Search

Objective: Most EFL students need help to develop their speaking abilities. Due to their limited vocabulary, poor grammar, and lack of confidence, they could not practice speaking. Ten students from the English Department joined a study group to address these obstacles. Method: The procedure was carried out online. The teacher created a WhatsApp group as the initial class medium. He added to the vocabulary development and grammar education on the screen. The students studied the material on a video podcast to retell to meet the comprehension criteria, synchronizing their inputs with real life. They then describe a picture to hone their communication skills. They also transcript their story in order to make the spoken and written versions of it coincide. Results: After following the teacher's instructions to build sentences using the lexico-grammar technique, students can identify the grammatical conventions used in podcasts. They can adequately narrate pictures thanks to this type of learning. Their increased confidence fosters mature dialogue. The students' delivery will become more fluid due to the novelty of learning sentence construction through lexico-grammatical techniques and synchronizing it to podcast material. They acquired the ability to apply vocabulary and grammar norms contextually. It was evident from the way they described the images. To fit the needs of their students in the classroom, teachers might change them. It also encourages other researchers to continue their observations.

Objective: Most EFL students need help to develop their speaking abilities. Due to their limited vocabulary, poor grammar, and lack of confidence, they could not practice speaking. Ten students from the English Department joined a study group to address these obstacles. Method: The procedure was carried out online. The teacher created a WhatsApp group as the initial class medium. He added to the vocabulary development and grammar education on the screen. The students studied the material on a video podcast to retell to meet the comprehension criteria, synchronizing their inputs with real life. They then describe a picture to hone their communication skills. They also transcript their story in order to make the spoken and written versions of it coincide. Results: After following the teacher's instructions to build sentences using the lexico-grammar technique, students can identify the grammatical conventions used in podcasts. They can adequately narrate pictures thanks to this type of learning. Their increased confidence fosters mature dialogue. The students' delivery will become more fluid due to the novelty of learning sentence construction through lexico-grammatical techniques and synchronizing it to podcast material. They acquired the ability to apply vocabulary and grammar norms contextually. It was evident from the way they described the images. To fit the needs of their students in the classroom, teachers might change them. It also encourages other researchers to continue their observations.

Objective: This study analyzes the effectiveness of discovery learning models integrated with Android. Method: The method used is the literature review method. A literature review is a type of research used to collect data and information from various references. This research analyzes 20 national and international articles that can be accounted for. The articles used are articles published in 2018-2023. The steps taken in this study are identifying topics, finding and selecting appropriate articles, analyzing and synthesizing literature, and concluding. Results: Based on the results of research and analysis, it can be supposed that (1) the application of the discovery learning model can improve students' scientific literacy; (2) The use of Android in learning can improve students' scientific literacy. Novelty: This research reveals that integrating discovery learning learning models with androids can improve students' scientific literacy. This discovery invites researchers, educators, and governments to develop and facilitate discovery learning integrated with Android.

Objective: This study analyzes the effectiveness of discovery learning models integrated with Android. Method: The method used is the literature review method. A literature review is a type of research used to collect data and information from various references. This research analyzes 20 national and international articles that can be accounted for. The articles used are articles published in 2018-2023. The steps taken in this study are identifying topics, finding and selecting appropriate articles, analyzing and synthesizing literature, and concluding. Results: Based on the results of research and analysis, it can be supposed that (1) the application of the discovery learning model can improve students' scientific literacy; (2) The use of Android in learning can improve students' scientific literacy. Novelty: This research reveals that integrating discovery learning learning models with androids can improve students' scientific literacy. This discovery invites researchers, educators, and governments to develop and facilitate discovery learning integrated with Android.

A critical aspect of measuring judgment in the 21st century is scientific literacy. In addition to the scientific literacy aspect as part of the grade 21 skills assessment, there are other essential aspects, namely student problem-solving skills. Based on the articles collected, it can be concluded that to meet the necessities of life in various situations in the global era, Literacy ability is a fundamental thing that all students must own. The role of scientific literacy instruments is needed to measure students' science problem-solving abilities. Because scientific literacy is an individual's ability to identify, explain and conclude scientific evidence by using the ability to solve problems based on how to understand, plan, solve, and reassess. This can be seen from the many theories and teaching methods that support the results obtained from the forty-four journals reviewed. The criteria for the articles used are those published in 2017-2022. The purpose of this article review is to determine the role of scientific literacy instruments in measuring students' problem-solving abilities by using a literature review that gathers sources from several previous articles.

Objective: The objectives are to discover the health impact of cigarette smoke, the factors make adolescents’ smoking behavior, and how guided inquiry and other rules for preventing smoking behavior. Method: This research uses a literature review research method or literature study, collecting several sources that can later be used as a reference. This research is obtained from the seventy-five journals reviewed. Results: Based on the literature review, so many destructive impacts of cigarette smoke on health. Mostly factor in smoking behavior is an advertisement of cigarettes. Preventive ways to stop adolescents smoking behavior are also available. Nevertheless, the most effective ways are school-based learning. Primarily health education with guided inquiry learning based. Novelty: Previous research by another researcher needs to explain the factors of adolescent smoking behavior sufficiently; the previous research also needs to mention the prevention of that behavior. This research shows the health impact of smoking and prevention in social life, and this research shows the role of guided inquiry for prevention.

Objective: The objectives are to discover the health impact of cigarette smoke, the factors make adolescents’ smoking behavior, and how guided inquiry and other rules for preventing smoking behavior. Method: This research uses a literature review research method or literature study, collecting several sources that can later be used as a reference. This research is obtained from the seventy-five journals reviewed. Results: Based on the literature review, so many destructive impacts of cigarette smoke on health. Mostly factor in smoking behavior is an advertisement of cigarettes. Preventive ways to stop adolescents smoking behavior are also available. Nevertheless, the most effective ways are school-based learning. Primarily health education with guided inquiry learning based. Novelty: Previous research by another researcher needs to explain the factors of adolescent smoking behavior sufficiently; the previous research also needs to mention the prevention of that behavior. This research shows the health impact of smoking and prevention in social life, and this research shows the role of guided inquiry for prevention.

A critical aspect of measuring judgment in the 21st century is scientific literacy. In addition to the scientific literacy aspect as part of the grade 21 skills assessment, there are other essential aspects, namely student problem-solving skills. Based on the articles collected, it can be concluded that to meet the necessities of life in various situations in the global era, Literacy ability is a fundamental thing that all students must own. The role of scientific literacy instruments is needed to measure students' science problem-solving abilities. Because scientific literacy is an individual's ability to identify, explain and conclude scientific evidence by using the ability to solve problems based on how to understand, plan, solve, and reassess. This can be seen from the many theories and teaching methods that support the results obtained from the forty-four journals reviewed. The criteria for the articles used are those published in 2017-2022. The purpose of this article review is to determine the role of scientific literacy instruments in measuring students' problem-solving abilities by using a literature review that gathers sources from several previous articles.

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of 3D models online modules to practice mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. The effectiveness of the 3D models online modules was measured using a conceptual knowledge mastery test instrument which was tested on 15 7th grade junior high school students in Jombang district, East Jawa, Indonesia. The test instrument consisted of 30 questions with the addition of the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) which was divided into 3 meetings and each meeting tested 10 questions. The results showed that 48.67% of students had been able to master conceptual knowledge when given the 3D models online modules. However, 31.11% of students experienced misconceptions, 8.44% answered correctly because of luck and 11.78% had not been able to master conceptual knowledge. Because the resulting misconceptions fall into the moderate criteria, it can be concluded that the 3D models online modules in general has not been effective in practicing mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. When examined further, this ineffectiveness is found in the cognitive dimensions of C4, learning indicators (LI) 1, 3 and 4, as well as conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 1 and 3. While the effective 3D models online modules in cognitive dimensions C2 and C5, learning indicators (LI) 2 and 5, and conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 2

The purpose of the research is to develop a STEM-based PjBL model of learning tools to train students' creativity through the Flood Detection Alarm project task. The research development design is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). Methods of collecting research data using validation, questionnaires, observation, assessment, and documentation.The validity of the learning device has an average score above the value of 3 (valid). The practicality of learning devices is in the very good category, obstacles that occur during learning can be resolved with several solutions so that learning can run smoothly as expected. The effectiveness of the learning tools is effective in terms of the creativity of the students, the average score is 87.6% (very creative) and the students' responses are the average score is 94% (positive). The conclusion that can be underlined from the results of this study is the development of science learning tools with the PjBL model with a STEM approach that is suitable for training students' creativity in making Flood Detection Alarm products on Dynamic Electricity material.

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of 3D models online modules to practice mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. The effectiveness of the 3D models online modules was measured using a conceptual knowledge mastery test instrument which was tested on 15 7th grade junior high school students in Jombang district, East Jawa, Indonesia. The test instrument consisted of 30 questions with the addition of the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) which was divided into 3 meetings and each meeting tested 10 questions. The results showed that 48.67% of students had been able to master conceptual knowledge when given the 3D models online modules. However, 31.11% of students experienced misconceptions, 8.44% answered correctly because of luck and 11.78% had not been able to master conceptual knowledge. Because the resulting misconceptions fall into the moderate criteria, it can be concluded that the 3D models online modules in general has not been effective in practicing mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. When examined further, this ineffectiveness is found in the cognitive dimensions of C4, learning indicators (LI) 1, 3 and 4, as well as conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 1 and 3. While the effective 3D models online modules in cognitive dimensions C2 and C5, learning indicators (LI) 2 and 5, and conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 2

The purpose of the research is to develop a STEM-based PjBL model of learning tools to train students' creativity through the Flood Detection Alarm project task. The research development design is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). Methods of collecting research data using validation, questionnaires, observation, assessment, and documentation.The validity of the learning device has an average score above the value of 3 (valid). The practicality of learning devices is in the very good category, obstacles that occur during learning can be resolved with several solutions so that learning can run smoothly as expected. The effectiveness of the learning tools is effective in terms of the creativity of the students, the average score is 87.6% (very creative) and the students' responses are the average score is 94% (positive). The conclusion that can be underlined from the results of this study is the development of science learning tools with the PjBL model with a STEM approach that is suitable for training students' creativity in making Flood Detection Alarm products on Dynamic Electricity material.

Pandemi COVID-19 telah menurunkan penghasilan, menghilangkan pekerjaan, mengganggu kesehatan masyarakat. Tanpa kecuali masyarakat desa Iker Iker Cerme Gresik harus bisa mengatasi dan bangkit melalui hasil panen Cabe mereka. Pandemi mempengaruhi penjualan cabe beserta olahannya dan bidang kuliner yang memanfaatkannya. Cabe merupakan bahan pokok yang tidak stabil harga dan pasokannya, cuaca dan kondisi alam sangat mempengaruhi produktivitasnya. Kekeringan yang panjang dan hujan yang berlebihan  menjadi kendala bagi petani Cabe. Harga cabe yang terus melambung, membuat tengkulak menangguk untung sesaat tetapi masyarakat umum yang resah. Harga Cabe mahal saat stok di petani habis atau menipis. Kisaran harga yang terlalu fluktuatif tersebut mengganggu bagi petani dan masyarakat serta bidang wirausaha kuliner yang berbahan dasar Cabe. Solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut tim PkM Unesa berkolaborasi, bersinergi mengedukasi ibu-ibu PKK menangani hasil cabe dengan diversifikasi olahan berbahan dasar cabe. Dilakukan pelatihan dengan metode tanya jawab, demonstrasi dan praktek untuk menghasilkan olahan yang variatif menjadi abon cabe, saus cabe, stik cabe, aneka sambal cabe, bubuk cabe, berkedel cabe, yang higienis dengan pengemasannya.  Kegiatan PkM yang dilakukan menyebabkan ibu-ibu PKK desa Iker Iker memiliki keterampilan pengolahan Cabe dan timbul jiwa wira usaha baru untuk menambah penghasilan bagi keluarga dimasa Pandemi Covid-19.

Pandemi COVID-19 telah menurunkan penghasilan, menghilangkan pekerjaan, mengganggu kesehatan masyarakat. Tanpa kecuali masyarakat desa Iker Iker Cerme Gresik harus bisa mengatasi dan bangkit melalui hasil panen Cabe mereka. Pandemi mempengaruhi penjualan cabe beserta olahannya dan bidang kuliner yang memanfaatkannya. Cabe merupakan bahan pokok yang tidak stabil harga dan pasokannya, cuaca dan kondisi alam sangat mempengaruhi produktivitasnya. Kekeringan yang panjang dan hujan yang berlebihan  menjadi kendala bagi petani Cabe. Harga cabe yang terus melambung, membuat tengkulak menangguk untung sesaat tetapi masyarakat umum yang resah. Harga Cabe mahal saat stok di petani habis atau menipis. Kisaran harga yang terlalu fluktuatif tersebut mengganggu bagi petani dan masyarakat serta bidang wirausaha kuliner yang berbahan dasar Cabe. Solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut tim PkM Unesa berkolaborasi, bersinergi mengedukasi ibu-ibu PKK menangani hasil cabe dengan diversifikasi olahan berbahan dasar cabe. Dilakukan pelatihan dengan metode tanya jawab, demonstrasi dan praktek untuk menghasilkan olahan yang variatif menjadi abon cabe, saus cabe, stik cabe, aneka sambal cabe, bubuk cabe, berkedel cabe, yang higienis dengan pengemasannya.  Kegiatan PkM yang dilakukan menyebabkan ibu-ibu PKK desa Iker Iker memiliki keterampilan pengolahan Cabe dan timbul jiwa wira usaha baru untuk menambah penghasilan bagi keluarga dimasa Pandemi Covid-19.

Pandemi COVID-19 telah menurunkan penghasilan, menghilangkan pekerjaan, mengganggu kesehatan masyarakat. Tanpa kecuali masyarakat desa Iker Iker Cerme Gresik harus bisa mengatasi dan bangkit melalui hasil panen Cabe mereka. Pandemi mempengaruhi penjualan cabe beserta olahannya dan bidang kuliner yang memanfaatkannya. Cabe merupakan bahan pokok yang tidak stabil harga dan pasokannya, cuaca dan kondisi alam sangat mempengaruhi produktivitasnya. Kekeringan yang panjang dan hujan yang berlebihan  menjadi kendala bagi petani Cabe. Harga cabe yang terus melambung, membuat tengkulak menangguk untung sesaat tetapi masyarakat umum yang resah. Harga Cabe mahal saat stok di petani habis atau menipis. Kisaran harga yang terlalu fluktuatif tersebut mengganggu bagi petani dan masyarakat serta bidang wirausaha kuliner yang berbahan dasar Cabe. Solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut tim PkM Unesa berkolaborasi, bersinergi mengedukasi ibu-ibu PKK menangani hasil cabe dengan diversifikasi olahan berbahan dasar cabe. Dilakukan pelatihan dengan metode tanya jawab, demonstrasi dan praktek untuk menghasilkan olahan yang variatif menjadi abon cabe, saus cabe, stik cabe, aneka sambal cabe, bubuk cabe, berkedel cabe, yang higienis dengan pengemasannya.  Kegiatan PkM yang dilakukan menyebabkan ibu-ibu PKK desa Iker Iker memiliki keterampilan pengolahan Cabe dan timbul jiwa wira usaha baru untuk menambah penghasilan bagi keluarga dimasa Pandemi Covid-19.

The purpose of the research is to develop a STEM-based PjBL model of learning tools to train students' creativity through the Flood Detection Alarm project task. The research development design is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). Methods of collecting research data using validation, questionnaires, observation, assessment, and documentation.The validity of the learning device has an average score above the value of 3 (valid). The practicality of learning devices is in the very good category, obstacles that occur during learning can be resolved with several solutions so that learning can run smoothly as expected. The effectiveness of the learning tools is effective in terms of the creativity of the students, the average score is 87.6% (very creative) and the students' responses are the average score is 94% (positive). The conclusion that can be underlined from the results of this study is the development of science learning tools with the PjBL model with a STEM approach that is suitable for training students' creativity in making Flood Detection Alarm products on Dynamic Electricity material.

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of 3D models online modules to practice mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. The effectiveness of the 3D models online modules was measured using a conceptual knowledge mastery test instrument which was tested on 15 7th grade junior high school students in Jombang district, East Jawa, Indonesia. The test instrument consisted of 30 questions with the addition of the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) which was divided into 3 meetings and each meeting tested 10 questions. The results showed that 48.67% of students had been able to master conceptual knowledge when given the 3D models online modules. However, 31.11% of students experienced misconceptions, 8.44% answered correctly because of luck and 11.78% had not been able to master conceptual knowledge. Because the resulting misconceptions fall into the moderate criteria, it can be concluded that the 3D models online modules in general has not been effective in practicing mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. When examined further, this ineffectiveness is found in the cognitive dimensions of C4, learning indicators (LI) 1, 3 and 4, as well as conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 1 and 3. While the effective 3D models online modules in cognitive dimensions C2 and C5, learning indicators (LI) 2 and 5, and conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 2

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of 3D models online modules to practice mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. The effectiveness of the 3D models online modules was measured using a conceptual knowledge mastery test instrument which was tested on 15 7th grade junior high school students in Jombang district, East Jawa, Indonesia. The test instrument consisted of 30 questions with the addition of the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) which was divided into 3 meetings and each meeting tested 10 questions. The results showed that 48.67% of students had been able to master conceptual knowledge when given the 3D models online modules. However, 31.11% of students experienced misconceptions, 8.44% answered correctly because of luck and 11.78% had not been able to master conceptual knowledge. Because the resulting misconceptions fall into the moderate criteria, it can be concluded that the 3D models online modules in general has not been effective in practicing mastery of solar system conceptual knowledge. When examined further, this ineffectiveness is found in the cognitive dimensions of C4, learning indicators (LI) 1, 3 and 4, as well as conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 1 and 3. While the effective 3D models online modules in cognitive dimensions C2 and C5, learning indicators (LI) 2 and 5, and conceptual knowledge sub-types (CKST) 2

The purpose of the research is to develop a STEM-based PjBL model of learning tools to train students' creativity through the Flood Detection Alarm project task. The research development design is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). Methods of collecting research data using validation, questionnaires, observation, assessment, and documentation.The validity of the learning device has an average score above the value of 3 (valid). The practicality of learning devices is in the very good category, obstacles that occur during learning can be resolved with several solutions so that learning can run smoothly as expected. The effectiveness of the learning tools is effective in terms of the creativity of the students, the average score is 87.6% (very creative) and the students' responses are the average score is 94% (positive). The conclusion that can be underlined from the results of this study is the development of science learning tools with the PjBL model with a STEM approach that is suitable for training students' creativity in making Flood Detection Alarm products on Dynamic Electricity material.

Penelitian ini untuk menguji dan menganalisis hubungan antara kepemimpinan dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan model expost facto. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa: terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru dengan nilai t-hitung (3,745) > t-tabel (2,00958) pada sig. (0,000) <α = 0,05, tingkat hubungan yang sedang, dan besar pengaruh sebesar 22,6%. Jika semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru maka Semakin tinggi nilai kepemimpinan kepala madrasah; terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru dengan nilai t-hitung (3,803) > t-tabel (2,00958) pada sig. (0,000) < α = 0,05, tingkat hubungan yang sedang, dan besar pengaruh sebesar 23,2%. Semakin tinggi nilai kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah maka semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru; terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru secara simultan, dengan nilai F-hitung (13,574) > F-tabel (3,195) pada sig. (0,000) < α = 0,05. Persamaan regresi linear berganda diperoleh Y = 13,447 + 0,379 X1 + 0387 X2 yang mempunyai tingkat hubungan yang kuat dan tinggi hubungan kedua variabel bebas sebesar 36,6%. Semakin tinggi nilai kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah maka semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru.

Penelitian ini untuk menguji dan menganalisis hubungan antara kepemimpinan dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan model expost facto. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa: terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru dengan nilai t-hitung (3,745) > t-tabel (2,00958) pada sig. (0,000) <α = 0,05, tingkat hubungan yang sedang, dan besar pengaruh sebesar 22,6%. Jika semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru maka Semakin tinggi nilai kepemimpinan kepala madrasah; terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru dengan nilai t-hitung (3,803) > t-tabel (2,00958) pada sig. (0,000) < α = 0,05, tingkat hubungan yang sedang, dan besar pengaruh sebesar 23,2%. Semakin tinggi nilai kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah maka semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru; terdapat hubungan yang signifikan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dengan peningkatan kinerja guru secara simultan, dengan nilai F-hitung (13,574) > F-tabel (3,195) pada sig. (0,000) < α = 0,05. Persamaan regresi linear berganda diperoleh Y = 13,447 + 0,379 X1 + 0387 X2 yang mempunyai tingkat hubungan yang kuat dan tinggi hubungan kedua variabel bebas sebesar 36,6%. Semakin tinggi nilai kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah maka semakin tinggi nilai kinerja guru.

Marriage is a physically and mentally bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the intention of forming a family or household happy and everlasting based on God. The dualism of the legal status of Islam in Indonesian society marriage is a problem that must be solved with emphasis on the value of the benefit. Methods used normative juridical method, this study sought to find out whether the law to be applied in order to solve a particular problem, in other words, normative juridical approach is the approach that examines the law asthe norm. The results obtained are 1. that the marriage Construction under the hand according to Islamic jurisprudence Islamic marriage between husband and wife with Moslem or nonMoslem with a harmonious marriage include the willingness and consent qobul. Marriage is said to be valid if carried out in accordance with Islamic fiqh with the five pillars of marriage,namely a) Approval of the bride and groom, b) Mayor of marriage, c) Two witnesses, d) Ijab qobul and d) Mahar. And reconstruction of marital law under the hand in the perspective ofIslamic jurisprudence by requiring that the benefit of legal marriage should Replaces, ie the agreement of both bride and groom, guardian of marriage, two witnesses, the dowry, consentqobul and please register at KUA / civil records.

Marriage is a physically and mentally bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the intention of forming a family or household happy and everlasting based on God. The dualism of the legal status of Islam in Indonesian society marriage is a problem that must be solved with emphasis on the value of the benefit. Methods used normative juridical method, this study sought to find out whether the law to be applied in order to solve a particular problem, in other words, normative juridical approach is the approach that examines the law asthe norm. The results obtained are 1. that the marriage Construction under the hand according to Islamic jurisprudence Islamic marriage between husband and wife with Moslem or nonMoslem with a harmonious marriage include the willingness and consent qobul. Marriage is said to be valid if carried out in accordance with Islamic fiqh with the five pillars of marriage,namely a) Approval of the bride and groom, b) Mayor of marriage, c) Two witnesses, d) Ijab qobul and d) Mahar. And reconstruction of marital law under the hand in the perspective ofIslamic jurisprudence by requiring that the benefit of legal marriage should Replaces, ie the agreement of both bride and groom, guardian of marriage, two witnesses, the dowry, consentqobul and please register at KUA / civil records.