: a higher number of credits enrolled in leveling courses, male sex, lower score in self-efficacy beliefs, negative attitude towards the study program, a lower score in achievement motivation, and a higher score in exam anxiety. Discussion. It is concluded that academic performance can be explained from a set of motivational, emotional, and vocational variables, as well as some sociodemographic variables such as gender. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to direct preventive actions toward those psychological and demographic aspects that are somehow associated with the performance of university entrants., ODS 4: Educación de calidad, ODS 5: Igualdad de Género, ODS 10: Reducción de las Desigualdades

Objective: To investigate the association between managers' attitudes towards subordinates with common mental disorders (CMD), self-confidence in supporting these subordinates and managerial preventive actions (MPAs). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Swedish managers (n = 2988) and two types of MPAs: reviewing assignments and work situation (MPA-review); talking about CMD at the workplace (MPA-talk). Binary logistic regression models were applied and adjusted for individual and organizational covariates. Results: Managers with negative attitudes towards subordinates with CMD were less likely to have done both MPAs. Managers with higher self-confidence in supporting these subordinates were more likely to have done both MPAs compared with managers with lower self-confidence. Conclusions: Managerial negative attitudes towards CMD and self-confidence in supporting subordinates with CMD have a role in MPAs and should be addressed in manager training programmes to encourage preventive actions. Copyright © 2023 American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Introduction. One of the most significant indicators of quality in the academic endeavor of educational institutions is the academic performance of their student population. However, its study is complex, given its multi-causal nature. In view of the above, the general aim of this research was to identify those variables that could impact the academic performance (success or failure) of students admitted into a private university in Lima. Methodology. Two samples were taken corresponding to entrants of the two semesters of the academic year, for a total of 5040 participants (3515 from the first semester and 1889 from the second semester). The instruments applied were the Learning Strategies Questionnaire (Martínez Guerrero, 2004), the Vocational Self-Efficacy Sc ale (Carbonero Martín y Merino Tejedor, 2002), the Degree Maturity Questionnaire (Álvarez González et al., 2007), and the Test Anxiety Questionnaire (Valero Aguayo, 1999). Results. As part of the results of the logistic regression analysis, it was found that the variables that best predicted a failing weighted average were the following: a higher number of credits enrolled in leveling courses, male sex, lower score in self-efficacy beliefs, negative attitude towards the study program, a lower score in achievement motivation, and a higher score in exam anxiety. Discussion. It is concluded that academic performance can be explained from a set of motivational, emotional, and vocational variables, as well as some sociodemographic variables such as gender. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to direct preventive actions toward those psychological and demographic aspects that are somehow associated with the performance of university entrants., ODS 4: Educación de calidad, ODS 5: Igualdad de Género, ODS 10: Reducción de las Desigualdades

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um plano de prevenção de riscos psicossociais para o pessoal administrativo de uma empresa do setor florestal, localizada na Província de Cotopaxi - Equador. Pela natureza de seus objetivos, o trabalho correspondeu a uma pesquisa bibliográfica documental, apoiada em pesquisa de campo. Para determinar os principais fatores de risco psicossocial que afetam os funcionários, o relatório emitido pela empresa Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., que aplicou o questionário com base na metodologia CoPsoQ-istas21; Com base nesse relatório, foram realizadas pesquisas com todos os funcionários administrativos e entrevistas com gerentes, chefes e supervisores de cada área para validar as informações coletadas. Por fim, foi apresentado o desenho de uma proposta de prevenção de condições psicossociais em trabalhadores, em busca de ações preventivas para aqueles fatores que representam risco para o quadro administrativo da empresa. Assim, apurou-se que o fator de demandas psicológicas cognitivas está sendo gerado por não saber exatamente o que se espera do trabalho e causando problemas entre os colegas, além disso, a equipe se preocupa com a insegurança quanto ao futuro, onde fica evidente que há é a falta de treinamento sobre as novas reformas trabalhistas do país., El presente artículo tiene como propósito presentar un plan de prevención de riesgos psicosociales para el personal administrativo de una empresa de la industria forestal, ubicada en la Provincia de Cotopaxi - Ecuador. Por la naturaleza de sus objetivos, el trabajo se correspondió con una investigación bibliográfica documental, apoyada en una investigación de campo. Para determinar los principales factores de riesgo psicosociales que afectan al personal, se utilizó el informe emitido por la empresa Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., quienes aplicaron el cuestionario basado en la metodología CoPsoQ-istas21; a partir de este informe se realizaron las encuestas a todo el personal administrativo y las entrevistas a gerentes, jefes y supervisores de cada área para validar la información recolectada. Finalmente, se presentó el diseño de una propuesta para la prevención de afecciones psicosociales a los trabajadores, en busca de acciones preventivas para aquellos factores que representan un riesgo al personal administrativo de la empresa. Es así que se determinó que, el factor de exigencias psicológicas cognitivas se está generando por no conocer exactamente lo que se espera del trabajo y ocasiona problemas entre compañeros, además el personal se encuentra preocupado por la inseguridad sobre el futuro, donde se evidencia que existe ausencia de capacitación sobre las nuevas reformas laborales del país., The purpose of this article is to present a psychosocial risk prevention plan for the administrative staff of a forestry industry company, located in the Province of Cotopaxi - Ecuador. Due to the nature of its objectives, the work corresponded to a documentary bibliographical research, supported by field research. To determine the main psychosocial risk factors that affect the staff, the report issued by the company Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., who applied the questionnaire based on the CoPsoQ-istas21 methodology; Based on this report, surveys were carried out on all administrative personnel and interviews with managers, chiefs and supervisors of each area to validate the information collected. Finally, the design of a proposal for the prevention of psychosocial conditions in workers was presented, in search of preventive actions for those factors that represent a risk to the administrative staff of the company. Thus, it was determined that the factor of cognitive psychological demands is being generated by not knowing exactly what is expected of the job and causing problems among colleagues, in addition, the staff is concerned about insecurity about the future, where it is evident that there is lack of training on the country's new labor reforms

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um plano de prevenção de riscos psicossociais para o pessoal administrativo de uma empresa do setor florestal, localizada na Província de Cotopaxi - Equador. Pela natureza de seus objetivos, o trabalho correspondeu a uma pesquisa bibliográfica documental, apoiada em pesquisa de campo. Para determinar os principais fatores de risco psicossocial que afetam os funcionários, o relatório emitido pela empresa Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., que aplicou o questionário com base na metodologia CoPsoQ-istas21; Com base nesse relatório, foram realizadas pesquisas com todos os funcionários administrativos e entrevistas com gerentes, chefes e supervisores de cada área para validar as informações coletadas. Por fim, foi apresentado o desenho de uma proposta de prevenção de condições psicossociais em trabalhadores, em busca de ações preventivas para aqueles fatores que representam risco para o quadro administrativo da empresa. Assim, apurou-se que o fator de demandas psicológicas cognitivas está sendo gerado por não saber exatamente o que se espera do trabalho e causando problemas entre os colegas, além disso, a equipe se preocupa com a insegurança quanto ao futuro, onde fica evidente que há é a falta de treinamento sobre as novas reformas trabalhistas do país., El presente artículo tiene como propósito presentar un plan de prevención de riesgos psicosociales para el personal administrativo de una empresa de la industria forestal, ubicada en la Provincia de Cotopaxi - Ecuador. Por la naturaleza de sus objetivos, el trabajo se correspondió con una investigación bibliográfica documental, apoyada en una investigación de campo. Para determinar los principales factores de riesgo psicosociales que afectan al personal, se utilizó el informe emitido por la empresa Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., quienes aplicaron el cuestionario basado en la metodología CoPsoQ-istas21; a partir de este informe se realizaron las encuestas a todo el personal administrativo y las entrevistas a gerentes, jefes y supervisores de cada área para validar la información recolectada. Finalmente, se presentó el diseño de una propuesta para la prevención de afecciones psicosociales a los trabajadores, en busca de acciones preventivas para aquellos factores que representan un riesgo al personal administrativo de la empresa. Es así que se determinó que, el factor de exigencias psicológicas cognitivas se está generando por no conocer exactamente lo que se espera del trabajo y ocasiona problemas entre compañeros, además el personal se encuentra preocupado por la inseguridad sobre el futuro, donde se evidencia que existe ausencia de capacitación sobre las nuevas reformas laborales del país., The purpose of this article is to present a psychosocial risk prevention plan for the administrative staff of a forestry industry company, located in the Province of Cotopaxi - Ecuador. Due to the nature of its objectives, the work corresponded to a documentary bibliographical research, supported by field research. To determine the main psychosocial risk factors that affect the staff, the report issued by the company Valenzuela & Merlo Cía. Ltda., who applied the questionnaire based on the CoPsoQ-istas21 methodology; Based on this report, surveys were carried out on all administrative personnel and interviews with managers, chiefs and supervisors of each area to validate the information collected. Finally, the design of a proposal for the prevention of psychosocial conditions in workers was presented, in search of preventive actions for those factors that represent a risk to the administrative staff of the company. Thus, it was determined that the factor of cognitive psychological demands is being generated by not knowing exactly what is expected of the job and causing problems among colleagues, in addition, the staff is concerned about insecurity about the future, where it is evident that there is lack of training on the country's new labor reforms

Рассмотрена методика проведения анализа видов и последствий потенциальных отказов (FMEA), применяемая при разработке и проектировании новых изделий в автомобильной промышленности. Проанализированы основные этапы алгоритма. Показана полезность практического изучения FMEA в высшей школе., The article considers the method of Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) used in the new products designing in the automotive industry. The main stages of the algorithm are analyzed. The usefulness of practical FMEA study in higher education is shown.

El presente documento, tiene como objetivo principal presentar un plan de acción para intervenir las actividades que están generando vertimientos con contenido de mercurio, a través del diagnóstico de éstas en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño; describiendo el ciclo de vida de los procesos que generan vertimientos y seleccionando de este modo, aquellos que eliminan estas descargas con contenido de mercurio, a las cuales se les plantean las acciones preventivas para la presencia de dicho metal y se identifican las alternativas tecnológicas para la reducción del mercurio en dicho medio. De acuerdo con lo anterior, las principales actividades que generan aguas residuales con contenido de Mercurio en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño son las Unidades o Clínicas Odontológicas, y dentro de las acciones de prevención de la presencia de mercurio en dichas aguas, a destacar se tiene: Una adecuada gestión de residuos producto del retiro de amalgamas, uso de rejillas o trampas para atrapar partículas de éste material, el reemplazo de éste último por otro, entre otras.

El presente documento, tiene como objetivo principal presentar un plan de acción para intervenir las actividades que están generando vertimientos con contenido de mercurio, a través del diagnóstico de éstas en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño; describiendo el ciclo de vida de los procesos que generan vertimientos y seleccionando de este modo, aquellos que eliminan estas descargas con contenido de mercurio, a las cuales se les plantean las acciones preventivas para la presencia de dicho metal y se identifican las alternativas tecnológicas para la reducción del mercurio en dicho medio. De acuerdo con lo anterior, las principales actividades que generan aguas residuales con contenido de Mercurio en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño son las Unidades o Clínicas Odontológicas, y dentro de las acciones de prevención de la presencia de mercurio en dichas aguas, a destacar se tiene: Una adecuada gestión de residuos producto del retiro de amalgamas, uso de rejillas o trampas para atrapar partículas de éste material, el reemplazo de éste último por otro, entre otras.

El presente documento, tiene como objetivo principal presentar un plan de acción para intervenir las actividades que están generando vertimientos con contenido de mercurio, a través del diagnóstico de éstas en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño; describiendo el ciclo de vida de los procesos que generan vertimientos y seleccionando de este modo, aquellos que eliminan estas descargas con contenido de mercurio, a las cuales se les plantean las acciones preventivas para la presencia de dicho metal y se identifican las alternativas tecnológicas para la reducción del mercurio en dicho medio. De acuerdo con lo anterior, las principales actividades que generan aguas residuales con contenido de Mercurio en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño son las Unidades o Clínicas Odontológicas, y dentro de las acciones de prevención de la presencia de mercurio en dichas aguas, a destacar se tiene: Una adecuada gestión de residuos producto del retiro de amalgamas, uso de rejillas o trampas para atrapar partículas de éste material, el reemplazo de éste último por otro, entre otras.

El presente documento, tiene como objetivo principal presentar un plan de acción para intervenir las actividades que están generando vertimientos con contenido de mercurio, a través del diagnóstico de éstas en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño; describiendo el ciclo de vida de los procesos que generan vertimientos y seleccionando de este modo, aquellos que eliminan estas descargas con contenido de mercurio, a las cuales se les plantean las acciones preventivas para la presencia de dicho metal y se identifican las alternativas tecnológicas para la reducción del mercurio en dicho medio. De acuerdo con lo anterior, las principales actividades que generan aguas residuales con contenido de Mercurio en la Sede Sur de la Universidad Antonio Nariño son las Unidades o Clínicas Odontológicas, y dentro de las acciones de prevención de la presencia de mercurio en dichas aguas, a destacar se tiene: Una adecuada gestión de residuos producto del retiro de amalgamas, uso de rejillas o trampas para atrapar partículas de éste material, el reemplazo de éste último por otro, entre otras.

Para la ejecución y desarrollo del trabajo de grado se busca implementar el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad en la empresa Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., basado en la norma NTC ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestión de la calidad. Requisitos. La empresa no contaba con un SGC por tal motivo en primera instancia, se realizó un diagnóstico para determinar el grado de cumplimiento en el que se encontraba frente a los requisitos de la norma, con los resultados obtenidos se planearon las actividades para el desarrollo de la implementación. Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., no contaba con planeación estratégica definida, por lo cual se estructuró acorde a las necesidades y el mercado actual, se realizaron sensibilizaciones y formaciones con el personal, con el fin de capacitar frente la importancia y los conceptos de la implementación.

[EN] Enterprise resilience is a key capacity to guarantee enterprises' long-term continuity. This paper proposes the enterprise resilience Conceptual Reference Framework to characterize enterprise resilience capacity. The framework is composed of 71 disruptive events that enterprises consider as endangerments to their continuity. The framework also comprises constituent capabilities of enterprise resilience in terms of preparedness and recovery capabilities and elements that support the transition from the AS IS situation to the TO BE one, which are preventive actions (for preparedness capability) and knowledge registration actions (for recovery capability). From the preparedness perspective, 403 preventive actions are currently defined. Each preventive action is specific for every disruptive event. However, it is worth noting that a preventive action can also be applied to different disruptive events. From the recovery perspective, the proposed framework indicates knowledge registration related to (i) the occurrence of disruptive events; (ii) the recovery actions performed to re-establish the normal enterprise operation level. Further research lines are addressed to develop quantitative methods and tools to assess the extent of enterprises' resilience following the foundations of the proposed conceptual framework.

Эхинококкоз — это зооантропонозная инвазия, возбудителем которой является Echinococcus granulosus из семейства Taeniidae класса Cestoda. Болезнь наносит огромный экономический ущерб животноводчеству и представляет серьезную опасность для человека. Несмотря на имеющийся большой объем информации о возбудителе и болезни, эхинококкоз остается крупной социальной проблемой, наносящей огромный экономический ущерб поражением многих видов домашних животных и человека. Причиной тому является недостаточная изученность эпизоотического процесса, течения болезни, современных средств диагностики, лечения и профилактики эхинококкоза. Учитывая это, мы сочли необходимым выяснить некоторые особенности эпизоотического процесса и изыскать эффективные меры профилактики данной инвазии на основании применения иммуномодуляторов, комплексной терапии и других средств. В статье дано понятие эхинококкоза, анализируются факторы, способствующие его распространению. Отмечается, что эхинококкоз наносит большой экономический ущерб. Приводится пример послеубойной диагностики заболевания. Автор делает вывод о том, что прижизненная диагностика эхинококкоза вызывает большие трудности. Анализируются профилактические мероприятия, направленные на предотвращение циркулирования инфекции., Echinococcosis is a zooanthroponous infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus from the Taeniidae family of the Cestoda class. The disease causes huge economic damage to livestock production and is a serious danger to humans. Despite the large amount of information available about the pathogen and the disease, echinococcosis remains a major social problem, causing huge economic damage to many species of domestic animals and humans. The reason for this is the lack of knowledge of the epizootic process, the course of the disease, modern means of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of echinococcosis. Taking this into account, we considered it necessary to find out some features of the epizootic process and find effective measures to prevent this invasion based on the use of immunomodulators, complex therapy and other means. The article gives the concept of echinococcosis, analyzes the factors contributing to its spread. It is noted that echinococcosis causes great economic damage. An example of post-slaughter diagnosis of the disease is given. The author concludes that lifetime diagnosis of echinococcosis causes great difficulties. Preventive measures aimed at prevention of infection circulation are analyzed.

[EN] Enterprise resilience is a key capacity to guarantee enterprises' long-term continuity. This paper proposes the enterprise resilience Conceptual Reference Framework to characterize enterprise resilience capacity. The framework is composed of 71 disruptive events that enterprises consider as endangerments to their continuity. The framework also comprises constituent capabilities of enterprise resilience in terms of preparedness and recovery capabilities and elements that support the transition from the AS IS situation to the TO BE one, which are preventive actions (for preparedness capability) and knowledge registration actions (for recovery capability). From the preparedness perspective, 403 preventive actions are currently defined. Each preventive action is specific for every disruptive event. However, it is worth noting that a preventive action can also be applied to different disruptive events. From the recovery perspective, the proposed framework indicates knowledge registration related to (i) the occurrence of disruptive events; (ii) the recovery actions performed to re-establish the normal enterprise operation level. Further research lines are addressed to develop quantitative methods and tools to assess the extent of enterprises' resilience following the foundations of the proposed conceptual framework.

[EN] Enterprise resilience is a key capacity to guarantee enterprises' long-term continuity. This paper proposes the enterprise resilience Conceptual Reference Framework to characterize enterprise resilience capacity. The framework is composed of 71 disruptive events that enterprises consider as endangerments to their continuity. The framework also comprises constituent capabilities of enterprise resilience in terms of preparedness and recovery capabilities and elements that support the transition from the AS IS situation to the TO BE one, which are preventive actions (for preparedness capability) and knowledge registration actions (for recovery capability). From the preparedness perspective, 403 preventive actions are currently defined. Each preventive action is specific for every disruptive event. However, it is worth noting that a preventive action can also be applied to different disruptive events. From the recovery perspective, the proposed framework indicates knowledge registration related to (i) the occurrence of disruptive events; (ii) the recovery actions performed to re-establish the normal enterprise operation level. Further research lines are addressed to develop quantitative methods and tools to assess the extent of enterprises' resilience following the foundations of the proposed conceptual framework.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

Para la ejecución y desarrollo del trabajo de grado se busca implementar el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad en la empresa Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., basado en la norma NTC ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestión de la calidad. Requisitos. La empresa no contaba con un SGC por tal motivo en primera instancia, se realizó un diagnóstico para determinar el grado de cumplimiento en el que se encontraba frente a los requisitos de la norma, con los resultados obtenidos se planearon las actividades para el desarrollo de la implementación. Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., no contaba con planeación estratégica definida, por lo cual se estructuró acorde a las necesidades y el mercado actual, se realizaron sensibilizaciones y formaciones con el personal, con el fin de capacitar frente la importancia y los conceptos de la implementación.

Para la ejecución y desarrollo del trabajo de grado se busca implementar el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad en la empresa Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., basado en la norma NTC ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestión de la calidad. Requisitos. La empresa no contaba con un SGC por tal motivo en primera instancia, se realizó un diagnóstico para determinar el grado de cumplimiento en el que se encontraba frente a los requisitos de la norma, con los resultados obtenidos se planearon las actividades para el desarrollo de la implementación. Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., no contaba con planeación estratégica definida, por lo cual se estructuró acorde a las necesidades y el mercado actual, se realizaron sensibilizaciones y formaciones con el personal, con el fin de capacitar frente la importancia y los conceptos de la implementación.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed., This research was funded by Sultan Qaboos University [IG/CON/FACN/19/02].

Para la ejecución y desarrollo del trabajo de grado se busca implementar el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad en la empresa Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., basado en la norma NTC ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestión de la calidad. Requisitos. La empresa no contaba con un SGC por tal motivo en primera instancia, se realizó un diagnóstico para determinar el grado de cumplimiento en el que se encontraba frente a los requisitos de la norma, con los resultados obtenidos se planearon las actividades para el desarrollo de la implementación. Inversiones Creamoda S.A.S., no contaba con planeación estratégica definida, por lo cual se estructuró acorde a las necesidades y el mercado actual, se realizaron sensibilizaciones y formaciones con el personal, con el fin de capacitar frente la importancia y los conceptos de la implementación.

[EN] Enterprise resilience is a key capacity to guarantee enterprises¿ long-term continuity. This paper proposes a quantitative approach to enhance enterprise resilience by selecting optimal preventive actions to be activated to cushion the impact of disruptive events and to improve preparedness capability, one of the pillars of the enterprise resilience capacity. The proposed algorithms combine the dynamic programming approach with attenuation formulas to model real improvements when a combined set of preventive actions is activated for the same disruptive event. A numerical example is presented that shows remarkable reductions in the expected annual cost due to potential disruptive events.

[EN] The current context is characterised by growing uncertainty, insecurities and risks. To overcome this situation, enterprises need to be resilient enough to guarantee its business continuity. This research is focused on the preparedness capacity, one of the three constituent capacities of enterprise resilience. To be prepared for the unexpected, it is necessary to identify, the most critical disruptive events companies face from a supply side and propose mitigation actions to provide companies with a set of alternatives to support the enhancement of the preparedness capacity of enterprise resilience. This research offers valuable information about both aspects; an analysis of the most worrisome supply disruptive events and a proposal of preventive actions as mitigation policies.

[EN] Enterprise resilience is a key capacity to guarantee enterprises¿ long-term continuity. This paper proposes a quantitative approach to enhance enterprise resilience by selecting optimal preventive actions to be activated to cushion the impact of disruptive events and to improve preparedness capability, one of the pillars of the enterprise resilience capacity. The proposed algorithms combine the dynamic programming approach with attenuation formulas to model real improvements when a combined set of preventive actions is activated for the same disruptive event. A numerical example is presented that shows remarkable reductions in the expected annual cost due to potential disruptive events.

[EN] The current context is characterised by growing uncertainty, insecurities and risks. To overcome this situation, enterprises need to be resilient enough to guarantee its business continuity. This research is focused on the preparedness capacity, one of the three constituent capacities of enterprise resilience. To be prepared for the unexpected, it is necessary to identify, the most critical disruptive events companies face from a supply side and propose mitigation actions to provide companies with a set of alternatives to support the enhancement of the preparedness capacity of enterprise resilience. This research offers valuable information about both aspects; an analysis of the most worrisome supply disruptive events and a proposal of preventive actions as mitigation policies.

The purpose of the presented project is to eliminate the supply chain losses in Kraft Heinz Company through preventive actions. The two points that the current thesis will focus on are the prevention of excess production and the elimination of MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) issues that contribute to supply chain losses. High MOQ is one of the main root causes of excess production. Firstly, a literature review will be made. The approach of creating the literature framework is to start from a general description of supply chain activities in FMCG (Fast-moving Consumer Goods) companies, then to focus on more specific topic which is the excess stock and the inventory management and finally, to end up in the food waste hierarchy analysis that scientific articles frame. Food waste for a FMCG company is similar to supply chain losses, thus it is critical to provide a state-of-art literature in order to have a better understanding. Furthermore, the KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) background will be described, as the history of KHC and the current portfolio in order to understand the size of the company and the needs of such a huge company and the complexities. Additionally, the supply chain function in KHC will be described in details in order to understand the reason of this thesis existence, to identify the gaps in this process and the improvements should be made. Finally, the improvements made through this project will be presented, as well as, the processes and the methods that are developed and standardized. The analysis of the prevention of excess production process, as well as, the improvements have been made in this process will be explained. The routines and the new approaches will be described. The second part of the improvements section is concerned the development and the standardization of the MOQ Flexibility project. The calculations, the process, the challenges and the involved stakeholders will be part of this thesis., Syftet med det presenterade projektet är att eliminera förlusterna i försörjningskedjorna genom förebyggande åtgärder på företaget Kraft Heinz. De två delar som examensarbetet fokuserar på är hur man ska kunna förhindra överproduktion och eliminera MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity/(Minsta orderkvantitet) faktorer som bidrar till förlust i försörjningskedjan. Hög MOQ är en av de främsta orsakerna till överproduktion. Det första steget var att göra en litteraturundersökning. Litteraturöversikten skapar ett ramverk där utgångspunkten är en allmän beskrivning av aktiviteter i leverantörernas försörjningskedjor inom företaget för FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods/ Snabbt Rörliga Konsumentvaror), för att sedan fokusera på ett mer specifikt ämne, vilket är överskottslagret och lagerstyrningen för att slutligen landa i en matavfallshierarkianalys som ramas in av vetenskapliga artiklar. Matavfall för ett FMCG- företag är samma sak som försörjnings- kedjeförluster i leverantörskedjan, därför är det viktigt att tillhandahålla en nulägesanalys med referens till litteraturen för att få en bättre förståelse. Dessutom beskrivs KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) mot bakgrund av företagets historia och den nuvarande produktportföljen för att läsaren ska få en uppfattning om företagets storlek, dess behov och komplexiteten i ett sådant stort företag. Leveranskedjefunktionen inom KHC kommer beskrivas i detalj för att man ska kunna förstå anledningen till behovet av detta examensarbete, för att identifiera luckorna i denna process och för att peka på de förbättringar som bör göras. Slutligen kommer de förbättringar som gjorts genom detta projekt att presenteras, liksom, processerna och metoderna som utvecklats och standardiserats. Analysen med syfte att förhindra överskott i produktionsprocessen samt de förbättringar som har implementerats i denna process kommer att förklaras. Rutinerna och de nya tillvägagångssätten kommer att beskrivas. Den andra delen av förbättringsavsnittet handlar om utveckling

The purpose of the presented project is to eliminate the supply chain losses in Kraft Heinz Company through preventive actions. The two points that the current thesis will focus on are the prevention of excess production and the elimination of MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) issues that contribute to supply chain losses. High MOQ is one of the main root causes of excess production. Firstly, a literature review will be made. The approach of creating the literature framework is to start from a general description of supply chain activities in FMCG (Fast-moving Consumer Goods) companies, then to focus on more specific topic which is the excess stock and the inventory management and finally, to end up in the food waste hierarchy analysis that scientific articles frame. Food waste for a FMCG company is similar to supply chain losses, thus it is critical to provide a state-of-art literature in order to have a better understanding. Furthermore, the KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) background will be described, as the history of KHC and the current portfolio in order to understand the size of the company and the needs of such a huge company and the complexities. Additionally, the supply chain function in KHC will be described in details in order to understand the reason of this thesis existence, to identify the gaps in this process and the improvements should be made. Finally, the improvements made through this project will be presented, as well as, the processes and the methods that are developed and standardized. The analysis of the prevention of excess production process, as well as, the improvements have been made in this process will be explained. The routines and the new approaches will be described. The second part of the improvements section is concerned the development and the standardization of the MOQ Flexibility project. The calculations, the process, the challenges and the involved stakeholders will be part of this thesis., Syftet med det presenterade projektet är att eliminera förlusterna i försörjningskedjorna genom förebyggande åtgärder på företaget Kraft Heinz. De två delar som examensarbetet fokuserar på är hur man ska kunna förhindra överproduktion och eliminera MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity/(Minsta orderkvantitet) faktorer som bidrar till förlust i försörjningskedjan. Hög MOQ är en av de främsta orsakerna till överproduktion. Det första steget var att göra en litteraturundersökning. Litteraturöversikten skapar ett ramverk där utgångspunkten är en allmän beskrivning av aktiviteter i leverantörernas försörjningskedjor inom företaget för FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods/ Snabbt Rörliga Konsumentvaror), för att sedan fokusera på ett mer specifikt ämne, vilket är överskottslagret och lagerstyrningen för att slutligen landa i en matavfallshierarkianalys som ramas in av vetenskapliga artiklar. Matavfall för ett FMCG- företag är samma sak som försörjnings- kedjeförluster i leverantörskedjan, därför är det viktigt att tillhandahålla en nulägesanalys med referens till litteraturen för att få en bättre förståelse. Dessutom beskrivs KHC (Kraft Heinz Company) mot bakgrund av företagets historia och den nuvarande produktportföljen för att läsaren ska få en uppfattning om företagets storlek, dess behov och komplexiteten i ett sådant stort företag. Leveranskedjefunktionen inom KHC kommer beskrivas i detalj för att man ska kunna förstå anledningen till behovet av detta examensarbete, för att identifiera luckorna i denna process och för att peka på de förbättringar som bör göras. Slutligen kommer de förbättringar som gjorts genom detta projekt att presenteras, liksom, processerna och metoderna som utvecklats och standardiserats. Analysen med syfte att förhindra överskott i produktionsprocessen samt de förbättringar som har implementerats i denna process kommer att förklaras. Rutinerna och de nya tillvägagångssätten kommer att beskrivas. Den andra delen av förbättringsavsnittet handlar om utveckling

The clear need to prepare professionals who will have a high level of performance in their professional life is an unavoidable commitment of every university. To do this, it is imperative to continuously improve at all levels of the educational process, paying particular attention to all the efforts of a program quality and not just setting a horizon for accreditation of some careers. To do this, we need a model that not only focus on teaching and learning processes but also be able of ensuring the quality of all university support processes on the basis of continuous improvement and not just thinking about accreditation. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly look at audits and compliance activities in all stages of education from the curriculum design towards the professional performance of graduates in the field. In Costa Rica, for some universities, there is a latent and manifest initiative for several years to continually self-assess their academic programs so that they are successful at the eyes of employers and students. For some of them, all economic resources are invested in priority areas identified by self-evaluation processes. The improvement efforts, made in Costa Rica, includes self-assessment exercises in some cases; however, efforts have not been framed within a model to visualize and integrate all improvement activities and which must be characterized by a concept of measurement continuous-time in order to identify all those weaknesses that threaten the effective development of the career. On the other hand, it is the desire that all improvement efforts are directed not only to accredited programs but also to all careers, especially those requiring a radical improvement in most of the activities which are part of the university work. This paper deals with a model of academic quality management whose main objective is to integrate all the current efforts of universities in a scheme aimed at continuous improvement of all programs offered. This inclu, La necesidad manifiesta de formar estudiantes que tengan un alto nivel de desempeño en su vida profesional es un compromiso ineludible de las universidades. Para ello, se debe mejorar continuamente en todos los niveles del proceso educativo, poniendo especial atención a todos los esfuerzos de calidad de sus programas y no solamente fijando un horizonte de acreditación de algunas carreras. Para ello, se requiere de un modelo que no solo se enfoque en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, sino que además sea capaz de asegurar la calidad de todos los elementos coadyuvantes que tiene la universidad que tiene la universidad para este fin, sobre la base de un mejoramiento continuo, y no únicamente dirigidos hacia la acreditación. Por esto, constantemente se debe auditar el desarrollo y cumplimiento de actividades en todas las etapas del proceso educativo: desde el diseño curricular de las carreras, el desempeño de los procesos de soporte y hasta el desempeño del profesional de los graduados en el mercado laboral. En algunas universidades costarricenses existe una iniciativa latente y manifiesta desde hace varios años por autoevaluar continuamente programas académicos de tal forma que éstos sean exitosos a los ojos de empleadores y estudiantes. En algunas de ellas, los recursos económicos se invierten en aquellas áreas prioritarias detectadas por procesos de autoevaluación. Los esfuerzos de mejoramiento realizados en Costa Rica se han dado en el marco de la autoevaluación de carreras; no obstante, estos esfuerzos no han estado enmarcados dentro de un modelo que visualice e integre todas las actividades de mejoramiento y que se caractericen por un concepto de medición permanente que permita identificar a tiempo todos aquellos incumplimientos o acciones que atenten contra el desarrollo efectivo de una carrera. Por otro lado, es el deseo que todos los esfuerzos de mejora no solo sean direccionados hacia carreras acreditadas sino que también se realice con todas ellas, en especial, a

This research was made in Vitrofarma S.A., a pharmaceutical laboratory. This company manufactures sterile safe and effective products, and has a Quality Management System (QMS) implemented under the ISO 9001 Standard since 1998. Due to the marked increase in corrective actions, an improvement opportunity was identified consisting of a methodology that promotes preventive actions generation. The investigation was focused in the quality assurance process in order to provide the organization with a methodological tool to identify potential risks easily and develop preventive actions afterwards., Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio Farmacéutico Vitrofarma S.A, especializado en la fabricación de medicamentos estériles seguros y eficaces. Esta organización cuenta con un Sistema de gestión de la calidad (SGC) implementado bajo la Norma ISO 9001 desde el año 1998. En vista de que se ha observado el incremento marcado de acciones correctivas, se identificó una oportunidad de mejora al proponer una metodología que promueva la generación de acciones preventivas. La investigación realizada se enfocó en el proceso de aseguramiento de la calidad, con el fin de entregar a la organización una herramienta metodológica para facilitar la identificación de riesgos potenciales y la generación de acciones preventivas consecuentes.

This research was made in Vitrofarma S.A., a pharmaceutical laboratory. This company manufactures sterile safe and effective products, and has a Quality Management System (QMS) implemented under the ISO 9001 Standard since 1998. Due to the marked increase in corrective actions, an improvement opportunity was identified consisting of a methodology that promotes preventive actions generation. The investigation was focused in the quality assurance process in order to provide the organization with a methodological tool to identify potential risks easily and develop preventive actions afterwards., Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio Farmacéutico Vitrofarma S.A, especializado en la fabricación de medicamentos estériles seguros y eficaces. Esta organización cuenta con un Sistema de gestión de la calidad (SGC) implementado bajo la Norma ISO 9001 desde el año 1998. En vista de que se ha observado el incremento marcado de acciones correctivas, se identificó una oportunidad de mejora al proponer una metodología que promueva la generación de acciones preventivas. La investigación realizada se enfocó en el proceso de aseguramiento de la calidad, con el fin de entregar a la organización una herramienta metodológica para facilitar la identificación de riesgos potenciales y la generación de acciones preventivas consecuentes.

Research on dependable computing is undergoing a shift from traditional fault tolerance towards techniques that handle faults proactively. These techniques comprise two parts: (a) prediction of failures and (b) actions that are performed in case of an upcoming failure. This work provides the first reliability model that incorporates both correct and false predictions as well as both types of actions: failure prevention and recovery preparation. Closed form solutions to availability, reliability and hazard rate are provided.

Research on dependable computing is undergoing a shift from traditional fault tolerance towards techniques that handle faults proactively. These techniques comprise two parts: (a) prediction of failures and (b) actions that are performed in case of an upcoming failure. This work provides the first reliability model that incorporates both correct and false predictions as well as both types of actions: failure prevention and recovery preparation. Closed form solutions to availability, reliability and hazard rate are provided.

Work-related stress is an increasing problem in Europe. Earlier studies have stated that knowledge-work comprises working conditions which reflect a good psychosocial environment. Recent Danish studies, however, point at stress being an increasing problem in knowledge-intensive companies. These companies employ highly educated and com-petent people who apply their personal knowledge to generate new knowledge in close relationship with both custom-ers and colleagues. The employees are self-managed and work in networks and decentralised structures around pro-jects. Their working life is described as good and stimulating, but has on the other hand sides to it which can cause frustration and stress. The implication of organisational characteristics of the knowledge-intensive companies studied is a transfer of the responsibility for ones own working-life. Consequently, issues are dealt with informally, individu-ally and incidentally. It is only when problems exist that enhanced support is offered in order to help an employee to cope or recover. As most workplace initiatives work at this tertiary level, the sources of work-related and organiza-tional stress are not reduced or eliminated. If a company wants to initiate interventions that get to the root of the or-ganizational stressor, it will have to employ an organisation-directed strategy. The barriers to implement stress pre-vention on the organizational level are numerous and complicated, as the changes involves matters which are closely tied to the employees. The opportunities are on the other more financially tangible in terms of increased efficiency, decreased sick-leave, extra time for new developments, less mistakes made, increased working capacity, quality, effi-ciency and productivity.

Work-related stress is an increasing problem in Europe. Earlier studies have stated that knowledge-work comprises working conditions which reflect a good psychosocial environment. Recent Danish studies, however, point at stress being an increasing problem in knowledge-intensive companies. These companies employ highly educated and com-petent people who apply their personal knowledge to generate new knowledge in close relationship with both custom-ers and colleagues. The employees are self-managed and work in networks and decentralised structures around pro-jects. Their working life is described as good and stimulating, but has on the other hand sides to it which can cause frustration and stress. The implication of organisational characteristics of the knowledge-intensive companies studied is a transfer of the responsibility for ones own working-life. Consequently, issues are dealt with informally, individu-ally and incidentally. It is only when problems exist that enhanced support is offered in order to help an employee to cope or recover. As most workplace initiatives work at this tertiary level, the sources of work-related and organiza-tional stress are not reduced or eliminated. If a company wants to initiate interventions that get to the root of the or-ganizational stressor, it will have to employ an organisation-directed strategy. The barriers to implement stress pre-vention on the organizational level are numerous and complicated, as the changes involves matters which are closely tied to the employees. The opportunities are on the other more financially tangible in terms of increased efficiency, decreased sick-leave, extra time for new developments, less mistakes made, increased working capacity, quality, effi-ciency and productivity.

Diplomová práca sa zameriava na informačné a kybernetické hrozby v roku 2019. Práca pozostáva z teoretických východísk, ktoré slúžia pre lepšie pochopenie danej problematiky. Následne práca popisuje analýzu súčasného stavu poskladanú z viacerých analýz zameraných primárne na české spoločnosti. V poslednej časti je vytvorený návrh opatrení spojený s vytvorením predikcií a preventívnych opatrení a odporúčaní pre spoločnosti., Diploma thesis focuses on information and cyber threats in 2019. It comprises theoretical basis for better understanding of the issue. Afterward the thesis describes the analysis of the current situation which combined several analyses primarily aimed on Czech companies. In the last part draft measures is created which contain predictions and preventive actions and recommendations for companies.

Diplomová práce se zabývá optimalizací procesu řízení nápravných a preventivních opatření ve společnosti OTIS Escalators s.r.o., a to v souladu s kriteriálními normami ČSN EN ISO 9001:2000, ČSN EN ISO 14001:2005 a OHSAS 18001:1999. Na základě uvedených norem je popsán průběh analýzy procesu, ze které vyplývají patřičné kroky pro úspěšnou optimalizaci procesu., This master’s thesis deals with the optimization of the process of corrective and preventive actions management in OTIS Escalators s.r.o. under ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2005 and OHSAS 18001:1999 standards. Standards mentioned above are used to describe analyse of the process, which leads to several steps for successful optimization of the process.

Diplomová práce se zabývá optimalizací procesu řízení nápravných a preventivních opatření ve společnosti OTIS Escalators s.r.o., a to v souladu s kriteriálními normami ČSN EN ISO 9001:2000, ČSN EN ISO 14001:2005 a OHSAS 18001:1999. Na základě uvedených norem je popsán průběh analýzy procesu, ze které vyplývají patřičné kroky pro úspěšnou optimalizaci procesu., This master’s thesis deals with the optimization of the process of corrective and preventive actions management in OTIS Escalators s.r.o. under ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2005 and OHSAS 18001:1999 standards. Standards mentioned above are used to describe analyse of the process, which leads to several steps for successful optimization of the process.

Diplomová práce se zabývá optimalizací procesu řízení nápravných a preventivních opatření ve společnosti OTIS Escalators s.r.o., a to v souladu s kriteriálními normami ČSN EN ISO 9001:2000, ČSN EN ISO 14001:2005 a OHSAS 18001:1999. Na základě uvedených norem je popsán průběh analýzy procesu, ze které vyplývají patřičné kroky pro úspěšnou optimalizaci procesu., This master’s thesis deals with the optimization of the process of corrective and preventive actions management in OTIS Escalators s.r.o. under ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2005 and OHSAS 18001:1999 standards. Standards mentioned above are used to describe analyse of the process, which leads to several steps for successful optimization of the process.

Diplomová práce se zabývá optimalizací procesu řízení nápravných a preventivních opatření ve společnosti OTIS Escalators s.r.o., a to v souladu s kriteriálními normami ČSN EN ISO 9001:2000, ČSN EN ISO 14001:2005 a OHSAS 18001:1999. Na základě uvedených norem je popsán průběh analýzy procesu, ze které vyplývají patřičné kroky pro úspěšnou optimalizaci procesu., This master’s thesis deals with the optimization of the process of corrective and preventive actions management in OTIS Escalators s.r.o. under ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2005 and OHSAS 18001:1999 standards. Standards mentioned above are used to describe analyse of the process, which leads to several steps for successful optimization of the process.

Diplomová práca sa zameriava na informačné a kybernetické hrozby v roku 2019. Práca pozostáva z teoretických východísk, ktoré slúžia pre lepšie pochopenie danej problematiky. Následne práca popisuje analýzu súčasného stavu poskladanú z viacerých analýz zameraných primárne na české spoločnosti. V poslednej časti je vytvorený návrh opatrení spojený s vytvorením predikcií a preventívnych opatrení a odporúčaní pre spoločnosti., Diploma thesis focuses on information and cyber threats in 2019. It comprises theoretical basis for better understanding of the issue. Afterward the thesis describes the analysis of the current situation which combined several analyses primarily aimed on Czech companies. In the last part draft measures is created which contain predictions and preventive actions and recommendations for companies.

Diplomová práca sa zameriava na informačné a kybernetické hrozby v roku 2019. Práca pozostáva z teoretických východísk, ktoré slúžia pre lepšie pochopenie danej problematiky. Následne práca popisuje analýzu súčasného stavu poskladanú z viacerých analýz zameraných primárne na české spoločnosti. V poslednej časti je vytvorený návrh opatrení spojený s vytvorením predikcií a preventívnych opatrení a odporúčaní pre spoločnosti., Diploma thesis focuses on information and cyber threats in 2019. It comprises theoretical basis for better understanding of the issue. Afterward the thesis describes the analysis of the current situation which combined several analyses primarily aimed on Czech companies. In the last part draft measures is created which contain predictions and preventive actions and recommendations for companies.

Diplomová práce se zabývá optimalizací procesu řízení nápravných a preventivních opatření ve společnosti OTIS Escalators s.r.o., a to v souladu s kriteriálními normami ČSN EN ISO 9001:2000, ČSN EN ISO 14001:2005 a OHSAS 18001:1999. Na základě uvedených norem je popsán průběh analýzy procesu, ze které vyplývají patřičné kroky pro úspěšnou optimalizaci procesu., This master’s thesis deals with the optimization of the process of corrective and preventive actions management in OTIS Escalators s.r.o. under ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2005 and OHSAS 18001:1999 standards. Standards mentioned above are used to describe analyse of the process, which leads to several steps for successful optimization of the process.

Approximately 10 years ago, FRA began investigating organizational culture. Subsequent reorganization of the Volpe Center and HF Program to include Org. Culture & Safety Performance program. This is a summary of FRA field evaluations on the impact of 4 innovative safety processes on safety culture. The evaluations were conducted within the Organizational Culture and Safety Performance program that seeks to identify, demonstrate, evaluate, and document effective approaches for improving safety and safety culture in the railroad industry. The program then stimulates adoption of effective approaches across industry.