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BackgroundCancer patients are at risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). Catheter-based therapies (CBT) are novel reperfusion options for PE though data in patients with cancer is lacking.Study design and methodsPatients with intermediate- or high-risk PE were identified using the National Readmission Database (NRD) from 2017 to 2020. Primary outcome were in-hospital death and 90-day readmission. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital bleeding, 90-day readmission for venous thromboembolism (VTE)-related or right heart failure-related reasons and bleeding. Propensity scores were estimated using logistic regression and inverse-probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was utilized to compare outcomes between CBT and no CBT as well as CBT versus systemic thrombolysis.ResultsA total of 7785 patients were included (2511 with high-risk PE) of whom 1045 (13.4%) were managed with CBT. After IPTW, CBT was associated with lower rates of index hospitalization death (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96) and 90-day readmission (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.69-0.81) but higher rates of in-hospital bleeding (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20) which was predominantly post-procedural bleeding. CBT was associated with lower risk of major bleeding (20.8% vs 24.8%; OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94) compared with systemic thrombolysis.InterpretationAmong patients with cancer with intermediate or high-risk PE, CBT was associated with lower in-hospital death and 90-day readmission. CBT was also associated with decreased risk of index hospitalization major bleeding compared with systemic thrombolysis. Prospective, randomized trials with inclusion of patients with cancer are needed to confirm these findings.

Metamonads are a diverse group of heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes adapted to living in hypoxic environments. All metamonads but one harbour metabolically altered ‘mitochondrion-related organelles’ (MROs) with reduced functions, however the degree of reduction varies. Here, we generate high-quality draft genomes, transcriptomes, and predicted proteomes for five recently discovered free-living metamonads. Phylogenomic analyses placed these organisms in a group we name the ‘BaSk’ (Barthelonids+Skoliomonads) clade, a deeply branching sister group to the Fornicata, a phylum that includes parasitic and free-living flagellates. Bioinformatic analyses of gene models shows that these organisms are predicted to have extremely reduced MRO proteomes in comparison to other free-living metamonads. Loss of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly system in some organisms in this group appears to be linked to the acquisition in their common ancestral lineage of a SUF-like minimal system Fe/S cluster pathway by lateral gene transfer. One of the isolates, Skoliomonas litria, appears to have lost all other known MRO pathways. No proteins were confidently assigned to the predicted MRO proteome of this organism suggesting that the organelle has been lost. The extreme mitochondrial reduction observed within this free-living anaerobic protistan clade demonstrates that mitochondrial functions may be completely lost even in free-living organisms.

Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) bridging innate and adaptive immunity, playing an essential role in triggering specific cellular and humoral responses against tumor and infectious antigens. Consequently, various DC-based antitumor therapeutic strategies have been developed, particularly vaccines, and have been intensively investigated specifically in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This hematological malignancy mainly affects the elderly population (those aged over 65), which usually presents a high rate of therapeutic failure and an unfavorable prognosis. In this review, we examine the current state of development and progress of vaccines in AML. The findings evidence the possible administration of DC-based vaccines as an adjuvant treatment in AML following initial therapy. Furthermore, the therapy demonstrates promising outcomes in preventing or delaying tumor relapse and exhibits synergistic effects when combined with other treatments during relapses or disease progression. On the other hand, the remarkable success observed with RNA vaccines for COVID-19, delivered in lipid nanoparticles, has revealed the efficacy and effectiveness of these types of vectors, prompting further exploration and their potential application in AML, as well as other neoplasms, loading them with tumor RNA.

Metamonads are a diverse group of heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes adapted to living in hypoxic environments. All metamonads but one harbour metabolically altered ‘mitochondrion-related organelles’ (MROs) with reduced functions, however the degree of reduction varies. Here, we generate high-quality draft genomes, transcriptomes, and predicted proteomes for five recently discovered free-living metamonads. Phylogenomic analyses placed these organisms in a group we name the ‘BaSk’ (Barthelonids+Skoliomonads) clade, a deeply branching sister group to the Fornicata, a phylum that includes parasitic and free-living flagellates. Bioinformatic analyses of gene models shows that these organisms are predicted to have extremely reduced MRO proteomes in comparison to other free-living metamonads. Loss of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly system in some organisms in this group appears to be linked to the acquisition in their common ancestral lineage of a SUF-like minimal system Fe/S cluster pathway by lateral gene transfer. One of the isolates, Skoliomonas litria, appears to have lost all other known MRO pathways. No proteins were confidently assigned to the predicted MRO proteome of this organism suggesting that the organelle has been lost. The extreme mitochondrial reduction observed within this free-living anaerobic protistan clade demonstrates that mitochondrial functions may be completely lost even in free-living organisms.

The present study investigates assertive communication in students pursuing pedagogical careers, assessing levels of assertiveness, indirect assertiveness, and non-assertiveness based on student perceptions, adapting the Multidimensional Assertiveness Scale – EMA. Raw scores were converted to linear T scores for each factor of the EMA Scale following Flores and Díaz's Manual (2004). The study involved 401 students from pedagogical programs at the Faculty of Education, Arts, and Communication at the National University of Loja. It is concluded that, in indirect assertiveness and non-assertiveness, levels in the middle range predominate. However, there is a tendency to have difficulties with assertive communication, particularly concerning the expression of feelings, emotions, and ideas. Consequently, in the assertive profile of students in pedagogical careers, high levels of assertive communication development are not identified, with a trend towards lower levels being highlighted., El presente estudio investiga la comunicación asertiva en estudiantes de las carreras pedagógica, en el cual se evaluó los niveles de asertividad, asertividad indirecta y no asertividad a partir de las percepciones de los estudiantes, adaptando la Escala Multidimensional de Asertividad – EMA. Se realizo la conversión de puntuaciones crudas a puntuaciones T lineales para cada uno de los factores de la Escala EMA del Manual de Flores y Díaz (2004). En el estudio participaron 401 estudiantes de carreras pedagógicas de la Facultad de la Educación, el Arte y la Comunicación de la Universidad Nacional de Loja. Se concluye, que, en la asertividad indirecta y la no asertividad, predominan niveles en el rango medio. Sin embargo, existe la tendencia a tener dificultades para la comunicación asertiva, en lo que respecta a la expresión de sentimientos, emociones e ideas. Por consiguiente, en el perfil asertivo del estudiante de carreras pedagógicas no se identifican niveles altos en el desarrollo de la comunicación asertiva, destacando como tendencia la inclinación hacia niveles bajos.

This article contains details about the study carried out on the physicochemical quality of the 500 mg cephalexin capsules sold in Costa Rica. Cephalexin is a frequently used antibiotic that helps fight infections caused by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and is in great demand because it has little toxicity and a wide therapeutic range, according to different authors. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the quality during its shelf life of cephalexin 500 mg capsules, in terms of the main evaluable physicochemical parameters. The methodology was based on conducting a random sampling at the pharmacy level in the central area of the country and acquiring the necessary number of doses (capsules) from the same batch of each of the brands that were located in said stores, to proceed to submit them. to the main quality tests in the Chemistry Laboratory of the Grecia Campus of the University of Costa Rica laboratory as established in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP 43). The tests were carried out in the Chemistry Laboratory of the Grecia Campus of the University of Costa Rica. The results show that, for the active ingredient test, the cephalexin content in the five brands considered is between 99-103% of labeling; For the dissolution test, the five brands ranged between 110-117% of dissolved active ingredient of the amount declared on the label, and in the uniformity test by weight variation, the results reflect that the acceptance value (AV) obtained ranges between 3 and 12 in the different brands. In conclusion, the compliance of the five contemplated brands was determined in terms of the established USP criteria: for the active ingredient potency test 90-120% of labeling, the dissolution test no dose is less than 85% (Q+ 5%) dissolved, and for the weight variation test the AV ≤ 15., El presente artículo contiene los detalles sobre el estudio realizado a la calidad fisicoquímica en las cápsulas de cefalexina de 500 mg que se comercializan en Costa Rica. La cefalexina es un antibiótico de uso frecuente que permite combatir las infecciones causadas por bacterias gramnegativas, grampositivas, y es de gran demanda debido a que presenta poca toxicidad y un amplio margen terapéutico según señalan distintos autores. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la calidad durante su vida de anaquel, de las cápsulas de cefalexina 500 mg, en cuanto a los principales parámetros fisicoquímicos evaluables. La metodología se basó en realizar un muestreo aleatorio a nivel de farmacias de la zona central del país y adquirir la cantidad de dosis (cápsulas) necesarias de un mismo lote de cada una de las marcas que fueran ubicadas en dichos comercios, para proceder a someterlas a las principales pruebas de calidad en el Laboratorio de Química del Recinto de Grecia de la Universidad de Costa Rica según lo establecido en la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos (USP 43). Los resultados evidencian que, para la prueba de ensayo de principio activo, el contenido de cefalexina en las cinco marcas contempladas está entre 99-103% de lo etiquetado; para la prueba de disolución las cinco marcas oscilaron entre 110-117% de principio activo disuelto de la cantidad declarada en la etiqueta, y en la prueba de uniformidad por variación de peso los resultados reflejan que el valor de aceptación (AV) obtenido oscila entre 3 y 12 en las distintas marcas. En conclusión, se determinó el cumplimiento de las cinco marcas contempladas en cuanto a los criterios USP establecidos: para la prueba de potencia de principio activo 90-120% de lo etiquetado, la prueba de disolución ninguna dosis es menor al 85% (Q+5%) disuelto, y para la prueba de variación de peso el AV ≤ 15.

El trabajo desarrolla una estrategia de estimación no muestral de matriz de coeficientes insumo-producto intrarregionales de escala metropolitana, tomando como caso el Gran Santa Fe. La estrategia metodológica consiste en “regionalizar” la matriz de coeficientes técnicos nacionales. Las fuentes de información utilizadas son la tabla insumo-producto de Argentina de 2018 estimada por la OCDE y datos de empleo recabados por el INDEC. A partir de la estimación, se caracteriza la estructura productiva del GSF en términos de encadenamientos productivos y efectos multiplicadores. El análisis reconstruye el paisaje económico de la región, identificando sus sectores estratégicos, impulsores, clave e independientes

Product innovation is essential for the growth and profitability of SMEs. Existing scientific evidence suggests that firm strategy and participation in business networks could influence this innovation. In turn, participation in networks might influence the configuration and allocation of the organizational resources and capabilities that helpshape firm strategy. Hence, this study analyzes business networks as a mediator variable between firm strategy and product innovation in SMEs. It uses a sample of 205 SMEs from Costa Rica compiled by the Global Competitiveness Project. The proposed mediation is tested using OLS regression equations. The findings show that business networks do indeed play a mediating role in the relationship between firm strategy and product innovation, which has implications for SMEs in terms of the relevance of participating in such networks and also for public policymakers regarding the importance of managing them., A inovação de produtos é essencial para o crescimento e a rentabilidade das pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs). Asevidências sugerem que tanto a estratégia empresarial quanto a participação em redes podem influenciar a inovação de produtos, enquanto a participação em redes também pode influenciar a configuração e a alocação de recursos e capacidades que ajudam a moldar a estratégia. O presente estudo visa analisar as redes empresariais como uma variável mediadora entre estratégia e inovação de produtos nas PMEs. O estudo utiliza uma amostra de 205 PMEs costa-riquenhas, coletada pelo Global Competitiveness Project. A mediação é testada usando um modelo de regressão. Os resultados mostram que as redes desempenham um papel mediador na relação entre a estratégia empresarial e a inovação de produtos. As conclusões têm implicações para as PMEs sobre a relevância da participação em redes que permeiam a estratégia e para os formuladores de políticas sobre a importância de gerenciar tais redes., La innovación de productos es esencial para el crecimiento y rentabilidad de las PyMEs. La evidencia existente sugiere que la estrategia y participación en redes podrían influir en dicha innovación. A su vez, la participación en redes puede influir en la configuración y asignación de recursos ycapacidades que ayudan a configurar la estrategia. En consecuencia, este estudio pretende analizar las redes empresariales como variable mediadora entre estrategia e innovación de productos en pymes. El estudio utiliza una muestra de 205 pymes costarricenses, recopilada por el Proyecto de Competitividad Global. La mediación se comprueba mediante un modelo de regresión. Los resultados muestran que las redes desempeñan un papel mediador en la relación entre estrategia e innovación de productos. Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para las pymes sobre la relevancia de participar en redes que permeen la estrategia y para los responsables depolítica pública sobre la importancia de gestionar dichas redes.

Introduction: Given the complexity and costs involved in measuring body fat percentage in humans, there is a quest to establish new methods for determining this variable. The CUN-BAE equation utilizes simple indicators such as sex and Body Mass Index (BMI) to estimate body fat percentage. The objective was to determine the degree of correlation between the percentage of body fat obtained through the CUN-BAE equation, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) in Chilean adults from the interviewed sample of the National Health Survey (CNHS) 2016-2017.Methodology: 5,583 participants of the CNHS 2016-2017 were included, where specific anthropometric measurements were taken to determine BMI, nutritional status, and WC. In addition, the percentage of fat mass was determined according to the CUN-BAE equation. The correlation between BMI, WC, and CUN-BAE was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r).Results: BMI and percentage of fat mass according to the CUN-BAE equation presented a strong correlation both in men (r=0.924, p<0.0001) and women (r=0.929, p<0.0001). Women presented a higher correlation between CUN-BAE and BMI and WC than men. In the case of the correlation between WC and percentage of body fat mass according to CUN-BAE, a strong correlation was also observed for both men (r=0.817, p<0.0001) and women (r=0.812, p<0.0001).Conclusions: The CUN-BAE equation to determine the percentage of body fat has a strong correlation with respect to BMI and WC. Further studies are required to evaluate the predictive capacity of CUN-BAE for chronic noncommunicable diseases in the Chilean population., Introducción: Dada la complejidad y costos para determinar el porcentaje de grasa corporal en humanos, se busca establecer nuevas fórmulas para determinar esta variable. La ecuación CUN-BAE usa indicadores simples como sexo e índice de masa corporal (IMC) para estimar el porcentaje de grasa corporal. El objetivo fue determinar el grado de correlación entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal, obtenido mediante ecuación CUN-BAE, IMC y circunferencia de cintura (CC) en adultos chilenos pertenecientes a la muestra de los participantes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (ENS) 2016-2017.Metodología: Se incluyeron 5.583 participantes de la ENS 2016-2017, en quienes se obtuvieron medidas antropométricas para determinar IMC, estado nutricional y CC. Se determinó el porcentaje de masa grasa según la ecuación CUN-BAE. La correlación entre IMC, CC y CUN-BAE se analizó mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r).Resultados: El IMC y el porcentaje de masa grasa según ecuación CUN-BAE presentaron una fuerte correlación tanto en hombres (r=0,924, p<0,0001) como en mujeres (r=0,929, p<0,0001). Las mujeres presentaron una correlación más alta entre CUN-BAE e IMC y CC que los hombres. En el caso de la correlación entre CC y porcentaje de masa grasa corporal según CUN-BAE también se logró observar una fuerte correlación tanto para hombres (r=0,817, p<0,0001) como mujeres (r=0,812, p<0,0001).Conclusión: La ecuación CUN-BAE para determinar el porcentaje de grasa corporal presenta una fuerte correlación con respecto a IMC y CC. Se requieren de otras investigaciones que evalúen la capacidad predictora de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de CUN-BAE en población chilena

Objective: To determine whether pre-conception initiation of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy compared to pregnancy ARV initiation is a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes in women more than 18 years old in Belen Hospital in Trujillo (BHT). Material and Methods: This is an analytical observational study performed in a retrospective cohort. Sample size was 168 pregnant women diagnosed with HIV infection and receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, who were divided in two groups: 84 women who started ARV prior to conception and 84 who started ARV after conception. The analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and relative risk (RR) was calculated, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and 5% significance. Results:The rate of adverse neonatal outcomes was 48.8% in women starting ARV after conception and 21.4% in those who started ARV after conception, and this difference was significant (p<0.001). Adverse neonatal outcomes, such as low birthweight (p= 0.015) and being small for gestational age (p= 0.035) were significantly associated with ARV initiation before pregnancy. Conclusion: ARV initiation before pregnancy seems to be associated with adverse neonatal outcomes when compared with ARV initiation during pregnancy, although this may be adjusted for potential confounding factors., Objetivo: determinar si el inicio de tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV) preconcepción es factor de riesgo para resultados adversos neonatales comparado con el inicio de TARV durante la gestación en el tratamiento de VIH en mujeres mayores de 18 años en Hospital Belén de Trujillo (HBT). Materiales y métodos: estudio analítico, observacional de cohorte retrospectiva. El tamaño muestral estuvo conformado por 168 gestantes con diagnóstico de VIH en tratamiento antirretroviral, divididos en dos grupos: 84 gestantes que inician TARV preconcepción y 84 gestantes que inician TARV después de la gestación. El análisis se realizó con la prueba chi cuadrado y el cálculo del riesgo relativo (RR) con intervalos de confianza al 95% y significancia del 5%. Resultados: la frecuencia de resultados adversos neonatales fue 48,8% en mujeres que iniciaron TARV antes de la concepción y 21,4% en las que iniciaron terapia posconcepción, siendo esta diferencia significativa (p<0,001). Resultados neonatales adversos como el peso bajo al nacer (p=0,015) y recién nacido pequeño para la edad gestacional (p=0,035) se asociaron de manera significativa al inicio de TARV antes de la gestación. Conclusiones: el inicio de TARV antes de la gestación pareciera estar asociado con resultados adversos neonatales comparado con el inicio de TARV durante la gestación, aunque requiere ser ajustado por posibles confusores.

Fundamento: los sistemas educativos enfrentan el desafío de utilizar las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones para proveer a sus estudiantes de las herramientas y conocimientos necesarios impuestos en el siglo XXI.Objetivo: diseñar la estructura temática del libro electrónico para la asignatura Informática Básica en las ciencias médicas.Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque cualitativo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Calixto García” en el curso 2022. Se utilizaron métodos de nivel teórico: histórico–lógico, sistémico estructural, modelación e inductivo- deductivo. En el nivel empírico: entrevista y cuestionario para verificar los nexos y relaciones que se ofrecen en los referentes teóricos relacionados con las características que debe poseer un libro de texto como medio de enseñanza en el proceso docente educativo.Resultados: se elaboró el libro electrónico de Informática Básica donde su tuvieron en cuenta los objetivos y desarrollo de habilidades declarados en el programa de la asignatura; contiene cinco temas; está estructurado en portada, índice y capítulos; tiene ejercicios propuestos y ejercicios resueltos, diagramas, animaciones e imágenes, vínculos donde se puede extraer información adicional y precisa, y múltiples documentos bibliográficos.Conclusiones: el libro electrónico para la asignatura Informática Básica fortalece el desarrollo del proceso docente educativo y sirve de base para la formación de habilidades una vez graduado el estudiante. Fue valorado como adecuado acorde a los objetivos del curso, por los expertos consultados., Background: educational systems face the challenge of using information and communications technologies to provide their students with the necessary tools and knowledge imposed in the 21st century.Objective: design the thematic structure of the electronic book for the subject Basic Computing in medical sciences.Methods: a development research with a qualitative approach was carried out at the “Calixto García” Faculty of Medical Sciences in the 2022 academic year. Theoretical level methods were used: historical-logical, structural systemic, modeling and inductive-deductive. At the empirical level: interview and questionnaire to verify the links and relationships offered in the theoretical references related to the characteristics that a textbook should have as a teaching aid for the teaching-learning process.Results: the Basic Computing electronic book was prepared where the objectives and development of skills declared in the subject program were taken into account; it contains five topics; It is structured into a cover, index and chapters; It has proposed exercises and solved exercises, diagrams, animations and images, links where additional and precise information can be extracted, and multiple bibliographic documents.Conclusions: the electronic book for the Basic Computing subject strengthens the development of the educational teaching process and serves as a basis for the formation of skills once the student graduates. It was assessed as adequate according to the objectives of the course, by the experts consulted.

Background: in the last decade, numerous learning experiences have been carried out in nursing using the web as a platform. Its computing-mediated teaching-learning process is a reality regularly available in its institutions.Objective: design a virtual course to support the teaching-learning process of the subject “Basic Computing” for technical training in Nursing.Methods: an action research was carried out at the “Calixto García” Faculty of Medical Sciences in the second semester of 2022. Methods at the theoretical level were applied: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive; and empirical ones, observation and questionnaire to experts.Results: in the design of the virtual course “Basic Computing” for technical training in Nursing, the tools offered by the Moodle platform were used. It includes activities guided by teachers and additional content contextualized to the study plan. The organization of content, resources and interaction, as well as self-assessment and evaluation, were specified.Conclusions: the virtual “Basic computing” course for technical training in nursing was evaluated by specialist criteria for its relevance and affordability for its application in favor of learning., Fundamento: en la última década se han realizado numerosas experiencias de aprendizaje en Enfermería utilizando la web como plataforma. Su proceso enseñanza aprendizaje mediado por el computador es una realidad disponible regularmente en sus instituciones.Objetivo: diseñar un curso virtual como apoyo al proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de la asignatura “Informática Básica” para la formación técnica en Enfermería.Métodos: se realizó una investigación-acción en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Calixto García” en el segundo semestre de 2022. Se aplicaron métodos del nivel teórico: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético e inductivo-deductivo; y empíricos, la observación y cuestionario a expertos.Resultados: en el diseño del curso virtual “Informática Básica” para la formación técnica en Enfermería se aprovecharon las herramientas que ofrece la plataforma Moodle. Incluye actividades orientadas por los profesores y contenidos adicionales contextualizados al plan de estudio. Se precisaron la organización del contenido, los recursos e interacción, así como la autoevaluación y evaluación.Conclusiones: el curso virtual de “Informática Básica” para la formación técnica en enfermería fue valorado por criterios de especialistas por su pertinencia y asequibilidad para su aplicación a favor del aprendizaje.

Este proyecto de Innovación Docente ha tenido como principal objetivo la creación de un videojuego o aventura gráfica de ficción climática para Internet dirigido a jóvenes, con el que se aporta una herramienta atractiva de sensibilización sobre la gravedad del cambio climático a la vez que se proponen formas de adaptación a los distintos escenarios posibles. La aventura gráfica es accesible de forma gratuita y multiplataforma desde el sitio web www.winterbicycle.com, creado específicamente para el proyecto. La aventura gráfica Winter Bicycle nos traslada a una ciudad costera para poder analizar con detalle el impacto del cambio climático en el transcurso de 40 años. La historia de Nicol, principal protagonista, nos permite vivir en primera persona la gravedad de esos impactos, como afectada pero también como responsable de los mismos.

Biological monitoring of planktonic animals is greatly dependent on the deployment of traps. A variety of specialized traps have been designed for surface plankton and vertebrates. However, certain groups, such as planktonic larvae of benthic marine invertebrates remain underrepresented in sampling efforts. Catching them has proven to be more challenging because of their size, swimming ability, location, and abundance. In the present study a successful light trap for sampling American lobster larvae in New Brunswick, Canada, is evaluated on the island of Helgoland (German Bight, North Sea). Our results showed the traps were successful in catching larvae in laboratory experiments but were unable to catch European lobster larvae in the field. Traps deployed in the field were successful in capturing other benthic and pelagic zooplankton predominantly consisting of crustaceans from the orders: Cumacea, Amphipoda, Mysida and Isopoda. The low density of lobster larvae, the island's topography, and their unique photactic response possibly limited the success rate of the light traps. Future research is needed to construct a specialized trap to sample Helgoland's lobster larvae and provide information on the current larval fitness and population numbers.

Scarce research has been performed on the role of power, affectivity, and suppression of emotional expression in the use of dating violence by adolescents and young men. This study aims to analyze a model of the associations between perceived power (control and dominance), affectivity (positive and negative affect), suppression of emotional expression and the frequency of use of male-to female dating violence. Participants in this cross-sectional and correlational study were 786 Spanish students aged between 13 and 25 years (M = 18.80; SD = 2.93) divided in two groups: 13–18 (316 adolescents, M = 15.58; SD = 1.02) and 18–25 (462 young men, M = 20.79; SD = 1.98) with 8 participants not stating their age. Different sequential mediation models confirmed that, only in young men, affectivity (negative and positive affect) and suppression of emotional expression mediate the relationship between power and the use of dating violence. Fostering equal relationships, associating them with positive emotional states, avoiding the frustration derived from low power perception, and providing young men with strategies for appropriately expressing their emotions may help decrease the use of dating violence., This work is supported by a grant awarded to the iR&D project PID2020-116658GB-I00PSI, financed by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033/. This work is supported by a Ph.D development grant financed by the Junta de Castilla y León (Spain) regulated in ORDER EDU/556/2019, of June 5. Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of two advanced hot-processing technologies, Ultrasound-Assisted Compression (USAC) and 3D-printing Semi-solid Extrusion (SSE), to manufacture sustained-release drug delivery systems based on a novel biodegradable aliphatic copolyester. The copolymer was synthesized from ¿-pentadecalactone (PDL), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) and dimethyl succinate (DMS) (monomer ratio PDL/CHDM/DMS 70/30/30) by enzymatic ring opening polymerization and two-step melt polycondensation processes and has a random microstructure, a high molecular weight (107,100 g mol-1) and a relatively low melting point (~65 °C). The antibacterial agent metronidazole (MTZ) was chosen as model drug and binary physical mixtures copolymer:drug were prepared at 90:10 and 70:30 w/w ratios. Thermal analysis studies evidenced that the formulations could be processed below their degradation temperatures. Drug delivery devices with dense and meshed structures were manufactured using USAC and SSE techniques, respectively, with USAC devices exhibiting more reproducible physical properties than the SSE systems. Powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies showed a partial sintering of the copolyester during USAC processing while MTZ remained mostly crystalline. In contrast, the copolymer melted and the drug underwent some amorphization when processed using SSE. In vitro drug release studies in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) showed that, after an initial burst release of metronidazole, USAC and SSE devices exhibited a prolonged and/or sustained drug release over 20 days. The initial burst release was dependent on the manufacturing technique and the drug/polymer ratio, being minimized for SSE devices containing 10 wt% MTZ. The whole drug release profiles fitted well to the Peppas-Sahlin model, being drug diffusion the predominant release mechanism. After the burst release, the sustained release period of USAC and SSE devices containing 10 wt, This work was part of the project RTI2018-095041-BC31 and was supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF A way of making Europe., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Katherine B Snyder,1,2 Chase L Calkins,3 Alena Golubkova,1,2 Tyler Leiva,1,2 Camille Schlegel,1 Catherine J Hunter1,2 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; 2Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA; 3College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USACorrespondence: Catherine J Hunter, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children’s Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA, Email catherine-hunter@ouhsc.eduBackground: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading gastrointestinal cause of death of premature neonates. NEC is associated with prematurity, a hyperinflammatory response, and dysregulation of intestinal barrier function. We hypothesize that patients with NEC will have, and continue to have after recovery, an increased hyperinflammatory intestinal response compared to those patients without NEC.Methods: Neonates with NEC, those that have recovered from NEC, and those without NEC undergoing intestinal resections had specimens collected and snap frozen or generated into enteroids. The enteroids were treated with 100ug/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and subjected to 24 hr of hypoxia together, then compared with untreated controls. Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were evaluated via RT-qPCR and ELISA to measure inflammatory response. ANOVA determined statistical significance (p< 0.05).Results: There was no difference in inflammatory markers in recovered NEC tissue compared to non-NEC tissue on RTqPCR (p=0.701 TNF-α and 0.861 IL-8). However, recovered NEC enteroids demonstrate elevated levels of inflammatory markers after treatment compared to non-NEC enteroids after treatment on RTqPCR (p=0.0485 TNF-α, p=0.0057 IL-8) and ELISA (p=0.0354 TNF-α, p=0.0011 IL-8). Recovered NEC enteroids that underwent treatment demonstrated increased inflammatory markers c

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy may contribute to an excess risk of thrombotic or cardiovascular events. COVID-19 increases the risk of these events, although the risk is relatively limited among outpatients. We sought to determine whether outpatient pregnant women with COVID-19 are at a high risk for cardiovascular or thrombotic events. MATERIALS & METHODS: We analyzed pregnant outpatients with COVID-19 from the multicenter CORONA-VTE-Network registry. The main study outcomes were a composite of adjudicated venous or arterial thrombotic events, and a composite of adjudicated cardiovascular events. Events were assessed 90 days after the COVID-19 diagnosis and reported for non-pregnant women ≤45 years, and for men ≤45 years, as points of reference. RESULTS: Among 6585 outpatients, 169 were pregnant at diagnosis. By 90-day follow-up, two pregnant women during the third trimester had lower extremity venous thrombosis, one deep and one superficial vein thrombosis. The cumulative incidence of thrombotic events was 1.20 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.0 to 2.84 %). Respective rates were 0.47 % (95 % CI: 0.14 % to 0.79 %) among non-pregnant women, and 0.49 % (95 % CI: 0.06 % to 0.91 %) among men ≤45 years. No non-thrombotic cardiovascular events occurred in pregnant women. The rates of cardiovascular events were 0.53 % (95 % CI: 0.18 to 0.87) among non-pregnant women, and 0.68 % (95 % CI: 0.18 to 1.18) in men aged ≤45 years. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombotic and cardiovascular events are rare among outpatients with COVID-19. Although a higher event rate among outpatient pregnant women cannot be excluded, the absolute event rates are low and do not warrant population-wide cardiovascular interventions to optimize outcomes.

This study has explored teachers’ self-reported practices of teaching academic writing in Pakistani universities. The English language based developmental literacy courses in Pakistani undergraduate degrees are offered as part of the curricula rather than through specialized language centers. The three-course progression of developmental English literacy in Pakistani undergraduate curricula aims to develop academic writing proficiency besides effective business communication and technical report writing skills. This study has used generic qualitative research methodology (Caelli et al., 2003; Kahlke, 2014; Kostere & Kostere, 2021), snowball sampling for participant recruitment, and a combination of survey and one-to-one semi structured interviews for data collection. The research data were analyzed by using the socio-cognitive approach (Atkinson, 2002; Kecskes, 2020, 2023; Khatib & Shakouri, 2013) as a theoretical and analytical framework. Findings indicate that the instructors of academic writing strive to meet students’ learning expectations, involve learners in learning decisions, employ collaborative learning pedagogies, engage in collegiality, and peer mentoring, and keep a friendly outlook towards students for the latter’s academic interests. The instructors view formative assessment useful for learning, but they seek its implementation in a stress-free manner, and they want the focus of assessment to move from competition for grades to learning. The instructors ideally want to provide corrective feedback individually to each student, but because of the constraints of time, they can only give collective feedback, and delegate the task of feedback to students via peer-assessments. Many instructors do not use any assessment rubrics, but even those who do, cannot explain how their rubric is helpful in achieving the course learning outcomes. Finally, the study offers some policy recommendations, and suggestions for future research.

En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se abordará una de las problemáticas fundamentales que enfrentan los menores con dislexia: la falta de visibilidad y el desconocimiento de esta dificultad de aprendizaje. Para ello, el objetivo principal del proyecto será desarrollar una propuesta de diseño destinada a aumentar la visibilidad y, por ende, la comprensión de esta dificultad por parte de docentes y estudiantes de educación. Todo ello se hará con la finalidad de promover una mejor atención en las aulas y por lo tanto una escuela más inclusiva. Para alcanzar este propósito, se llevará a cabo una investigación previa y una revisión bibliográfica de diversas fuentes con el fin de comprender ampliamente las implicaciones de la dislexia en el entorno escolar. Se buscará identificar maneras de favorecer el aprendizaje de estos niños, desmontando para ello los mitos existentes y facilitando la disminución de las barreras a las que se enfrentan diariamente. Además, durante el proceso de diseño se implementarán estrategias basadas en la empatía, la accesibilidad y la inclusión, para alcanzar los objetivos marcados., In this undergraduate project, one of the fundamental issues faced by children with dyslexia will be addressed: the lack of visibility and understanding of this learning difficulty. To accomplish this, the main objective of the project will be to develop a design proposal aimed at increasing visibility and, consequently, comprehension of this difficulty among teachers and education students. All of this will be done with the purpose of promoting better attention in classrooms and therefore a more inclusive school. Through prior research and a literature review based on various sources, efforts will be made to have an in-depth understanding of the implications of this disorder in the school environment. Ways to support the learning process of these children will be identified, dismantling the existing myths and facilitating the reduction of the barriers they face daily. Additionally, during the design process, strategies based on empathy, accessibility, and inclusion will be implemented in order to achieve the aims of the project

Virtualization has emerged as a promising technological solution for electrical substations, driven by the convergence of information and operational technologies and the new requirements of cost efficiency and adaptability. Virtualization employs software to emulate hardware-level functionalities by means of an equivalent computing system. However, despite the promising potential that virtualization offers in driving cost efficiencies and enabling operational flexibility, there is a scarcity of techno-economic studies assessing its financial and societal impact. This paper proposes a novel, open-source cost-benefit assessment model based on net present value analysis (NPV) and system dynamics tailored to the case of protection, automation and control systems (PACs) in electrical substations. The model explores the capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operational expenditures (OPEX) of two alternatives: (1) traditional substations based on intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and (2) virtualized PAC functions based on hardware-independent implementations deployed in virtual machines or containers. The economic model is evaluated for a 30-year simulation through comprehensive, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios of virtualization adoption as well as sensitivity analyses of relevant functional cases covering reliability, redundancy, initial costs, and virtualization roll-outs. The findings indicate that virtualization presents a promising technology for substations, leading to reductions in both CAPEX and update costs of approximately 20% and 60%, respectively, compared to traditional substations. Similarly, from a societal perspective, virtualization can offer positive key performance indicators associated with system downtime reductions and savings in power consumption and, consequently, in carbon footprint. However, the technology maturity, roll-out strategy, software licensing, and maintenance schemes can hinder the overall cost savings and affect payback periods

Background The integral model of Palliative Care recognizes the community as essential element in improving quality of life of patients and families. It is necessary to find a formula that allows the community to have a voice. The aim of this scoping review is to identify barriers and facilitators to engage community in PC.Methods Systematic search was conducted in NICE, Cochrane Library, Health Evidence, CINAHL and PubMed database. Keywords: Palliative care, End of life care, community networks, community engagement, public engagement, community participation, social participation, barriers and facilitators.Results Nine hundred seventy-one results were obtained. Search strategy and inclusion criteria yielded 13 studies that were read in detail to identify factors influencing community engagement in palliative care, categorized into: Public health and public engagement; Community attitudes towards palliative care, death and preferences at the end of life; Importance of volunteers in public engagement programs; Compassionate communities.Conclusion Societal awareness must be a facilitated process to catalyse public engagement efforts. National policy initiatives and regional system support provide legitimacy and focus is essential for funding. The first step is to get a sense of what is important to society, bearing in mind cultural differences and to channel those aspects through health care professionals; connecting the most assistential part with community resources. The process and long-term results need to be systematically evaluated.

[SPA] La conciliación de la vida laboral y la vida personal busca facilitar a todos los empleados, independientemente de su género, la posibilidad de equilibrar sus responsabilidades laborales con sus roles familiares y personales. Esto implica poder dedicar tiempo al cuidado de la familia, al desarrollo personal, a la educación, al ocio y al disfrute del tiempo libre, sin descuidar su carrera profesional. Aunque se han implementado avances normativos y medidas para promover la conciliación, encontrar este equilibrio sigue siendo un desafío considerable en la actualidad. Es importante destacar la relevancia de este tema debido a su impacto directo en la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores, así como en los resultados empresariales. Un desequilibrio entre la vida personal y laboral puede desembocar en problemas de salud, tanto físicos como mentales y afectar por tanto a tu vida laboral y personal. [ENG] Work-life balance seeks to facilitate all employees, regardless of gender, the opportunity to balance their work responsibilities with their familial and personal roles. This involves being able to allocate time for family care, personal development, education, leisure, and enjoyment of free time, without neglecting their professional career. Although regulatory advancements and measures have been implemented to promote work-life balance, achieving this equilibrium remains a significant challenge today. It is important to emphasize the relevance of this issue due to its direct impact on the health and wellbeing of workers and organizational outcomes. Imbalance between personal and work life can lead to health problems, both physical and mental, consequently affecting both your professional and personal life.

[EN] This study explored the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using novel biohydrogel composites comprising chitosan, and a photocatalyst consisting in TiO2 P25 decorated with Au and/or Cu mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) to boost its optical and catalytic properties. Low loads of Cu and Au (1 mol%) were incorporated onto TiO2 via a green photodeposition methodology. Characterization techniques confirmed the incorporation of decoration metals as well as improvements in the light absorption properties in the visible light interval (lambda > 390 nm) and electron transfer capability of the semiconductors. Thereafter, Au and/or Cu NP- supported TiO2 were incorporated into chitosan-based physically crosslinked hydrogels revealing significant interactions between chitosan functional groups (hydroxyls, amines and amides) with the NPs to ensure its encapsulation. These materials were evaluated as photocatalysts for the HER using water and methanol mixtures under simulated sunlight and visible light irradiation. Sample CuAuTiO2/ChTPP exhibited a maximum hydrogen generation of 1790 mu mol g(-1) h(-1) under simulated sunlight irradiation, almost 12-folds higher compared with TiO2/ChTPP. Also, the nanocomposites revealed a similar tendency under visible light with a maximum hydrogen production of 590 mu mol g(-1) h(-1) . These results agree with the efficiency of photoinduced charge separation revealed by transient photocurrent and EIS.

Metamonads are a diverse group of heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes adapted to living in hypoxic environments. All metamonads but one harbour metabolically altered ‘mitochondrion-related organelles’ (MROs) with reduced functions, however the degree of reduction varies. Here, we generate high-quality draft genomes, transcriptomes, and predicted proteomes for five recently discovered free-living metamonads. Phylogenomic analyses placed these organisms in a group we name the ‘BaSk’ (Barthelonids+Skoliomonads) clade, a deeply branching sister group to the Fornicata, a phylum that includes parasitic and free-living flagellates. Bioinformatic analyses of gene models shows that these organisms are predicted to have extremely reduced MRO proteomes in comparison to other free-living metamonads. Loss of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly system in some organisms in this group appears to be linked to the acquisition in their common ancestral lineage of a SUF-like minimal system Fe/S cluster pathway by lateral gene transfer. One of the isolates, Skoliomonas litria, appears to have lost all other known MRO pathways. No proteins were confidently assigned to the predicted MRO proteome of this organism suggesting that the organelle has been lost. The extreme mitochondrial reduction observed within this free-living anaerobic protistan clade demonstrates that mitochondrial functions may be completely lost even in free-living organisms.

This paper discusses the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete trough bridges, which make up about 20% of Sweden’s railway bridge inventory. The LCA focuses on environmental impact and considers European Union emission regulations. It uses a 7.20m x 3.10m railway bridge in Rättelöv, Sweden, as a case study, along with a similar structure in Colombia. The study includes embodied carbon calculations, covering materials production, construction, use, and disposal. Approximately 70% of emissions occur during materials production and bridge use, with a focus on STA construction processes. While alternative life- cycle profiles weren’t extensively explored, changes in working actions’ schedules were considered. Additionally, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was conducted, highlighting emissions from materials production, construction, and reconstruction as significant contributors. Recommendations and discussions for the Colombian case were proposed due to limited regional emission data., ISBN for host publication: 9781003483755;Fulltext license: CC BY-NC-ND

This paper discusses the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete trough bridges, which make up about 20% of Sweden’s railway bridge inventory. The LCA focuses on environmental impact and considers European Union emission regulations. It uses a 7.20m x 3.10m railway bridge in Rättelöv, Sweden, as a case study, along with a similar structure in Colombia. The study includes embodied carbon calculations, covering materials production, construction, use, and disposal. Approximately 70% of emissions occur during materials production and bridge use, with a focus on STA construction processes. While alternative life- cycle profiles weren’t extensively explored, changes in working actions’ schedules were considered. Additionally, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was conducted, highlighting emissions from materials production, construction, and reconstruction as significant contributors. Recommendations and discussions for the Colombian case were proposed due to limited regional emission data., ISBN for host publication: 9781003483755;Fulltext license: CC BY-NC-ND

Assessing historical environmental conditions linked to habitat colonization is important for understanding long-term resilience and improving conservation and restoration efforts. Such information is lacking for the seagrass Zostera marina, an important foundation species across cold-temperate coastal areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we reconstructed environmental conditions during the last 14,000 years from sediment cores in two eelgrass (Z. marina) meadows along the Swedish west coast, with the main aims to identify the time frame of seagrass colonization and describe subsequent biogeochemical changes following establishment. Based on vegetation proxies (lipid biomarkers), eelgrass colonization occurred about 2,000 years ago after geomorphological changes that resulted in a shallow, sheltered environment favoring seagrass growth. Seagrass establishment led to up to 20- and 24-fold increases in sedimentary carbon and nitrogen accumulation rates, respectively. This demonstrates the capacity of seagrasses as efficient ecosystem engineers and their role in global change mitigation and adaptation through CO2 removal, and nutrient and sediment retention. By combining regional climate projections and landscape models, we assessed potential climate change effects on seagrass growth, productivity and distribution until 2100. These predictions showed that seagrass meadows are mostly at risk from increased sedimentation and hydrodynamic changes, while the impact from sea level rise alone might be of less importance in the studied area. This study showcases the positive feedback between seagrass colonization and environmental conditions, which holds promise for successful conservation and restoration efforts aimed at supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the provision of several other crucial ecosystem services.

Metamonads are a diverse group of heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes adapted to living in hypoxic environments. All metamonads but one harbour metabolically altered ‘mitochondrion-related organelles’ (MROs) with reduced functions, however the degree of reduction varies. Here, we generate high-quality draft genomes, transcriptomes, and predicted proteomes for five recently discovered free-living metamonads. Phylogenomic analyses placed these organisms in a group we name the ‘BaSk’ (Barthelonids+Skoliomonads) clade, a deeply branching sister group to the Fornicata, a phylum that includes parasitic and free-living flagellates. Bioinformatic analyses of gene models shows that these organisms are predicted to have extremely reduced MRO proteomes in comparison to other free-living metamonads. Loss of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly system in some organisms in this group appears to be linked to the acquisition in their common ancestral lineage of a SUF-like minimal system Fe/S cluster pathway by lateral gene transfer. One of the isolates, Skoliomonas litria, appears to have lost all other known MRO pathways. No proteins were confidently assigned to the predicted MRO proteome of this organism suggesting that the organelle has been lost. The extreme mitochondrial reduction observed within this free-living anaerobic protistan clade demonstrates that mitochondrial functions may be completely lost even in free-living organisms.

The aim of this study is twofold. First, to assess the effect of the sonication process on the optimal dispersion of GO sheets for nanostructural reinforcement of cement pastes, as there is currently no clear criterion on this effect in the literature. For this purpose, in the first stage, the GO content in distilled water was fixed at 0.03% by weight, and the sheets were dispersed using different levels of ultrasonic energy, ranging from 0 J/mL to 2582 J/mL. In the second stage, to analyze the modification of pore structure due to the addition of GO sheets in different ratios (0–0.06% by weight) and its relationship with the mechanical and fracture properties of reinforced cement pastes. According to the results, it has been determined that the incorporation of GO sheets into the matrix alters the mechanical and fracture behavior, varying depending on matrix pore size and GO particle size. The addition of GO leads to a reduction in the average size of macropores (greater than 8 µm) of 13% for a dosage of 0.45% in weight and micropores (between 8 and 0.5 µm) in a 64% for the same composition with non-sonicated GO, although the total volume of pores in these ranges only decreased slightly. This reduction is more pronounced when the GO has not been sonicated and has larger particle size. Sonicated GO primarily modifies the range of capillary pores (<0.5 µm). The addition of GO with the highest degree of dispersion (465 nm) did not show significant improvements in compressive strength or Young’s modulus, as the cement used contains a significant volume of macropores that are not substantially reduced in any composition. Adding 0.030% ultrasonicated GO achieved a 7.8% increase in fracture energy, while an addition of 0.045% resulted in a 13.3% decrease in characteristic length, primarily due to the effect of capillary and micropores.

Located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, the Doñana salt marshes occupy around half of Doñana National Park and are currently considered among the most important wetlands worldwide due to the importance of their ecosystem. In this research work, using a novel patented procedure, the effects of climate change on the study area between 2009 and 2020 were evaluated. For this reason, DEMs were downloaded from the 30-meter Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Furthermore, to check the depth of the flooded area, 792 satellite images (L5 TM, L7 ETM+, and L8 OLI) with a resolution of 30 m were analyzed. The results show how the combined use of geomatic techniques, such as radar, optical, and geographic information system (GIS) data, along with regression models and iterative processes, plays a key role in the prediction and analysis of the flooded area volume in the Doñana salt marshes. Another significant contribution of this work is the development of a new remote sensing index. In conclusion, given that the study area depends on its aquifers’ status, it would be advisable to implement policies aimed at eradicating illegal aquifer extraction, as well as recovery plans to avoid the complete clogging of this salt marsh.

La pandemia por la COVID-19 desencadenó una serie decambiosen losámbitosacadémico, social y económicoacusado por la situaciónde Estado de Alarma. La educación fue uno de los espacios más afectados debido al cierre de las instituciones educativas como medida preventivaen la propagación de la cadena vírica. El tránsito de una educación presencial a una docencia virtual supuso una de las soluciones de emergencia y ello generó una brecha digital que también se convirtió en una brecha de aprendizaje. El propósito de este estudio ha sido analizar las repercusiones de la COVID-19 en las prácticas pedagógicas docentes mediadas por el uso de las tecnologías y sus efectos en los procesos formativos del alumnado y familias de centros educativos de alta complejidad de la provincia de Málaga (España). La metodología fue cualitativa a partir de entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados más significativos apuntan la existencia de absentismo virtual durante el confinamiento, lo que implicódesfases curriculares significativos en buena parte de estudiantes,el incremento de metodologías de corte innovador para favorecer la motivación del alumnado, así comola falta de recursos que garantizasen la igualdad de oportunidadesdesde los parámetros de la educación inclusiva., The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a series of changes in the academic, social and economic spheres due to the situationof the State of Alarm. Education was one of the most affected areas due to the closure of educational institutions as a preventivemeasure in the spread of the viral chain. The transition from face-to-face education to virtual teaching was one of the emergency solutions and this generated a digital divide that also became a learning divide. The purpose of this study was to analyse the repercussions of COVID-19 on teaching practices mediated by the use of technologies and their effects on the educational processes of students and families in highly complex educational centres in the province of Malaga (Spain). The methodology was qualitative, based on in-depth interviews. The most significant results point to the existence of virtual absenteeism during the confinement, which impliedto significant curricular gaps in many students,the increase in innovative methodologies to promote student motivation, as well as the lack of resources to ensure equal opportunities from the parameters of inclusive education.

Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) bridging innate and adaptive immunity, playing an essential role in triggering specific cellular and humoral responses against tumor and infectious antigens. Consequently, various DC-based antitumor therapeutic strategies have been developed, particularly vaccines, and have been intensively investigated specifically in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This hematological malignancy mainly affects the elderly population (those aged over 65), which usually presents a high rate of therapeutic failure and an unfavorable prognosis. In this review, we examine the current state of development and progress of vaccines in AML. The findings evidence the possible administration of DC-based vaccines as an adjuvant treatment in AML following initial therapy. Furthermore, the therapy demonstrates promising outcomes in preventing or delaying tumor relapse and exhibits synergistic effects when combined with other treatments during relapses or disease progression. On the other hand, the remarkable success observed with RNA vaccines for COVID-19, delivered in lipid nanoparticles, has revealed the efficacy and effectiveness of these types of vectors, prompting further exploration and their potential application in AML, as well as other neoplasms, loading them with tumor RNA.

Conjunto de datos (Metadatos, variables químicas (MDA y prolina), isótopos (d13C, d15N y C/N), variables fisiológicas (A, Ca, Ci y GSW) y biomasa aérea) correspondientes a al artículo Morillas et al., 2024. “Consistent geographical gradient of water use efficiency evidences local adaptations to drought across the complete latitudinal distribution of Quercus suber” publicado en la revista Plant Stress. Ver el resumen del artículo para más información.

The article portrays and analyses the availability and prominence of Spanish works in the following five subscription video-on-demand services (SVOD) offered in Spain: Netflix, Prime Video, HBO Max, Disney+ and Apple TV+. The data from the fieldwork, carried out on samples obtained from their catalogues in January 2022 and 2023, shows how many Spanish works are available in said services, what are their main characteristics and which type of prominence these works are given (or not). It is concluded that, although all the catalogues analysed offer Spanish films and series, the amount of works varies greatly between the different services and is mostly constituted by feature films and fiction produced in Spanish. In terms of prominence, Netflix offers more facilities for users to find Spanish films and series, while the rest of the services have ample room for improvement., El artículo retrata y analiza la disponibilidad y la prominencia de la obra española presente en cinco servicios audiovisuales bajo demanda por suscripción (SVOD) ofrecidos en España: Netflix, Prime Video, HBO Max, Disney+ y Apple TV+. Los datos del trabajo de campo, efectuado sobre muestras obtenidas de sus catálogos, en enero de 2022 y 2023, permiten conocer qué cantidad de obra española integra los servicios considerados, cuáles son sus principales características y qué prominencia se da (o no) a esa obra. Se concluye que, si bien todos los catálogos analizados ofrecen obra española, su cantidad es muy variable entre los distintos servicios y está conformada mayoritariamente por largometrajes cinematográficos y obras de ficción producidas en castellano. Respecto a la prominencia, Netflix ofrece más facilidades para que los usuarios lleguen a encontrar películas y series españolas, mientras que el resto de los servicios cuentan con un amplio margen de mejora.

Identificamos y estudiamos analíticamente tres canales clave que configuran cómo la inflación afecta a la desigualdad de la riqueza: i) el canal tradicional de la riqueza (canal de Fisher), a través del cual la inflación redistribuye la riqueza de los prestamistas a los prestatarios; ii) un canal de ingresos, mediante el cual la inflación reduce el valor real de salarios y beneficios sociales que se caractericen por tener cierta rigidez nominal, y iii) un canal de consumo relativo, a través del cual aumentos heterogéneos en el precio de diferentes bienes afectan a las personas de manera diferente según sus cestas de consumo. Cuantificamos estos canales durante el aumento de la inflación de 2021 en España utilizando datos detallados y de alta frecuencia a nivel de cliente de uno de los principales bancos comerciales. La naturaleza inesperada y la percepción temporal del shock inflacionario en este período en particular se ajustan estrechamente a las suposiciones que hay detrás de nuestra descomposición teórica. Los resultados muestran que los canales de riqueza e ingresos son un orden de magnitud mayor que el canal de consumo. En neto, las personas de mediana edad se vieron poco afectadas por la inflación, mientras que las personas mayores fueron las más perjudicadas. Encontramos resultados similares al utilizar encuestas representativas sobre la riqueza, los ingresos y el consumo de los hogares., We identify and study analytically three key channels that shape how inflation affects wealth inequality: (i) the traditional wealth (or Fisher) channel through which inflation redistributes from lenders to borrowers; (ii) an income channel through which inflation reduces the real value of sticky wages and benefits; and (iii) a relative consumption channel through which heterogeneous increases in the prices of different goods affect people differently depending on their consumption baskets. We then quantify these channels during the 2021 inflation surge in Spain using detailed, high-frequency customer-level data from one of the main commercial banks. The unexpected nature of the inflation shock and its perception as temporary in this period in particular closely fit the assumptions behind our theoretical decomposition. Results show that the wealth and income channels are an order of magnitude larger than the consumption channel. Middle-aged individuals were, in net terms, largely unaffected by inflation, while the elderly suffered the most. We find similar results when using representative surveys on households’ wealth, income, and consumption.

Saltmarshes are known for their ability to act as effective sinks of organic carbon (OC) and their protection and restoration could potentially slow down the pace of global warming. However, regional estimates of saltmarsh OC storage are often missing, including for the Nordic region. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed OC storage and accumulation rates in 17 saltmarshes distributed along the Danish coasts and investigated the main drivers of soil OC storage. Danish saltmarshes store a median of 10 kg OC m−2 (interquartile range, IQR: 13.5–7.6) in the top meter and sequester 31.5 g OC m−2 yr−1 (IQR: 41.6–15.7). In a global context, these values are comparatively low. Soils with abundant clay ( > 20%), older and stable saltmarshes in mesohaline settings, and with low proportion of algal organic material showed higher OC densities, stocks, and accumulation rates. Grazing led to significantly higher OC stocks than neighboring ungrazed locations, likely due to trampling modifying soil abiotic conditions (higher erosion-resistance and higher clay content) that slow carbon decay. Scaling up, Danish saltmarsh soils, comprising about 1% of the country's area, have the potential to yearly capture up to 0.1% of Denmark's annual consumption-based CO2 emissions. Our research expands the baseline data needed to advance blue carbon research and management in the Nordic region while highlighting the need for a more comprehensive approach to saltmarsh management that considers the full range of services of these ecosystems and does not only focus on climate benefits.

Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) bridging innate and adaptive immunity, playing an essential role in triggering specific cellular and humoral responses against tumor and infectious antigens. Consequently, various DC-based antitumor therapeutic strategies have been developed, particularly vaccines, and have been intensively investigated specifically in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This hematological malignancy mainly affects the elderly population (those aged over 65), which usually presents a high rate of therapeutic failure and an unfavorable prognosis. In this review, we examine the current state of development and progress of vaccines in AML. The findings evidence the possible administration of DC-based vaccines as an adjuvant treatment in AML following initial therapy. Furthermore, the therapy demonstrates promising outcomes in preventing or delaying tumor relapse and exhibits synergistic effects when combined with other treatments during relapses or disease progression. On the other hand, the remarkable success observed with RNA vaccines for COVID-19, delivered in lipid nanoparticles, has revealed the efficacy and effectiveness of these types of vectors, prompting further exploration and their potential application in AML, as well as other neoplasms, loading them with tumor RNA.

Hitherto, it is essential to ensure sustainable crop production to carry out adequate control of agricultural yields. Remote sensing plays a pivotal role in this context, as it not only enhances the monitoring of crop growth but also optimizes the accuracy of yield predictions. For this reason, in this study has been used remote sensing and GIS techniques to predict red globe variety yield on four field plot trials, carried out on Lambayeque department, (three in Pátapo district and one in Chongoyape district) with drip irrigation in an agricultural area located in the Chacay-Lambayeque Valley at Northern of Peru. To carry out this work, a total of 423 satellite imageries (138 Landsat 8 OLI, 218 Sentinel 2 L2A and 67 Landsat 7 ETM+) were acquired during the study period (from November 1st, 2018 up to December 10th, 2021). During the harvest dates, December and June of each year, the yield data (kg ha−1) per plot were correlated with the dry matter production data (kg ha−1), resulting in a KNN based algorithm capable of predicting yield (r = 0.91; R2 = 0.969; p ≤ 0.05). In order to check the accuracy of red globe grape variety yield estimates, authors analyzed the data collected by satellite imageries and finding that the difference between the predicted and actual yield values was between 0.07 and 6.03%. Results of this study revealed a considerable variation in field productivity, between December (mean value of 10,250 kg/ha) and June (mean value of 8500 kg/ha), as a consequence of the El Niño phenomenon. It was also observed that the relationship between grape yield and the assessed indices (GNDVI, HDMI, and dry matter) exhibited a weak correlation for HDMI, high for GNDVI, and very high for dry matter. In conclusion, it has been demostrated that combining KNN and Correction Algorithm (CA) resulted in more precise yield estimation.

Engineering uses digital elevation models to perform calculations and modeling phenomena, since it allows determining the scale at which they can be used and the quality of the by-products obtained. Two groups of models were evaluated, the digital terrain models (DTMs): Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map (ASTER GDEM), ALOS PALSAR and the DTM generated by the Instituto Geográfico Militar del Ecuador (IGM), and the geopotential models (GMs): EGM96, EGM08 and the GM created by the IGM. For the evaluation, the geometric leveling points and ellipsoidal height raised in one of the IGM projects were used to determine atypical values, calculate the mean square error (RMSE) and define the precision and scale at which the different ones can be used. The heights between the DTMs were compared to know their difference. It was determined that the SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR and IGM DMTs can be used for jobs that require an accuracy of less than 10 meters. The GM EGM08 together with high precision ellipsoidal heights could generate elevation models that can reach an accuracy of 1.25 meters, while the GMs EGM96 and IGM can generate models that achieve an accuracy of 2.5 meters. The ellipsoidal heights of the SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR and IGM DTMs obtained with the EGM 96 and EGM 08 GMs can only be used in jobs that require an accuracy of less than 10 meters., Los trabajos de ingeniería utilizan los modelos digitales de elevación para realizar cálculos y modelar fenómenos, conocer su precisión permite determinar la escala de uso y la calidad de los subproductos que se obtienen. Existen modelos libres que son muy utilizados en la práctica, como es el caso de los modelos digitales del terreno (MDTs): Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map (ASTER GDEM), ALOS PALSAR, el MDT generado por el Instituto Geográfico Militar del Ecuador (IGM) y los modelos geopotenciales (MGs): EGM96, EGM08 y el MG creado por el IGM. Se evaluaron los modelos utilizando los puntos de nivelación geométrica y altura elipsoidal levantados por el IGM. Se determinaron los valores atípicos, se compararon las alturas entre los MDTs para conocer su diferencia, se calculó el error cuadrático medio (RMSE) y se definió la precisión y escala a la que se pueden emplear los diferentes modelos. Se concluyó que los MDTs SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR e IGM pueden utilizarse para trabajos que requieran una precisión inferior a los 10 metros. El MG EGM08 junto con alturas elipsoidales de alta precisión podrían generar modelos de elevación que alcancen una precisión de 1.25 metros, mientras que los MGs EGM96 e IGM pueden generar modelos que alcancen una precisión de 2.5 metros. Las alturas elipsoidales de los MDTs SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR e IGM obtenidos con los MGs EGM 96 y EGM 08 se pueden utilizar si se requiere una precisión inferior a los 10 metros.

Engineering uses digital elevation models to perform calculations and modeling phenomena, since it allows determining the scale at which they can be used and the quality of the by-products obtained. Two groups of models were evaluated, the digital terrain models (DTMs): Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map (ASTER GDEM), ALOS PALSAR and the DTM generated by the Instituto Geográfico Militar del Ecuador (IGM), and the geopotential models (GMs): EGM96, EGM08 and the GM created by the IGM. For the evaluation, the geometric leveling points and ellipsoidal height raised in one of the IGM projects were used to determine atypical values, calculate the mean square error (RMSE) and define the precision and scale at which the different ones can be used. The heights between the DTMs were compared to know their difference. It was determined that the SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR and IGM DMTs can be used for jobs that require an accuracy of less than 10 meters. The GM EGM08 together with high precision ellipsoidal heights could generate elevation models that can reach an accuracy of 1.25 meters, while the GMs EGM96 and IGM can generate models that achieve an accuracy of 2.5 meters. The ellipsoidal heights of the SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR and IGM DTMs obtained with the EGM 96 and EGM 08 GMs can only be used in jobs that require an accuracy of less than 10 meters., Los trabajos de ingeniería utilizan los modelos digitales de elevación para realizar cálculos y modelar fenómenos, conocer su precisión permite determinar la escala de uso y la calidad de los subproductos que se obtienen. Existen modelos libres que son muy utilizados en la práctica, como es el caso de los modelos digitales del terreno (MDTs): Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map (ASTER GDEM), ALOS PALSAR, el MDT generado por el Instituto Geográfico Militar del Ecuador (IGM) y los modelos geopotenciales (MGs): EGM96, EGM08 y el MG creado por el IGM. Se evaluaron los modelos utilizando los puntos de nivelación geométrica y altura elipsoidal levantados por el IGM. Se determinaron los valores atípicos, se compararon las alturas entre los MDTs para conocer su diferencia, se calculó el error cuadrático medio (RMSE) y se definió la precisión y escala a la que se pueden emplear los diferentes modelos. Se concluyó que los MDTs SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR e IGM pueden utilizarse para trabajos que requieran una precisión inferior a los 10 metros. El MG EGM08 junto con alturas elipsoidales de alta precisión podrían generar modelos de elevación que alcancen una precisión de 1.25 metros, mientras que los MGs EGM96 e IGM pueden generar modelos que alcancen una precisión de 2.5 metros. Las alturas elipsoidales de los MDTs SRTM 30, ALOS PALSAR e IGM obtenidos con los MGs EGM 96 y EGM 08 se pueden utilizar si se requiere una precisión inferior a los 10 metros.

233 p. (eng.) 228 p. (eusk.), En la presente tesis doctoral se han desarrollado complejos de iridio(III) para su aplicación como sensores fotoluminiscentes de Ba2+, dentro del contexto de la colaboración NEXT para Ba2+-tagging Las estructuras son complejos organometálicos con ligandos orgánicos.La estrategia seguida en el presente trabajo, se ha basado en la síntesis de los ligandos orgánicos con receptores de aza-crown y con estructuras basadas en la molécula FBI ciclacina y la bipiridina. Estos compuestos orgánicos se han coordinado al Ir(III) para obtener complejos capaces de detectar el Ba2+. Todos los compuestos se han caracterizado y se han medido sus propiedades luminiscentes. Se han conseguido complejos capaces de detectar el Ba2+, con respuesta bicolor y temporal.La inmovilización de este tipo de compuestos se ha optimizado usando complejos fotoluminiscentes modelo. Se han llevado a cabo estudios preliminares para la inmovilización de los complejos seleccionados como detectores de Ba2+.

Background Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is a hereditary progressive myopathy caused by aberrant expression of the transcription factor DUX4 in skeletal muscle. No approved disease-modifying treatments are available for this disorder. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of losmapimod (a small molecule that inhibits p38 alpha MAPK, a regulator of DUX4 expression, and p38 beta MAPK) for the treatment of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Methods We did a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial at 17 neurology centres in Canada, France, Spain, and the USA. We included adults aged 18-65 years with type 1 facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (ie, with loss of repression of DUX4 expression, as ascertained by genotyping), a Ricci clinical severity score of 2-4, and at least one skeletal muscle judged using MRI to be suitable for biopsy. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to either oral losmapimod (15 mg twice a day) or matching placebo for 48 weeks, via an interactive response technology system. The investigator, study staff, participants, sponsor, primary outcome assessors, and study monitor were masked to the treatment allocation until study closure. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to either week 16 or 36 in DUX4driven gene expression in skeletal muscle biopsy samples, as measured by quantitative RT-PCR. The primary efficacy analysis was done in all participants who were randomly assigned and who had available data for assessment, according to the modified intention-to-treat principle. Safety and tolerability were assessed as secondary endpoints. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04003974. The phase 2b trial is complete; an open-label extension is ongoing. Findings Between Aug 27, 2019, and Feb 27, 2020, 80 people were enrolled. 40 were randomly allocated to losmapimod and 40 to placebo. 54 (68%) participants were male and 26 (33%) were female, 70 (88%) were White, and mean age was 4, Funding Agencies|Fulcrum Therapeutics