Search

AIM: To develop and test the psychometric properties of an expanded catheter self-management scale for patients with in-dwelling urinary catheters. DESIGN: A cross-sectional validation study. Despite the utility of the original 13-item catheter self-management scale, this instrument did not include bowel management, general hygiene and drainage bag care, which are fundamental skills in urinary catheter self-management to prevent common problems resulting in unnecessary hospital presentations. The expanded catheter self-management scale was developed with 10 additional items to comprehensively assess all five essential aspects of urinary catheter self-management. METHODS: A total of 101 adult community-dwelling patients living with indwelling urinary catheters were recruited from Western Sydney, Australia. Using exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation, the number of factors to be extracted from the expanded 23-item expanded catheter self-management scale was determined using a scree plot. The reliability of the overall scale and subscales was measured using Cronbach's alpha. Convergent validity was assessed using Spearman's correlations between clinical characteristics, overall scale and subscales. RESULTS: The 23-item expanded catheter self-management scale yielded a 5-factor solution, labelled as: (i) self-monitoring of catheter function, (ii) proactive, help-seeking behaviour function, (iii) bowel self-care function, (iv) hygiene-related catheter site function and (v) drainage bag care function. Cronbach's alpha of the expanded catheter self-management scale indicating all 23 items contributed to the overall alpha value. Convergent validity results showed a negative correlation between the overall expanded catheter self-management scale and catheter-related problems. CONCLUSION: The 5-factor structure provided a comprehensive assessment of key aspects of urinary catheter self-management essential to reduce the likelihood of catheter-related hospital pres more...

Background: The Chinese government has adopted the WHO healthy ageing framework to guide the development of services and initiatives to promote older people's health. Aim: To examine the rural-urban disparities within the WHO healthy ageing domains of functional ability. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using a nationally representative survey from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Results: A total number of 10,746 older people were included, with the mean age of 69.10 years (SD = 7.15). More than 70% of older people lived in rural areas. Significant differences existed in all five domains of functional ability between rural and urban-dwelling older people, particularly in their ability to meet basic needs and in achieving psychosocial wellbeing. Urban respondents reported better self-perceived health status (2.95 ± 0.97) and had less functional difficulties. Rural respondents were more likely to have difficulties in making decisions for grocery shopping, taking medications and in managing finances (p < 0.001). Older people in urban areas were more supported with health insurance (97.4%) and retirement pension (57.3%) than rural residents, where only 554 (7.1%) received retirement pension (p < 0.001). In terms of contributing to society, urban respondents were more likely to participate in voluntary work, providing assistance to others, and were caregivers of individuals with disabilities than rural respondents (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: The rural-urban disparities in healthy ageing were prevalent in China. Further research and consideration toward health resource reallocation are needed to improve functional abilities of older people in rural areas. more...

Background Misconceptions about men in nursing may influence recruitment and retention, further perpetuating the gender diversity imbalance in the nursing workforce. Identifying misconceptions and implementing early intervention strategies to address these deep-rooted stereotypes remain challenging but is considered critical to support students who are commencing a nursing career. Objective To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the ‘Gender Misconceptions of meN in nursIng (GEMINI) Scale. Design Cross-sectional survey. Methods Pre-registration nursing students enrolled in undergraduate nursing programmes across 16 nursing institutions in Australia were surveyed from July to September 2021. The 17-item self-report GEMINI Scale measured the gender misconceptions of men in nursing. Results Of the 1410 completed surveys, data from 683 (45%) women were used for exploratory factor analysis showing a one factor structure, while data from 727 men (47%) were used for confirmatory factor analysis of the 17-item GEMINI Scale, which showed a good model fit. The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.892). Men were found to have higher gender misconceptions (p < 0.001) while respondents who: (a) identified nursing as their first career choice (p = 0.002); (b) were in their final year of programme enrolment (p = 0.016); and (c) engaged in health-related paid work (p = 0.002) had lower gender misconceptions. Conclusion The GEMINI Scale is a robust, valid, reliable, and easy to administer tool to assess misconceptions about men in nursing, which may potentially influence academic performance and retention. Identifying and addressing specific elements of misconceptions could inform targeted strategies to support retention and decrease attrition among these students. more...

Background: The Chinese government has adopted the WHO healthy ageing framework to guide the development of services and initiatives to promote older people's health. Aim: To examine the rural-urban disparities within the WHO healthy ageing domains of functional ability. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using a nationally representative survey from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Results: A total number of 10,746 older people were included, with the mean age of 69.10 years (SD = 7.15). More than 70% of older people lived in rural areas. Significant differences existed in all five domains of functional ability between rural and urban-dwelling older people, particularly in their ability to meet basic needs and in achieving psychosocial wellbeing. Urban respondents reported better self-perceived health status (2.95 ± 0.97) and had less functional difficulties. Rural respondents were more likely to have difficulties in making decisions for grocery shopping, taking medications and in managing finances (p < 0.001). Older people in urban areas were more supported with health insurance (97.4%) and retirement pension (57.3%) than rural residents, where only 554 (7.1%) received retirement pension (p < 0.001). In terms of contributing to society, urban respondents were more likely to participate in voluntary work, providing assistance to others, and were caregivers of individuals with disabilities than rural respondents (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: The rural-urban disparities in healthy ageing were prevalent in China. Further research and consideration toward health resource reallocation are needed to improve functional abilities of older people in rural areas. more...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to explore the perspectives of adult children about late-life living and care arrangements for their ageing immigrant parents living in New Zealand. BACKGROUND: Older immigrants' well-being is closely associated with filial relations and is often reliant on families as a main source of social, financial and emotional support. Research among migrant Asian adults has reported mixed findings regarding intergenerational perspectives of filial practices. DESIGN: Qualitative design using focused ethnographic lens. METHODS: Semi-structured individual interviews were undertaken with 45 adult children of older immigrants living in New Zealand to explore their views about filial piety. The CoREQ checklist was used in reporting methods and findings. RESULTS: Two major themes were identified in this study of adult children's view of filial piety and late-life care for their ageing parents. The first theme, 'holding on-reconfiguring values', referred to a process described by the participants as upholding the core values and cultural familial expectations, looking after their ageing parents, yet modifying the ways in which they provide care. The second major theme 'letting go-reconfigured expectations', described participants' views of aged care for themselves, which meant they no longer held traditional values that needed to be enacted by their children. CONCLUSIONS: Adult children from immigrant families were positioned as intermediaries of these shifting values of their own and within younger generations. The adult children's shift of thinking and acceptance of reconfigured expression of filial duties impact care and living arrangements of older people from immigrant and culturally diverse backgrounds, which also influences health and well-being in later life. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Healthcare professionals including nurses working in the ageing and aged care sector need to accommodate the changing generational perspectives about more...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to explore the perspectives of adult children about late-life living and care arrangements for their ageing immigrant parents living in New Zealand. BACKGROUND: Older immigrants' well-being is closely associated with filial relations and is often reliant on families as a main source of social, financial and emotional support. Research among migrant Asian adults has reported mixed findings regarding intergenerational perspectives of filial practices. DESIGN: Qualitative design using focused ethnographic lens. METHODS: Semi-structured individual interviews were undertaken with 45 adult children of older immigrants living in New Zealand to explore their views about filial piety. The CoREQ checklist was used in reporting methods and findings. RESULTS: Two major themes were identified in this study of adult children's view of filial piety and late-life care for their ageing parents. The first theme, 'holding on-reconfiguring values', referred to a process described by the participants as upholding the core values and cultural familial expectations, looking after their ageing parents, yet modifying the ways in which they provide care. The second major theme 'letting go-reconfigured expectations', described participants' views of aged care for themselves, which meant they no longer held traditional values that needed to be enacted by their children. CONCLUSIONS: Adult children from immigrant families were positioned as intermediaries of these shifting values of their own and within younger generations. The adult children's shift of thinking and acceptance of reconfigured expression of filial duties impact care and living arrangements of older people from immigrant and culturally diverse backgrounds, which also influences health and well-being in later life. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Healthcare professionals including nurses working in the ageing and aged care sector need to accommodate the changing generational perspectives about more...

OBJECTIVES: To identify subject matter, pedagogical approaches and assess outcomes of interventions implemented to educate nurses in urinary catheterisation care and management. DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. DATA SOURCES: Databases (CINAHL; MEDLINE; ProQuest; ERIC; Scopus; Cochrane; and APA PsycINFO) were searched using key concepts: education interventions, indwelling urinary catheter and nurses, from inception to July 2021. REVIEW METHODS: Two researchers searched the databases, whereupon data were extracted using a standardised proforma and were analysed applying an abductive approach. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Findings were analysed and reported using narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Out of 1159 studies screened, nine educational intervention studies related to upskilling nurses in catheter management were identified. Subject matter addressed included pathophysiology of the urinary system, clinical indications and management of indwelling catheter and associated complications. Although the subject matter and pedagogical approaches varied, all identified studies reported positive effects in improving participants' knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Upskilling nurses and increasing their confidence to deliver patient-centred catheter care practices is an important intervention to improve outcomes for patients with long-term indwelling urinary catheters. However, actively engaging nurses who provide direct patient care is essential, in planning and implementing targeted educational interventions specific to learning needs. This review has identified a gap in the educational interventions for nurses, in better supporting the psychosocial needs of patients living with indwelling catheter. Codesigning educational interventions with nurses that are tailored to their contextual learning ne more...

The objective of this research was to explore social connectedness and associations with self-perceived health amongst older adults in New Zealand at a population level. The data for this analysis were derived from the 2016 Health and Lifestyle Survey, a nationally representative survey administered via face-to-face interviews. The findings from this analysis of 1,374 respondents, all of whom were over the age of 55 years, highlight that being female, belonging to older age groups (above 70 years), being employed full-time or part-time, connecting online with known people, considering cultural connections to be important and not feeling isolated from others are significantly and positively associated with positive self-perceived health. The findings underscore the resilience potential of older adults and importance of social connectedness for positive health and well-being. In addition, the findings reveal target areas that would benefit by intervention and support by health professionals and policy makers. more...

Background: Community-based urinary catheter-associated complications contribute to avoidable, costly hospital presentations. To minimise catheter-associated complications and improve the quality of life of patients living in the community, it is essential to improve catheter self-management through increasing patients’ and caregivers’ knowledge and self-efficacy. Aim: To co-design, develop and evaluate a bundle-of-care intervention to improve catheter self-management, reduce catheter-associated complications, and improved quality of life. Design: Mixed methods design underpinned by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, micro- and spaced-learning pedagogies. Methods: A co-designed care bundle will be developed, to support both patients and nurses in improving catheter care in both acute and community settings. Intervention bundles for patients will be delivered using “GoShare Healthcare” and for nurses, using QStream. The underpinning pedagogical approaches of these two digital platforms focus on increasing knowledge retention and improving patient health outcomes. A process evaluation of the intervention will be undertaken using data collected from surveys, electronic medical record audits, and participant interviews. The primary outcome is improved catheter self-management, and secondary outcomes are increased self-efficacy and patients’ knowledge of catheter self-management. Discussion: The IQ-IDC study applies a two-pronged approach to co-design a bundle-of-care intervention that addresses important gaps in current catheter management. This study will contribute to new knowledge on effective implementation strategies to optimise self-management in urinary catheter care. more...

OBJECTIVES: To identify subject matter, pedagogical approaches and assess outcomes of interventions implemented to educate nurses in urinary catheterisation care and management. DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. DATA SOURCES: Databases (CINAHL; MEDLINE; ProQuest; ERIC; Scopus; Cochrane; and APA PsycINFO) were searched using key concepts: education interventions, indwelling urinary catheter and nurses, from inception to July 2021. REVIEW METHODS: Two researchers searched the databases, whereupon data were extracted using a standardised proforma and were analysed applying an abductive approach. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Findings were analysed and reported using narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Out of 1159 studies screened, nine educational intervention studies related to upskilling nurses in catheter management were identified. Subject matter addressed included pathophysiology of the urinary system, clinical indications and management of indwelling catheter and associated complications. Although the subject matter and pedagogical approaches varied, all identified studies reported positive effects in improving participants' knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Upskilling nurses and increasing their confidence to deliver patient-centred catheter care practices is an important intervention to improve outcomes for patients with long-term indwelling urinary catheters. However, actively engaging nurses who provide direct patient care is essential, in planning and implementing targeted educational interventions specific to learning needs. This review has identified a gap in the educational interventions for nurses, in better supporting the psychosocial needs of patients living with indwelling catheter. Codesigning educational interventions with nurses that are tailored to their contextual learning ne more...

Background: Community-based urinary catheter-associated complications contribute to avoidable, costly hospital presentations. To minimise catheter-associated complications and improve the quality of life of patients living in the community, it is essential to improve catheter self-management through increasing patients’ and caregivers’ knowledge and self-efficacy. Aim: To co-design, develop and evaluate a bundle-of-care intervention to improve catheter self-management, reduce catheter-associated complications, and improved quality of life. Design: Mixed methods design underpinned by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, micro- and spaced-learning pedagogies. Methods: A co-designed care bundle will be developed, to support both patients and nurses in improving catheter care in both acute and community settings. Intervention bundles for patients will be delivered using “GoShare Healthcare” and for nurses, using QStream. The underpinning pedagogical approaches of these two digital platforms focus on increasing knowledge retention and improving patient health outcomes. A process evaluation of the intervention will be undertaken using data collected from surveys, electronic medical record audits, and participant interviews. The primary outcome is improved catheter self-management, and secondary outcomes are increased self-efficacy and patients’ knowledge of catheter self-management. Discussion: The IQ-IDC study applies a two-pronged approach to co-design a bundle-of-care intervention that addresses important gaps in current catheter management. This study will contribute to new knowledge on effective implementation strategies to optimise self-management in urinary catheter care. more...

Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

Nurses and midwives of Australia now is the time for change! As powerfully placed, Indigenous and non-Indigenous nursing and midwifery professionals, together we can ensure an effective and robust Indigenous curriculum in our nursing and midwifery schools of education. Today, Australia finds itself in a shifting tide of social change, where the voices for better and safer health care ring out loud. Voices for justice, equity and equality reverberate across our cities, our streets, homes, and institutions of learning. It is a call for new songlines of reform. The need to embed meaningful Indigenous health curricula is stronger now than it ever was for Australian nursing and midwifery. It is essential that nursing and midwifery leadership continue to build an authentic collaborative environment for Indigenous curriculum development. Bipartisan alliance is imperative for all academic staff to be confident in their teaching and learning experiences with Indigenous health syllabus. This paper is a call out. Now is the time for Indigenous and non-Indigenous nurses and midwives to make a stand together, for justice and equity in our teaching, learning, and practice. Together we will dismantle systems, policy, and practices in health that oppress. The Black Lives Matter movement provides us with a ‘now window’ of accepted dialogue to build a better, culturally safe Australian nursing and midwifery workforce, ensuring that Black Lives Matter in all aspects of health care. more...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the living and care arrangement plans of older Filipino immigrants in New Zealand. BACKGROUND: New Zealand is rapidly becoming the host to an increasing number of ageing Filipino immigrants. Despite this sizeable population growth of ageing Filipinos in New Zealand, still very little is known about this ethnic group's care needs and living arrangement preferences in later life within the New Zealand context. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive approach. METHODS: Data were collected from 15 older Filipinos who participated in face-to-face interviews. Data were analysed using a thematic analytical framework. RESULTS: Two major themes were identified from the data analysis. The first theme "preferred living and care arrangements" is about older Filipinos' preferred plans for future residence and in receiving care when no longer able to function independently in their own homes. The second theme "negotiating readiness and acceptance" is about hypothetical situations that older Filipinos described and anticipated that will greatly facilitate their readiness and acceptance to living in aged care facilities. CONCLUSION: The study results have implications for service delivery within the New Zealand residential aged care sector. Due to an increasing number of older Filipino immigrants requiring care, residential aged care facilities must ensure their care models meet the needs of this growing group of older people. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing staff skill sets in the aged care sector require sensitivity to older immigrants' health needs without compromising cultural beliefs and practices while living in residential aged care facilities. more...

AIM: To understand the work-related experiences of Philippine-trained nurses working globally. BACKGROUND: The Philippines is a major source country of foreign-trained nurses located globally. However, there is paucity of research on professional factors and career related issues affecting foreign-trained nurses' work experiences. METHODS: An integrative review through a comprehensive search of literature was undertaken from November 2015 and was repeated in August 2016. Seven articles satisfied the selection criteria. RESULTS: Filipino nurses experienced differences in the practice of nursing in terms of work process, roles and autonomy. Moreover, they encountered challenges such as work-related discrimination and technical difficulties within the organisation. CONCLUSION: A clear understanding of Filipino nurses' work experiences and the challenges they have encountered suggests identification of important constructs influencing effective translation of nursing practice across cultures and health systems, which then form the basis for support strategies. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: It is critical to recognize foreign-trained nurses' experience of work-related differences and challenges as these foster favorable conditions for the management team to plan and continually evaluate policies around recruitment, retention and support offered to these nurses. Furthermore, findings suggest internationalization of nursing framework and standards integrating a transcultural paradigm among staff members within a work organisation. more...

PURPOSE: To explore the experiences of older Filipino migrants adjusting to living permanently in New Zealand. METHOD: The qualitative descriptive approach taken in this study involved 17 individual face-to-face interviews of older Filipino migrants in New Zealand. RESULTS: Three main themes emerged from the data. The first theme was "moving backwards and moving forward", which described how these older Filipino migrants adjusted to challenges they experienced with migration. The second theme was "engaging with health services" and presented challenges relating to the New Zealand healthcare system, including a lack of knowledge of the nature of health services, language barriers, and differences in cultural views. The third theme, "new-found home", highlighted establishing a Filipino identity in New Zealand and adjusting to the challenges of relocation. CONCLUSION: Adjustment to life in New Zealand for these older Filipino migrants meant starting over again by building new values through learning the basics and then moving forward from there. more...

Geia, L., Baird, K., Bail, K., Barclay, L., Bennett, J., Best, O., ... Wynne, R. (2020). A unified call to action from Australian nursing and midwifery leaders: Ensuring that Black lives matter. Contemporary Nurse, 56(4), 297-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2020.1809107 more...