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The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood. The study has undertaken the qualitative approach, a case study in which a triangulation method of collecting data was used. The research was carried out in the state of Perak, were three sign language teachers and eight learners in the early childhood phase were purposively selected for the study. After an inductive analysis approach of the data from interviews, observations and document analysis, the study found that the factors that affect the acquisition of sign language during early childhood, are the very factors that are supposed to enhance, support and nature the same acquisition of sign language in hearing-impaired learners during early childhood that they hinder. At the end of the day, this study intended to equip educators, parents and the society at large with knowledge on factors hindering the acquisition of sign language., El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia. El estudio ha emprendido el enfoque cualitativo, un estudio de caso en el que se utilizó un método de triangulación para recopilar datos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el estado de Perak, donde tres profesores de lenguaje de señas y ocho estudiantes en la fase de la primera infancia fueron seleccionados deliberadamente para el estudio. Después de un enfoque de análisis inductivo de los datos de entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos, el estudio encontró que los factores que afectan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas durante la primera infancia, son los mismos factores que se supone que mejoran, apoyan y dan naturaleza a la misma adquisición de el lenguaje de señas en los alumnos con discapacidad auditiva durante la primera infancia que obstaculizan. Al final del día, este estudio pretendía equipar a los educadores, los padres y la sociedad en general con el conocimiento de los factores que dificultan la adquisición del lenguaje de señas.

The education development and changes that have taken place either within the country or globally has made Civic and Citizenship Education (CCE) in the school system becomes important. However, often times this subject has been taken lightly by students as well as teachers and deemed as not important because this is a non-examination subject. This situation results in knowledge, skills and civic values not being able to be assimilated by students. Due to this factor, a study was conducted to review the effectiveness of the 3E Gallery (expose, explore, excite) in order to foster a sense of love for the diversity of cultural heritage through CCE. The study involves 24 students from Form 2 Aspiration (K8), a rural school in Pahang, Malaysia. The initial review and analysis was conducted through interviews, observations and analysis of students’ achievement of school-based Assessment. It was found that they were not interested in this subject because they were not clear of the needs to learn the subject. To change the paradigm, an effort through the learning approach 3E Gallery was carried out. This method is designed to build an active learning method that helps students understand their roles and responsibilities as responsible members in various social groups. With this method, students was introduced the skills of translating information and have the opportunity to experience the exploration into each gallery which was built by them. The finding shows that this activity produced a sense of excitement for the students to express love for the national arts heritage. The achievement in this subject has also increased after this learning approach was being applied. This reflects that the action taken in the action research study is timely and effective. Keywords: Civic and citizenship education, multicultural education, intercultural communicative competence

The education development and changes that have taken place either within the country or globally has made Civic and Citizenship Education (CCE) in the school system becomes important. However, often times this subject has been taken lightly by students as well as teachers and deemed as not important because this is a non-examination subject. This situation results in knowledge, skills and civic values not being able to be assimilated by students. Due to this factor, a study was conducted to review the effectiveness of the 3E Gallery (expose, explore, excite) in order to foster a sense of love for the diversity of cultural heritage through CCE. The study involves 24 students from Form 2 Aspiration (K8), a rural school in Pahang, Malaysia. The initial review and analysis was conducted through interviews, observations and analysis of students’ achievement of school-based Assessment. It was found that they were not interested in this subject because they were not clear of the needs to learn the subject. To change the paradigm, an effort through the learning approach 3E Gallery was carried out. This method is designed to build an active learning method that helps students understand their roles and responsibilities as responsible members in various social groups. With this method, students was introduced the skills of translating information and have the opportunity to experience the exploration into each gallery which was built by them. The finding shows that this activity produced a sense of excitement for the students to express love for the national arts heritage. The achievement in this subject has also increased after this learning approach was being applied. This reflects that the action taken in the action research study is timely and effective. Keywords: Civic and citizenship education, multicultural education, intercultural communicative competence