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1. Aromatic glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway in Barbarea vulgaris and its response to Plutella xylostella infestation

Author

Liu, Tongjin, Zhang, Xiaohui, Yang, Haohui, Agerbirk, Niels, Qiu, Yang, Wang, Haiping, Shen, Di, Song, Jiangping, Li, Xixiang, Liu, Tongjin, Zhang, Xiaohui, Yang, Haohui, Agerbirk, Niels, Qiu, Yang, Wang, Haiping, Shen, Di, Song, Jiangping, and Li, Xixiang

Abstract

The inducibility of the glucosinolate resistance mechanism is an energy-saving strategy for plants, but whether induction would still be triggered by glucosinolate-tolerant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth, DBM) after a plant had evolved a new resistance mechanism (e.g., saponins in Barbara vulgaris) was unknown. In B. vulgaris, aromatic glucosinolates derived from homo-phenylalanine are the dominant glucosinolates, but their biosynthesis pathway was unclear. In this study, we used G-type (pest-resistant) and P-type (pest-susceptible) B. vulgaris to compare glucosinolate levels and the expression profiles of their biosynthesis genes before and after infestation by DBM larvae. Two different stereoisomers of hydroxylated aromatic glucosinolates are dominant in G- and P-type B. vulgaris, respectively, and are induced by DBM. The transcripts of genes in the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway and their corresponding transcription factors were identified from an Illumina dataset of G- and P-type B. vulgaris. Many genes involved or potentially involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis were induced in both plant types. The expression patterns of six DBM induced genes were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), while six long-fragment genes were validated by molecular cloning. The core structure biosynthetic genes showed high sequence similarities between the two genotypes. In contrast, the sequence identity of two apparent side chain modification genes, the SHO gene in the G-type and the RHO in P-type plants, showed only 77.50% identity in coding DNA sequences and 65.48% identity in deduced amino acid sequences. The homology to GS-OH in Arabidopsis, DBM induction of the transcript and a series of qPCR and glucosinolate analyses of G-type, P-type and F1 plants indicated that these genes control the production of S and R isomers of 2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl glucosinolate. These glucosinolates were significantly induced by P. xylostella larvae in both the susceptiple P-type

Published
2016

2. Aromatic glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway in Barbarea vulgaris and its response to Plutella xylostella infestation

Author

Liu, Tongjin, Zhang, Xiaohui, Yang, Haohui, Agerbirk, Niels, Qiu, Yang, Wang, Haiping, Shen, Di, Song, Jiangping, Li, Xixiang, Liu, Tongjin, Zhang, Xiaohui, Yang, Haohui, Agerbirk, Niels, Qiu, Yang, Wang, Haiping, Shen, Di, Song, Jiangping, and Li, Xixiang

Abstract

The inducibility of the glucosinolate resistance mechanism is an energy-saving strategy for plants, but whether induction would still be triggered by glucosinolate-tolerant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth, DBM) after a plant had evolved a new resistance mechanism (e.g., saponins in Barbara vulgaris) was unknown. In B. vulgaris, aromatic glucosinolates derived from homo-phenylalanine are the dominant glucosinolates, but their biosynthesis pathway was unclear. In this study, we used G-type (pest-resistant) and P-type (pest-susceptible) B. vulgaris to compare glucosinolate levels and the expression profiles of their biosynthesis genes before and after infestation by DBM larvae. Two different stereoisomers of hydroxylated aromatic glucosinolates are dominant in G- and P-type B. vulgaris, respectively, and are induced by DBM. The transcripts of genes in the glucosinolate biosynthesis pathway and their corresponding transcription factors were identified from an Illumina dataset of G- and P-type B. vulgaris. Many genes involved or potentially involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis were induced in both plant types. The expression patterns of six DBM induced genes were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), while six long-fragment genes were validated by molecular cloning. The core structure biosynthetic genes showed high sequence similarities between the two genotypes. In contrast, the sequence identity of two apparent side chain modification genes, the SHO gene in the G-type and the RHO in P-type plants, showed only 77.50% identity in coding DNA sequences and 65.48% identity in deduced amino acid sequences. The homology to GS-OH in Arabidopsis, DBM induction of the transcript and a series of qPCR and glucosinolate analyses of G-type, P-type and F1 plants indicated that these genes control the production of S and R isomers of 2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl glucosinolate. These glucosinolates were significantly induced by P. xylostella larvae in both the susceptiple P-type

Published
2016

5. The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa

Author

Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, Li, Yingrui, Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, and Li, Yingrui

Abstract

We report the annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage. We modeled 41,174 protein coding genes in the B. rapa genome, which has undergone genome triplication. We used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one of the three copies consistently retaining a disproportionately large fraction of the genes expected to have been present in its ancestor. Variation in the number of members of gene families present in the genome may contribute to the remarkable morphological plasticity of Brassica species. The B. rapa genome sequence provides an important resource for studying the evolution of polyploid genomes and underpins the genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.

Published
2011

6. The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa

Author

Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, Li, Yingrui, Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, and Li, Yingrui

Abstract

We report the annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage. We modeled 41,174 protein coding genes in the B. rapa genome, which has undergone genome triplication. We used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one of the three copies consistently retaining a disproportionately large fraction of the genes expected to have been present in its ancestor. Variation in the number of members of gene families present in the genome may contribute to the remarkable morphological plasticity of Brassica species. The B. rapa genome sequence provides an important resource for studying the evolution of polyploid genomes and underpins the genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.

Published
2011

7. The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa

Author

Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, Li, Yingrui, Wang, Xiaowu, Wang, Hanzhong, Wang, Jun, Sun, Rifei, Wu, Jian, Liu, Shengyi, Bai, Yinqi, Mun, Jeong-Hwan, Bancroft, Ian, Cheng, Feng, Huang, Sanwen, Li, Xixiang, Hua, Wei, Wang, Junyi, Wang, Xiyin, Freeling, Michael, Pires, J. Chris, Paterson, Andrew, Chalhoub, Boulos, Wang, Bo, Hayward, Alice, Sharpe, Andrew, Park, Beom-Seok, Weisshaar, Bernd, Liu, Binghang, Li, Bo, Liu, Bo, Tong, Chaobo, Song, Chi, Duran, Christopher, Peng, Chunfang, Geng, Chunyu, Koh, Chushin, Lin, Chuyu, Edwards, David, Mu, Desheng, Shen, Di, Soumpourou, Eleni, Li, Fei, Fraser, Fiona, Conant, Gavin, Lassalle, Gilles, King, Graham, Bonnema, Guusje, Tang, Haibao, Wang, Haiping, Belcram, Harry, Zhou, Heling, Hirakawa, Hideki, Abe, Hiroshi, Guo, Hui, Wang, Hui, Jin, Huizhe, Parkin, Isobel, Batley, Jacqueline, Kim, Jeong-Sun, Just, Jérémy, Li, Jianwen, Xu, Jiaohui, Deng, Jie, Kim, Jin Hyun, Li, Jingping, Yu, Jingyin, Meng, Jinling, Wang, Jinpeng, Min, Jiumeng, Poulain, Julie, Hatakeyama, Katsunori, Wu, Kui, Wang, Li, Fang, Lu, Trick, Martin, Links, Matthew, Zhao, Meixia, Jin, Mina, Ramchiary, Nirala, Drou, Nizar, Berkman, Paul, Cai, Qingle, Huang, Quanfei, Li, Ruiqiang, Tabata, Satoshi, Cheng, Shifeng, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shujiang, Huang, Shunmou, Sato, Shusei, Sun, Silong, Kwon, Soo-Jin, Choi, Su-Ryun, Lee, Tae-Ho, Fan, Wei, Zhao, Xiang, Tan, Xu, Xu, Xun, Wang, Yan, Qiu, Yang, Yin, Ye, and Li, Yingrui

Abstract

We report the annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage. We modeled 41,174 protein coding genes in the B. rapa genome, which has undergone genome triplication. We used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one of the three copies consistently retaining a disproportionately large fraction of the genes expected to have been present in its ancestor. Variation in the number of members of gene families present in the genome may contribute to the remarkable morphological plasticity of Brassica species. The B. rapa genome sequence provides an important resource for studying the evolution of polyploid genomes and underpins the genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.

Published
2011

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