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1. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot (author), Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author), Mills, Michael J. (author), Khodri, Myriam (author), Ball, W.T. (author), Bekki, Slimane (author), Dhomse, Sandip S. (author), Lebas, Nicolas (author), Mann, Graham (author), Clyne, Margot (author), Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author), Mills, Michael J. (author), Khodri, Myriam (author), Ball, W.T. (author), Bekki, Slimane (author), Dhomse, Sandip S. (author), Lebas, Nicolas (author), and Mann, Graham (author)
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth., Atmospheric Remote Sensing
Published: 2021
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2. Impact of personal genomic risk information on melanoma prevention behaviors and psychological outcomes: a randomized controlled trial

Author: Smit, Amelia K., Allen, Martin, Beswick, Brooke, Butow, Phyllis, Dawkins, Hugh, Dobbinson, Suzanne J., Dunlop, Kate L., Espinoza, David, Fenton, Georgina, Kanetsky, Peter A., Keogh, Louise, Kimlin, Michael G., Kirk, Judy, Law, Matthew H., Lo, Serigne, Low, Cynthia, Mann, Graham J., Reyes-Marcelino, Gillian, Morton, Rachael L., Newson, Ainsley J., Savard, Jacqueline, Trevena, Lyndal, Wordsworth, Sarah, Cust, Anne E., Smit, Amelia K., Allen, Martin, Beswick, Brooke, Butow, Phyllis, Dawkins, Hugh, Dobbinson, Suzanne J., Dunlop, Kate L., Espinoza, David, Fenton, Georgina, Kanetsky, Peter A., Keogh, Louise, Kimlin, Michael G., Kirk, Judy, Law, Matthew H., Lo, Serigne, Low, Cynthia, Mann, Graham J., Reyes-Marcelino, Gillian, Morton, Rachael L., Newson, Ainsley J., Savard, Jacqueline, Trevena, Lyndal, Wordsworth, Sarah, and Cust, Anne E.
Abstract: Purpose: We evaluated the impact of personal melanoma genomic risk information on sun-related behaviors and psychological outcomes. Methods: In this parallel group, open, randomized controlled trial, 1,025 Australians of European ancestry without melanoma and aged 18–69 years were recruited via the Medicare database (3% consent). Participants were randomized to the intervention (n = 513; saliva sample for genetic testing, personalized melanoma risk booklet based on a 40-variant polygenic risk score, telephone-based genetic counseling, educational booklet) or control (n = 512; educational booklet). Wrist-worn ultraviolet (UV) radiation dosimeters (10-day wear) and questionnaires were administered at baseline, 1 month postintervention, and 12 months postbaseline. Results: At 12 months, 948 (92%) participants completed dosimetry and 973 (95%) the questionnaire. For the primary outcome, there was no effect of the genomic risk intervention on objectively measured UV exposure at 12 months, irrespective of traditional risk factors. For secondary outcomes at 12 months, the intervention reduced sunburns (risk ratio: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.54–0.96), and increased skin examinations among women. Melanoma-related worry was reduced. There was no overall impact on general psychological distress. Conclusion: Personalized genomic risk information did not influence sun exposure patterns but did improve some skin cancer prevention and early detection behaviors, suggesting it may be useful for precision prevention. There was no evidence of psychological harm.
Published: 2021

3. Risk factors for melanoma by anatomical site: an evaluation of aetiological heterogeneity

Author: Laskar, R., Ferreiro-Iglesias, A., Bishop, D. T., Iles, Mark M., Kanetsky, P. A., Armstrong, B. K., Law, M. H., Goldstein, A. M., Aitken, J. F., Giles, Graham G., Robbins, H. A., Cust, Anne E., Mann, Graham J., Schmid, Helen, Hopper, John L., Holland, Elizabeth, Kefford, Richard F., Jenkins, Mark A., Newton Bishop, Julia A., Affleck, Paul, Barrett, Jennifer H., Harrison, Jane, Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Harland, Mark, Taylor, John C., Whittaker, Linda, Kukalizch, Kairen, Leake, Susan, Karpavicius, Birute, Haynes, Sue, Mack, Tricia, Chan, May, Taylor, Yvonne, Davies, John, King, Paul, other, and, Laskar, R., Ferreiro-Iglesias, A., Bishop, D. T., Iles, Mark M., Kanetsky, P. A., Armstrong, B. K., Law, M. H., Goldstein, A. M., Aitken, J. F., Giles, Graham G., Robbins, H. A., Cust, Anne E., Mann, Graham J., Schmid, Helen, Hopper, John L., Holland, Elizabeth, Kefford, Richard F., Jenkins, Mark A., Newton Bishop, Julia A., Affleck, Paul, Barrett, Jennifer H., Harrison, Jane, Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Harland, Mark, Taylor, John C., Whittaker, Linda, Kukalizch, Kairen, Leake, Susan, Karpavicius, Birute, Haynes, Sue, Mack, Tricia, Chan, May, Taylor, Yvonne, Davies, John, King, Paul, and other, and
Abstract: Background: Melanoma aetiology has been proposed to have two pathways, which are determined by naevi and type of sun exposure and related to the anatomical site where melanoma develops. Objectives: We examined associations with melanoma by anatomical site for a comprehensive set of risk factors including pigmentary and naevus phenotypes, ultraviolet radiation exposure and polygenic risk. Methods: We analysed harmonized data from 2617 people with incident first invasive melanoma and 975 healthy controls recruited through two population-based case–control studies in Australia and the UK. Questionnaire data were collected by interview using a single protocol, and pathway-specific polygenic risk scores were derived from DNA samples. We estimated adjusted odds ratios using unconditional logistic regression that compared melanoma cases at each anatomical site with all controls. Results: When cases were compared with control participants, there were stronger associations for many naevi vs. no naevi for melanomas on the trunk, and upper and lower limbs than on the head and neck (P-heterogeneity < 0·001). Very fair skin (vs. olive/brown skin) was more weakly related to melanoma on the trunk than to melanomas at other sites (P-heterogeneity = 0·04). There was no significant difference by anatomical site for polygenic risk. Increased weekday sun exposure was positively associated with melanoma on the head and neck but not on other sites. Conclusions: We found evidence of aetiological heterogeneity for melanoma, supporting the dual pathway hypothesis. These findings enhance understanding of risk factors for melanoma and can guide prevention and skin examination education and practices.
Published: 2021

4. Identifying the 'Active Ingredients' of an Effective Psychological Intervention to Reduce Fear of Cancer Recurrence: A Process Evaluation

Author: Khan, Janice M, Dieng, Mbathio, Butow, Phyllis, Mireskandari, Shab, Tesson, Stephanie, Menzies, Scott W, Costa, Daniel S J, Morton, Rachael L, Mann, Graham, Cust, Anne E, Kasparian, Nadine A, Khan, Janice M, Dieng, Mbathio, Butow, Phyllis, Mireskandari, Shab, Tesson, Stephanie, Menzies, Scott W, Costa, Daniel S J, Morton, Rachael L, Mann, Graham, Cust, Anne E, and Kasparian, Nadine A
Abstract: Purpose: Psychological interventions targeting fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) are effective in reducing fear and distress. Process evaluations are an important, yet scarce adjunct to published intervention trials, despite their utility in guiding the interpretation of study outcomes and optimizing intervention design for broader implementation. Accordingly, this paper reports the findings of a process evaluation conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial of a psychological intervention for melanoma patients. Methods: Men and women with a history of Stage 0–II melanoma at high-risk of developing new primary disease were recruited via High Risk Melanoma Clinics across Sydney, Australia and randomly allocated to receive the psychological intervention (n = 80) or usual care (n = 84). Intervention participants received a tailored psycho-educational resource and three individual psychotherapeutic sessions delivered via telehealth. Qualitative and quantitative data on intervention context, processes, and delivery (reach, dose, and fidelity), and mechanisms of impact (participant responses, moderators of outcome) were collected from a range of sources, including participant surveys, psychotherapeutic session audio-recordings, and clinical records. Results: Almost all participants reported using the psycho-educational resource (97%), received all intended psychotherapy sessions (96%), and reported high satisfaction with both intervention components. Over 80% of participants would recommend the intervention to others, and a small proportion (4%) found discussion of melanoma-related experiences confronting. Perceived benefits included enhanced doctor-patient communication, talking more openly with family members about melanoma, and improved coping. Of potential moderators, only higher FCR severity at baseline (pre-intervention) was associated with greater reductions in FCR severity (primary outcome) at 6-month follow-up (primary endpoint). Conclusions: Findings support
Published: 2021

5. Efficiency of Detecting New Primary Melanoma among Individuals Treated in a High-risk Clinic for Skin Surveillance

Author: Guitera, Pascale, Menzies, Scott W, Coates, Elliot, Azzi, Anthony, Fernandez-Penas, Pablo, Lilleyman, Alister, Badcock, Caro, Schmid, Helen, Watts, Caroline G, Collgros, Helena, Liu, Rose, van Kemenade, Cathelijne, Mann, Graham, Cust, Anne E, Guitera, Pascale, Menzies, Scott W, Coates, Elliot, Azzi, Anthony, Fernandez-Penas, Pablo, Lilleyman, Alister, Badcock, Caro, Schmid, Helen, Watts, Caroline G, Collgros, Helena, Liu, Rose, van Kemenade, Cathelijne, Mann, Graham, and Cust, Anne E
Abstract: Importance: A previous single-center study observed fewer excisions, lower health care costs, thinner melanomas, and better quality of life when surveillance of high-risk patients was conducted in a melanoma dermatology clinic with a structured surveillance protocol involving full-body examinations every 6 months aided by total-body photography (TBP) and sequential digital dermoscopy imaging (SDDI). Objective: To examine longer-term sustainability and expansion of the surveillance program to numerous practices, including a primary care skin cancer clinic setting. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study recruited 593 participants assessed from 2012 to 2018 as having very high risk of melanoma, with a median of 2.9 years of follow-up (interquartile range, 1.9-3.3 years), from 4 melanoma high-risk clinics (3 dermatology clinics and 1 primary care skin cancer clinic) in New South Wales, Australia. Data analyses were conducted from February to September 2020. Exposures: Six-month full-body examination with the aid of TBP and SDDI. For equivocal lesions, the clinician performed SDDI at 3 or 6 months. Main Outcomes and Measures: All suspect monitored or excised lesions were recorded, and pathology reports obtained. Outcomes included the incidence and characteristics of new lesions and the association of diagnostic aids with rates of new melanoma detection. Results: Among 593 participants, 340 (57.3%) were men, and the median age at baseline was 58 years (interquartile range, 47-66 years). There were 1513 lesions excised during follow-up, including 171 primary melanomas. The overall benign to malignant excision ratio, including keratinocyte carcinomas, was 0.8:1.0; the benign melanocytic to melanoma excision ratio was 2.4:1.0; and the melanoma in situ to invasive melanoma ratio was 2.2:1.0. The excision ratios were similar across the 4 centers. The risk of developing a new melanoma was 9.0% annually in the first 2 years and increased with time, part
Published: 2021

6. Birth cohort-specific trends of sun-related behaviors among individuals from an international consortium of melanoma-prone families

Author: Lacson, John Charles A, Zamani, Shawn A, Ribeiro Froes Jr, Luis Alberto, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H, Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D T, Bruno, William, Mann, Graham, Lacson, John Charles A, Zamani, Shawn A, Ribeiro Froes Jr, Luis Alberto, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H, Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D T, Bruno, William, and Mann, Graham
Abstract: Background: Individuals from melanoma-prone families have similar or reduced sun-protective behaviors compared to the general population. Studies on trends in sun-related behaviors have been temporally and geographically limited. Methods: Individuals from an international consortium of melanoma-prone families (GenoMEL) were retrospectively asked about sunscreen use, sun exposure (time spent outside), sunburns, and sunbed use at several timepoints over their lifetime. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the association between these outcomes and birth cohort defined by decade spans, after adjusting for covariates. Results: A total of 2407 participants from 547 families across 17 centers were analyzed. Sunscreen use increased across subsequent birth cohorts, and although the likelihood of sunburns increased until the 1950s birth cohort, it decreased thereafter. Average sun exposure did not change across the birth cohorts, and the likelihood of sunbed use increased in more recent birth cohorts. We generally did not find any differences in sun-related behavior when comparing melanoma cases to non-cases. Melanoma cases had increased sunscreen use, decreased sun exposure, and decreased odds of sunburn and sunbed use after melanoma diagnosis compared to before diagnosis. Conclusions: Although sunscreen use has increased and the likelihood of sunburns has decreased in more recent birth cohorts, individuals in melanoma-prone families have not reduced their overall sun exposure and had an increased likelihood of sunbed use in more recent birth cohorts. These observations demonstrate partial improvements in melanoma prevention and suggest that additional intervention strategies may be needed to achieve optimal sun-protective behavior in melanoma-prone families.
Published: 2021

7. Prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in elective surgical patients in Australia: a prospective surveillance study

Author: Coatsworth, Nicholas, Myles, P. S., Mann, Graham, Cockburn, Ian, Forbes, A B, Gardiner, Elizabeth, Lum, Gary, Cheng, Allen, Gruen, Russell, Coatsworth, Nicholas, Myles, P. S., Mann, Graham, Cockburn, Ian, Forbes, A B, Gardiner, Elizabeth, Lum, Gary, Cheng, Allen, and Gruen, Russell
Abstract: Background: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of active or previous SARSCoV-2 infection in asymptomatic adults admitted for elective surgery in Australian hospitals. This surveillance activity was established as part of the National Pandemic Health Intelligence Plan. Methods: Participants (n = 3037) were recruited from 11 public and private hospitals in four states (NSW, Vic, SA and WA) between 2 June and 17 July 2020, with an overall 66% participation rate. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was assessed by Reverse Transcriptase - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs taken after induction of anaesthesia. Presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by analysis of serum collected at the same time using a novel dual-antigen ELISA assay. Results: No patient (0/3010) returned a positive RT-PCR result. The Bayesian estimated prevalence of active infection of 0.02% (95% probability interval 0.00–0.11%), with the upper endpoint being 1 in 918. Positive serology (IgG) was observed in 15 of 2991 patients, with a strong positive in five of those individuals (Bayesian estimated seroprevalence 0.16%; 95% probability interval 0.00–0.47%). Conclusion: These results confirm that during periods of low community prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 elective surgery patients without fever or respiratory symptoms had a very low prevalence of active SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Published: 2021

8. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, Toon, Owen B., Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, and Toon, Owen B.
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot (author), Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author), Mills, Michael J. (author), Khodri, Myriam (author), Ball, W.T. (author), Bekki, Slimane (author), Dhomse, Sandip S. (author), Lebas, Nicolas (author), Mann, Graham (author), Clyne, Margot (author), Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author), Mills, Michael J. (author), Khodri, Myriam (author), Ball, W.T. (author), Bekki, Slimane (author), Dhomse, Sandip S. (author), Lebas, Nicolas (author), and Mann, Graham (author)
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth., Atmospheric Remote Sensing
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Association between Melanoma Detected during Routine Skin Checks and Mortality

Author: Watts, Caroline G., McLoughlin, Kirstie, Goumas, Chris, Van Kemenade, Cathelijne H., Aitken, Joanne F., Soyer, H. Peter, Fernandez Peñas, Pablo, Guitera, Pascale, Scolyer, Richard A., Morton, Rachael L., Menzies, Scott W., Caruana, Michael, Kang, Yoon Jung, Mann, Graham J., Chakera, Annette H., Madronio, Christine M., Armstrong, Bruce K., Thompson, John F., Cust, Anne E., Watts, Caroline G., McLoughlin, Kirstie, Goumas, Chris, Van Kemenade, Cathelijne H., Aitken, Joanne F., Soyer, H. Peter, Fernandez Peñas, Pablo, Guitera, Pascale, Scolyer, Richard A., Morton, Rachael L., Menzies, Scott W., Caruana, Michael, Kang, Yoon Jung, Mann, Graham J., Chakera, Annette H., Madronio, Christine M., Armstrong, Bruce K., Thompson, John F., and Cust, Anne E.
Abstract: Importance: Early melanoma diagnosis is associated with better health outcomes, but there is insufficient evidence that screening, such as having routine skin checks, reduces mortality. Objective: To assess melanoma-specific and all-cause mortality associated with melanomas detected through routine skin checks, incidentally or patient detected. A secondary aim was to examine patient, sociodemographic, and clinicopathologic factors associated with different modes of melanoma detection. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective, population-based, cohort study included patients in New South Wales, Australia, who were diagnosed with melanoma over 1 year from October 23, 2006, to October 22, 2007, in the Melanoma Patterns of Care Study and followed up until 2018 (mean [SD] length of follow-up, 11.9 [0.3] years) by using linked mortality and cancer registry data. All patients who had invasive melanomas recorded at the cancer registry were eligible for the study, but the number of in situ melanomas was capped. The treating doctors recorded details of melanoma detection and patient and clinical characteristics in a baseline questionnaire. Histopathologic variables were obtained from pathology reports. Of 3932 recorded melanomas, data were available and analyzed for 2452 (62%; 1 per patient) with primary in situ (n = 291) or invasive (n = 2161) cutaneous melanoma. Data were analyzed from March 2020 to January 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures: Melanoma-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 2452 patients were included in the analyses. The median age at diagnosis was 65 years (range, 16-98 years), and 1502 patients (61%) were men. A total of 858 patients (35%) had their melanoma detected during a routine skin check, 1148 (47%) self-detected their melanoma, 293 (12%) had their melanoma discovered incidentally when checking another skin lesion, and 153 (6%) reported "other" presentation. Routine skin-check detection of invasive melanomas was
Published: 2021

11. Birth cohort-specific trends of sun-related behaviors among individuals from an international consortium of melanoma-prone families

Author: Lacson, John Charles A., Zamani, Shawn A., Froes, Luis Alberto Ribeiro, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H., Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bruno, William, Carlos-ortega, Blanca, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne-marie, Ghiorzo, Paola, Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landman, Gilles, Larre-borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Molgo, Montserrat, Moredo, Luciana Facure, Olsson, Håkan, Out-luiting, Jacoba J., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Puig, Susana, Salas-alanis, Julio, Schmid, Helen, Wadt, Karin A. W., Newton-bishop, Julia A., Kanetsky, Peter A., Lacson, John Charles A., Zamani, Shawn A., Froes, Luis Alberto Ribeiro, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H., Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bruno, William, Carlos-ortega, Blanca, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne-marie, Ghiorzo, Paola, Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landman, Gilles, Larre-borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Molgo, Montserrat, Moredo, Luciana Facure, Olsson, Håkan, Out-luiting, Jacoba J., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Puig, Susana, Salas-alanis, Julio, Schmid, Helen, Wadt, Karin A. W., Newton-bishop, Julia A., and Kanetsky, Peter A.
Published: 2021

12. Birth cohort-specific trends of sun-related behaviors among individuals from an international consortium of melanoma-prone families

Author: Lacson, John Charles A., Zamani, Shawn A., Froes, Luis Alberto Ribeiro, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H., Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bruno, William, Carlos-ortega, Blanca, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne-marie, Ghiorzo, Paola, Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landman, Gilles, Larre-borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Molgo, Montserrat, Moredo, Luciana Facure, Olsson, Håkan, Out-luiting, Jacoba J., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Puig, Susana, Salas-alanis, Julio, Schmid, Helen, Wadt, Karin A. W., Newton-bishop, Julia A., Kanetsky, Peter A., Lacson, John Charles A., Zamani, Shawn A., Froes, Luis Alberto Ribeiro, Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Doyle, Scarlet H., Azizi, Esther, Balestrini, Claudia, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bruno, William, Carlos-ortega, Blanca, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne-marie, Ghiorzo, Paola, Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landman, Gilles, Larre-borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Molgo, Montserrat, Moredo, Luciana Facure, Olsson, Håkan, Out-luiting, Jacoba J., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Puig, Susana, Salas-alanis, Julio, Schmid, Helen, Wadt, Karin A. W., Newton-bishop, Julia A., and Kanetsky, Peter A.
Published: 2021

13. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, Toon, Owen B., Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, and Toon, Owen B.
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, Toon, Owen B., Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, and Toon, Owen B.
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth.
Published: 2021
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15. Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble

Author: Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, Toon, Owen B., Clyne, Margot, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Mills, Michael J., Khodri, Myriam, Ball, William, Bekki, Slimane, Dhomse, Sandip S., Lebas, Nicolas, Mann, Graham, Marshall, Lauren, Niemeier, Ulrike, Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Schmidt, Anja, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Timmreck, Claudia, Toohey, Matthew, Tummon, Fiona, Zanchettin, Davide, Zhu, Yunqian, and Toon, Owen B.
Abstract: As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), several climate modeling centers performed a coordinated prestudy experiment with interactive stratospheric aerosol models simulating the volcanic aerosol cloud from an eruption resembling the 1815 Mt. Tambora eruption (VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble). The pre-study provided the ancillary ability to assess intermodel diversity in the radiative forcing for a large stratospheric-injecting equatorial eruption when the volcanic aerosol cloud is simulated interactively. An initial analysis of the VolMIP-Tambora ISA ensemble showed large disparities between models in the stratospheric global mean aerosol optical depth (AOD). In this study, we now show that stratospheric global mean AOD differences among the participating models are primarily due to differences in aerosol size, which we track here by effective radius. We identify specific physical and chemical processes that are missing in some models and/or parameterized differently between models, which are together causing the differences in effective radius. In particular, our analysis indicates that interactively tracking hydroxyl radical (OH) chemistry following a large volcanic injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is an important fac tor in allowing for the timescale for sulfate formation to be properly simulated. In addition, depending on the timescale of sulfate formation, there can be a large difference in effective radius and subsequently AOD that results from whether the SO2 is injected in a single model grid cell near the location of the volcanic eruption, or whether it is injected as a longitudinally averaged band around the Earth.
Published: 2021
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16. Whole genome landscapes of uveal melanoma show an ultraviolet radiation signature in iris tumours

Author: Johansson, Peter A., Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M., Wilmott, James S., Pritchard, Antonia L., Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S., Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Labros T., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B., Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W., Long, Georgina V., Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F., Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S., Rolfe, Olivia J., Park, John J., Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Pearson, John V., van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W., McGrath, Lindsay A., Warrier, Sunil K., Glasson, William, Hayward, Nicholas K., Johansson, Peter A., Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M., Wilmott, James S., Pritchard, Antonia L., Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S., Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Labros T., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B., Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W., Long, Georgina V., Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F., Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S., Rolfe, Olivia J., Park, John J., Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Pearson, John V., van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W., McGrath, Lindsay A., Warrier, Sunil K., Glasson, William, and Hayward, Nicholas K.
Abstract: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumour in adults and despite surgical or radiation treatment of primary tumours, ~50% of patients progress to metastatic disease. Therapeutic options for metastatic UM are limited, with clinical trials having little impact. Here we perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 103 UM from all sites of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, iris). While most UM have low tumour mutation burden (TMB), two subsets with high TMB are seen; one driven by germline MBD4 mutation, and another by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, which is restricted to iris UM. All but one tumour have a known UM driver gene mutation (GNAQ, GNA11, BAP1, PLCB4, CYSLTR2, SF3B1, EIF1AX). We identify three other significantly mutated genes (TP53, RPL5 and CENPE).
Published: 2020

17. Genome-wide association meta-analyses combining multiple risk phenotypes provide insights into the genetic architecture of cutaneous melanoma susceptibility

Author: Landi, Maria Teresa, Bishop, D. Timothy, MacGregor, Stuart, Machiela, Mitchell J., Stratigos, Alexander J., Ghiorzo, Paola, Brossard, Myriam, Calista, Donato, Choi, Jiyeon, Fargnoli, Maria Concetta, Zhang, Tongwu, Rodolfo, Monica, Trower, Adam J., Menin, Chiara, Martinez, Jacobo, Hadjisavvas, Andreas, Song, Lei, Stefanaki, Irene, Scolyer, Richard, Yang, Rose, Goldstein, Alisa M., Potrony, Miriam, Kypreou, Katerina P., Pastorino, Lorenza, Queirolo, Paola, Pellegrini, Cristina, Cattaneo, Laura, Zawistowski, Matthew, Gimenez-Xavier, Pol, Rodriguez, Arantxa, Elefanti, Lisa, Manoukian, Siranoush, Rivoltini, Licia, Smith, Blair H., Loizidou, Maria A., Del Regno, Laura, Massi, Daniela, Mandala, Mario, Khosrotehrani, Kiarash, Akslen, Lars A., Amos, Christopher I., Andresen, Per A., Avril, Marie Françoise, Azizi, Esther, Soyer, H. Peter, Bataille, Veronique, Dalmasso, Bruna, Bowdler, Lisa M., Burdon, Kathryn P., Chen, Wei V., Codd, Veryan, Craig, Jamie E., Dębniak, Tadeusz, Falchi, Mario, Fang, Shenying, Friedman, Eitan, Simi, Sarah, Galan, Pilar, Garcia-Casado, Zaida, Gillanders, Elizabeth M., Gordon, Scott, Green, Adele, Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Harland, Mark, Harris, Jessica, Helsing, Per, Henders, Anjali, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Hunter, David, Ingvar, Christian, Kumar, Rajiv, Lang, Julie, Lathrop, G. Mark, Lee, Jeffrey E., Li, Xin, Lubiński, Jan, Mackie, Rona M., Malt, Maryrose, Malvehy, Josep, McAloney, Kerrie, Mohamdi, Hamida, Molven, Anders, Moses, Eric K., Neale, Rachel E., Novaković, Srdjan, Nyholt, Dale R., Olsson, Håkan, Orr, Nicholas, Fritsche, Lars G., Puig-Butille, Joan Anton, Qureshi, Abrar A., Radford-Smith, Graham L., Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Requena, Celia, Rowe, Casey, Samani, Nilesh J., Sanna, Marianna, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schulze, Hans Joachim, Simms, Lisa A., Smithers, Mark, Song, Fengju, Swerdlow, Anthony J., van der Stoep, Nienke, Kukutsch, Nicole A., Visconti, Alessia, Wallace, Leanne, Ward, Sarah V., Wheeler, Lawrie, Sturm, Richard A., Hutchinson, Amy, Jones, Kristine, Malasky, Michael, Vogt, Aurelie, Zhou, Weiyin, Pooley, Karen A., Elder, David E., Han, Jiali, Hicks, Belynda, Hayward, Nicholas K., Kanetsky, Peter A., Brummett, Chad, Montgomery, Grant W., Olsen, Catherine M., Hayward, Caroline, Dunning, Alison M., Martin, Nicholas G., Evangelou, Evangelos, Mann, Graham J., Long, Georgina, Pharoah, Paul D.P., Easton, Douglas F., Barrett, Jennifer H., Cust, Anne E., Abecasis, Goncalo, Duffy, David L., Whiteman, David C., Gogas, Helen, De Nicolo, Arcangela, Tucker, Margaret A., Newton-Bishop, Julia A., Peris, Ketty, Chanock, Stephen J., Demenais, Florence, Brown, Kevin M., Puig, Susana, Nagore, Eduardo, Shi, Jianxin, Iles, Mark M., Law, Matthew H., other, and, Landi, Maria Teresa, Bishop, D. Timothy, MacGregor, Stuart, Machiela, Mitchell J., Stratigos, Alexander J., Ghiorzo, Paola, Brossard, Myriam, Calista, Donato, Choi, Jiyeon, Fargnoli, Maria Concetta, Zhang, Tongwu, Rodolfo, Monica, Trower, Adam J., Menin, Chiara, Martinez, Jacobo, Hadjisavvas, Andreas, Song, Lei, Stefanaki, Irene, Scolyer, Richard, Yang, Rose, Goldstein, Alisa M., Potrony, Miriam, Kypreou, Katerina P., Pastorino, Lorenza, Queirolo, Paola, Pellegrini, Cristina, Cattaneo, Laura, Zawistowski, Matthew, Gimenez-Xavier, Pol, Rodriguez, Arantxa, Elefanti, Lisa, Manoukian, Siranoush, Rivoltini, Licia, Smith, Blair H., Loizidou, Maria A., Del Regno, Laura, Massi, Daniela, Mandala, Mario, Khosrotehrani, Kiarash, Akslen, Lars A., Amos, Christopher I., Andresen, Per A., Avril, Marie Françoise, Azizi, Esther, Soyer, H. Peter, Bataille, Veronique, Dalmasso, Bruna, Bowdler, Lisa M., Burdon, Kathryn P., Chen, Wei V., Codd, Veryan, Craig, Jamie E., Dębniak, Tadeusz, Falchi, Mario, Fang, Shenying, Friedman, Eitan, Simi, Sarah, Galan, Pilar, Garcia-Casado, Zaida, Gillanders, Elizabeth M., Gordon, Scott, Green, Adele, Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, Johan, Harland, Mark, Harris, Jessica, Helsing, Per, Henders, Anjali, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Hunter, David, Ingvar, Christian, Kumar, Rajiv, Lang, Julie, Lathrop, G. Mark, Lee, Jeffrey E., Li, Xin, Lubiński, Jan, Mackie, Rona M., Malt, Maryrose, Malvehy, Josep, McAloney, Kerrie, Mohamdi, Hamida, Molven, Anders, Moses, Eric K., Neale, Rachel E., Novaković, Srdjan, Nyholt, Dale R., Olsson, Håkan, Orr, Nicholas, Fritsche, Lars G., Puig-Butille, Joan Anton, Qureshi, Abrar A., Radford-Smith, Graham L., Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Requena, Celia, Rowe, Casey, Samani, Nilesh J., Sanna, Marianna, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schulze, Hans Joachim, Simms, Lisa A., Smithers, Mark, Song, Fengju, Swerdlow, Anthony J., van der Stoep, Nienke, Kukutsch, Nicole A., Visconti, Alessia, Wallace, Leanne, Ward, Sarah V., Wheeler, Lawrie, Sturm, Richard A., Hutchinson, Amy, Jones, Kristine, Malasky, Michael, Vogt, Aurelie, Zhou, Weiyin, Pooley, Karen A., Elder, David E., Han, Jiali, Hicks, Belynda, Hayward, Nicholas K., Kanetsky, Peter A., Brummett, Chad, Montgomery, Grant W., Olsen, Catherine M., Hayward, Caroline, Dunning, Alison M., Martin, Nicholas G., Evangelou, Evangelos, Mann, Graham J., Long, Georgina, Pharoah, Paul D.P., Easton, Douglas F., Barrett, Jennifer H., Cust, Anne E., Abecasis, Goncalo, Duffy, David L., Whiteman, David C., Gogas, Helen, De Nicolo, Arcangela, Tucker, Margaret A., Newton-Bishop, Julia A., Peris, Ketty, Chanock, Stephen J., Demenais, Florence, Brown, Kevin M., Puig, Susana, Nagore, Eduardo, Shi, Jianxin, Iles, Mark M., Law, Matthew H., and other, and
Abstract: Most genetic susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma remains to be discovered. Meta-analysis genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 36,760 cases of melanoma (67% newly genotyped) and 375,188 controls identified 54 significant (P < 5 × 10−8) loci with 68 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of risk estimates across geographical regions and host factors suggests the acral melanoma subtype is uniquely unrelated to pigmentation. Combining this meta-analysis with GWAS of nevus count and hair color, and transcriptome association approaches, uncovered 31 potential secondary loci for a total of 85 cutaneous melanoma susceptibility loci. These findings provide insights into cutaneous melanoma genetic architecture, reinforcing the importance of nevogenesis, pigmentation and telomere maintenance, together with identifying potential new pathways for cutaneous melanoma pathogenesis.
Published: 2020

18. Fine-mapping of 150 breast cancer risk regions identifies 191 likely target genes

Author: Fachal, Laura, Aschard, Hugues, Beesley, Jonathan, Barnes, Daniel R., Allen, Jamie, Kar, Siddhartha, Pooley, Karen A., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Turman, Constance, Soucy, Penny, Lemacon, Audrey, Lush, Michael, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Ghoussaini, Maya, Marjaneh, Mahdi Moradi, Jiang, Xia, Agata, Simona, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Rosario Alonso, M., Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arason, Adalgeir, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L., Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bialkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bolla, Manjeet K., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Bosse, Kristin, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Cai, Qiuyin, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A., Camp, Nicola J., Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Carroll, Jason S., Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Domchek, Susan M., Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Droit, Arnaud, Dubois, Stephane, Dumont, Martine, Duran, Mercedes, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Fletcher, Olivia, Floris, Giuseppe, Flyger, Henrik, Foretova, Lenka, Foulkes, William D., Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gambino, Gaetana, Ganz, Patricia A., Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, Greene, Mark H., Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hartikainen, Jaana M., Hartman, Mikael, He, Wei, Healey, Catherine S., Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M., Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Hulick, Peter J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jager, Agnes, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A., Janavicius, Ramunas, Jankowitz, Rachel C., John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kang, Daehee, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Karlan, Beth Y., Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Kirk, Judy, Kitahara, Cari M., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kwong, Ava, Kyriacou, Kyriacos, Laitman, Yael, Lambrechts, Diether, Lee, Eunjung, Leslie, Goska, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lindblom, Annika, Lo, Wing-Yee, Long, Jirong, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Loud, Jennifer T., Lubinski, Jan, MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martinez, Maria Elena, Matsuo, Keitaro, Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mayes, Rebecca, McGuffog, Lesley, McLean, Catriona, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Miller, Austin, Miller, Nicola, Montagna, Marco, Moreno, Fernando, Muir, Kenneth, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Muranen, Taru A., Narod, Steven A., Nassir, Rami, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Nielsen, Finn C., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Osorio, Ana, Pankratz, V. Shane, Papp, Janos, Park, Sue K., Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Parsons, Michael T., Paul, James, Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peissel, Bernard, Peshkin, Beth, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Prajzendanc, Karolina, Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Pylkas, Katri, Radice, Paolo, Ramus, Susan J., Rantala, Johanna, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Risch, Harvey A., Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Rossing, Maria, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanchez-Herrero, Estela, Sandler, Dale P., Santamarina, Marta, Saunders, Christobel, Sawyer, Elinor J., Scheuner, Maren T., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schoettker, Ben, Schuermann, Peter, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Senter, Leigha, Seynaeve, Caroline M., Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shen, Chen-Yang, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Singer, Christian F., Slavin, Thomas P., Smichkoska, Snezhana, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Spurdle, Amanda B., Stone, Jennifer, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Sutter, Christian, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tan, Yen Yen, Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Teixeira, Manuel R., Tengstroem, Maria, Teo, Soo Hwang, Terry, Mary Beth, Teul, Alex, Thomassen, Mads, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Toland, Amanda E., Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Torres, Diana, Torres-Mejia, Gabriela, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Vachon, Celine M., van Asperen, Christi J., van der Kolk, Lizet E., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Vijai, Joseph, Vogel, Maartje J., Wang, Qin, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weinberg, Clarice R., Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wildiers, Hans, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Hunter, David, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Milne, Roger L., Kristensen, Vessela N., French, Juliet D., Edwards, Stacey L., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Simard, Jacques, Easton, Douglas F., Kraft, Peter, Dunning, Alison M., Mari, Veronique, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Lallaoui, Hakima, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Revillion, Francoise, Vennin, Paul, Muller, Daniele, Gomes, Denise Molina, Ingster, Olivier, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Bera, Odile, Rose, Mickaelle, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Faivre, Laurence, Dreyfus, Hlne, Leroux, Dominique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Chiesa, Jean, Gilbert-Dussardier, Brigitte, Gesta, Paul, Prieur, Fabienne Prieur, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Coulet, Florence, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Melanie, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Jiao, Yue, Lesueur, Fabienne Lesueur, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Toulas, Christine, Reimineras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Cabaret, Odile, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Rouleau, Etienne, Belotti, Muriel, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Colas, Chrystelle, De Pauw, Antoine, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Moncoutier, Virginie, Saule, Claire, Donaldson, Alan, Murray, Alex, Brady, Angela, Brewer, Carole, Pottinger, Caroline, Miller, Clare, Gallagher, David, Gregory, Helen, Cook, Jackie, Eason, Jacqueline, Adlard, Julian, Barwell, Julian, Ong, Kai-Ren, Snape, Katie, Walker, Lisa, Izatt, Louise, Side, Lucy, Rogers, Mark T., Porteous, Mary E., Ahmed, Munaza, Morrison, Patrick J., Brennan, Paul, Eeles, Ros, Davidson, Rosemarie, Sexton, Adrienne, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Spigelman, Allan, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christine, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Neidermayr, Eveline, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Hickie, Ian, Winship, Ingrid, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbes, John, Hopper, John, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Price, Melanie, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Scott, Rodney, Milne, Roger, Balleine, Rosemary, Dawson, SarahJane, Lok, Sheau, O'Connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, Mclachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Antill, Yoland, Aalfs, Cora, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, van Engelen, Klaartje, Gille, Hans, Boere, Ingrid, Collee, Margriet, van Deurzen, Carolien, Hooning, Maartje, Obdeijn, Inge-Marie, van den Ouweland, Ans, Seynaeve, Caroline, Siesling, Sabine, Verloop, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, van Cronenburg, Twiggy, Blok, Rien, de Boer, Maaike, Garcia, Encarna Gomez, Adank, Muriel, Hogervorst, Frans, Jenner, Denise, van Leeuwen, Flora, Rookus, Matti, Russell, Nicola, Schmidt, Marjanka, van den Belt-Dusebout, Sandra, Kets, Carolien, Mensenkamp, Arjen, de Bock, Truuske, van Der Hout, Annemieke, Mourits, Marian, Oosterwijk, Jan, Ausems, Margreet, Koudijs, Marco, Marsh, Deborah, Baxter, Robert, Yip, Desmond, Carpenter, Jane, Davis, Alison, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Simpson, Peter, Graham, Dinny, Sachchithananthan, Mythily, Fachal, Laura, Aschard, Hugues, Beesley, Jonathan, Barnes, Daniel R., Allen, Jamie, Kar, Siddhartha, Pooley, Karen A., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Turman, Constance, Soucy, Penny, Lemacon, Audrey, Lush, Michael, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Ghoussaini, Maya, Marjaneh, Mahdi Moradi, Jiang, Xia, Agata, Simona, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Rosario Alonso, M., Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arason, Adalgeir, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L., Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bialkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bolla, Manjeet K., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Bosse, Kristin, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Cai, Qiuyin, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A., Camp, Nicola J., Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Carroll, Jason S., Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Domchek, Susan M., Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Droit, Arnaud, Dubois, Stephane, Dumont, Martine, Duran, Mercedes, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Fletcher, Olivia, Floris, Giuseppe, Flyger, Henrik, Foretova, Lenka, Foulkes, William D., Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gambino, Gaetana, Ganz, Patricia A., Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, Greene, Mark H., Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hartikainen, Jaana M., Hartman, Mikael, He, Wei, Healey, Catherine S., Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M., Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Hulick, Peter J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jager, Agnes, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A., Janavicius, Ramunas, Jankowitz, Rachel C., John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kang, Daehee, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Karlan, Beth Y., Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Kirk, Judy, Kitahara, Cari M., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kwong, Ava, Kyriacou, Kyriacos, Laitman, Yael, Lambrechts, Diether, Lee, Eunjung, Leslie, Goska, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lindblom, Annika, Lo, Wing-Yee, Long, Jirong, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Loud, Jennifer T., Lubinski, Jan, MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martinez, Maria Elena, Matsuo, Keitaro, Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mayes, Rebecca, McGuffog, Lesley, McLean, Catriona, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Miller, Austin, Miller, Nicola, Montagna, Marco, Moreno, Fernando, Muir, Kenneth, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Muranen, Taru A., Narod, Steven A., Nassir, Rami, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Nielsen, Finn C., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Osorio, Ana, Pankratz, V. 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E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Torres, Diana, Torres-Mejia, Gabriela, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Vachon, Celine M., van Asperen, Christi J., van der Kolk, Lizet E., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Vijai, Joseph, Vogel, Maartje J., Wang, Qin, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weinberg, Clarice R., Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wildiers, Hans, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Hunter, David, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Milne, Roger L., Kristensen, Vessela N., French, Juliet D., Edwards, Stacey L., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Simard, Jacques, Easton, Douglas F., Kraft, Peter, Dunning, Alison M., Mari, Veronique, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Lallaoui, Hakima, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Revillion, Francoise, Vennin, Paul, Muller, Daniele, Gomes, Denise Molina, Ingster, Olivier, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Bera, Odile, Rose, Mickaelle, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Faivre, Laurence, Dreyfus, Hlne, Leroux, Dominique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Chiesa, Jean, Gilbert-Dussardier, Brigitte, Gesta, Paul, Prieur, Fabienne Prieur, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Coulet, Florence, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Melanie, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Jiao, Yue, Lesueur, Fabienne Lesueur, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Toulas, Christine, Reimineras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Cabaret, Odile, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Rouleau, Etienne, Belotti, Muriel, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Colas, Chrystelle, De Pauw, Antoine, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Moncoutier, Virginie, Saule, Claire, Donaldson, Alan, Murray, Alex, Brady, Angela, Brewer, Carole, Pottinger, Caroline, Miller, Clare, Gallagher, David, Gregory, Helen, Cook, Jackie, Eason, Jacqueline, Adlard, Julian, Barwell, Julian, Ong, Kai-Ren, Snape, Katie, Walker, Lisa, Izatt, Louise, Side, Lucy, Rogers, Mark T., Porteous, Mary E., Ahmed, Munaza, Morrison, Patrick J., Brennan, Paul, Eeles, Ros, Davidson, Rosemarie, Sexton, Adrienne, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Spigelman, Allan, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christine, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Neidermayr, Eveline, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Hickie, Ian, Winship, Ingrid, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbes, John, Hopper, John, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Price, Melanie, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Scott, Rodney, Milne, Roger, Balleine, Rosemary, Dawson, SarahJane, Lok, Sheau, O'Connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, Mclachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Antill, Yoland, Aalfs, Cora, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, van Engelen, Klaartje, Gille, Hans, Boere, Ingrid, Collee, Margriet, van Deurzen, Carolien, Hooning, Maartje, Obdeijn, Inge-Marie, van den Ouweland, Ans, Seynaeve, Caroline, Siesling, Sabine, Verloop, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, van Cronenburg, Twiggy, Blok, Rien, de Boer, Maaike, Garcia, Encarna Gomez, Adank, Muriel, Hogervorst, Frans, Jenner, Denise, van Leeuwen, Flora, Rookus, Matti, Russell, Nicola, Schmidt, Marjanka, van den Belt-Dusebout, Sandra, Kets, Carolien, Mensenkamp, Arjen, de Bock, Truuske, van Der Hout, Annemieke, Mourits, Marian, Oosterwijk, Jan, Ausems, Margreet, Koudijs, Marco, Marsh, Deborah, Baxter, Robert, Yip, Desmond, Carpenter, Jane, Davis, Alison, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Simpson, Peter, Graham, Dinny, and Sachchithananthan, Mythily
Abstract: Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions. Genome-wide association studies have identified breast cancer risk variants in over 150 genomic regions, but the mechanisms underlying risk remain largely unknown. These regions were explored by combining association analysis with in silico genomic feature annotations. We defined 205 independent risk-associated signals with the set of credible causal variants in each one. In parallel, we used a Bayesian approach (PAINTOR) that combines genetic association, linkage disequilibrium and enriched genomic features to determine variants with high posterior probabilities of being causal. Potentially causal variants were significantly over-represented in active gene regulatory regions and transcription factor binding sites. We applied our INQUSIT pipeline for prioritizing genes as targets of those potentially causal variants, using gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci), chromatin interaction and functional annotations. Known cancer drivers, transcription factors and genes in the developmental, apoptosis, immune system and DNA integrity checkpoint gene ontology pathways were over-represented among the highest-confidence target genes.
Published: 2020

19. Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes

Author: Campbell, Peter J., Getz, Gad, Korbel, Jan O., Stuart, Joshua M., Jennings, Jennifer L., Stein, Lincoln D., Perry, Marc D., Nahal-Bose, Hardeep K., Ouellette, B. F. Francis, Li, Constance H., Rheinbay, Esther, Nielsen, G. Petur, Sgroi, Dennis C., Wu, Chin-Lee, Faquin, William C., Deshpande, Vikram, Boutros, Paul C., Lazar, Alexander J., Hoadley, Katherine A., Louis, David N., Dursi, L. Jonathan, Yung, Christina K., Bailey, Matthew H., Saksena, Gordon, Raine, Keiran M., Buchhalter, Ivo, Kleinheinz, Kortine, Schlesner, Matthias, Zhang, Junjun, Wang, Wenyi, Wheeler, David A., Ding, Li, Simpson, Jared T., O'Connor, Brian D., Yakneen, Sergei, Ellrott, Kyle, Miyoshi, Naoki, Butler, Adam P., Royo, Romina, Shorser, Solomon, I, Vazquez, Miguel, Rausch, Tobias, Tiao, Grace, Waszak, Sebastian M., Rodriguez-Martin, Bernardo, Shringarpure, Suyash, Wu, Dai-Ying, Demidov, German M., Delaneau, Olivier, Hayashi, Shuto, Imoto, Seiya, Habermann, Nina, Segre, Ayellet, V, Garrison, Erik, Cafferkey, Andy, Alvarez, Eva G., Maria Heredia-Genestar, Jose, Muyas, Francesc, Drechsel, Oliver, Bruzos, Alicia L., Temes, Javier, Zamora, Jorge, Baez-Ortega, Adrian, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Mashl, R. Jay, Ye, Kai, DiBiase, Anthony, Huang, Kuan-lin, Letunic, Ivica, McLellan, Michael D., Newhouse, Steven J., Shmaya, Tal, Kumar, Sushant, Wedge, David C., Wright, Mark H., Yellapantula, Venkata D., Gerstein, Mark, Khurana, Ekta, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Navarro, Arcadi, Bustamante, Carlos D., Siebert, Reiner, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Easton, Douglas F., Ossowski, Stephan, Tubio, Jose M. C., De La Vega, Francisco M., Estivill, Xavier, Yuen, Denis, Mihaiescu, George L., Omberg, Larsson, Ferretti, Vincent, Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan, Pich, Oriol, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Weiner, Amaro Taylor, Fittall, Matthew W., Demeulemeester, Jonas, Tarabichi, Maxime, Roberts, Nicola D., Van Loo, Peter, Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro, Urban, Lara, Park, Peter, Pitkaenen, Esa, Li, Yilong, Saini, Natalie, Klimczak, Leszek J., Weischenfeldt, Joachim, Sidiropoulos, Nikos, Alexandrov, Ludmil B., Rabionet, Raquel, Escaramis, Georgia, Bosio, Mattia, Holik, Aliaksei Z., Susak, Hana, Prasad, Aparna, Erkek, Serap, Calabrese, Claudia, Raeder, Benjamin, Harrington, Eoghan, Mayes, Simon, Turner, Daniel, Juul, Sissel, Roberts, Steven A., Song, Lei, Koster, Roelof, Mirabello, Lisa, Hua, Xing, Tanskanen, Tomas J., Tojo, Marta, Chen, Jieming, Aaltonen, Lauri A., Ratsch, Gunnar, Schwarz, Roland F., Butte, Atul J., Brazma, Alvis, Chanock, Stephen J., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Stegle, Oliver, Harismendy, Olivier, Bova, G. 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C., Wadelius, Claes, Wadi, Lina, Warrell, Jonathan, Wu, Guanming, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Jing, Zhang, Xuanping, Zhang, Yan, Zhao, Zhongming, Zou, Lihua, Lawrence, Michael S., Raphael, Benjamin J., Bailey, Peter J., Craft, David, Goldman, Mary J., Aburatani, Hiroyuki, Binder, Hans, Dinh, Huy Q., Heath, Simon C., Hoffmann, Steve, Imbusch, Charles David, Kretzmer, Helene, Laird, Peter W., Martin-Subero, Jose, I, Nagae, Genta, Shen, Hui, Wang, Qi, Weichenhan, Dieter, Zhou, Wanding, Berman, Benjamin P., Brors, Benedikt, Plass, Christoph, Akdemir, Kadir C., Bowtell, David D. L., Burns, Kathleen H., Busanovich, John, Chan, Kin, Dueso-Barroso, Ana, Edwards, Paul A., Etemadmoghadam, Dariush, Haber, James E., Jones, David T. W., Ju, Young Seok, Kazanov, Marat D., Koh, Youngil, Kumar, Kiran, Lee, Eunjung Alice, Lee, Jake June-Koo, Lynch, Andy G., Macintyre, Geoff, Markowetz, Florian, Navarro, Fabio C. P., Pearson, John, V, Rippe, Karsten, Scully, Ralph, Villasante, Izar, Waddell, Nicola, Yang, Lixing, Yao, Xiaotong, Yoon, Sung-Soo, Zhang, Cheng-Zhong, Bergstrom, Erik N., Boot, Arnoud, Covington, Kyle, Fujimoto, Akihiro, Huang, Mi Ni, Islam, S. M. Ashiqul, McPherson, John R., Morganella, Sandro, Mustonen, Ville, Ng, Alvin Wei Tian, Prokopec, Stephenie D., Vazquez-Garcia, Ignacio, Wu, Yang, Yousif, Fouad, Yu, Willie, Rozen, Steven G., Rudneva, Vasilisa A., Shringarpure, Suyash S., Turner, Daniel J., Xia, Tian, Atwal, Gurnit, Chang, David K., Cooke, Susanna L., Faltas, Bishoy M., Haider, Syed, Kaiser, Vera B., Karlic, Rosa, Kato, Mamoru, Kubler, Kirsten, Margolin, Adam, Martin, Sancha, Nik-Zainal, Serena, P'ng, Christine, Semple, Colin A., Smith, Jaclyn, Sun, Ren X., Thai, Kevin, Wright, Derek W., Yuan, Ke, Biankin, Andrew, V, Garraway, Levi, Grimmond, Sean M., Adams, David J., Anur, Pavana, Cao, Shaolong, Christie, Elizabeth L., Cmero, Marek, Cun, Yupeng, Dawson, Kevin J., Dentro, Stefan C., Deshwar, Amit G., Donmez, Nilgun, Drews, Ruben M., Gerstung, Moritz, Ha, Gavin, Haase, Kerstin, Jerman, Lara, Ji, Yuan, Jolly, Clemency, Lee, Juhee, Lee-Six, Henry, Malikic, Salem, Mitchell, Thomas J., Morris, Quaid D., Oesper, Layla, Peifer, Martin, Peto, Myron, Rosebrock, Daniel, Rubanova, Yulia, Salcedo, Adriana, Sengupta, Subhajit, Shi, Ruian, Shin, Seung Jun, Spiro, Oliver, Vembu, Shankar, Wintersinger, Jeffrey A., Yang, Tsun-Po, Yu, Kaixian, Zhu, Hongtu, Spellman, Paul T., Weinstein, John N., Chen, Yiwen, Fujita, Masashi, Han, Leng, Hasegawa, Takanori, Komura, Mitsuhiro, Li, Jun, Mizuno, Shinichi, Shimizu, Eigo, Wang, Yumeng, Xu, Yanxun, Yamaguchi, Rui, Yang, Fan, Yang, Yang, Yoon, Christopher J., Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Han, Alawi, Malik, Borozan, Ivan, Brewer, Daniel S., Cooper, Colin S., Desai, Nikita, Grundhoff, Adam, Iskar, Murat, Su, Xiaoping, Zapatka, Marc, Lichter, Peter, Alsop, Kathryn, Bruxner, Timothy J. C., Christ, Angelika N., Cordner, Stephen M., Cowin, Prue A., Drapkin, Ronny, Fereday, Sian, George, Joshy, Hamilton, Anne, Holmes, Oliver, Hung, Jillian A., Kassahn, Karin S., Kazakoff, Stephen H., Kennedy, Catherine J., Leonard, Conrad R., Mileshkin, Linda, Miller, David K., Arnau, Gisela Mir, Mitchell, Chris, Newell, Felicity, Nones, Katia, Patch, Ann-Marie, Quinn, Michael C., Taylor, Darrin F., Thorne, Heather, Traficante, Nadia, Vedururu, Ravikiran, Waddell, Nick M., Waring, Paul M., Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, DeFazio, Anna, Anderson, Matthew J., Antonello, Davide, Barbour, Andrew P., Bassi, Claudio, Bersani, Samantha, Cataldo, Ivana, Chantrill, Lorraine A., Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chou, Angela, Cingarlini, Sara, Cloonan, Nicole, Corbo, Vincenzo, Davi, Maria Vittoria, Duthie, Fraser R., Gill, Anthony J., Graham, Janet S., Harliwong, Ivon, Jamieson, Nigel B., Johns, Amber L., Kench, James G., Landoni, Luca, Lawlor, Rita T., Mafficini, Andrea, Merrett, Neil D., Miotto, Marco, Musgrove, Elizabeth A., Nagrial, Adnan M., Oien, Karin A., Pajic, Marina, Pinese, Mark, Robertson, Alan J., Rooman, Ilse, Rusev, Borislav C., Samra, Jaswinder S., Scardoni, Maria, Scarlett, Christopher J., Scarpa, Aldo, Sereni, Elisabetta, Sikora, Katarzyna O., Simbolo, Michele, Taschuk, Morgan L., Toon, Christopher W., Vicentini, Caterina, Wu, Jianmin, Zeps, Nikolajs, Behren, Andreas, Burke, Hazel, Cebon, Jonathan, Dagg, Rebecca A., De Paoli-Iseppi, Ricardo, Dutton-Regester, Ken, Field, Matthew A., Fitzgerald, Anna, Hersey, Peter, Jakrot, Valerie, Johansson, Peter A., Kakavand, Hojabr, Kefford, Richard F., Lau, Loretta M. S., Long, Georgina, V, Pickett, Hilda A., Pritchard, Antonia L., Pupo, Gulietta M., Saw, Robyn P. M., Schramm, Sarah-Jane, Shang, Catherine A., Shang, Ping, Spillane, Andrew J., Stretch, Jonathan R., Tembe, Varsha, Thompson, John F., Vilain, Ricardo E., Wilmott, James S., Yang, Jean Y., Hayward, Nicholas K., Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Bartlett, John, Bavi, Prashant, Chadwick, Dianne E., Chan-Seng-Yue, Michelle, Cleary, Sean, Connor, Ashton A., Czajka, Karolina, Denroche, Robert E., Dhani, Neesha C., Eagles, Jenna, Gallinger, Steven, Grant, Robert C., Hedley, David, Hollingsworth, Michael A., Jang, Gun Ho, Johns, Jeremy, Kalimuthu, Sangeetha, Liang, Sheng-Ben, Lungu, Ilinca, Luo, Xuemei, Mbabaali, Faridah, McPherson, Treasa A., Miller, Jessica K., Moore, Malcolm J., Notta, Faiyaz, Pasternack, Danielle, Petersen, Gloria M., Roehrl, Michael H. A., Sam, Michelle, Selander, Iris, Serra, Stefano, Shahabi, Sagedeh, Thayer, Sarah P., Timms, Lee E., Wilson, Gavin W., Wilson, Julie M., Wouters, Bradly G., McPherson, John D., Beck, Timothy A., Bhandari, Vinayak, Collins, Colin C., Fleshner, Neil E., Fox, Natalie S., Fraser, Michael, Heisler, Lawrence E., Lalonde, Emilie, Livingstone, Julie, Meng, Alice, Sabelnykova, Veronica Y., Shiah, Yu-Jia, Van Der Kwast, Theodorus, Bristow, Robert G., Ding, Shuai, Fan, Daiming, Li, Lin, Nie, Yongzhan, Xiao, Xiao, Xing, Rui, Yang, Shanlin, Yu, Yingyan, Zhou, Yong, Banks, Rosamonde E., Bourque, Guillaume, Brennan, Paul, Letourneau, Louis, Riazalhosseini, Yasser, Scelo, Ghislaine, Vasudev, Naveen, Viksna, Juris, Lathrop, Mark, Tost, Jorg, Ahn, Sung-Min, Aparicio, Samuel, Arnould, Laurent, Aure, M. R., Bhosle, Shriram G., Birney, Ewan, Borg, Ake, Boyault, Sandrine, Brinkman, Arie B., Brock, Jane E., Broeks, Annegien, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Caldas, Carlos, Chin, Suet-Feung, Davies, Helen, Desmedt, Christine, Dirix, Luc, Dronov, Serge, Ehinger, Anna, Eyfjord, Jorunn E., Fatima, Aquila, Foekens, John A., Futreal, P. Andrew, Garred, Oystein, Giri, Dilip D., Glodzik, Dominik, Grabau, Dorthe, Hilmarsdottir, Holmfridur, Hooijer, Gerrit K., Jacquemier, Jocelyne, Jang, Se Jin, Jonasson, Jon G., Jonkers, Jos, Kim, Hyung-Yong, King, Tari A., Knappskog, Stian, Kong, Gu, Krishnamurthy, Savitri, Lakhani, Sunil R., Langerod, Anita, Larsimont, Denis, Lee, Hee Jin, Lee, Jeong-Yeon, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Lingjaerde, Ole Christian, MacGrogan, Gaetan, Martens, John W. M., O'Meara, Sarah, Pauporte, Iris, Pinder, Sarah, Pivot, Xavier, Provenzano, Elena, Purdie, Colin A., Ramakrishna, Manasa, Ramakrishnan, Kamna, Reis-Filho, Jorge, Richardson, Andrea L., Ringner, Markus, Rodriguez, Javier Bartolome, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. German, Romieu, Gilles, Salgado, Roberto, Sauer, Torill, Shepherd, Rebecca, Sieuwerts, Anieta M., Simpson, Peter T., Smid, Marcel, Sotiriou, Christos, Span, Paul N., Stefansson, Olafur Andri, Stenhouse, Alasdair, Stunnenberg, Henk G., Sweep, Fred, Tan, Benita Kiat Tee, Thomas, Gilles, Thompson, Alastair M., Tommasi, Stefania, Treilleux, Isabelle, Tutt, Andrew, Ueno, Naoto T., Van Laere, Steven, Van den Eynden, Gert G., Vermeulen, Peter, Viari, Alain, Vincent-Salomon, Anne, Wong, Bernice H., Yates, Lucy, Zou, Xueqing, van Deurzen, Carolien H. M., van de Vijver, Marc J., van't Veer, Laura, Ammerpohl, Ole, Aukema, Sietse, Bergmann, Anke K., Bernhart, Stephan H., Borkhardt, Arndt, Borst, Christoph, Burkhardt, Birgit, Claviez, Alexander, Goebler, Maria Elisabeth, Haake, Andrea, Haas, Siegfried, Hansmann, Martin, Hoell, Jessica, I, Hummel, Michael, Karsch, Dennis, Klapper, Wolfram, Kneba, Michael, Kreuz, Markus, Kube, Dieter, Kueppers, Ralf, Lenze, Dido, Loeffler, Markus, Lopez, Cristina, Mantovani-Loeffler, Luisa, Moeller, Peter, Ott, German, Radlwimmer, Bernhard, Richter, Julia, Rohde, Marius, Rosenstiel, Philip C., Rosenwald, Andreas, Schilhabel, Markus B., Schreiber, Stefan, Stadler, Peter F., Staib, Peter, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Sungalee, Stephanie, Szczepanowski, Monika, Toprak, Umut H., Truemper, Lorenz H. P., Wagener, Rabea, Zenz, Thorsten, Hovestadt, Volker, von Kalle, Christof, Kool, Marcel, Korshunov, Andrey, Landgraf, Pablo, Lehrach, Hans, Northcott, Paul A., Pfister, Stefan M., Reifenberger, Guido, Warnatz, Hans-Joerg, Wolf, Stephan, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Assenov, Yassen, Gerhauser, Clarissa, Minner, Sarah, Schlomm, Thorsten, Simon, Ronald, Sauter, Guido, Sueltmann, Holger, Biswas, Nidhan K., Maitra, Arindam, Majumder, Partha P., Sarin, Rajiv, Barbi, Stefano, Bonizzato, Giada, Cantu, Cinzia, Dei Tos, Angelo P., Fassan, Matteo, Grimaldi, Sonia, Luchini, Claudio, Malleo, Giuseppe, Marchegiani, Giovanni, Milella, Michele, Paiella, Salvatore, Pea, Antonio, Pederzoli, Paolo, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Salvia, Roberto, Sperandio, Nicola, Arai, Yasuhito, Hama, Natsuko, Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi, Hosoda, Fumie, Nakamura, Hiromi, Ojima, Hidenori, Okusaka, Takuji, Totoki, Yasushi, Urushidate, Tomoko, Fukayama, Masashi, Ishikawa, Shumpei, Katai, Hitoshi, Katoh, Hiroto, Komura, Daisuke, Rokutan, Hirofumi, Saito-Adachi, Mihoko, Suzuki, Akihiro, Taniguchi, Hirokazu, Tatsuno, Kenji, Ushiku, Tetsuo, Yachida, Shinichi, Yamamoto, Shogo, Aikata, Hiroshi, Arihiro, Koji, Ariizumi, Shun-ichi, Chayama, Kazuaki, Furuta, Mayuko, Gotoh, Kunihito, Hayami, Shinya, Hirano, Satoshi, Kawakami, Yoshiiku, Maejima, Kazuhiro, Nakamura, Toru, Nakano, Kaoru, Ohdan, Hideki, Sasaki-Oku, Aya, Tanaka, Hiroko, Ueno, Masaki, Yamamoto, Masakazu, Yamaue, Hiroki, Choo, Su Pin, Cutcutache, Ioana, Khuntikeo, Narong, Ong, Choon Kiat, Pairojkul, Chawalit, Popescu, Irinel, Ahn, Keun Soo, Aymerich, Marta, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Lopez-Otin, Carlos, Puente, Xose S., Campo, Elias, Amary, Fernanda, Baumhoer, Daniel, Behjati, Sam, Bjerkehagen, Bodil, Futreal, P. A., Myklebost, Ola, Pillay, Nischalan, Tarpey, Patrick, Tirabosco, Roberto, Zaikova, Olga, Flanagan, Adrienne M., Boultwood, Jacqueline, Bowen, David T., Cazzola, Mario, Green, Anthony R., Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva, Malcovati, Luca, Nangalia, Jyoti, Papaemmanuil, Elli, Vyas, Paresh, Ang, Yeng, Barr, Hugh, Beardsmore, Duncan, Eldridge, Matthew, Gossage, James, Grehan, Nicola, Hanna, George B., Hayes, Stephen J., Hupp, Ted R., Khoo, David, Lagergren, Jesper, Lovat, Laurence B., MacRae, Shona, O'Donovan, Maria, O'Neill, J. Robert, Parsons, Simon L., Preston, Shaun R., Puig, Sonia, Roques, Tom, Sanders, Grant, Sothi, Sharmila, Tavare, Simon, Tucker, Olga, Turkington, Richard, Underwood, Timothy J., Welch, Ian, Fitzgerald, Rebecca C., Berney, Daniel M., De Bono, Johann S., Cahill, Declan, Camacho, Niedzica, Dennis, Nening M., Dudderidge, Tim, Edwards, Sandra E., Fisher, Cyril, Foster, Christopher S., Ghori, Mohammed, Gill, Pelvender, Gnanapragasam, Vincent J., Gundem, Gunes, Hamdy, Freddie C., Hawkins, Steve, Hazell, Steven, Howat, William, Isaacs, William B., Karaszi, Katalin, Kay, Jonathan D., Khoo, Vincent, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Kremeyer, Barbara, Kumar, Pardeep, Lambert, Adam, Leongamornlert, Daniel A., Livni, Naomi, Lu, Yong-Jie, Luxton, Hayley J., Marsden, Luke, Massie, Charlie E., Matthews, Lucy, Mayer, Erik, McDermott, Ultan, Merson, Sue, Neal, David E., Ng, Anthony, Nicol, David, Ogden, Christopher, Rowe, Edward W., Shah, Nimish C., Thomas, Sarah, Thompson, Alan, Verrill, Clare, Visakorpi, Tapio, Warren, Anne Y., Whitaker, Hayley C., Zhang, Hongwei, van As, Nicholas, Eeles, Rosalind A., Abeshouse, Adam, Agrawal, Nishant, Akbani, Rehan, Al Ahmadie, Hikmat, Albert, Monique, Aldape, Kenneth, Ally, Adrian, Appelbaum, Elizabeth L., Armenia, Joshua, Asa, Sylvia, Auman, J. Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bathe, Oliver F., Baylin, Stephen B., Benz, Christopher, Berchuck, Andrew, Berrios, Mario, Bigner, Darell, Birrer, Michael, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S., Bosenberg, Marcus, Bowlby, Reanne, Boyd, Jeffrey, Broaddus, Russell R., Brock, Malcolm, Brooks, Denise, Bullman, Susan, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J., Carey, Thomas E., Carlsen, Rebecca, Cerfolio, Robert, Chandan, Vishal S., Chen, Hsiao-Wei, Cherniack, Andrew D., Chien, Jeremy, Cho, Juok, Chuah, Eric, Cibulskis, Carrie, Cope, Leslie, Cordes, Matthew G., Curley, Erin, Czerniak, Bogdan, Danilova, Ludmila, Davis, Ian J., Defreitas, Timothy, Demchok, John A., Dhalla, Noreen, Dhir, Rajiv, Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan, El-Naggar, Adel, Felau, Ina, Ferguson, Martin L., Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Fong, Kwun M., Frazer, Scott, Friedman, William, Fronick, Catrina C., Fulton, Lucinda A., Gabriel, Stacey B., Gao, Jianjiong, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gershenwald, Jeffrey E., Ghossein, Ronald, Giama, Nasra H., Gibbs, Richard A., Gomez, Carmen, Govindan, Ramaswamy, Hayes, D. Neil, Hegde, Apurva M., Heiman, David, I, Heins, Zachary, Hepperla, Austin J., Holbrook, Andrea, Holt, Robert A., Hoyle, Alan P., Hruban, Ralph H., Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Mei, Huntsman, David, Huse, Jason, Donahue, Christine A. Iacobuzio, Ittmann, Michael, Jayaseelan, Joy C., Jefferys, Stuart R., Jones, Corbin D., Jones, Steven J. M., Juhl, Hartmut, Kang, Koo Jeong, Karlan, Beth, Kasaian, Katayoon, Kebebew, Electron, Kim, Hark Kyun, Korchina, Viktoriya, Kundra, Ritika, Lai, Phillip H., Lander, Eric, Le, Xuan, Lee, Darlene, Levine, Douglas A., Lewis, Lora, Ley, Tim, Li, Haiyan Irene, Lin, Pei, Linehan, W. M., Liu, Fei Fei, Lu, Yiling, Lype, Lisa, Ma, Yussanne, Maglinte, Dennis T., Mardis, Elaine R., Marks, Jeffrey, Marra, Marco A., Matthew, Thomas J., Mayo, Michael, McCune, Karen, Meier, Samuel R., Meng, Shaowu, Mieczkowski, Piotr A., Mikkelsen, Tom, Miller, Christopher A., Mills, Gordon B., Moore, Richard A., Morrison, Carl, Mose, Lisle E., Moser, Catherine D., Mungall, Andrew J., Mungall, Karen, Mutch, David, Muzny, Donna M., Myers, Jerome, Newton, Yulia, Noble, Michael S., O'Donnell, Peter, O'Neill, Brian Patrick, Ochoa, Angelica, Park, Joong-Won, Parker, Joel S., Pass, Harvey, Pastore, Alessandro, Pennell, Nathan A., Perou, Charles M., Petrelli, Nicholas, Potapova, Olga, Rader, Janet S., Ramalingam, Suresh, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Reuter, Victor, Reynolds, Sheila M., Ringel, Matthew, Roach, Jeffrey, Roberts, Lewis R., Robertson, A. Gordon, Sadeghi, Sara, Saller, Charles, Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schein, Jacqueline E., Schmidt, Heather K., Schultz, Nikolaus, Seethala, Raja, Senbabaoglu, Yasin, Shelton, Troy, Shi, Yan, Shih, Juliann, Shmulevich, Ilya, Shriver, Craig, Signoretti, Sabina, Simons, Janae, V, Singer, Samuel, Sipahimalani, Payal, Skelly, Tara J., McCune, Karen Smith, Socci, Nicholas D., Soloway, Matthew G., Sood, Anil K., Tam, Angela, Tan, Donghui, Tarnuzzer, Roy, Thiessen, Nina, Thompson, R. Houston, Thorne, Leigh B., Tsao, Ming, Umbricht, Christopher, Van Den Berg, David J., Van Meir, Erwin G., Veluvolu, Umadevi, Voet, Douglas, Wang, Linghua, Weinberger, Paul, Weisenberger, Daniel J., Wigle, Dennis, Wilkerson, Matthew D., Wilson, Richard K., Winterhoff, Boris, Wiznerowicz, Maciej, Wong, Tina, Wong, Winghing, Xi, Liu, Yau, Christina, Zhang, Hailei, Zhang, Hongxin, Zhang, Jiashan, Campbell, Peter J., Getz, Gad, Korbel, Jan O., Stuart, Joshua M., Jennings, Jennifer L., Stein, Lincoln D., Perry, Marc D., Nahal-Bose, Hardeep K., Ouellette, B. F. Francis, Li, Constance H., Rheinbay, Esther, Nielsen, G. Petur, Sgroi, Dennis C., Wu, Chin-Lee, Faquin, William C., Deshpande, Vikram, Boutros, Paul C., Lazar, Alexander J., Hoadley, Katherine A., Louis, David N., Dursi, L. Jonathan, Yung, Christina K., Bailey, Matthew H., Saksena, Gordon, Raine, Keiran M., Buchhalter, Ivo, Kleinheinz, Kortine, Schlesner, Matthias, Zhang, Junjun, Wang, Wenyi, Wheeler, David A., Ding, Li, Simpson, Jared T., O'Connor, Brian D., Yakneen, Sergei, Ellrott, Kyle, Miyoshi, Naoki, Butler, Adam P., Royo, Romina, Shorser, Solomon, I, Vazquez, Miguel, Rausch, Tobias, Tiao, Grace, Waszak, Sebastian M., Rodriguez-Martin, Bernardo, Shringarpure, Suyash, Wu, Dai-Ying, Demidov, German M., Delaneau, Olivier, Hayashi, Shuto, Imoto, Seiya, Habermann, Nina, Segre, Ayellet, V, Garrison, Erik, Cafferkey, Andy, Alvarez, Eva G., Maria Heredia-Genestar, Jose, Muyas, Francesc, Drechsel, Oliver, Bruzos, Alicia L., Temes, Javier, Zamora, Jorge, Baez-Ortega, Adrian, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Mashl, R. Jay, Ye, Kai, DiBiase, Anthony, Huang, Kuan-lin, Letunic, Ivica, McLellan, Michael D., Newhouse, Steven J., Shmaya, Tal, Kumar, Sushant, Wedge, David C., Wright, Mark H., Yellapantula, Venkata D., Gerstein, Mark, Khurana, Ekta, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Navarro, Arcadi, Bustamante, Carlos D., Siebert, Reiner, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Easton, Douglas F., Ossowski, Stephan, Tubio, Jose M. C., De La Vega, Francisco M., Estivill, Xavier, Yuen, Denis, Mihaiescu, George L., Omberg, Larsson, Ferretti, Vincent, Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan, Pich, Oriol, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Weiner, Amaro Taylor, Fittall, Matthew W., Demeulemeester, Jonas, Tarabichi, Maxime, Roberts, Nicola D., Van Loo, Peter, Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro, Urban, Lara, Park, Peter, Pitkaenen, Esa, Li, Yilong, Saini, Natalie, Klimczak, Leszek J., Weischenfeldt, Joachim, Sidiropoulos, Nikos, Alexandrov, Ludmil B., Rabionet, Raquel, Escaramis, Georgia, Bosio, Mattia, Holik, Aliaksei Z., Susak, Hana, Prasad, Aparna, Erkek, Serap, Calabrese, Claudia, Raeder, Benjamin, Harrington, Eoghan, Mayes, Simon, Turner, Daniel, Juul, Sissel, Roberts, Steven A., Song, Lei, Koster, Roelof, Mirabello, Lisa, Hua, Xing, Tanskanen, Tomas J., Tojo, Marta, Chen, Jieming, Aaltonen, Lauri A., Ratsch, Gunnar, Schwarz, Roland F., Butte, Atul J., Brazma, Alvis, Chanock, Stephen J., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Stegle, Oliver, Harismendy, Olivier, Bova, G. Steven, Gordenin, Dmitry A., Haan, David, Sieverling, Lina, Feuerbach, Lars, Chalmers, Don, Joly, Yann, Knoppers, Bartha, Molnar-Gabor, Fruzsina, Phillips, Mark, Thorogood, Adrian, Townend, David, Goldman, Mary, Fonseca, Nuno A., Xiang, Qian, Craft, Brian, Pineiro-Yanez, Elena, Munoz, Alfonso, Petryszak, Robert, Fullgrabe, Anja, Al-Shahrour, Fatima, Keays, Maria, Haussler, David, Weinstein, John, Huber, Wolfgang, Valencia, Alfonso, Papatheodorou, Irene, Zhu, Jingchun, Fan, Yu, Torrents, David, Bieg, Matthias, Chen, Ken, Chong, Zechen, Cibulskis, Kristian, Eils, Roland, Fulton, Robert S., Gelpi, Josep L., Gonzalez, Santiago, Gut, Ivo G., Hach, Faraz, Heinold, Michael, Hu, Taobo, Huang, Vincent, Hutter, Barbara, Jaeger, Natalie, Jung, Jongsun, Kumar, Yogesh, Lalansingh, Christopher, Leshchiner, Ignaty, Livitz, Dimitri, Ma, Eric Z., Maruvka, Yosef E., Milovanovic, Ana, Nielsen, Morten Muhlig, Paramasivam, Nagarajan, Pedersen, Jakob Skou, Puiggros, Montserrat, Sahinalp, S. Cenk, Sarrafi, Iman, Stewart, Chip, Stobbe, Miranda D., Wala, Jeremiah A., Wang, Jiayin, Wendl, Michael, Werner, Johannes, Wu, Zhenggang, Xue, Hong, Yamaguchi, Takafumi N., Yellapantula, Venkata, Davis-Dusenbery, Brandi N., Grossman, Robert L., Kim, Youngwook, Heinold, Michael C., Hinton, Jonathan, Jones, David R., Menzies, Andrew, Stebbings, Lucy, Hess, Julian M., Rosenberg, Mara, Dunford, Andrew J., Gupta, Manaswi, Imielinski, Marcin, Meyerson, Matthew, Beroukhim, Rameen, Reimand, Juri, Dhingra, Priyanka, Favero, Francesco, Dentro, Stefan, Wintersinger, Jeff, Rudneva, Vasilisa, Park, Ji Wan, Hong, Eun Pyo, Heo, Seong Gu, Kahles, Andre, Soulette, Cameron M., Shiraishi, Yuichi, Liu, Fenglin, He, Yao, Demircioglu, Deniz, Davidson, Natalie R., Greger, Liliana, Li, Siliang, Liu, Dongbing, Stark, Stefan G., Zhang, Fan, Amin, Samirkumar B., Bailey, Peter, Chateigner, Aurelien, Frenkel-Morgenstern, Milana, Hou, Yong, Huska, Matthew R., Kilpinen, Helena, Lamaze, Fabien C., Li, Chang, Li, Xiaobo, Li, Xinyue, Liu, Xingmin, Marin, Maximillian G., Markowski, Julia, Nandi, Tannistha, Ojesina, Akinyemi, I, Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang, Park, Peter J., Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar, Su, Hong, Tan, Patrick, Teh, Bin Tean, Wang, Jian, Xiong, Heng, Ye, Chen, Yung, Christina, Zhang, Xiuqing, Zheng, Liangtao, Zhu, Shida, Awadalla, Philip, Creighton, Chad J., Wu, Kui, Yang, Huanming, Goke, Jonathan, Zhang, Zemin, Brooks, Angela N., Martincorena, Inigo, Rubio-Perez, Carlota, Juul, Malene, Schumacher, Steven, Shapira, Ofer, Tamborero, David, Mularoni, Loris, Hornshoj, Henrik, Deu-Pons, Jordi, Muinos, Ferran, Bertl, Johanna, Guo, Qianyun, Bazant, Wojciech, Barrera, Elisabet, Al-Sedairy, Sultan T., Aretz, Axel, Bell, Cindy, Betancourt, Miguel, Buchholz, Christiane, Calvo, Fabien, Chomienne, Christine, Dunn, Michael, Edmonds, Stuart, Green, Eric, Gupta, Shailja, Hutter, Carolyn M., Jegalian, Karine, Jones, Nic, Lu, Youyong, Nakagama, Hitoshi, Nettekoven, Gerd, Planko, Laura, Scott, David, Shibata, Tatsuhiro, Shimizu, Kiyo, Stratton, Michael R., Yugawa, Takashi, Tortora, Giampaolo, VijayRaghavan, K., Zenklusen, Jean C., Knoppers, Bartha M., Aminou, Brice, Bartolome, Javier, Boroevich, Keith A., Boyce, Rich, Buchanan, Alex, Byrne, Niall J., Chen, Zhaohong, Cho, Sunghoon, Choi, Wan, Clapham, Peter, Dow, Michelle T., Dursi, Lewis Jonathan, Eils, Juergen, Farcas, Claudiu, Fayzullaev, Nodirjon, Flicek, Paul, Heath, Allison P., Hofmann, Oliver, Hong, Jongwhi H., Hudson, Thomas J., Huebschmann, Daniel, Ivkovic, Sinisa, Jeon, Seung-Hyup, Jiao, Wei, Kabbe, Rolf, Kerssemakers, Jules N. A., Kim, Hyunghwan, Kim, Jihoon, Koscher, Michael, Koures, Antonios, Kovacevic, Milena, Lawerenz, Chris, Liu, Jia, Mijalkovic, Sanja, Mijalkovic-Lazic, Ana Mijalkovic, Miyano, Satoru, Nastic, Mia, Nicholson, Jonathan, Ocana, David, Ohi, Kazuhiro, Ohno-Machado, Lucila, Pihl, Todd D., Prinz, Manuel, Radovic, Petar, Short, Charles, Sofia, Heidi J., Spring, Jonathan, Struck, Adam J., Tijanic, Nebojsa, Vicente, David, Wang, Zhining, Williams, Ashley, Woo, Youngchoon, Wright, Adam J., Yang, Liming, Hamilton, Mark P., Johnson, Todd A., Kahraman, Abdullah, Kellis, Manolis, Polak, Paz, Sallari, Richard, Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa, von Mering, Christian, Beltran, Sergi, Gerhard, Daniela S., Gut, Marta, Trotta, Jean-Remi, Whalley, Justin P., Niu, Beifang, Espiritu, Shadrielle M. 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G., Johnson, Rory, Juul, Randi Istrup, Kim, Jaegil, Kim, Jong K., Komorowski, Jan, Lanzos, Andres, Larsson, Erik, Lee, Donghoon, Li, Shantao, Li, Xiaotong, Lin, Ziao, Liu, Eric Minwei, Lochovsky, Lucas, Lou, Shaoke, Madsen, Tobias, Marchal, Kathleen, Fundichely, Alexander Martinez, McGillivray, Patrick D., Meyerson, William, Paczkowska, Marta, Park, Keunchil, Park, Kiejung, Pons, Tirso, Pulido-Tamayo, Sergio, Reyes Salazar, Iker, Reyna, Matthew A., Rubin, Mark A., Salichos, Leonidas, Sander, Chris, Schumacher, Steven E., Shackleton, Mark, Shen, Ciyue, Shrestha, Raunak, Shuai, Shimin, Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko, Umer, Husen M., Uuskula-Reimand, Liis, Verbeke, Lieven P. C., Wadelius, Claes, Wadi, Lina, Warrell, Jonathan, Wu, Guanming, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Jing, Zhang, Xuanping, Zhang, Yan, Zhao, Zhongming, Zou, Lihua, Lawrence, Michael S., Raphael, Benjamin J., Bailey, Peter J., Craft, David, Goldman, Mary J., Aburatani, Hiroyuki, Binder, Hans, Dinh, Huy Q., Heath, Simon C., Hoffmann, Steve, Imbusch, Charles David, Kretzmer, Helene, Laird, Peter W., Martin-Subero, Jose, I, Nagae, Genta, Shen, Hui, Wang, Qi, Weichenhan, Dieter, Zhou, Wanding, Berman, Benjamin P., Brors, Benedikt, Plass, Christoph, Akdemir, Kadir C., Bowtell, David D. L., Burns, Kathleen H., Busanovich, John, Chan, Kin, Dueso-Barroso, Ana, Edwards, Paul A., Etemadmoghadam, Dariush, Haber, James E., Jones, David T. W., Ju, Young Seok, Kazanov, Marat D., Koh, Youngil, Kumar, Kiran, Lee, Eunjung Alice, Lee, Jake June-Koo, Lynch, Andy G., Macintyre, Geoff, Markowetz, Florian, Navarro, Fabio C. P., Pearson, John, V, Rippe, Karsten, Scully, Ralph, Villasante, Izar, Waddell, Nicola, Yang, Lixing, Yao, Xiaotong, Yoon, Sung-Soo, Zhang, Cheng-Zhong, Bergstrom, Erik N., Boot, Arnoud, Covington, Kyle, Fujimoto, Akihiro, Huang, Mi Ni, Islam, S. M. Ashiqul, McPherson, John R., Morganella, Sandro, Mustonen, Ville, Ng, Alvin Wei Tian, Prokopec, Stephenie D., Vazquez-Garcia, Ignacio, Wu, Yang, Yousif, Fouad, Yu, Willie, Rozen, Steven G., Rudneva, Vasilisa A., Shringarpure, Suyash S., Turner, Daniel J., Xia, Tian, Atwal, Gurnit, Chang, David K., Cooke, Susanna L., Faltas, Bishoy M., Haider, Syed, Kaiser, Vera B., Karlic, Rosa, Kato, Mamoru, Kubler, Kirsten, Margolin, Adam, Martin, Sancha, Nik-Zainal, Serena, P'ng, Christine, Semple, Colin A., Smith, Jaclyn, Sun, Ren X., Thai, Kevin, Wright, Derek W., Yuan, Ke, Biankin, Andrew, V, Garraway, Levi, Grimmond, Sean M., Adams, David J., Anur, Pavana, Cao, Shaolong, Christie, Elizabeth L., Cmero, Marek, Cun, Yupeng, Dawson, Kevin J., Dentro, Stefan C., Deshwar, Amit G., Donmez, Nilgun, Drews, Ruben M., Gerstung, Moritz, Ha, Gavin, Haase, Kerstin, Jerman, Lara, Ji, Yuan, Jolly, Clemency, Lee, Juhee, Lee-Six, Henry, Malikic, Salem, Mitchell, Thomas J., Morris, Quaid D., Oesper, Layla, Peifer, Martin, Peto, Myron, Rosebrock, Daniel, Rubanova, Yulia, Salcedo, Adriana, Sengupta, Subhajit, Shi, Ruian, Shin, Seung Jun, Spiro, Oliver, Vembu, Shankar, Wintersinger, Jeffrey A., Yang, Tsun-Po, Yu, Kaixian, Zhu, Hongtu, Spellman, Paul T., Weinstein, John N., Chen, Yiwen, Fujita, Masashi, Han, Leng, Hasegawa, Takanori, Komura, Mitsuhiro, Li, Jun, Mizuno, Shinichi, Shimizu, Eigo, Wang, Yumeng, Xu, Yanxun, Yamaguchi, Rui, Yang, Fan, Yang, Yang, Yoon, Christopher J., Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Han, Alawi, Malik, Borozan, Ivan, Brewer, Daniel S., Cooper, Colin S., Desai, Nikita, Grundhoff, Adam, Iskar, Murat, Su, Xiaoping, Zapatka, Marc, Lichter, Peter, Alsop, Kathryn, Bruxner, Timothy J. C., Christ, Angelika N., Cordner, Stephen M., Cowin, Prue A., Drapkin, Ronny, Fereday, Sian, George, Joshy, Hamilton, Anne, Holmes, Oliver, Hung, Jillian A., Kassahn, Karin S., Kazakoff, Stephen H., Kennedy, Catherine J., Leonard, Conrad R., Mileshkin, Linda, Miller, David K., Arnau, Gisela Mir, Mitchell, Chris, Newell, Felicity, Nones, Katia, Patch, Ann-Marie, Quinn, Michael C., Taylor, Darrin F., Thorne, Heather, Traficante, Nadia, Vedururu, Ravikiran, Waddell, Nick M., Waring, Paul M., Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, DeFazio, Anna, Anderson, Matthew J., Antonello, Davide, Barbour, Andrew P., Bassi, Claudio, Bersani, Samantha, Cataldo, Ivana, Chantrill, Lorraine A., Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chou, Angela, Cingarlini, Sara, Cloonan, Nicole, Corbo, Vincenzo, Davi, Maria Vittoria, Duthie, Fraser R., Gill, Anthony J., Graham, Janet S., Harliwong, Ivon, Jamieson, Nigel B., Johns, Amber L., Kench, James G., Landoni, Luca, Lawlor, Rita T., Mafficini, Andrea, Merrett, Neil D., Miotto, Marco, Musgrove, Elizabeth A., Nagrial, Adnan M., Oien, Karin A., Pajic, Marina, Pinese, Mark, Robertson, Alan J., Rooman, Ilse, Rusev, Borislav C., Samra, Jaswinder S., Scardoni, Maria, Scarlett, Christopher J., Scarpa, Aldo, Sereni, Elisabetta, Sikora, Katarzyna O., Simbolo, Michele, Taschuk, Morgan L., Toon, Christopher W., Vicentini, Caterina, Wu, Jianmin, Zeps, Nikolajs, Behren, Andreas, Burke, Hazel, Cebon, Jonathan, Dagg, Rebecca A., De Paoli-Iseppi, Ricardo, Dutton-Regester, Ken, Field, Matthew A., Fitzgerald, Anna, Hersey, Peter, Jakrot, Valerie, Johansson, Peter A., Kakavand, Hojabr, Kefford, Richard F., Lau, Loretta M. S., Long, Georgina, V, Pickett, Hilda A., Pritchard, Antonia L., Pupo, Gulietta M., Saw, Robyn P. M., Schramm, Sarah-Jane, Shang, Catherine A., Shang, Ping, Spillane, Andrew J., Stretch, Jonathan R., Tembe, Varsha, Thompson, John F., Vilain, Ricardo E., Wilmott, James S., Yang, Jean Y., Hayward, Nicholas K., Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Bartlett, John, Bavi, Prashant, Chadwick, Dianne E., Chan-Seng-Yue, Michelle, Cleary, Sean, Connor, Ashton A., Czajka, Karolina, Denroche, Robert E., Dhani, Neesha C., Eagles, Jenna, Gallinger, Steven, Grant, Robert C., Hedley, David, Hollingsworth, Michael A., Jang, Gun Ho, Johns, Jeremy, Kalimuthu, Sangeetha, Liang, Sheng-Ben, Lungu, Ilinca, Luo, Xuemei, Mbabaali, Faridah, McPherson, Treasa A., Miller, Jessica K., Moore, Malcolm J., Notta, Faiyaz, Pasternack, Danielle, Petersen, Gloria M., Roehrl, Michael H. A., Sam, Michelle, Selander, Iris, Serra, Stefano, Shahabi, Sagedeh, Thayer, Sarah P., Timms, Lee E., Wilson, Gavin W., Wilson, Julie M., Wouters, Bradly G., McPherson, John D., Beck, Timothy A., Bhandari, Vinayak, Collins, Colin C., Fleshner, Neil E., Fox, Natalie S., Fraser, Michael, Heisler, Lawrence E., Lalonde, Emilie, Livingstone, Julie, Meng, Alice, Sabelnykova, Veronica Y., Shiah, Yu-Jia, Van Der Kwast, Theodorus, Bristow, Robert G., Ding, Shuai, Fan, Daiming, Li, Lin, Nie, Yongzhan, Xiao, Xiao, Xing, Rui, Yang, Shanlin, Yu, Yingyan, Zhou, Yong, Banks, Rosamonde E., Bourque, Guillaume, Brennan, Paul, Letourneau, Louis, Riazalhosseini, Yasser, Scelo, Ghislaine, Vasudev, Naveen, Viksna, Juris, Lathrop, Mark, Tost, Jorg, Ahn, Sung-Min, Aparicio, Samuel, Arnould, Laurent, Aure, M. R., Bhosle, Shriram G., Birney, Ewan, Borg, Ake, Boyault, Sandrine, Brinkman, Arie B., Brock, Jane E., Broeks, Annegien, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Caldas, Carlos, Chin, Suet-Feung, Davies, Helen, Desmedt, Christine, Dirix, Luc, Dronov, Serge, Ehinger, Anna, Eyfjord, Jorunn E., Fatima, Aquila, Foekens, John A., Futreal, P. Andrew, Garred, Oystein, Giri, Dilip D., Glodzik, Dominik, Grabau, Dorthe, Hilmarsdottir, Holmfridur, Hooijer, Gerrit K., Jacquemier, Jocelyne, Jang, Se Jin, Jonasson, Jon G., Jonkers, Jos, Kim, Hyung-Yong, King, Tari A., Knappskog, Stian, Kong, Gu, Krishnamurthy, Savitri, Lakhani, Sunil R., Langerod, Anita, Larsimont, Denis, Lee, Hee Jin, Lee, Jeong-Yeon, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Lingjaerde, Ole Christian, MacGrogan, Gaetan, Martens, John W. M., O'Meara, Sarah, Pauporte, Iris, Pinder, Sarah, Pivot, Xavier, Provenzano, Elena, Purdie, Colin A., Ramakrishna, Manasa, Ramakrishnan, Kamna, Reis-Filho, Jorge, Richardson, Andrea L., Ringner, Markus, Rodriguez, Javier Bartolome, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. German, Romieu, Gilles, Salgado, Roberto, Sauer, Torill, Shepherd, Rebecca, Sieuwerts, Anieta M., Simpson, Peter T., Smid, Marcel, Sotiriou, Christos, Span, Paul N., Stefansson, Olafur Andri, Stenhouse, Alasdair, Stunnenberg, Henk G., Sweep, Fred, Tan, Benita Kiat Tee, Thomas, Gilles, Thompson, Alastair M., Tommasi, Stefania, Treilleux, Isabelle, Tutt, Andrew, Ueno, Naoto T., Van Laere, Steven, Van den Eynden, Gert G., Vermeulen, Peter, Viari, Alain, Vincent-Salomon, Anne, Wong, Bernice H., Yates, Lucy, Zou, Xueqing, van Deurzen, Carolien H. M., van de Vijver, Marc J., van't Veer, Laura, Ammerpohl, Ole, Aukema, Sietse, Bergmann, Anke K., Bernhart, Stephan H., Borkhardt, Arndt, Borst, Christoph, Burkhardt, Birgit, Claviez, Alexander, Goebler, Maria Elisabeth, Haake, Andrea, Haas, Siegfried, Hansmann, Martin, Hoell, Jessica, I, Hummel, Michael, Karsch, Dennis, Klapper, Wolfram, Kneba, Michael, Kreuz, Markus, Kube, Dieter, Kueppers, Ralf, Lenze, Dido, Loeffler, Markus, Lopez, Cristina, Mantovani-Loeffler, Luisa, Moeller, Peter, Ott, German, Radlwimmer, Bernhard, Richter, Julia, Rohde, Marius, Rosenstiel, Philip C., Rosenwald, Andreas, Schilhabel, Markus B., Schreiber, Stefan, Stadler, Peter F., Staib, Peter, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Sungalee, Stephanie, Szczepanowski, Monika, Toprak, Umut H., Truemper, Lorenz H. P., Wagener, Rabea, Zenz, Thorsten, Hovestadt, Volker, von Kalle, Christof, Kool, Marcel, Korshunov, Andrey, Landgraf, Pablo, Lehrach, Hans, Northcott, Paul A., Pfister, Stefan M., Reifenberger, Guido, Warnatz, Hans-Joerg, Wolf, Stephan, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Assenov, Yassen, Gerhauser, Clarissa, Minner, Sarah, Schlomm, Thorsten, Simon, Ronald, Sauter, Guido, Sueltmann, Holger, Biswas, Nidhan K., Maitra, Arindam, Majumder, Partha P., Sarin, Rajiv, Barbi, Stefano, Bonizzato, Giada, Cantu, Cinzia, Dei Tos, Angelo P., Fassan, Matteo, Grimaldi, Sonia, Luchini, Claudio, Malleo, Giuseppe, Marchegiani, Giovanni, Milella, Michele, Paiella, Salvatore, Pea, Antonio, Pederzoli, Paolo, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Salvia, Roberto, Sperandio, Nicola, Arai, Yasuhito, Hama, Natsuko, Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi, Hosoda, Fumie, Nakamura, Hiromi, Ojima, Hidenori, Okusaka, Takuji, Totoki, Yasushi, Urushidate, Tomoko, Fukayama, Masashi, Ishikawa, Shumpei, Katai, Hitoshi, Katoh, Hiroto, Komura, Daisuke, Rokutan, Hirofumi, Saito-Adachi, Mihoko, Suzuki, Akihiro, Taniguchi, Hirokazu, Tatsuno, Kenji, Ushiku, Tetsuo, Yachida, Shinichi, Yamamoto, Shogo, Aikata, Hiroshi, Arihiro, Koji, Ariizumi, Shun-ichi, Chayama, Kazuaki, Furuta, Mayuko, Gotoh, Kunihito, Hayami, Shinya, Hirano, Satoshi, Kawakami, Yoshiiku, Maejima, Kazuhiro, Nakamura, Toru, Nakano, Kaoru, Ohdan, Hideki, Sasaki-Oku, Aya, Tanaka, Hiroko, Ueno, Masaki, Yamamoto, Masakazu, Yamaue, Hiroki, Choo, Su Pin, Cutcutache, Ioana, Khuntikeo, Narong, Ong, Choon Kiat, Pairojkul, Chawalit, Popescu, Irinel, Ahn, Keun Soo, Aymerich, Marta, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Lopez-Otin, Carlos, Puente, Xose S., Campo, Elias, Amary, Fernanda, Baumhoer, Daniel, Behjati, Sam, Bjerkehagen, Bodil, Futreal, P. A., Myklebost, Ola, Pillay, Nischalan, Tarpey, Patrick, Tirabosco, Roberto, Zaikova, Olga, Flanagan, Adrienne M., Boultwood, Jacqueline, Bowen, David T., Cazzola, Mario, Green, Anthony R., Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva, Malcovati, Luca, Nangalia, Jyoti, Papaemmanuil, Elli, Vyas, Paresh, Ang, Yeng, Barr, Hugh, Beardsmore, Duncan, Eldridge, Matthew, Gossage, James, Grehan, Nicola, Hanna, George B., Hayes, Stephen J., Hupp, Ted R., Khoo, David, Lagergren, Jesper, Lovat, Laurence B., MacRae, Shona, O'Donovan, Maria, O'Neill, J. 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Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bathe, Oliver F., Baylin, Stephen B., Benz, Christopher, Berchuck, Andrew, Berrios, Mario, Bigner, Darell, Birrer, Michael, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S., Bosenberg, Marcus, Bowlby, Reanne, Boyd, Jeffrey, Broaddus, Russell R., Brock, Malcolm, Brooks, Denise, Bullman, Susan, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J., Carey, Thomas E., Carlsen, Rebecca, Cerfolio, Robert, Chandan, Vishal S., Chen, Hsiao-Wei, Cherniack, Andrew D., Chien, Jeremy, Cho, Juok, Chuah, Eric, Cibulskis, Carrie, Cope, Leslie, Cordes, Matthew G., Curley, Erin, Czerniak, Bogdan, Danilova, Ludmila, Davis, Ian J., Defreitas, Timothy, Demchok, John A., Dhalla, Noreen, Dhir, Rajiv, Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan, El-Naggar, Adel, Felau, Ina, Ferguson, Martin L., Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Fong, Kwun M., Frazer, Scott, Friedman, William, Fronick, Catrina C., Fulton, Lucinda A., Gabriel, Stacey B., Gao, Jianjiong, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gershenwald, Jeffrey E., Ghossein, Ronald, Giama, Nasra H., Gibbs, Richard A., Gomez, Carmen, Govindan, Ramaswamy, Hayes, D. Neil, Hegde, Apurva M., Heiman, David, I, Heins, Zachary, Hepperla, Austin J., Holbrook, Andrea, Holt, Robert A., Hoyle, Alan P., Hruban, Ralph H., Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Mei, Huntsman, David, Huse, Jason, Donahue, Christine A. Iacobuzio, Ittmann, Michael, Jayaseelan, Joy C., Jefferys, Stuart R., Jones, Corbin D., Jones, Steven J. M., Juhl, Hartmut, Kang, Koo Jeong, Karlan, Beth, Kasaian, Katayoon, Kebebew, Electron, Kim, Hark Kyun, Korchina, Viktoriya, Kundra, Ritika, Lai, Phillip H., Lander, Eric, Le, Xuan, Lee, Darlene, Levine, Douglas A., Lewis, Lora, Ley, Tim, Li, Haiyan Irene, Lin, Pei, Linehan, W. M., Liu, Fei Fei, Lu, Yiling, Lype, Lisa, Ma, Yussanne, Maglinte, Dennis T., Mardis, Elaine R., Marks, Jeffrey, Marra, Marco A., Matthew, Thomas J., Mayo, Michael, McCune, Karen, Meier, Samuel R., Meng, Shaowu, Mieczkowski, Piotr A., Mikkelsen, Tom, Miller, Christopher A., Mills, Gordon B., Moore, Richard A., Morrison, Carl, Mose, Lisle E., Moser, Catherine D., Mungall, Andrew J., Mungall, Karen, Mutch, David, Muzny, Donna M., Myers, Jerome, Newton, Yulia, Noble, Michael S., O'Donnell, Peter, O'Neill, Brian Patrick, Ochoa, Angelica, Park, Joong-Won, Parker, Joel S., Pass, Harvey, Pastore, Alessandro, Pennell, Nathan A., Perou, Charles M., Petrelli, Nicholas, Potapova, Olga, Rader, Janet S., Ramalingam, Suresh, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Reuter, Victor, Reynolds, Sheila M., Ringel, Matthew, Roach, Jeffrey, Roberts, Lewis R., Robertson, A. Gordon, Sadeghi, Sara, Saller, Charles, Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schein, Jacqueline E., Schmidt, Heather K., Schultz, Nikolaus, Seethala, Raja, Senbabaoglu, Yasin, Shelton, Troy, Shi, Yan, Shih, Juliann, Shmulevich, Ilya, Shriver, Craig, Signoretti, Sabina, Simons, Janae, V, Singer, Samuel, Sipahimalani, Payal, Skelly, Tara J., McCune, Karen Smith, Socci, Nicholas D., Soloway, Matthew G., Sood, Anil K., Tam, Angela, Tan, Donghui, Tarnuzzer, Roy, Thiessen, Nina, Thompson, R. Houston, Thorne, Leigh B., Tsao, Ming, Umbricht, Christopher, Van Den Berg, David J., Van Meir, Erwin G., Veluvolu, Umadevi, Voet, Douglas, Wang, Linghua, Weinberger, Paul, Weisenberger, Daniel J., Wigle, Dennis, Wilkerson, Matthew D., Wilson, Richard K., Winterhoff, Boris, Wiznerowicz, Maciej, Wong, Tina, Wong, Winghing, Xi, Liu, Yau, Christina, Zhang, Hailei, Zhang, Hongxin, and Zhang, Jiashan
Abstract: Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).
Published: 2020

20. Germline variants are associated with increased primary melanoma tumor thickness at diagnosis

Author: Mangantig, Ernest, MacGregor , Stuart, Iles, Mark M., Scolyer, Richard A., Cust, Anne E, Hayward, Nicholas K., Montgomery, Grant W., Duffy, David L, Thompson, John F., Henders, Anjali, Mann, Graham, Mangantig, Ernest, MacGregor , Stuart, Iles, Mark M., Scolyer, Richard A., Cust, Anne E, Hayward, Nicholas K., Montgomery, Grant W., Duffy, David L, Thompson, John F., Henders, Anjali, and Mann, Graham
Abstract: Germline genetic variants have been identified, which predispose individuals and families to develop melanoma. Tumor thickness is the strongest predictor of outcome for clinically localized primary melanoma patients. We sought to determine whether there is a heritable genetic contribution to variation in tumor thickness. If confirmed, this will justify the search for specific genetic variants influencing tumor thickness. To address this, we estimated the proportion of variation in tumor thickness attributable to genome-wide genetic variation (variant-based heritability) using unrelated patients with measured primary cutaneous melanoma thickness. As a secondary analysis, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of tumor thickness. The analyses utilized 10 604 individuals with primary cutaneous melanoma drawn from nine GWAS datasets from eight cohorts recruited from the general population, primary care and melanoma treatment centers. Following quality control and filtering to unrelated individuals with study phenotypes, 8125 patients were used in the primary analysis to test whether tumor thickness is heritable. An expanded set of 8505 individuals (47.6% female) were analyzed for the secondary GWAS meta-analysis. Analyses were adjusted for participant age, sex, cohort and ancestry. We found that 26.6% (SE 11.9%, P = 0.0128) of variation in tumor thickness is attributable to genome-wide genetic variation. While requiring replication, a chromosome 11 locus was associated (P < 5 × 10-8) with tumor thickness. Our work indicates that sufficiently large datasets will enable the discovery of genetic variants associated with greater tumor thickness, and this will lead to the identification of host biological processes influencing melanoma growth and invasion.
Published: 2020

21. Whole genome landscapes of uveal melanoma show an ultraviolet radiation signature in iris tumours

Author: Johansson, Peter A., Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M., Wilmott, James S., Pritchard, Antonia L., Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S., Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Labros T., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B., Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W., Long, Georgina V., Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F., Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S., Rolfe, Olivia J., Park, John J., Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Pearson, John V., van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W., McGrath, Lindsay A., Warrier, Sunil K., Glasson, William, Hayward, Nicholas K., Johansson, Peter A., Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M., Wilmott, James S., Pritchard, Antonia L., Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S., Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Labros T., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B., Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W., Long, Georgina V., Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F., Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S., Rolfe, Olivia J., Park, John J., Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Pearson, John V., van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W., McGrath, Lindsay A., Warrier, Sunil K., Glasson, William, and Hayward, Nicholas K.
Abstract: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumour in adults and despite surgical or radiation treatment of primary tumours, ~50% of patients progress to metastatic disease. Therapeutic options for metastatic UM are limited, with clinical trials having little impact. Here we perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 103 UM from all sites of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, iris). While most UM have low tumour mutation burden (TMB), two subsets with high TMB are seen; one driven by germline MBD4 mutation, and another by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, which is restricted to iris UM. All but one tumour have a known UM driver gene mutation (GNAQ, GNA11, BAP1, PLCB4, CYSLTR2, SF3B1, EIF1AX). We identify three other significantly mutated genes (TP53, RPL5 and CENPE).
Published: 2020

22. Fine-mapping of 150 breast cancer risk regions identifies 191 likely target genes

Author: Fachal, Laura, Aschard, Hugues, Beesley, Jonathan, Barnes, Daniel R., Allen, Jamie, Kar, Siddhartha, Pooley, Karen A., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Turman, Constance, Soucy, Penny, Lemacon, Audrey, Lush, Michael, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Ghoussaini, Maya, Marjaneh, Mahdi Moradi, Jiang, Xia, Agata, Simona, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Rosario Alonso, M., Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arason, Adalgeir, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L., Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bialkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bolla, Manjeet K., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Bosse, Kristin, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Cai, Qiuyin, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A., Camp, Nicola J., Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Carroll, Jason S., Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Domchek, Susan M., Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Droit, Arnaud, Dubois, Stephane, Dumont, Martine, Duran, Mercedes, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Fletcher, Olivia, Floris, Giuseppe, Flyger, Henrik, Foretova, Lenka, Foulkes, William D., Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gambino, Gaetana, Ganz, Patricia A., Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, Greene, Mark H., Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hartikainen, Jaana M., Hartman, Mikael, He, Wei, Healey, Catherine S., Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M., Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Hulick, Peter J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jager, Agnes, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A., Janavicius, Ramunas, Jankowitz, Rachel C., John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kang, Daehee, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Karlan, Beth Y., Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Kirk, Judy, Kitahara, Cari M., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kwong, Ava, Kyriacou, Kyriacos, Laitman, Yael, Lambrechts, Diether, Lee, Eunjung, Leslie, Goska, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lindblom, Annika, Lo, Wing-Yee, Long, Jirong, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Loud, Jennifer T., Lubinski, Jan, MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martinez, Maria Elena, Matsuo, Keitaro, Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mayes, Rebecca, McGuffog, Lesley, McLean, Catriona, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Miller, Austin, Miller, Nicola, Montagna, Marco, Moreno, Fernando, Muir, Kenneth, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Muranen, Taru A., Narod, Steven A., Nassir, Rami, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Nielsen, Finn C., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Osorio, Ana, Pankratz, V. Shane, Papp, Janos, Park, Sue K., Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Parsons, Michael T., Paul, James, Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peissel, Bernard, Peshkin, Beth, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Prajzendanc, Karolina, Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Pylkas, Katri, Radice, Paolo, Ramus, Susan J., Rantala, Johanna, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Risch, Harvey A., Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Rossing, Maria, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanchez-Herrero, Estela, Sandler, Dale P., Santamarina, Marta, Saunders, Christobel, Sawyer, Elinor J., Scheuner, Maren T., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schoettker, Ben, Schuermann, Peter, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Senter, Leigha, Seynaeve, Caroline M., Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shen, Chen-Yang, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Singer, Christian F., Slavin, Thomas P., Smichkoska, Snezhana, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Spurdle, Amanda B., Stone, Jennifer, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Sutter, Christian, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tan, Yen Yen, Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Teixeira, Manuel R., Tengstroem, Maria, Teo, Soo Hwang, Terry, Mary Beth, Teul, Alex, Thomassen, Mads, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Toland, Amanda E., Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Torres, Diana, Torres-Mejia, Gabriela, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Vachon, Celine M., van Asperen, Christi J., van der Kolk, Lizet E., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Vijai, Joseph, Vogel, Maartje J., Wang, Qin, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weinberg, Clarice R., Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wildiers, Hans, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Hunter, David, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Milne, Roger L., Kristensen, Vessela N., French, Juliet D., Edwards, Stacey L., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Simard, Jacques, Easton, Douglas F., Kraft, Peter, Dunning, Alison M., Mari, Veronique, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Lallaoui, Hakima, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Revillion, Francoise, Vennin, Paul, Muller, Daniele, Gomes, Denise Molina, Ingster, Olivier, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Bera, Odile, Rose, Mickaelle, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Faivre, Laurence, Dreyfus, Hlne, Leroux, Dominique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Chiesa, Jean, Gilbert-Dussardier, Brigitte, Gesta, Paul, Prieur, Fabienne Prieur, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Coulet, Florence, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Melanie, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Jiao, Yue, Lesueur, Fabienne Lesueur, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Toulas, Christine, Reimineras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Cabaret, Odile, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Rouleau, Etienne, Belotti, Muriel, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Colas, Chrystelle, De Pauw, Antoine, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Moncoutier, Virginie, Saule, Claire, Donaldson, Alan, Murray, Alex, Brady, Angela, Brewer, Carole, Pottinger, Caroline, Miller, Clare, Gallagher, David, Gregory, Helen, Cook, Jackie, Eason, Jacqueline, Adlard, Julian, Barwell, Julian, Ong, Kai-Ren, Snape, Katie, Walker, Lisa, Izatt, Louise, Side, Lucy, Rogers, Mark T., Porteous, Mary E., Ahmed, Munaza, Morrison, Patrick J., Brennan, Paul, Eeles, Ros, Davidson, Rosemarie, Sexton, Adrienne, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Spigelman, Allan, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christine, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Neidermayr, Eveline, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Hickie, Ian, Winship, Ingrid, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbes, John, Hopper, John, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Price, Melanie, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Scott, Rodney, Milne, Roger, Balleine, Rosemary, Dawson, SarahJane, Lok, Sheau, O'Connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, Mclachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Antill, Yoland, Aalfs, Cora, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, van Engelen, Klaartje, Gille, Hans, Boere, Ingrid, Collee, Margriet, van Deurzen, Carolien, Hooning, Maartje, Obdeijn, Inge-Marie, van den Ouweland, Ans, Seynaeve, Caroline, Siesling, Sabine, Verloop, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, van Cronenburg, Twiggy, Blok, Rien, de Boer, Maaike, Garcia, Encarna Gomez, Adank, Muriel, Hogervorst, Frans, Jenner, Denise, van Leeuwen, Flora, Rookus, Matti, Russell, Nicola, Schmidt, Marjanka, van den Belt-Dusebout, Sandra, Kets, Carolien, Mensenkamp, Arjen, de Bock, Truuske, van Der Hout, Annemieke, Mourits, Marian, Oosterwijk, Jan, Ausems, Margreet, Koudijs, Marco, Marsh, Deborah, Baxter, Robert, Yip, Desmond, Carpenter, Jane, Davis, Alison, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Simpson, Peter, Graham, Dinny, Sachchithananthan, Mythily, Fachal, Laura, Aschard, Hugues, Beesley, Jonathan, Barnes, Daniel R., Allen, Jamie, Kar, Siddhartha, Pooley, Karen A., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Turman, Constance, Soucy, Penny, Lemacon, Audrey, Lush, Michael, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Ghoussaini, Maya, Marjaneh, Mahdi Moradi, Jiang, Xia, Agata, Simona, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Rosario Alonso, M., Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arason, Adalgeir, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L., Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bialkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bolla, Manjeet K., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Bosse, Kristin, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Cai, Qiuyin, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A., Camp, Nicola J., Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Carroll, Jason S., Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Domchek, Susan M., Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Droit, Arnaud, Dubois, Stephane, Dumont, Martine, Duran, Mercedes, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Fletcher, Olivia, Floris, Giuseppe, Flyger, Henrik, Foretova, Lenka, Foulkes, William D., Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gambino, Gaetana, Ganz, Patricia A., Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, Greene, Mark H., Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hartikainen, Jaana M., Hartman, Mikael, He, Wei, Healey, Catherine S., Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M., Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Hulick, Peter J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jager, Agnes, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A., Janavicius, Ramunas, Jankowitz, Rachel C., John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kang, Daehee, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Karlan, Beth Y., Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Kirk, Judy, Kitahara, Cari M., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kwong, Ava, Kyriacou, Kyriacos, Laitman, Yael, Lambrechts, Diether, Lee, Eunjung, Leslie, Goska, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lindblom, Annika, Lo, Wing-Yee, Long, Jirong, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Loud, Jennifer T., Lubinski, Jan, MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martinez, Maria Elena, Matsuo, Keitaro, Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mayes, Rebecca, McGuffog, Lesley, McLean, Catriona, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Miller, Austin, Miller, Nicola, Montagna, Marco, Moreno, Fernando, Muir, Kenneth, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Muranen, Taru A., Narod, Steven A., Nassir, Rami, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Nielsen, Finn C., Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Osorio, Ana, Pankratz, V. Shane, Papp, Janos, Park, Sue K., Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Parsons, Michael T., Paul, James, Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peissel, Bernard, Peshkin, Beth, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Prajzendanc, Karolina, Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Pylkas, Katri, Radice, Paolo, Ramus, Susan J., Rantala, Johanna, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Risch, Harvey A., Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Rossing, Maria, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanchez-Herrero, Estela, Sandler, Dale P., Santamarina, Marta, Saunders, Christobel, Sawyer, Elinor J., Scheuner, Maren T., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schoettker, Ben, Schuermann, Peter, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Senter, Leigha, Seynaeve, Caroline M., Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shen, Chen-Yang, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Singer, Christian F., Slavin, Thomas P., Smichkoska, Snezhana, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Spurdle, Amanda B., Stone, Jennifer, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Sutter, Christian, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tan, Yen Yen, Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Teixeira, Manuel R., Tengstroem, Maria, Teo, Soo Hwang, Terry, Mary Beth, Teul, Alex, Thomassen, Mads, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Toland, Amanda E., Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Torres, Diana, Torres-Mejia, Gabriela, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Vachon, Celine M., van Asperen, Christi J., van der Kolk, Lizet E., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Vijai, Joseph, Vogel, Maartje J., Wang, Qin, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weinberg, Clarice R., Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wildiers, Hans, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Hunter, David, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Milne, Roger L., Kristensen, Vessela N., French, Juliet D., Edwards, Stacey L., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Simard, Jacques, Easton, Douglas F., Kraft, Peter, Dunning, Alison M., Mari, Veronique, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Lallaoui, Hakima, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Revillion, Francoise, Vennin, Paul, Muller, Daniele, Gomes, Denise Molina, Ingster, Olivier, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Bera, Odile, Rose, Mickaelle, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Faivre, Laurence, Dreyfus, Hlne, Leroux, Dominique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Chiesa, Jean, Gilbert-Dussardier, Brigitte, Gesta, Paul, Prieur, Fabienne Prieur, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Coulet, Florence, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Melanie, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Jiao, Yue, Lesueur, Fabienne Lesueur, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Toulas, Christine, Reimineras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Cabaret, Odile, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Rouleau, Etienne, Belotti, Muriel, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Colas, Chrystelle, De Pauw, Antoine, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Moncoutier, Virginie, Saule, Claire, Donaldson, Alan, Murray, Alex, Brady, Angela, Brewer, Carole, Pottinger, Caroline, Miller, Clare, Gallagher, David, Gregory, Helen, Cook, Jackie, Eason, Jacqueline, Adlard, Julian, Barwell, Julian, Ong, Kai-Ren, Snape, Katie, Walker, Lisa, Izatt, Louise, Side, Lucy, Rogers, Mark T., Porteous, Mary E., Ahmed, Munaza, Morrison, Patrick J., Brennan, Paul, Eeles, Ros, Davidson, Rosemarie, Sexton, Adrienne, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Spigelman, Allan, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christine, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Neidermayr, Eveline, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Hickie, Ian, Winship, Ingrid, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbes, John, Hopper, John, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Price, Melanie, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Scott, Rodney, Milne, Roger, Balleine, Rosemary, Dawson, SarahJane, Lok, Sheau, O'Connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, Mclachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Antill, Yoland, Aalfs, Cora, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, van Engelen, Klaartje, Gille, Hans, Boere, Ingrid, Collee, Margriet, van Deurzen, Carolien, Hooning, Maartje, Obdeijn, Inge-Marie, van den Ouweland, Ans, Seynaeve, Caroline, Siesling, Sabine, Verloop, Janneke, van Asperen, Christi, van Cronenburg, Twiggy, Blok, Rien, de Boer, Maaike, Garcia, Encarna Gomez, Adank, Muriel, Hogervorst, Frans, Jenner, Denise, van Leeuwen, Flora, Rookus, Matti, Russell, Nicola, Schmidt, Marjanka, van den Belt-Dusebout, Sandra, Kets, Carolien, Mensenkamp, Arjen, de Bock, Truuske, van Der Hout, Annemieke, Mourits, Marian, Oosterwijk, Jan, Ausems, Margreet, Koudijs, Marco, Marsh, Deborah, Baxter, Robert, Yip, Desmond, Carpenter, Jane, Davis, Alison, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Simpson, Peter, Graham, Dinny, and Sachchithananthan, Mythily
Abstract: Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions. Genome-wide association studies have identified breast cancer risk variants in over 150 genomic regions, but the mechanisms underlying risk remain largely unknown. These regions were explored by combining association analysis with in silico genomic feature annotations. We defined 205 independent risk-associated signals with the set of credible causal variants in each one. In parallel, we used a Bayesian approach (PAINTOR) that combines genetic association, linkage disequilibrium and enriched genomic features to determine variants with high posterior probabilities of being causal. Potentially causal variants were significantly over-represented in active gene regulatory regions and transcription factor binding sites. We applied our INQUSIT pipeline for prioritizing genes as targets of those potentially causal variants, using gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci), chromatin interaction and functional annotations. Known cancer drivers, transcription factors and genes in the developmental, apoptosis, immune system and DNA integrity checkpoint gene ontology pathways were over-represented among the highest-confidence target genes.
Published: 2020

23. Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes

Author: Campbell, Peter J., Getz, Gad, Korbel, Jan O., Stuart, Joshua M., Jennings, Jennifer L., Stein, Lincoln D., Perry, Marc D., Nahal-Bose, Hardeep K., Ouellette, B. F. Francis, Li, Constance H., Rheinbay, Esther, Nielsen, G. Petur, Sgroi, Dennis C., Wu, Chin-Lee, Faquin, William C., Deshpande, Vikram, Boutros, Paul C., Lazar, Alexander J., Hoadley, Katherine A., Louis, David N., Dursi, L. Jonathan, Yung, Christina K., Bailey, Matthew H., Saksena, Gordon, Raine, Keiran M., Buchhalter, Ivo, Kleinheinz, Kortine, Schlesner, Matthias, Zhang, Junjun, Wang, Wenyi, Wheeler, David A., Ding, Li, Simpson, Jared T., O'Connor, Brian D., Yakneen, Sergei, Ellrott, Kyle, Miyoshi, Naoki, Butler, Adam P., Royo, Romina, Shorser, Solomon, I, Vazquez, Miguel, Rausch, Tobias, Tiao, Grace, Waszak, Sebastian M., Rodriguez-Martin, Bernardo, Shringarpure, Suyash, Wu, Dai-Ying, Demidov, German M., Delaneau, Olivier, Hayashi, Shuto, Imoto, Seiya, Habermann, Nina, Segre, Ayellet, V, Garrison, Erik, Cafferkey, Andy, Alvarez, Eva G., Maria Heredia-Genestar, Jose, Muyas, Francesc, Drechsel, Oliver, Bruzos, Alicia L., Temes, Javier, Zamora, Jorge, Baez-Ortega, Adrian, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Mashl, R. Jay, Ye, Kai, DiBiase, Anthony, Huang, Kuan-lin, Letunic, Ivica, McLellan, Michael D., Newhouse, Steven J., Shmaya, Tal, Kumar, Sushant, Wedge, David C., Wright, Mark H., Yellapantula, Venkata D., Gerstein, Mark, Khurana, Ekta, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Navarro, Arcadi, Bustamante, Carlos D., Siebert, Reiner, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Easton, Douglas F., Ossowski, Stephan, Tubio, Jose M. C., De La Vega, Francisco M., Estivill, Xavier, Yuen, Denis, Mihaiescu, George L., Omberg, Larsson, Ferretti, Vincent, Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan, Pich, Oriol, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Weiner, Amaro Taylor, Fittall, Matthew W., Demeulemeester, Jonas, Tarabichi, Maxime, Roberts, Nicola D., Van Loo, Peter, Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro, Urban, Lara, Park, Peter, Pitkaenen, Esa, Li, Yilong, Saini, Natalie, Klimczak, Leszek J., Weischenfeldt, Joachim, Sidiropoulos, Nikos, Alexandrov, Ludmil B., Rabionet, Raquel, Escaramis, Georgia, Bosio, Mattia, Holik, Aliaksei Z., Susak, Hana, Prasad, Aparna, Erkek, Serap, Calabrese, Claudia, Raeder, Benjamin, Harrington, Eoghan, Mayes, Simon, Turner, Daniel, Juul, Sissel, Roberts, Steven A., Song, Lei, Koster, Roelof, Mirabello, Lisa, Hua, Xing, Tanskanen, Tomas J., Tojo, Marta, Chen, Jieming, Aaltonen, Lauri A., Ratsch, Gunnar, Schwarz, Roland F., Butte, Atul J., Brazma, Alvis, Chanock, Stephen J., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Stegle, Oliver, Harismendy, Olivier, Bova, G. Steven, Gordenin, Dmitry A., Haan, David, Sieverling, Lina, Feuerbach, Lars, Chalmers, Don, Joly, Yann, Knoppers, Bartha, Molnar-Gabor, Fruzsina, Phillips, Mark, Thorogood, Adrian, Townend, David, Goldman, Mary, Fonseca, Nuno A., Xiang, Qian, Craft, Brian, Pineiro-Yanez, Elena, Munoz, Alfonso, Petryszak, Robert, Fullgrabe, Anja, Al-Shahrour, Fatima, Keays, Maria, Haussler, David, Weinstein, John, Huber, Wolfgang, Valencia, Alfonso, Papatheodorou, Irene, Zhu, Jingchun, Fan, Yu, Torrents, David, Bieg, Matthias, Chen, Ken, Chong, Zechen, Cibulskis, Kristian, Eils, Roland, Fulton, Robert S., Gelpi, Josep L., Gonzalez, Santiago, Gut, Ivo G., Hach, Faraz, Heinold, Michael, Hu, Taobo, Huang, Vincent, Hutter, Barbara, Jaeger, Natalie, Jung, Jongsun, Kumar, Yogesh, Lalansingh, Christopher, Leshchiner, Ignaty, Livitz, Dimitri, Ma, Eric Z., Maruvka, Yosef E., Milovanovic, Ana, Nielsen, Morten Muhlig, Paramasivam, Nagarajan, Pedersen, Jakob Skou, Puiggros, Montserrat, Sahinalp, S. Cenk, Sarrafi, Iman, Stewart, Chip, Stobbe, Miranda D., Wala, Jeremiah A., Wang, Jiayin, Wendl, Michael, Werner, Johannes, Wu, Zhenggang, Xue, Hong, Yamaguchi, Takafumi N., Yellapantula, Venkata, Davis-Dusenbery, Brandi N., Grossman, Robert L., Kim, Youngwook, Heinold, Michael C., Hinton, Jonathan, Jones, David R., Menzies, Andrew, Stebbings, Lucy, Hess, Julian M., Rosenberg, Mara, Dunford, Andrew J., Gupta, Manaswi, Imielinski, Marcin, Meyerson, Matthew, Beroukhim, Rameen, Reimand, Juri, Dhingra, Priyanka, Favero, Francesco, Dentro, Stefan, Wintersinger, Jeff, Rudneva, Vasilisa, Park, Ji Wan, Hong, Eun Pyo, Heo, Seong Gu, Kahles, Andre, Soulette, Cameron M., Shiraishi, Yuichi, Liu, Fenglin, He, Yao, Demircioglu, Deniz, Davidson, Natalie R., Greger, Liliana, Li, Siliang, Liu, Dongbing, Stark, Stefan G., Zhang, Fan, Amin, Samirkumar B., Bailey, Peter, Chateigner, Aurelien, Frenkel-Morgenstern, Milana, Hou, Yong, Huska, Matthew R., Kilpinen, Helena, Lamaze, Fabien C., Li, Chang, Li, Xiaobo, Li, Xinyue, Liu, Xingmin, Marin, Maximillian G., Markowski, Julia, Nandi, Tannistha, Ojesina, Akinyemi, I, Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang, Park, Peter J., Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar, Su, Hong, Tan, Patrick, Teh, Bin Tean, Wang, Jian, Xiong, Heng, Ye, Chen, Yung, Christina, Zhang, Xiuqing, Zheng, Liangtao, Zhu, Shida, Awadalla, Philip, Creighton, Chad J., Wu, Kui, Yang, Huanming, Goke, Jonathan, Zhang, Zemin, Brooks, Angela N., Martincorena, Inigo, Rubio-Perez, Carlota, Juul, Malene, Schumacher, Steven, Shapira, Ofer, Tamborero, David, Mularoni, Loris, Hornshoj, Henrik, Deu-Pons, Jordi, Muinos, Ferran, Bertl, Johanna, Guo, Qianyun, Bazant, Wojciech, Barrera, Elisabet, Al-Sedairy, Sultan T., Aretz, Axel, Bell, Cindy, Betancourt, Miguel, Buchholz, Christiane, Calvo, Fabien, Chomienne, Christine, Dunn, Michael, Edmonds, Stuart, Green, Eric, Gupta, Shailja, Hutter, Carolyn M., Jegalian, Karine, Jones, Nic, Lu, Youyong, Nakagama, Hitoshi, Nettekoven, Gerd, Planko, Laura, Scott, David, Shibata, Tatsuhiro, Shimizu, Kiyo, Stratton, Michael R., Yugawa, Takashi, Tortora, Giampaolo, VijayRaghavan, K., Zenklusen, Jean C., Knoppers, Bartha M., Aminou, Brice, Bartolome, Javier, Boroevich, Keith A., Boyce, Rich, Buchanan, Alex, Byrne, Niall J., Chen, Zhaohong, Cho, Sunghoon, Choi, Wan, Clapham, Peter, Dow, Michelle T., Dursi, Lewis Jonathan, Eils, Juergen, Farcas, Claudiu, Fayzullaev, Nodirjon, Flicek, Paul, Heath, Allison P., Hofmann, Oliver, Hong, Jongwhi H., Hudson, Thomas J., Huebschmann, Daniel, Ivkovic, Sinisa, Jeon, Seung-Hyup, Jiao, Wei, Kabbe, Rolf, Kerssemakers, Jules N. A., Kim, Hyunghwan, Kim, Jihoon, Koscher, Michael, Koures, Antonios, Kovacevic, Milena, Lawerenz, Chris, Liu, Jia, Mijalkovic, Sanja, Mijalkovic-Lazic, Ana Mijalkovic, Miyano, Satoru, Nastic, Mia, Nicholson, Jonathan, Ocana, David, Ohi, Kazuhiro, Ohno-Machado, Lucila, Pihl, Todd D., Prinz, Manuel, Radovic, Petar, Short, Charles, Sofia, Heidi J., Spring, Jonathan, Struck, Adam J., Tijanic, Nebojsa, Vicente, David, Wang, Zhining, Williams, Ashley, Woo, Youngchoon, Wright, Adam J., Yang, Liming, Hamilton, Mark P., Johnson, Todd A., Kahraman, Abdullah, Kellis, Manolis, Polak, Paz, Sallari, Richard, Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa, von Mering, Christian, Beltran, Sergi, Gerhard, Daniela S., Gut, Marta, Trotta, Jean-Remi, Whalley, Justin P., Niu, Beifang, Espiritu, Shadrielle M. G., Gao, Shengjie, Huang, Yi, Lalansingh, Christopher M., Teague, Jon W., Wendl, Michael C., Abascal, Federico, Bader, Gary D., Bandopadhayay, Pratiti, Barenboim, Jonathan, Brunak, Soren, Fita, Joana Carlevaro, Chakravarty, Dimple, Chan, Calvin Wing Yiu, Choi, Jung Kyoon, Diamanti, Klev, Fink, J. Lynn, Frigola, Joan, Gambacorti-Passerini, Carlo, Garsed, Dale W., Haradhvala, Nicholas J., Harmanci, Arif O., Helmy, Mohamed, Herrmann, Carl, Hobolth, Asger, Hodzic, Ermin, Hong, Chen, Isaev, Keren, Izarzugaza, Jose M. G., Johnson, Rory, Juul, Randi Istrup, Kim, Jaegil, Kim, Jong K., Komorowski, Jan, Lanzos, Andres, Larsson, Erik, Lee, Donghoon, Li, Shantao, Li, Xiaotong, Lin, Ziao, Liu, Eric Minwei, Lochovsky, Lucas, Lou, Shaoke, Madsen, Tobias, Marchal, Kathleen, Fundichely, Alexander Martinez, McGillivray, Patrick D., Meyerson, William, Paczkowska, Marta, Park, Keunchil, Park, Kiejung, Pons, Tirso, Pulido-Tamayo, Sergio, Reyes Salazar, Iker, Reyna, Matthew A., Rubin, Mark A., Salichos, Leonidas, Sander, Chris, Schumacher, Steven E., Shackleton, Mark, Shen, Ciyue, Shrestha, Raunak, Shuai, Shimin, Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko, Umer, Husen M., Uuskula-Reimand, Liis, Verbeke, Lieven P. C., Wadelius, Claes, Wadi, Lina, Warrell, Jonathan, Wu, Guanming, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Jing, Zhang, Xuanping, Zhang, Yan, Zhao, Zhongming, Zou, Lihua, Lawrence, Michael S., Raphael, Benjamin J., Bailey, Peter J., Craft, David, Goldman, Mary J., Aburatani, Hiroyuki, Binder, Hans, Dinh, Huy Q., Heath, Simon C., Hoffmann, Steve, Imbusch, Charles David, Kretzmer, Helene, Laird, Peter W., Martin-Subero, Jose, I, Nagae, Genta, Shen, Hui, Wang, Qi, Weichenhan, Dieter, Zhou, Wanding, Berman, Benjamin P., Brors, Benedikt, Plass, Christoph, Akdemir, Kadir C., Bowtell, David D. L., Burns, Kathleen H., Busanovich, John, Chan, Kin, Dueso-Barroso, Ana, Edwards, Paul A., Etemadmoghadam, Dariush, Haber, James E., Jones, David T. W., Ju, Young Seok, Kazanov, Marat D., Koh, Youngil, Kumar, Kiran, Lee, Eunjung Alice, Lee, Jake June-Koo, Lynch, Andy G., Macintyre, Geoff, Markowetz, Florian, Navarro, Fabio C. 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Ashiqul, McPherson, John R., Morganella, Sandro, Mustonen, Ville, Ng, Alvin Wei Tian, Prokopec, Stephenie D., Vazquez-Garcia, Ignacio, Wu, Yang, Yousif, Fouad, Yu, Willie, Rozen, Steven G., Rudneva, Vasilisa A., Shringarpure, Suyash S., Turner, Daniel J., Xia, Tian, Atwal, Gurnit, Chang, David K., Cooke, Susanna L., Faltas, Bishoy M., Haider, Syed, Kaiser, Vera B., Karlic, Rosa, Kato, Mamoru, Kubler, Kirsten, Margolin, Adam, Martin, Sancha, Nik-Zainal, Serena, P'ng, Christine, Semple, Colin A., Smith, Jaclyn, Sun, Ren X., Thai, Kevin, Wright, Derek W., Yuan, Ke, Biankin, Andrew, V, Garraway, Levi, Grimmond, Sean M., Adams, David J., Anur, Pavana, Cao, Shaolong, Christie, Elizabeth L., Cmero, Marek, Cun, Yupeng, Dawson, Kevin J., Dentro, Stefan C., Deshwar, Amit G., Donmez, Nilgun, Drews, Ruben M., Gerstung, Moritz, Ha, Gavin, Haase, Kerstin, Jerman, Lara, Ji, Yuan, Jolly, Clemency, Lee, Juhee, Lee-Six, Henry, Malikic, Salem, Mitchell, Thomas J., Morris, Quaid D., Oesper, Layla, Peifer, Martin, Peto, Myron, Rosebrock, Daniel, Rubanova, Yulia, Salcedo, Adriana, Sengupta, Subhajit, Shi, Ruian, Shin, Seung Jun, Spiro, Oliver, Vembu, Shankar, Wintersinger, Jeffrey A., Yang, Tsun-Po, Yu, Kaixian, Zhu, Hongtu, Spellman, Paul T., Weinstein, John N., Chen, Yiwen, Fujita, Masashi, Han, Leng, Hasegawa, Takanori, Komura, Mitsuhiro, Li, Jun, Mizuno, Shinichi, Shimizu, Eigo, Wang, Yumeng, Xu, Yanxun, Yamaguchi, Rui, Yang, Fan, Yang, Yang, Yoon, Christopher J., Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Han, Alawi, Malik, Borozan, Ivan, Brewer, Daniel S., Cooper, Colin S., Desai, Nikita, Grundhoff, Adam, Iskar, Murat, Su, Xiaoping, Zapatka, Marc, Lichter, Peter, Alsop, Kathryn, Bruxner, Timothy J. C., Christ, Angelika N., Cordner, Stephen M., Cowin, Prue A., Drapkin, Ronny, Fereday, Sian, George, Joshy, Hamilton, Anne, Holmes, Oliver, Hung, Jillian A., Kassahn, Karin S., Kazakoff, Stephen H., Kennedy, Catherine J., Leonard, Conrad R., Mileshkin, Linda, Miller, David K., Arnau, Gisela Mir, Mitchell, Chris, Newell, Felicity, Nones, Katia, Patch, Ann-Marie, Quinn, Michael C., Taylor, Darrin F., Thorne, Heather, Traficante, Nadia, Vedururu, Ravikiran, Waddell, Nick M., Waring, Paul M., Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, DeFazio, Anna, Anderson, Matthew J., Antonello, Davide, Barbour, Andrew P., Bassi, Claudio, Bersani, Samantha, Cataldo, Ivana, Chantrill, Lorraine A., Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chou, Angela, Cingarlini, Sara, Cloonan, Nicole, Corbo, Vincenzo, Davi, Maria Vittoria, Duthie, Fraser R., Gill, Anthony J., Graham, Janet S., Harliwong, Ivon, Jamieson, Nigel B., Johns, Amber L., Kench, James G., Landoni, Luca, Lawlor, Rita T., Mafficini, Andrea, Merrett, Neil D., Miotto, Marco, Musgrove, Elizabeth A., Nagrial, Adnan M., Oien, Karin A., Pajic, Marina, Pinese, Mark, Robertson, Alan J., Rooman, Ilse, Rusev, Borislav C., Samra, Jaswinder S., Scardoni, Maria, Scarlett, Christopher J., Scarpa, Aldo, Sereni, Elisabetta, Sikora, Katarzyna O., Simbolo, Michele, Taschuk, Morgan L., Toon, Christopher W., Vicentini, Caterina, Wu, Jianmin, Zeps, Nikolajs, Behren, Andreas, Burke, Hazel, Cebon, Jonathan, Dagg, Rebecca A., De Paoli-Iseppi, Ricardo, Dutton-Regester, Ken, Field, Matthew A., Fitzgerald, Anna, Hersey, Peter, Jakrot, Valerie, Johansson, Peter A., Kakavand, Hojabr, Kefford, Richard F., Lau, Loretta M. 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A., Sam, Michelle, Selander, Iris, Serra, Stefano, Shahabi, Sagedeh, Thayer, Sarah P., Timms, Lee E., Wilson, Gavin W., Wilson, Julie M., Wouters, Bradly G., McPherson, John D., Beck, Timothy A., Bhandari, Vinayak, Collins, Colin C., Fleshner, Neil E., Fox, Natalie S., Fraser, Michael, Heisler, Lawrence E., Lalonde, Emilie, Livingstone, Julie, Meng, Alice, Sabelnykova, Veronica Y., Shiah, Yu-Jia, Van Der Kwast, Theodorus, Bristow, Robert G., Ding, Shuai, Fan, Daiming, Li, Lin, Nie, Yongzhan, Xiao, Xiao, Xing, Rui, Yang, Shanlin, Yu, Yingyan, Zhou, Yong, Banks, Rosamonde E., Bourque, Guillaume, Brennan, Paul, Letourneau, Louis, Riazalhosseini, Yasser, Scelo, Ghislaine, Vasudev, Naveen, Viksna, Juris, Lathrop, Mark, Tost, Jorg, Ahn, Sung-Min, Aparicio, Samuel, Arnould, Laurent, Aure, M. R., Bhosle, Shriram G., Birney, Ewan, Borg, Ake, Boyault, Sandrine, Brinkman, Arie B., Brock, Jane E., Broeks, Annegien, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Caldas, Carlos, Chin, Suet-Feung, Davies, Helen, Desmedt, Christine, Dirix, Luc, Dronov, Serge, Ehinger, Anna, Eyfjord, Jorunn E., Fatima, Aquila, Foekens, John A., Futreal, P. Andrew, Garred, Oystein, Giri, Dilip D., Glodzik, Dominik, Grabau, Dorthe, Hilmarsdottir, Holmfridur, Hooijer, Gerrit K., Jacquemier, Jocelyne, Jang, Se Jin, Jonasson, Jon G., Jonkers, Jos, Kim, Hyung-Yong, King, Tari A., Knappskog, Stian, Kong, Gu, Krishnamurthy, Savitri, Lakhani, Sunil R., Langerod, Anita, Larsimont, Denis, Lee, Hee Jin, Lee, Jeong-Yeon, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Lingjaerde, Ole Christian, MacGrogan, Gaetan, Martens, John W. M., O'Meara, Sarah, Pauporte, Iris, Pinder, Sarah, Pivot, Xavier, Provenzano, Elena, Purdie, Colin A., Ramakrishna, Manasa, Ramakrishnan, Kamna, Reis-Filho, Jorge, Richardson, Andrea L., Ringner, Markus, Rodriguez, Javier Bartolome, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. German, Romieu, Gilles, Salgado, Roberto, Sauer, Torill, Shepherd, Rebecca, Sieuwerts, Anieta M., Simpson, Peter T., Smid, Marcel, Sotiriou, Christos, Span, Paul N., Stefansson, Olafur Andri, Stenhouse, Alasdair, Stunnenberg, Henk G., Sweep, Fred, Tan, Benita Kiat Tee, Thomas, Gilles, Thompson, Alastair M., Tommasi, Stefania, Treilleux, Isabelle, Tutt, Andrew, Ueno, Naoto T., Van Laere, Steven, Van den Eynden, Gert G., Vermeulen, Peter, Viari, Alain, Vincent-Salomon, Anne, Wong, Bernice H., Yates, Lucy, Zou, Xueqing, van Deurzen, Carolien H. M., van de Vijver, Marc J., van't Veer, Laura, Ammerpohl, Ole, Aukema, Sietse, Bergmann, Anke K., Bernhart, Stephan H., Borkhardt, Arndt, Borst, Christoph, Burkhardt, Birgit, Claviez, Alexander, Goebler, Maria Elisabeth, Haake, Andrea, Haas, Siegfried, Hansmann, Martin, Hoell, Jessica, I, Hummel, Michael, Karsch, Dennis, Klapper, Wolfram, Kneba, Michael, Kreuz, Markus, Kube, Dieter, Kueppers, Ralf, Lenze, Dido, Loeffler, Markus, Lopez, Cristina, Mantovani-Loeffler, Luisa, Moeller, Peter, Ott, German, Radlwimmer, Bernhard, Richter, Julia, Rohde, Marius, Rosenstiel, Philip C., Rosenwald, Andreas, Schilhabel, Markus B., Schreiber, Stefan, Stadler, Peter F., Staib, Peter, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Sungalee, Stephanie, Szczepanowski, Monika, Toprak, Umut H., Truemper, Lorenz H. P., Wagener, Rabea, Zenz, Thorsten, Hovestadt, Volker, von Kalle, Christof, Kool, Marcel, Korshunov, Andrey, Landgraf, Pablo, Lehrach, Hans, Northcott, Paul A., Pfister, Stefan M., Reifenberger, Guido, Warnatz, Hans-Joerg, Wolf, Stephan, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Assenov, Yassen, Gerhauser, Clarissa, Minner, Sarah, Schlomm, Thorsten, Simon, Ronald, Sauter, Guido, Sueltmann, Holger, Biswas, Nidhan K., Maitra, Arindam, Majumder, Partha P., Sarin, Rajiv, Barbi, Stefano, Bonizzato, Giada, Cantu, Cinzia, Dei Tos, Angelo P., Fassan, Matteo, Grimaldi, Sonia, Luchini, Claudio, Malleo, Giuseppe, Marchegiani, Giovanni, Milella, Michele, Paiella, Salvatore, Pea, Antonio, Pederzoli, Paolo, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Salvia, Roberto, Sperandio, Nicola, Arai, Yasuhito, Hama, Natsuko, Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi, Hosoda, Fumie, Nakamura, Hiromi, Ojima, Hidenori, Okusaka, Takuji, Totoki, Yasushi, Urushidate, Tomoko, Fukayama, Masashi, Ishikawa, Shumpei, Katai, Hitoshi, Katoh, Hiroto, Komura, Daisuke, Rokutan, Hirofumi, Saito-Adachi, Mihoko, Suzuki, Akihiro, Taniguchi, Hirokazu, Tatsuno, Kenji, Ushiku, Tetsuo, Yachida, Shinichi, Yamamoto, Shogo, Aikata, Hiroshi, Arihiro, Koji, Ariizumi, Shun-ichi, Chayama, Kazuaki, Furuta, Mayuko, Gotoh, Kunihito, Hayami, Shinya, Hirano, Satoshi, Kawakami, Yoshiiku, Maejima, Kazuhiro, Nakamura, Toru, Nakano, Kaoru, Ohdan, Hideki, Sasaki-Oku, Aya, Tanaka, Hiroko, Ueno, Masaki, Yamamoto, Masakazu, Yamaue, Hiroki, Choo, Su Pin, Cutcutache, Ioana, Khuntikeo, Narong, Ong, Choon Kiat, Pairojkul, Chawalit, Popescu, Irinel, Ahn, Keun Soo, Aymerich, Marta, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Lopez-Otin, Carlos, Puente, Xose S., Campo, Elias, Amary, Fernanda, Baumhoer, Daniel, Behjati, Sam, Bjerkehagen, Bodil, Futreal, P. A., Myklebost, Ola, Pillay, Nischalan, Tarpey, Patrick, Tirabosco, Roberto, Zaikova, Olga, Flanagan, Adrienne M., Boultwood, Jacqueline, Bowen, David T., Cazzola, Mario, Green, Anthony R., Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva, Malcovati, Luca, Nangalia, Jyoti, Papaemmanuil, Elli, Vyas, Paresh, Ang, Yeng, Barr, Hugh, Beardsmore, Duncan, Eldridge, Matthew, Gossage, James, Grehan, Nicola, Hanna, George B., Hayes, Stephen J., Hupp, Ted R., Khoo, David, Lagergren, Jesper, Lovat, Laurence B., MacRae, Shona, O'Donovan, Maria, O'Neill, J. Robert, Parsons, Simon L., Preston, Shaun R., Puig, Sonia, Roques, Tom, Sanders, Grant, Sothi, Sharmila, Tavare, Simon, Tucker, Olga, Turkington, Richard, Underwood, Timothy J., Welch, Ian, Fitzgerald, Rebecca C., Berney, Daniel M., De Bono, Johann S., Cahill, Declan, Camacho, Niedzica, Dennis, Nening M., Dudderidge, Tim, Edwards, Sandra E., Fisher, Cyril, Foster, Christopher S., Ghori, Mohammed, Gill, Pelvender, Gnanapragasam, Vincent J., Gundem, Gunes, Hamdy, Freddie C., Hawkins, Steve, Hazell, Steven, Howat, William, Isaacs, William B., Karaszi, Katalin, Kay, Jonathan D., Khoo, Vincent, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Kremeyer, Barbara, Kumar, Pardeep, Lambert, Adam, Leongamornlert, Daniel A., Livni, Naomi, Lu, Yong-Jie, Luxton, Hayley J., Marsden, Luke, Massie, Charlie E., Matthews, Lucy, Mayer, Erik, McDermott, Ultan, Merson, Sue, Neal, David E., Ng, Anthony, Nicol, David, Ogden, Christopher, Rowe, Edward W., Shah, Nimish C., Thomas, Sarah, Thompson, Alan, Verrill, Clare, Visakorpi, Tapio, Warren, Anne Y., Whitaker, Hayley C., Zhang, Hongwei, van As, Nicholas, Eeles, Rosalind A., Abeshouse, Adam, Agrawal, Nishant, Akbani, Rehan, Al Ahmadie, Hikmat, Albert, Monique, Aldape, Kenneth, Ally, Adrian, Appelbaum, Elizabeth L., Armenia, Joshua, Asa, Sylvia, Auman, J. Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bathe, Oliver F., Baylin, Stephen B., Benz, Christopher, Berchuck, Andrew, Berrios, Mario, Bigner, Darell, Birrer, Michael, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S., Bosenberg, Marcus, Bowlby, Reanne, Boyd, Jeffrey, Broaddus, Russell R., Brock, Malcolm, Brooks, Denise, Bullman, Susan, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J., Carey, Thomas E., Carlsen, Rebecca, Cerfolio, Robert, Chandan, Vishal S., Chen, Hsiao-Wei, Cherniack, Andrew D., Chien, Jeremy, Cho, Juok, Chuah, Eric, Cibulskis, Carrie, Cope, Leslie, Cordes, Matthew G., Curley, Erin, Czerniak, Bogdan, Danilova, Ludmila, Davis, Ian J., Defreitas, Timothy, Demchok, John A., Dhalla, Noreen, Dhir, Rajiv, Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan, El-Naggar, Adel, Felau, Ina, Ferguson, Martin L., Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Fong, Kwun M., Frazer, Scott, Friedman, William, Fronick, Catrina C., Fulton, Lucinda A., Gabriel, Stacey B., Gao, Jianjiong, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gershenwald, Jeffrey E., Ghossein, Ronald, Giama, Nasra H., Gibbs, Richard A., Gomez, Carmen, Govindan, Ramaswamy, Hayes, D. Neil, Hegde, Apurva M., Heiman, David, I, Heins, Zachary, Hepperla, Austin J., Holbrook, Andrea, Holt, Robert A., Hoyle, Alan P., Hruban, Ralph H., Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Mei, Huntsman, David, Huse, Jason, Donahue, Christine A. Iacobuzio, Ittmann, Michael, Jayaseelan, Joy C., Jefferys, Stuart R., Jones, Corbin D., Jones, Steven J. M., Juhl, Hartmut, Kang, Koo Jeong, Karlan, Beth, Kasaian, Katayoon, Kebebew, Electron, Kim, Hark Kyun, Korchina, Viktoriya, Kundra, Ritika, Lai, Phillip H., Lander, Eric, Le, Xuan, Lee, Darlene, Levine, Douglas A., Lewis, Lora, Ley, Tim, Li, Haiyan Irene, Lin, Pei, Linehan, W. M., Liu, Fei Fei, Lu, Yiling, Lype, Lisa, Ma, Yussanne, Maglinte, Dennis T., Mardis, Elaine R., Marks, Jeffrey, Marra, Marco A., Matthew, Thomas J., Mayo, Michael, McCune, Karen, Meier, Samuel R., Meng, Shaowu, Mieczkowski, Piotr A., Mikkelsen, Tom, Miller, Christopher A., Mills, Gordon B., Moore, Richard A., Morrison, Carl, Mose, Lisle E., Moser, Catherine D., Mungall, Andrew J., Mungall, Karen, Mutch, David, Muzny, Donna M., Myers, Jerome, Newton, Yulia, Noble, Michael S., O'Donnell, Peter, O'Neill, Brian Patrick, Ochoa, Angelica, Park, Joong-Won, Parker, Joel S., Pass, Harvey, Pastore, Alessandro, Pennell, Nathan A., Perou, Charles M., Petrelli, Nicholas, Potapova, Olga, Rader, Janet S., Ramalingam, Suresh, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Reuter, Victor, Reynolds, Sheila M., Ringel, Matthew, Roach, Jeffrey, Roberts, Lewis R., Robertson, A. Gordon, Sadeghi, Sara, Saller, Charles, Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schein, Jacqueline E., Schmidt, Heather K., Schultz, Nikolaus, Seethala, Raja, Senbabaoglu, Yasin, Shelton, Troy, Shi, Yan, Shih, Juliann, Shmulevich, Ilya, Shriver, Craig, Signoretti, Sabina, Simons, Janae, V, Singer, Samuel, Sipahimalani, Payal, Skelly, Tara J., McCune, Karen Smith, Socci, Nicholas D., Soloway, Matthew G., Sood, Anil K., Tam, Angela, Tan, Donghui, Tarnuzzer, Roy, Thiessen, Nina, Thompson, R. Houston, Thorne, Leigh B., Tsao, Ming, Umbricht, Christopher, Van Den Berg, David J., Van Meir, Erwin G., Veluvolu, Umadevi, Voet, Douglas, Wang, Linghua, Weinberger, Paul, Weisenberger, Daniel J., Wigle, Dennis, Wilkerson, Matthew D., Wilson, Richard K., Winterhoff, Boris, Wiznerowicz, Maciej, Wong, Tina, Wong, Winghing, Xi, Liu, Yau, Christina, Zhang, Hailei, Zhang, Hongxin, Zhang, Jiashan, Campbell, Peter J., Getz, Gad, Korbel, Jan O., Stuart, Joshua M., Jennings, Jennifer L., Stein, Lincoln D., Perry, Marc D., Nahal-Bose, Hardeep K., Ouellette, B. F. Francis, Li, Constance H., Rheinbay, Esther, Nielsen, G. Petur, Sgroi, Dennis C., Wu, Chin-Lee, Faquin, William C., Deshpande, Vikram, Boutros, Paul C., Lazar, Alexander J., Hoadley, Katherine A., Louis, David N., Dursi, L. Jonathan, Yung, Christina K., Bailey, Matthew H., Saksena, Gordon, Raine, Keiran M., Buchhalter, Ivo, Kleinheinz, Kortine, Schlesner, Matthias, Zhang, Junjun, Wang, Wenyi, Wheeler, David A., Ding, Li, Simpson, Jared T., O'Connor, Brian D., Yakneen, Sergei, Ellrott, Kyle, Miyoshi, Naoki, Butler, Adam P., Royo, Romina, Shorser, Solomon, I, Vazquez, Miguel, Rausch, Tobias, Tiao, Grace, Waszak, Sebastian M., Rodriguez-Martin, Bernardo, Shringarpure, Suyash, Wu, Dai-Ying, Demidov, German M., Delaneau, Olivier, Hayashi, Shuto, Imoto, Seiya, Habermann, Nina, Segre, Ayellet, V, Garrison, Erik, Cafferkey, Andy, Alvarez, Eva G., Maria Heredia-Genestar, Jose, Muyas, Francesc, Drechsel, Oliver, Bruzos, Alicia L., Temes, Javier, Zamora, Jorge, Baez-Ortega, Adrian, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Mashl, R. Jay, Ye, Kai, DiBiase, Anthony, Huang, Kuan-lin, Letunic, Ivica, McLellan, Michael D., Newhouse, Steven J., Shmaya, Tal, Kumar, Sushant, Wedge, David C., Wright, Mark H., Yellapantula, Venkata D., Gerstein, Mark, Khurana, Ekta, Marques-Bonet, Tomas, Navarro, Arcadi, Bustamante, Carlos D., Siebert, Reiner, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Easton, Douglas F., Ossowski, Stephan, Tubio, Jose M. C., De La Vega, Francisco M., Estivill, Xavier, Yuen, Denis, Mihaiescu, George L., Omberg, Larsson, Ferretti, Vincent, Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan, Pich, Oriol, Gonzalez-Perez, Abel, Weiner, Amaro Taylor, Fittall, Matthew W., Demeulemeester, Jonas, Tarabichi, Maxime, Roberts, Nicola D., Van Loo, Peter, Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro, Urban, Lara, Park, Peter, Pitkaenen, Esa, Li, Yilong, Saini, Natalie, Klimczak, Leszek J., Weischenfeldt, Joachim, Sidiropoulos, Nikos, Alexandrov, Ludmil B., Rabionet, Raquel, Escaramis, Georgia, Bosio, Mattia, Holik, Aliaksei Z., Susak, Hana, Prasad, Aparna, Erkek, Serap, Calabrese, Claudia, Raeder, Benjamin, Harrington, Eoghan, Mayes, Simon, Turner, Daniel, Juul, Sissel, Roberts, Steven A., Song, Lei, Koster, Roelof, Mirabello, Lisa, Hua, Xing, Tanskanen, Tomas J., Tojo, Marta, Chen, Jieming, Aaltonen, Lauri A., Ratsch, Gunnar, Schwarz, Roland F., Butte, Atul J., Brazma, Alvis, Chanock, Stephen J., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Stegle, Oliver, Harismendy, Olivier, Bova, G. Steven, Gordenin, Dmitry A., Haan, David, Sieverling, Lina, Feuerbach, Lars, Chalmers, Don, Joly, Yann, Knoppers, Bartha, Molnar-Gabor, Fruzsina, Phillips, Mark, Thorogood, Adrian, Townend, David, Goldman, Mary, Fonseca, Nuno A., Xiang, Qian, Craft, Brian, Pineiro-Yanez, Elena, Munoz, Alfonso, Petryszak, Robert, Fullgrabe, Anja, Al-Shahrour, Fatima, Keays, Maria, Haussler, David, Weinstein, John, Huber, Wolfgang, Valencia, Alfonso, Papatheodorou, Irene, Zhu, Jingchun, Fan, Yu, Torrents, David, Bieg, Matthias, Chen, Ken, Chong, Zechen, Cibulskis, Kristian, Eils, Roland, Fulton, Robert S., Gelpi, Josep L., Gonzalez, Santiago, Gut, Ivo G., Hach, Faraz, Heinold, Michael, Hu, Taobo, Huang, Vincent, Hutter, Barbara, Jaeger, Natalie, Jung, Jongsun, Kumar, Yogesh, Lalansingh, Christopher, Leshchiner, Ignaty, Livitz, Dimitri, Ma, Eric Z., Maruvka, Yosef E., Milovanovic, Ana, Nielsen, Morten Muhlig, Paramasivam, Nagarajan, Pedersen, Jakob Skou, Puiggros, Montserrat, Sahinalp, S. Cenk, Sarrafi, Iman, Stewart, Chip, Stobbe, Miranda D., Wala, Jeremiah A., Wang, Jiayin, Wendl, Michael, Werner, Johannes, Wu, Zhenggang, Xue, Hong, Yamaguchi, Takafumi N., Yellapantula, Venkata, Davis-Dusenbery, Brandi N., Grossman, Robert L., Kim, Youngwook, Heinold, Michael C., Hinton, Jonathan, Jones, David R., Menzies, Andrew, Stebbings, Lucy, Hess, Julian M., Rosenberg, Mara, Dunford, Andrew J., Gupta, Manaswi, Imielinski, Marcin, Meyerson, Matthew, Beroukhim, Rameen, Reimand, Juri, Dhingra, Priyanka, Favero, Francesco, Dentro, Stefan, Wintersinger, Jeff, Rudneva, Vasilisa, Park, Ji Wan, Hong, Eun Pyo, Heo, Seong Gu, Kahles, Andre, Soulette, Cameron M., Shiraishi, Yuichi, Liu, Fenglin, He, Yao, Demircioglu, Deniz, Davidson, Natalie R., Greger, Liliana, Li, Siliang, Liu, Dongbing, Stark, Stefan G., Zhang, Fan, Amin, Samirkumar B., Bailey, Peter, Chateigner, Aurelien, Frenkel-Morgenstern, Milana, Hou, Yong, Huska, Matthew R., Kilpinen, Helena, Lamaze, Fabien C., Li, Chang, Li, Xiaobo, Li, Xinyue, Liu, Xingmin, Marin, Maximillian G., Markowski, Julia, Nandi, Tannistha, Ojesina, Akinyemi, I, Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang, Park, Peter J., Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar, Su, Hong, Tan, Patrick, Teh, Bin Tean, Wang, Jian, Xiong, Heng, Ye, Chen, Yung, Christina, Zhang, Xiuqing, Zheng, Liangtao, Zhu, Shida, Awadalla, Philip, Creighton, Chad J., Wu, Kui, Yang, Huanming, Goke, Jonathan, Zhang, Zemin, Brooks, Angela N., Martincorena, Inigo, Rubio-Perez, Carlota, Juul, Malene, Schumacher, Steven, Shapira, Ofer, Tamborero, David, Mularoni, Loris, Hornshoj, Henrik, Deu-Pons, Jordi, Muinos, Ferran, Bertl, Johanna, Guo, Qianyun, Bazant, Wojciech, Barrera, Elisabet, Al-Sedairy, Sultan T., Aretz, Axel, Bell, Cindy, Betancourt, Miguel, Buchholz, Christiane, Calvo, Fabien, Chomienne, Christine, Dunn, Michael, Edmonds, Stuart, Green, Eric, Gupta, Shailja, Hutter, Carolyn M., Jegalian, Karine, Jones, Nic, Lu, Youyong, Nakagama, Hitoshi, Nettekoven, Gerd, Planko, Laura, Scott, David, Shibata, Tatsuhiro, Shimizu, Kiyo, Stratton, Michael R., Yugawa, Takashi, Tortora, Giampaolo, VijayRaghavan, K., Zenklusen, Jean C., Knoppers, Bartha M., Aminou, Brice, Bartolome, Javier, Boroevich, Keith A., Boyce, Rich, Buchanan, Alex, Byrne, Niall J., Chen, Zhaohong, Cho, Sunghoon, Choi, Wan, Clapham, Peter, Dow, Michelle T., Dursi, Lewis Jonathan, Eils, Juergen, Farcas, Claudiu, Fayzullaev, Nodirjon, Flicek, Paul, Heath, Allison P., Hofmann, Oliver, Hong, Jongwhi H., Hudson, Thomas J., Huebschmann, Daniel, Ivkovic, Sinisa, Jeon, Seung-Hyup, Jiao, Wei, Kabbe, Rolf, Kerssemakers, Jules N. A., Kim, Hyunghwan, Kim, Jihoon, Koscher, Michael, Koures, Antonios, Kovacevic, Milena, Lawerenz, Chris, Liu, Jia, Mijalkovic, Sanja, Mijalkovic-Lazic, Ana Mijalkovic, Miyano, Satoru, Nastic, Mia, Nicholson, Jonathan, Ocana, David, Ohi, Kazuhiro, Ohno-Machado, Lucila, Pihl, Todd D., Prinz, Manuel, Radovic, Petar, Short, Charles, Sofia, Heidi J., Spring, Jonathan, Struck, Adam J., Tijanic, Nebojsa, Vicente, David, Wang, Zhining, Williams, Ashley, Woo, Youngchoon, Wright, Adam J., Yang, Liming, Hamilton, Mark P., Johnson, Todd A., Kahraman, Abdullah, Kellis, Manolis, Polak, Paz, Sallari, Richard, Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa, von Mering, Christian, Beltran, Sergi, Gerhard, Daniela S., Gut, Marta, Trotta, Jean-Remi, Whalley, Justin P., Niu, Beifang, Espiritu, Shadrielle M. G., Gao, Shengjie, Huang, Yi, Lalansingh, Christopher M., Teague, Jon W., Wendl, Michael C., Abascal, Federico, Bader, Gary D., Bandopadhayay, Pratiti, Barenboim, Jonathan, Brunak, Soren, Fita, Joana Carlevaro, Chakravarty, Dimple, Chan, Calvin Wing Yiu, Choi, Jung Kyoon, Diamanti, Klev, Fink, J. Lynn, Frigola, Joan, Gambacorti-Passerini, Carlo, Garsed, Dale W., Haradhvala, Nicholas J., Harmanci, Arif O., Helmy, Mohamed, Herrmann, Carl, Hobolth, Asger, Hodzic, Ermin, Hong, Chen, Isaev, Keren, Izarzugaza, Jose M. G., Johnson, Rory, Juul, Randi Istrup, Kim, Jaegil, Kim, Jong K., Komorowski, Jan, Lanzos, Andres, Larsson, Erik, Lee, Donghoon, Li, Shantao, Li, Xiaotong, Lin, Ziao, Liu, Eric Minwei, Lochovsky, Lucas, Lou, Shaoke, Madsen, Tobias, Marchal, Kathleen, Fundichely, Alexander Martinez, McGillivray, Patrick D., Meyerson, William, Paczkowska, Marta, Park, Keunchil, Park, Kiejung, Pons, Tirso, Pulido-Tamayo, Sergio, Reyes Salazar, Iker, Reyna, Matthew A., Rubin, Mark A., Salichos, Leonidas, Sander, Chris, Schumacher, Steven E., Shackleton, Mark, Shen, Ciyue, Shrestha, Raunak, Shuai, Shimin, Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko, Umer, Husen M., Uuskula-Reimand, Liis, Verbeke, Lieven P. C., Wadelius, Claes, Wadi, Lina, Warrell, Jonathan, Wu, Guanming, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Jing, Zhang, Xuanping, Zhang, Yan, Zhao, Zhongming, Zou, Lihua, Lawrence, Michael S., Raphael, Benjamin J., Bailey, Peter J., Craft, David, Goldman, Mary J., Aburatani, Hiroyuki, Binder, Hans, Dinh, Huy Q., Heath, Simon C., Hoffmann, Steve, Imbusch, Charles David, Kretzmer, Helene, Laird, Peter W., Martin-Subero, Jose, I, Nagae, Genta, Shen, Hui, Wang, Qi, Weichenhan, Dieter, Zhou, Wanding, Berman, Benjamin P., Brors, Benedikt, Plass, Christoph, Akdemir, Kadir C., Bowtell, David D. L., Burns, Kathleen H., Busanovich, John, Chan, Kin, Dueso-Barroso, Ana, Edwards, Paul A., Etemadmoghadam, Dariush, Haber, James E., Jones, David T. W., Ju, Young Seok, Kazanov, Marat D., Koh, Youngil, Kumar, Kiran, Lee, Eunjung Alice, Lee, Jake June-Koo, Lynch, Andy G., Macintyre, Geoff, Markowetz, Florian, Navarro, Fabio C. P., Pearson, John, V, Rippe, Karsten, Scully, Ralph, Villasante, Izar, Waddell, Nicola, Yang, Lixing, Yao, Xiaotong, Yoon, Sung-Soo, Zhang, Cheng-Zhong, Bergstrom, Erik N., Boot, Arnoud, Covington, Kyle, Fujimoto, Akihiro, Huang, Mi Ni, Islam, S. M. Ashiqul, McPherson, John R., Morganella, Sandro, Mustonen, Ville, Ng, Alvin Wei Tian, Prokopec, Stephenie D., Vazquez-Garcia, Ignacio, Wu, Yang, Yousif, Fouad, Yu, Willie, Rozen, Steven G., Rudneva, Vasilisa A., Shringarpure, Suyash S., Turner, Daniel J., Xia, Tian, Atwal, Gurnit, Chang, David K., Cooke, Susanna L., Faltas, Bishoy M., Haider, Syed, Kaiser, Vera B., Karlic, Rosa, Kato, Mamoru, Kubler, Kirsten, Margolin, Adam, Martin, Sancha, Nik-Zainal, Serena, P'ng, Christine, Semple, Colin A., Smith, Jaclyn, Sun, Ren X., Thai, Kevin, Wright, Derek W., Yuan, Ke, Biankin, Andrew, V, Garraway, Levi, Grimmond, Sean M., Adams, David J., Anur, Pavana, Cao, Shaolong, Christie, Elizabeth L., Cmero, Marek, Cun, Yupeng, Dawson, Kevin J., Dentro, Stefan C., Deshwar, Amit G., Donmez, Nilgun, Drews, Ruben M., Gerstung, Moritz, Ha, Gavin, Haase, Kerstin, Jerman, Lara, Ji, Yuan, Jolly, Clemency, Lee, Juhee, Lee-Six, Henry, Malikic, Salem, Mitchell, Thomas J., Morris, Quaid D., Oesper, Layla, Peifer, Martin, Peto, Myron, Rosebrock, Daniel, Rubanova, Yulia, Salcedo, Adriana, Sengupta, Subhajit, Shi, Ruian, Shin, Seung Jun, Spiro, Oliver, Vembu, Shankar, Wintersinger, Jeffrey A., Yang, Tsun-Po, Yu, Kaixian, Zhu, Hongtu, Spellman, Paul T., Weinstein, John N., Chen, Yiwen, Fujita, Masashi, Han, Leng, Hasegawa, Takanori, Komura, Mitsuhiro, Li, Jun, Mizuno, Shinichi, Shimizu, Eigo, Wang, Yumeng, Xu, Yanxun, Yamaguchi, Rui, Yang, Fan, Yang, Yang, Yoon, Christopher J., Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Han, Alawi, Malik, Borozan, Ivan, Brewer, Daniel S., Cooper, Colin S., Desai, Nikita, Grundhoff, Adam, Iskar, Murat, Su, Xiaoping, Zapatka, Marc, Lichter, Peter, Alsop, Kathryn, Bruxner, Timothy J. C., Christ, Angelika N., Cordner, Stephen M., Cowin, Prue A., Drapkin, Ronny, Fereday, Sian, George, Joshy, Hamilton, Anne, Holmes, Oliver, Hung, Jillian A., Kassahn, Karin S., Kazakoff, Stephen H., Kennedy, Catherine J., Leonard, Conrad R., Mileshkin, Linda, Miller, David K., Arnau, Gisela Mir, Mitchell, Chris, Newell, Felicity, Nones, Katia, Patch, Ann-Marie, Quinn, Michael C., Taylor, Darrin F., Thorne, Heather, Traficante, Nadia, Vedururu, Ravikiran, Waddell, Nick M., Waring, Paul M., Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, DeFazio, Anna, Anderson, Matthew J., Antonello, Davide, Barbour, Andrew P., Bassi, Claudio, Bersani, Samantha, Cataldo, Ivana, Chantrill, Lorraine A., Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chou, Angela, Cingarlini, Sara, Cloonan, Nicole, Corbo, Vincenzo, Davi, Maria Vittoria, Duthie, Fraser R., Gill, Anthony J., Graham, Janet S., Harliwong, Ivon, Jamieson, Nigel B., Johns, Amber L., Kench, James G., Landoni, Luca, Lawlor, Rita T., Mafficini, Andrea, Merrett, Neil D., Miotto, Marco, Musgrove, Elizabeth A., Nagrial, Adnan M., Oien, Karin A., Pajic, Marina, Pinese, Mark, Robertson, Alan J., Rooman, Ilse, Rusev, Borislav C., Samra, Jaswinder S., Scardoni, Maria, Scarlett, Christopher J., Scarpa, Aldo, Sereni, Elisabetta, Sikora, Katarzyna O., Simbolo, Michele, Taschuk, Morgan L., Toon, Christopher W., Vicentini, Caterina, Wu, Jianmin, Zeps, Nikolajs, Behren, Andreas, Burke, Hazel, Cebon, Jonathan, Dagg, Rebecca A., De Paoli-Iseppi, Ricardo, Dutton-Regester, Ken, Field, Matthew A., Fitzgerald, Anna, Hersey, Peter, Jakrot, Valerie, Johansson, Peter A., Kakavand, Hojabr, Kefford, Richard F., Lau, Loretta M. S., Long, Georgina, V, Pickett, Hilda A., Pritchard, Antonia L., Pupo, Gulietta M., Saw, Robyn P. M., Schramm, Sarah-Jane, Shang, Catherine A., Shang, Ping, Spillane, Andrew J., Stretch, Jonathan R., Tembe, Varsha, Thompson, John F., Vilain, Ricardo E., Wilmott, James S., Yang, Jean Y., Hayward, Nicholas K., Mann, Graham J., Scolyer, Richard A., Bartlett, John, Bavi, Prashant, Chadwick, Dianne E., Chan-Seng-Yue, Michelle, Cleary, Sean, Connor, Ashton A., Czajka, Karolina, Denroche, Robert E., Dhani, Neesha C., Eagles, Jenna, Gallinger, Steven, Grant, Robert C., Hedley, David, Hollingsworth, Michael A., Jang, Gun Ho, Johns, Jeremy, Kalimuthu, Sangeetha, Liang, Sheng-Ben, Lungu, Ilinca, Luo, Xuemei, Mbabaali, Faridah, McPherson, Treasa A., Miller, Jessica K., Moore, Malcolm J., Notta, Faiyaz, Pasternack, Danielle, Petersen, Gloria M., Roehrl, Michael H. A., Sam, Michelle, Selander, Iris, Serra, Stefano, Shahabi, Sagedeh, Thayer, Sarah P., Timms, Lee E., Wilson, Gavin W., Wilson, Julie M., Wouters, Bradly G., McPherson, John D., Beck, Timothy A., Bhandari, Vinayak, Collins, Colin C., Fleshner, Neil E., Fox, Natalie S., Fraser, Michael, Heisler, Lawrence E., Lalonde, Emilie, Livingstone, Julie, Meng, Alice, Sabelnykova, Veronica Y., Shiah, Yu-Jia, Van Der Kwast, Theodorus, Bristow, Robert G., Ding, Shuai, Fan, Daiming, Li, Lin, Nie, Yongzhan, Xiao, Xiao, Xing, Rui, Yang, Shanlin, Yu, Yingyan, Zhou, Yong, Banks, Rosamonde E., Bourque, Guillaume, Brennan, Paul, Letourneau, Louis, Riazalhosseini, Yasser, Scelo, Ghislaine, Vasudev, Naveen, Viksna, Juris, Lathrop, Mark, Tost, Jorg, Ahn, Sung-Min, Aparicio, Samuel, Arnould, Laurent, Aure, M. R., Bhosle, Shriram G., Birney, Ewan, Borg, Ake, Boyault, Sandrine, Brinkman, Arie B., Brock, Jane E., Broeks, Annegien, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Caldas, Carlos, Chin, Suet-Feung, Davies, Helen, Desmedt, Christine, Dirix, Luc, Dronov, Serge, Ehinger, Anna, Eyfjord, Jorunn E., Fatima, Aquila, Foekens, John A., Futreal, P. Andrew, Garred, Oystein, Giri, Dilip D., Glodzik, Dominik, Grabau, Dorthe, Hilmarsdottir, Holmfridur, Hooijer, Gerrit K., Jacquemier, Jocelyne, Jang, Se Jin, Jonasson, Jon G., Jonkers, Jos, Kim, Hyung-Yong, King, Tari A., Knappskog, Stian, Kong, Gu, Krishnamurthy, Savitri, Lakhani, Sunil R., Langerod, Anita, Larsimont, Denis, Lee, Hee Jin, Lee, Jeong-Yeon, Lee, Ming Ta Michael, Lingjaerde, Ole Christian, MacGrogan, Gaetan, Martens, John W. M., O'Meara, Sarah, Pauporte, Iris, Pinder, Sarah, Pivot, Xavier, Provenzano, Elena, Purdie, Colin A., Ramakrishna, Manasa, Ramakrishnan, Kamna, Reis-Filho, Jorge, Richardson, Andrea L., Ringner, Markus, Rodriguez, Javier Bartolome, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. German, Romieu, Gilles, Salgado, Roberto, Sauer, Torill, Shepherd, Rebecca, Sieuwerts, Anieta M., Simpson, Peter T., Smid, Marcel, Sotiriou, Christos, Span, Paul N., Stefansson, Olafur Andri, Stenhouse, Alasdair, Stunnenberg, Henk G., Sweep, Fred, Tan, Benita Kiat Tee, Thomas, Gilles, Thompson, Alastair M., Tommasi, Stefania, Treilleux, Isabelle, Tutt, Andrew, Ueno, Naoto T., Van Laere, Steven, Van den Eynden, Gert G., Vermeulen, Peter, Viari, Alain, Vincent-Salomon, Anne, Wong, Bernice H., Yates, Lucy, Zou, Xueqing, van Deurzen, Carolien H. M., van de Vijver, Marc J., van't Veer, Laura, Ammerpohl, Ole, Aukema, Sietse, Bergmann, Anke K., Bernhart, Stephan H., Borkhardt, Arndt, Borst, Christoph, Burkhardt, Birgit, Claviez, Alexander, Goebler, Maria Elisabeth, Haake, Andrea, Haas, Siegfried, Hansmann, Martin, Hoell, Jessica, I, Hummel, Michael, Karsch, Dennis, Klapper, Wolfram, Kneba, Michael, Kreuz, Markus, Kube, Dieter, Kueppers, Ralf, Lenze, Dido, Loeffler, Markus, Lopez, Cristina, Mantovani-Loeffler, Luisa, Moeller, Peter, Ott, German, Radlwimmer, Bernhard, Richter, Julia, Rohde, Marius, Rosenstiel, Philip C., Rosenwald, Andreas, Schilhabel, Markus B., Schreiber, Stefan, Stadler, Peter F., Staib, Peter, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Sungalee, Stephanie, Szczepanowski, Monika, Toprak, Umut H., Truemper, Lorenz H. P., Wagener, Rabea, Zenz, Thorsten, Hovestadt, Volker, von Kalle, Christof, Kool, Marcel, Korshunov, Andrey, Landgraf, Pablo, Lehrach, Hans, Northcott, Paul A., Pfister, Stefan M., Reifenberger, Guido, Warnatz, Hans-Joerg, Wolf, Stephan, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Assenov, Yassen, Gerhauser, Clarissa, Minner, Sarah, Schlomm, Thorsten, Simon, Ronald, Sauter, Guido, Sueltmann, Holger, Biswas, Nidhan K., Maitra, Arindam, Majumder, Partha P., Sarin, Rajiv, Barbi, Stefano, Bonizzato, Giada, Cantu, Cinzia, Dei Tos, Angelo P., Fassan, Matteo, Grimaldi, Sonia, Luchini, Claudio, Malleo, Giuseppe, Marchegiani, Giovanni, Milella, Michele, Paiella, Salvatore, Pea, Antonio, Pederzoli, Paolo, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Salvia, Roberto, Sperandio, Nicola, Arai, Yasuhito, Hama, Natsuko, Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi, Hosoda, Fumie, Nakamura, Hiromi, Ojima, Hidenori, Okusaka, Takuji, Totoki, Yasushi, Urushidate, Tomoko, Fukayama, Masashi, Ishikawa, Shumpei, Katai, Hitoshi, Katoh, Hiroto, Komura, Daisuke, Rokutan, Hirofumi, Saito-Adachi, Mihoko, Suzuki, Akihiro, Taniguchi, Hirokazu, Tatsuno, Kenji, Ushiku, Tetsuo, Yachida, Shinichi, Yamamoto, Shogo, Aikata, Hiroshi, Arihiro, Koji, Ariizumi, Shun-ichi, Chayama, Kazuaki, Furuta, Mayuko, Gotoh, Kunihito, Hayami, Shinya, Hirano, Satoshi, Kawakami, Yoshiiku, Maejima, Kazuhiro, Nakamura, Toru, Nakano, Kaoru, Ohdan, Hideki, Sasaki-Oku, Aya, Tanaka, Hiroko, Ueno, Masaki, Yamamoto, Masakazu, Yamaue, Hiroki, Choo, Su Pin, Cutcutache, Ioana, Khuntikeo, Narong, Ong, Choon Kiat, Pairojkul, Chawalit, Popescu, Irinel, Ahn, Keun Soo, Aymerich, Marta, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Lopez-Otin, Carlos, Puente, Xose S., Campo, Elias, Amary, Fernanda, Baumhoer, Daniel, Behjati, Sam, Bjerkehagen, Bodil, Futreal, P. A., Myklebost, Ola, Pillay, Nischalan, Tarpey, Patrick, Tirabosco, Roberto, Zaikova, Olga, Flanagan, Adrienne M., Boultwood, Jacqueline, Bowen, David T., Cazzola, Mario, Green, Anthony R., Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva, Malcovati, Luca, Nangalia, Jyoti, Papaemmanuil, Elli, Vyas, Paresh, Ang, Yeng, Barr, Hugh, Beardsmore, Duncan, Eldridge, Matthew, Gossage, James, Grehan, Nicola, Hanna, George B., Hayes, Stephen J., Hupp, Ted R., Khoo, David, Lagergren, Jesper, Lovat, Laurence B., MacRae, Shona, O'Donovan, Maria, O'Neill, J. Robert, Parsons, Simon L., Preston, Shaun R., Puig, Sonia, Roques, Tom, Sanders, Grant, Sothi, Sharmila, Tavare, Simon, Tucker, Olga, Turkington, Richard, Underwood, Timothy J., Welch, Ian, Fitzgerald, Rebecca C., Berney, Daniel M., De Bono, Johann S., Cahill, Declan, Camacho, Niedzica, Dennis, Nening M., Dudderidge, Tim, Edwards, Sandra E., Fisher, Cyril, Foster, Christopher S., Ghori, Mohammed, Gill, Pelvender, Gnanapragasam, Vincent J., Gundem, Gunes, Hamdy, Freddie C., Hawkins, Steve, Hazell, Steven, Howat, William, Isaacs, William B., Karaszi, Katalin, Kay, Jonathan D., Khoo, Vincent, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Kremeyer, Barbara, Kumar, Pardeep, Lambert, Adam, Leongamornlert, Daniel A., Livni, Naomi, Lu, Yong-Jie, Luxton, Hayley J., Marsden, Luke, Massie, Charlie E., Matthews, Lucy, Mayer, Erik, McDermott, Ultan, Merson, Sue, Neal, David E., Ng, Anthony, Nicol, David, Ogden, Christopher, Rowe, Edward W., Shah, Nimish C., Thomas, Sarah, Thompson, Alan, Verrill, Clare, Visakorpi, Tapio, Warren, Anne Y., Whitaker, Hayley C., Zhang, Hongwei, van As, Nicholas, Eeles, Rosalind A., Abeshouse, Adam, Agrawal, Nishant, Akbani, Rehan, Al Ahmadie, Hikmat, Albert, Monique, Aldape, Kenneth, Ally, Adrian, Appelbaum, Elizabeth L., Armenia, Joshua, Asa, Sylvia, Auman, J. Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bathe, Oliver F., Baylin, Stephen B., Benz, Christopher, Berchuck, Andrew, Berrios, Mario, Bigner, Darell, Birrer, Michael, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S., Bosenberg, Marcus, Bowlby, Reanne, Boyd, Jeffrey, Broaddus, Russell R., Brock, Malcolm, Brooks, Denise, Bullman, Susan, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J., Carey, Thomas E., Carlsen, Rebecca, Cerfolio, Robert, Chandan, Vishal S., Chen, Hsiao-Wei, Cherniack, Andrew D., Chien, Jeremy, Cho, Juok, Chuah, Eric, Cibulskis, Carrie, Cope, Leslie, Cordes, Matthew G., Curley, Erin, Czerniak, Bogdan, Danilova, Ludmila, Davis, Ian J., Defreitas, Timothy, Demchok, John A., Dhalla, Noreen, Dhir, Rajiv, Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan, El-Naggar, Adel, Felau, Ina, Ferguson, Martin L., Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Fong, Kwun M., Frazer, Scott, Friedman, William, Fronick, Catrina C., Fulton, Lucinda A., Gabriel, Stacey B., Gao, Jianjiong, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gershenwald, Jeffrey E., Ghossein, Ronald, Giama, Nasra H., Gibbs, Richard A., Gomez, Carmen, Govindan, Ramaswamy, Hayes, D. Neil, Hegde, Apurva M., Heiman, David, I, Heins, Zachary, Hepperla, Austin J., Holbrook, Andrea, Holt, Robert A., Hoyle, Alan P., Hruban, Ralph H., Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Mei, Huntsman, David, Huse, Jason, Donahue, Christine A. Iacobuzio, Ittmann, Michael, Jayaseelan, Joy C., Jefferys, Stuart R., Jones, Corbin D., Jones, Steven J. M., Juhl, Hartmut, Kang, Koo Jeong, Karlan, Beth, Kasaian, Katayoon, Kebebew, Electron, Kim, Hark Kyun, Korchina, Viktoriya, Kundra, Ritika, Lai, Phillip H., Lander, Eric, Le, Xuan, Lee, Darlene, Levine, Douglas A., Lewis, Lora, Ley, Tim, Li, Haiyan Irene, Lin, Pei, Linehan, W. M., Liu, Fei Fei, Lu, Yiling, Lype, Lisa, Ma, Yussanne, Maglinte, Dennis T., Mardis, Elaine R., Marks, Jeffrey, Marra, Marco A., Matthew, Thomas J., Mayo, Michael, McCune, Karen, Meier, Samuel R., Meng, Shaowu, Mieczkowski, Piotr A., Mikkelsen, Tom, Miller, Christopher A., Mills, Gordon B., Moore, Richard A., Morrison, Carl, Mose, Lisle E., Moser, Catherine D., Mungall, Andrew J., Mungall, Karen, Mutch, David, Muzny, Donna M., Myers, Jerome, Newton, Yulia, Noble, Michael S., O'Donnell, Peter, O'Neill, Brian Patrick, Ochoa, Angelica, Park, Joong-Won, Parker, Joel S., Pass, Harvey, Pastore, Alessandro, Pennell, Nathan A., Perou, Charles M., Petrelli, Nicholas, Potapova, Olga, Rader, Janet S., Ramalingam, Suresh, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Reuter, Victor, Reynolds, Sheila M., Ringel, Matthew, Roach, Jeffrey, Roberts, Lewis R., Robertson, A. Gordon, Sadeghi, Sara, Saller, Charles, Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schein, Jacqueline E., Schmidt, Heather K., Schultz, Nikolaus, Seethala, Raja, Senbabaoglu, Yasin, Shelton, Troy, Shi, Yan, Shih, Juliann, Shmulevich, Ilya, Shriver, Craig, Signoretti, Sabina, Simons, Janae, V, Singer, Samuel, Sipahimalani, Payal, Skelly, Tara J., McCune, Karen Smith, Socci, Nicholas D., Soloway, Matthew G., Sood, Anil K., Tam, Angela, Tan, Donghui, Tarnuzzer, Roy, Thiessen, Nina, Thompson, R. Houston, Thorne, Leigh B., Tsao, Ming, Umbricht, Christopher, Van Den Berg, David J., Van Meir, Erwin G., Veluvolu, Umadevi, Voet, Douglas, Wang, Linghua, Weinberger, Paul, Weisenberger, Daniel J., Wigle, Dennis, Wilkerson, Matthew D., Wilson, Richard K., Winterhoff, Boris, Wiznerowicz, Maciej, Wong, Tina, Wong, Winghing, Xi, Liu, Yau, Christina, Zhang, Hailei, Zhang, Hongxin, and Zhang, Jiashan
Abstract: Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).
Published: 2020

24. Whole genome landscapes of uveal melanoma show an ultraviolet radiation signature in iris tumours

Author: Johansson, Peter A, Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M, Wilmott, James S, Pritchard, Antonia L, Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S, Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Lambros T, Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B, Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W, Long, Georgina V, Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F, Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S, Rolfe, Olivia J, Park, John J, Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J, Scolyer, Richard A, Pearson, John V, van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W, McGrath, Lindsay A, Warrier, Sunil K, Glasson, William, Hayward, Nicholas K, Johansson, Peter A, Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M, Wilmott, James S, Pritchard, Antonia L, Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S, Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Lambros T, Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B, Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W, Long, Georgina V, Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F, Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S, Rolfe, Olivia J, Park, John J, Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J, Scolyer, Richard A, Pearson, John V, van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W, McGrath, Lindsay A, Warrier, Sunil K, Glasson, William, and Hayward, Nicholas K
Abstract: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumour in adults and despite surgical or radiation treatment of primary tumours, ~50% of patients progress to metastatic disease. Therapeutic options for metastatic UM are limited, with clinical trials having little impact. Here we perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 103 UM from all sites of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, iris). While most UM have low tumour mutation burden (TMB), two subsets with high TMB are seen; one driven by germline MBD4 mutation, and another by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, which is restricted to iris UM. All but one tumour have a known UM driver gene mutation (GNAQ, GNA11, BAP1, PLCB4, CYSLTR2, SF3B1, EIF1AX). We identify three other significantly mutated genes (TP53, RPL5 and CENPE).
Published: 2020

25. Genome-wide association meta-analyses combining multiple risk phenotypes provide insights into the genetic architecture of cutaneous melanoma susceptibility

Author: Landi, Maria Teresa, Bishop, D Timothy, MacGregor, Stuart, Machiela, Mitchell J, Stratigos, Alexander J, Ghiorzo, Paola, Brossard, Myriam, Calista, Donato, Choi, Jiyeon, Fargnoli, Maria Concetta, Zhang, Tongwu, Rodolfo, Monica, Trower, Adam J, Menin, Chiara, Martinez, Jacobo, Hadjisavvas, Andrea, Song, Lei, Stefanaki, Irene, Scolyer, Richard, Yang, Rose, Goldstein, Alisa M, Potrony, Miriam, Kypreou, Katerina P, Pastorino, Lorenza, Queirolo, Paola, Pellegrini, Cristina, Cattaneo, Laura, Zawistowski, Matthew, Gimenez-Xavier, Pol, Rodriguez, Arantxa, Elefanti, Lisa, Manoukian, Siranoush, Rivoltini, Licia, Smith, Blair H, Loizidou, Maria A, Del Regno, Laura, Massi, Daniela, Mandala, Mario, Khosrotehrani, Kiarash, Akslen, Lars A, Amos, Christopher I, Andresen, Per A, Avril, Marie-Françoise, Azizi, Esther, Soyer, H Peter, Bataille, Veronique, Dalmasso, Bruna, Bowdler, Lisa M, Burdon, Kathryn P, Chen, Wei V, Codd, Veryan, Craig, Jamie E, Dębniak, Tadeusz, Falchi, Mario, Fang, Shenying, Friedman, Eitan, Simi, Sarah, Galan, Pilar, Garcia-Casado, Zaida, Gillanders, Elizabeth M, Gordon, Scott, Green, Adele, Gruis, Nelleke A, Hansson, Johan, Harland, Mark, Harris, Jessica, Helsing, Per, Henders, Anjali, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Hunter, David, Ingvar, Christian, Kumar, Rajiv, Lang, Julie, Lathrop, G Mark, Lee, Jeffrey E, Li, Xin, Lubiński, Jan, Mackie, Rona M, Malt, Maryrose, Malvehy, Josep, McAloney, Kerrie, Mohamdi, Hamida, Molven, Ander, Moses, Eric K, Neale, Rachel E, Novaković, Srdjan, Nyholt, Dale R, Olsson, Håkan, Orr, Nichola, Fritsche, Lars G, Puig-Butille, Joan Anton, Qureshi, Abrar A, Radford-Smith, Graham L, Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Requena, Celia, Rowe, Casey, Samani, Nilesh J, Sanna, Marianna, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schulze, Hans-Joachim, Simms, Lisa A, Smithers, Mark, Song, Fengju, Swerdlow, Anthony J, van der Stoep, Nienke, Kukutsch, Nicole A, Visconti, Alessia, Wallace, Leanne, Ward, Sarah V, Wheeler, Lawrie, Sturm, Richard A, Hutchinson, Amy, Jones, Kristine, Malasky, Michael, Vogt, Aurelie, Zhou, Weiyin, Pooley, Karen A, Elder, David E, Han, Jiali, Hicks, Belynda, Hayward, Nicholas K, Kanetsky, Peter A, Brummett, Chad, Montgomery, Grant W, Olsen, Catherine M, Hayward, Caroline, Dunning, Alison M, Martin, Nicholas G, Evangelou, Evangelo, Mann, Graham J, Long, Georgina, Pharoah, Paul D P, Easton, Douglas F, Barrett, Jennifer H, Cust, Anne E, Abecasis, Goncalo, Duffy, David L, Whiteman, David C, Gogas, Helen, De Nicolo, Arcangela, Tucker, Margaret A, Newton-Bishop, Julia A, Peris, Ketty, Chanock, Stephen J, Demenais, Florence, Brown, Kevin M, Puig, Susana, Nagore, Eduardo, Shi, Jianxin, Iles, Mark M, Law, Matthew H, Peris, Ketty (ORCID:0000-0002-5237-0463), Landi, Maria Teresa, Bishop, D Timothy, MacGregor, Stuart, Machiela, Mitchell J, Stratigos, Alexander J, Ghiorzo, Paola, Brossard, Myriam, Calista, Donato, Choi, Jiyeon, Fargnoli, Maria Concetta, Zhang, Tongwu, Rodolfo, Monica, Trower, Adam J, Menin, Chiara, Martinez, Jacobo, Hadjisavvas, Andrea, Song, Lei, Stefanaki, Irene, Scolyer, Richard, Yang, Rose, Goldstein, Alisa M, Potrony, Miriam, Kypreou, Katerina P, Pastorino, Lorenza, Queirolo, Paola, Pellegrini, Cristina, Cattaneo, Laura, Zawistowski, Matthew, Gimenez-Xavier, Pol, Rodriguez, Arantxa, Elefanti, Lisa, Manoukian, Siranoush, Rivoltini, Licia, Smith, Blair H, Loizidou, Maria A, Del Regno, Laura, Massi, Daniela, Mandala, Mario, Khosrotehrani, Kiarash, Akslen, Lars A, Amos, Christopher I, Andresen, Per A, Avril, Marie-Françoise, Azizi, Esther, Soyer, H Peter, Bataille, Veronique, Dalmasso, Bruna, Bowdler, Lisa M, Burdon, Kathryn P, Chen, Wei V, Codd, Veryan, Craig, Jamie E, Dębniak, Tadeusz, Falchi, Mario, Fang, Shenying, Friedman, Eitan, Simi, Sarah, Galan, Pilar, Garcia-Casado, Zaida, Gillanders, Elizabeth M, Gordon, Scott, Green, Adele, Gruis, Nelleke A, Hansson, Johan, Harland, Mark, Harris, Jessica, Helsing, Per, Henders, Anjali, Hočevar, Marko, Höiom, Veronica, Hunter, David, Ingvar, Christian, Kumar, Rajiv, Lang, Julie, Lathrop, G Mark, Lee, Jeffrey E, Li, Xin, Lubiński, Jan, Mackie, Rona M, Malt, Maryrose, Malvehy, Josep, McAloney, Kerrie, Mohamdi, Hamida, Molven, Ander, Moses, Eric K, Neale, Rachel E, Novaković, Srdjan, Nyholt, Dale R, Olsson, Håkan, Orr, Nichola, Fritsche, Lars G, Puig-Butille, Joan Anton, Qureshi, Abrar A, Radford-Smith, Graham L, Randerson-Moor, Juliette, Requena, Celia, Rowe, Casey, Samani, Nilesh J, Sanna, Marianna, Schadendorf, Dirk, Schulze, Hans-Joachim, Simms, Lisa A, Smithers, Mark, Song, Fengju, Swerdlow, Anthony J, van der Stoep, Nienke, Kukutsch, Nicole A, Visconti, Alessia, Wallace, Leanne, Ward, Sarah V, Wheeler, Lawrie, Sturm, Richard A, Hutchinson, Amy, Jones, Kristine, Malasky, Michael, Vogt, Aurelie, Zhou, Weiyin, Pooley, Karen A, Elder, David E, Han, Jiali, Hicks, Belynda, Hayward, Nicholas K, Kanetsky, Peter A, Brummett, Chad, Montgomery, Grant W, Olsen, Catherine M, Hayward, Caroline, Dunning, Alison M, Martin, Nicholas G, Evangelou, Evangelo, Mann, Graham J, Long, Georgina, Pharoah, Paul D P, Easton, Douglas F, Barrett, Jennifer H, Cust, Anne E, Abecasis, Goncalo, Duffy, David L, Whiteman, David C, Gogas, Helen, De Nicolo, Arcangela, Tucker, Margaret A, Newton-Bishop, Julia A, Peris, Ketty, Chanock, Stephen J, Demenais, Florence, Brown, Kevin M, Puig, Susana, Nagore, Eduardo, Shi, Jianxin, Iles, Mark M, Law, Matthew H, and Peris, Ketty (ORCID:0000-0002-5237-0463)
Abstract: Most genetic susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma remains to be discovered. Meta-analysis genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 36,760 cases of melanoma (67% newly genotyped) and 375,188 controls identified 54 significant (P < 5 × 10-8) loci with 68 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of risk estimates across geographical regions and host factors suggests the acral melanoma subtype is uniquely unrelated to pigmentation. Combining this meta-analysis with GWAS of nevus count and hair color, and transcriptome association approaches, uncovered 31 potential secondary loci for a total of 85 cutaneous melanoma susceptibility loci. These findings provide insights into cutaneous melanoma genetic architecture, reinforcing the importance of nevogenesis, pigmentation and telomere maintenance, together with identifying potential new pathways for cutaneous melanoma pathogenesis.
Published: 2020

26. Whole genome landscapes of uveal melanoma show an ultraviolet radiation signature in iris tumours

Author: Johansson, Peter A, Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M, Wilmott, James S, Pritchard, Antonia L, Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S, Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Lambros T, Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B, Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W, Long, Georgina V, Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F, Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S, Rolfe, Olivia J, Park, John J, Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J, Scolyer, Richard A, Pearson, John V, van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W, McGrath, Lindsay A, Warrier, Sunil K, Glasson, William, Hayward, Nicholas K, Johansson, Peter A, Brooks, Kelly, Newell, Felicity, Palmer, Jane M, Wilmott, James S, Pritchard, Antonia L, Broit, Natasa, Wood, Scott, Carlino, Matteo S, Leonard, Conrad, Koufariotis, Lambros T, Nathan, Vaishnavi, Beasley, Aaron B, Howlie, Madeleine, Dawson, Rebecca, Rizos, Helen, Schmidt, Chris W, Long, Georgina V, Hamilton, Hayley, Kiilgaard, Jens F, Isaacs, Timothy, Gray, Elin S, Rolfe, Olivia J, Park, John J, Stark, Andrew, Mann, Graham J, Scolyer, Richard A, Pearson, John V, van Baren, Nicolas, Waddell, Nicola, Wadt, Karin W, McGrath, Lindsay A, Warrier, Sunil K, Glasson, William, and Hayward, Nicholas K
Abstract: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumour in adults and despite surgical or radiation treatment of primary tumours, ~50% of patients progress to metastatic disease. Therapeutic options for metastatic UM are limited, with clinical trials having little impact. Here we perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 103 UM from all sites of the uveal tract (choroid, ciliary body, iris). While most UM have low tumour mutation burden (TMB), two subsets with high TMB are seen; one driven by germline MBD4 mutation, and another by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, which is restricted to iris UM. All but one tumour have a known UM driver gene mutation (GNAQ, GNA11, BAP1, PLCB4, CYSLTR2, SF3B1, EIF1AX). We identify three other significantly mutated genes (TP53, RPL5 and CENPE).
Published: 2020

27. Whole-genome landscape of mucosal melanoma reveals diverse drivers and therapeutic targets.

Author: Newell, Felicity, Newell, Felicity, Kong, Yan, Wilmott, James S, Johansson, Peter A, Ferguson, Peter M, Cui, Chuanliang, Li, Zhongwu, Kazakoff, Stephen H, Burke, Hazel, Dodds, Tristan J, Patch, Ann-Marie, Nones, Katia, Tembe, Varsha, Shang, Ping, van der Weyden, Louise, Wong, Kim, Holmes, Oliver, Lo, Serigne, Leonard, Conrad, Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, Rawson, Robert V, Mukhopadhyay, Pamela, Dummer, Reinhard, Levesque, Mitchell P, Jönsson, Göran, Wang, Xuan, Yeh, Iwei, Wu, Hong, Joseph, Nancy, Bastian, Boris C, Long, Georgina V, Spillane, Andrew J, Shannon, Kerwin F, Thompson, John F, Saw, Robyn PM, Adams, David J, Si, Lu, Pearson, John V, Hayward, Nicholas K, Waddell, Nicola, Mann, Graham J, Guo, Jun, Scolyer, Richard A, Newell, Felicity, Newell, Felicity, Kong, Yan, Wilmott, James S, Johansson, Peter A, Ferguson, Peter M, Cui, Chuanliang, Li, Zhongwu, Kazakoff, Stephen H, Burke, Hazel, Dodds, Tristan J, Patch, Ann-Marie, Nones, Katia, Tembe, Varsha, Shang, Ping, van der Weyden, Louise, Wong, Kim, Holmes, Oliver, Lo, Serigne, Leonard, Conrad, Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, Rawson, Robert V, Mukhopadhyay, Pamela, Dummer, Reinhard, Levesque, Mitchell P, Jönsson, Göran, Wang, Xuan, Yeh, Iwei, Wu, Hong, Joseph, Nancy, Bastian, Boris C, Long, Georgina V, Spillane, Andrew J, Shannon, Kerwin F, Thompson, John F, Saw, Robyn PM, Adams, David J, Si, Lu, Pearson, John V, Hayward, Nicholas K, Waddell, Nicola, Mann, Graham J, Guo, Jun, and Scolyer, Richard A
Abstract: Knowledge of key drivers and therapeutic targets in mucosal melanoma is limited due to the paucity of comprehensive mutation data on this rare tumor type. To better understand the genomic landscape of mucosal melanoma, here we describe whole genome sequencing analysis of 67 tumors and validation of driver gene mutations by exome sequencing of 45 tumors. Tumors have a low point mutation burden and high numbers of structural variants, including recurrent structural rearrangements targeting TERT, CDK4 and MDM2. Significantly mutated genes are NRAS, BRAF, NF1, KIT, SF3B1, TP53, SPRED1, ATRX, HLA-A and CHD8. SF3B1 mutations occur more commonly in female genital and anorectal melanomas and CTNNB1 mutations implicate a role for WNT signaling defects in the genesis of some mucosal melanomas. TERT aberrations and ATRX mutations are associated with alterations in telomere length. Mutation profiles of the majority of mucosal melanomas suggest potential susceptibility to CDK4/6 and/or MEK inhibitors.
Published: 2019

28. Publisher correction : Homologous recombination DNA repair defects in PALB2-associated breast cancers

Author: Li, Anqi, Geyer, Felipe C., Blecua, Pedro, Lee, Ju Youn, Selenica, Pier, Brown, David N., Pareja, Fresia, Lee, Simon S.K., Kumar, Rahul, Rivera, Barbara, Bi, Rui, Piscuoglio, Salvatore, Wen, Hannah Y., Lozada, John R., Gularte-Mérida, Rodrigo, Cavallone, Luca, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Amor, David, Andrews, Leslie, Antill, Yoland, Balleine, Rosemary, Beesley, Jonathan, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Brown, Melissa, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Butow, Phyllis, Caldon, Liz, Campbell, Ian, Christian, Alice, Clarke, Christine, Cohen, Paul, Crook, Ashley, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah Jane, De Fazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dobrovic, Alex, Dudding, Tracy, Duijf, Pascal, Edkins, Edward, Edwards, Stacey, Farshid, Gelareh, Fellows, Andrew, Field, Michael, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forbes, John, Forrest, Laura, Fox, Stephen, French, Juliet, Friedlander, Michael, Ortega, David Gallego, Gattas, Michael, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Gleeson, Margaret, Greening, Sian, Haan, Eric, Harris, Marion, Hayward, Nick, Hickie, Ian, Hopper, John, Hunt, Clare, James, Paul, Jenkins, Mark, Kefford, Rick, Kentwell, Maira, Kirk, Judy, Kollias, James, Lakhani, Sunil, Lindeman, Geoff, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Lizz, Lok, Sheau, Macrea, Finlay, Mann, Graham, Marsh, Deb, McLachlan, Sue Anne, Meiser, Bettina, Milne, Roger, Nightingale, Sophie, O’Connell, Shona, Pachter, Nick, Patterson, Briony, Phillips, Kelly, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Saunders, Christobel, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Clare, Scott, Rodney, Sexton, Adrienne, Shelling, Andrew, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Spurdle, Mandy, Stone, Jennifer, Taylor, Jessica, Thorne, Heather, Trainer, Alison, Trench, Georgia, Tucker, Kathy, Visvader, Jane, Walker, Logan, Wallis, Mathew, Williams, Rachael, Winship, Ingrid, Wu, Kathy, Young, Mary Anne, Rezoug, Zoulikha, Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Peterlongo, Paolo, Tondini, Carlo, Terkelsen, Thorkild, Rønlund, Karina, Boonen, Susanne E., Mannerma, Arto, Winqvist, Robert, Janatova, Marketa, Rajadurai, Pathmanathan, Xia, Bing, Norton, Larry, Robson, Mark E., Ng, Pei Sze, Looi, Lai Meng, Southey, Melissa C., Weigelt, Britta, Soo-Hwang, Teo, Tischkowitz, Marc, Foulkes, William D., Reis-Filho, Jorge S., Li, Anqi, Geyer, Felipe C., Blecua, Pedro, Lee, Ju Youn, Selenica, Pier, Brown, David N., Pareja, Fresia, Lee, Simon S.K., Kumar, Rahul, Rivera, Barbara, Bi, Rui, Piscuoglio, Salvatore, Wen, Hannah Y., Lozada, John R., Gularte-Mérida, Rodrigo, Cavallone, Luca, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Amor, David, Andrews, Leslie, Antill, Yoland, Balleine, Rosemary, Beesley, Jonathan, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Brown, Melissa, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Butow, Phyllis, Caldon, Liz, Campbell, Ian, Christian, Alice, Clarke, Christine, Cohen, Paul, Crook, Ashley, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah Jane, De Fazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dobrovic, Alex, Dudding, Tracy, Duijf, Pascal, Edkins, Edward, Edwards, Stacey, Farshid, Gelareh, Fellows, Andrew, Field, Michael, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forbes, John, Forrest, Laura, Fox, Stephen, French, Juliet, Friedlander, Michael, Ortega, David Gallego, Gattas, Michael, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Gleeson, Margaret, Greening, Sian, Haan, Eric, Harris, Marion, Hayward, Nick, Hickie, Ian, Hopper, John, Hunt, Clare, James, Paul, Jenkins, Mark, Kefford, Rick, Kentwell, Maira, Kirk, Judy, Kollias, James, Lakhani, Sunil, Lindeman, Geoff, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Lizz, Lok, Sheau, Macrea, Finlay, Mann, Graham, Marsh, Deb, McLachlan, Sue Anne, Meiser, Bettina, Milne, Roger, Nightingale, Sophie, O’Connell, Shona, Pachter, Nick, Patterson, Briony, Phillips, Kelly, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Saunders, Christobel, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Clare, Scott, Rodney, Sexton, Adrienne, Shelling, Andrew, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Spurdle, Mandy, Stone, Jennifer, Taylor, Jessica, Thorne, Heather, Trainer, Alison, Trench, Georgia, Tucker, Kathy, Visvader, Jane, Walker, Logan, Wallis, Mathew, Williams, Rachael, Winship, Ingrid, Wu, Kathy, Young, Mary Anne, Rezoug, Zoulikha, Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Peterlongo, Paolo, Tondini, Carlo, Terkelsen, Thorkild, Rønlund, Karina, Boonen, Susanne E., Mannerma, Arto, Winqvist, Robert, Janatova, Marketa, Rajadurai, Pathmanathan, Xia, Bing, Norton, Larry, Robson, Mark E., Ng, Pei Sze, Looi, Lai Meng, Southey, Melissa C., Weigelt, Britta, Soo-Hwang, Teo, Tischkowitz, Marc, Foulkes, William D., and Reis-Filho, Jorge S.
Abstract: Original article published in "npj Breast Cancer, (2019), 5, 1, (23), 10.1038/s41523-019-0115-9" In the original version of this paper, the link to the data record in the Data Availability Statement was incorrectly listed as https:// doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8138912.44. The link has been corrected to https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8138912. This has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this article.
Published: 2019

29. Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction of Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Subtypes

Author: Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K., Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Auer, Paul L., Auvinen, Paivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y., Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chanock, Stephen J., Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., Devilee, Peter, Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Foersti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M., Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Gilyazova, Irina R., Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Alnaes, Grethe I. Grenaker, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E., Harkness, Elaine F., Hart, Steven N., He, Wei, Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hoover, Robert N., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Humphreys, Keith, Hunter, David J., Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Kataja, Vesa, Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Knight, Julia A., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kristensen, Vessela N., Kruger, Ute, Kuehl, Tabea, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Lilyquist, Jenna, Lindblom, Annika, Lindstrom, Sara, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lo, Wing-Yee, Loibl, Sibylle, Long, Jirong, Lubinski, Jan, Lux, Michael P., MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Kostovska, Ivana Maleva, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, McLean, Catriona, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Middha, Pooja, Miller, Nicola, Moreno, Fernando, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Mulot, Claire, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Newman, William G., Nielsen, Sune F., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Pankratz, V. Shane, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Perez, Jose I. A., Perez-Barrios, Clara, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Pinchev, Mila, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Polley, Eric C., Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Purrington, Kristen, Pylkas, Katri, Rack, Brigitte, Radice, Paolo, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S., Rhenius, Valerie, Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Ruddy, Kathryn J., Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P., Sawyer, Elinor J., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schumacher, Fredrick, Schuermann, Peter, Schwentner, Lukas, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Seynaeve, Caroline, Shah, Mitul, Sherman, Mark E., Shrubsole, Martha J., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Slager, Susan, Smeets, Ann, Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Stegmaier, Christa, Stone, Jennifer, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Terry, Mary Beth, Thoene, Kathrin, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Truong, Therese, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Veen, Elke M., Vijai, Joseph, Weinberg, Clarice R., Wendt, Camilla, Whittemore, Alice S., Wildiers, Hans, Willett, Walter, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Clarke, Christine, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Sexton, Adrienne, Dobrovic, Alex, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christobel, Saunders, Christobel, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Ortega, David Gallego, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Campbell, Ian, Hickie, Ian, Caldon, Liz, Winship, Ingrid, Cui, James, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbs, John, Hopper, John, Beesley, Jonathan, Kirk, Judy, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Forrest, Laura, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Simard, Jacques, Balleine, Rose-Mary, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, Lok, Sheau, O'connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, McLachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Dudding, Tracy, Antill, Yoland, Sahlberg, Kristine K., Ottestad, Lars, Karesen, Rolf, Schlichting, Ellen, Holmen, Marit Muri, Sauer, Toril, Haakensen, Vilde, Engebraten, Olav, Naume, Bjorn, Fossa, Alexander, Kiserud, Cecile E., Reinertsen, Kristin, V, Helland, Aslaug, Riis, Margit, Geisler, Juergen, Dunning, Alison M., Thompson, Deborah J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Hall, Per, Milne, Roger L., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Kraft, Peter, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Easton, Douglas F., Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K., Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Auer, Paul L., Auvinen, Paivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y., Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chanock, Stephen J., Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., Devilee, Peter, Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Foersti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M., Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Gilyazova, Irina R., Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Alnaes, Grethe I. Grenaker, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E., Harkness, Elaine F., Hart, Steven N., He, Wei, Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hoover, Robert N., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Humphreys, Keith, Hunter, David J., Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Kataja, Vesa, Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Knight, Julia A., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kristensen, Vessela N., Kruger, Ute, Kuehl, Tabea, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Lilyquist, Jenna, Lindblom, Annika, Lindstrom, Sara, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lo, Wing-Yee, Loibl, Sibylle, Long, Jirong, Lubinski, Jan, Lux, Michael P., MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Kostovska, Ivana Maleva, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, McLean, Catriona, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Middha, Pooja, Miller, Nicola, Moreno, Fernando, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Mulot, Claire, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Newman, William G., Nielsen, Sune F., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Pankratz, V. Shane, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Perez, Jose I. A., Perez-Barrios, Clara, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Pinchev, Mila, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Polley, Eric C., Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Purrington, Kristen, Pylkas, Katri, Rack, Brigitte, Radice, Paolo, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S., Rhenius, Valerie, Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Ruddy, Kathryn J., Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P., Sawyer, Elinor J., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schumacher, Fredrick, Schuermann, Peter, Schwentner, Lukas, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Seynaeve, Caroline, Shah, Mitul, Sherman, Mark E., Shrubsole, Martha J., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Slager, Susan, Smeets, Ann, Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Stegmaier, Christa, Stone, Jennifer, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Terry, Mary Beth, Thoene, Kathrin, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Truong, Therese, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Veen, Elke M., Vijai, Joseph, Weinberg, Clarice R., Wendt, Camilla, Whittemore, Alice S., Wildiers, Hans, Willett, Walter, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Clarke, Christine, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Sexton, Adrienne, Dobrovic, Alex, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christobel, Saunders, Christobel, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Ortega, David Gallego, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Campbell, Ian, Hickie, Ian, Caldon, Liz, Winship, Ingrid, Cui, James, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbs, John, Hopper, John, Beesley, Jonathan, Kirk, Judy, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Forrest, Laura, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Simard, Jacques, Balleine, Rose-Mary, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, Lok, Sheau, O'connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, McLachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Dudding, Tracy, Antill, Yoland, Sahlberg, Kristine K., Ottestad, Lars, Karesen, Rolf, Schlichting, Ellen, Holmen, Marit Muri, Sauer, Toril, Haakensen, Vilde, Engebraten, Olav, Naume, Bjorn, Fossa, Alexander, Kiserud, Cecile E., Reinertsen, Kristin, V, Helland, Aslaug, Riis, Margit, Geisler, Juergen, Dunning, Alison M., Thompson, Deborah J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Hall, Per, Milne, Roger L., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Kraft, Peter, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, and Easton, Douglas F.
Abstract: Stratification of women according to their risk of breast cancer based on polygenic risk scores (PRSs) could improve screening and prevention strategies. Our aim was to develop PRSs, optimized for prediction of estrogen receptor (ER)-specific disease, from the largest available genome-wide association dataset and to empirically validate the PRSs in prospective studies. The development dataset comprised 94,075 case subjects and 75,017 control subjects of European ancestry from 69 studies, divided into training and validation sets. Samples were genotyped using genome-wide arrays, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected by stepwise regression or lasso penalized regression. The best performing PRSs were validated in an independent test set comprising 11,428 case subjects and 18,323 control subjects from 10 prospective studies and 190,040 women from UK Biobank (3,215 incident breast cancers). For the best PRSs (313 SNPs), the odds ratio for overall disease per 1 standard deviation in ten prospective studies was 1.61 (95%CI: 1.57-1.65) with area under receiver-operator curve (AUC) = 0.630 (95%CI: 0.628-0.651). The lifetime risk of overall breast cancer in the top centile of the PRSs was 32.6%. Compared with women in the middle quintile, those in the highest 1% of risk had 4.37- and 2.78-fold risks, and those in the lowest 1% of risk had 0.16- and 0.27-fold risks, of developing ER-positive and ER-negative disease, respectively. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that this PRS was well calibrated and predicts disease risk accurately in the tails of the distribution. This PRS is a powerful and reliable predictor of breast cancer risk that may improve breast cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2019

30. The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer

Author: Figlioli, Gisella, Bogliolo, Massimo, Catucci, Irene, Caleca, Laura, Viz Lasheras, Sandra, Pujol, Roser, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Muranen, Taru A., Barnes, Daniel R., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K., Leslie, Goska, Aalfs, Cora M., Adank, Muriel A., Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Cadoo, Karen, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Ambrosone, Christine B., Andrews, Lesley, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auber, Bernd, Auvinen, Paivi, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Barwell, Julian, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beauparlant, Charles Joly, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Berger, Raanan, Bermisheva, Marina, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brady, Angela F., Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Caldes, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campa, Daniele, Campbell, Ian G., Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collavoli, Anita, Conner, Thomas A., Cox, David G., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Ditsch, Nina, Domchek, Susan M., Dorfling, Cecilia M., dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Durda, Katarzyna, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Flyger, Henrik, Foulkes, William D., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Gabrielson, Marike, Gaddam, Pragna, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Chi, Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Gayther, Simon A., Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Guenel, Pascal, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica M., Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hopper, John L., Hosgood, H. Dean, III, Howell, Anthony, Hu, Chunling, Hulick, Peter J., Hunter, David J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Jones, Michael E., Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Karlan, Beth Y., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M., Konstantopoulou, Irene, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Lambrechts, Diether, Lazaro, Conxi, Le Marchand, Loic, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lilyquist, Jenna, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Luben, Robert N., Lubinski, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Miller, Austin, Montagna, Marco, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Newman, William G., Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nielsen, Sarah, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olshan, Andrew F., Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Osorio, Ana, Ottini, Laura, Peissel, Bernard, Peixoto, Ana, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Pocza, Timea, Presneau, Nadege, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Punie, Kevin, Rack, Brigitte, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad U., Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Rhenius, Valerie, Romero, Atocha, Rookus, Matti A., Ross, Eric A., Rossing, Maria, Rudaitis, Vilius, Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanden, Kristin, Santamarina, Marta, Scheuner, Maren T., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneider, Michael, Scott, Christopher, Senter, Leigha, Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Steele, Linda, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Tapper, William J., Teixeira, Manuel R., Terry, Mary Beth, Thomassen, Mads, Thompson, Jennifer, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Torres, Diana, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., van Veen, Elke M., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wieme, Greet, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Zorn, Kristin K., Dunning, Alison M., Lush, Michael, Wang, Qin, McGuffog, Lesley, Parsons, Michael T., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Fostira, Florentia, Toland, Amanda E., Andrulis, Irene L., Ramus, Susan J., Swerdlow, Anthony J., Greene, Mark H., Chung, Wendy K., Milne, Roger L., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Doerk, Thilo, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Easton, Douglas F., Radice, Paolo, Hahnen, Eric, Antoniou, Antonis C., Couch, Fergus J., Nevanlinna, Heli, Surralles, Jordi, Peterlongo, Paolo, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Belotti, Muriel, Bertrand, Ophelie, Birot, Anne-Marie, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Dupre, Anais, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Le Mentec, Marine, Moncoutier, Virginie, de Pauw, Antoine, Saule, Claire, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Mlanie, Bressac-de-Paillerets, Brigitte, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Bourdon, Violaine, Nogues, Catherine, Noguchi, Tetsuro, Popovici, Cornel, Remenieras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Adenis, Claude, Dumont, Aurelie, Revillion, Francoise, Muller, Daniele, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bonnet, Francoise, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Guimbaud, Rosine, Feillel, Viviane, Toulas, Christine, Dreyfus, Helene, Leroux, Christine Dominique, Peysselon, Magalie, Rebischung, Christine, Legrand, Clementine, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Coron, Fanny, Faivre, Laurence, Jacquot, Caroline, Lizard, Sarab, Kientz, Caroline, Lebrun, Marine, Prieur, Fabienne, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Mari, Vronique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Colas, Chrystelle, Coulet, Florence, Soubrier, Florent, Warcoin, Mathilde, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Damette, Alexandre, Gesta, Paul, Lallaoui, Hakima, Chiesa, Jean, Molina-Gomes, Denise, Ingster, Olivier, Manouvrier-Hanu, Sylvie, Lejeune, Sophie, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Greening, Sian, Amor, David, Gattas, Mike, Botes, Leon, Buckley, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Koehler, Jessica, Meiser, Bettina, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Trainer, Alison, Tucker, Kathy, Antill, Yoland, Dobrovic, Alexander, Fellows, Andrew, Fox, Stephen, Harris, Marion, Nightingale, Sophie, Phillips, Kelly, Sambrook, Joe, Thorne, Heather, Armitage, Shane, Arnold, Leanne, Kefford, Rick, Kirk, Judy, Rickard, Edwina, Bastick, Patti, Beesley, Jonathan, Hayward, Nick, Spurdle, Amanda, Walker, Logan, Beilby, John, Saunders, Christobel, Bennett, Ian, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Gaff, Clara, Lindeman, Geoff, Pachter, Nick, Scott, Clare, Sexton, Adrienne, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Winship, Ingrid, Brennan, Meagan, Brown, Melissa, French, Juliet, Edwards, Stacey, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Butow, Phyllis, Culling, Bronwyn, Caldon, Liz, Callen, David, Chauhan, Deepa, Eisenbruch, Maurice, Heiniger, Louise, Chauhan, Manisha, Christian, Alice, Dixon, Joanne, Kidd, Alexa, Cohen, Paul, Colley, Alison, Fenton, Georgina, Crook, Ashley, Dickson, Rebecca, Field, Michael, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, DeFazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dudding, Tracy, Edkins, Ted, Farshid, Gelareh, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forrest, Laura, Gallego-Ortega, David, George, Peter, Gill, Grantley, Kollias, James, Haan, Eric, Hart, Stewart, Jenkins, Mark, Hunt, Clare, Lakhani, Sunil, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Liz, Mann, Graham, McLachlan, Sue Anne, O'Connell, Shona, O'Sullivan, Sarah, Pieper, Ellen, Robinson, Bridget, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Elizabeth, Shelling, Andrew, Williams, Rachael, Young, Mary Ann, Figlioli, Gisella, Bogliolo, Massimo, Catucci, Irene, Caleca, Laura, Viz Lasheras, Sandra, Pujol, Roser, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Muranen, Taru A., Barnes, Daniel R., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K., Leslie, Goska, Aalfs, Cora M., Adank, Muriel A., Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Cadoo, Karen, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Ambrosone, Christine B., Andrews, Lesley, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auber, Bernd, Auvinen, Paivi, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Barwell, Julian, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beauparlant, Charles Joly, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Berger, Raanan, Bermisheva, Marina, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brady, Angela F., Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Caldes, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campa, Daniele, Campbell, Ian G., Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collavoli, Anita, Conner, Thomas A., Cox, David G., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Ditsch, Nina, Domchek, Susan M., Dorfling, Cecilia M., dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Durda, Katarzyna, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Flyger, Henrik, Foulkes, William D., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Gabrielson, Marike, Gaddam, Pragna, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Chi, Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Gayther, Simon A., Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Guenel, Pascal, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica M., Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hopper, John L., Hosgood, H. Dean, III, Howell, Anthony, Hu, Chunling, Hulick, Peter J., Hunter, David J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Jones, Michael E., Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Karlan, Beth Y., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M., Konstantopoulou, Irene, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Lambrechts, Diether, Lazaro, Conxi, Le Marchand, Loic, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lilyquist, Jenna, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Luben, Robert N., Lubinski, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Miller, Austin, Montagna, Marco, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Newman, William G., Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nielsen, Sarah, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olshan, Andrew F., Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Osorio, Ana, Ottini, Laura, Peissel, Bernard, Peixoto, Ana, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Pocza, Timea, Presneau, Nadege, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Punie, Kevin, Rack, Brigitte, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad U., Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Rhenius, Valerie, Romero, Atocha, Rookus, Matti A., Ross, Eric A., Rossing, Maria, Rudaitis, Vilius, Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanden, Kristin, Santamarina, Marta, Scheuner, Maren T., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneider, Michael, Scott, Christopher, Senter, Leigha, Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Steele, Linda, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Tapper, William J., Teixeira, Manuel R., Terry, Mary Beth, Thomassen, Mads, Thompson, Jennifer, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Torres, Diana, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., van Veen, Elke M., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wieme, Greet, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Zorn, Kristin K., Dunning, Alison M., Lush, Michael, Wang, Qin, McGuffog, Lesley, Parsons, Michael T., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Fostira, Florentia, Toland, Amanda E., Andrulis, Irene L., Ramus, Susan J., Swerdlow, Anthony J., Greene, Mark H., Chung, Wendy K., Milne, Roger L., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Doerk, Thilo, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Easton, Douglas F., Radice, Paolo, Hahnen, Eric, Antoniou, Antonis C., Couch, Fergus J., Nevanlinna, Heli, Surralles, Jordi, Peterlongo, Paolo, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Belotti, Muriel, Bertrand, Ophelie, Birot, Anne-Marie, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Dupre, Anais, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Le Mentec, Marine, Moncoutier, Virginie, de Pauw, Antoine, Saule, Claire, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Mlanie, Bressac-de-Paillerets, Brigitte, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Bourdon, Violaine, Nogues, Catherine, Noguchi, Tetsuro, Popovici, Cornel, Remenieras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Adenis, Claude, Dumont, Aurelie, Revillion, Francoise, Muller, Daniele, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bonnet, Francoise, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Guimbaud, Rosine, Feillel, Viviane, Toulas, Christine, Dreyfus, Helene, Leroux, Christine Dominique, Peysselon, Magalie, Rebischung, Christine, Legrand, Clementine, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Coron, Fanny, Faivre, Laurence, Jacquot, Caroline, Lizard, Sarab, Kientz, Caroline, Lebrun, Marine, Prieur, Fabienne, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Mari, Vronique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Colas, Chrystelle, Coulet, Florence, Soubrier, Florent, Warcoin, Mathilde, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Damette, Alexandre, Gesta, Paul, Lallaoui, Hakima, Chiesa, Jean, Molina-Gomes, Denise, Ingster, Olivier, Manouvrier-Hanu, Sylvie, Lejeune, Sophie, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Greening, Sian, Amor, David, Gattas, Mike, Botes, Leon, Buckley, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Koehler, Jessica, Meiser, Bettina, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Trainer, Alison, Tucker, Kathy, Antill, Yoland, Dobrovic, Alexander, Fellows, Andrew, Fox, Stephen, Harris, Marion, Nightingale, Sophie, Phillips, Kelly, Sambrook, Joe, Thorne, Heather, Armitage, Shane, Arnold, Leanne, Kefford, Rick, Kirk, Judy, Rickard, Edwina, Bastick, Patti, Beesley, Jonathan, Hayward, Nick, Spurdle, Amanda, Walker, Logan, Beilby, John, Saunders, Christobel, Bennett, Ian, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Gaff, Clara, Lindeman, Geoff, Pachter, Nick, Scott, Clare, Sexton, Adrienne, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Winship, Ingrid, Brennan, Meagan, Brown, Melissa, French, Juliet, Edwards, Stacey, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Butow, Phyllis, Culling, Bronwyn, Caldon, Liz, Callen, David, Chauhan, Deepa, Eisenbruch, Maurice, Heiniger, Louise, Chauhan, Manisha, Christian, Alice, Dixon, Joanne, Kidd, Alexa, Cohen, Paul, Colley, Alison, Fenton, Georgina, Crook, Ashley, Dickson, Rebecca, Field, Michael, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, DeFazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dudding, Tracy, Edkins, Ted, Farshid, Gelareh, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forrest, Laura, Gallego-Ortega, David, George, Peter, Gill, Grantley, Kollias, James, Haan, Eric, Hart, Stewart, Jenkins, Mark, Hunt, Clare, Lakhani, Sunil, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Liz, Mann, Graham, McLachlan, Sue Anne, O'Connell, Shona, O'Sullivan, Sarah, Pieper, Ellen, Robinson, Bridget, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Elizabeth, Shelling, Andrew, Williams, Rachael, and Young, Mary Ann
Abstract: Breast cancer is a common disease partially caused by genetic risk factors. Germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PAM, ATM, and CHEK2 are associated with breast cancer risk. FANCM, which encodes for a DNA translocase, has been proposed as a breast cancer predisposition gene, with greater effects for the ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. We tested the three recurrent protein-truncating variants FANCM:p.Arg658*, p.Gln1701*, and pArg1931* for association with breast cancer risk in 67,112 cases, 53,766 controls, and 26,662 carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2. These three variants were also studied functionally by measuring survival and chromosome fragility in FANCM(-/-) patient-derived immortalized fibroblasts treated with diepoxybutane or olaparib. We observed that FANCM:p.Arg658* was associated with increased risk of ER-negative disease and TNBC (OR = 2.44, P = 0.034 and OR = 3.79; P = 0.009, respectively). In a country-restricted analysis, we confirmed the associations detected for FANCM:p.Arg658* and found that also FANCM:p.Arg1931* was associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk (OR = 1.96; P = 0.006). The functional results indicated that all three variants were deleterious affecting cell survival and chromosome stability with FANCM:p.Arg658* causing more severe phenotypes. In conclusion, we confirmed that the two rare FANCM deleterious variants p.Arg658* and p.Arg1931* are risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Overall our data suggest that the effect of truncating variants on breast cancer risk may depend on their position in the gene. Cell sensitivity to olaparib exposure, identifies a possible therapeutic option to treat FANCM-associated tumors.
Published: 2019

31. Introduction to the special issue 'In-depth study of air pollution sources and processes within Beijing and its surrounding region (APHH-Beijing)'

Author: Shi, Zongbo, Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Harrison, Roy M., Grimmond, Sue, Yue, Siyao, Zhu, Tong, Lee, James, Han, Yiqun, Demuzere, Matthias, Dunmore, Rachel E., Ren, Lujie, Liu, Di, Wang, Yuanlin, Wild, Oliver, Allan, James, Acton, W. Joe, Barlow, Janet, Barratt, Benjamin, Beddows, David, Bloss, William J., Calzolai, Giulia, Carruthers, David, Carslaw, David C., Chan, Queenie, Chatzidiakou, Lia, Chen, Yang, Crilley, Leigh, Coe, Hugh, Dai, Tie, Doherty, Ruth, Duan, Fengkui, Fu, Pingqing, Ge, Baozhu, Ge, Maofa, Guan, Daobo, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., He, Kebin, Heal, Mathew, Heard, Dwayne, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hollaway, Michael, Hu, Min, Ji, Dongsheng, Jiang, Xujiang, Jones, Rod, Kalberer, Markus, Kelly, Frank J., Kramer, Louisa, Langford, Ben, Lin, Chun, Lewis, Alastair C., Li, Jie, Li, Weijun, Liu, Huan, Liu, Junfeng, Loh, Miranda, Lu, Keding, Lucarelli, Franco, Mann, Graham, McFiggans, Gordon, Miller, Mark R., Mills, Graham, Monk, Paul, Nemitz, Eiko, O'Connor, Fionna, Ouyang, Bin, Palmer, Paul I., Percival, Carl, Popoola, Olalekan, Reeves, Claire, Rickard, Andrew R., Shao, Longyi, Shi, Guangyu, Spracklen, Dominick, Stevenson, David, Sun, Yele, Sun, Zhiwei, Tao, Shu, Tong, Shengrui, Wang, Qingqing, Wang, Wenhua, Wang, Xinming, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Zifang, Wei, Lianfang, Whalley, Lisa, Wu, Xuefang, Wu, Zhijun, Xie, Pinhua, Yang, Fumo, Zhang, Qiang, Zhang, Yanli, Zhang, Yuanhang, Zheng, Mei, Shi, Zongbo, Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Harrison, Roy M., Grimmond, Sue, Yue, Siyao, Zhu, Tong, Lee, James, Han, Yiqun, Demuzere, Matthias, Dunmore, Rachel E., Ren, Lujie, Liu, Di, Wang, Yuanlin, Wild, Oliver, Allan, James, Acton, W. Joe, Barlow, Janet, Barratt, Benjamin, Beddows, David, Bloss, William J., Calzolai, Giulia, Carruthers, David, Carslaw, David C., Chan, Queenie, Chatzidiakou, Lia, Chen, Yang, Crilley, Leigh, Coe, Hugh, Dai, Tie, Doherty, Ruth, Duan, Fengkui, Fu, Pingqing, Ge, Baozhu, Ge, Maofa, Guan, Daobo, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., He, Kebin, Heal, Mathew, Heard, Dwayne, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hollaway, Michael, Hu, Min, Ji, Dongsheng, Jiang, Xujiang, Jones, Rod, Kalberer, Markus, Kelly, Frank J., Kramer, Louisa, Langford, Ben, Lin, Chun, Lewis, Alastair C., Li, Jie, Li, Weijun, Liu, Huan, Liu, Junfeng, Loh, Miranda, Lu, Keding, Lucarelli, Franco, Mann, Graham, McFiggans, Gordon, Miller, Mark R., Mills, Graham, Monk, Paul, Nemitz, Eiko, O'Connor, Fionna, Ouyang, Bin, Palmer, Paul I., Percival, Carl, Popoola, Olalekan, Reeves, Claire, Rickard, Andrew R., Shao, Longyi, Shi, Guangyu, Spracklen, Dominick, Stevenson, David, Sun, Yele, Sun, Zhiwei, Tao, Shu, Tong, Shengrui, Wang, Qingqing, Wang, Wenhua, Wang, Xinming, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Zifang, Wei, Lianfang, Whalley, Lisa, Wu, Xuefang, Wu, Zhijun, Xie, Pinhua, Yang, Fumo, Zhang, Qiang, Zhang, Yanli, Zhang, Yuanhang, and Zheng, Mei
Abstract: The Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-Beijing) programme is an international collaborative project focusing on understanding the sources, processes and health effects of air pollution in the Beijing megacity. APHH-Beijing brings together leading China and UK research groups, state-of-the-art infrastructure and air quality models to work on four research themes: (1) sources and emissions of air pollutants; (2) atmospheric processes affecting urban air pollution; (3) air pollution exposure and health impacts; and (4) interventions and solutions. Themes 1 and 2 are closely integrated and support Theme 3, while Themes 1–3 provide scientific data for Theme 4 to develop cost-effective air pollution mitigation solutions. This paper provides an introduction to (i) the rationale of the APHH-Beijing programme and (ii) the measurement and modelling activities performed as part of it. In addition, this paper introduces the meteorology and air quality conditions during two joint intensive field campaigns – a core integration activity in APHH-Beijing. The coordinated campaigns provided observations of the atmospheric chemistry and physics at two sites: (i) the Institute of Atmospheric Physics in central Beijing and (ii) Pinggu in rural Beijing during 10 November–10 December 2016 (winter) and 21 May–22 June 2017 (summer). The campaigns were complemented by numerical modelling and automatic air quality and low-cost sensor observations in the Beijing megacity. In summary, the paper provides background information on the APHH-Beijing programme and sets the scene for more focused papers addressing specific aspects, processes and effects of air pollution in Beijing.
Published: 2019

32. Whole-genome landscape of mucosal melanoma reveals diverse drivers and therapeutic targets.

Author: Newell, Felicity, Newell, Felicity, Kong, Yan, Wilmott, James S, Johansson, Peter A, Ferguson, Peter M, Cui, Chuanliang, Li, Zhongwu, Kazakoff, Stephen H, Burke, Hazel, Dodds, Tristan J, Patch, Ann-Marie, Nones, Katia, Tembe, Varsha, Shang, Ping, van der Weyden, Louise, Wong, Kim, Holmes, Oliver, Lo, Serigne, Leonard, Conrad, Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, Rawson, Robert V, Mukhopadhyay, Pamela, Dummer, Reinhard, Levesque, Mitchell P, Jönsson, Göran, Wang, Xuan, Yeh, Iwei, Wu, Hong, Joseph, Nancy, Bastian, Boris C, Long, Georgina V, Spillane, Andrew J, Shannon, Kerwin F, Thompson, John F, Saw, Robyn PM, Adams, David J, Si, Lu, Pearson, John V, Hayward, Nicholas K, Waddell, Nicola, Mann, Graham J, Guo, Jun, Scolyer, Richard A, Newell, Felicity, Newell, Felicity, Kong, Yan, Wilmott, James S, Johansson, Peter A, Ferguson, Peter M, Cui, Chuanliang, Li, Zhongwu, Kazakoff, Stephen H, Burke, Hazel, Dodds, Tristan J, Patch, Ann-Marie, Nones, Katia, Tembe, Varsha, Shang, Ping, van der Weyden, Louise, Wong, Kim, Holmes, Oliver, Lo, Serigne, Leonard, Conrad, Wood, Scott, Xu, Qinying, Rawson, Robert V, Mukhopadhyay, Pamela, Dummer, Reinhard, Levesque, Mitchell P, Jönsson, Göran, Wang, Xuan, Yeh, Iwei, Wu, Hong, Joseph, Nancy, Bastian, Boris C, Long, Georgina V, Spillane, Andrew J, Shannon, Kerwin F, Thompson, John F, Saw, Robyn PM, Adams, David J, Si, Lu, Pearson, John V, Hayward, Nicholas K, Waddell, Nicola, Mann, Graham J, Guo, Jun, and Scolyer, Richard A
Abstract: Knowledge of key drivers and therapeutic targets in mucosal melanoma is limited due to the paucity of comprehensive mutation data on this rare tumor type. To better understand the genomic landscape of mucosal melanoma, here we describe whole genome sequencing analysis of 67 tumors and validation of driver gene mutations by exome sequencing of 45 tumors. Tumors have a low point mutation burden and high numbers of structural variants, including recurrent structural rearrangements targeting TERT, CDK4 and MDM2. Significantly mutated genes are NRAS, BRAF, NF1, KIT, SF3B1, TP53, SPRED1, ATRX, HLA-A and CHD8. SF3B1 mutations occur more commonly in female genital and anorectal melanomas and CTNNB1 mutations implicate a role for WNT signaling defects in the genesis of some mucosal melanomas. TERT aberrations and ATRX mutations are associated with alterations in telomere length. Mutation profiles of the majority of mucosal melanomas suggest potential susceptibility to CDK4/6 and/or MEK inhibitors.
Published: 2019

33. Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction of Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Subtypes

Author: Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K., Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Auer, Paul L., Auvinen, Paivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y., Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chanock, Stephen J., Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., Devilee, Peter, Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Foersti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M., Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Gilyazova, Irina R., Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Alnaes, Grethe I. Grenaker, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E., Harkness, Elaine F., Hart, Steven N., He, Wei, Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hoover, Robert N., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Humphreys, Keith, Hunter, David J., Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Kataja, Vesa, Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Knight, Julia A., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kristensen, Vessela N., Kruger, Ute, Kuehl, Tabea, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Lilyquist, Jenna, Lindblom, Annika, Lindstrom, Sara, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lo, Wing-Yee, Loibl, Sibylle, Long, Jirong, Lubinski, Jan, Lux, Michael P., MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Kostovska, Ivana Maleva, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, McLean, Catriona, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Middha, Pooja, Miller, Nicola, Moreno, Fernando, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Mulot, Claire, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Newman, William G., Nielsen, Sune F., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Pankratz, V. Shane, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Perez, Jose I. A., Perez-Barrios, Clara, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Pinchev, Mila, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Polley, Eric C., Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Purrington, Kristen, Pylkas, Katri, Rack, Brigitte, Radice, Paolo, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S., Rhenius, Valerie, Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Ruddy, Kathryn J., Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P., Sawyer, Elinor J., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schumacher, Fredrick, Schuermann, Peter, Schwentner, Lukas, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Seynaeve, Caroline, Shah, Mitul, Sherman, Mark E., Shrubsole, Martha J., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Slager, Susan, Smeets, Ann, Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Stegmaier, Christa, Stone, Jennifer, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Terry, Mary Beth, Thoene, Kathrin, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Truong, Therese, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Veen, Elke M., Vijai, Joseph, Weinberg, Clarice R., Wendt, Camilla, Whittemore, Alice S., Wildiers, Hans, Willett, Walter, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Clarke, Christine, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Sexton, Adrienne, Dobrovic, Alex, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christobel, Saunders, Christobel, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Ortega, David Gallego, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Campbell, Ian, Hickie, Ian, Caldon, Liz, Winship, Ingrid, Cui, James, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbs, John, Hopper, John, Beesley, Jonathan, Kirk, Judy, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Forrest, Laura, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Simard, Jacques, Balleine, Rose-Mary, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, Lok, Sheau, O'connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, McLachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Dudding, Tracy, Antill, Yoland, Sahlberg, Kristine K., Ottestad, Lars, Karesen, Rolf, Schlichting, Ellen, Holmen, Marit Muri, Sauer, Toril, Haakensen, Vilde, Engebraten, Olav, Naume, Bjorn, Fossa, Alexander, Kiserud, Cecile E., Reinertsen, Kristin, V, Helland, Aslaug, Riis, Margit, Geisler, Juergen, Dunning, Alison M., Thompson, Deborah J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Hall, Per, Milne, Roger L., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Kraft, Peter, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Easton, Douglas F., Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K., Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J., Auer, Paul L., Auvinen, Paivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W., Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y., Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chanock, Stephen J., Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L., Collee, J. Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J., Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S., Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., Devilee, Peter, Doerk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Foersti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M., Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Gilyazova, Irina R., Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Alnaes, Grethe I. Grenaker, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guenel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E., Harkness, Elaine F., Hart, Steven N., He, Wei, Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J., Hoover, Robert N., Hopper, John L., Howell, Anthony, Huang, Guanmengqian, Humphreys, Keith, Hunter, David J., Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E., Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Kataja, Vesa, Keeman, Renske, Kerin, Michael J., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Knight, Julia A., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kristensen, Vessela N., Kruger, Ute, Kuehl, Tabea, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Lilyquist, Jenna, Lindblom, Annika, Lindstrom, Sara, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lo, Wing-Yee, Loibl, Sibylle, Long, Jirong, Lubinski, Jan, Lux, Michael P., MacInnis, Robert J., Maishman, Tom, Makalic, Enes, Kostovska, Ivana Maleva, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, McLean, Catriona, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Middha, Pooja, Miller, Nicola, Moreno, Fernando, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Mulot, Claire, Munoz-Garzon, Victor M., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Neven, Patrick, Newman, William G., Nielsen, Sune F., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Norman, Aaron, Offit, Kenneth, Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Orr, Nick, Pankratz, V. Shane, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Perez, Jose I. A., Perez-Barrios, Clara, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Pinchev, Mila, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Polley, Eric C., Prentice, Ross, Presneau, Nadege, Prokofyeva, Darya, Purrington, Kristen, Pylkas, Katri, Rack, Brigitte, Radice, Paolo, Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S., Rhenius, Valerie, Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Ruddy, Kathryn J., Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P., Sawyer, Elinor J., Schmidt, Daniel F., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schoemaker, Minouk J., Schumacher, Fredrick, Schuermann, Peter, Schwentner, Lukas, Scott, Christopher, Scott, Rodney J., Seynaeve, Caroline, Shah, Mitul, Sherman, Mark E., Shrubsole, Martha J., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Slager, Susan, Smeets, Ann, Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Stegmaier, Christa, Stone, Jennifer, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Tamimi, Rulla M., Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Terry, Mary Beth, Thoene, Kathrin, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Tomlinson, Ian, Truong, Therese, Tzardi, Maria, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Veen, Elke M., Vijai, Joseph, Weinberg, Clarice R., Wendt, Camilla, Whittemore, Alice S., Wildiers, Hans, Willett, Walter, Winqvist, Robert, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zhang, Yan, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Clarke, Christine, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Sexton, Adrienne, Dobrovic, Alex, Christian, Alice, Trainer, Alison, Fellows, Andrew, Shelling, Andrew, De Fazio, Anna, Blackburn, Anneke, Crook, Ashley, Meiser, Bettina, Patterson, Briony, Clarke, Christobel, Saunders, Christobel, Hunt, Clare, Scott, Clare, Amor, David, Ortega, David Gallego, Marsh, Deb, Edkins, Edward, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Haan, Eric, Macrea, Finlay, Farshid, Gelareh, Lindeman, Geoff, Trench, Georgia, Mann, Graham, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Thorne, Heather, Campbell, Ian, Hickie, Ian, Caldon, Liz, Winship, Ingrid, Cui, James, Flanagan, James, Kollias, James, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Burke, Jo, Saunus, Jodi, Forbs, John, Hopper, John, Beesley, Jonathan, Kirk, Judy, French, Juliet, Tucker, Kathy, Wu, Kathy, Phillips, Kelly, Forrest, Laura, Lipton, Lara, Andrews, Leslie, Lobb, Lizz, Walker, Logan, Kentwell, Maira, Spurdle, Mandy, Cummings, Margaret, Gleeson, Margaret, Harris, Marion, Jenkins, Mark, Young, Mary Anne, Delatycki, Martin, Wallis, Mathew, Burgess, Matthew, Brown, Melissa, Southey, Melissa, Bogwitz, Michael, Field, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Gattas, Michael, Saleh, Mona, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Hayward, Nick, Pachter, Nick, Cohen, Paul, Duijf, Pascal, James, Paul, Simpson, Pete, Fong, Peter, Butow, Phyllis, Williams, Rachael, Kefford, Rick, Simard, Jacques, Balleine, Rose-Mary, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, Lok, Sheau, O'connell, Shona, Greening, Sian, Nightingale, Sophie, Edwards, Stacey, Fox, Stephen, McLachlan, Sue-Anne, Lakhani, Sunil, Dudding, Tracy, Antill, Yoland, Sahlberg, Kristine K., Ottestad, Lars, Karesen, Rolf, Schlichting, Ellen, Holmen, Marit Muri, Sauer, Toril, Haakensen, Vilde, Engebraten, Olav, Naume, Bjorn, Fossa, Alexander, Kiserud, Cecile E., Reinertsen, Kristin, V, Helland, Aslaug, Riis, Margit, Geisler, Juergen, Dunning, Alison M., Thompson, Deborah J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Hall, Per, Milne, Roger L., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Antoniou, Antonis C., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Kraft, Peter, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, and Easton, Douglas F.
Abstract: Stratification of women according to their risk of breast cancer based on polygenic risk scores (PRSs) could improve screening and prevention strategies. Our aim was to develop PRSs, optimized for prediction of estrogen receptor (ER)-specific disease, from the largest available genome-wide association dataset and to empirically validate the PRSs in prospective studies. The development dataset comprised 94,075 case subjects and 75,017 control subjects of European ancestry from 69 studies, divided into training and validation sets. Samples were genotyped using genome-wide arrays, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected by stepwise regression or lasso penalized regression. The best performing PRSs were validated in an independent test set comprising 11,428 case subjects and 18,323 control subjects from 10 prospective studies and 190,040 women from UK Biobank (3,215 incident breast cancers). For the best PRSs (313 SNPs), the odds ratio for overall disease per 1 standard deviation in ten prospective studies was 1.61 (95%CI: 1.57-1.65) with area under receiver-operator curve (AUC) = 0.630 (95%CI: 0.628-0.651). The lifetime risk of overall breast cancer in the top centile of the PRSs was 32.6%. Compared with women in the middle quintile, those in the highest 1% of risk had 4.37- and 2.78-fold risks, and those in the lowest 1% of risk had 0.16- and 0.27-fold risks, of developing ER-positive and ER-negative disease, respectively. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that this PRS was well calibrated and predicts disease risk accurately in the tails of the distribution. This PRS is a powerful and reliable predictor of breast cancer risk that may improve breast cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2019

34. The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer

Author: Figlioli, Gisella, Bogliolo, Massimo, Catucci, Irene, Caleca, Laura, Viz Lasheras, Sandra, Pujol, Roser, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Muranen, Taru A., Barnes, Daniel R., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K., Leslie, Goska, Aalfs, Cora M., Adank, Muriel A., Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Cadoo, Karen, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Ambrosone, Christine B., Andrews, Lesley, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auber, Bernd, Auvinen, Paivi, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Barwell, Julian, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beauparlant, Charles Joly, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Berger, Raanan, Bermisheva, Marina, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brady, Angela F., Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Caldes, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campa, Daniele, Campbell, Ian G., Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collavoli, Anita, Conner, Thomas A., Cox, David G., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Ditsch, Nina, Domchek, Susan M., Dorfling, Cecilia M., dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Durda, Katarzyna, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Flyger, Henrik, Foulkes, William D., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Gabrielson, Marike, Gaddam, Pragna, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Chi, Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Gayther, Simon A., Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Guenel, Pascal, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica M., Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hopper, John L., Hosgood, H. Dean, III, Howell, Anthony, Hu, Chunling, Hulick, Peter J., Hunter, David J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Jones, Michael E., Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Karlan, Beth Y., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M., Konstantopoulou, Irene, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Lambrechts, Diether, Lazaro, Conxi, Le Marchand, Loic, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lilyquist, Jenna, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Luben, Robert N., Lubinski, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Miller, Austin, Montagna, Marco, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Newman, William G., Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nielsen, Sarah, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olshan, Andrew F., Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Osorio, Ana, Ottini, Laura, Peissel, Bernard, Peixoto, Ana, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Pocza, Timea, Presneau, Nadege, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Punie, Kevin, Rack, Brigitte, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad U., Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Rhenius, Valerie, Romero, Atocha, Rookus, Matti A., Ross, Eric A., Rossing, Maria, Rudaitis, Vilius, Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanden, Kristin, Santamarina, Marta, Scheuner, Maren T., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneider, Michael, Scott, Christopher, Senter, Leigha, Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Steele, Linda, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Tapper, William J., Teixeira, Manuel R., Terry, Mary Beth, Thomassen, Mads, Thompson, Jennifer, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Torres, Diana, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., van Veen, Elke M., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wieme, Greet, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Zorn, Kristin K., Dunning, Alison M., Lush, Michael, Wang, Qin, McGuffog, Lesley, Parsons, Michael T., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Fostira, Florentia, Toland, Amanda E., Andrulis, Irene L., Ramus, Susan J., Swerdlow, Anthony J., Greene, Mark H., Chung, Wendy K., Milne, Roger L., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Doerk, Thilo, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Easton, Douglas F., Radice, Paolo, Hahnen, Eric, Antoniou, Antonis C., Couch, Fergus J., Nevanlinna, Heli, Surralles, Jordi, Peterlongo, Paolo, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Belotti, Muriel, Bertrand, Ophelie, Birot, Anne-Marie, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Dupre, Anais, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Le Mentec, Marine, Moncoutier, Virginie, de Pauw, Antoine, Saule, Claire, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Mlanie, Bressac-de-Paillerets, Brigitte, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Bourdon, Violaine, Nogues, Catherine, Noguchi, Tetsuro, Popovici, Cornel, Remenieras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Adenis, Claude, Dumont, Aurelie, Revillion, Francoise, Muller, Daniele, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bonnet, Francoise, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Guimbaud, Rosine, Feillel, Viviane, Toulas, Christine, Dreyfus, Helene, Leroux, Christine Dominique, Peysselon, Magalie, Rebischung, Christine, Legrand, Clementine, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Coron, Fanny, Faivre, Laurence, Jacquot, Caroline, Lizard, Sarab, Kientz, Caroline, Lebrun, Marine, Prieur, Fabienne, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Mari, Vronique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Colas, Chrystelle, Coulet, Florence, Soubrier, Florent, Warcoin, Mathilde, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Damette, Alexandre, Gesta, Paul, Lallaoui, Hakima, Chiesa, Jean, Molina-Gomes, Denise, Ingster, Olivier, Manouvrier-Hanu, Sylvie, Lejeune, Sophie, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Greening, Sian, Amor, David, Gattas, Mike, Botes, Leon, Buckley, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Koehler, Jessica, Meiser, Bettina, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Trainer, Alison, Tucker, Kathy, Antill, Yoland, Dobrovic, Alexander, Fellows, Andrew, Fox, Stephen, Harris, Marion, Nightingale, Sophie, Phillips, Kelly, Sambrook, Joe, Thorne, Heather, Armitage, Shane, Arnold, Leanne, Kefford, Rick, Kirk, Judy, Rickard, Edwina, Bastick, Patti, Beesley, Jonathan, Hayward, Nick, Spurdle, Amanda, Walker, Logan, Beilby, John, Saunders, Christobel, Bennett, Ian, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Gaff, Clara, Lindeman, Geoff, Pachter, Nick, Scott, Clare, Sexton, Adrienne, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Winship, Ingrid, Brennan, Meagan, Brown, Melissa, French, Juliet, Edwards, Stacey, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Butow, Phyllis, Culling, Bronwyn, Caldon, Liz, Callen, David, Chauhan, Deepa, Eisenbruch, Maurice, Heiniger, Louise, Chauhan, Manisha, Christian, Alice, Dixon, Joanne, Kidd, Alexa, Cohen, Paul, Colley, Alison, Fenton, Georgina, Crook, Ashley, Dickson, Rebecca, Field, Michael, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, DeFazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dudding, Tracy, Edkins, Ted, Farshid, Gelareh, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forrest, Laura, Gallego-Ortega, David, George, Peter, Gill, Grantley, Kollias, James, Haan, Eric, Hart, Stewart, Jenkins, Mark, Hunt, Clare, Lakhani, Sunil, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Liz, Mann, Graham, McLachlan, Sue Anne, O'Connell, Shona, O'Sullivan, Sarah, Pieper, Ellen, Robinson, Bridget, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Elizabeth, Shelling, Andrew, Williams, Rachael, Young, Mary Ann, Figlioli, Gisella, Bogliolo, Massimo, Catucci, Irene, Caleca, Laura, Viz Lasheras, Sandra, Pujol, Roser, Kiiski, Johanna, I, Muranen, Taru A., Barnes, Daniel R., Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K., Leslie, Goska, Aalfs, Cora M., Adank, Muriel A., Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Cadoo, Karen, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomaki, Kristiina, Ambrosone, Christine B., Andrews, Lesley, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auber, Bernd, Auvinen, Paivi, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmana, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Barrowdale, Daniel, Barwell, Julian, Freeman, Laura E. Beane, Beauparlant, Charles Joly, Beckmann, Matthias W., Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Berger, Raanan, Bermisheva, Marina, Blanco, Amie M., Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia, V, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brady, Angela F., Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Bruening, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Caldes, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campa, Daniele, Campbell, Ian G., Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Collavoli, Anita, Conner, Thomas A., Cox, David G., Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S., Ditsch, Nina, Domchek, Susan M., Dorfling, Cecilia M., dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Durda, Katarzyna, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Ekici, Arif B., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Figueroa, Jonine, Flyger, Henrik, Foulkes, William D., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Gabrielson, Marike, Gaddam, Pragna, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Chi, Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Gaudet, Mia M., Gayther, Simon A., Giles, Graham G., Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., Guenel, Pascal, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica M., Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A., Hakansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hein, Alexander, Heyworth, Jane, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hopper, John L., Hosgood, H. Dean, III, Howell, Anthony, Hu, Chunling, Hulick, Peter J., Hunter, David J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Isaacs, Claudine, Jakimovska, Milena, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M., Jones, Michael E., Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Karlan, Beth Y., Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M., Konstantopoulou, Irene, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Lambrechts, Diether, Lazaro, Conxi, Le Marchand, Loic, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lilyquist, Jenna, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Luben, Robert N., Lubinski, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Maurer, Tabea, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Miller, Austin, Montagna, Marco, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Newman, William G., Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nielsen, Sarah, Nikitina-Zake, Liene, Offit, Kenneth, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo, I, Olshan, Andrew F., Olson, Janet E., Olsson, Hakan, Osorio, Ana, Ottini, Laura, Peissel, Bernard, Peixoto, Ana, Peto, Julian, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Pocza, Timea, Presneau, Nadege, Angel Pujana, Miquel, Punie, Kevin, Rack, Brigitte, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad U., Rau-Murthy, Rohini, Rennert, Gad, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Rhenius, Valerie, Romero, Atocha, Rookus, Matti A., Ross, Eric A., Rossing, Maria, Rudaitis, Vilius, Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sanden, Kristin, Santamarina, Marta, Scheuner, Maren T., Schmutzler, Rita K., Schneider, Michael, Scott, Christopher, Senter, Leigha, Shah, Mitul, Sharma, Priyanka, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Sohn, Christof, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Steele, Linda, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Tapper, William J., Teixeira, Manuel R., Terry, Mary Beth, Thomassen, Mads, Thompson, Jennifer, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Torres, Diana, Troester, Melissa A., Truong, Therese, Tung, Nadine, Untch, Michael, Vachon, Celine M., van Rensburg, Elizabeth J., van Veen, Elke M., Vega, Ana, Viel, Alessandra, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wieme, Greet, Wolk, Alicja, Yang, Xiaohong R., Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Zorn, Kristin K., Dunning, Alison M., Lush, Michael, Wang, Qin, McGuffog, Lesley, Parsons, Michael T., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Fostira, Florentia, Toland, Amanda E., Andrulis, Irene L., Ramus, Susan J., Swerdlow, Anthony J., Greene, Mark H., Chung, Wendy K., Milne, Roger L., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Doerk, Thilo, Schmidt, Marjanka K., Easton, Douglas F., Radice, Paolo, Hahnen, Eric, Antoniou, Antonis C., Couch, Fergus J., Nevanlinna, Heli, Surralles, Jordi, Peterlongo, Paolo, Balleine, Rosemary, Baxter, Robert, Braye, Stephen, Carpenter, Jane, Dahlstrom, Jane, Forbes, John, Lee, C. Soon, Marsh, Deborah, Morey, Adrienne, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Scott, Rodney, Simpson, Peter, Spigelman, Allan, Wilcken, Nicholas, Yip, Desmond, Zeps, Nikolajs, Belotti, Muriel, Bertrand, Ophelie, Birot, Anne-Marie, Buecher, Bruno, Caputo, Sandrine, Dupre, Anais, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Le Mentec, Marine, Moncoutier, Virginie, de Pauw, Antoine, Saule, Claire, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Leone, Mlanie, Bressac-de-Paillerets, Brigitte, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Bonadona, Valerie, Lasset, Christine, Berthet, Pascaline, Castera, Laurent, Vaur, Dominique, Bourdon, Violaine, Nogues, Catherine, Noguchi, Tetsuro, Popovici, Cornel, Remenieras, Audrey, Sobol, Hagay, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Adenis, Claude, Dumont, Aurelie, Revillion, Francoise, Muller, Daniele, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bonnet, Francoise, Bubien, Virginie, Longy, Michel, Sevenet, Nicolas, Gladieff, Laurence, Guimbaud, Rosine, Feillel, Viviane, Toulas, Christine, Dreyfus, Helene, Leroux, Christine Dominique, Peysselon, Magalie, Rebischung, Christine, Legrand, Clementine, Baurand, Amandine, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Coron, Fanny, Faivre, Laurence, Jacquot, Caroline, Lizard, Sarab, Kientz, Caroline, Lebrun, Marine, Prieur, Fabienne, Fert-Ferrer, Sandra, Mari, Vronique, Venat-Bouvet, Laurence, Bezieau, Stephane, Delnatte, Capucine, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Colas, Chrystelle, Coulet, Florence, Soubrier, Florent, Warcoin, Mathilde, Bronner, Myriam, Sokolowska, Johanna, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnes, Damette, Alexandre, Gesta, Paul, Lallaoui, Hakima, Chiesa, Jean, Molina-Gomes, Denise, Ingster, Olivier, Manouvrier-Hanu, Sylvie, Lejeune, Sophie, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Greening, Sian, Amor, David, Gattas, Mike, Botes, Leon, Buckley, Michael, Friedlander, Michael, Koehler, Jessica, Meiser, Bettina, Saleh, Mona, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Trainer, Alison, Tucker, Kathy, Antill, Yoland, Dobrovic, Alexander, Fellows, Andrew, Fox, Stephen, Harris, Marion, Nightingale, Sophie, Phillips, Kelly, Sambrook, Joe, Thorne, Heather, Armitage, Shane, Arnold, Leanne, Kefford, Rick, Kirk, Judy, Rickard, Edwina, Bastick, Patti, Beesley, Jonathan, Hayward, Nick, Spurdle, Amanda, Walker, Logan, Beilby, John, Saunders, Christobel, Bennett, Ian, Blackburn, Anneke, Bogwitz, Michael, Gaff, Clara, Lindeman, Geoff, Pachter, Nick, Scott, Clare, Sexton, Adrienne, Visvader, Jane, Taylor, Jessica, Winship, Ingrid, Brennan, Meagan, Brown, Melissa, French, Juliet, Edwards, Stacey, Burgess, Matthew, Burke, Jo, Patterson, Briony, Butow, Phyllis, Culling, Bronwyn, Caldon, Liz, Callen, David, Chauhan, Deepa, Eisenbruch, Maurice, Heiniger, Louise, Chauhan, Manisha, Christian, Alice, Dixon, Joanne, Kidd, Alexa, Cohen, Paul, Colley, Alison, Fenton, Georgina, Crook, Ashley, Dickson, Rebecca, Field, Michael, Cui, James, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, DeFazio, Anna, Delatycki, Martin, Dudding, Tracy, Edkins, Ted, Farshid, Gelareh, Flanagan, James, Fong, Peter, Forrest, Laura, Gallego-Ortega, David, George, Peter, Gill, Grantley, Kollias, James, Haan, Eric, Hart, Stewart, Jenkins, Mark, Hunt, Clare, Lakhani, Sunil, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Liz, Mann, Graham, McLachlan, Sue Anne, O'Connell, Shona, O'Sullivan, Sarah, Pieper, Ellen, Robinson, Bridget, Saunus, Jodi, Scott, Elizabeth, Shelling, Andrew, Williams, Rachael, and Young, Mary Ann
Abstract: Breast cancer is a common disease partially caused by genetic risk factors. Germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PAM, ATM, and CHEK2 are associated with breast cancer risk. FANCM, which encodes for a DNA translocase, has been proposed as a breast cancer predisposition gene, with greater effects for the ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. We tested the three recurrent protein-truncating variants FANCM:p.Arg658*, p.Gln1701*, and pArg1931* for association with breast cancer risk in 67,112 cases, 53,766 controls, and 26,662 carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2. These three variants were also studied functionally by measuring survival and chromosome fragility in FANCM(-/-) patient-derived immortalized fibroblasts treated with diepoxybutane or olaparib. We observed that FANCM:p.Arg658* was associated with increased risk of ER-negative disease and TNBC (OR = 2.44, P = 0.034 and OR = 3.79; P = 0.009, respectively). In a country-restricted analysis, we confirmed the associations detected for FANCM:p.Arg658* and found that also FANCM:p.Arg1931* was associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk (OR = 1.96; P = 0.006). The functional results indicated that all three variants were deleterious affecting cell survival and chromosome stability with FANCM:p.Arg658* causing more severe phenotypes. In conclusion, we confirmed that the two rare FANCM deleterious variants p.Arg658* and p.Arg1931* are risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Overall our data suggest that the effect of truncating variants on breast cancer risk may depend on their position in the gene. Cell sensitivity to olaparib exposure, identifies a possible therapeutic option to treat FANCM-associated tumors.
Published: 2019

35. Introduction to the special issue 'In-depth study of air pollution sources and processes within Beijing and its surrounding region (APHH-Beijing)'

Author: Shi, Zongbo, Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Harrison, Roy M., Grimmond, Sue, Yue, Siyao, Zhu, Tong, Lee, James, Han, Yiqun, Demuzere, Matthias, Dunmore, Rachel E., Ren, Lujie, Liu, Di, Wang, Yuanlin, Wild, Oliver, Allan, James, Acton, W. Joe, Barlow, Janet, Barratt, Benjamin, Beddows, David, Bloss, William J., Calzolai, Giulia, Carruthers, David, Carslaw, David C., Chan, Queenie, Chatzidiakou, Lia, Chen, Yang, Crilley, Leigh, Coe, Hugh, Dai, Tie, Doherty, Ruth, Duan, Fengkui, Fu, Pingqing, Ge, Baozhu, Ge, Maofa, Guan, Daobo, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., He, Kebin, Heal, Mathew, Heard, Dwayne, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hollaway, Michael, Hu, Min, Ji, Dongsheng, Jiang, Xujiang, Jones, Rod, Kalberer, Markus, Kelly, Frank J., Kramer, Louisa, Langford, Ben, Lin, Chun, Lewis, Alastair C., Li, Jie, Li, Weijun, Liu, Huan, Liu, Junfeng, Loh, Miranda, Lu, Keding, Lucarelli, Franco, Mann, Graham, McFiggans, Gordon, Miller, Mark R., Mills, Graham, Monk, Paul, Nemitz, Eiko, O'Connor, Fionna, Ouyang, Bin, Palmer, Paul I., Percival, Carl, Popoola, Olalekan, Reeves, Claire, Rickard, Andrew R., Shao, Longyi, Shi, Guangyu, Spracklen, Dominick, Stevenson, David, Sun, Yele, Sun, Zhiwei, Tao, Shu, Tong, Shengrui, Wang, Qingqing, Wang, Wenhua, Wang, Xinming, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Zifang, Wei, Lianfang, Whalley, Lisa, Wu, Xuefang, Wu, Zhijun, Xie, Pinhua, Yang, Fumo, Zhang, Qiang, Zhang, Yanli, Zhang, Yuanhang, Zheng, Mei, Shi, Zongbo, Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Harrison, Roy M., Grimmond, Sue, Yue, Siyao, Zhu, Tong, Lee, James, Han, Yiqun, Demuzere, Matthias, Dunmore, Rachel E., Ren, Lujie, Liu, Di, Wang, Yuanlin, Wild, Oliver, Allan, James, Acton, W. Joe, Barlow, Janet, Barratt, Benjamin, Beddows, David, Bloss, William J., Calzolai, Giulia, Carruthers, David, Carslaw, David C., Chan, Queenie, Chatzidiakou, Lia, Chen, Yang, Crilley, Leigh, Coe, Hugh, Dai, Tie, Doherty, Ruth, Duan, Fengkui, Fu, Pingqing, Ge, Baozhu, Ge, Maofa, Guan, Daobo, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., He, Kebin, Heal, Mathew, Heard, Dwayne, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hollaway, Michael, Hu, Min, Ji, Dongsheng, Jiang, Xujiang, Jones, Rod, Kalberer, Markus, Kelly, Frank J., Kramer, Louisa, Langford, Ben, Lin, Chun, Lewis, Alastair C., Li, Jie, Li, Weijun, Liu, Huan, Liu, Junfeng, Loh, Miranda, Lu, Keding, Lucarelli, Franco, Mann, Graham, McFiggans, Gordon, Miller, Mark R., Mills, Graham, Monk, Paul, Nemitz, Eiko, O'Connor, Fionna, Ouyang, Bin, Palmer, Paul I., Percival, Carl, Popoola, Olalekan, Reeves, Claire, Rickard, Andrew R., Shao, Longyi, Shi, Guangyu, Spracklen, Dominick, Stevenson, David, Sun, Yele, Sun, Zhiwei, Tao, Shu, Tong, Shengrui, Wang, Qingqing, Wang, Wenhua, Wang, Xinming, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Zifang, Wei, Lianfang, Whalley, Lisa, Wu, Xuefang, Wu, Zhijun, Xie, Pinhua, Yang, Fumo, Zhang, Qiang, Zhang, Yanli, Zhang, Yuanhang, and Zheng, Mei
Abstract: The Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-Beijing) programme is an international collaborative project focusing on understanding the sources, processes and health effects of air pollution in the Beijing megacity. APHH-Beijing brings together leading China and UK research groups, state-of-the-art infrastructure and air quality models to work on four research themes: (1) sources and emissions of air pollutants; (2) atmospheric processes affecting urban air pollution; (3) air pollution exposure and health impacts; and (4) interventions and solutions. Themes 1 and 2 are closely integrated and support Theme 3, while Themes 1–3 provide scientific data for Theme 4 to develop cost-effective air pollution mitigation solutions. This paper provides an introduction to (i) the rationale of the APHH-Beijing programme and (ii) the measurement and modelling activities performed as part of it. In addition, this paper introduces the meteorology and air quality conditions during two joint intensive field campaigns – a core integration activity in APHH-Beijing. The coordinated campaigns provided observations of the atmospheric chemistry and physics at two sites: (i) the Institute of Atmospheric Physics in central Beijing and (ii) Pinggu in rural Beijing during 10 November–10 December 2016 (winter) and 21 May–22 June 2017 (summer). The campaigns were complemented by numerical modelling and automatic air quality and low-cost sensor observations in the Beijing megacity. In summary, the paper provides background information on the APHH-Beijing programme and sets the scene for more focused papers addressing specific aspects, processes and effects of air pollution in Beijing.
Published: 2019

36. Evaluation of the contribution of germline variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 to uveal and cutaneous melanoma

Author: Johansson, Peter A., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Bourke, Lauren M., Palmer, Jane M., Zhang, Tongwu, Symmons, Judith, Howlie, Madeleine, Patch, Ann Marie, Read, Jazlyn, Holland, Elizabeth A., Schmid, Helen, Warrier, Sunil, Glasson, William, Höiom, Veronica, Wadt, Karin, Jönsson, Göran, Olsson, Håkan, Ingvar, Christian, Mann, Graham, Brown, Kevin M., Hayward, Nicholas K., Pritchard, Antonia L., Johansson, Peter A., Nathan, Vaishnavi, Bourke, Lauren M., Palmer, Jane M., Zhang, Tongwu, Symmons, Judith, Howlie, Madeleine, Patch, Ann Marie, Read, Jazlyn, Holland, Elizabeth A., Schmid, Helen, Warrier, Sunil, Glasson, William, Höiom, Veronica, Wadt, Karin, Jönsson, Göran, Olsson, Håkan, Ingvar, Christian, Mann, Graham, Brown, Kevin M., Hayward, Nicholas K., and Pritchard, Antonia L.
Abstract: Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose individuals to a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer, and elevated risk of other cancers, including those of the pancreas and prostate. BRCA2 mutation carriers may have increased risk of uveal melanoma (UM) and cutaneous melanoma (CM), but associations with these cancers in BRCA1 mutation carriers have been mixed. Here, we further assessed whether UM and CM are associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 by assessing the presence, segregation and reported/predicted pathogenicity of rare germline mutations (variant allele frequency < 0.01) in families with multiple members affected by these cancers. Whole-genome or exome sequencing was performed on 160 CM and/or UM families from Australia, the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden. Between one and five cases were sequenced from each family, totalling 307 individuals. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline variants and to assess carrier status in other available family members. A nonsense and a frameshift mutation were identified in BRCA1, both resulting in premature truncation of the protein (the first at p.Q516 and the second at codon 91, after the introduction of seven amino acids due to a frameshift deletion). These variants co-segregated with CM in individuals who consented for testing and were present in individuals with pancreatic, prostate and breast cancer in the respective families. In addition, 33 rare missense mutations (variant allele frequency ranging from 0.00782 to 0.000001 in the aggregated ExAC data) were identified in 34 families. Examining the previously reported evidence of functional consequence of these variants revealed all had been classified as either benign or of unknown consequence. Seeking further evidence of an association between BRCA1 variants and melanoma, we examined two whole-genome/exome sequenced collections of sporadic CM patients (total N = 763). We identified one individual with a deleterious BRCA1 variant, how
Published: 2019

37. Estimating CDKN2A mutation carrier probability among global familial melanoma cases using GenoMELPREDICT

Author: Taylor, Nicholas J., Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Avril, Marie Françoise, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Bruno, William, Calista, Donato, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Demenais, Florence, Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne Marie, Ghiorzo, P., Goldstein, Alisa M., Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, J., Harland, Mark, Hayward, Nicholas K., Hocevar, M., Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landi, Maria Teresa, Landman, Gilles, Larre-Borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Nagore, Eduardo, Olsson, Håkan, Palmer, Jane M., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Pritchard, Antonia L., Puig, Susana, Schmid, H., van der Stoep, Nienke, Tucker, Margaret A., Wadt, Karin A.W., Yang, Xiaohong R., Newton-Bishop, Julia A., Kanetsky, Peter A., Taylor, Nicholas J., Mitra, Nandita, Qian, Lu, Avril, Marie Françoise, Bishop, D. Timothy, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Bruno, William, Calista, Donato, Cuellar, Francisco, Cust, Anne E., Demenais, Florence, Elder, David E., Gerdes, Anne Marie, Ghiorzo, P., Goldstein, Alisa M., Grazziotin, Thais C., Gruis, Nelleke A., Hansson, J., Harland, Mark, Hayward, Nicholas K., Hocevar, M., Höiom, Veronica, Holland, Elizabeth A., Ingvar, Christian, Landi, Maria Teresa, Landman, Gilles, Larre-Borges, Alejandra, Mann, Graham J., Nagore, Eduardo, Olsson, Håkan, Palmer, Jane M., Perić, Barbara, Pjanova, Dace, Pritchard, Antonia L., Puig, Susana, Schmid, H., van der Stoep, Nienke, Tucker, Margaret A., Wadt, Karin A.W., Yang, Xiaohong R., Newton-Bishop, Julia A., and Kanetsky, Peter A.
Abstract: Background: Although rare in the general population, highly penetrant germline mutations in CDKN2A are responsible for 5%-40% of melanoma cases reported in melanoma-prone families. We sought to determine whether MELPREDICT was generalizable to a global series of families with melanoma and whether performance improvements can be achieved. Methods: In total, 2116 familial melanoma cases were ascertained by the international GenoMEL Consortium. We recapitulated the MELPREDICT model within our data (GenoMELPREDICT) to assess performance improvements by adding phenotypic risk factors and history of pancreatic cancer. We report areas under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) along with net reclassification indices (NRIs) as performance metrics. Results: MELPREDICT performed well (AUC 0.752, 95% CI 0.730-0.775), and GenoMELPREDICT performance was similar (AUC 0.748, 95% CI 0.726-0.771). Adding a reported history of pancreatic cancer yielded discriminatory improvement (P < .0001) in GenoMELPREDICT (AUC 0.772, 95% CI 0.750-0.793, NRI 0.40). Including phenotypic risk factors did not improve performance. Conclusion: The MELPREDICT model functioned well in a global data set of familial melanoma cases. Adding pancreatic cancer history improved model prediction. GenoMELPREDICT is a simple tool for predicting CDKN2A mutational status among melanoma patients from melanoma-prone families and can aid in directing these patients to receive genetic testing or cancer risk counseling.
Published: 2019

38. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 “year without a summer”, and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, although there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kg km−2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kg km−2, as compared to the mean ice-core-derived estimates of roughly 50 kg km−2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018

39. The Prognostic Significance of Low-Frequency Somatic Mutations in Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma.

Author: Zhao, Xiaobei, Zhao, Xiaobei, Little, Paul, Hoyle, Alan, Pegna, Guillaume, Hayward, Michele, Ivanova, Anastasia, Parker, Joel, Marron, David, Soloway, Matthew, Jo, Heejoon, Salazar, Ashley, Papakonstantinou, Michael, Bouchard, Deeanna, Jefferys, Stuart, Hoadley, Katherine, Ollila, David, Frank, Jill, Thomas, Nancy, Googe, Paul, Ezzell, Ashley, Collichio, Frances, Lee, Carrie, Earp, H, Sharpless, Norman, Hugo, Willy, Wilmott, James, Quek, Camelia, Waddell, Nicola, Johansson, Peter, Thompson, John, Hayward, Nicholas, Mann, Graham, Lo, Roger, Johnson, Douglas, Scolyer, Richard, Hayes, D, Moschos, Stergios, Zhao, Xiaobei, Zhao, Xiaobei, Little, Paul, Hoyle, Alan, Pegna, Guillaume, Hayward, Michele, Ivanova, Anastasia, Parker, Joel, Marron, David, Soloway, Matthew, Jo, Heejoon, Salazar, Ashley, Papakonstantinou, Michael, Bouchard, Deeanna, Jefferys, Stuart, Hoadley, Katherine, Ollila, David, Frank, Jill, Thomas, Nancy, Googe, Paul, Ezzell, Ashley, Collichio, Frances, Lee, Carrie, Earp, H, Sharpless, Norman, Hugo, Willy, Wilmott, James, Quek, Camelia, Waddell, Nicola, Johansson, Peter, Thompson, John, Hayward, Nicholas, Mann, Graham, Lo, Roger, Johnson, Douglas, Scolyer, Richard, Hayes, D, and Moschos, Stergios
Abstract: Background: Little is known about the prognostic significance of somatically mutated genes in metastatic melanoma (MM). We have employed a combined clinical and bioinformatics approach on tumor samples from cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA) to identify mutated genes with potential clinical relevance. Methods: After limiting our DNA sequencing analysis to MM samples (n = 356) and to the CANCER CENSUS gene list, we filtered out mutations with low functional significance (snpEFF). We performed Cox analysis on 53 genes that were mutated in ≥3% of samples, and had ≥50% difference in incidence of mutations in deceased subjects versus alive subjects. Results: Four genes were potentially prognostic [RAC1, FGFR1, CARD11, CIITA; false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.2]. We identified 18 additional genes (e.g., SPEN, PDGFRB, GNAS, MAP2K1, EGFR, TSC2) that were less likely to have prognostic value (FDR < 0.4). Most somatic mutations in these 22 genes were infrequent (< 10%), associated with high somatic mutation burden, and were evenly distributed across all exons, except for RAC1 and MAP2K1. Mutations in only 9 of these 22 genes were also identified by RNA sequencing in >75% of the samples that exhibited corresponding DNA mutations. The low frequency, UV signature type and RNA expression of the 22 genes in MM samples were confirmed in a separate multi-institution validation cohort (n = 413). An underpowered analysis within a subset of this validation cohort with available patient follow-up (n = 224) showed that somatic mutations in SPEN and RAC1 reached borderline prognostic significance [log-rank favorable (p = 0.09) and adverse (p = 0.07), respectively]. Somatic mutations in SPEN, and to a lesser extent RAC1, were not associated with definite gene copy number or RNA expression alterations. High (>2+) nuclear plus cytoplasmic expression intensity for SPEN was associated with longer melanoma-specific overall survival (OS) compa
Published: 2018

40. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 "year without a summer", and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, al-though there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kgkm-2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kgkm-2, as compared to the mean ice-corederived estimates of roughly 50 kgkm-2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018
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41. The Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (ISA-MIP): Motivation and experimental design

Author: Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, Weisenstein, Debra, Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, and Weisenstein, Debra
Abstract: The Stratospheric Sulfur and its Role in Climate (SSiRC) interactive stratospheric aerosol model intercomparison project (ISA-MIP) explores uncertainties in the processes that connect volcanic emission of sulphur gas species and the radiative forcing associated with the resulting enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer. The central aim of ISA-MIP is to constrain and improve interactive stratospheric aerosol models and reduce uncertainties in the stratospheric aerosol forcing by comparing results of standardized model experiments with a range of observations. In this paper we present 4 co-ordinated inter-model experiments designed to investigate key processes which influence the formation and temporal development of stratospheric aerosol in different time periods of the observational record. The "Background" (BG) experiment will focus on microphysics and transport processes under volcanically quiescent conditions, when the stratospheric aerosol is controlled by the transport of aerosols and their precursors from the troposphere to the stratosphere. The "Transient Aerosol Record" (TAR) experiment will explore the role of small- to moderate-magnitude volcanic eruptions, anthropogenic sulphur emissions and transport processes over the period 1998–2012 and their role in the warming hiatus. Two further experiments will investigate the stratospheric sulphate aerosol evolution after major volcanic eruptions. The "Historical Eruptions SO2 Emission Assessment" (HErSEA) experiment will focus on the uncertainty in the initial emission of recent large-magnitude volcanic eruptions, while the "Pinatubo Emulation in Multiple models" (PoEMS) experiment will provide a comprehensive uncertainty analysis of the radiative forcing from the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. The Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (ISA-MIP): Motivation and experimental design

Author: Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, Weisenstein, Debra, Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, and Weisenstein, Debra
Abstract: The Stratospheric Sulfur and its Role in Climate (SSiRC) interactive stratospheric aerosol model intercomparison project (ISA-MIP) explores uncertainties in the processes that connect volcanic emission of sulphur gas species and the radiative forcing associated with the resulting enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer. The central aim of ISA-MIP is to constrain and improve interactive stratospheric aerosol models and reduce uncertainties in the stratospheric aerosol forcing by comparing results of standardized model experiments with a range of observations. In this paper we present 4 co-ordinated inter-model experiments designed to investigate key processes which influence the formation and temporal development of stratospheric aerosol in different time periods of the observational record. The "Background" (BG) experiment will focus on microphysics and transport processes under volcanically quiescent conditions, when the stratospheric aerosol is controlled by the transport of aerosols and their precursors from the troposphere to the stratosphere. The "Transient Aerosol Record" (TAR) experiment will explore the role of small- to moderate-magnitude volcanic eruptions, anthropogenic sulphur emissions and transport processes over the period 1998–2012 and their role in the warming hiatus. Two further experiments will investigate the stratospheric sulphate aerosol evolution after major volcanic eruptions. The "Historical Eruptions SO2 Emission Assessment" (HErSEA) experiment will focus on the uncertainty in the initial emission of recent large-magnitude volcanic eruptions, while the "Pinatubo Emulation in Multiple models" (PoEMS) experiment will provide a comprehensive uncertainty analysis of the radiative forcing from the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 "year without a summer", and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, al-though there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kgkm-2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kgkm-2, as compared to the mean ice-corederived estimates of roughly 50 kgkm-2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 “year without a summer”, and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, although there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kg km−2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kg km−2, as compared to the mean ice-core-derived estimates of roughly 50 kg km−2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018

45. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 "year without a summer", and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, al-though there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kgkm-2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kgkm-2, as compared to the mean ice-corederived estimates of roughly 50 kgkm-2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. The Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Model Intercomparison Project (ISA-MIP): Motivation and experimental design

Author: Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, Weisenstein, Debra, Timmreck, Claudia, Mann, Graham W., Aquila, Valentina, Hommel, Rene, Lee, Lindsay A., Schmidt, Anja, Brühl, Christoph, Carn, Simon, Chin, Mian, Dhomse, Sandip S., Diehl, Thomas, English, Jason M., Mills, Michael J., Neely, Ryan, Sheng, Jianxiong, Toohey, Matthew, and Weisenstein, Debra
Abstract: The Stratospheric Sulfur and its Role in Climate (SSiRC) interactive stratospheric aerosol model intercomparison project (ISA-MIP) explores uncertainties in the processes that connect volcanic emission of sulphur gas species and the radiative forcing associated with the resulting enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer. The central aim of ISA-MIP is to constrain and improve interactive stratospheric aerosol models and reduce uncertainties in the stratospheric aerosol forcing by comparing results of standardized model experiments with a range of observations. In this paper we present 4 co-ordinated inter-model experiments designed to investigate key processes which influence the formation and temporal development of stratospheric aerosol in different time periods of the observational record. The "Background" (BG) experiment will focus on microphysics and transport processes under volcanically quiescent conditions, when the stratospheric aerosol is controlled by the transport of aerosols and their precursors from the troposphere to the stratosphere. The "Transient Aerosol Record" (TAR) experiment will explore the role of small- to moderate-magnitude volcanic eruptions, anthropogenic sulphur emissions and transport processes over the period 1998–2012 and their role in the warming hiatus. Two further experiments will investigate the stratospheric sulphate aerosol evolution after major volcanic eruptions. The "Historical Eruptions SO2 Emission Assessment" (HErSEA) experiment will focus on the uncertainty in the initial emission of recent large-magnitude volcanic eruptions, while the "Pinatubo Emulation in Multiple models" (PoEMS) experiment will provide a comprehensive uncertainty analysis of the radiative forcing from the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author: Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, Fiona, Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip, Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, and Tummon, Fiona
Abstract: The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 "year without a summer", and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, al-though there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kgkm-2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kgkm-2, as compared to the mean ice-corederived estimates of roughly 50 kgkm-2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Germline CDKN2A/P16INK4A mutations contribute to genetic determinism of sarcoma.

Author: UCL - SSS/DDUV - Institut de Duve, UCL - SSS/DDUV/MEXP - Médecine expérimentale, Jouenne, Fanélie, Chauvot de Beauchene, Isaure, Bollaert, Emeline, Avril, Marie-Françoise, Caron, Olivier, Ingster, Olivier, Lecesne, Axel, Benusiglio, Patrick, Terrier, Philippe, Caumette, Vincent, Pissaloux, Daniel, de la Fouchardière, Arnaud, Cabaret, Odile, N'Diaye, Birama, Velghe, Amélie, Bougeard, Gaelle, Mann, Graham J, Koscielny, Serge, Barrett, Jennifer H, Harland, Mark, Newton-Bishop, Julia, Gruis, Nelleke, Van Doorn, Remco, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Pierron, Gaelle, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Coupier, Isabelle, Guimbaud, Rosine, Delnatte, Capucine, Scoazec, Jean-Yves, Eggermont, Alexander M, Feunteun, Jean, Tchertanov, Luba, Demoulin, Jean-Baptiste, Frebourg, Thierry, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, UCL - SSS/DDUV - Institut de Duve, UCL - SSS/DDUV/MEXP - Médecine expérimentale, Jouenne, Fanélie, Chauvot de Beauchene, Isaure, Bollaert, Emeline, Avril, Marie-Françoise, Caron, Olivier, Ingster, Olivier, Lecesne, Axel, Benusiglio, Patrick, Terrier, Philippe, Caumette, Vincent, Pissaloux, Daniel, de la Fouchardière, Arnaud, Cabaret, Odile, N'Diaye, Birama, Velghe, Amélie, Bougeard, Gaelle, Mann, Graham J, Koscielny, Serge, Barrett, Jennifer H, Harland, Mark, Newton-Bishop, Julia, Gruis, Nelleke, Van Doorn, Remco, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Pierron, Gaelle, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Coupier, Isabelle, Guimbaud, Rosine, Delnatte, Capucine, Scoazec, Jean-Yves, Eggermont, Alexander M, Feunteun, Jean, Tchertanov, Luba, Demoulin, Jean-Baptiste, Frebourg, Thierry, and Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal malignancies whose pathogenesis is poorly understood; both environmental and genetic risk factors could contribute to their aetiology. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a familial aggregation of three individuals affected with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) without TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni-like, LFL) and found a shared pathogenic mutation in CDKN2A tumour suppressor gene. We searched for individuals with sarcoma among 474 melanoma-prone families with a CDKN2A-/+ genotype and for CDKN2A mutations in 190 TP53-negative LFL families where the index case was a sarcoma. Including the initial family, eight independent sarcoma cases carried a germline mutation in the CDKN2A/p16INK4A gene. In five out of seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sarcomas, heterozygosity was lost at germline CDKN2A mutations sites demonstrating complete loss of function. As sarcomas are rare in CDKN2A/p16INK4A carriers, we searched in constitutional WES of nine carriers for potential modifying rare variants and identified three in platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) gene. Molecular modelling showed that two never-described variants could impact the PDGFRA extracellular domain structure. CONCLUSION: Germline mutations in CDKN2A/P16INK4A, a gene known to predispose to hereditary melanoma, pancreatic cancer and tobacco-related cancers, account also for a subset of hereditary sarcoma. In addition, we identified PDGFRA as a candidate modifier gene.
Published: 2017

49. Strong constraints on aerosol-cloud interactions from volcanic eruptions

Author: Malavelle, Florent F., Haywood, Jim M., Ones, Andy J., Gettelman, Andrew, Larisse, Lieven C., Bauduin, Sophie, Allan, Richard P., Karset, Inger Helene H., Kristjansson, Jon Egill, Oreopoulos, Lazaros, Ho, Nayeong C., Lee, Dongmin, Bellouin, Nicolas, Boucher, Olivier, Grosvenor, Daniel P., Arslaw, Ken S. C., Dhomse, Sandip, Mann, Graham W., Schmidt, Anja, Coe, Hugh, Hartley, Margaret E., Dalvi, Mohit, Hill, Adrian A., Johnson, Ben T., Johnson, Colin E., Knight, Jeff R., O'Connor, Fiona M., Partridge, Daniel G., Stier, Philip, Myhre, Gunnar, Platnick, Steven, Stephens, Graeme L., Takahashi, Hanii, Thordarson, Thorvaldur, Malavelle, Florent F., Haywood, Jim M., Ones, Andy J., Gettelman, Andrew, Larisse, Lieven C., Bauduin, Sophie, Allan, Richard P., Karset, Inger Helene H., Kristjansson, Jon Egill, Oreopoulos, Lazaros, Ho, Nayeong C., Lee, Dongmin, Bellouin, Nicolas, Boucher, Olivier, Grosvenor, Daniel P., Arslaw, Ken S. C., Dhomse, Sandip, Mann, Graham W., Schmidt, Anja, Coe, Hugh, Hartley, Margaret E., Dalvi, Mohit, Hill, Adrian A., Johnson, Ben T., Johnson, Colin E., Knight, Jeff R., O'Connor, Fiona M., Partridge, Daniel G., Stier, Philip, Myhre, Gunnar, Platnick, Steven, Stephens, Graeme L., Takahashi, Hanii, and Thordarson, Thorvaldur
Abstract: Aerosols have a potentially large effect on climate, particularly through their interactions with clouds, but the magnitude of this effect is highly uncertain. Large volcanic eruptions produce sulfur dioxide, which in turn produces aerosols; these eruptions thus represent a natural experiment through which to quantify aerosol-cloud interactions. Here we show that the massive 2014-2015 fissure eruption in Holuhraun, Iceland, reduced the size of liquid cloud droplets-consistent with expectations-but had no discernible effect on other cloud properties. The reduction in droplet size led to cloud brightening and global-mean radiative forcing of around -0.2 watts per square metre for September to October 2014. Changes in cloud amount or cloud liquid water path, however, were undetectable, indicating that these indirect effects, and cloud systems in general, are well buffered against aerosol changes. This result will reduce uncertainties in future climate projections, because we are now able to reject results from climate models with an excessive liquid-water-path response.
Published: 2017
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50. ISEEK, a tool for high speed, concurrent, distributed forensic data acquisition

Author: Adams, Richard, Mann, Graham, Hobbs, Valerie, Adams, Richard, Mann, Graham, and Hobbs, Valerie
Abstract: Electronic discovery (also written as e-discovery or eDiscovery) and digital forensics are processes in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and processed with the expectation that it may be used as evidence in legal proceedings. Electronic evidence plays a fundamental role in many aspects of litigation (Stanfield, 2009). However, both eDiscovery and digital forensic approaches that rely on the creation of an index as part of their processing are struggling to cope with the huge increases in hard disk storage capacity. This paper introduces a novel technology that meets the existing and future data volume challenges faced by practitioners in these areas. The technology also addresses the concerns of those responsible for maintaining corporate networks as it does not require installation of ‘agents’ nor does it have any significant impact on network bandwidth during the search and collection process, even when this involves many computers. The technology is the embodiment of a patented process that opens the way for the development of new functionality, such as the detection of malware, compliance with corporate Information Technology (IT) policies and IT auditing. The technology introduced in this paper has been incorporated into a commercial tool called ISEEK that has already been successfully deployed in a variety of environments.
Published: 2017

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