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Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a multifaceted monogenic disorder with a broad disease spectrum and variable disease severity and a variety of treatment options including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT). No reliable biomarker exists to predict disease course and outcome for individual patients. A total of 577 patients with a WAS variant from 26 countries and a median follow-up of 8.9 years (range, 0.3-71.1), totaling 6118 patient-years, were included in this international retrospective study. Overall survival (OS) of the cohort (censored at HSCT or GT) was 82% (95% confidence interval, 78-87) at age 15 years and 70% (61-80) at 30 years. The type of variant was predictive of outcome: patients with a missense variant in exons 1 or 2 or with the intronic hot spot variant c.559+5G>A (class I variants) had a 15-year OS of 93% (89-98) and a 30-year OS of 91% (86-97), compared with 71% (62-81) and 48% (34-68) in patients with any other variant (class II; P < .0001). The cumulative incidence rates of disease-related complications such as severe bleeding (P = .007), life-threatening infection (P < .0001), and autoimmunity (P = .004) occurred significantly later in patients with a class I variant. The cumulative incidence of malignancy (P = .6) was not different between classes I and II. It confirms the spectrum of disease severity and quantifies the risk for specific disease-related complications. The class of the variant is a biomarker to predict the outcome for patients with WAS.

This study investigates the experiences of women in leadership roles within higher education institutions in Pakistan and the United States. The main aim is to understand how women describe their experiences in attaining, advancing, and maintaining leadership positions in higher education. It contributes to theoretical understandings of women's leadership and highlighting unique challenges and opportunities in different cultural contexts. This study employs Mezirow's (2003) Critical Reflection Theory as a theoretical framework to guide participants' retrospective storytelling process. Through qualitative research methods including semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis of interview transcripts, the study explores how women navigate their journeys to leadership positions and the challenges they encounter.  Despite cultural variations, female leaders in both countries face comparable obstacles such as gender bias and limited training opportunities. To empower these leaders, policies should prioritize formal leadership training, address workplace bias, and support work-life balance initiatives. Policy implications include the implementation of formal leadership training programs, addressing unconscious bias, and supporting family-friendly policies to empower female leaders. Advocacy for legislative measures promoting gender equality in leadership positions is crucial for creating supportive policy environments globally. Keywords: Cross culture, work life balance, leadership, gender gap, networking, and mentorship

The objectives of the study was to explore the levels of the civic participation, civic characteristics of the university students and efforts made by the universities to develop a good sense of civic responsibility in the students. Present study was a quantitative descriptive research based on survey questions asked from the students belonged to four out of nine large universities from Southern Punjab. A Stratified random sampling (SRS) technique was used to select a suitable size of sample. After data collection SPSS V.29.0.1 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used to analyse the descriptive statistics using percentage frequencies, mean values, multiple regression analysis and correlation coefficient. Among respondents 70% had an average level of sense of civic responsibility and 30% had low level of sense of civic responsibility in terms of civic participation (Table 1). Results of civic responsibility in terms of civic characteristics explored that 42% of the respondents have high level of civic characteristics, 30% of the respondents have average level of civic responsibility and 28% of the respondents have low level of civic characteristics (Table 2). Results of regression analysis had also predicted that civic characteristics of the students and civic participation both variables have significant impact on student’s sense of civic responsibility (Table 3) and that there is positive correlation between perceptions about civic participation and services provided by the university (Table 4).Overall conclusion of the study was that the students have an average level of civic responsibility and universities should take necessary initiatives to make students responsible citizens.

The current study aims to investigate the dynamic nexus between environmental degradation and economic growth in selected developing countries. To analyze the impact of control of corruption as a measure of governance, FDI, renewable energy and urbanization on economic growth and carbon emissions, the simultaneous equation modeling is applied. A panel of 18 selected developing countries for the time period 1995-2022 is taken for empirical verification of the relationship. This study employs descriptive analysis and for diagnostic checking the normality of residual is also tested for the possibility of any model misspecification. Correlation matrix is used to check the degree of multicollinearity among the independent variables. The nature of study indicate the use of simultaneous equation model where economic growth and carbon emission, as a measure of environmental degradation are indigenous variables. The statistical package EVIEWS is used in estimation and obtaining results. In the long run estimation model of CE, URBAN and PG are positively correlated with CE, and GDP, REEC, COC are inversely related to CE in selected developing countries. In model of GDP, CE, FDI and COC are positively correlating with GDP and REEC and PG are negatively affecting the GDP.

Parenting is an essential part in child’s rearing which directly and indirectly contributes in child’s quality of life and wellbeing. Now a days it is highly significant factor contributing in child’s health across all domains. Children's formative years experiences with regard to parenting have significant impact on their development throughout lifespan. Objective of the study is to describe the consequences of maltreatment on children in all domain of life. Especially, the main focus is psychological wellbeing of child being effected. This study is conducted by analyzing the already published research data from approximately last 3 decades. Qualitative research design is used to describe the data for in-depth analysis. After intensive and in-depth literature analysis it is indicated that parenting has a great impact on child’s life throughout their lifespan. Furthermore, study also give the overview how maltreatment of parent’s effects child throughout their life in terms of emotional, behavioral, relationships and in general psycho-social wellbeing.

Early childhood is a crucial developmental phase of a child's well-being, which lays the foundation for their future growth. Lack of good oral practices may cause dental issues during this fundamental phase of development and have a long-lasting impact on a child's overall well-being. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, to explore oral health knowledge and practices among the caregivers of young children. A sample of 94 participants, including parents, caregivers, early childhood educators, and healthcare professionals (HCPS), was included through a convenient sampling technique. An online survey questionnaire was administered, which covered various aspects of oral hygiene practices to prevent common oral diseases among children. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. Statistical significance was accepted as p ≤0.05. Results of the study revealed no significant differences in oral health knowledge and practices based on age and gender. However, comparisons based on profession and roles showed a significant difference. Most participants agreed on the importance of regular oral hygiene practices. However, their opinions differed on certain oral hygiene practices, including the frequency of brushing and the timing of the first dental visit. This study underscores the importance of targeted education and interventions to improve oral health outcomes during the critical developmental phase of childhood.

Early childhood is a crucial developmental phase of a child's well-being, which lays the foundation for their future growth. Lack of good oral practices may cause dental issues during this fundamental phase of development and have a long-lasting impact on a child's overall well-being. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, to explore oral health knowledge and practices among the caregivers of young children. A sample of 94 participants, including parents, caregivers, early childhood educators, and healthcare professionals (HCPS), was included through a convenient sampling technique. An online survey questionnaire was administered, which covered various aspects of oral hygiene practices to prevent common oral diseases among children. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. Statistical significance was accepted as p ≤0.05. Results of the study revealed no significant differences in oral health knowledge and practices based on age and gender. However, comparisons based on profession and roles showed a significant difference. Most participants agreed on the importance of regular oral hygiene practices. However, their opinions differed on certain oral hygiene practices, including the frequency of brushing and the timing of the first dental visit. This study underscores the importance of targeted education and interventions to improve oral health outcomes during the critical developmental phase of childhood.

Purpose: This research explores the emerging role of Community Learning Centers as a vehicle of change in Australia, as a best practice model. This study was a part of research thesis for the development of a model of community learning center in Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: Furthermore, this study was qualitative and based on document review. For this purpose, World Bank WBI Evaluation process was followed to conclude the findings. In this research, ten reports and official documents were retrieved from 1st October 2023 to 31st January 2024. Moreover, priori framework was used for thematic analysis. Findings: The major themes were: background, organization, program implementation, impact and challenges. The findings elaborated the legislative support, policy safeguards and quality measures of AQF and ASQA for 2500 registered training organizations of community learning in all eight states and territories. It includes public and not-for-profit facilities with aim of personal enrichment, adult basic education, accredited and non-accredited vocational education. These facilities were providing seamless transition from non-formal education to formal education as well as increasing employability and productivity of remote, rural and high equity groups. Implications/Originality/Value: This insight will provide guidelines for policy, structure and implementation in Pakistan in the long run.

Objective: The current study aims to predict the metrological factor of temperature in the region of Karachi Methodology: using the Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. Daily maximum and minimum temperature data from the region from 1st January, 2012 to 31st December, 2022 using as training data for the model. These datasets are clean and modify to obtain monthly averages of the maximum and minimum temperature data for the region. These datasets using for the model development. The two datasets pass through time series analysis separately and best fitted models are developing for both. Finding: The study shows the presence of seasonality in the temperature data alongside the presence of a growing mean in the minimum and maximum temperature dataset, signifying global warming over the past decade. Implications: These results will help in future studies regarding the variations in temperature in Karachi and in developing strategies to accommodate for such variations in the region

Purpose: This research explores the emerging role of Community Learning Centers as a vehicle of change in Australia, as a best practice model. This study was a part of research thesis for the development of a model of community learning center in Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: Furthermore, this study was qualitative and based on document review. For this purpose, World Bank WBI Evaluation process was followed to conclude the findings. In this research, ten reports and official documents were retrieved from 1st October 2023 to 31st January 2024. Moreover, priori framework was used for thematic analysis. Findings: The major themes were: background, organization, program implementation, impact and challenges. The findings elaborated the legislative support, policy safeguards and quality measures of AQF and ASQA for 2500 registered training organizations of community learning in all eight states and territories. It includes public and not-for-profit facilities with aim of personal enrichment, adult basic education, accredited and non-accredited vocational education. These facilities were providing seamless transition from non-formal education to formal education as well as increasing employability and productivity of remote, rural and high equity groups. Implications/Originality/Value: This insight will provide guidelines for policy, structure and implementation in Pakistan in the long run.

Digital transformation holds public health significance by enabling health insurance companies to utilize data-informed decisions to enhance their member services and monitor health disparities for optimized well-being interventions. UPMC Insurances Division as the largest health insurer in western Pennsylvania constantly innovates to provide quality care, lower costs, and smooth experiences with better outcomes for its members. HealthPlaNET and Consumer Innovation, the clinical population health/care management software and digital strategy teams respectively of UPMC Health Plan, represent the “center-edge” of digital transformation in improving and addressing user needs outside of core reimbursement experiences. My role as an Extended Administrative Resident in these teams contributed to this transformation through three projects that developed proprietary strategic improvements across pharmacy; aging in place; and virtual assistant features, as well as data analysis to curate key visualizations for future iterative innovations.

The current article analyzes human capital analytics and develops a model for the drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. A total of 81 articles have been analyzed using content analysis and a model has been developed using systematic literature review. The model identifies four drivers and seven outcomes of human capital analytics. The drivers include organizational culture, employee hard & soft skills, employee competencies and skilled workforce. The outcomes include stronger inter-departmental relationships, improved employee experience and behaviour, knowledge-based decisions, improved company performance, provision of competitive edge, risk reduction and enhancement of strategic organizational capability. We see that human capital analytics is an emerging phenomenon and yet much literature does not exist on the phenomenon. Considering minimal exploration of HR data analytics and its hidden role in the company's performance, the area has been less approached. Our review addresses the mentioned shortcoming and provides a roadmap for the future research.

The current article analyzes human capital analytics and develops a model for the drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. A total of 81 articles have been analyzed using content analysis and a model has been developed for drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. The model identifies four drivers and seven outcomes of human capital analytics. The drivers include organizational culture, employee hard & soft skills, employee competencies and skilled workforce. The outcomes include stronger inter-departmental relationships, improved employee experience and behavior, knowledge-based decisions, improved company performance, provision of competitive edge, risk reduction and enhancement of strategic organizational capability. We see that human capital analytics is an emerging phenomenon and yet much literature does not exist on the phenomenon. Considering minimal exploration of HR data analytics and its hidden role in the company's performance, the area has been less approached. Our review addresses the mentioned shortcomings and provides a roadmap for future research.

The current article analyzes human capital analytics and develops a model for the drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. A total of 81 articles have been analyzed using content analysis and a model has been developed for drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. The model identifies four drivers and seven outcomes of human capital analytics. The drivers include organizational culture, employee hard & soft skills, employee competencies and skilled workforce. The outcomes include stronger inter-departmental relationships, improved employee experience and behavior, knowledge-based decisions, improved company performance, provision of competitive edge, risk reduction and enhancement of strategic organizational capability. We see that human capital analytics is an emerging phenomenon and yet much literature does not exist on the phenomenon. Considering minimal exploration of HR data analytics and its hidden role in the company's performance, the area has been less approached. Our review addresses the mentioned shortcomings and provides a roadmap for future research.

The current article analyzes human capital analytics and develops a model for the drivers and outcomes of human capital analytics. A total of 81 articles have been analyzed using content analysis and a model has been developed using systematic literature review. The model identifies four drivers and seven outcomes of human capital analytics. The drivers include organizational culture, employee hard & soft skills, employee competencies and skilled workforce. The outcomes include stronger inter-departmental relationships, improved employee experience and behaviour, knowledge-based decisions, improved company performance, provision of competitive edge, risk reduction and enhancement of strategic organizational capability. We see that human capital analytics is an emerging phenomenon and yet much literature does not exist on the phenomenon. Considering minimal exploration of HR data analytics and its hidden role in the company's performance, the area has been less approached. Our review addresses the mentioned shortcoming and provides a roadmap for the future research.

The research that has been carried out aims to determine the influence of parents' work on students' mastery of concepts after being given the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model. The research method used was quantitative descriptive with the research population being all students of class XII MIPA at SMA 13 Bungo with a sample of 33 people selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out using an essay test, where the average student test score was 72.61 with the lowest score being 44 and the highest being 92 indicating a normal distribution. The t test was carried out on students' daily test scores, with tcount of -1.357 and ttable of 1.693 at a significance level of 0.05. tcount < ttable (-1.357 < 1.693), so the test hypothesis Ho is accepted, and Ha is rejected. The research results show that there is no significant influence of the PjBL model on student learning outcomes in parental work, especially in Dynamic Electricity material.

This study investigates the experiences of women in leadership roles within higher education institutions in Pakistan and the United States. The main aim is to understand how women describe their experiences in attaining, advancing, and maintaining leadership positions in higher education. It contributes to theoretical understandings of women's leadership and highlighting unique challenges and opportunities in different cultural contexts. This study employs Mezirow's (2003) Critical Reflection Theory as a theoretical framework to guide participants' retrospective storytelling process. Through qualitative research methods including semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis of interview transcripts, the study explores how women navigate their journeys to leadership positions and the challenges they encounter.  Despite cultural variations, female leaders in both countries face comparable obstacles such as gender bias and limited training opportunities. To empower these leaders, policies should prioritize formal leadership training, address workplace bias, and support work-life balance initiatives. Policy implications include the implementation of formal leadership training programs, addressing unconscious bias, and supporting family-friendly policies to empower female leaders. Advocacy for legislative measures promoting gender equality in leadership positions is crucial for creating supportive policy environments globally. Keywords: Cross culture, work life balance, leadership, gender gap, networking, and mentorship

Objective: The current study aims to predict the metrological factor of temperature in the region of Karachi Methodology: using the Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. Daily maximum and minimum temperature data from the region from 1st January, 2012 to 31st December, 2022 using as training data for the model. These datasets are clean and modify to obtain monthly averages of the maximum and minimum temperature data for the region. These datasets using for the model development. The two datasets pass through time series analysis separately and best fitted models are developing for both. Finding: The study shows the presence of seasonality in the temperature data alongside the presence of a growing mean in the minimum and maximum temperature dataset, signifying global warming over the past decade. Implications: These results will help in future studies regarding the variations in temperature in Karachi and in developing strategies to accommodate for such variations in the region

Feminism is named as the demand for equality between men and women; however, it is not easily acceptable for the so-called super-gender called men, in any patriarchal society. It is not only a phenomenon but also a chapter of life that varies day by day, though is accepted by many communities, but difficult to adopt or accept in a patriarchal society as in Pakistan. There are many factors behind acceptance or rejection, which is debatable. Either the economy, politics, society, religion, or education is the aspect to enroll it in life. This article is the demonstration of factors, which is responsible for bridging the gap between academic feminism: which is being read to the generation, excluding the reality of the physique of gender, and the activism in feminism, which is being practiced with social norms. This debate would be qualitative in nature. Though it concluded that Feminism in the society of Pakistan is not digestible for men members, however, the accelerator for equality or, even equity is slow but consistent and some of the changes are happening gradually

This scholarly research offers a comprehensive analysis of Rabbani's seminal work, 'Invisible People,' through the theoretical lens of Gayatri Chakraborty Spivak's postcolonial feminist perspective. The study investigates the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized populations in contemporary society, aiming to elucidate effective strategies for resistance against marginalization. Key focal points include Spivak's subaltern concept and the imperative of amplifying marginalized voices. The analysis critically examines Rabbani's portrayal of 'invisible people' (2017) as individuals bereft of agency and influence due to their marginalized status, exploring multiple forms of exclusion encompassing economic, social, and political dimensions. Moreover, the research delves into Rabbani's nuanced treatment of identity construction and the intricate intersections of marginalization. Applying Spivak's theory of strategic essentialism, the study scrutinizes how these individuals navigate their identities and mobilize collective resistance. Additionally, the research evaluates notions of agency and empowerment within Rabbani's narrative, investigating methodologies employed by marginalized groups to challenge entrenched power dynamics. Through Spivak's concept of "subaltern counter publics," the study examines the significance of grassroots movements, community organizing, and the establishment of alternative platforms for collective action. Ethical considerations within Spivak and Rabbani's frameworks are also addressed, highlighting the complexities and ethical responsibilities associated with representing marginalized populations. This research underscores the importance of reflexive researcher positionality when engaging with these narratives. Overall, this study provides a nuanced and insightful analysis of Rabbani's 'Invisible People' from a Spivakian perspective, contributing to the ongoing discourse on resistance, marginality, and social justice within this the

This scholarly research offers a comprehensive analysis of Rabbani's seminal work, 'Invisible People,' through the theoretical lens of Gayatri Chakraborty Spivak's postcolonial feminist perspective. The study investigates the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized populations in contemporary society, aiming to elucidate effective strategies for resistance against marginalization. Key focal points include Spivak's subaltern concept and the imperative of amplifying marginalized voices. The analysis critically examines Rabbani's portrayal of 'invisible people' (2017) as individuals bereft of agency and influence due to their marginalized status, exploring multiple forms of exclusion encompassing economic, social, and political dimensions. Moreover, the research delves into Rabbani's nuanced treatment of identity construction and the intricate intersections of marginalization. Applying Spivak's theory of strategic essentialism, the study scrutinizes how these individuals navigate their identities and mobilize collective resistance. Additionally, the research evaluates notions of agency and empowerment within Rabbani's narrative, investigating methodologies employed by marginalized groups to challenge entrenched power dynamics. Through Spivak's concept of "subaltern counter publics," the study examines the significance of grassroots movements, community organizing, and the establishment of alternative platforms for collective action. Ethical considerations within Spivak and Rabbani's frameworks are also addressed, highlighting the complexities and ethical responsibilities associated with representing marginalized populations. This research underscores the importance of reflexive researcher positionality when engaging with these narratives. Overall, this study provides a nuanced and insightful analysis of Rabbani's 'Invisible People' from a Spivakian perspective, contributing to the ongoing discourse on resistance, marginality, and social justice within this the

Feminism is named as the demand for equality between men and women; however, it is not easily acceptable for the so-called super-gender called men, in any patriarchal society. It is not only a phenomenon but also a chapter of life that varies day by day, though is accepted by many communities, but difficult to adopt or accept in a patriarchal society as in Pakistan. There are many factors behind acceptance or rejection, which is debatable. Either the economy, politics, society, religion, or education is the aspect to enroll it in life. This article is the demonstration of factors, which is responsible for bridging the gap between academic feminism: which is being read to the generation, excluding the reality of the physique of gender, and the activism in feminism, which is being practiced with social norms. This debate would be qualitative in nature. Though it concluded that Feminism in the society of Pakistan is not digestible for men members, however, the accelerator for equality or, even equity is slow but consistent and some of the changes are happening gradually

This scholarly research offers a comprehensive analysis of Rabbani's seminal work, 'Invisible People,' through the theoretical lens of Gayatri Chakraborty Spivak's postcolonial feminist perspective. The study investigates the experiences and challenges faced by marginalized populations in contemporary society, aiming to elucidate effective strategies for resistance against marginalization. Key focal points include Spivak's subaltern concept and the imperative of amplifying marginalized voices. The analysis critically examines Rabbani's portrayal of 'invisible people' (2017) as individuals bereft of agency and influence due to their marginalized status, exploring multiple forms of exclusion encompassing economic, social, and political dimensions. Moreover, the research delves into Rabbani's nuanced treatment of identity construction and the intricate intersections of marginalization. Applying Spivak's theory of strategic essentialism, the study scrutinizes how these individuals navigate their identities and mobilize collective resistance. Additionally, the research evaluates notions of agency and empowerment within Rabbani's narrative, investigating methodologies employed by marginalized groups to challenge entrenched power dynamics. Through Spivak's concept of "subaltern counter publics," the study examines the significance of grassroots movements, community organizing, and the establishment of alternative platforms for collective action. Ethical considerations within Spivak and Rabbani's frameworks are also addressed, highlighting the complexities and ethical responsibilities associated with representing marginalized populations. This research underscores the importance of reflexive researcher positionality when engaging with these narratives. Overall, this study provides a nuanced and insightful analysis of Rabbani's 'Invisible People' from a Spivakian perspective, contributing to the ongoing discourse on resistance, marginality, and social justice within this the

Feminism is named as the demand for equality between men and women; however, it is not easily acceptable for the so-called super-gender called men, in any patriarchal society. It is not only a phenomenon but also a chapter of life that varies day by day, though is accepted by many communities, but difficult to adopt or accept in a patriarchal society as in Pakistan. There are many factors behind acceptance or rejection, which is debatable. Either the economy, politics, society, religion, or education is the aspect to enroll it in life. This article is the demonstration of factors, which is responsible for bridging the gap between academic feminism: which is being read to the generation, excluding the reality of the physique of gender, and the activism in feminism, which is being practiced with social norms. This debate would be qualitative in nature. Though it concluded that Feminism in the society of Pakistan is not digestible for men members, however, the accelerator for equality or, even equity is slow but consistent and some of the changes are happening gradually

Education system has importance in the development of any country. Without better education no country can make progress. The main objective of the study is to review the problems of education system in Pakistan. For this paper literature regarding problems of education system in Pakistan was critically analyzed. It was find out that major issues faced by our educational system were gender inequality, insufficient educational budget, outdated curriculum, poor examination system, Internal and external influence on education system, lack of quality teachers, political interference, The lack of faculty training and development, dropout ratio, lack of uniformity in education system, Education without Direction and failure to achieve millennium developmental goals. It was recommended that should take steps to decrease gender inequality. Sufficient budget should be allocated for educational purpose. Steps should be taken to minimize drop out. Internal and external interferences should be avoided to improve quality of education. Curriculum should be updated according to needs of people.

Education system has importance in the development of any country. Without better education no country can make progress. The main objective of the study is to review the problems of education system in Pakistan. For this paper literature regarding problems of education system in Pakistan was critically analyzed. It was find out that major issues faced by our educational system were gender inequality, insufficient educational budget, outdated curriculum, poor examination system, Internal and external influence on education system, lack of quality teachers, political interference, The lack of faculty training and development, dropout ratio, lack of uniformity in education system, Education without Direction and failure to achieve millennium developmental goals. It was recommended that should take steps to decrease gender inequality. Sufficient budget should be allocated for educational purpose. Steps should be taken to minimize drop out. Internal and external interferences should be avoided to improve quality of education. Curriculum should be updated according to needs of people.

Nitrogen (N) as an inorganic macronutrient is inevitable for plant growth, development, and biomass production. Many external factors and stresses, such as acidity, alkalinity, salinity, temperature, oxygen, and rainfall, affect N uptake and metabolism in plants. The uptake of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) in plants mainly depends on soil properties. Under the sufficient availability of NO3− (>1 mM), low-affinity transport system is activated by gene network NRT1, and under low NO3− availability (<1 mM), high-affinity transport system starts functioning encoded by NRT2 family of genes. Further, under limited N supply due to edaphic and climatic factors, higher expression of the AtNRT2.4 and AtNRT2.5T genes of the NRT2 family occur and are considered as N remobilizing genes. The NH4+ ion is the final form of N assimilated by cells mediated through the key enzymes glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. The WRKY1 is a major transcription factor of the N regulation network in plants. However, the transcriptome and metabolite profiles show variations in N assimilation metabolites, including glycine, glutamine, and aspartate, under abiotic stresses. The overexpression of NO3− transporters (OsNRT2.3a and OsNRT1.1b) can significantly improve the biomass and yield of various crops. Altering the expression levels of genes could be a valuable tool to improve N metabolism under the challenging conditions of soil and environment, such as unfavorable temperature, drought, salinity, heavy metals, and nutrient stress.

Background There has been a recent rise in the use of technology for health promotional practices, which have begun to gain popularity among physiotherapists but not much research has been conducted to explore its many opportunities and challenges among older adults in developing countries. Objectives To explore Nigerian-based Physiotherapists’ perspectives on how digital health technologies (DHT) can be utilized to promote physiotherapy home treatment programs among Nigerian older people. Methods This is a one-on-one semi-structured interview of 12 geriatric physiotherapists (7 Male, 5 female) virtually in the Teams Meeting platform. Data generated were analyzed thematically using the latest version of NVivo software. Results Three overarching themes were conceptualized including the usage of DHT in Nigeria, challenges to DHT application, and strategies to improve DHT usage. These described a low awareness and usage of DHT despite its recognized need and advantages for promoting home program. The forms of DHT commonly being used are mostly mobile-based through calls or texts, which could be due to barriers to the use of DHT including older people’s declining cognition, poverty, and low interest in technology. Some external problems included the physiotherapists’ attachment to hands-on practice and low commitment from the informal caregivers. Conclusions These findings suggested ways to utilize the DHT in promoting physiotherapy home treatment programs among older people by encouraging technological innovations and raising awareness among physiotherapists, while the physiotherapists need to patiently educate both the older people and involve their informal caregivers.

Background There has been a recent rise in the use of technology for health promotional practices, which have begun to gain popularity among physiotherapists but not much research has been conducted to explore its many opportunities and challenges among older adults in developing countries. Objectives To explore Nigerian-based Physiotherapists’ perspectives on how digital health technologies (DHT) can be utilized to promote physiotherapy home treatment programs among Nigerian older people. Methods This is a one-on-one semi-structured interview of 12 geriatric physiotherapists (7 Male, 5 female) virtually in the Teams Meeting platform. Data generated were analyzed thematically using the latest version of NVivo software. Results Three overarching themes were conceptualized including the usage of DHT in Nigeria, challenges to DHT application, and strategies to improve DHT usage. These described a low awareness and usage of DHT despite its recognized need and advantages for promoting home program. The forms of DHT commonly being used are mostly mobile-based through calls or texts, which could be due to barriers to the use of DHT including older people’s declining cognition, poverty, and low interest in technology. Some external problems included the physiotherapists’ attachment to hands-on practice and low commitment from the informal caregivers. Conclusions These findings suggested ways to utilize the DHT in promoting physiotherapy home treatment programs among older people by encouraging technological innovations and raising awareness among physiotherapists, while the physiotherapists need to patiently educate both the older people and involve their informal caregivers.

INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is a chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory and proliferative skin disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease of the airways. COPD has been studied as a comorbidity of psoriasis, but the association needs further study, hence the objective of this study. eVIDeNCe aCQuISItIoN: a systematic review was performed using the database Pubmed and 155 records were found including the ones found through references. Seven records were found eligible for this study including six observational studies and one experimental study with a total of 229,075 participants. the odds ratio of CoPD in patients with psoriasis and healthy subjects was analysed using a random effects model. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The pooled data showed a significant association (OR=1.77, 95% CI [1.32; 2.39]) between psoriasis and COPD with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2=96%). Sub-analyses of the different types of studies (cohort study: OR=2.53 [2.43; 2.63], case-control study: OR=1.6 [0.03; 100.96] and cross-sectional study: OR=1.57 [0.58; 4.22]) and smoking status (OR=1.7 [0.69; 4.14]) were also performed to further examine the association. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant association between psoriasis and COPD, but the underlying mechanism and how smoking status affects the results remain unclear and need further study. Physicians should be aware of the risk and its seriousness to provide better and more targeted treatment.

With the rapid growth of the machine learning applications, the workloads of future HPC systems are anticipated to be a mix of scientific simulation, big data analytics, and machine learning applications. Simulation is a great research vehicle to understand the performance implications of co-running scientific applications with big data and machine learning workloads on large-scale systems. In this paper, we present Union, a workload manager that provides an automatic framework to facilitate hybrid workload simulation in CODES. Furthermore, we use Union, along with CODES, to investigate various hybrid workloads composed of traditional simulation applications and emerging learning applications on two dragonfly systems. The experiment results show that both message latency and communication time are important performance metrics to evaluate network interference. Network interference on HPC applications is more reflected by the message latency variation, whereas ML application performance depends more on the communication time.

Background There has been a recent rise in the use of technology for health promotional practices, which have begun to gain popularity among physiotherapists but not much research has been conducted to explore its many opportunities and challenges among older adults in developing countries. Objectives To explore Nigerian-based Physiotherapists’ perspectives on how digital health technologies (DHT) can be utilized to promote physiotherapy home treatment programs among Nigerian older people. Methods This is a one-on-one semi-structured interview of 12 geriatric physiotherapists (7 Male, 5 female) virtually in the Teams Meeting platform. Data generated were analyzed thematically using the latest version of NVivo software. Results Three overarching themes were conceptualized including the usage of DHT in Nigeria, challenges to DHT application, and strategies to improve DHT usage. These described a low awareness and usage of DHT despite its recognized need and advantages for promoting home program. The forms of DHT commonly being used are mostly mobile-based through calls or texts, which could be due to barriers to the use of DHT including older people’s declining cognition, poverty, and low interest in technology. Some external problems included the physiotherapists’ attachment to hands-on practice and low commitment from the informal caregivers. Conclusions These findings suggested ways to utilize the DHT in promoting physiotherapy home treatment programs among older people by encouraging technological innovations and raising awareness among physiotherapists, while the physiotherapists need to patiently educate both the older people and involve their informal caregivers.

Purpose: This study aims to find out the aspects of politics and economics of integrated urban water resources management in Semarang City and their impact on the practices of qualities of water resources management. Methods: This research used the qualitative method and field research approach. The focus data are the regulation and the implementation of water resources management in Semarang City Indonesia. The data was drawn from documents and interview with some resource persons. Results and Conclusion: The study found that the city government, which should carry out the function of conserving water resources, actually polluted the Kaligarang River through one of its institutions: Local Water Drinking Company, “Tirta Moedal”. This company disposes of waste sludge containing aluminum metal directly into the river without any treatment processes that impacted in pollution in the river and causing siltation of the river downstream. Research implications: the enactment of the comprehensive and integrated water resources management will has a positive impact on the practices of water resources management in Semarang specifically and Indonesia and even world countries generally. The implementation of comprehensive and integrated water resources management will also support the achievement of the sustainable development Goal. Originality/value: Semarang City government must be supported to arrange a comprehensive and integrated water resources management (WRM) policy. There must be a clear legal law for the water resources management.

The antigen rapid diagnostic test is used for screening COVID-19 patients and is easy to do anywhere and saves time. The sensitivity of various brands of rapid antigen test kits can vary, so medical personnel need to pay close attention to them. Testing for the SARS-CoV2 antigen kit needs to be done diagnostically. This study aims to determine the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of the Haelgen antigen rapid test through diagnostic tests. The study design was cross-sectional, with a total sample of 60 people who took swabs from the nasopharynx and oropharynx. The sample is placed in the viral transport medium (VTM). Samples were examined by RT-PCR and, at the same time, examined using an antigen rapid test. The results of the analysis were carried out by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the SARS-Cov2 antigen test compared to standard RT-PCR using a diagnostic test formula. The most common characteristics of COVID-19 patients were female and 20–29 years old (28.3%). The results of the Haelgen rapid antigen diagnostic test showed a sensitivity of 92.31%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 87.5%, and an accuracy of 95%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the Haelgen rapid antigen are suitable for testing for COVID-19.

Nanomaterials offer the potential for positive technological impact in a variety of industries. The major breakthrough is in neurological therapeutic applications as their physical and chemical properties allow them to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, questions concerning its safety have arisen as a result of its permeability and the broad application of nanomaterials especially the engineered nanomaterial (ENMs). Due to the large spectrum of ENM properties, pinpointing individual features that caused toxicity is difficult. It is therefore urgent to capitalise on these new developments in ENM safety evaluation. Indeed, novel risk assessment and risk management techniques for humans and the environment across the whole life-cycle of nanomaterial products have emerged in recent years, including systems biology approaches and high-throughput screening platforms. Moreover, the new toxicology technology should practically reduce the number of animal samples required for testing and allow both in vitro and in vivo cell studies. Unlike traditional cytotoxicity, which limits the analysis effect to a single experiment, hazardous risk assessment by integrated omics technologies using high-throughput technologies provides robustness of systemic functional analysis towards ENM, allowing the discovery of biomarkers and functional pathways affecting ENM safety application

This study entitled "Analysis of Student Learning Interest in Physics in Force Material" aims to measure and determine the level of student interest in physics at SMA Negeri 11 Muaro Jambi. The method used by the researcher is a method in the form of a quantitative descriptive method with an instrument in the form of a student interest questionnaire. The population of this study were students in class X with a total of 32 students, students in class XI with a total of 33 students, and students in class XII with a total of 23 students. The sample technique used in this study is the total sampling technique. Researchers used a total sampling technique because the total population did not reach 100 students, so researchers used all students of class X, XII, and XII IPA 1, totaling 88 students as samples in this study. After the questionnaire was given to students and then calculated using Microsoft Excel, the results were obtained, then they were made into 4 categories with the final results in percent form and a bar chart was made. Based on the results that have been calculated, it is obtained that the level of student interest in physics class X IPA is in the good category which can be seen from Table 1 that as many as 46,8% of students have a high interest in physics subjects. Furthermore, students' interest in learning physics in class XI and XII IPA is in the low category which can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3 that 48,4% and 47,8% of students have a low interest in physics. In addition, students also do not understand the concept of force, classification of force and examples of force.

What are the possibilities of agency in which resistance and conformity are taken seriously? How can scholars “take ‘the religious’ seriously” within conceptualizations of agency? This dissertation studies the religio-political ethics of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, a persecuted and marginalized Muslim group that originated in 1880s when India was under British colonial rule and is legally designated a ‘non-Muslim minority’ in Pakistan today. I argue that even if it might appear to researchers and external observers that this community is resisting its heterodox labels by calling itself the “True Islam,” Ahmadi ethical intentionality is more complex. The intention for Ahmadis is to enact the “True Islam” by submitting themselves to Allah as part of their religious ethic – while opposition is not an explicit part of their logic, it is constitutive of their enactment due to their marginalization. With this, I theorize Ahmadiyya agency such that resistance and conformity are mutually constitutive and held in tension with one another, and term this as sabr [perseverance]. Within my conceptualization of sabr as co-constituted by resistance and conformity, I emphasize the importance of ethical intentionality in how I hold goals of empowerment and submission in tension with one another. Furthermore, the exclusion of the Ahmadiyya from the Muslim ummah [global community] in various geographical and discursive contexts is an important part of why Ahmadis are not “just” enacting conformity. Ahmadiyya agency cannot be disentangled from resistance because the community’s claims to be the “true” Islam inherently opposes those who deny this claim. As such, I interrogate the importance of Ahmadiyya subaltern identity to unpack how the interplay between resistance and conformity is enacted by Ahmadis across geographic contexts. In North America and Ghana, where I have conducted virtual and in-person fieldwork observations and interviews, the subalternity of the Ahmadiyya is not

This study aimed to describe the problem-solving abilities and mathematical connections of the sixth-semester students of Physics Tadris in the Statistical Physics course, especially the Bose-Einstein Equation Material. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research. Data collection in this study used a cognitive test technique in the form of a description test to measure students' mathematical abilities, which amounted to 8 questions, of which four were used to measure problem-solving abilities, and four were used to measure students' mathematical connections. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to determine the profile of students' mathematical abilities and the distribution of predicate achievement on the ability of problem fractions and students' mathematical connections. The results showed that students' average problem-solving ability and mathematical connection were in the Pretty Good category.

Numerous innovative teaching and learning techniques, such as e-learning and online learning, have emerged as a result of science and technology's quick development. The digital age, the speedy progression of technology, and other web-based communication technologies have made it possible for educators to create perfect learning environments that might satisfy many students' requirements. Novelty in technology makes it possible for education to extend outside of the classroom and gives students easier access to a variety of educational resources. The study's aim was to explore the use of blended learning instructional methods for children with intellectual disabilities and to what extent teachers of children with intellectual disabilities know about blended learning instructional methods. The population of the study was all teachers of special education working in government and semi-government institutes of Punjab. A Snowball sampling technique was used. A questionnaire was developed as a tool for the study; it had three sections. Constructs were demographics, practices of teachers, and perceptions about blended learning. It was converted into Google Form, shared in the official group of semi-government special schools, and shared with government teachers of special education. The findings of the study were that the teachers had neither used online learning nor were interested in using it as an effective learning strategy for students with special needs. Without training and awareness, teachers were using online mode for that scenario to create some learning opportunities for intellectually delayed students. It was concluded that they were less attentive to the compulsion of interaction during online mode than in face-to-face mode. Different teaching strategies were used. Some teachers thought blended learning was the same as online learning, and teachers were somewhat aware of online modes. Positive feedback on instructional strategies and awareness of blended lea

Numerous innovative teaching and learning techniques, such as e-learning and online learning, have emerged as a result of science and technology's quick development. The digital age, the speedy progression of technology, and other web-based communication technologies have made it possible for educators to create perfect learning environments that might satisfy many students' requirements. Novelty in technology makes it possible for education to extend outside of the classroom and gives students easier access to a variety of educational resources. The study's aim was to explore the use of blended learning instructional methods for children with intellectual disabilities and to what extent teachers of children with intellectual disabilities know about blended learning instructional methods. The population of the study was all teachers of special education working in government and semi-government institutes of Punjab. A Snowball sampling technique was used. A questionnaire was developed as a tool for the study; it had three sections. Constructs were demographics, practices of teachers, and perceptions about blended learning. It was converted into Google Form, shared in the official group of semi-government special schools, and shared with government teachers of special education. The findings of the study were that the teachers had neither used online learning nor were interested in using it as an effective learning strategy for students with special needs. Without training and awareness, teachers were using online mode for that scenario to create some learning opportunities for intellectually delayed students. It was concluded that they were less attentive to the compulsion of interaction during online mode than in face-to-face mode. Different teaching strategies were used. Some teachers thought blended learning was the same as online learning, and teachers were somewhat aware of online modes. Positive feedback on instructional strategies and awareness of blended lea

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world for the past two years has created a new trend in the world of education, one of which is through the use of e-modules. The purpose of this research is to identify and describe trends in e-module research in physics learning. The method used in this research is through bibliometric studies. The research was conducted by searching online through the Scopus database in July 2022 with the keyword "e-module" in the 2017-2021 range. The search results are then sorted and saved in CSV format which is then analyzed using VOSviewer software. Through this bibliometric approach, we can obtain an overview of research trends, patterns of interrelationships, and the potential to find novelty from these trends so as to assist further research in the future. The results of data analysis show that there are countries and the most productive authors who conduct research on e-modules. In addition, bibliometric visualization shows that research on e-modules continues to grow in various topics. So that research on e-modules in the future continues to develop according to needs.

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world for the past two years has created a new trend in the world of education, one of which is through the use of e-modules. The purpose of this research is to identify and describe trends in e-module research in physics learning. The method used in this research is through bibliometric studies. The research was conducted by searching online through the Scopus database in July 2022 with the keyword "e-module" in the 2017-2021 range. The search results are then sorted and saved in CSV format which is then analyzed using VOSviewer software. Through this bibliometric approach, we can obtain an overview of research trends, patterns of interrelationships, and the potential to find novelty from these trends so as to assist further research in the future. The results of data analysis show that there are countries and the most productive authors who conduct research on e-modules. In addition, bibliometric visualization shows that research on e-modules continues to grow in various topics. So that research on e-modules in the future continues to develop according to needs.

Environmental sustainability is the most important concern all over the world due to low carbon emissions. A sufficient study has been conducted about the factors that influence carbon emissions in various regions of the world, whereas ECO (Economic Cooperation Organization) countries have yet to have such literature. The goal of this study is to examine the impact of economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, gross capital formation, and urban population on carbon dioxide emissions using panel methods. Panel data we used in this research from 1993-2019 for nine economic cooperation organisation economies. We use the different panel unit root, Cross-sectional dependency, and panel Waterland tests, especially FMOLS and DOLS. The various Panel Unit Root test outcomes demonstrate that, at 1st difference, all variables are stationary. Panel cointegration techniques like (Westerlund) verify that the entire set of variables is cointegrated. In the end, FMOLS and DOLS findings reveal that all variables, including economic growth, consumption of energy, urban population, trade openness, and urban population, have a favourable and statistically significant effect on emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). However, gross capital formation has no statistically significant impact on emissions of carbon dioxide. The research outcome of this study helps every relevant stakeholder, particularly practitioners, environmentalists, and researchers, in developing applicable policies for the sustainability of the environment, like in the reductions in carbon dioxide emissions in the Economic Cooperation Organization. &nbsp

Nanomaterials offer the potential for positive technological impact in a variety of industries. The major breakthrough is in neurological therapeutic applications as their physical and chemical properties allow them to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, questions concerning its safety have arisen as a result of its permeability and the broad application of nanomaterials especially the engineered nanomaterial (ENMs). Due to the large spectrum of ENM properties, pinpointing individual features that caused toxicity is difficult. It is therefore urgent to capitalise on these new developments in ENM safety evaluation. Indeed, novel risk assessment and risk management techniques for humans and the environment across the whole life-cycle of nanomaterial products have emerged in recent years, including systems biology approaches and high-throughput screening platforms. Moreover, the new toxicology technology should practically reduce the number of animal samples required for testing and allow both in vitro and in vivo cell studies. Unlike traditional cytotoxicity, which limits the analysis effect to a single experiment, hazardous risk assessment by integrated omics technologies using high-throughput technologies provides robustness of systemic functional analysis towards ENM, allowing the discovery of biomarkers and functional pathways affecting ENM safety application.

Non-specific low back pain, a common condition, affects vast majority of the population worldwide and can be treated with soft tissue mobilization either with compression or decompression. Objective: To compare the effects of instrument-assisted compressive versus decompressive myofascial release on pain intensity, lumbar range of motion, and disability in non-specific low back pain. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Laeeque Rafiq Hospital from February 2023 to April 2023. Two groups were included: one received instrument-assisted compressive myofascial release (Ergon tool), and the other received decompressive myofascial release with dry cupping. The study followed the patients for three weeks, collecting measurements of pain intensity, lumbar flexion and extension range of motion (ROM), and disability scores of low back pain. Data analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0. Results: There were a total of 44 patients. 23 patients were assigned to the compressive myofascial release technique group and 21 patients to the decompressive myofascial release group. Pain severity and disability score in the decompressive myofascial release group reduced significantly compared to the compressive myofascial release group at the end of the third week and first week respectively (p-value=0.02 and p-value=0.05 respectively). Lumbar flexion and extension ROM improved significantly in the compressive release group as compared to the decompressive release group after 1st and 2nd week respectively (p-value=0.01 and p-value=0.04 respectively). Conclusions: Decompressive myofascial release reduces low back pain and disability, while compressive myofascial release improves lumbar range of motion.

Non-specific low back pain, a common condition, affects vast majority of the population worldwide and can be treated with soft tissue mobilization either with compression or decompression. Objective: To compare the effects of instrument-assisted compressive versus decompressive myofascial release on pain intensity, lumbar range of motion, and disability in non-specific low back pain. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Laeeque Rafiq Hospital from February 2023 to April 2023. Two groups were included: one received instrument-assisted compressive myofascial release (Ergon tool), and the other received decompressive myofascial release with dry cupping. The study followed the patients for three weeks, collecting measurements of pain intensity, lumbar flexion and extension range of motion (ROM), and disability scores of low back pain. Data analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0. Results: There were a total of 44 patients. 23 patients were assigned to the compressive myofascial release technique group and 21 patients to the decompressive myofascial release group. Pain severity and disability score in the decompressive myofascial release group reduced significantly compared to the compressive myofascial release group at the end of the third week and first week respectively (p-value=0.02 and p-value=0.05 respectively). Lumbar flexion and extension ROM improved significantly in the compressive release group as compared to the decompressive release group after 1st and 2nd week respectively (p-value=0.01 and p-value=0.04 respectively). Conclusions: Decompressive myofascial release reduces low back pain and disability, while compressive myofascial release improves lumbar range of motion.

The migrant entrepreneurs’ activities increasingly spread beyond national borders as they travel and move goods between countries. Yet, research still portrays a static and homogeneous picture of the phenomenon, which disregards complex biographies, evolving along multiple places over time, and cross-border activities beyond the origin and destination country. In response, this article uses a time-geographic and biographic approach, which allows for a more dynamic investigation of the different localities involved in migrants’ entrepreneurial projects and the evolution of cross-border resources throughout their history of migration. The presented study is based on quantitative research data collection through the distribution of 186 questionnaires among the educated faculty of the University of Management and Technology, Lahore. Because most research participants have multiple migration experiences and are female, it provides insights into understudied groups within the field. This article concludes that the lack of resource, poverty, and unemployment in Pakistan is the reason for the migration of educated people from Pakistan to abroad. In contrast to the classic literature, it highlights that the cross-border engagement of migrants often exceeds the origin–destination binary. Knowledge of economic and institutional environments, professional and intimate contacts, as well as other competencies that interviewees have developed within different localities and episodes of their mobile biographies, become important resources in this regard. Moreover, the study offers a nuanced view of the constraints experienced and strategies employed by different groups of migrants according to their position in society.