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The current categorical classification system for personality disorders (PDs) has various limitations and therefore the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in Section III emerged. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a self-report questionnaire to map the maladaptive personality traits of this model. The instrument has been researched in different countries, but the Dutch translation of the PID-5 has not been studied yet. This was the goal of the current study. The study was conducted in a combined Dutch sample of two Dutch mental health institutions (N = 750). The reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the PID-5 was studied. The results showed a good reliability at the domain level (range = .89-.93) and reasonable reliability at the trait-level (range = .75-.92). With regards to the validity of the PID-5, the traits of the PID-5 overall correlated with instruments that measure other aspects of personality dysfunctioning (severity) and the six PDs in the DSM-5 Section III (although mostly small to moderate correlations). Some assigned traits did not correlate with specific PDs (i.e., the traits Intimacy avoidance and Restricted affectivity and Obsessive-compulsive PD (OCPD)) and some non-assigned traits had high correlations with specific PDs (e.g., the trait Manipulativeness and Narcisstic PD (NPD)), suggesting rearrangement in trait profiles for PDs. The study found evidence for a five-factor model (Negative affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition and Psychoticism), although some traits seemed better suited at domains they were not originally assigned to. Further studies should look into additional measures of reliability and validity, employment of cut-off scores, inclusion of validity scales and research in a normal population. To conclude, it can be stated that the Dutch translation of the PID-5 has reasonable to good reliability, validity and factor structure.

The current categorical classification system for personality disorders (PDs) has various limitations and therefore the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in Section III emerged. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a self-report questionnaire to map the maladaptive personality traits of this model. The instrument has been researched in different countries, but the Dutch translation of the PID-5 has not been studied yet. This was the goal of the current study. The study was conducted in a combined Dutch sample of two Dutch mental health institutions (N = 750). The reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the PID-5 was studied. The results showed a good reliability at the domain level (range = .89-.93) and reasonable reliability at the trait-level (range = .75-.92). With regards to the validity of the PID-5, the traits of the PID-5 overall correlated with instruments that measure other aspects of personality dysfunctioning (severity) and the six PDs in the DSM-5 Section III (although mostly small to moderate correlations). Some assigned traits did not correlate with specific PDs (i.e., the traits Intimacy avoidance and Restricted affectivity and Obsessive-compulsive PD (OCPD)) and some non-assigned traits had high correlations with specific PDs (e.g., the trait Manipulativeness and Narcisstic PD (NPD)), suggesting rearrangement in trait profiles for PDs. The study found evidence for a five-factor model (Negative affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition and Psychoticism), although some traits seemed better suited at domains they were not originally assigned to. Further studies should look into additional measures of reliability and validity, employment of cut-off scores, inclusion of validity scales and research in a normal population. To conclude, it can be stated that the Dutch translation of the PID-5 has reasonable to good reliability, validity and factor structure.

NR 20160422

During the synthesis of ZnS powders by wet chemical precipitation, the formation of nanoporous spheres is observed. The powders have been investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction and optical spectroscopies. Nanopore formation can be explained by several stages of growth. The formation of nanoparticles as primary particles is followed by their agglomeration forming secondary particles. These secondary particles are monodispersed spheres with a considerable porosity, because the agglomeration of the nanoparticles is unlikely to be volume-filling. The voids or nanopores formed by this agglomeration process in the secondary particles is estimated to comprise around 35% of the sphere volume. They are mainly filled with water and the residues of the chemical reagents. Water in the pores partially reacts with ZnS and forms hydrated sulphates. The chemical reagents used for the precipitation reactions are also found to be bound to the nanocrystallite's surfaces as ligands in some cases. Depending on the reaction conditions and reagents, the agglomeration of the nanoparticles can also be modified or hindered by the use of complexing agents acting as a sterically stabilizing surface layer on the nanocrystallites. The agglomeration of nanoparticles to larger units being a general phenomenon, this use of complexing agents to control pore formation and agglomerate size should be applicable to other nanocrystalline systems., NR 20160331

NR 20160331

The optical constants nAl and kAl of a 50/50 volume fraction Au/Ag alloy were derived synthetically by application of a Bruggeman (BG) effective medium expression. The alloy data base was then input into a Maxwell-Garnett (MG) effective medium expression to determine the absorption maximum of the nano- alloy/insulator composite (the volume fraction of the nano-alloy was equal to 5%). The absorption maximum (λmax) of the hypothetical composite was found to be 499 nm for spherical particles and was blue-shifted relative to that of a composite containing pure gold nanospheres (499 vs. 528 nm respectively). The transmission color at this wavelength was a red-orange. λmax in the range 512 to 519 nm (Au/Ag alloy between 60/40 - 70/30 volume fraction respectively) is needed to obtain the scarlet-red exhibited by the famous Lycurgus cup of 4th century Rome (1). © 1997 Acta Metallurgica Inc., NR 20160422

The optical constants n sub Al and k sub Al of a 50/50 volume fraction Au / Ag alloy were derived synthetically by application of a Bruggeman (BG) effective medium expression. The alloy data base was then input into a Maxwell-Garnett (MG) effective medium expression to determine the absorption maximum of the nano-alloy/insulator composite (the volume fraction of the nano-alloy was equal to 5%). The absorption maximum (lambda max) of the hypothetical composite was found to be 499 nm for spherical particles and was blue-shifted relative to that of a composite containing pure gold nanospheres (499 vs. 528 nm respectively). The transmission color at this wavelength was a red-orange. lambda max in the range 512 to 519 nm (Au / Ag alloy between 60/40-70/30 volume fraction respectively) is needed to obtain the scarlet-red exhibited by the famous Lycurgus cup of 4th century Rome.

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