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Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) devices combining microfluidic analyte provision with integrated optical analysis are highly desirable for several applications in biological or medical sciences. While the microfluidic approach is already broadly addressed, some work needs to be done regarding the integrated optics, especially provision of highly integrable laser sources. Polymer optical fiber (POF) lasers represent an alignment-free, rugged, and flexible technology platform. Additionally, POFs are intrinsically compatible to polymer microfluidic devices. Home-made Rhodamine B (RB)-doped POFs were characterized with experimental and numerical parameter studies on their lasing potential. High output energies of 1.65 mJ, high slope efficiencies of 56%, and 50%-lifetimes of ≥900 k shots were extracted from RB:POFs. Furthermore, RB:POFs show broad spectral tunability over several tens of nanometers. A route to optimize polymer fiber lasers is revealed, providing functionality for a broad range of LoC devices. Spectral tunability, high efficiencies, and output energies enable a broad field of LoC applications. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) devices combining microfluidic analyte provision with integrated optical analysis are highly desirable for several applications in biological or medical sciences. While the microfluidic approach is already broadly addressed, some work needs to be done regarding the integrated optics, especially provision of highly integrable laser sources. Polymer optical fiber (POF) lasers represent an alignment-free, rugged, and flexible technology platform. Additionally, POFs are intrinsically compatible to polymer microfluidic devices. Home-made Rhodamine B (RB)-doped POFs were characterized with experimental and numerical parameter studies on their lasing potential. High output energies of 1.65 mJ, high slope efficiencies of 56%, and 50%-lifetimes of ≥900 k shots were extracted from RB:POFs. Furthermore, RB:POFs show broad spectral tunability over several tens of nanometers. A route to optimize polymer fiber lasers is revealed, providing functionality for a broad range of LoC devices. Spectral tunability, high efficiencies, and output energies enable a broad field of LoC applications. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

In this work we investigate the strain, temperature and humidity sensitivity of a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) inscribed in a near infrared low-loss multimode perfluorinated polymer optical fiber based on cyclic transparent optical polymer (CYTOP). For this purpose, FBGs were inscribed into the multimode CYTOP fiber with a core diameter of 50 µm by using a krypton fluoride (KrF) excimer laser and the phase mask method. The evolution of the reflection spectrum of the FBG detected with a multimode interrogation technique revealed a single reflection peak with a full width at half maximum (FHWM) bandwidth of about 9 nm. Furthermore, the spectral envelope of the single FBG reflection peak can be optimized depending on the KrF excimer laser irradiation time. A linear shift of the Bragg wavelength due to applied strain, temperature and humidity was measured. Furthermore, depending on irradiation time of the KrF excimer laser, both the failure strain and strain sensitivity of the multimode fiber with FBG can be controlled. The inherent low light attenuation in the near infrared wavelength range (telecommunication window) of the multimode CYTOP fiber and the single FBG reflection peak when applying the multimode interrogation set-up will allow for new applications in the area of telecommunication and optical sensing.

In this work we investigate the strain, temperature and humidity sensitivity of a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) inscribed in a near infrared low-loss multimode perfluorinated polymer optical fiber based on cyclic transparent optical polymer (CYTOP). For this purpose, FBGs were inscribed into the multimode CYTOP fiber with a core diameter of 50 µm by using a krypton fluoride (KrF) excimer laser and the phase mask method. The evolution of the reflection spectrum of the FBG detected with a multimode interrogation technique revealed a single reflection peak with a full width at half maximum (FHWM) bandwidth of about 9 nm. Furthermore, the spectral envelope of the single FBG reflection peak can be optimized depending on the KrF excimer laser irradiation time. A linear shift of the Bragg wavelength due to applied strain, temperature and humidity was measured. Furthermore, depending on irradiation time of the KrF excimer laser, both the failure strain and strain sensitivity of the multimode fiber with FBG can be controlled. The inherent low light attenuation in the near infrared wavelength range (telecommunication window) of the multimode CYTOP fiber and the single FBG reflection peak when applying the multimode interrogation set-up will allow for new applications in the area of telecommunication and optical sensing.

We present a full-polymer respiratory monitoring device suited for application in environments with strong magnetic fields (e.g., during an MRI measurement). The sensor is based on the well-known evanescent field method and consists of a 1 mm plastic optical fiber with a bent region where the cladding is removed and the fiber is coated with poly-dimethylacrylamide (PDMAA). The combination of materials allows for a mass-production of the device by spray-coating and enables integration in disposable medical devices like oxygen masks, which we demonstrate here. We also present results of the application of an autocorrelation-based algorithm for respiratory frequency determination that is relevant for real applications of the device.

Gaseous and liquid pollutants such as ammonia (NH3) gas and ethanol liquid, are ubiquitous in daily human activities and have been extensively studied because of their high toxicity and wide use in many fields. Common NH3 gas and ethanol liquid detectors are electrical based. Although these electrical or conductometric sensors attain high sensitivity, they suffer from drawbacks that include poor selectivity, high operating temperature, and being prone to electromagnetic interference, which can be addressed by optical sensor. Optical fiber sensors present advantages in certain aspects as compared with electrical sensor, such as their compact size, capability to work in harsh environment, and capacity for remote and distributed sensing. However, chemical sensing using optical fiber has not been fully explored. Presently, nanotechnology enabled chemical sensors have been increasingly used to enhance the sensing performance as compared with the conventional sensors toward target analytes owing to their high surface area. The sensing layer based on nanostructures has been identified to work at low temperature with high sensitivity. Therefore, this research project aims to design and comprehensively analyze optical fiber based NH3 gas and ethanol liquid sensors with the incorporation of different nanostructure coatings as sensing layers. Plastic optical fiber (POF) was selected as the transducing platform for the sensor because of its low cost, ease in fabrication, and suitability for remote sensing applications. The sensitivity of POF based sensors can be improved by simply polishing part of the fiber to form side-polished optical fiber (SPPOF) using simple mechanical polishing technique. Thus, the light interaction upon coating with the sensing layer will significantly improve and great absorbance response will be achieved upon exposure to different target chemical concentrations. The influence of nanostructures morphology and roughness on the sensing performance was al

Gaseous and liquid pollutants such as ammonia (NH3) gas and ethanol liquid, are ubiquitous in daily human activities and have been extensively studied because of their high toxicity and wide use in many fields. Common NH3 gas and ethanol liquid detectors are electrical based. Although these electrical or conductometric sensors attain high sensitivity, they suffer from drawbacks that include poor selectivity, high operating temperature, and being prone to electromagnetic interference, which can be addressed by optical sensor. Optical fiber sensors present advantages in certain aspects as compared with electrical sensor, such as their compact size, capability to work in harsh environment, and capacity for remote and distributed sensing. However, chemical sensing using optical fiber has not been fully explored. Presently, nanotechnology enabled chemical sensors have been increasingly used to enhance the sensing performance as compared with the conventional sensors toward target analytes owing to their high surface area. The sensing layer based on nanostructures has been identified to work at low temperature with high sensitivity. Therefore, this research project aims to design and comprehensively analyze optical fiber based NH3 gas and ethanol liquid sensors with the incorporation of different nanostructure coatings as sensing layers. Plastic optical fiber (POF) was selected as the transducing platform for the sensor because of its low cost, ease in fabrication, and suitability for remote sensing applications. The sensitivity of POF based sensors can be improved by simply polishing part of the fiber to form side-polished optical fiber (SPPOF) using simple mechanical polishing technique. Thus, the light interaction upon coating with the sensing layer will significantly improve and great absorbance response will be achieved upon exposure to different target chemical concentrations. The influence of nanostructures morphology and roughness on the sensing performance was al

In this work, fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) were inscribed in two different undoped poly- (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer optical fibres (POFs) using different types of UV lasers and their inscription times, temperature and strain sensitivities are investigated. The POF Bragg gratings (POFBGs) were inscribed using two UV lasers: a continuous UV HeCd @325 nm laser and a pulsed UV KrF @248 nm laser. Two PMMA POFs are used in which the primary and secondary preforms (during the two-step drawing process) have a different thermal treatment. The PMMA POFs drawn in which the primary or secondary preform is not specifically pre-treated need longer inscription time than the fibres drawn where both preforms have been pre-annealed at 80 °C for 2 weeks. Using both UV lasers, for the latter fibre much less inscription time is needed compared to another homemade POF. The properties of a POF fabricated with both preforms thermally well annealed are different from those in which just one preform step process is thermally treated, with the first POFs being much less sensitive to thermal treatment. The influence of annealing on the strain and temperature sensitivities of the fibres prior to FBG inscription is also discussed, where it is observed that the fibre produced from a two-step drawing process with well-defined pre-annealing of both preforms did not produce any significant difference in sensitivity. The results indicate the impact of preform thermal pre-treatment before the PMMA POFs drawing, which can be an essential characteristic in the view of developing POF sensors technology.

We experimentally demonstrate the first polymer optical fiber Bragg grating inscribed with only one krypton fluoride laser pulse. The device has been recorded in a single-mode poly(methyl methacrylate) optical fiber, with a core doped with benzyl dimethyl ketal for photosensitivity enhancement. One laser pulse with a duration of 15 ns, which provide energy density of 974 mJ/cm2, is adequate to introduce a refractive index change of 0.74×10-4 in the fiber core. After the exposure, the reflectivity of the grating increases for a few minutes following a second order exponential saturation. The produced Bragg grating structure rejects 17.9 dB transmitted power, thus providing 98.4% reflectivity, which is well suited for sensing applications. In addition, we report the importance of the fiber thermal treatment before or after the inscription, showing its effects on the lifetime and quality of the grating structures. Optimizing the irradiation conditions and the material chemical composition, a higher refractive index change in the fiber core is feasible. This demonstration significantly improves the potential for commercial exploitation of the technology.

The first demonstration of a polymer optical fibre Bragg grating (POFBG) embedded in a 3-D printed structure is reported. Its cyclic strain performance and temperature characteristics are examined and discussed. The sensing patch has a repeatable strain sensitivity of 0.38 pm/mu epsilon. Its temperature behaviour is unstable, with temperature sensitivity values varying between 30-40 pm/degrees C.

Polymer optical waveguides, especially single-mode waveguides are increasingly used for short distance communication, as well as for sensing applications. The realization of a working communication route requires different and sequentially realized steps. Generally, these steps are the packaging of semiconductor beam senders and receivers, the fabrication of an optical waveguide, the preparation of its end-facets, the alignment of different elements along their optical axis and the integration into a desired communication route. The development of a process, which integrates all these steps for planar surfaces, offers a reduction in time and an increase in flexibility. A sub-step toward such a highly automated system is the integration of optical waveguides into the planar surface. In this context, we are investigating the use of the micro-dispensing process to realize this integration step. We functionalize UV-curing adhesives as cladding for micro-optical cores as well as for inherent bonding to the substrate surface. For this purpose an optical characterization of the adhesives is necessary for an adequate core and cladding material combination. A ow behavior characterization is also relevant in order to analyze the used dispensing process with the selected adhesive. Finally, a mechanical characterization is done to test the adhesion of the core to the adhesive, as well as the adhesive to the substrate surface. In this paper we present a summary of the realized characterization of the selected polymer. Based on experiment results we infer limits and opportunities of this method. © 2016 SPIE.

The width of spiral-patterned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod coatings on plastic optical fiber (POF) was optimized theoretically for light-side coupling and found to be 5 mm. Structured ZnO nanorods were grown on large core POFs for the purpose of alcohol vapor sensing. The aim of the spiral patterns was to enhance signal transmission by reduction of the effective ZnO growth area, thereby minimizing light leakage due to backscattering. The sensing mechanism utilized changes in the output signal due to adsorption of methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol vapors. Three spectral bands consisting of red (620 to 750 nm), green (495 to 570 nm), and blue (450 to 495 nm) were applied in measurements. The range of relative intensity modulation (RIM) was determined to be for concentrations between 25 to 300 ppm. Methanol presented the strongest response compared to ethanol and isopropanol in all three spectral channels. With regard to alcohol detection RIM by spectral band, the green channel demonstrated the highest RIM values followed by the blue and red channels, respectively., QC 20161212

A high-performance fuel gauging sensor is described that uses five diaphragm-based pressure sensors, which are monitored using a linear array of polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings. The sensors were initially characterized using water, revealing a sensitivity of 98 pm/cm for four of the sensors and 86 pm/cm for the fifth. The discrepancy in the sensitivity of the fifth sensor has been explained as being a result of the annealing of the other four sensors. Initial testing in JET A-1 aviation fuel revealed the unsuitability of silicone rubber diaphragms for prolonged usage in fuel. A second set of sensors manufactured with a polyurethane-based diaphragm showed no measurable deterioration over a three month period immersed in fuel. These sensors exhibited a sensitivity of 39 pm/cm, which is less than the silicone rubber devices due to the stiffer nature of the polyurethane material used.

We use numerical simulations to design a hollow-core microstructured polymer optical fiber (HC-mPOF) suitable for broadband, terahertz (THz) pulse transmission with relatively low losses and small dispersion. The HC-mPOF consists of a central large air-core surrounded by periodically arranged wavelength-scale circular air holes in a hexagonal pattern, embedded in a uniform Teflon matrix. The THz guidance in this fiber is achieved by exploiting the photonic bandgap (PBG) effect. In our low index contrast Teflon-air (1.44:1) hexagonal periodic lattice, the PBG appears only for a certain range of non-zero values of the longitudinal wavevector. We have achieved PBG over a broad spectral range (bandwidth similar to 400 GHz) ranging from 1.65 to 2.05 THz in the proposed HC-mPOF. The achievable loss coefficient in our designed HC-mPOF is

We present in-vitro sensing of glucose using a newly developed efficient optical fiber glucose sensor based on a Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) tipped polymer optical fiber (POF). A batch of 9 CPC tipped POF sensors with a 35 mm fiber length is shown to have an enhanced fluorescence pickup efficiency with an average increment factor of 1.7 as compared to standard POF sensors with a plane cut fiber tip. Invitro measurements for two glucose concentrations (40 and 400 mg/dL) confirm that the CPC tipped sensors efficiently can detect both glucose concentrations. it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column.

We report on an incidence angle influence on inscription of the Fiber Bragg Gratings in Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microstructured polymer optical fibers. We have shown experimentally that there is a strong preference of certain angles, labeled Gamma K, over the other ones. Angles close to Gamma K showed fast start of inscription, rapid inscription and stronger gratings. We have also shown that gratings can be obtained at almost any angle but their quality will be lower if they are not around Gamma K angle. Our experimental results verify earlier numerical and experimental predictions of Marshall et al. (C)2015 Optical Society of America

This paper presents a hybrid antenna design for an optically powered super high frequency (SHF) radio frequency identification transponder applicable for the integration into metal. The key feature of the antenna is its ability to receive microwave signals at SHF for data communication and optical signals for the power supply of the transponder. The antenna design is based on a circular waveguide which is filled with a bundle of polymer optical fibers to guide light to the photodiodes. In addition, a transition is placed within the circular waveguide to transfer the waveguide mode of the SHF signal into a microstrip mode which is a more suitable structure for the integration of electronic transponder components. This paper discusses the constraints and solutions for the aforementioned combination of SHF microwave and light. The figures of merit of the optical power supply are presented, including considerations of the light distribution and the obtained power as a function of the incident angle and the used polymer optical fiber diameter. Furthermore, the measured gain and return loss of the SHF antenna structure is compared to the simulated results. © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association, 2013.

U uvodu istaknut je značaj istraživanja u oblasti nanokompozitnih materijali na bazi oksida aktiviranih jonima lantanida koji imaju veoma značajnu primenu za izradu lasera, laserskih i LED dioda, luminescentnih lampi, displeja, optičkih vlakana, biomedicinskih markera itd. Za primenu posebno su od interesa emisije uskog energetskog opsega, dugo vreme života pobuđenih elektronskih stanja (fosforescencija) i fotohemijska stabilnost. U zavisnosti od načina pobuđivanja, luminescencija se može podeliti na: a) fotoluminescenciju (PL) – posledica apsorpcije elektromagnetnog zračenja, b) elektroluminescencija – posledica apsorpcije električnog polja, c) radioluminescencija – posledica jonizujućeg zračenja, d) katodoluminescencija – posledica interakcije snopa elektrona velike brzine sa tankim slojem fluorescentne supstance, e) hemiluminescencija – posledica pretvaranja hemijske energije u svetlosnu, f) bioluminescencija. Predmet ove doktorske disertacije su luminiscentni materijali. Kada se fosforescentna čestica izloži dejstvu eksitacionog izvora, kao što je ultraljubičasta (UV) ili vacuum-UV (VUV) svetlost, ona prolazi kroz proces apsorpcije, relaksacije i emisije. Svetlost se apsorbuje od strane materijala domaćina i apsorbovana energija se prenosi sa materijala domaćina na aktivator (luminescentni centar). Aktivator na kraju emituje vidjivu svetlost preko mehanizma prenosa energije. Fotoekscitacija na određenoj talasnoj dužini u bliskoj infracrvenoj oblasti koja je praćena luminiscencijom na kraćim talasnim dužinama u vidljivoj svetlosti se naziva prelaz iz bliske infracrvene u vidljivu oblast. To je veoma neobična pojava jer se fotoni niže energije „pretvaraju“ u fotone sa višom energijom. Najmanje dva fotona u infracrvenoj oblasti su potrebna za generisanje jednog fotona u vidljivoj oblasti. Upkonverzija se uglavnom dešava u materijalima u kojima procesi relaksacije više fotona ne dominiraju, što omogućava više od jednog metastabilnog stanja. U jedinjenjima retkih zem, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is one of the most powerful tools to study the behavior of plastic and polymer composite materials and it is potentially very useful tool to simulate behavior of plastic optic fibers (POF) in real applications. Possibility of simultaneous measurements of some optical properties during DMA would significantly upgrade investigations of POF alone or embedded in some materials. In this work, single cantilever DMA of the POFs that was done simultaneously with measuring the transmitted optical signal intensity is described and discussed. In order to compare mechanical results of the same material for cylindrical and rectangular specimens, rectangular plates were prepared by melting POFs and the same kind of tests were performed. It is shown that changing the optical signal intensity corresponds to the changes of storage modulus of the POF during DMA, and the maximums in optical signals intensity indicate the beginning of glass transition processes in the POF material. The results of a study related to the processing and characterization of PMMA-Y2O3 (Eu3+) nanocomposites are presented herein. The nanocomposite samples were prepared using a laboratory mixing molder with different contents of Eu-ion doped Y2O3 nanophosphor powder. The influence of particle content on the optical and dynamic mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was investigated. The intensity of the luminescence emission spectra increased as the nanophosphor content in the composite increased. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer composites increased with increasing content of the nanophosphor powder. The microhardness data also confirmed that the hardness number increased with nanoparticles concentration in the PMMA nanocomposites. The obtained results revealed a relatively linear relationship between Tg and the Vickers hardness. This study reports research rela

[EN] The low-cost in-home distribution of full-standard digital TV jointly with high-bitrate data using 50 m long 1 mm core diameter gradedindex plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Discrete multitone (DMT) modulation is demonstrated to provide an adaptive bitrate which can spectrally coexist with digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) signals in 470-862 MHz. A 3 Gb/s DMT signal and two DVB-T channels are generated, transmitted and received exhibiting excellent performance. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

[EN] The low-cost in-home distribution of full-standard digital TV jointly with high-bitrate data using 50 m long 1 mm core diameter gradedindex plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Discrete multitone (DMT) modulation is demonstrated to provide an adaptive bitrate which can spectrally coexist with digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) signals in 470-862 MHz. A 3 Gb/s DMT signal and two DVB-T channels are generated, transmitted and received exhibiting excellent performance. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

[EN] The low-cost in-home distribution of full-standard digital TV jointly with high-bitrate data using 50 m long 1 mm core diameter gradedindex plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Discrete multitone (DMT) modulation is demonstrated to provide an adaptive bitrate which can spectrally coexist with digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) signals in 470-862 MHz. A 3 Gb/s DMT signal and two DVB-T channels are generated, transmitted and received exhibiting excellent performance. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

Multi-carrier modulation (MCM) is today’s method of choice for communication systems. This is also true for SI-POF. The basics of MCM and special characteristics for the optical transmission using SI-POF are explained within this paper. Current approaches for MCM over SI-POF are described: Teleconnect’s G.hn based solution for home networking and Innodul’s DMT-based Gigabit solution.

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is one of the most powerful tools to study the behavior of plastic and polymer composite materials and it is a potentially very useful tool to simulate behavior of plastic optic fibers (POF) in real applications. The possibility of simultaneous measurements of some optical properties during DMA would significantly upgrade investigations of POF alone or embedded in some materials. In this work, single cantilever DMA of the POFs that was done simultaneously with measuring the transmitted optical signal intensity is described and discussed. In order to compare mechanical results of the same material for cylindrical and rectangular specimens, rectangular plates were prepared by melting POFs and the same kind of tests were performed. It is shown that changes of the optical signal intensity correspond to the changes of storage modulus of the POF during DMA, and the maximums in optical signals intensity indicate the beginning of glass transition processes in the POF material., Dinamičko-mehanička analiza (DMA) je jedna od najefikasnijih metoda za proučavanje ponašanja plastičnih i polimernih kompozitnih materijala i potencijalno može biti veoma korisna za simulaciju ponašanja plastičnih optičkih vlakana (POV) u realnim primenama. Mogućnost istovremenog merenja nekih optičkih svojstava za vreme DMA može značajno da unapredi proučavanje POV, samih ili ugrađenih u neki materijal. U ovom radu je opisano i diskutovano merenje mehaničkih svojstava POV pomoću 'single cantilever' DMA koje je izvršeno istovremeno sa merenjem intenziteta propuštene svetlosti kroz POV. Kako bi se uporedili rezultati DMA koji su dobijeni za pravougaone i cilindrične uzorke od istog materijala, ista vrsta ispitivanja vršena je i na pravougaonim pločicama dobijenim topljenjem POV. U radu je pokazano da promene intenziteta optičkih signala odgovaraju promenama modula sačuvane energije POV za vreme DMA, a da dobijene maksimalne vrednosti optičkih signala označavaju početak procesa prelaza u staklasto stanje u materijalu od koga je napravljeno optičko vlakno.

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is one of the most powerful tools to study the behavior of plastic and polymer composite materials and it is a potentially very useful tool to simulate behavior of plastic optic fibers (POF) in real applications. The possibility of simultaneous measurements of some optical properties during DMA would significantly upgrade investigations of POF alone or embedded in some materials. In this work, single cantilever DMA of the POFs that was done simultaneously with measuring the transmitted optical signal intensity is described and discussed. In order to compare mechanical results of the same material for cylindrical and rectangular specimens, rectangular plates were prepared by melting POFs and the same kind of tests were performed. It is shown that changes of the optical signal intensity correspond to the changes of storage modulus of the POF during DMA, and the maximums in optical signals intensity indicate the beginning of glass transition processes in the POF material., Dinamičko-mehanička analiza (DMA) je jedna od najefikasnijih metoda za proučavanje ponašanja plastičnih i polimernih kompozitnih materijala i potencijalno može biti veoma korisna za simulaciju ponašanja plastičnih optičkih vlakana (POV) u realnim primenama. Mogućnost istovremenog merenja nekih optičkih svojstava za vreme DMA može značajno da unapredi proučavanje POV, samih ili ugrađenih u neki materijal. U ovom radu je opisano i diskutovano merenje mehaničkih svojstava POV pomoću 'single cantilever' DMA koje je izvršeno istovremeno sa merenjem intenziteta propuštene svetlosti kroz POV. Kako bi se uporedili rezultati DMA koji su dobijeni za pravougaone i cilindrične uzorke od istog materijala, ista vrsta ispitivanja vršena je i na pravougaonim pločicama dobijenim topljenjem POV. U radu je pokazano da promene intenziteta optičkih signala odgovaraju promenama modula sačuvane energije POV za vreme DMA, a da dobijene maksimalne vrednosti optičkih signala označavaju početak procesa prelaza u staklasto stanje u materijalu od koga je napravljeno optičko vlakno.