Search

Ling Lv,1 Xin Zhang,1 Yajun Liu,1 Xutong Zhu,2 Ruihan Pan,1 Lifa Huang1 1Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lifa Huang, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-57186620251, Email jazzle@163.comPurpose: Dysregulated liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) instigates tumorigenesis through biomolecular condensate dysfunction. However, the association between LLPS-associated genes and glioma remains underexplored.Patients and Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of glioma were obtained from the GSE50161 dataset, including 34 glioma and 13 normal samples. We analyzed differentially expressed LLPS-related genes in glioma from public databases. These genes informed refined molecular subtyping on the TCGA-glioma dataset. CIBERSORT assessed immune cell infiltration across three subclusters. A prognostic model was devised using univariate and lasso Cox regressions on intersecting genes. Prognostic gene expression was validated in glioma cells via RT-qPCR.Results: A total of 673 differentially expressed LLPS-associated genes were identified in glioma. Three distinct molecular subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) of glioma were obtained with a marked variance in the expression of immune checkpoint genes PD1 and PDL1. Differences in immune cell infiltration were observed across subtypes. In addition, a tri-gene prognostic signature (TAGLN2, NTNG2, and IGF2BP2) was derived with significant survival differences between high and low-risk groups. The prognostic model displayed impressive AUC values f

The development of new polymerization routes to afford N-heterocyclic polymers is of vital importance and highly desired for various practical applications. Herein, a facile and efficient polyannulation reaction of dual-activated alkyne and pyridines was developed to construct novel N-heterocyclic poly(quinolizine)s. This polymerization can proceed smoothly under catalyst-free conditions with 100% atom utilization to furnish poly(quinolizine)s with high molecular weights (up to 34,100) and well-defined structures in acceptable yields. The resulting polymers show good solubility, high thermal stability and strong red emission. Moreover, the prepared poly(quinolizine)s exhibit low cytotoxicity and can selectively label lysosomes in live cells. Considering the remarkable advantages of readily available raw materials, mild polymerization conditions, atom economy, and excellent product performance, this new and efficient polymerization tool will open up enormous opportunities for preparing functional N-heterocyclic polymers. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

The development of new polymerization routes to afford N-heterocyclic polymers is of vital importance and highly desired for various practical applications. Herein, a facile and efficient polyannulation reaction of dual-activated alkyne and pyridines was developed to construct novel N-heterocyclic poly(quinolizine)s. This polymerization can proceed smoothly under catalyst-free conditions with 100% atom utilization to furnish poly(quinolizine)s with high molecular weights (up to 34,100) and well-defined structures in acceptable yields. The resulting polymers show good solubility, high thermal stability and strong red emission. Moreover, the prepared poly(quinolizine)s exhibit low cytotoxicity and can selectively label lysosomes in live cells. Considering the remarkable advantages of readily available raw materials, mild polymerization conditions, atom economy, and excellent product performance, this new and efficient polymerization tool will open up enormous opportunities for preparing functional N-heterocyclic polymers.

Joint inversion of multiple geophysical data sets with complementary information content can significantly reduce the non-uniqueness inherent to each individual data set and, therefore, can improve subsurface characterization. Gradient-based joint inversion methods depend on the choice of model regularization and usually produce one single optimal model, and rely on linearization to estimate model parameter uncertainty. However, a quantitative evaluation of the parameter uncertainty of the derived model parameters is crucial for reliable data interpretation. In this study, we present a transdimensional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for the joint inversion of direct current resistivity and transient electromagnetic data, which provides a rigorous assessment of the uncertainty associated with the derived model. The transdimensional property of the algorithm allows the number of unknown model parameters to be determined adaptively by the data. This usually favours models with fewer parameters through the parsimony criterion of the Bayesian method by choosing suitable prior distributions. In this paper, we demonstrate that the transdimensional MCMC method combines complementary information contained in each data set and reduces the overall uncertainty using synthetic examples. Furthermore, we successfully applied the new joint inversion scheme to field data from Azraq, Jordan. The transdimensional MCMC inversion results are in good agreement with the results obtained by deterministic inversion techniques. From the MCMC inversion results we identified the thickness of a basalt formation and a conductive zone, which were uncertain and not interpreted in prior studies, adding to the geological interpretation.

Joint inversion of multiple geophysical data sets with complementary information content can significantly reduce the non-uniqueness inherent to each individual data set and, therefore, can improve subsurface characterization. Gradient-based joint inversion methods depend on the choice of model regularization and usually produce one single optimal model, and rely on linearization to estimate model parameter uncertainty. However, a quantitative evaluation of the parameter uncertainty of the derived model parameters is crucial for reliable data interpretation. In this study, we present a transdimensional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for the joint inversion of direct current resistivity and transient electromagnetic data, which provides a rigorous assessment of the uncertainty associated with the derived model. The transdimensional property of the algorithm allows the number of unknown model parameters to be determined adaptively by the data. This usually favours models with fewer parameters through the parsimony criterion of the Bayesian method by choosing suitable prior distributions. In this paper, we demonstrate that the transdimensional MCMC method combines complementary information contained in each data set and reduces the overall uncertainty using synthetic examples. Furthermore, we successfully applied the new joint inversion scheme to field data from Azraq, Jordan. The transdimensional MCMC inversion results are in good agreement with the results obtained by deterministic inversion techniques. From the MCMC inversion results we identified the thickness of a basalt formation and a conductive zone, which were uncertain and not interpreted in prior studies, adding to the geological interpretation.

Electrical anisotropy of formations has been long recognized by field and laboratory evidence. However, most interpretations of long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) data arc based on the assumption of an electrical isotropic earth. Neglecting electrical anisotropy of formations may cause severe misleading interpretations in regions with strong electrical anisotropy. During a large scale LOTEM survey in a former mining area in Eastern Germany, data was acquired over black shale formations. These black shales are expected to produce a pronounced bulk anisotropy. Here, we investigate the effects of electrical anisotropy on LOTEM responses through numerical simulation using a finite-volume time-domain (FVTD) algorithm. On the basis of isotropic models obtained from LOTEM field data, various anisotropic models are developed and analysed. Numerical results demonstrate that the presence of electrical anisotropy has a significant influence on LOTEM responses. Based on the numerical modelling results, an isolated deep conductive anomaly presented in the 2-D isotropic LOTEM electric field data inversion result is identified as a possible artifact introduced by using an isotropic inversion scheme. Trial-and-error forward modelling of the LOTEM electric field data using an anisotropic conductivity model can explain the data and results in a reasonable quantitative data fit. The derived anisotropic 2-D model is consistent with the prior geological information.

Electrical anisotropy of formations has been long recognized by field and laboratory evidence. However, most interpretations of long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) data arc based on the assumption of an electrical isotropic earth. Neglecting electrical anisotropy of formations may cause severe misleading interpretations in regions with strong electrical anisotropy. During a large scale LOTEM survey in a former mining area in Eastern Germany, data was acquired over black shale formations. These black shales are expected to produce a pronounced bulk anisotropy. Here, we investigate the effects of electrical anisotropy on LOTEM responses through numerical simulation using a finite-volume time-domain (FVTD) algorithm. On the basis of isotropic models obtained from LOTEM field data, various anisotropic models are developed and analysed. Numerical results demonstrate that the presence of electrical anisotropy has a significant influence on LOTEM responses. Based on the numerical modelling results, an isolated deep conductive anomaly presented in the 2-D isotropic LOTEM electric field data inversion result is identified as a possible artifact introduced by using an isotropic inversion scheme. Trial-and-error forward modelling of the LOTEM electric field data using an anisotropic conductivity model can explain the data and results in a reasonable quantitative data fit. The derived anisotropic 2-D model is consistent with the prior geological information.

Shujuan Wang,1,* Yu Zhang,1,* Yajun Liu,2 Ruyue Zheng,1 Zhenzhen Wu,1 Yi Fan,1 Mengya Li,1 Menglin Li,1 Tao Li,1 Yafei Li,1 Zhongxing Jiang,1 Chong Wang,1 Yanfang Liu1 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School/Rhode Island Hospital, Rhode Island, RI, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yanfang Liu; Chong WangDepartment of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail fccliuyf1@zzu.edu.cn; fccwangc@zzu.edu.cnBackground: Relapse is a major obstacle in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Refinement of risk stratification may aid the identification of patients who are likely to relapse. Abnormal cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 (CSRP2) has been implicated in various cancers, but its function remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of CSRP2 in predicting adult AML recurrence.Methods: RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of CSRP2 in 193 newly diagnosed adult AML patients and 44 healthy controls. The competitive risk model was used to calculate the cumulative incidence of relapse rate (CIR), Kaplan–Meier to calculate the relapse-free survival rate (RFS), and the Cox regression model to perform multivariate analysis. Viral transfection was used to construct AML cell lines with stable knockdown of CSRP2, CCK8 to detect proliferation and drug resistance, flow cytometry to detect cell cycle and apoptosis, and Western blot to detect key molecules in signaling pathways.Results: CSRP2 transcript levels were higher in 193 adult AML compared with 44 healthy controls. In 149 patients who achieved complete remission, those with high CSRP2 transcript levels displayed a lower 2-year CIR and higher 2-year RFS, especiall

As market competition becomes more and more fierce, brand building and customer retention are important ways for modern enterprises to find competitive advantages. Some brand problems arise inevitably in the development of modern enterprises. How to survive in a crisis, retain the original customers, which have been the primary businesses for enterprises to find ways to solve. The aim of the present study is to explore the mechanism between brand personalities and brand forgiveness. The explanations for this study is based on the framework of the Theory of Similarity. Combined with the theory, the study explains the influence of brand personality on brand forgiveness from the path of brand trust. And in the context of emotional brand attachment, this mechanism is more obvious. Keywords: Brand personality, Brand trust, Brand forgiveness, Emotional brand attachment DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-20-02 Publication date:July 31st 2019

As market competition becomes more and more fierce, brand building and customer retention are important ways for modern enterprises to find competitive advantages. Some brand problems arise inevitably in the development of modern enterprises. How to survive in a crisis, retain the original customers, which have been the primary businesses for enterprises to find ways to solve. The aim of the present study is to explore the mechanism between brand personalities and brand forgiveness. The explanations for this study is based on the framework of the Theory of Similarity. Combined with the theory, the study explains the influence of brand personality on brand forgiveness from the path of brand trust. And in the context of emotional brand attachment, this mechanism is more obvious. Keywords: Brand personality, Brand trust, Brand forgiveness, Emotional brand attachment DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-20-02 Publication date:July 31st 2019

Yongjian Yang, Dahai Qiu, Yajun Liu, Lei Chao Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji’nan, Shandong Province 250013, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lei ChaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Ji’nan, Shandong Province 250013, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 05 318 569 5114Email leichaojncp@outlook.comPurpose: Hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphoethanolamine (HA-PEG-DSPE) modified and tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) contained nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were prepared loading ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine to improve the topical anesthetic analgesic anesthesia efficiency.Methods: NLCs were prepared by the solvent diffusion method. The average particle size, zeta potential, release behavior, and cytotoxicity of the NLCs were tested. Ex vivo skin permeation was studied using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with depilated rat skin. Local anesthesia antinociceptive efficiency was evaluated by rat tail flick latency study in vivo.Results: NLCs have sizes of about 100 nm, with negative zeta potentials. All the NLCs formulations were found to be significantly less cytotoxic than free drugs at equivalent concentrations. The cumulative amount of drugs penetrated through rat skin from NLCs was 2.0–4.7 folds higher than that of the drugs solution. The in vivo anesthesia antinociception study displayed that NLCs showed stronger and longer anesthesia antinociceptive effect when compared with single drugs loaded NLCs and drugs solution even at a lower dosage of drugs.Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the HA modified, TPGS contained, dual drugs loaded NLCs could perform a synergistic effect and may reduce the amount of drugs, which can lower the toxicity of the system and at the meanwhile, increase the anesthesia antinociceptive efficiency.K

Target tracking is an important issue of social security. In order to track a target, traditionally a large amount of surveillance video data need to be uploaded into the cloud for processing and analysis, which put stremendous bandwidth pressure on communication links in access networks and core networks. At the same time, the long delay in wide area network is very likely to cause a tracking system to lose its target. Often, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been adopted for target tracking due to its flexibility, but its limited flight time due to battery constraint and the blocking by various obstacles in the field pose two major challenges to its target tracking task, which also very likely results in the loss of target. A novel target tracking model that coordinates the tracking by UAV and ground nodes in an edge computing environment is proposed in this study. The model can effectively reduce the communication cost and the long delay of the traditional surveillance camera system that relies on cloud computing, and it can improve the probability of finding a target again after an UAV loses the tracing of that target. It has been demonstrated that the proposed system achieved a significantly better performance in terms of low latency, high reliability, and optimal quality of experience (QoE).

Obelia longissima, a tiny hydrozoan living in temperate and cold seas, features the Obelin photoprotein, which emits blue light. The Obelin bioluminescence and the Ca2+-discharged Obelin fluorescence spectra show multimodal characteristics that are currently interpreted by the concomitant participation of several light emitters. Up to now, the coelenteramide luminophore is thought to exist in different protonation states, one of them engaged in an ion-pair with the nearby residue, His22. Using hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations, we demonstrate that such an ion-pair cannot exist as a stable light emitter. However, when His22 electric neutrality is maintained by means of another proton transfer, the phenolate state of coelenteramide exhibits emission properties in agreement with experiment. Finally, an alternative nonradiative decay pathway, involving the formation of a diradical excited state, is postulated for the first time.

Zhenhua Hu,1,2,* Meiling Liao,2,* Yinghui Chen,3,* Yunpeng Cai,2 Lele Meng,2 Yajun Liu,2 Nan Lv,2 Zhenguo Liu,1 Weien Yuan21Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Silicone oil, as a major component in conditioner, is beneficial in the moisture preservation and lubrication of hair. However, it is difficult for silicone oil to directly absorb on the hair surface because of its hydrophobicity. Stable nanoemulsions containing silicone oil may present as a potential solution to this problem.Methods: Silicone oil nanoemulsions were prepared using the oil-in-water method with nonionic surfactants. Emulsion particle size and distribution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The kinetic stability of this nanoemulsion system was investigated under accelerated stability tests and long-term storage. The effect of silicone oil deposition on hair was examined by analyzing the element of hair after treatment of silicone oil nanoemulsions.Results: Nonionic surfactants such as Span 80 and Tween 80 are suitable emulsifiers to prepare oil-in-water nanoemulsions that are both thermodynamically stable and can enhance the absorption of silicone oil on hair surface.Conclusion: The silicone oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing nonionic surfactants present as a promising solution to improve the silicone oil deposition on the hair surface for hair care applications.Keywords: silicone oil, nanoemulsion, stability, moisture preservation, lubrication

Zhenhua Hu,1,2,* Meiling Liao,2,* Yinghui Chen,3,* Yunpeng Cai,2 Lele Meng,2 Yajun Liu,2 Nan Lv,2 Zhenguo Liu,1 Weien Yuan21Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Silicone oil, as a major component in conditioner, is beneficial in the moisture preservation and lubrication of hair. However, it is difficult for silicone oil to directly absorb on the hair surface because of its hydrophobicity. Stable nanoemulsions containing silicone oil may present as a potential solution to this problem.Methods: Silicone oil nanoemulsions were prepared using the oil-in-water method with nonionic surfactants. Emulsion particle size and distribution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The kinetic stability of this nanoemulsion system was investigated under accelerated stability tests and long-term storage. The effect of silicone oil deposition on hair was examined by analyzing the element of hair after treatment of silicone oil nanoemulsions.Results: Nonionic surfactants such as Span 80 and Tween 80 are suitable emulsifiers to prepare oil-in-water nanoemulsions that are both thermodynamically stable and can enhance the absorption of silicone oil on hair surface.Conclusion: The silicone oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing nonionic surfactants present as a promising solution to improve the silicone oil deposition on the hair surface for hair care applications.Keywords: silicone oil, nanoemulsion, stability, moisture preservation, lubrication

The gas-phase decompositions of a thiazole-substituted dioxetanone, in both the natural and anionic forms, were investigated theoretically in a CASSCF/CASPT2 study. The neutral conjugated thiazole (with or without a hydroxyl group) substitution on the dioxetanone has no evident effect on the dissociation; however, a subsequent deprotonation - invoking charge-transfer excitations from the thiazole to the dioxetanone moiety - will dramatically change the reaction mechanism from stepwise to concerted, and reduce the activation barrier by similar to 8 kcal mol(-1). These findings are helpful for the better understanding of dioxetanone chemiluminescence and the charge-transfer induced electron excitation in chemi- and bioluminescence processes.

The unimolecular chemiluminescent decomposition of unsubstituted dioxetanone was studied at the complete active space self-consistent field level of theory combined with the multistate second-order multiconfigurational perturbation theory energy correction. The calculations revealed interesting features. Two transition states, two conical intersections, and one intermediate stable biradical structure along the lowest energy reaction path were identified. It was noted that the conical intersections are found at or in very close proximity to the transition states. The first and second transition states correspond to O-O and C-C cleavages, respectively. In particular, a planar structure is supported by the(1)(sigma,sigma*) state during the O-O dissociation up to the first transition state and conical intersection. At this point the (1)(sigma,sigma*) state dissociation path bifurcates, corresponding to a torsion of the O-C-C-O angle. Simultaneously, the (1)(n,sigma*) state becomes lower in energy while still favoring a planar structure. As the lowest-energy reaction path proceeds toward the second transition state and conical intersection, the (1)(n,sigma*), (3)(n,sigma*), and (1)(sigma,sigma*)states are close in energy. This work suggests that the vibrational distribution at the first conical intersection and the interactions among the states as the reaction proceeds between the two transition states are the origin of the population of the chemiluminescent (n,sigma*) states.

Liu Yajun., Thesis submitted in: November 2005., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-93)., s in English and Chinese., Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.5, Chapter Chapter 2: --- ST Firms in China --- p.15, Chapter Chapter 3: --- Sample Selection and Data Description --- p.22, Chapter 3.1 --- Data sources --- p.22, Chapter 3.2 --- Data description --- p.23, Chapter Chapter 4: --- Methodology --- p.30, Chapter 4.1 --- Event study for abnormal returns --- p.30, Chapter 4.1.1 --- Definition and observation period --- p.30, Chapter 4.1.2 --- Normal and abnormal returns --- p.31, Chapter 4.1.3 --- Models to determine the normal returns --- p.31, Chapter 4.1.4 --- Market model estimation --- p.33, Chapter 4.1.5 --- Statistical inference --- p.35, Chapter 4.2 --- Models with discrete dependent variables --- p.37, Chapter 4.3 --- Wilconxon rank test --- p.38, Chapter Chapter 5: --- Results of Empirical Studies --- p.39, Chapter 5.1 --- Market reaction to ST events-event study --- p.39, Chapter 5.2 --- Relationship of the cumulative abnormal returns and restructuring activities --- p.44, Chapter 5.3 --- Relationship of ST status and restructuring activities --- p.50, Chapter 5.4 --- Operational performance pre and post Share- restructuring activities of ST firms --- p.54, Chapter 5.5 --- Regression result of operational performance pre and post share- restructuring activities --- p.57, Chapter Chapter 6: --- Conclusion --- p.59, Tables --- p.64, Appendix I: Special Treatment System in China's Stock Market --- p.87, References --- p.89, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892749, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Liu Yajun., Thesis submitted in: November 2005., Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-93)., s in English and Chinese., Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.5, Chapter Chapter 2: --- ST Firms in China --- p.15, Chapter Chapter 3: --- Sample Selection and Data Description --- p.22, Chapter 3.1 --- Data sources --- p.22, Chapter 3.2 --- Data description --- p.23, Chapter Chapter 4: --- Methodology --- p.30, Chapter 4.1 --- Event study for abnormal returns --- p.30, Chapter 4.1.1 --- Definition and observation period --- p.30, Chapter 4.1.2 --- Normal and abnormal returns --- p.31, Chapter 4.1.3 --- Models to determine the normal returns --- p.31, Chapter 4.1.4 --- Market model estimation --- p.33, Chapter 4.1.5 --- Statistical inference --- p.35, Chapter 4.2 --- Models with discrete dependent variables --- p.37, Chapter 4.3 --- Wilconxon rank test --- p.38, Chapter Chapter 5: --- Results of Empirical Studies --- p.39, Chapter 5.1 --- Market reaction to ST events-event study --- p.39, Chapter 5.2 --- Relationship of the cumulative abnormal returns and restructuring activities --- p.44, Chapter 5.3 --- Relationship of ST status and restructuring activities --- p.50, Chapter 5.4 --- Operational performance pre and post Share- restructuring activities of ST firms --- p.54, Chapter 5.5 --- Regression result of operational performance pre and post share- restructuring activities --- p.57, Chapter Chapter 6: --- Conclusion --- p.59, Tables --- p.64, Appendix I: Special Treatment System in China's Stock Market --- p.87, References --- p.89, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892749, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Rabadia, C. D., Liu, Y. J., Wang, L., Sun, H., & Zhang, L. C. (2018). Laves phase precipitation in Ti-Zr-Fe-Cr alloys with high strength and large plasticity. Materials & Design. Available here.

The geological setting of the large composite deposit is described, details are given of the characteristics of folds in the area and the existence of the Xianebaodan plunging anticline is ascertained. The folds are divided into four grades; folds of different grades are considered to have been superimposed on each other during different phases of structural movement. The ore-controlling roles of folding resulted from such features as the multiperiodic and multigrade activity, equidistance and location. The basic principle of dynamic mineralisation of the fold structures is tentatively discussed and the ore-forming mechanisms analysed on that basis. It is thought that the pulsating superimposition and compounding of folds of various phases and grades intensified the dynamic mineralisation of the fold structures, leading eventually to the formation of the deposit and its spatial distribution framework., The geological setting of the large composite deposit is described, details are given of the characteristics of folds in the area and the existence of the Xianebaodan plunging anticline is ascertained. The folds are divided into four grades; folds of different grades are considered to have been superimposed on each other during different phases of structural movement. The ore-controlling roles of folding resulted from such features as the multiperiodic and multigrade activity, equidistance and location. The basic principle of dynamic mineralisation of the fold structures is tentatively discussed and the ore-forming mechanisms analysed on that basis. It is thought that the pulsating superimposition and compounding of folds of various phases and grades intensified the dynamic mineralisation of the fold structures, leading eventually to the formation of the deposit and its spatial distribution framework.