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1. Gravitational separation in polar firn

Author

Craig, H., Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.M., Chappellaz, J., Delmas, R.J., Lorius, C., Jouzel, J., Schwander, J., Craig, H., Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.M., Chappellaz, J., Delmas, R.J., Lorius, C., Jouzel, J., and Schwander, J.

Published
2022
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2. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica

Author

Petit, J. R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkov, N. I., Barnola, J. M., Basile, I., Bender, M., Chappellaz, J., Davis, M., Delaygue, G., Delmotte, M., Kotlyakov, V. M., Legrand, M., Lipenkov, V. Y., Lorius, C., Pepin, L., Ritz, C., Saltzman, E., Stievenard, M., Petit, J. R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkov, N. I., Barnola, J. M., Basile, I., Bender, M., Chappellaz, J., Davis, M., Delaygue, G., Delmotte, M., Kotlyakov, V. M., Legrand, M., Lipenkov, V. Y., Lorius, C., Pepin, L., Ritz, C., Saltzman, E., and Stievenard, M.

Abstract

The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Interglacial periods differed in temporal evolution and duration. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane correlate well with Antarctic air-temperature throughout the record. Present-day atmospheric burdens of these two important greenhouse gases seem to have been unprecedented during the past 420,000 years.

Published
2022
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3. Origin(s) of Antarctica's Wilkes subglacial basin

Author

Weihaupt, J.G. (author), Van der Hoeven, F.G. (author), Lorius, C. (author), Chambers, F.B. (author), Weihaupt, J.G. (author), Van der Hoeven, F.G. (author), Lorius, C. (author), and Chambers, F.B. (author)

Abstract

The Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB), the largest subglacial basin in East Antarctica, is a topographic depression of continental proportions that lies beneath the East Antarctic continental ice sheet. Discovered by the US Victoria Land Traverse 1959–60, the origin of the WSB and the influence of palaeoclimate on its overlying continental ice sheet have remained uncertain since the time of its discovery. Most explanations of origin favour lithospheric structural control as a function of tectonic activity. Lithospheric flexure due to thermally or isostatically induced uplift of the Transantarctic Mountains was suggested in the 1980s. Lithospheric extension and rifting was proposed in the 1990s. More recent investigations have revealed the presence of fold and thrust belts, casting doubt on flexural and extensional hypotheses as the primary mechanisms, suggesting instead a compressional scenario. While remaining inconclusive, these tectonic mechanisms in one form or another, or in combination, are now believed to have provided the structural control for the origin of the WSB. Not yet comprehensively examined, however, is the role of non-tectonic processes in the formation of the WSB, as they may have influenced the size, configuration, subglacial sedimentation and subglacial topography of the WSB. In this paper we review the tectonic hypotheses and examine post-tectonic climate change along with glacial and marine processes as potentially significant factors in the present condition and configuration of the WSB. In the process, we find that there are a number of features not included in previous investigations that may have been major factors in the modification of the subglacial basin., Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

Published
2013
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4. Origin(s) of Antarctica's Wilkes subglacial basin

Author

Weihaupt, J.G. (author), Van der Hoeven, F.G. (author), Lorius, C. (author), Chambers, F.B. (author), Weihaupt, J.G. (author), Van der Hoeven, F.G. (author), Lorius, C. (author), and Chambers, F.B. (author)

Abstract

The Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB), the largest subglacial basin in East Antarctica, is a topographic depression of continental proportions that lies beneath the East Antarctic continental ice sheet. Discovered by the US Victoria Land Traverse 1959–60, the origin of the WSB and the influence of palaeoclimate on its overlying continental ice sheet have remained uncertain since the time of its discovery. Most explanations of origin favour lithospheric structural control as a function of tectonic activity. Lithospheric flexure due to thermally or isostatically induced uplift of the Transantarctic Mountains was suggested in the 1980s. Lithospheric extension and rifting was proposed in the 1990s. More recent investigations have revealed the presence of fold and thrust belts, casting doubt on flexural and extensional hypotheses as the primary mechanisms, suggesting instead a compressional scenario. While remaining inconclusive, these tectonic mechanisms in one form or another, or in combination, are now believed to have provided the structural control for the origin of the WSB. Not yet comprehensively examined, however, is the role of non-tectonic processes in the formation of the WSB, as they may have influenced the size, configuration, subglacial sedimentation and subglacial topography of the WSB. In this paper we review the tectonic hypotheses and examine post-tectonic climate change along with glacial and marine processes as potentially significant factors in the present condition and configuration of the WSB. In the process, we find that there are a number of features not included in previous investigations that may have been major factors in the modification of the subglacial basin., Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

Published
2013
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5. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica

Author

Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Jouzel, J, Raynaud, D, Barkov, NI, Barnola, JM, Basile, I, Bender, M, Chappellaz, J, Davis, M, Delaygue, G, Delmotte, M, Kotiyakov, VM, Legrand, M, Lipenkov, VY, Lorius, C, Pépin, L, Ritz, C, Saltzman, E, Stievenard, M, Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Jouzel, J, Raynaud, D, Barkov, NI, Barnola, JM, Basile, I, Bender, M, Chappellaz, J, Davis, M, Delaygue, G, Delmotte, M, Kotiyakov, VM, Legrand, M, Lipenkov, VY, Lorius, C, Pépin, L, Ritz, C, Saltzman, E, and Stievenard, M

Abstract

The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Interglacial periods differed in temporal evolution and duration. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane correlate well with Antarctic air-temperature throughout the record. Present-day atmospheric burdens of these two important greenhouse gases seem to have been unprecedented during the past 420,000 years.

Published
1999

6. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica

Author

Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Jouzel, J, Raynaud, D, Barkov, NI, Barnola, JM, Basile, I, Bender, M, Chappellaz, J, Davis, M, Delaygue, G, Delmotte, M, Kotiyakov, VM, Legrand, M, Lipenkov, VY, Lorius, C, Pépin, L, Ritz, C, Saltzman, E, Stievenard, M, Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Jouzel, J, Raynaud, D, Barkov, NI, Barnola, JM, Basile, I, Bender, M, Chappellaz, J, Davis, M, Delaygue, G, Delmotte, M, Kotiyakov, VM, Legrand, M, Lipenkov, VY, Lorius, C, Pépin, L, Ritz, C, Saltzman, E, and Stievenard, M

Abstract

The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Interglacial periods differed in temporal evolution and duration. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane correlate well with Antarctic air-temperature throughout the record. Present-day atmospheric burdens of these two important greenhouse gases seem to have been unprecedented during the past 420,000 years.

Published
1999

7. Four climate cycles in Vostok ice core [11]

Author

Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Basile, I, Leruyuet, A, Raynaud, D, Lorius, C, Jouzel, J, Stievenard, M, Lipenkov, VY, Barkov, NI, Kudryashov, BB, Davis, M, Saltzman, E, Kotlyakov, V, Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Basile, I, Leruyuet, A, Raynaud, D, Lorius, C, Jouzel, J, Stievenard, M, Lipenkov, VY, Barkov, NI, Kudryashov, BB, Davis, M, Saltzman, E, and Kotlyakov, V

Published
1997

8. Four climate cycles in Vostok ice core [11]

Author

Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Basile, I, Leruyuet, A, Raynaud, D, Lorius, C, Jouzel, J, Stievenard, M, Lipenkov, VY, Barkov, NI, Kudryashov, BB, Davis, M, Saltzman, E, Kotlyakov, V, Petit, JR, Petit, JR, Basile, I, Leruyuet, A, Raynaud, D, Lorius, C, Jouzel, J, Stievenard, M, Lipenkov, VY, Barkov, NI, Kudryashov, BB, Davis, M, Saltzman, E, and Kotlyakov, V

Published
1997

11. International Effort Helps Decipher Mysteries of Paleoclimate from Antarctic Ice Cores

Author

Abynov, S. S., Abynov, S. S., Angelis, M., Barkov, B. I., Barnola, J. M., Bender, M., Chapellaz, J., Chistiakov, V. K., Duval, P., Genthon, C., Jouzel, J., Kotlyakov, V. M., Korotkevitch, Ye. S., Kudriashov, B. B., Lipenkov, V. Y., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Malaize, B., Martinerie, P., Nikolayev, V. I., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Raisbeck, G., Ritz, C., Salamantin, A. N., Saltzman, E., Sowers, T., Stievenard, M., Vostretsov, R. N., Wahlen, M., Waelbroeck, C., Yiou, F., Yiou, P., Abynov, S. S., Abynov, S. S., Angelis, M., Barkov, B. I., Barnola, J. M., Bender, M., Chapellaz, J., Chistiakov, V. K., Duval, P., Genthon, C., Jouzel, J., Kotlyakov, V. M., Korotkevitch, Ye. S., Kudriashov, B. B., Lipenkov, V. Y., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Malaize, B., Martinerie, P., Nikolayev, V. I., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Raisbeck, G., Ritz, C., Salamantin, A. N., Saltzman, E., Sowers, T., Stievenard, M., Vostretsov, R. N., Wahlen, M., Waelbroeck, C., Yiou, F., and Yiou, P.

Abstract

Ice cores drilled at Vostok Station, Antarctica, and studied over the past 10 years by Russia, France, and the United States (Figure 1) are providing a wealth of information about past climate and environmental changes over more than a full glacial-interglacial cycle. The ice cores show that East Antarctica was colder and drier during glacial periods than during the Holocene and that large-scale atmospheric circulation was more vigorous during glacial times. They also support evidence from deep-sea sediment studies favoring orbital forcing of Pleistocene climate, reveal direct correlations of carbon dioxide and methane concentrations with temperature, and indicate how the accumulation of trace compounds have changed through time.

Published
1995

12. International Effort Helps Decipher Mysteries of Paleoclimate from Antarctic Ice Cores

Author

Abynov, S. S., Abynov, S. S., Angelis, M., Barkov, B. I., Barnola, J. M., Bender, M., Chapellaz, J., Chistiakov, V. K., Duval, P., Genthon, C., Jouzel, J., Kotlyakov, V. M., Korotkevitch, Ye. S., Kudriashov, B. B., Lipenkov, V. Y., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Malaize, B., Martinerie, P., Nikolayev, V. I., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Raisbeck, G., Ritz, C., Salamantin, A. N., Saltzman, E., Sowers, T., Stievenard, M., Vostretsov, R. N., Wahlen, M., Waelbroeck, C., Yiou, F., Yiou, P., Abynov, S. S., Abynov, S. S., Angelis, M., Barkov, B. I., Barnola, J. M., Bender, M., Chapellaz, J., Chistiakov, V. K., Duval, P., Genthon, C., Jouzel, J., Kotlyakov, V. M., Korotkevitch, Ye. S., Kudriashov, B. B., Lipenkov, V. Y., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Malaize, B., Martinerie, P., Nikolayev, V. I., Petit, J. R., Raynaud, D., Raisbeck, G., Ritz, C., Salamantin, A. N., Saltzman, E., Sowers, T., Stievenard, M., Vostretsov, R. N., Wahlen, M., Waelbroeck, C., Yiou, F., and Yiou, P.

Abstract

Ice cores drilled at Vostok Station, Antarctica, and studied over the past 10 years by Russia, France, and the United States (Figure 1) are providing a wealth of information about past climate and environmental changes over more than a full glacial-interglacial cycle. The ice cores show that East Antarctica was colder and drier during glacial periods than during the Holocene and that large-scale atmospheric circulation was more vigorous during glacial times. They also support evidence from deep-sea sediment studies favoring orbital forcing of Pleistocene climate, reveal direct correlations of carbon dioxide and methane concentrations with temperature, and indicate how the accumulation of trace compounds have changed through time.

Published
1995

13. Climatic instability during the last interglacial revealed in the Greenland Summit ice-core

Author

Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) Members, Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Dansgaard, W., Angelis, M. de, Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, Andrea, Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, Heinrich, Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) Members, Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Dansgaard, W., Angelis, M. de, Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, Andrea, Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, Heinrich, Moore, J. C., and Oeschger, H.

Published
1993

14. Climatic instability during the last interglacial revealed in the Greenland Summit ice-core

Author

Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) Members, Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Dansgaard, W., Angelis, M. de, Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, Andrea, Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, Heinrich, Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) Members, Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Dansgaard, W., Angelis, M. de, Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, Andrea, Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, Heinrich, Moore, J. C., and Oeschger, H.

Published
1993

15. Climate instability during the last interglacial period recorded in the GRIP ice core

Author

Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Dansgaard, W., Deangelis, M., Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, A., Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, Sigfus Johann, Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, H., Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Orombelli, G., Peel, D. A., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Schwander, J., Shoji, H., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stievenard, M., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Thorsteinsson, T., Wolff, E. W., Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Dansgaard, W., Deangelis, M., Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, A., Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, Sigfus Johann, Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, H., Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Orombelli, G., Peel, D. A., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Schwander, J., Shoji, H., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stievenard, M., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Thorsteinsson, T., and Wolff, E. W.

Published
1993

16. Climate instability during the last interglacial period recorded in the GRIP ice core

Author

Anklin, M, Barnola, J, Beer, J, Blunier, T, Chappellaz, J, Clausen, H, Dahl Jensen, D, Dansgaard, W, De Angelis, M, Delmas, R, Duval, P, Fratta, M, Fuchs, A, Fuhrer, K, Gundestrup, N, Hammer, C, Iversen, P, Johnsen, S, Jouzel, J, Kipfstuhl, J, Legrand, M, Lorius, C, Maggi, V, Miller, H, Moore, J, Oeschger, H, Ormbelli, G, Peel, D, Raisbeck, G, Raynaud, D, Schott Hvidberg, C, Schwander, J, Shoji, H, Souchez, R, Stauffer, B, Steffensen, J, Stievenard, M, Sveinbjornsdottir, A, Thorsteinsson, T, Wolff, E, MAGGI, VALTER, Wolff, E., Anklin, M, Barnola, J, Beer, J, Blunier, T, Chappellaz, J, Clausen, H, Dahl Jensen, D, Dansgaard, W, De Angelis, M, Delmas, R, Duval, P, Fratta, M, Fuchs, A, Fuhrer, K, Gundestrup, N, Hammer, C, Iversen, P, Johnsen, S, Jouzel, J, Kipfstuhl, J, Legrand, M, Lorius, C, Maggi, V, Miller, H, Moore, J, Oeschger, H, Ormbelli, G, Peel, D, Raisbeck, G, Raynaud, D, Schott Hvidberg, C, Schwander, J, Shoji, H, Souchez, R, Stauffer, B, Steffensen, J, Stievenard, M, Sveinbjornsdottir, A, Thorsteinsson, T, Wolff, E, MAGGI, VALTER, and Wolff, E.

Abstract

Isotope and chemical analyses of the GRIP ice core from Summit, central Greenland, reveal that climate in Greenland during the last interglacial period was characterized by a series of severe cold periods, which began extremely rapidly and lasted from decades to centuries. As the last interglacial seems to have been slightly warmer than the present one, its unstable climate raises questions about the effects of future global warming

Published
1993

17. Climate instability during the last interglacial period recorded in the GRIP ice core

Author

Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Dansgaard, W., Deangelis, M., Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, A., Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, Sigfus Johann, Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, H., Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Orombelli, G., Peel, D. A., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Schwander, J., Shoji, H., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stievenard, M., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Thorsteinsson, T., Wolff, E. W., Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Dansgaard, W., Deangelis, M., Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, A., Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, Sigfus Johann, Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, H., Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Orombelli, G., Peel, D. A., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Hvidberg, Christine Schøtt, Schwander, J., Shoji, H., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Steffensen, J. P., Stievenard, M., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Thorsteinsson, T., and Wolff, E. W.

Published
1993

18. Polar Ice Cores: Climatic and Environmental Records

Author

LABORATOIRE DE GLACIOLOGIE ET GEOPHYSIQUE DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT SAINT-MARTIN D'HE RES (FRANCE), Lorius, C., LABORATOIRE DE GLACIOLOGIE ET GEOPHYSIQUE DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT SAINT-MARTIN D'HE RES (FRANCE), and Lorius, C.

Abstract

Ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica provide multiple proxy records of climatic and environmental parameters. They reveal the anthropogenic impact on aerosol concentrations in Greenland snow (i.e., S04 and N03) and on atmospheric greenhouse gases. For example, increases over the last 200 years are about 25% for C02, 8 % for N202 and about 200% for CH4. Over the last climatic cycle (i.e., - 150 Kyr) the glacial-interglacial surface temperature change may be -1O deg C, with glacial stages generally associated with lower snow accumulation and higher concentrations of marine and continental aerosols reflecting enlarged source areas and increased atmospheric transport. Greenland ice has recorded rapid changes of climate during the last ice age and deglaciation. The 18 or D records from the Vostok ice core (Antarctica) strongly suggest the role of insolation orbital forcing, as well as a close relation between temperature and greenhouse gas concentrations. C02 and CH4 concentrations increase by about 40% and 100% during glacial interglacial transitions, respectively. It appears likely that fluctuating greenhouse gas concentrations have had a significant role in the glacial-interglacial climate changes by amplifying, together with the growth and decay of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, the orbital forcing., This article is from 'Proceedings of the International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions in Global Change Held in Fairbanks, Alaska on 11-15 June 1990. Volume 2', AD-A253 028, p570-575. See also Volume 1, AD-A253 027.

Published
1992

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