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Background: The effect of dialysis treatment is complex, with both clinical and socio-psychological effects. In this study, we aimed to assess the psychological status of this growing population of end-stage renal disease. Methods: Using the Short Form of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) questionnaire, we aimed (1) to measure the psychological states of hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) subjects from 15 sites, (2) to compare DASS21 scores between HD and PD, and (3) to identify the associated demographic and medical factors of better psychological states. Results: A total of 1,332 were eligible for analysis. Stress (48%) recorded the highest negative emotional states, followed by depression (37%) and anxiety (20%). By multivariate analysis, normal body mass index weight status, religion and absence of coronary artery disease were associated with lower score for depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Tertiary education was associated with the lowest score in depression and anxiety, whereas HD had a lower score in stress than PD. A younger age was associated with worse DASS21 score of anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Obesity, religion and coronary artery disease were significantly associated with all 3 symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Older age has a protective effect on anxiety and stress. Further study is needed to evaluate the relationship between these significant factors and each psychological state.

Background: The effect of dialysis treatment is complex, with both clinical and socio-psychological effects. In this study, we aimed to assess the psychological status of this growing population of end-stage renal disease. Methods: Using the Short Form of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) questionnaire, we aimed (1) to measure the psychological states of hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) subjects from 15 sites, (2) to compare DASS21 scores between HD and PD, and (3) to identify the associated demographic and medical factors of better psychological states. Results: A total of 1,332 were eligible for analysis. Stress (48%) recorded the highest negative emotional states, followed by depression (37%) and anxiety (20%). By multivariate analysis, normal body mass index weight status, religion and absence of coronary artery disease were associated with lower score for depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Tertiary education was associated with the lowest score in depression and anxiety, whereas HD had a lower score in stress than PD. A younger age was associated with worse DASS21 score of anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Obesity, religion and coronary artery disease were significantly associated with all 3 symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Older age has a protective effect on anxiety and stress. Further study is needed to evaluate the relationship between these significant factors and each psychological state.

There is a growing interest to use quality of life as one of the dialysis outcome measurement. Based on the Malaysian National Renal Registry data on 15 participating sites, 1569 adult subjects who were alive at December 31, 2012, aged 18 years old and above were screened. Demographic and medical data of 1332 eligible subjects were collected during the administration of the short form of World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) in Malay, English, and Chinese language, respectively. The primary objective is to evaluate the quality of life among dialysis patients using WHOQOL-BREF. The secondary objective is to examine significant factors that affect quality of life score. Mean (SD) transformed quality of life scores were 56.2 (15.8), 59.8 (16.8), 58.2 (18.5), 59.5 (14.6), 61.0 (18.5) for (1) physical, (2) psychological, (3) social relations, (4) environment domains, and (5) combined overall quality of life and general health, respectively. Peritoneal dialysis group scored significantly higher than hemodialysis group in the mean combined overall quality of life and general health score (63.0 vs. 60.0, P < 0.001). Independent factors that were associated significantly with quality of life score in different domains include gender, body mass index, religion, education, marital status, occupation, income, mode of dialysis, hemoglobin, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular accident and leg amputation. Subjects on peritoneal dialysis modality achieved higher combined overall quality of life and general health score than those on hemodialysis. Religion and cerebral vascular accident were significantly associated with all domains and combined overall quality of life and general health.

There is a growing interest to use quality of life as one of the dialysis outcome measurement. Based on the Malaysian National Renal Registry data on 15 participating sites, 1569 adult subjects who were alive at December 31, 2012, aged 18 years old and above were screened. Demographic and medical data of 1332 eligible subjects were collected during the administration of the short form of World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) in Malay, English, and Chinese language, respectively. The primary objective is to evaluate the quality of life among dialysis patients using WHOQOL-BREF. The secondary objective is to examine significant factors that affect quality of life score. Mean (SD) transformed quality of life scores were 56.2 (15.8), 59.8 (16.8), 58.2 (18.5), 59.5 (14.6), 61.0 (18.5) for (1) physical, (2) psychological, (3) social relations, (4) environment domains, and (5) combined overall quality of life and general health, respectively. Peritoneal dialysis group scored significantly higher than hemodialysis group in the mean combined overall quality of life and general health score (63.0 vs. 60.0, P < 0.001). Independent factors that were associated significantly with quality of life score in different domains include gender, body mass index, religion, education, marital status, occupation, income, mode of dialysis, hemoglobin, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, cerebral vascular accident and leg amputation. Subjects on peritoneal dialysis modality achieved higher combined overall quality of life and general health score than those on hemodialysis. Religion and cerebral vascular accident were significantly associated with all domains and combined overall quality of life and general health.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.