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1. Lumen Apposing Metal Stents vs Double Pigtail Plastic Stents for the Drainage of Pancreatic Walled-Off Necrosis

Author: Valente, Roberto, Zarantonello, Laura, Del Chiaro, Marco, Vujasinovic, Miroslav, Silva, Francisco Baldaque, Scandavini, Chiara Maria, Rangelova, Elena, Vespasiano, Francesca, Anzillotti, Giuseppe, Lohr, Matthias J., Arnelo, Urban, Valente, Roberto, Zarantonello, Laura, Del Chiaro, Marco, Vujasinovic, Miroslav, Silva, Francisco Baldaque, Scandavini, Chiara Maria, Rangelova, Elena, Vespasiano, Francesca, Anzillotti, Giuseppe, Lohr, Matthias J., and Arnelo, Urban
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies compared lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) and standard double pigtail plastic stents (PS) for the endoscopic drainage of pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON). Albeit sometimes large, previously described cohorts display considerable heterogeneity and often pooled together data from several centers, involving multiple operators and techniques. Moreover, they often lack a control group for the comparison of outcomes.Aim: to compare clinical efficacy and safety of PS versus LAMS for the endoscopic drainage of infected WON. METHODS: Single-centre, 1:1 case-control study. We compared patients undergoing endoscopic drainages of infected WON through LAMS (cases) or PS (controls). The primary endpoint was the clinical efficacy (resolution of the WON/sepsis), the secondary endpoint was safety (procedure-related complications). RESULTS: Thirty patients were enrolled between 2011 and 2017. Cases and controls were homogeneous in terms of etiology and clinical characteristics. 93% of cases and 86.7% of controls were clinically successfully treated, with no significant differences in rates of post-operative infections, bleedings and stent migrations (respectively 13.3% vs 21.4%; p=0.65; 13.3% vs 0%; p=0.48; 13.3% vs 7.1%; p=1.00). No difference was shown regarding the need for additional percutaneous or surgical treatments (33.3% vs 13.3%; p=0.39). Cases, however, displayed a significantly prolonged mean hospital stay (90.2 days vs 18.5 days; p<0.01) and a higher mean number of endoscopic procedures per patient (4.8 vs 1.5; p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: PS might be not inferior to LAMS for the treatment WONs. Further prospective RCT is needed to compare clinical efficacy and safety in the two groups.
Published: 2024
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2. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Van Dijk, Matthijs A., Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, and Van Dijk, Matthijs A.
Abstract: In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

3. Phosphorothioate RNA Analysis by NETD Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Author: Peters-Clarke, Trenton, Peters-Clarke, Trenton, Quan, Qiuwen, Anderson, Benton, McGee, William, Lohr, Emily, Hebert, Alexander, Westphall, Michael, Coon, Joshua, Peters-Clarke, Trenton, Peters-Clarke, Trenton, Quan, Qiuwen, Anderson, Benton, McGee, William, Lohr, Emily, Hebert, Alexander, Westphall, Michael, and Coon, Joshua
Abstract: Therapeutic RNAs are routinely modified during their synthesis to ensure proper drug uptake, stability, and efficacy. Phosphorothioate (PS) RNA, molecules in which one or more backbone phosphates are modified with a sulfur atom in place of standard nonbridging oxygen, is one of the most common modifications because of ease of synthesis and pharmacokinetic benefits. Quality assessment of RNA synthesis, including modification incorporation, is essential for drug selectivity and performance, and the synthetic nature of the PS linkage incorporation often reveals impurities. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of PS RNA via tandem mass spectrometry (MS). We show that activated ion-negative electron transfer dissociation MS/MS is especially useful in diagnosing PS incorporation, producing diagnostic a- and z-type ions at PS linkage sites, beyond the standard d- and w-type ions. Analysis using resonant and beam-type collision-based activation reveals that, overall, more intense sequence ions and base-loss ions result when a PS modification is present. Furthermore, we report increased detection of b- and x-type product ions at sites of PS incorporation, in addition to the standard c- and y-type ions. This work reveals that the gas-phase chemical stability afforded by sulfur alters RNA dissociation and necessitates inclusion of additional product ions for MS/MS of PS RNA.
Published: 2024

4. Ferroptosis in health and disease.

Author: Berndt, Carsten, Berndt, Carsten, Alborzinia, Hamed, Amen, Vera, Ayton, Scott, Barayeu, Uladzimir, Bartelt, Alexander, Bayir, Hülya, Bebber, Christina, Birsoy, Kivanc, Böttcher, Jan, Brabletz, Simone, Brabletz, Thomas, Brown, Ashley, Brüne, Bernhard, Bulli, Giorgia, Bruneau, Alix, Chen, Quan, DeNicola, Gina, Dick, Tobias, Distéfano, Ayelén, Dixon, Scott, Engler, Jan, Esser-von Bieren, Julia, Fedorova, Maria, Friedmann Angeli, José, Friese, Manuel, Fuhrmann, Dominic, García-Sáez, Ana, Garbowicz, Karolina, Götz, Magdalena, Gu, Wei, Hammerich, Linda, Hassannia, Behrouz, Jiang, Xuejun, Jeridi, Aicha, Kang, Yun, Kagan, Valerian, Konrad, David, Kotschi, Stefan, Lei, Peng, Le Tertre, Marlène, Lev, Sima, Liang, Deguang, Linkermann, Andreas, Lohr, Carolin, Lorenz, Svenja, Luedde, Tom, Methner, Axel, Michalke, Bernhard, Milton, Anna, Min, Junxia, Mishima, Eikan, Müller, Sebastian, Motohashi, Hozumi, Muckenthaler, Martina, Murakami, Shohei, Olzmann, James, Pagnussat, Gabriela, Pan, Zijan, Papagiannakopoulos, Thales, Pedrera Puentes, Lohans, Pratt, Derek, Proneth, Bettina, Ramsauer, Lukas, Rodriguez, Raphael, Saito, Yoshiro, Schmidt, Felix, Schmitt, Carina, Schulze, Almut, Schwab, Annemarie, Schwantes, Anna, Soula, Mariluz, Spitzlberger, Benedikt, Stockwell, Brent, Thewes, Leonie, Thorn-Seshold, Oliver, Toyokuni, Shinya, Tonnus, Wulf, Trumpp, Andreas, Vandenabeele, Peter, Vanden Berghe, Tom, Venkataramani, Vivek, Vogel, Felix, von Karstedt, Silvia, Wang, Fudi, Westermann, Frank, Wientjens, Chantal, Wilhelm, Christoph, Wölk, Michele, Wu, Katherine, Yang, Xin, Yu, Fan, Zou, Yilong, Conrad, Marcus, Berndt, Carsten, Berndt, Carsten, Alborzinia, Hamed, Amen, Vera, Ayton, Scott, Barayeu, Uladzimir, Bartelt, Alexander, Bayir, Hülya, Bebber, Christina, Birsoy, Kivanc, Böttcher, Jan, Brabletz, Simone, Brabletz, Thomas, Brown, Ashley, Brüne, Bernhard, Bulli, Giorgia, Bruneau, Alix, Chen, Quan, DeNicola, Gina, Dick, Tobias, Distéfano, Ayelén, Dixon, Scott, Engler, Jan, Esser-von Bieren, Julia, Fedorova, Maria, Friedmann Angeli, José, Friese, Manuel, Fuhrmann, Dominic, García-Sáez, Ana, Garbowicz, Karolina, Götz, Magdalena, Gu, Wei, Hammerich, Linda, Hassannia, Behrouz, Jiang, Xuejun, Jeridi, Aicha, Kang, Yun, Kagan, Valerian, Konrad, David, Kotschi, Stefan, Lei, Peng, Le Tertre, Marlène, Lev, Sima, Liang, Deguang, Linkermann, Andreas, Lohr, Carolin, Lorenz, Svenja, Luedde, Tom, Methner, Axel, Michalke, Bernhard, Milton, Anna, Min, Junxia, Mishima, Eikan, Müller, Sebastian, Motohashi, Hozumi, Muckenthaler, Martina, Murakami, Shohei, Olzmann, James, Pagnussat, Gabriela, Pan, Zijan, Papagiannakopoulos, Thales, Pedrera Puentes, Lohans, Pratt, Derek, Proneth, Bettina, Ramsauer, Lukas, Rodriguez, Raphael, Saito, Yoshiro, Schmidt, Felix, Schmitt, Carina, Schulze, Almut, Schwab, Annemarie, Schwantes, Anna, Soula, Mariluz, Spitzlberger, Benedikt, Stockwell, Brent, Thewes, Leonie, Thorn-Seshold, Oliver, Toyokuni, Shinya, Tonnus, Wulf, Trumpp, Andreas, Vandenabeele, Peter, Vanden Berghe, Tom, Venkataramani, Vivek, Vogel, Felix, von Karstedt, Silvia, Wang, Fudi, Westermann, Frank, Wientjens, Chantal, Wilhelm, Christoph, Wölk, Michele, Wu, Katherine, Yang, Xin, Yu, Fan, Zou, Yilong, and Conrad, Marcus
Abstract: Ferroptosis is a pervasive non-apoptotic form of cell death highly relevant in various degenerative diseases and malignancies. The hallmark of ferroptosis is uncontrolled and overwhelming peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in membrane phospholipids, which eventually leads to rupture of the plasma membrane. Ferroptosis is unique in that it is essentially a spontaneous, uncatalyzed chemical process based on perturbed iron and redox homeostasis contributing to the cell death process, but that it is nonetheless modulated by many metabolic nodes that impinge on the cells susceptibility to ferroptosis. Among the various nodes affecting ferroptosis sensitivity, several have emerged as promising candidates for pharmacological intervention, rendering ferroptosis-related proteins attractive targets for the treatment of numerous currently incurable diseases. Herein, the current members of a Germany-wide research consortium focusing on ferroptosis research, as well as key external experts in ferroptosis who have made seminal contributions to this rapidly growing and exciting field of research, have gathered to provide a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review on ferroptosis. Specific topics include: basic mechanisms, in vivo relevance, specialized methodologies, chemical and pharmacological tools, and the potential contribution of ferroptosis to disease etiopathology and progression. We hope that this article will not only provide established scientists and newcomers to the field with an overview of the multiple facets of ferroptosis, but also encourage additional efforts to characterize further molecular pathways modulating ferroptosis, with the ultimate goal to develop novel pharmacotherapies to tackle the various diseases associated with - or caused by - ferroptosis.
Published: 2024

5. 'Let Them Try to Figure It Out First' - Reasons Why Experts (Do Not) Provide Feedback to Novice Programmers

Author: Lohr, Dominic, Kiesler, Natalie, Keuning, Hieke, Jeuring, Johan, Lohr, Dominic, Kiesler, Natalie, Keuning, Hieke, and Jeuring, Johan
Abstract: A recent ITiCSE working group investigated when and how experts give feedback and hints at steps novice programmers take when solving programming problems. Based on the feedback literature and an analysis of expert feedback on steps, the working group designed guidelines for when and how to give feedback. The feedback provided by educators using these guidelines on a number of sequences of student steps varied a lot. In this paper, we try to answer the question of why educators give feedback at particular steps to novice learners of programming. We prepared six authentic sequences of student steps when solving an introductory programming task. The preprocessed sequences were used in a survey to gather information about when and why an expert would give feedback. Respondents annotated each step from one sequence with if and why they would give feedback at that step. Our survey received 47 responses. We qualitatively analyzed the responses, resulting in a coding scheme consisting of 19 different reasons for why experts intervene (or not) when novice learners work on introductory programming tasks. We found a considerable variety of reasons experts give for when and how to help students with feedback and hints. Also, sometimes one expert uses a reason at a step to explain why they do intervene, and another expert uses the same reason at the step to not intervene. The categories of experts' feedback indicators will pave the way for several future studies and applications, including learning systems trying to resemble expert feedback strategies.
Published: 2024

6. Nonstandard Errors

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, Menkveld, Albert J., Dreber, Anna, Holzmeister, Felix, Huber, Juergen, Johannesson, Magnus, Kirchler, Michael, Neusüß, Sebastian, Razen, Michael, Weitzel, Utz, Abad, David, Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Adrian, Tobias, Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Akmansoy, Olivier, Alcock, Jamie T., Alexeev, Vitali, Aloosh, Arash, Amato, Livia, Amaya, Diego, Angel, James J., Avetikian, Alejandro T., Bach, Amadeus, Baidoo, Edwin, Bakalli, Gaetan, Bao, Li, Barbon, Andrea, Bashchenko, Oksana, Bindra, Parampreet C., Bjønnes, Geir H., Black, Jeffrey R., Black, Bernard S., Bogoev, Dimitar, Bohorquez Correa, Santiago, Bondarenko, Oleg, Bos, Charles S., Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Bouri, Elie, Brownlees, Christian, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera Romero, Laura M., Caporin, Massimiliano, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chen, Jian, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung-Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca F., Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Deku, Solomon Y., Desagre, Christophe, Van Dijk, Mathijs A., Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip A., Dudda, Tom, Duevski, Teodor, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, Ellen, Saskia Ter, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D. D., Farrell, Michael, Felez-Vinas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Ferrouhi, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan T., Foley, Sean D. V., Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco, Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Fu, Servanna M., Füllbrunn, Sascha C., Gan, Baoqing, Gao, Ge, Gehrig, Thomas P., Gemayel, Roland, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Gilder, Dudley, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Grammig, Joachim, Grégoire, Vincent, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, He, Xue-Zhong (Tony), Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence, Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth A., Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ilczuk, Konrad, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylhä, Petri, Kaeck, Andreas T., Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, Van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad A., Khomyn, Marta K., Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Krahnen, Jan P., Kuhle, Paul, Kwan, Amy, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, F. Y. Eric C., Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, Hui, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver, Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente, Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis, Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah, Mi, Michael G., Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Norden, Lars L., O'neill, Peter, Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt A., Östberg, Per, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon J., Park, Andreas, Pascual, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelli, Michele, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Putnins, Talis, Qian, Ya, Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David, Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Renjie, Rex W., Reno, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven J., Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Roesch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Roşu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen R., Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra A., Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus R., Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Seeger, Norman J., Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Sönksen, Jantje, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nick, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Vaduva, M. Andreea, Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, Van Der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wika, Hans C., Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Yihe, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Z., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan M., Zhang, Lu, Zhang, S. Sarah, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhao, Lu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu S., Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, Menkveld, Albert J., Dreber, Anna, Holzmeister, Felix, Huber, Juergen, Johannesson, Magnus, Kirchler, Michael, Neusüß, Sebastian, Razen, Michael, Weitzel, Utz, Abad, David, Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Adrian, Tobias, Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Akmansoy, Olivier, Alcock, Jamie T., Alexeev, Vitali, Aloosh, Arash, Amato, Livia, Amaya, Diego, Angel, James J., Avetikian, Alejandro T., Bach, Amadeus, Baidoo, Edwin, Bakalli, Gaetan, Bao, Li, Barbon, Andrea, Bashchenko, Oksana, Bindra, Parampreet C., Bjønnes, Geir H., Black, Jeffrey R., Black, Bernard S., Bogoev, Dimitar, Bohorquez Correa, Santiago, Bondarenko, Oleg, Bos, Charles S., Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Bouri, Elie, Brownlees, Christian, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera Romero, Laura M., Caporin, Massimiliano, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chen, Jian, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung-Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca F., Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Deku, Solomon Y., Desagre, Christophe, Van Dijk, Mathijs A., Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip A., Dudda, Tom, Duevski, Teodor, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, Ellen, Saskia Ter, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D. D., Farrell, Michael, Felez-Vinas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Ferrouhi, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan T., Foley, Sean D. V., Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco, Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Fu, Servanna M., Füllbrunn, Sascha C., Gan, Baoqing, Gao, Ge, Gehrig, Thomas P., Gemayel, Roland, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Gilder, Dudley, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Grammig, Joachim, Grégoire, Vincent, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, He, Xue-Zhong (Tony), Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence, Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth A., Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ilczuk, Konrad, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylhä, Petri, Kaeck, Andreas T., Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, Van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad A., Khomyn, Marta K., Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Krahnen, Jan P., Kuhle, Paul, Kwan, Amy, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, F. Y. Eric C., Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, Hui, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver, Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente, Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis, Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah, Mi, Michael G., Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Norden, Lars L., O'neill, Peter, Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt A., Östberg, Per, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon J., Park, Andreas, Pascual, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelli, Michele, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Putnins, Talis, Qian, Ya, Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David, Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Renjie, Rex W., Reno, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven J., Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Roesch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Roşu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen R., Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra A., Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus R., Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Seeger, Norman J., Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Sönksen, Jantje, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nick, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Vaduva, M. Andreea, Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, Van Der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wika, Hans C., Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Yihe, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Z., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan M., Zhang, Lu, Zhang, S. Sarah, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhao, Lu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu S., Zoican, Marius, and Zwinkels, Remco
Abstract: In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

7. De-Identifying GRASCCO - a Pilot Study for the De-Identification of the German Medical Text Project (GeMTeX) Corpus

Author: Lohr, C, Matthies, F, Faller, J, Modersohn, L, Riedel, A, Hahn, U, Kiser, R, Boeker, M, Meineke, FA, Lohr, C, Matthies, F, Faller, J, Modersohn, L, Riedel, A, Hahn, U, Kiser, R, Boeker, M, and Meineke, FA
Published: 2024

8. Ferroptosis in health and disease

Author: Berndt, C, Alborzinia, H, Amen, VS, Ayton, S, Barayeu, U, Bartelt, A, Bayir, H, Bebber, CM, Birsoy, K, Bottcher, JP, Brabletz, S, Brabletz, T, Brown, AR, Bruene, B, Bulli, G, Bruneau, A, Chen, Q, DeNicola, GM, Dick, TP, Distefano, A, Dixon, SJ, Engler, JB, Esser-von Bieren, J, Fedorova, M, Angeli, JPF, Friese, MA, Fuhrmann, DC, Garcia-Saez, AJ, Garbowicz, K, Gotz, M, Gu, W, Hammerich, L, Hassannia, B, Jiang, X, Jeridi, A, Kang, YP, Kagan, VE, Konrad, DB, Kotschi, S, Lei, P, Le Tertre, M, Lev, S, Liang, D, Linkermann, A, Lohr, C, Lorenz, S, Luedde, T, Methner, A, Michalke, B, Milton, A, Min, J, Mishima, E, Mueller, S, Motohashi, H, Muckenthaler, MU, Murakami, S, Olzmann, JA, Pagnussat, G, Pan, Z, Papagiannakopoulos, T, Puentes, LP, Pratt, DA, Proneth, B, Ramsauer, L, Rodriguez, R, Saito, Y, Schmidt, F, Schmitt, C, Schulze, A, Schwab, A, Schwantes, A, Soula, M, Spitzlberger, B, Stockwell, BR, Thewes, L, Thorn-Seshold, O, Toyokuni, S, Tonnus, W, Trumpp, A, Vandenabeele, P, Vanden Berghe, T, Venkataramani, V, Vogel, FCE, von Karstedt, S, Wang, F, Westermann, F, Wientjens, C, Wilhelm, C, Wolk, M, Wu, K, Yang, X, Yu, F, Zou, Y, Conrad, M, Berndt, C, Alborzinia, H, Amen, VS, Ayton, S, Barayeu, U, Bartelt, A, Bayir, H, Bebber, CM, Birsoy, K, Bottcher, JP, Brabletz, S, Brabletz, T, Brown, AR, Bruene, B, Bulli, G, Bruneau, A, Chen, Q, DeNicola, GM, Dick, TP, Distefano, A, Dixon, SJ, Engler, JB, Esser-von Bieren, J, Fedorova, M, Angeli, JPF, Friese, MA, Fuhrmann, DC, Garcia-Saez, AJ, Garbowicz, K, Gotz, M, Gu, W, Hammerich, L, Hassannia, B, Jiang, X, Jeridi, A, Kang, YP, Kagan, VE, Konrad, DB, Kotschi, S, Lei, P, Le Tertre, M, Lev, S, Liang, D, Linkermann, A, Lohr, C, Lorenz, S, Luedde, T, Methner, A, Michalke, B, Milton, A, Min, J, Mishima, E, Mueller, S, Motohashi, H, Muckenthaler, MU, Murakami, S, Olzmann, JA, Pagnussat, G, Pan, Z, Papagiannakopoulos, T, Puentes, LP, Pratt, DA, Proneth, B, Ramsauer, L, Rodriguez, R, Saito, Y, Schmidt, F, Schmitt, C, Schulze, A, Schwab, A, Schwantes, A, Soula, M, Spitzlberger, B, Stockwell, BR, Thewes, L, Thorn-Seshold, O, Toyokuni, S, Tonnus, W, Trumpp, A, Vandenabeele, P, Vanden Berghe, T, Venkataramani, V, Vogel, FCE, von Karstedt, S, Wang, F, Westermann, F, Wientjens, C, Wilhelm, C, Wolk, M, Wu, K, Yang, X, Yu, F, Zou, Y, and Conrad, M
Abstract: Ferroptosis is a pervasive non-apoptotic form of cell death highly relevant in various degenerative diseases and malignancies. The hallmark of ferroptosis is uncontrolled and overwhelming peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in membrane phospholipids, which eventually leads to rupture of the plasma membrane. Ferroptosis is unique in that it is essentially a spontaneous, uncatalyzed chemical process based on perturbed iron and redox homeostasis contributing to the cell death process, but that it is nonetheless modulated by many metabolic nodes that impinge on the cells' susceptibility to ferroptosis. Among the various nodes affecting ferroptosis sensitivity, several have emerged as promising candidates for pharmacological intervention, rendering ferroptosis-related proteins attractive targets for the treatment of numerous currently incurable diseases. Herein, the current members of a Germany-wide research consortium focusing on ferroptosis research, as well as key external experts in ferroptosis who have made seminal contributions to this rapidly growing and exciting field of research, have gathered to provide a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review on ferroptosis. Specific topics include: basic mechanisms, in vivo relevance, specialized methodologies, chemical and pharmacological tools, and the potential contribution of ferroptosis to disease etiopathology and progression. We hope that this article will not only provide established scientists and newcomers to the field with an overview of the multiple facets of ferroptosis, but also encourage additional efforts to characterize further molecular pathways modulating ferroptosis, with the ultimate goal to develop novel pharmacotherapies to tackle the various diseases associated with - or caused by - ferroptosis.
Published: 2024

9. Patient and public involvement in abortion research: reflections from the Shaping Abortion for Change (SACHA) Study.

Author: Blaylock, R, Lewandowska, M, Kelly, C, Gunn, B, Meiksin, R, Scott, RH, Palmer, MJ, Wellings, K, Lohr, PA, French, RS, N/A, TSST, Blaylock, R, Lewandowska, M, Kelly, C, Gunn, B, Meiksin, R, Scott, RH, Palmer, MJ, Wellings, K, Lohr, PA, French, RS, and N/A, TSST
Abstract: Patient and public involvement (PPI) is limited within abortion-related research. Possible reasons for this include concerns about engaging with a stigmatised patient group who value confidentiality and may be reluctant to re-engage with services. Structural barriers, including limited funding for abortion-related research, also prevent researchers from creating meaningful PPI opportunities. Here, we describe lessons learnt on undertaking PPI as part of the Shaping Abortion for Change (SACHA) Study, which sought to create an evidence base to guide new directions in abortion care in Britain.Two approaches to PPI were used: involving patients and the public in the oversight of the research and its dissemination as lay advisors, and group meetings to obtain patients' views on interpretation of findings and recommendations. All participants observed the SACHA findings aligned with their own experiences of having an abortion in Britain. These priorities aligned closely with those identified in a separate expert stakeholder consultation undertaken as part of the SACHA Study. One additional priority which had not been identified during the research was identified by the PPI participants.We found abortion patients to be highly motivated to engage in the group meetings, and participation in them actively contributed to the destigmatisation of abortion by giving them a space to share their experiences. This may alleviate any ethical concerns about conducting research and PPI on abortion, including the assumption that revisiting an abortion experience will cause distress. We hope that our reflections are useful to others considering PPI in abortion-related research and service improvement.
Published: 2024

10. Patient and public involvement in abortion research: reflections from the Shaping Abortion for Change (SACHA) Study.

Author: Blaylock, R, Lewandowska, M, Kelly, C, Gunn, B, Meiksin, R, Scott, RH, Palmer, MJ, Wellings, K, Lohr, PA, French, RS, N/A, TSST, Blaylock, R, Lewandowska, M, Kelly, C, Gunn, B, Meiksin, R, Scott, RH, Palmer, MJ, Wellings, K, Lohr, PA, French, RS, and N/A, TSST
Abstract: Patient and public involvement (PPI) is limited within abortion-related research. Possible reasons for this include concerns about engaging with a stigmatised patient group who value confidentiality and may be reluctant to re-engage with services. Structural barriers, including limited funding for abortion-related research, also prevent researchers from creating meaningful PPI opportunities. Here, we describe lessons learnt on undertaking PPI as part of the Shaping Abortion for Change (SACHA) Study, which sought to create an evidence base to guide new directions in abortion care in Britain.Two approaches to PPI were used: involving patients and the public in the oversight of the research and its dissemination as lay advisors, and group meetings to obtain patients' views on interpretation of findings and recommendations. All participants observed the SACHA findings aligned with their own experiences of having an abortion in Britain. These priorities aligned closely with those identified in a separate expert stakeholder consultation undertaken as part of the SACHA Study. One additional priority which had not been identified during the research was identified by the PPI participants.We found abortion patients to be highly motivated to engage in the group meetings, and participation in them actively contributed to the destigmatisation of abortion by giving them a space to share their experiences. This may alleviate any ethical concerns about conducting research and PPI on abortion, including the assumption that revisiting an abortion experience will cause distress. We hope that our reflections are useful to others considering PPI in abortion-related research and service improvement.
Published: 2024

11. Nonstandard Errors

Author: MENKVELD, AJ, DREBER, A, HOLZMEISTER, F, HUBER, J, JOHANNESSON, M, KIRCHLER, M, NEUSÜß, S, RAZEN, M, WEITZEL, U, ABAD‐DÍAZ, D, ABUDY, M, MANO, N, MARCHAL, A, MARTINEAU, C, MAZZOLA, F, MELOSO, D, MI, MG, MIHET, R, MOHAN, V, MOINAS, S, ANGEL, JJ, GEMAYEL, R, MOORE, D, MU, L, MURAVYEV, D, MURPHY, D, NESZVEDA, G, NEUMEIER, C, NIELSSON, U, NIMALENDRAN, M, NOLTE, S, NORDEN, LL, GERRITSEN, D, AVETIKIAN, AT, O'NEILL, P, OBAID, K, ØDEGAARD, BA, ÖSTBERG, P, PAGNOTTA, E, PAINTER, M, PALAN, S, PALIT, IJ, PARK, A, GIL‐BAZO, J, PASCUAL, R, BACH, A, PASQUARIELLO, P, PASTOR, L, PATEL, V, PATTON, AJ, PEARSON, ND, PELIZZON, L, PELLI, M, PELSTER, M, GILDER, D, PÉRIGNON, C, PFIFFER, C, BAIDOO, E, PHILIP, R, PLÍHAL, T, PRAKASH, P, PRESS, O, PRODROMOU, T, PROKOPCZUK, M, PUTNINS, T, GLOSTEN, LR, QIAN, Y, RAIZADA, G, RAKOWSKI, D, BAKALLI, G, RANALDO, A, REGIS, L, REITZ, S, RENAULT, T, RENJIE, RW, RENO, R, GOMEZ, T, RIDDIOUGH, SJ, RINNE, K, RINTAMÄKI, P, RIORDAN, R, BAO, L, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, LONGARELA, IR, ROESCH, D, ROGNONE, L, ROSEMAN, B, GORBENKO, A, ROŞU, I, ROY, S, RUDOLF, N, RUSH, SR, RZAYEV, K, BARBON, A, RZEŹNIK, AA, SANFORD, A, SANKARAN, H, SARKAR, A, GRAMMIG, J, SARNO, L, SCAILLET, O, SCHARNOWSKI, S, SCHENK‐HOPPÉ, KR, SCHERTLER, A, SCHNEIDER, M, BASHCHENKO, O, SCHROEDER, F, SCHÜRHOFF, N, SCHUSTER, P, GRÉGOIRE, V, SCHWARZ, MA, SEASHOLES, MS, SEEGER, NJ, SHACHAR, O, SHKILKO, A, SHUI, J, SIKIC, M, BINDRA, PC, SIMION, G, SMALES, LA, GÜÇBILMEZ, U, SÖDERLIND, P, SOJLI, E, SOKOLOV, K, SÖNKSEN, J, SPOKEVICIUTE, L, STEFANOVA, D, SUBRAHMANYAM, MG, SZASZI, B, BJØNNES, GH, TALAVERA, O, ADRIAN, T, TANG, Y, TAYLOR, N, THAM, W, THEISSEN, E, THIMME, J, TONKS, I, TRAN, H, TRAPIN, L, TROLLE, AB, BLACK, JR, HAGSTRÖMER, B, VADUVA, MA, VALENTE, G, VAN NESS, RA, VASQUEZ, A, VEROUSIS, T, VERWIJMEREN, P, VILHELMSSON, A, VILKOV, G, VLADIMIROV, V, VOGEL, S, HAMBUCKERS, J, BLACK, BS, VOIGT, S, WAGNER, W, WALTHER, T, WEISS, P, VAN DER WEL, M, WERNER, IM, WESTERHOLM, PJ, WESTHEIDE, C, WIKA, HC, HAPNES, E, WIPPLINGER, E, BOGOEV, D, WOLF, M, WOLFF, CCP, WOLK, L, WONG, W, WRAMPELMEYER, J, WU, Z, XIA, S, XIU, D, HARRIS, JH, XU, K, XU, C, CORREA, SB, YADAV, PK, YAGÜE, J, YAN, C, YANG, A, YOO, W, YU, W, YU, Y, HARRIS, L, YU, S, YUESHEN, BZ, YUFEROVA, D, BONDARENKO, O, ZAMOJSKI, M, ZAREEI, A, ZEISBERGER, SM, ZHANG, L, ZHANG, SS, ZHANG, X, HARTMANN, S, ZHAO, L, ZHONG, Z, ZHOU, ZI, ZHOU, C, BOS, CS, ZHU, XS, ZOICAN, M, ZWINKELS, R, BOSCH‐ROSA, C, BOURI, E, HASSE, J, BROWNLEES, C, CALAMIA, A, CAO, VN, CAPELLE‐BLANCARD, G, ROMERO, LMC, CAPORIN, M, CARRION, A, CASKURLU, T, CHAKRABARTY, B, CHEN, J, HAUTSCH, N, CHERNOV, M, CHEUNG, W, CHINCARINI, LB, CHORDIA, T, CHOW, S, CLAPHAM, B, COLLIARD, J, COMERTON‐FORDE, C, CURRAN, E, DAO, T, HE, X, DARE, W, DAVIES, RJ, DE BLASIS, R, DE NARD, GF, DECLERCK, F, DEEV, O, DEGRYSE, H, DEKU, SY, DESAGRE, C, VAN DIJK, MA, HEATH, D, DIM, C, DIMPFL, T, DONG, YJ, DRUMMOND, PA, DUDDA, T, DUEVSKI, T, DUMITRESCU, A, DYAKOV, T, DYHRBERG, AH, DZIELIŃSKI, M, AIT‐SAHALIA, Y, EKSI, A, KALAK, IE, ELLEN, ST, EUGSTER, N, EVANS, MDD, FARRELL, M, FELEZ‐VINAS, E, FERRARA, G, FERROUHI, EM, FLORI, A, HEDIGER, S, FLUHARTY‐JAIDEE, JT, FOLEY, SDV, FONG, KYL, FOUCAULT, T, FRANUS, T, FRANZONI, F, FRIJNS, B, FRÖMMEL, M, FU, SM, FÜLLBRUNN, SC, HENDERSHOTT, T, GAN, B, GAO, G, GEHRIG, TP, HIBBERT, AM, HJALMARSSON, E, HOELSCHER, SA, HOFFMANN, P, HOLDEN, CW, HORENSTEIN, AR, HUANG, W, HUANG, D, AKMANSOY, O, HURLIN, C, ILCZUK, K, IVASHCHENKO, A, IYER, SR, JAHANSHAHLOO, H, JALKH, N, JONES, CM, JURKATIS, S, JYLHÄ, P, KAECK, AT, ALCOCK, JT, KAISER, G, KARAM, A, KARMAZIENE, E, KASSNER, B, KAUSTIA, M, KAZAK, E, KEARNEY, F, VAN KERVEL, V, KHAN, SA, KHOMYN, MK, ALEXEEV, V, KLEIN, T, KLEIN, O, KLOS, A, KOETTER, M, KOLOKOLOV, A, KORAJCZYK, RA, KOZHAN, R, KRAHNEN, JP, KUHLE, P, KWAN, A, ALOOSH, A, LAJAUNIE, Q, LAM, FYEC, LAMBERT, M, LANGLOIS, H, LAUSEN, J, LAUTER, T, LEIPPOLD, M, LEVIN, V, LI, Y, LI, H, AMATO, L, LIEW, CY, LINDNER, T, LINTON, O, LIU, J, LIU, A, LLORENTE, G, LOF, M, LOHR, A, LONGSTAFF, F, LOPEZ‐LIRA, A, AMAYA, D, MANKAD, S, MENKVELD, AJ, DREBER, A, HOLZMEISTER, F, HUBER, J, JOHANNESSON, M, KIRCHLER, M, NEUSÜß, S, RAZEN, M, WEITZEL, U, ABAD‐DÍAZ, D, ABUDY, M, MANO, N, MARCHAL, A, MARTINEAU, C, MAZZOLA, F, MELOSO, D, MI, MG, MIHET, R, MOHAN, V, MOINAS, S, ANGEL, JJ, GEMAYEL, R, MOORE, D, MU, L, MURAVYEV, D, MURPHY, D, NESZVEDA, G, NEUMEIER, C, NIELSSON, U, NIMALENDRAN, M, NOLTE, S, NORDEN, LL, GERRITSEN, D, AVETIKIAN, AT, O'NEILL, P, OBAID, K, ØDEGAARD, BA, ÖSTBERG, P, PAGNOTTA, E, PAINTER, M, PALAN, S, PALIT, IJ, PARK, A, GIL‐BAZO, J, PASCUAL, R, BACH, A, PASQUARIELLO, P, PASTOR, L, PATEL, V, PATTON, AJ, PEARSON, ND, PELIZZON, L, PELLI, M, PELSTER, M, GILDER, D, PÉRIGNON, C, PFIFFER, C, BAIDOO, E, PHILIP, R, PLÍHAL, T, PRAKASH, P, PRESS, O, PRODROMOU, T, PROKOPCZUK, M, PUTNINS, T, GLOSTEN, LR, QIAN, Y, RAIZADA, G, RAKOWSKI, D, BAKALLI, G, RANALDO, A, REGIS, L, REITZ, S, RENAULT, T, RENJIE, RW, RENO, R, GOMEZ, T, RIDDIOUGH, SJ, RINNE, K, RINTAMÄKI, P, RIORDAN, R, BAO, L, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, LONGARELA, IR, ROESCH, D, ROGNONE, L, ROSEMAN, B, GORBENKO, A, ROŞU, I, ROY, S, RUDOLF, N, RUSH, SR, RZAYEV, K, BARBON, A, RZEŹNIK, AA, SANFORD, A, SANKARAN, H, SARKAR, A, GRAMMIG, J, SARNO, L, SCAILLET, O, SCHARNOWSKI, S, SCHENK‐HOPPÉ, KR, SCHERTLER, A, SCHNEIDER, M, BASHCHENKO, O, SCHROEDER, F, SCHÜRHOFF, N, SCHUSTER, P, GRÉGOIRE, V, SCHWARZ, MA, SEASHOLES, MS, SEEGER, NJ, SHACHAR, O, SHKILKO, A, SHUI, J, SIKIC, M, BINDRA, PC, SIMION, G, SMALES, LA, GÜÇBILMEZ, U, SÖDERLIND, P, SOJLI, E, SOKOLOV, K, SÖNKSEN, J, SPOKEVICIUTE, L, STEFANOVA, D, SUBRAHMANYAM, MG, SZASZI, B, BJØNNES, GH, TALAVERA, O, ADRIAN, T, TANG, Y, TAYLOR, N, THAM, W, THEISSEN, E, THIMME, J, TONKS, I, TRAN, H, TRAPIN, L, TROLLE, AB, BLACK, JR, HAGSTRÖMER, B, VADUVA, MA, VALENTE, G, VAN NESS, RA, VASQUEZ, A, VEROUSIS, T, VERWIJMEREN, P, VILHELMSSON, A, VILKOV, G, VLADIMIROV, V, VOGEL, S, HAMBUCKERS, J, BLACK, BS, VOIGT, S, WAGNER, W, WALTHER, T, WEISS, P, VAN DER WEL, M, WERNER, IM, WESTERHOLM, PJ, WESTHEIDE, C, WIKA, HC, HAPNES, E, WIPPLINGER, E, BOGOEV, D, WOLF, M, WOLFF, CCP, WOLK, L, WONG, W, WRAMPELMEYER, J, WU, Z, XIA, S, XIU, D, HARRIS, JH, XU, K, XU, C, CORREA, SB, YADAV, PK, YAGÜE, J, YAN, C, YANG, A, YOO, W, YU, W, YU, Y, HARRIS, L, YU, S, YUESHEN, BZ, YUFEROVA, D, BONDARENKO, O, ZAMOJSKI, M, ZAREEI, A, ZEISBERGER, SM, ZHANG, L, ZHANG, SS, ZHANG, X, HARTMANN, S, ZHAO, L, ZHONG, Z, ZHOU, ZI, ZHOU, C, BOS, CS, ZHU, XS, ZOICAN, M, ZWINKELS, R, BOSCH‐ROSA, C, BOURI, E, HASSE, J, BROWNLEES, C, CALAMIA, A, CAO, VN, CAPELLE‐BLANCARD, G, ROMERO, LMC, CAPORIN, M, CARRION, A, CASKURLU, T, CHAKRABARTY, B, CHEN, J, HAUTSCH, N, CHERNOV, M, CHEUNG, W, CHINCARINI, LB, CHORDIA, T, CHOW, S, CLAPHAM, B, COLLIARD, J, COMERTON‐FORDE, C, CURRAN, E, DAO, T, HE, X, DARE, W, DAVIES, RJ, DE BLASIS, R, DE NARD, GF, DECLERCK, F, DEEV, O, DEGRYSE, H, DEKU, SY, DESAGRE, C, VAN DIJK, MA, HEATH, D, DIM, C, DIMPFL, T, DONG, YJ, DRUMMOND, PA, DUDDA, T, DUEVSKI, T, DUMITRESCU, A, DYAKOV, T, DYHRBERG, AH, DZIELIŃSKI, M, AIT‐SAHALIA, Y, EKSI, A, KALAK, IE, ELLEN, ST, EUGSTER, N, EVANS, MDD, FARRELL, M, FELEZ‐VINAS, E, FERRARA, G, FERROUHI, EM, FLORI, A, HEDIGER, S, FLUHARTY‐JAIDEE, JT, FOLEY, SDV, FONG, KYL, FOUCAULT, T, FRANUS, T, FRANZONI, F, FRIJNS, B, FRÖMMEL, M, FU, SM, FÜLLBRUNN, SC, HENDERSHOTT, T, GAN, B, GAO, G, GEHRIG, TP, HIBBERT, AM, HJALMARSSON, E, HOELSCHER, SA, HOFFMANN, P, HOLDEN, CW, HORENSTEIN, AR, HUANG, W, HUANG, D, AKMANSOY, O, HURLIN, C, ILCZUK, K, IVASHCHENKO, A, IYER, SR, JAHANSHAHLOO, H, JALKH, N, JONES, CM, JURKATIS, S, JYLHÄ, P, KAECK, AT, ALCOCK, JT, KAISER, G, KARAM, A, KARMAZIENE, E, KASSNER, B, KAUSTIA, M, KAZAK, E, KEARNEY, F, VAN KERVEL, V, KHAN, SA, KHOMYN, MK, ALEXEEV, V, KLEIN, T, KLEIN, O, KLOS, A, KOETTER, M, KOLOKOLOV, A, KORAJCZYK, RA, KOZHAN, R, KRAHNEN, JP, KUHLE, P, KWAN, A, ALOOSH, A, LAJAUNIE, Q, LAM, FYEC, LAMBERT, M, LANGLOIS, H, LAUSEN, J, LAUTER, T, LEIPPOLD, M, LEVIN, V, LI, Y, LI, H, AMATO, L, LIEW, CY, LINDNER, T, LINTON, O, LIU, J, LIU, A, LLORENTE, G, LOF, M, LOHR, A, LONGSTAFF, F, LOPEZ‐LIRA, A, AMAYA, D, and MANKAD, S
Abstract: ABSTRACTIn statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data‐generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence‐generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer‐review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

12. Evolutionary genomics of the emergence of brown algae as key components of coastal ecosystems

Author: Denoeud, France, Godfroy, Olivier, Cruaud, Corinne, Heesch, Svenja, Nehr, Zofia, Tadrent, Nachida, Couloux, Arnaud, Brillet-guéguen, Loraine, Delage, Ludovic, Mckeown, Dean, Motomura, Taizo, Sussfeld, Duncan, Fan, Xiao, Mazéas, Lisa, Terrapon, Nicolas, Barrera-redondo, Josué, Petroll, Romy, Reynes, Lauric, Choi, Seok-wan, Jo, Jihoon, Uthanumallian, Kavitha, Bogaert, Kenny, Duc, Céline, Ratchinski, Pélagie, Lipinska, Agnieszka, Noel, Benjamin, Murphy, Eleanor A., Lohr, Martin, Khatei, Ananya, Hamon-giraud, Pauline, Vieira, Christophe, Akerfors, Svea Sanja, Akita, Shingo, Avia, Komlan, Badis, Yacine, Barbeyron, Tristan, Belcour, Arnaud, Berrabah, Wahiba, Blanquart, Samuel, Bouguerba-collin, Ahlem, Bringloe, Trevor, Cattolico, Rose Ann, Cormier, Alexandre, Cruz De Carvalho, Helena, Dallet, Romain, De Clerck, Olivier, Debit, Ahmed, Denis, Erwan, Destombe, Christophe, Dinatale, Erica, Dittami, Simon, Drula, Elodie, Faugeron, Sylvain, Got, Jeanne, Graf, Louis, Groisillier, Agnès, Guillemin, Marie-laure, Harms, Lars, Hatchett, William John, Henrissat, Bernard, Hoarau, Galice, Jollivet, Chloé, Jueterbock, Alexander, Kayal, Ehsan, Kogame, Kazuhiro, Le Bars, Arthur, Leblanc, Catherine, Ley, Ronja, Liu, Xi, Lopez, Pascal Jean, Lopez, Philippe, Manirakiza, Eric, Massau, Karine, Mauger, Stéphane, Mest, Laetitia, Michel, Gurvan, Monteiro, Catia, Nagasato, Chikako, Nègre, Delphine, Pelletier, Eric, Phillips, Naomi, Potin, Philippe, Rensing, Stefan A., Rousselot, Ellyn, Rousvoal, Sylvie, Schroeder, Declan, Scornet, Delphine, Siegel, Anne, Tirichine, Leila, Tonon, Thierry, Valentin, Klaus, Verbruggen, Heroen, Weinberger, Florian, Wheeler, Glen, Kawai, Hiroshi, Peters, Akira F., Yoon, Hwan Su, Hervé, Cecile, Ye, Naihao, Bapteste, Eric, Valero, Myriam, Markov, Gabriel V., Corre, Erwan, Coelho, Susana M., Wincker, Patrick, Aury, Jean-marc, Cock, J. Mark, Denoeud, France, Godfroy, Olivier, Cruaud, Corinne, Heesch, Svenja, Nehr, Zofia, Tadrent, Nachida, Couloux, Arnaud, Brillet-guéguen, Loraine, Delage, Ludovic, Mckeown, Dean, Motomura, Taizo, Sussfeld, Duncan, Fan, Xiao, Mazéas, Lisa, Terrapon, Nicolas, Barrera-redondo, Josué, Petroll, Romy, Reynes, Lauric, Choi, Seok-wan, Jo, Jihoon, Uthanumallian, Kavitha, Bogaert, Kenny, Duc, Céline, Ratchinski, Pélagie, Lipinska, Agnieszka, Noel, Benjamin, Murphy, Eleanor A., Lohr, Martin, Khatei, Ananya, Hamon-giraud, Pauline, Vieira, Christophe, Akerfors, Svea Sanja, Akita, Shingo, Avia, Komlan, Badis, Yacine, Barbeyron, Tristan, Belcour, Arnaud, Berrabah, Wahiba, Blanquart, Samuel, Bouguerba-collin, Ahlem, Bringloe, Trevor, Cattolico, Rose Ann, Cormier, Alexandre, Cruz De Carvalho, Helena, Dallet, Romain, De Clerck, Olivier, Debit, Ahmed, Denis, Erwan, Destombe, Christophe, Dinatale, Erica, Dittami, Simon, Drula, Elodie, Faugeron, Sylvain, Got, Jeanne, Graf, Louis, Groisillier, Agnès, Guillemin, Marie-laure, Harms, Lars, Hatchett, William John, Henrissat, Bernard, Hoarau, Galice, Jollivet, Chloé, Jueterbock, Alexander, Kayal, Ehsan, Kogame, Kazuhiro, Le Bars, Arthur, Leblanc, Catherine, Ley, Ronja, Liu, Xi, Lopez, Pascal Jean, Lopez, Philippe, Manirakiza, Eric, Massau, Karine, Mauger, Stéphane, Mest, Laetitia, Michel, Gurvan, Monteiro, Catia, Nagasato, Chikako, Nègre, Delphine, Pelletier, Eric, Phillips, Naomi, Potin, Philippe, Rensing, Stefan A., Rousselot, Ellyn, Rousvoal, Sylvie, Schroeder, Declan, Scornet, Delphine, Siegel, Anne, Tirichine, Leila, Tonon, Thierry, Valentin, Klaus, Verbruggen, Heroen, Weinberger, Florian, Wheeler, Glen, Kawai, Hiroshi, Peters, Akira F., Yoon, Hwan Su, Hervé, Cecile, Ye, Naihao, Bapteste, Eric, Valero, Myriam, Markov, Gabriel V., Corre, Erwan, Coelho, Susana M., Wincker, Patrick, Aury, Jean-marc, and Cock, J. Mark
Abstract: Brown seaweeds are keystone species of coastal ecosystems, often forming extensive underwater forests, that are under considerable threat from climate change. Despite their ecological and evolutionary importance, this phylogenetic group, which is very distantly related to animals and land plants, is still poorly characterised at the genome level. Here we analyse 60 new genomes that include species from all the major brown algal orders. Comparative analysis of these genomes indicated the occurrence of several major events coinciding approximately with the emergence of the brown algal lineage. These included marked gain of new orthologous gene families, enhanced protein domain rearrangement, horizontal gene transfer events and the acquisition of novel signalling molecules and metabolic pathways. The latter include enzymes implicated in processes emblematic of the brown algae such as biosynthesis of the alginate-based extracellular matrix, and halogen and phlorotannin biosynthesis. These early genomic innovations enabled the adaptation of brown algae to their intertidal habitats. The subsequent diversification of the brown algal orders tended to involve loss of gene families, and genomic features were identified that correlated with the emergence of differences in life cycle strategy, flagellar structure and halogen metabolism. We show that integration of large viral genomes has had a significant impact on brown algal genome content and propose that this process has persisted throughout the evolutionary history of the lineage. Finally, analysis of microevolutionary patterns within the genusEctocarpusindicated that deep gene flow between species may be an important factor in genome evolution on more recent timescales.
Published: 2024
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13. Patient experiences of undergoing abortion with and without an ultrasound scan in Britain

Author: Blaylock, Rebecca, Lohr, Patricia A., Hoggart, Lesley, Lowe, Pam, Blaylock, Rebecca, Lohr, Patricia A., Hoggart, Lesley, and Lowe, Pam
Abstract: Background: Routine ultrasound scanning to determine gestational age and pregnancy location has long been part of pre-abortion assessment in Britain, despite not being legally required or recommended in national clinical guidelines. To support implementation of fully telemedical abortion care (implemented in Britain in April 2020), the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) issued clinical guidance for an 'as-indicated' approach to pre-abortion ultrasound, removing the need for a clinic visit. We aimed to understand patient experiences of ultrasound in abortion care by conducting a qualitative study with individuals who had abortions with and without an ultrasound scan. Methods: Between November 2021 and July 2022, we recruited patients who had a medical abortion at home without a pre-procedure ultrasound at 69 days' gestation or less at British Pregnancy Advisory Service (BPAS), and also had at least one other abortion with an ultrasound from any provider in Britain. We conducted interviews using a semi-structured interview guide to explore our participants' experiences and conducted reflexive thematic analysis. Results: We recruited 24 participants and included 19 interviews in our analysis. We developed three themes from our data. These were 'Ultrasound scans and their relationship with autonomy and decision-making', 'Intrusive and out of place: the ultrasound as an inappropriate technology' and 'Towards preference-centred, quality care'. Conclusions: Further research and user-testing of strategies to improve the scan experience should be undertaken. Patient testimonies on the negative impact of ultrasound scans in abortion care should reassure providers that omitting them according to patient preference is a positive step towards providing patient-centred care.
Published: 2024

14. Patient experiences of undergoing abortion with and without an ultrasound scan in Britain

Author: Blaylock, Rebecca, Lohr, Patricia A., Hoggart, Lesley, Lowe, Pam, Blaylock, Rebecca, Lohr, Patricia A., Hoggart, Lesley, and Lowe, Pam
Abstract: Background: Routine ultrasound scanning to determine gestational age and pregnancy location has long been part of pre-abortion assessment in Britain, despite not being legally required or recommended in national clinical guidelines. To support implementation of fully telemedical abortion care (implemented in Britain in April 2020), the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) issued clinical guidance for an 'as-indicated' approach to pre-abortion ultrasound, removing the need for a clinic visit. We aimed to understand patient experiences of ultrasound in abortion care by conducting a qualitative study with individuals who had abortions with and without an ultrasound scan. Methods: Between November 2021 and July 2022, we recruited patients who had a medical abortion at home without a pre-procedure ultrasound at 69 days' gestation or less at British Pregnancy Advisory Service (BPAS), and also had at least one other abortion with an ultrasound from any provider in Britain. We conducted interviews using a semi-structured interview guide to explore our participants' experiences and conducted reflexive thematic analysis. Results: We recruited 24 participants and included 19 interviews in our analysis. We developed three themes from our data. These were 'Ultrasound scans and their relationship with autonomy and decision-making', 'Intrusive and out of place: the ultrasound as an inappropriate technology' and 'Towards preference-centred, quality care'. Conclusions: Further research and user-testing of strategies to improve the scan experience should be undertaken. Patient testimonies on the negative impact of ultrasound scans in abortion care should reassure providers that omitting them according to patient preference is a positive step towards providing patient-centred care.
Published: 2024

15. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Leerstoel Stigchel, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Finance, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Van Dijk, Matthijs A., Leerstoel Stigchel, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Finance, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, and Van Dijk, Matthijs A.
Published: 2024

16. Evaluation of Eye Tracking Signal Quality for Virtual Reality Applications: A Case Study in the Meta Quest Pro

Author: Aziz, Samantha, Lohr, Dillon J, Friedman, Lee, Komogortsev, Oleg, Aziz, Samantha, Lohr, Dillon J, Friedman, Lee, and Komogortsev, Oleg
Abstract: We present an extensive, in-depth analysis of the eye tracking capabilities of the Meta Quest Pro virtual reality headset using a dataset of eye movement recordings collected from 78 participants. In addition to presenting classical signal quality metrics--spatial accuracy, spatial precision and linearity--in ideal settings, we also study the impact of background luminance and headset slippage on device performance. We additionally present a user-centered analysis of eye tracking signal quality, where we highlight the potential differences in user experience as a function of device performance. This work contributes to a growing understanding of eye tracking signal quality in virtual reality headsets, where the performance of applications such as gaze-based interaction, foveated rendering, and social gaze are directly dependent on the quality of eye tracking signal., Comment: 14 pages
Published: 2024

17. Analysis of Embeddings Learned by End-to-End Machine Learning Eye Movement-driven Biometrics Pipeline

Author: Raju, Mehedi Hasan, Friedman, Lee, Lohr, Dillon J, Komogortsev, Oleg V, Raju, Mehedi Hasan, Friedman, Lee, Lohr, Dillon J, and Komogortsev, Oleg V
Abstract: This paper expands on the foundational concept of temporal persistence in biometric systems, specifically focusing on the domain of eye movement biometrics facilitated by machine learning. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on developing biometric authentication systems, our research delves into the embeddings learned by these systems, particularly examining their temporal persistence, reliability, and biometric efficacy in response to varying input data. Utilizing two publicly available eye-movement datasets, we employed the state-of-the-art Eye Know You Too machine learning pipeline for our analysis. We aim to validate whether the machine learning-derived embeddings in eye movement biometrics mirror the temporal persistence observed in traditional biometrics. Our methodology involved conducting extensive experiments to assess how different lengths and qualities of input data influence the performance of eye movement biometrics more specifically how it impacts the learned embeddings. We also explored the reliability and consistency of the embeddings under varying data conditions. Three key metrics (kendall's coefficient of concordance, intercorrelations, and equal error rate) were employed to quantitatively evaluate our findings. The results reveal while data length significantly impacts the stability of the learned embeddings, however, the intercorrelations among embeddings show minimal effect., Comment: 15 pages, 10 Figures
Published: 2024

18. Privacy Preserving Personal Assistant with On-Device Diarization and Spoken Dialogue System for Home and Beyond

Author: Chollet, Gérard, Sansen, Hugues, Tevissen, Yannis, Boudy, Jérôme, Hariz, Mossaab, Lohr, Christophe, Yassa, Fathy, Chollet, Gérard, Sansen, Hugues, Tevissen, Yannis, Boudy, Jérôme, Hariz, Mossaab, Lohr, Christophe, and Yassa, Fathy
Abstract: In the age of personal voice assistants, the question of privacy arises. These digital companions often lack memory of past interactions, while relying heavily on the internet for speech processing, raising privacy concerns. Modern smartphones now enable on-device speech processing, making cloud-based solutions unnecessary. Personal assistants for the elderly should excel at memory recall, especially in medical examinations. The e-ViTA project developed a versatile conversational application with local processing and speaker recognition. This paper highlights the importance of speaker diarization enriched with sensor data fusion for contextualized conversation preservation. The use cases applied to the e-VITA project have shown that truly personalized dialogue is pivotal for individual voice assistants. Secure local processing and sensor data fusion ensure virtual companions meet individual user needs without compromising privacy or data security., Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, to be presented at https://ihiet-ai.org/, Lausanne in April 2024
Published: 2024

19. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Menkveld, AJ, Dreber, A, Holzmeister, F, Huber, J, Johanneson, M, Kirchler, M, Razen, M, Weitzel, U, Abad, D, Abudy, MM, Adrian, T, Gregoire, V, Hagströmer, B, Hambuckers, J, Hapnes, E, Harris, JH, Harris, L, Hartmann, S, Hasse, J-B, Hautsch, N, He, X-ZT, Ait-Sahalia, Y, Heath, D, Hediger, S, Hendershott, TJ, Hibbert, AM, Hjalmarsson, E, Hoelscher, S, Hoffmann, P, Holden, CW, Horenstein, AR, Huang, W, Akmansoy, O, Huang, D, Hurlin, C, Ivashchenko, A, Iyer, SR, Jahanshahloo, H, Jalkh, N, Jones, CM, Jurkatis, S, Jylha, P, Kaeck, A, Alcock, J, Kaiser, G, Karam, A, Karmaziene, E, Kassner, B, Kaustia, M, Kazak, E, Kearney, F, van Kervel, V, Khan, S, Khomyn, M, Alexeev, V, Klein, T, Klein, O, Klos, A, Koetter, M, Krahnen, JP, Kolokolov, A, Korajczyk, RA, Kozhan, R, Kwan, A, Lajaunie, Q, Aloosh, A, Lam, FYEC, Lambert, M, Langlois, H, Lausen, J, Lauter, T, Leippold, M, Levin, V, Li, Y, Li, MH, Liew, CY, Amato, L, Lindner, T, Linton, OB, Liu, J, Liu, A, Llorente-Alvarez, J-G, Lof, M, Lohr, A, Longstaff, FA, Lopez-Lira, A, Mankad, S, Amaya, D, Mano, N, Marchal, A, Martineau, C, Mazzola, F, Meloso, DC, Mihet, R, Mohan, V, Moinas, S, Moore, D, Mu, L, Angel, JJ, Muravyev, D, Murphy, D, Neszveda, G, Neumeier, C, Nielsson, U, Nimalendran, M, Nolte, S, Nordén, LL, O'Neill, P, Obaid, K, Bach, A, Ødegaard, BA, Östberg, P, Painter, M, Palan, S, Palit, I, Park, A, Pascual Gascó, R, Pasquariello, P, Pastor, L, Patel, V, Baidoo, E, Patton, AJ, Pearson, ND, Pelizzon, L, Pelster, M, Pérignon, C, Pfiffer, C, Philip, R, Plíhal, T, Prakash, P, Press, O-A, Bakalli, G, Prodromou, T, Putnins, TJ, Raizada, G, Rakowski, DA, Ranaldo, A, Regis, L, Reitz, S, Renault, T, Wang, R, Renò, R, Barbon, A, Riddiough, S, Rinne, K, Rintamäki, P, Riordan, R, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, Rodríguez Longarela, I, Rösch, D, Rognone, L, Roseman, B, Rosu, I, Bashchenko, O, Roy, S, Rudolf, N, Rush, S, Rzayev, K, Rzeźnik, A, Sanford, A, Sankaran, H, Sarkar, A, Sarno, L, Scaillet, O, Bindra, PC, Scharnowski, S, Schenk-Hoppé, KR, Schertler, A, Schneider, M, Schroeder, F, Schürhoff, N, Schuster, P, Schwarz, MA, Seasholes, MS, Seeger, N, Bjonnes, GH, Shachar, O, Shkilko, A, Shui, J, Sikic, M, Simion, G, Smales, LA, Söderlind, P, Sojli, E, Sokolov, K, Spokeviciute, L, Black, JR, Stefanova, D, Subrahmanyam, MG, Neusüss, S, Szaszi, B, Talavera, O, Tang, Y, Taylor, N, Tham, WW, Theissen, E, Thimme, J, Black, BS, Tonks, I, Tran, H, Trapin, L, Trolle, AB, Vaduva, M, Valente, G, Van Ness, RA, Vasquez, A, Verousis, T, Verwijmeren, P, Bohorquez, S, Vilhelmsson, A, Vilkov, G, Vladimirov, V, Vogel, S, Voigt, S, Wagner, W, Walther, T, Weiss, P, van der Wel, M, Werner, IM, Bondarenko, O, Westerholm, PJ, Westheide, C, Wipplinger, E, Wolf, M, Wolff, CCP, Wolk, L, Wong, WK, Wrampelmeyer, J, Wu, Z-X, Xia, S, Bos, CS, Xiu, D, Xu, K, Xu, C, Yadav, PK, Yagüe, J, Yan, C, Yang, A, Yoo, W, Yu, W, Yu, S, Bosch-Rosa, C, Yueshen, BZ, Yuferova, D, Zamojski, M, Zareei, A, Zeisberger, S, Zhang, S, Zhang, X, Zhong, Z, Zhou, ZI, Zhou, C, Bouri, E, Zhu, X, Zoican, M, Zwinkels, RCJ, Chen, J, Duevski, T, Gao, G, Gemayel, R, Gilder, D, Kuhle, P, Pagnotta, E, Brownlees, CT, Pelli, M, Sönksen, J, Zhang, L, Ilczuk, K, Bogoev, D, Qian, Y, Wika, HC, Yu, Y, Zhao, L, Mi, M, Calamia, A, Bao, L, Cao, VN, Capelle-Blancard, G, Capera, L, Caporin, M, Carrion, A, Caskurlu, T, Chakrabarty, B, Chernov, M, Cheung, WMY, Chincarini, LB, Chordia, T, Chow, SC, Clapham, B, Colliard, J-E, Comerton-Forde, C, Curran, E, Dao, T, Dare, W, Davies, RJ, De Blasis, R, De Nard, G, Declerck, F, Deev, O, Degryse, H, Deku, S, Desagre, C, Van Dijk, MA, Dim, C, Dimpfl, T, Dong, YJ, Drummond, P, Dudda, T, Dumitrescu, A, Dyakov, T, Dyhrberg, AH, Dzieliński, M, Eksi, A, El Kalak, I, ter Ellen, S, Eugster, N, Evans, MDD, Farrell, M, Félez-Viñas, E, Ferrara, G, FERROUHI, EM, Flori, A, Fluharty-Jaidee, J, Foley, S, Fong, KYL, Foucault, T, Franus, T, Franzoni, FA, Frijns, B, Frömmel, M, Fu, S, Füllbrunn, S, Gan, B, Gehrig, T, Gerritsen, D, Gil-Bazo, J, Glosten, LR, Gomez, T, Gorbenko, A, Güçbilmez, U, Grammig, J, Menkveld, AJ, Dreber, A, Holzmeister, F, Huber, J, Johanneson, M, Kirchler, M, Razen, M, Weitzel, U, Abad, D, Abudy, MM, Adrian, T, Gregoire, V, Hagströmer, B, Hambuckers, J, Hapnes, E, Harris, JH, Harris, L, Hartmann, S, Hasse, J-B, Hautsch, N, He, X-ZT, Ait-Sahalia, Y, Heath, D, Hediger, S, Hendershott, TJ, Hibbert, AM, Hjalmarsson, E, Hoelscher, S, Hoffmann, P, Holden, CW, Horenstein, AR, Huang, W, Akmansoy, O, Huang, D, Hurlin, C, Ivashchenko, A, Iyer, SR, Jahanshahloo, H, Jalkh, N, Jones, CM, Jurkatis, S, Jylha, P, Kaeck, A, Alcock, J, Kaiser, G, Karam, A, Karmaziene, E, Kassner, B, Kaustia, M, Kazak, E, Kearney, F, van Kervel, V, Khan, S, Khomyn, M, Alexeev, V, Klein, T, Klein, O, Klos, A, Koetter, M, Krahnen, JP, Kolokolov, A, Korajczyk, RA, Kozhan, R, Kwan, A, Lajaunie, Q, Aloosh, A, Lam, FYEC, Lambert, M, Langlois, H, Lausen, J, Lauter, T, Leippold, M, Levin, V, Li, Y, Li, MH, Liew, CY, Amato, L, Lindner, T, Linton, OB, Liu, J, Liu, A, Llorente-Alvarez, J-G, Lof, M, Lohr, A, Longstaff, FA, Lopez-Lira, A, Mankad, S, Amaya, D, Mano, N, Marchal, A, Martineau, C, Mazzola, F, Meloso, DC, Mihet, R, Mohan, V, Moinas, S, Moore, D, Mu, L, Angel, JJ, Muravyev, D, Murphy, D, Neszveda, G, Neumeier, C, Nielsson, U, Nimalendran, M, Nolte, S, Nordén, LL, O'Neill, P, Obaid, K, Bach, A, Ødegaard, BA, Östberg, P, Painter, M, Palan, S, Palit, I, Park, A, Pascual Gascó, R, Pasquariello, P, Pastor, L, Patel, V, Baidoo, E, Patton, AJ, Pearson, ND, Pelizzon, L, Pelster, M, Pérignon, C, Pfiffer, C, Philip, R, Plíhal, T, Prakash, P, Press, O-A, Bakalli, G, Prodromou, T, Putnins, TJ, Raizada, G, Rakowski, DA, Ranaldo, A, Regis, L, Reitz, S, Renault, T, Wang, R, Renò, R, Barbon, A, Riddiough, S, Rinne, K, Rintamäki, P, Riordan, R, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, Rodríguez Longarela, I, Rösch, D, Rognone, L, Roseman, B, Rosu, I, Bashchenko, O, Roy, S, Rudolf, N, Rush, S, Rzayev, K, Rzeźnik, A, Sanford, A, Sankaran, H, Sarkar, A, Sarno, L, Scaillet, O, Bindra, PC, Scharnowski, S, Schenk-Hoppé, KR, Schertler, A, Schneider, M, Schroeder, F, Schürhoff, N, Schuster, P, Schwarz, MA, Seasholes, MS, Seeger, N, Bjonnes, GH, Shachar, O, Shkilko, A, Shui, J, Sikic, M, Simion, G, Smales, LA, Söderlind, P, Sojli, E, Sokolov, K, Spokeviciute, L, Black, JR, Stefanova, D, Subrahmanyam, MG, Neusüss, S, Szaszi, B, Talavera, O, Tang, Y, Taylor, N, Tham, WW, Theissen, E, Thimme, J, Black, BS, Tonks, I, Tran, H, Trapin, L, Trolle, AB, Vaduva, M, Valente, G, Van Ness, RA, Vasquez, A, Verousis, T, Verwijmeren, P, Bohorquez, S, Vilhelmsson, A, Vilkov, G, Vladimirov, V, Vogel, S, Voigt, S, Wagner, W, Walther, T, Weiss, P, van der Wel, M, Werner, IM, Bondarenko, O, Westerholm, PJ, Westheide, C, Wipplinger, E, Wolf, M, Wolff, CCP, Wolk, L, Wong, WK, Wrampelmeyer, J, Wu, Z-X, Xia, S, Bos, CS, Xiu, D, Xu, K, Xu, C, Yadav, PK, Yagüe, J, Yan, C, Yang, A, Yoo, W, Yu, W, Yu, S, Bosch-Rosa, C, Yueshen, BZ, Yuferova, D, Zamojski, M, Zareei, A, Zeisberger, S, Zhang, S, Zhang, X, Zhong, Z, Zhou, ZI, Zhou, C, Bouri, E, Zhu, X, Zoican, M, Zwinkels, RCJ, Chen, J, Duevski, T, Gao, G, Gemayel, R, Gilder, D, Kuhle, P, Pagnotta, E, Brownlees, CT, Pelli, M, Sönksen, J, Zhang, L, Ilczuk, K, Bogoev, D, Qian, Y, Wika, HC, Yu, Y, Zhao, L, Mi, M, Calamia, A, Bao, L, Cao, VN, Capelle-Blancard, G, Capera, L, Caporin, M, Carrion, A, Caskurlu, T, Chakrabarty, B, Chernov, M, Cheung, WMY, Chincarini, LB, Chordia, T, Chow, SC, Clapham, B, Colliard, J-E, Comerton-Forde, C, Curran, E, Dao, T, Dare, W, Davies, RJ, De Blasis, R, De Nard, G, Declerck, F, Deev, O, Degryse, H, Deku, S, Desagre, C, Van Dijk, MA, Dim, C, Dimpfl, T, Dong, YJ, Drummond, P, Dudda, T, Dumitrescu, A, Dyakov, T, Dyhrberg, AH, Dzieliński, M, Eksi, A, El Kalak, I, ter Ellen, S, Eugster, N, Evans, MDD, Farrell, M, Félez-Viñas, E, Ferrara, G, FERROUHI, EM, Flori, A, Fluharty-Jaidee, J, Foley, S, Fong, KYL, Foucault, T, Franus, T, Franzoni, FA, Frijns, B, Frömmel, M, Fu, S, Füllbrunn, S, Gan, B, Gehrig, T, Gerritsen, D, Gil-Bazo, J, Glosten, LR, Gomez, T, Gorbenko, A, Güçbilmez, U, and Grammig, J
Published: 2024

20. Evaluating climate change adaptation options in the agriculture sector: a PROMETHEE-GAIA analysis

Author: Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., and Sieber, S.
Abstract: Mitigating maladaptation and effectively managing climate risks are crucial components of strategic planning in agriculture amidst climate change. Evaluation serves as a pivotal element in this process, facilitating the identification of effective adaptation strategies tailored to local contexts. Consequently, it's imperative to thoroughly evaluate these strategies to ensure their success and resilience. The current study evaluated adaptation methods tailored to the local context in southwest Iran across three categories-crop, farm, and water management-employing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and the PROMETHEE-GAIA. Sensitivity analysis was performed during the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) stage to confirm the criteria weights and in the PROMETHEE to confirm the ranking. A set of eight criteria, including effectiveness/importance, affordability, institutional feasibility, technical feasibility, social feasibility, traditional acceptance, flexibility, and environment side effects (positive) were applied to evaluate the adaptation measures. Our results indicated the three highest rankings in each set of measures, as follows: i) crop management—relay intercropping, change of crop type, and mixed intercropping; ii) farm management—pest and disease management, weed control, and crop rotation; iii) water management—lining water canals or covering their earth floors with nylon, using pipes rather than open canals to transfer water to the field, and increasing the time intervals between irrigations to deal with water shortages. The outcomes underscore the urgency of formulating region-specific adaptation policies that align with local expertise and contextual needs. By prioritizing the identified effective strategies, policymakers can enhance resilience against water scarcity in southwest Iran. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of ongoing evaluation and adaptation, emphasizing the dynamic nature of climate challenges and the need for continuous ref
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Evaluating climate change adaptation options in the agriculture sector: a PROMETHEE-GAIA analysis

Author: Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., and Sieber, S.
Abstract: Mitigating maladaptation and effectively managing climate risks are crucial components of strategic planning in agriculture amidst climate change. Evaluation serves as a pivotal element in this process, facilitating the identification of effective adaptation strategies tailored to local contexts. Consequently, it's imperative to thoroughly evaluate these strategies to ensure their success and resilience. The current study evaluated adaptation methods tailored to the local context in southwest Iran across three categories-crop, farm, and water management-employing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and the PROMETHEE-GAIA. Sensitivity analysis was performed during the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) stage to confirm the criteria weights and in the PROMETHEE to confirm the ranking. A set of eight criteria, including effectiveness/importance, affordability, institutional feasibility, technical feasibility, social feasibility, traditional acceptance, flexibility, and environment side effects (positive) were applied to evaluate the adaptation measures. Our results indicated the three highest rankings in each set of measures, as follows: i) crop management—relay intercropping, change of crop type, and mixed intercropping; ii) farm management—pest and disease management, weed control, and crop rotation; iii) water management—lining water canals or covering their earth floors with nylon, using pipes rather than open canals to transfer water to the field, and increasing the time intervals between irrigations to deal with water shortages. The outcomes underscore the urgency of formulating region-specific adaptation policies that align with local expertise and contextual needs. By prioritizing the identified effective strategies, policymakers can enhance resilience against water scarcity in southwest Iran. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of ongoing evaluation and adaptation, emphasizing the dynamic nature of climate challenges and the need for continuous ref
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Evaluating climate change adaptation options in the agriculture sector: a PROMETHEE-GAIA analysis

Author: Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Lohr, K., and Sieber, S.
Abstract: Mitigating maladaptation and effectively managing climate risks are crucial components of strategic planning in agriculture amidst climate change. Evaluation serves as a pivotal element in this process, facilitating the identification of effective adaptation strategies tailored to local contexts. Consequently, it's imperative to thoroughly evaluate these strategies to ensure their success and resilience. The current study evaluated adaptation methods tailored to the local context in southwest Iran across three categories-crop, farm, and water management-employing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and the PROMETHEE-GAIA. Sensitivity analysis was performed during the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) stage to confirm the criteria weights and in the PROMETHEE to confirm the ranking. A set of eight criteria, including effectiveness/importance, affordability, institutional feasibility, technical feasibility, social feasibility, traditional acceptance, flexibility, and environment side effects (positive) were applied to evaluate the adaptation measures. Our results indicated the three highest rankings in each set of measures, as follows: i) crop management—relay intercropping, change of crop type, and mixed intercropping; ii) farm management—pest and disease management, weed control, and crop rotation; iii) water management—lining water canals or covering their earth floors with nylon, using pipes rather than open canals to transfer water to the field, and increasing the time intervals between irrigations to deal with water shortages. The outcomes underscore the urgency of formulating region-specific adaptation policies that align with local expertise and contextual needs. By prioritizing the identified effective strategies, policymakers can enhance resilience against water scarcity in southwest Iran. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of ongoing evaluation and adaptation, emphasizing the dynamic nature of climate challenges and the need for continuous ref
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Establishing a Baseline for Gaze-driven Authentication Performance in VR: A Breadth-First Investigation on a Very Large Dataset

Author: Lohr, Dillon, Proulx, Michael J., Komogortsev, Oleg, Lohr, Dillon, Proulx, Michael J., and Komogortsev, Oleg
Abstract: This paper performs the crucial work of establishing a baseline for gaze-driven authentication performance to begin answering fundamental research questions using a very large dataset of gaze recordings from 9202 people with a level of eye tracking (ET) signal quality equivalent to modern consumer-facing virtual reality (VR) platforms. The size of the employed dataset is at least an order-of-magnitude larger than any other dataset from previous related work. Binocular estimates of the optical and visual axes of the eyes and a minimum duration for enrollment and verification are required for our model to achieve a false rejection rate (FRR) of below 3% at a false acceptance rate (FAR) of 1 in 50,000. In terms of identification accuracy which decreases with gallery size, we estimate that our model would fall below chance-level accuracy for gallery sizes of 148,000 or more. Our major findings indicate that gaze authentication can be as accurate as required by the FIDO standard when driven by a state-of-the-art machine learning architecture and a sufficiently large training dataset., Comment: 28 pages, 18 figures, 5 tables, includes supplementary material
Published: 2024

24. Evaluating Eye Movement Biometrics in Virtual Reality: A Comparative Analysis of VR Headset and High-End Eye-Tracker Collected Dataset

Author: Raju, Mehedi Hasan, Lohr, Dillon J, Komogortsev, Oleg V, Raju, Mehedi Hasan, Lohr, Dillon J, and Komogortsev, Oleg V
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that eye movement data recorded at 1000 Hz can be used to authenticate individuals. This study explores the effectiveness of eye movement-based biometrics (EMB) by utilizing data from an eye-tracking (ET)-enabled virtual reality (VR) headset (GazeBaseVR) and compares it to the performance using data from a high-end eye tracker (GazeBase) that has been downsampled to 250 Hz. The research also aims to assess the biometric potential of both binocular and monocular eye movement data. GazeBaseVR dataset achieves an equal error rate (EER) of 1.67% and a false rejection rate (FRR) at 10^-4 false acceptance rate (FAR) of 22.73% in a binocular configuration. This study underscores the biometric viability of data obtained from eye-tracking-enabled VR headset., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2024

25. Feral cats in the subtropics of Australia—The Shamrock Station irrigation project

Author: Lohr, Michael Thomas, Algar, Dave, Hamilton, Neil, Lohr, Cheryl Anne, Lohr, Michael Thomas, Algar, Dave, Hamilton, Neil, and Lohr, Cheryl Anne
Abstract: Environmental damage caused by the intensification of agriculture may be compensated by implementing conservation projects directed towards reducing threatening processes and conserving threatened native species. In Australia, feral cats (Felis catus) have been a ubiquitous threatening process to Australian fauna since European colonisation. On Shamrock Station, in the north-west of Western Australia, the Argyle Cattle Company has proposed intensifying agriculture through the installation of irrigation pivots. There is concern that irrigating land and storing agricultural produce may indirectly increase the abundance of feral cats and European red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) on the property, which in turn may negatively impact threatened bilbies (Macrotis lagotis) that also inhabit the property. Feral cat control is required under the approved management plan for this project to mitigate this potential impact. Our baseline study revealed a high density of feral cats on Shamrock Station (0.87 cats km2) and dietary data that suggest the current native mammal assemblage on Shamrock Station is depauperate. Given the high density of feral cats in this area, the effective control of this introduced predator is likely to confer benefits to the bilby and other native species susceptible to cat predation. We recommend ongoing monitoring of both native species and feral cats to determine if there is a benefit in implementing feral cat control around areas of intensive agriculture and associated cattle production.
Published: 2022

26. Feral cats in the subtropics of Australia—The Shamrock Station irrigation project

Author: Lohr, Michael Thomas, Algar, Dave, Hamilton, Neil, Lohr, Cheryl Anne, Lohr, Michael Thomas, Algar, Dave, Hamilton, Neil, and Lohr, Cheryl Anne
Abstract: Environmental damage caused by the intensification of agriculture may be compensated by implementing conservation projects directed towards reducing threatening processes and conserving threatened native species. In Australia, feral cats (Felis catus) have been a ubiquitous threatening process to Australian fauna since European colonisation. On Shamrock Station, in the north-west of Western Australia, the Argyle Cattle Company has proposed intensifying agriculture through the installation of irrigation pivots. There is concern that irrigating land and storing agricultural produce may indirectly increase the abundance of feral cats and European red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) on the property, which in turn may negatively impact threatened bilbies (Macrotis lagotis) that also inhabit the property. Feral cat control is required under the approved management plan for this project to mitigate this potential impact. Our baseline study revealed a high density of feral cats on Shamrock Station (0.87 cats km2) and dietary data that suggest the current native mammal assemblage on Shamrock Station is depauperate. Given the high density of feral cats in this area, the effective control of this introduced predator is likely to confer benefits to the bilby and other native species susceptible to cat predation. We recommend ongoing monitoring of both native species and feral cats to determine if there is a benefit in implementing feral cat control around areas of intensive agriculture and associated cattle production.
Published: 2022

27. A dose optimization study using Visual Grading Regression in [68Ga]-FAPI-46 PET imaging of patients with pancreatic lesions

Author: Nilsson, T., Rasinski, P., af Buren, S., Smedby, Örjan, Blomgren, A., Lohr, M., Sparrelid, E., Tran, T., Axelsson, R., Holstensson, M., Nilsson, T., Rasinski, P., af Buren, S., Smedby, Örjan, Blomgren, A., Lohr, M., Sparrelid, E., Tran, T., Axelsson, R., and Holstensson, M.
Abstract: QC 20231211
Published: 2023

28. Macrophage infectivity potentiator protein, a peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase, essential for Coxiella burnetii growth and pathogenesis

Author: Zamboni, DS, Debowski, AWW, Bzdyl, NMM, Thomas, DRR, Scott, NEE, Jenkins, CHH, Iwasaki, J, Kibble, EAA, Khoo, CA, Scheuplein, NJJ, Seibel, PMM, Lohr, T, Metters, G, Bond, CSS, Norville, IHH, Stubbs, KAA, Harmer, NJJ, Holzgrabe, U, Newton, HJJ, Sarkar-Tyson, M, Zamboni, DS, Debowski, AWW, Bzdyl, NMM, Thomas, DRR, Scott, NEE, Jenkins, CHH, Iwasaki, J, Kibble, EAA, Khoo, CA, Scheuplein, NJJ, Seibel, PMM, Lohr, T, Metters, G, Bond, CSS, Norville, IHH, Stubbs, KAA, Harmer, NJJ, Holzgrabe, U, Newton, HJJ, and Sarkar-Tyson, M
Abstract: Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen that causes the debilitating disease Q fever, which affects both animals and humans. The only available human vaccine, Q-Vax, is effective but has a high risk of severe adverse reactions, limiting its use as a countermeasure to contain outbreaks. Therefore, it is essential to identify new drug targets to treat this infection. Macrophage infectivity potentiator (Mip) proteins catalyse the folding of proline-containing proteins through their peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity and have been shown to play an important role in the virulence of several pathogenic bacteria. To date the role of the Mip protein in C. burnetii pathogenesis has not been investigated. This study demonstrates that CbMip is likely to be an essential protein in C. burnetii. The pipecolic acid derived compounds, SF235 and AN296, which have shown utility in targeting other Mip proteins from pathogenic bacteria, demonstrate inhibitory activities against CbMip. These compounds were found to significantly inhibit intracellular replication of C. burnetii in both HeLa and THP-1 cells. Furthermore, SF235 and AN296 were also found to exhibit antibiotic properties against both the virulent (Phase I) and avirulent (Phase II) forms of C. burnetii Nine Mile Strain in axenic culture. Comparative proteomics, in the presence of AN296, revealed alterations in stress responses with H2O2 sensitivity assays validating that Mip inhibition increases the sensitivity of C. burnetii to oxidative stress. In addition, SF235 and AN296 were effective in vivo and significantly improved the survival of Galleria mellonella infected with C. burnetii. These results suggest that unlike in other bacteria, Mip in C. burnetii is required for replication and that the development of more potent inhibitors against CbMip is warranted and offer potential as novel therapeutics against this pathogen.
Published: 2023

29. The Influence of Falling Costs for Electrolyzers on the Location Factors for Green Hydrogen Production

Author: Niepelt, Raphael, Schlemminger, Marlon, Bredemeier, Dennis, Peterssen, Florian, Lohr, Clemens, Bensmann, Astrid, Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard, Brendel, Rolf, Niepelt, Raphael, Schlemminger, Marlon, Bredemeier, Dennis, Peterssen, Florian, Lohr, Clemens, Bensmann, Astrid, Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard, and Brendel, Rolf
Abstract: A fast and extensive build-up of green hydrogen production is a crucial element for the global energy transition. The availability of low-cost renewable energy at high operating hours of the electrolyzer is a central criterion in today's choice of location for green hydrogen production. It is analyzed how decreasing electrolyzer costs that are expected by many may influence this choice. The energy system optimization framework ESTRAM is used to find the optimum configuration of wind turbine, photovoltaic (PV), and electrolyzer capacity for covering a given hydrogen demand by locally produced green hydrogen in different European locations. It is found that PV is part of the cost-optimal solution in 96% of 1372 statistical regions in Europe. Decreasing electrolyzer costs are favoring the utilization of PV in wind–solar hybrid plants. At low electrolyzer costs, pure solar hydrogen outperforms the hybrid variant in many places if hydrogen storage is available, even with few full operating hours per year. At the same time, production costs are converging significantly. The article adds a new perspective to the discussion, as it is systematically shown how further technology development may lead to a shift in locational advantages for green hydrogen production, what should be considered to avoid stranded assets when building infrastructure.
Published: 2023

30. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Menkveld, A.J., Dreber, A., Holzmeister, F., Huber, J., Johannesson, M., Kirchler, M., Razen, M., Weitzel, G.U., Abad, D., Abudy, M., Adrian, T., Ait-Sahalia, Y., Akmansoy, O., Alcock, J., Alexeev, V., Aloosh, A., Amato, L., Amaya, D., Angel, J., Bach, A., Baidoo, E., Bakalli, G., Barbon, A., Bashchenko, O., Bindra, P.C., Bjonnes, G.H., Black, J., Black, B.S., Bohorquez, S., Bondarenko, O., Bos, C.S., Bosch-Rosa, C., Bouri, E., Brownlees, C.T., Calamia, A., Cao, V.N., Capelle-Blancard, G., Capera, L., Caporin, M., Carrion, A., Caskurlu, T., Chakrabarty, B., Chernov, M., Cheung, W.M., Chincarini, L.B., Chordia, T., Chow, S.C., Clapham, B., Colliard, J.-E., Comerton-Forde, C., Curran, E., Dao, T., Dare, W., Davies, R.J., Blasis, R. De, Nard, G. De, DeClerck, F., Deev, O., Degryse, H., Deku, S., Desagre, C., Dijk, M.A van, Dim, C., Dimpfl, T., Dong, Y., Drummond, P., Dudda, T., Dumitrescu, A., Dyakov, T., Dyhrberg, A.H., Dzieliński, M., Eksi, A., Kalak, I. El, Ellen, S. ter, Eugster, N., Evans, M.D.D., Farrell, M., Félez-Viñas, E., Ferrara, G., Ferrouhi, E.M., Flori, A., Fluharty-Jaidee, J., Foley, S., Fong, K.Y.L., Foucault, T., Franus, T., Franzoni, F.A., Frijns, B., Frömmel, M., Fu, S., Füllbrunn, S.C., Gan, B., Gehrig, T., Gerritsen, D., Gil-Bazo, J., Glosten, L.R., Gomez, T., Gorbenko, A., Güçbilmez, U., Grammig, J., Gregoire, V., Hagströmer, B., Hambuckers, J., Hapnes, E., Harris, J.H., Harris, L., Hartmann, S., Hasse, J.-B., Hautsch, N., He, X., Heath, D., Hediger, S., Hendershott, T., Hibbert, A.M., Hjalmarsson, E., Hoelscher, S.A., Hoffmann, P., Holden, C.W., Horenstein, A.R., Huang, W., Huang, D., Hurlin, C., Ivashchenko, A., Iyer, S.R., Jahanshahloo, H., Jalkh, N., Jones, C.M., Jurkatis, S., Jylha, P., Kaeck, A., Kaiser, G., Karam, A., Karmaziene, E., Kassner, B., Kaustia, M., Kazak, E., Kearney, F., Kervel, V. van, Khan, S., Khomyn, M., Klein, T., Klein, O., Klos, A., Koetter, M., Krahnen, J.P., Kolokolov, A., Korajczyk, R.A., Kozhan, R., Kwan, A., Lajaunie, Q., Lam, F.E.C., Lambert, M., Langlois, H., Lausen, J., Lauter, T., Leippold, M., Levin, V., Li, Y., Li, H., Liew, C.Y., Lindner, T., Linton, O.B., Liu, J., Liu, A., Llorente, G., Lof, M., Lohr, A., Longstaff, F.A., Lopez-Lira, A., Mankad, S., Mano, N., Marchal, A., Martineau, C., Mazzola, F., Meloso, D., Mihet, R., Mohan, V., Moinas, S., Moore, D., Mu, L., Muravyev, D., Murphy, D., Neszveda, G., Neumeier, C., Nielsson, U., Nimalendran, M., Nolte, S., Norden, L.L., O'Neill, P., Obaid, K., Ødegaard, B.A., Östberg, P., Painter, M., Palan, S., Palit, I., Park, A., Pascual, R., Pasquariello, P., Pastor, L., Patel, V., Patton, A.J., Pearson, N.D., Pelizzon, L., Pelster, M., Pérignon, C., Pfiffer, C., Philip, R., Plíhal, T., Prakash, P., Press, O.-A., Prodromou, T., Putniņš, T.J., Raizada, G., Rakowski, D.A., Ranaldo, A., Regis, L., Reitz, S., Renault, T., Renjie, R.W., Renò, R., Riddiough, S., Rinne, K., Rintamäki, P., Riordan, R., Rittmannsberger, T., Rodríguez-Longarela, I., Rösch, D., Rognone, L., Roseman, B., Rosu, I., Roy, S., Rudolf, N., Rush, S., Rzayev, K., Rzeźnik, A., Sanford, A., Sankaran, H., Sarkar, A., Sarno, L., Scaillet, O., Scharnowski, S., Schenk-Hoppé, K.R., Schertler, A., Schneider, M., Schroeder, F., Schürhoff, N., Schuster, P., Schwarz, M.A., Seasholes, M.S., Seeger, N., Shachar, O., Shkilko, A., Shui, J., Sikic, M., Simion, G., Smales, L.A., Söderlind, P., Sojli, E., Sokolov, K., Spokeviciute, L., Stefanova, D., Subrahmanyam, M.G., Neusüss, S., Szaszi, B., Talavera, O., Tang, Y., Taylor, N., Tham, W.W., Theissen, E., Thimme, J., Tonks, I., Tran, H., Trapin, L., Trolle, A.B., Valente, G., Ness, R.A. Van, Vasquez, A., Verousis, T., Verwijmeren, P., Vilhelmsson, A., Vilkov, G., Vladimirov, V., Vogel, S., Voigt, S., Wagner, W., Walther, T., Weiss, P., Wel, M. van der, Werner, I.M., Westerholm, P.J., Westheide, C., Wipplinger, E., Wolf, M., Wolff, C.C.P., Wolk, L., Wong, W.-K., Wrampelmeyer, J., Xia, S., Xiu, D., Xu, K., Xu, C., Yadav, P.K., Yagüe, J., Yan, C., Yang, A., Yoo, W., Yu, W., Yu, S., Yueshen, B.Z., Yuferova, D., Zamojski, M., Zareei, A., Zeisberger, S.M., Zhang, S.S., Zhang, X., Zhong, Z., Zhou, Z.I., Zhou, C., Zhu, X.S., Zoican, M., Zwinkels, R.C.J., Chen, J., Duevski, T., Gao, G., Gemayel, R., Gilder, D. de, Kuhle, P., Pagnotta, E., Pelli, M., Sönksen, J., Zhang, L., Ilczuk, K., Bogoev, D., Qian, Y., Wika, H.C., Yu, Y., Zhao, L., Mi, M., Bao, L., Vaduva, A., Prokopczuk, P., Avetikian, A., Wu, Z.-X., Menkveld, A.J., Dreber, A., Holzmeister, F., Huber, J., Johannesson, M., Kirchler, M., Razen, M., Weitzel, G.U., Abad, D., Abudy, M., Adrian, T., Ait-Sahalia, Y., Akmansoy, O., Alcock, J., Alexeev, V., Aloosh, A., Amato, L., Amaya, D., Angel, J., Bach, A., Baidoo, E., Bakalli, G., Barbon, A., Bashchenko, O., Bindra, P.C., Bjonnes, G.H., Black, J., Black, B.S., Bohorquez, S., Bondarenko, O., Bos, C.S., Bosch-Rosa, C., Bouri, E., Brownlees, C.T., Calamia, A., Cao, V.N., Capelle-Blancard, G., Capera, L., Caporin, M., Carrion, A., Caskurlu, T., Chakrabarty, B., Chernov, M., Cheung, W.M., Chincarini, L.B., Chordia, T., Chow, S.C., Clapham, B., Colliard, J.-E., Comerton-Forde, C., Curran, E., Dao, T., Dare, W., Davies, R.J., Blasis, R. De, Nard, G. De, DeClerck, F., Deev, O., Degryse, H., Deku, S., Desagre, C., Dijk, M.A van, Dim, C., Dimpfl, T., Dong, Y., Drummond, P., Dudda, T., Dumitrescu, A., Dyakov, T., Dyhrberg, A.H., Dzieliński, M., Eksi, A., Kalak, I. El, Ellen, S. ter, Eugster, N., Evans, M.D.D., Farrell, M., Félez-Viñas, E., Ferrara, G., Ferrouhi, E.M., Flori, A., Fluharty-Jaidee, J., Foley, S., Fong, K.Y.L., Foucault, T., Franus, T., Franzoni, F.A., Frijns, B., Frömmel, M., Fu, S., Füllbrunn, S.C., Gan, B., Gehrig, T., Gerritsen, D., Gil-Bazo, J., Glosten, L.R., Gomez, T., Gorbenko, A., Güçbilmez, U., Grammig, J., Gregoire, V., Hagströmer, B., Hambuckers, J., Hapnes, E., Harris, J.H., Harris, L., Hartmann, S., Hasse, J.-B., Hautsch, N., He, X., Heath, D., Hediger, S., Hendershott, T., Hibbert, A.M., Hjalmarsson, E., Hoelscher, S.A., Hoffmann, P., Holden, C.W., Horenstein, A.R., Huang, W., Huang, D., Hurlin, C., Ivashchenko, A., Iyer, S.R., Jahanshahloo, H., Jalkh, N., Jones, C.M., Jurkatis, S., Jylha, P., Kaeck, A., Kaiser, G., Karam, A., Karmaziene, E., Kassner, B., Kaustia, M., Kazak, E., Kearney, F., Kervel, V. van, Khan, S., Khomyn, M., Klein, T., Klein, O., Klos, A., Koetter, M., Krahnen, J.P., Kolokolov, A., Korajczyk, R.A., Kozhan, R., Kwan, A., Lajaunie, Q., Lam, F.E.C., Lambert, M., Langlois, H., Lausen, J., Lauter, T., Leippold, M., Levin, V., Li, Y., Li, H., Liew, C.Y., Lindner, T., Linton, O.B., Liu, J., Liu, A., Llorente, G., Lof, M., Lohr, A., Longstaff, F.A., Lopez-Lira, A., Mankad, S., Mano, N., Marchal, A., Martineau, C., Mazzola, F., Meloso, D., Mihet, R., Mohan, V., Moinas, S., Moore, D., Mu, L., Muravyev, D., Murphy, D., Neszveda, G., Neumeier, C., Nielsson, U., Nimalendran, M., Nolte, S., Norden, L.L., O'Neill, P., Obaid, K., Ødegaard, B.A., Östberg, P., Painter, M., Palan, S., Palit, I., Park, A., Pascual, R., Pasquariello, P., Pastor, L., Patel, V., Patton, A.J., Pearson, N.D., Pelizzon, L., Pelster, M., Pérignon, C., Pfiffer, C., Philip, R., Plíhal, T., Prakash, P., Press, O.-A., Prodromou, T., Putniņš, T.J., Raizada, G., Rakowski, D.A., Ranaldo, A., Regis, L., Reitz, S., Renault, T., Renjie, R.W., Renò, R., Riddiough, S., Rinne, K., Rintamäki, P., Riordan, R., Rittmannsberger, T., Rodríguez-Longarela, I., Rösch, D., Rognone, L., Roseman, B., Rosu, I., Roy, S., Rudolf, N., Rush, S., Rzayev, K., Rzeźnik, A., Sanford, A., Sankaran, H., Sarkar, A., Sarno, L., Scaillet, O., Scharnowski, S., Schenk-Hoppé, K.R., Schertler, A., Schneider, M., Schroeder, F., Schürhoff, N., Schuster, P., Schwarz, M.A., Seasholes, M.S., Seeger, N., Shachar, O., Shkilko, A., Shui, J., Sikic, M., Simion, G., Smales, L.A., Söderlind, P., Sojli, E., Sokolov, K., Spokeviciute, L., Stefanova, D., Subrahmanyam, M.G., Neusüss, S., Szaszi, B., Talavera, O., Tang, Y., Taylor, N., Tham, W.W., Theissen, E., Thimme, J., Tonks, I., Tran, H., Trapin, L., Trolle, A.B., Valente, G., Ness, R.A. Van, Vasquez, A., Verousis, T., Verwijmeren, P., Vilhelmsson, A., Vilkov, G., Vladimirov, V., Vogel, S., Voigt, S., Wagner, W., Walther, T., Weiss, P., Wel, M. van der, Werner, I.M., Westerholm, P.J., Westheide, C., Wipplinger, E., Wolf, M., Wolff, C.C.P., Wolk, L., Wong, W.-K., Wrampelmeyer, J., Xia, S., Xiu, D., Xu, K., Xu, C., Yadav, P.K., Yagüe, J., Yan, C., Yang, A., Yoo, W., Yu, W., Yu, S., Yueshen, B.Z., Yuferova, D., Zamojski, M., Zareei, A., Zeisberger, S.M., Zhang, S.S., Zhang, X., Zhong, Z., Zhou, Z.I., Zhou, C., Zhu, X.S., Zoican, M., Zwinkels, R.C.J., Chen, J., Duevski, T., Gao, G., Gemayel, R., Gilder, D. de, Kuhle, P., Pagnotta, E., Pelli, M., Sönksen, J., Zhang, L., Ilczuk, K., Bogoev, D., Qian, Y., Wika, H.C., Yu, Y., Zhao, L., Mi, M., Bao, L., Vaduva, A., Prokopczuk, P., Avetikian, A., and Wu, Z.-X.
Abstract: 31 mei 2023, Contains fulltext : 240328.pdf (Author’s version preprint ) (Open Access), In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in sample estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty: non-standard errors. To study them, we let 164 teams test six hypotheses on the same sample. We find that non-standard errors are sizeable, on par with standard errors. Their size (i) co-varies only weakly with team merits, reproducibility, or peer rating, (ii) declines significantly after peer-feedback, and (iii) is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2023

31. The Arches cluster revisited – IV. Observational constraints on the binary properties of very massive stars

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Clark, J. Simon, Lohr, Marcus E., Najarro de la Parra, Francisco, Patrick, Lee R., Ritchie, Ben W., Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física Aplicada, Clark, J. Simon, Lohr, Marcus E., Najarro de la Parra, Francisco, Patrick, Lee R., and Ritchie, Ben W.
Abstract: Serving as the progenitors of electromagnetic and gravitational-wave transients, massive stars have received renewed interest in recent years. However, many aspects of their birth and evolution remain opaque, particularly in the context of binary interactions. The centre of our Galaxy hosts a rich cohort of very massive stars, which appear to play a prominent role in the ecology of the region. In this paper, we investigate the binary properties of the Arches cluster, which is thought to host a large number of very massive stars. A combination of multi-epoch near-IR spectroscopy and photometry was utilized to identify binaries. 13 from 36 cluster members meet our criteria to be classed as RV variable. Combining the spectroscopic data with archival radio and X-ray observations – to detect colliding wind systems – provides a lower limit to the binary fraction of ∼43 per cent; increasing to ≳50 per cent for the O-type hypergiants and WNLha. Dynamical and evolutionary masses reveal the primaries to be uniformly massive (⁠≳50M⊙⁠). Where available, orbital analysis reveals a number of short period, highly eccentric binaries, which appear to be pre-interaction systems. Such systems are X-ray luminous, with 80 per cent above an empirical bound of (Lx/Lbol) ∼ 10−7 and their orbital configurations suggest formation and evolution via a single-star channel; however, we cannot exclude a binary formation channel for a subset. Qualitative comparison to surveys of lower mass OB-type stars confirms that the trend to an extreme binary fraction (≥60 per cent) extends to the most massive stars currently forming in the local Universe.
Published: 2023

32. Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children : a population-based study in Sweden

Author: Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, Ivarsson, Anneli, Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, and Ivarsson, Anneli
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls. METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used. RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas. CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child a
Published: 2023
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33. Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children : a population-based study in Sweden

Author: Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, Ivarsson, Anneli, Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, and Ivarsson, Anneli
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls. METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used. RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas. CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child a
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children : a population-based study in Sweden

Author: Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, Ivarsson, Anneli, Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, and Ivarsson, Anneli
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls. METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used. RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas. CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child a
Published: 2023
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35. Automatische Sprachverarbeitung (NLP) im SMITH-Konsortium ‒ Korpusannotation und Klassifikatoren für klinische Informationsextraktion

Author: Hahn, U, Lohr, C, Modersohn, L, Kolditz, T, Faller, J, Luther, S, Matthies, F, Büchel, S, Hellrich, J, Fäßler, E, Hahn, U, Lohr, C, Modersohn, L, Kolditz, T, Faller, J, Luther, S, Matthies, F, Büchel, S, Hellrich, J, and Fäßler, E
Published: 2023

36. Automatische Sprachverarbeitung (NLP) im SMITH-Konsortium ‒ Korpusannotation und Klassifikatoren für klinische Informationsextraktion

Author: Hahn, U, Lohr, C, Modersohn, L, Kolditz, T, Faller, J, Luther, S, Matthies, F, Büchel, S, Hellrich, J, Fäßler, E, Hahn, U, Lohr, C, Modersohn, L, Kolditz, T, Faller, J, Luther, S, Matthies, F, Büchel, S, Hellrich, J, and Fäßler, E
Published: 2023

37. Autoimmune Pancreatitis Type 1 with Biliary, Nasal, Testicular, and Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report and a Systematic Review

Author: Kourie, Mourad, Bogdanovic, Darko, Mahmutyazicioglu, Kamran, Ghazi, Sam, Panic, Nikola, Fjellgren, Eva, Hellkvist, Laila, Thiel, Tomas, Kjellman, Anders, Kartalis, Nikolaos, Danielsson, Olof, Dani, Lara, Lohr, J. -Matthias, Vujasinovic, Miroslav, Kourie, Mourad, Bogdanovic, Darko, Mahmutyazicioglu, Kamran, Ghazi, Sam, Panic, Nikola, Fjellgren, Eva, Hellkvist, Laila, Thiel, Tomas, Kjellman, Anders, Kartalis, Nikolaos, Danielsson, Olof, Dani, Lara, Lohr, J. -Matthias, and Vujasinovic, Miroslav
Abstract: Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition associated with fibroinflammatory lesions that can occur at almost any anatomical site. It often presents as a multiorgan disease that may mimic malignancy, infection, or other immune-mediated conditions. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 is the most prominent manifestation of IgG4-RD in the digestive tract, with common extra-pancreatic inflammation. We present the first patient with AIP and involvement of the testicles and nasal cavity. Patient and methods: A case of a patient with AIP type 1 and other organ involvement (bile ducts, testicles, nasal polyps, and lungs) is described. Additionally, a systematic review of AIP type 1 with testicular and nasal involvement was conducted. Results: The systematic review found two cases of AIP type 1 with testicular involvement and 143 cases with AIP type 1 with nasal cavity involvement. None of them had both testicular and nasal involvement. Conclusions: This is the first case of AIP type 1 with other organ involvement, including testicular and nasal involvement, to be described. The number of patients with nasal and testicular involvement described in the literature is low. Creating awareness of this rare clinical condition is necessary, especially due to the very effective available treatment with corticosteroids and rituximab., Funding Agencies|We thank the Swedish Society for Development of Pancreatology (SveSuP) for their continuing support, promotion, and raising awareness of pancreatic diseases in Swedish society.
Published: 2023
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38. Scat DNA as a non-invasive method for estimating the abundance of the vulnerable mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus)

Author: Treloar, Shannon, Lohr, Cheryl, Hopkins, Anna J., Ottewell, Kym, McArthur, Shelley, Davis, Robert A., Treloar, Shannon, Lohr, Cheryl, Hopkins, Anna J., Ottewell, Kym, McArthur, Shelley, and Davis, Robert A.
Abstract: Context: Population-monitoring programs often use direct (e.g. live capture or spotlighting) or indirect (e.g. scats sightings) observations to estimate population abundance. Such methods, however, are often inadequate for rare, elusive, or cryptic species due to the difficulty in achieving sufficient encounters or detection rates. The mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus), a small native Australian macropod, listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN, is difficult to capture, susceptible to capture myopathy, and not easily sighted in their dense habitat; consequently, the population size cannot always be estimated. The use of molecular markers to identify individual genotypes from non-invasively collected samples is increasingly being used in wildlife conservation and may be an alternative approach for mala. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive scat DNA sampling to estimate the population abundance of mala. Methods: A panel of microsatellite markers was developed for the identification of individual mala via profiling of their scats. Scats were systematically collected from a wild mala population located in an 1100-ha fenced reserve in Western Australia. Individual genotypes were determined using the microsatellite markers, and the abundance of mala was estimated using the genotypes with spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) and mark–resight analyses. Key results: The genetic markers proved variable and with sufficient exclusionary power to confidently identify unique individuals (mean locus genotyping error rate: 3.1%). Individual genetic identification from scat sampling, when used with traditional mark–recapture/resight analytical models, provides feasible estimates of population abundance. This is the first reliable abundance estimate of this mala population, suggesting a >70% increase in population size since the initial reintroduction of 64 individuals in 2011–13. Conclusions: Given the inherent difficulties in surveying mala, this appro
Published: 2023

39. The Arches cluster revisited: IV. Observational constraints on the binary properties of very massive stars

Author: Clark, J. S., Lohr, M. E., Najarro, F., Patrick, L. R., Ritchie, B. W., Clark, J. S., Lohr, M. E., Najarro, F., Patrick, L. R., and Ritchie, B. W.
Abstract: Serving as the progenitors of electromagnetic and gravitational wave transients, massive stars have received renewed interest in recent years. However, many aspects of their birth and evolution remain opaque, particularly in the context of binary interactions. The centre of our galaxy hosts a rich cohort of very massive stars, which appear to play a prominent role in the ecology of the region. In this paper we investigate the binary properties of the Arches cluster, which is thought to host a large number of very massive stars. A combination of multi-epoch near-IR spectroscopy and photometry was utilised to identify binaries. 13 from 36 cluster members meet our criteria to be classed as RV variable. Combining the spectroscopic data with archival radio and X-ray observations - to detect colliding wind systems - provides a lower limit to the binary fraction of ~43%; increasing to >50% for the O-type hypergiants and WNLha. Dynamical and evolutionary masses reveal the primaries to be uniformly massive (>50M$_{\odot}$). Where available, orbital analysis reveals a number of short period, highly eccentric binaries, which appear to be pre-interaction systems. Such systems are X-ray luminous, with 80% above an empirical bound of $(L_{\rm x}/L_{\rm bol})\sim10^{-7}$ and their orbital configurations suggest formation and evolution via a single star channel; however, we cannot exclude a binary formation channel for a subset. Qualitative comparison to surveys of lower mass OB-type stars confirms that the trend to an extreme binary fraction (>60%) extends to the most massive stars currently forming in the local Universe., Comment: Accepted in MNRAS; In Memoriam: This work is dedicated to the memory of our dearest friend and colleague Simon Clark
Published: 2023
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40. Exploring the Potential of Large Language Models to Generate Formative Programming Feedback

Author: Sub Softw.Techn. for Learning and Teach, Software Technology for Learning and Teaching, Kiesler, Natalie, Lohr, Dominic, Keuning, Hieke, Sub Softw.Techn. for Learning and Teach, Software Technology for Learning and Teaching, Kiesler, Natalie, Lohr, Dominic, and Keuning, Hieke
Published: 2023

41. Klient:innen, die keine Anlaufstelle haben

Author: Strohmeier Navarro Smith, Rahel, Lohr, Sarah, Richner, Daniela, Strohmeier Navarro Smith, Rahel, Lohr, Sarah, and Richner, Daniela
Abstract: Organisation und Moderation des Fachaustausches
Published: 2023

42. Lead exposure of mainland Australia's top avian predator

Author: Hampton, Jordan O., Lohr, Michael T., Specht, Aaron J., Nzabanita, Damien, Hufschmid, Jasmin, Berger, Lee, McGinnis, Kate, Melville, Jane, Bennett, Emma, Pay, James M., Hampton, Jordan O., Lohr, Michael T., Specht, Aaron J., Nzabanita, Damien, Hufschmid, Jasmin, Berger, Lee, McGinnis, Kate, Melville, Jane, Bennett, Emma, and Pay, James M.
Abstract: Lead (Pb) toxicity, through ingestion of lead ammunition in carcasses, is a threat to scavenging birds worldwide, but has received little attention in Australia. We analyzed lead exposure in the wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax), the largest raptor species found in mainland Australia and a facultative scavenger. Eagle carcasses were collected opportunistically throughout south-eastern mainland Australia between 1996 and 2022. Lead concentrations were measured in bone samples from 62 animals via portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Lead was detected (concentration > 1 ppm) in 84% (n = 52) of the bone samples. The mean lead concentration of birds in which lead was detected was 9.10 ppm (±SE 1.66). Bone lead concentrations were elevated (10–20 ppm) in 12.9% of samples, and severe ( > 20 ppm) in 4.8% of samples. These proportions are moderately higher than equivalent data for the same species from the island of Tasmania, and are comparable to data from threatened eagle species from other continents. Lead exposure at these levels is likely to have negative impacts on wedge-tailed eagles at the level of the individual and perhaps at a population level. Our results suggest that studies of lead exposure in other Australian avian scavenger species are warranted.
Published: 2023

43. Further investigation of lead exposure as a potential threatening process for a scavenging marsupial species

Author: Hutchinson, D. J., Jones, E. M., Pay, J. M., Clarke, J. R., Lohr, Michael T., Hampton, J. O., Hutchinson, D. J., Jones, E. M., Pay, J. M., Clarke, J. R., Lohr, Michael T., and Hampton, J. O.
Abstract: There is a growing recognition of the harmful effects of lead exposure on avian and mammalian scavengers. This can lead to both lethal and non-lethal effects which may negatively impact wildlife populations. Our objective was to assess medium-term lead exposure in wild Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii). Frozen liver samples (n = 41), opportunistically collected in 2017–2022, were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine liver lead concentrations. These results were then used to calculate the proportion of animals with elevated lead levels ( > 5 mg/kg dry weight) and examine the role of explanatory variables that may have influenced the results. The majority of samples analysed were from the south-east corner of Tasmania, within 50 km of Hobart. No Tasmanian devil samples were found to have elevated lead levels. The median liver lead concentration was 0.17 mg/kg (range 0.05–1.32 mg/kg). Female devils were found to have significantly higher liver lead concentrations than males (P = 0.013), which was likely related to lactation, but other variables (age, location, body mass) were not significant. These results suggest that wild Tasmanian devil populations currently show minimal medium-term evidence of exposure to lead pollution, although samples were concentrated in peri-urban areas. The results provide a baseline level which can be used to assess the impact of any future changes in lead use in Tasmania. Furthermore, these data can be used as a comparison for lead exposure studies in other mammalian scavengers, including other carnivorous marsupial species.
Published: 2023

44. Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children : a population-based study in Sweden

Author: Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, Ivarsson, Anneli, Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, and Ivarsson, Anneli
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls. METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used. RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas. CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child a
Published: 2023
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45. FineMorphs: Affine-diffeomorphic sequences for regression

Author: Lohr, Michele, Younes, Laurent, Lohr, Michele, and Younes, Laurent
Abstract: A multivariate regression model of affine and diffeomorphic transformation sequences - FineMorphs - is presented. Leveraging concepts from shape analysis, model states are optimally "reshaped" by diffeomorphisms generated by smooth vector fields during learning. Affine transformations and vector fields are optimized within an optimal control setting, and the model can naturally reduce (or increase) dimensionality and adapt to large datasets via suboptimal vector fields. An existence proof of solution and necessary conditions for optimality for the model are derived. Experimental results on real datasets from the UCI repository are presented, with favorable results in comparison with state-of-the-art in the literature and densely-connected neural networks in TensorFlow., Comment: 39 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2023

46. Signal vs Noise in Eye-tracking Data: Biometric Implications and Identity Information Across Frequencies

Author: Raju, Mehedi H., Friedman, Lee, Lohr, Dillon, Komogortsev, Oleg, Raju, Mehedi H., Friedman, Lee, Lohr, Dillon, and Komogortsev, Oleg
Abstract: Prior research states that frequencies below 75 Hz in eye-tracking data represent the primary eye movement termed ``signal'' while those above 75 Hz are deemed ``noise''. This study examines the biometric significance of this signal-noise distinction and its privacy implications. There are important individual differences in a person's eye movement, which lead to reliable biometric performance in the ``signal'' part. Despite minimal eye-movement information in the ``noise'' recordings, there might be significant individual differences. Our results confirm the ``signal'' predominantly contains identity-specific information, yet the ``noise'' also possesses unexpected identity-specific data. This consistency holds for both short-(approx. 20 min) and long-term (approx. 1 year) biometric evaluations. Understanding the location of identity data within the eye movement spectrum is essential for privacy preservation., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Published: 2023
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47. Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children : a population-based study in Sweden

Author: Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, Ivarsson, Anneli, Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria, Lindkvist, Marie, Silfverdal, Sven-Arne, Lohr, Wolfgang, and Ivarsson, Anneli
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls. METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used. RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas. CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child a
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Development outcomes of land tenure formalization under customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania: a multinomial endogenous switching regression approach

Author: Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Ndyetabula, D.W., Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., and Ndyetabula, D.W.
Abstract: Background: Land Tenure Formalization (LTF) is long advocated as a policy prescription that fosters growth and reduces poverty in developing countries. However, the empirical evidence on LTF effects is mixed and inconclusive, proving unclear implications for policy. A set of possible conceptual and methodological flaws arising from treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized alongside potential selectivity biases are amongst the main explanations for the mixed and inconclusive results. Using Tanzania’s National Panel Survey data from the 2014/2015 wave and employing a Selectivity Corrected Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression, this study models the development outcomes of LTF with clear distinction of LTF between customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania. Findings: The study finds that possession of formal land tenure certificates [Certificate of Customary Right of Occupancy (CCRO) or Certificate of Granted Right of Occupancy (CGRO)] improves perceived land tenure security, but the effect is relatively larger and more significant for CGRO holders than CCRO holders especially in economically high potential areas, where land is becoming more individualized and commoditized. With regard to credit access, our results show variations in the effects between general, formal, and informal credit access. While there is no significant effect of LTF on general access to credit, possessing a CGRO significantly reduces the uptake of informal credit and appears to improve access to formal credit. With regard to land investments, our results show positive and significant effects of LTF on organic and inorganic fertilizer use as well as trees and permanent crops investments, but only for CGRO plots. Conclusions: The study concludes that the effects of LTF differ significantly between the land tenure systems, thus, treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized is an oversimplification that could potentially mislead polic
Published: 2023
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49. Development outcomes of land tenure formalization under customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania: a multinomial endogenous switching regression approach

Author: Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Ndyetabula, D.W., Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., and Ndyetabula, D.W.
Abstract: Background: Land Tenure Formalization (LTF) is long advocated as a policy prescription that fosters growth and reduces poverty in developing countries. However, the empirical evidence on LTF effects is mixed and inconclusive, proving unclear implications for policy. A set of possible conceptual and methodological flaws arising from treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized alongside potential selectivity biases are amongst the main explanations for the mixed and inconclusive results. Using Tanzania’s National Panel Survey data from the 2014/2015 wave and employing a Selectivity Corrected Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression, this study models the development outcomes of LTF with clear distinction of LTF between customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania. Findings: The study finds that possession of formal land tenure certificates [Certificate of Customary Right of Occupancy (CCRO) or Certificate of Granted Right of Occupancy (CGRO)] improves perceived land tenure security, but the effect is relatively larger and more significant for CGRO holders than CCRO holders especially in economically high potential areas, where land is becoming more individualized and commoditized. With regard to credit access, our results show variations in the effects between general, formal, and informal credit access. While there is no significant effect of LTF on general access to credit, possessing a CGRO significantly reduces the uptake of informal credit and appears to improve access to formal credit. With regard to land investments, our results show positive and significant effects of LTF on organic and inorganic fertilizer use as well as trees and permanent crops investments, but only for CGRO plots. Conclusions: The study concludes that the effects of LTF differ significantly between the land tenure systems, thus, treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized is an oversimplification that could potentially mislead polic
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Development outcomes of land tenure formalization under customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania: a multinomial endogenous switching regression approach

Author: Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., Ndyetabula, D.W., Msangi, H.A., Waized, B., Lohr, K., Sieber, S., and Ndyetabula, D.W.
Abstract: Background: Land Tenure Formalization (LTF) is long advocated as a policy prescription that fosters growth and reduces poverty in developing countries. However, the empirical evidence on LTF effects is mixed and inconclusive, proving unclear implications for policy. A set of possible conceptual and methodological flaws arising from treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized alongside potential selectivity biases are amongst the main explanations for the mixed and inconclusive results. Using Tanzania’s National Panel Survey data from the 2014/2015 wave and employing a Selectivity Corrected Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression, this study models the development outcomes of LTF with clear distinction of LTF between customary and statutory land tenure systems in Tanzania. Findings: The study finds that possession of formal land tenure certificates [Certificate of Customary Right of Occupancy (CCRO) or Certificate of Granted Right of Occupancy (CGRO)] improves perceived land tenure security, but the effect is relatively larger and more significant for CGRO holders than CCRO holders especially in economically high potential areas, where land is becoming more individualized and commoditized. With regard to credit access, our results show variations in the effects between general, formal, and informal credit access. While there is no significant effect of LTF on general access to credit, possessing a CGRO significantly reduces the uptake of informal credit and appears to improve access to formal credit. With regard to land investments, our results show positive and significant effects of LTF on organic and inorganic fertilizer use as well as trees and permanent crops investments, but only for CGRO plots. Conclusions: The study concludes that the effects of LTF differ significantly between the land tenure systems, thus, treating LTF as a dichotomy between formalized and non-formalized is an oversimplification that could potentially mislead polic
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

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