Search

In conclusion, the data presented herein show that no single clinical or paraclinical parameter is reliable in arriving at a correct clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever and that bacteriologic confirmation is necessary for the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Patients ’ age and sex influence the clinical expressions of typhoid fever. We have also shown that the development of clinical jaundice is a serious development in typhoid fever as it precipitates the development of clinically significant glomerulonephritis and that there is a temporal relation between the deterioration in hepatic and renal functions. In adult patients with typhoid fever, the risk of complications can be predicted accurately using simple clinical and paraclinical parameters obtainable on admission. Although awaiting further confirmation, our data show that the hepatic and renal dysfunction occur more frequently in typhoid fever patients with concomitant asymptomatic HIV infection as compared to typhoid fever patients who are HIV sero-negative.

In conclusion, the data presented herein show that no single clinical or paraclinical parameter is reliable in arriving at a correct clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever and that bacteriologic confirmation is necessary for the diagnosis of typhoid fever. Patients ’ age and sex influence the clinical expressions of typhoid fever. We have also shown that the development of clinical jaundice is a serious development in typhoid fever as it precipitates the development of clinically significant glomerulonephritis and that there is a temporal relation between the deterioration in hepatic and renal functions. In adult patients with typhoid fever, the risk of complications can be predicted accurately using simple clinical and paraclinical parameters obtainable on admission. Although awaiting further confirmation, our data show that the hepatic and renal dysfunction occur more frequently in typhoid fever patients with concomitant asymptomatic HIV infection as compared to typhoid fever patients who are HIV sero-negative.