Search

COVID-19 research has relied heavily on convenience-based samples, which-though often necessary-are susceptible to important sampling biases. We begin with a theoretical overview and introduction to the dynamics that underlie sampling bias. We then empirically examine sampling bias in online COVID-19 surveys and evaluate the degree to which common statistical adjustments for demographic covariates successfully attenuate such bias. This registered study analysed responses to identical questions from three convenience and three largely representative samples (total N = 13,731) collected online in Canada within the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (www.icarestudy.com). We compared samples on 11 behavioural and psychological outcomes (e.g., adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, vaccine intentions) across three time points and employed multiverse-style analyses to examine how 512 combinations of demographic covariates (e.g., sex, age, education, income, ethnicity) impacted sampling discrepancies on these outcomes. Significant discrepancies emerged between samples on 73% of outcomes. Participants in the convenience samples held more positive thoughts towards and engaged in more COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Covariates attenuated sampling differences in only 55% of cases and increased differences in 45%. No covariate performed reliably well. Our results suggest that online convenience samples may display more positive dispositions towards COVID-19 prevention behaviours being studied than would samples drawn using more representative means. Adjusting results for demographic covariates frequently increased rather than decreased bias, suggesting that researchers should be cautious when interpreting adjusted findings. Using multiverse-style analyses as extended sensitivity analyses is recommended.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

Background: Italy was the first European country to be affected by COVID-19. Considering that many countries are currently battling the 2nd wave of the pandemic, understanding people's perceptions and responses to government policies remains critical for informing on-going mitigation strategies. We assessed attitudes towards COVID-19 policies, levels of adherence to preventive behaviours, and the association between COVID-19 related concerns and adherence levels. Methods: We recruited a convenience sample of Italian individuals from an international cross-sectional survey (www.icarestudy.com) from March 27th to May 5th 2020. Multivariate regression models were used to test the association between concerns and the adoption of preventive measures. Results: The survey included 1,332 participants (female (68%), younger than 25 (57%)) that reported high awareness (over 96%) and perceived importance (88%) of policies. We observed varied levels of adherence to: hand washing (96%), avoiding social gatherings (96%), self-isolation if suspected or COVID-19 positive (77%). Significantly lower adherence to self-isolation was reported by individuals with current employment. High levels of concerns regarding health of other individuals and country economy were reported. Only health concerns for others were significantly associated with higher adherence to hand washing behaviour. Conclusions: In order to inform current/future government strategies, we provide insights about population's responses to the initial pandemic phase in Italy. Communication approaches should consider addressing people's concerns regarding the health of other individuals to motivate adherence to prevention measures. Provision of social and economic support is warranted to avoid unequal impacts of governmental policies and allow effective adherence to self-isolating measures. Keywords: COVID-19; cross-sectional study; population concerns; preventive behviours.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

The representations are described as a specific style of knowledge, a specific way of deciphering reality, alluding to common sense thinking, being associated with a personal development that involves cognitive ordering and at the same time finds its beginning, its diffusion and change in the sociocultural context. In the health context given by the COVID 19 pandemic and showing how the greatest strategy used by the different governments of the world, vaccination takes relevance knowledge about representations about vaccination and vaccines. Within the framework of the multicenter study International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) led by Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, a survey was developed with a sample of 3330 Argentine adults, between 18 and 70 years old, composed mainly of university students and professionals. The objective of the research has been to know the representations about vaccines and vaccination. Among the results, the social representations of the participants that show great adherence to vaccination and vaccines stand out, with positive concepts in 8 out of 10 and a clear support for protection measures such as isolation and use of more veneer accompanying inoculation while living with COVID 19., Las representaciones son descriptas como un estilo específico de conocimiento, un modo determinado de descifrar la realidad, aludiendo al pensamiento del sentido común, siendo asociadas a un desarrollo personal que supone una ordenación cognitiva y a la vez halla su inicio, su difusión y cambio en el contexto sociocultural. En el contexto sanitario dado a causa de la pandemia por COVID 19 y mostrando como la mayor estrategia empleada por los diferentes gobiernos del mundo la vacunación toma relevancia el conocimiento sobre las representaciones acerca de la vacunación y las vacunas. En el marco del estudio multicéntrico International COVID 19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study (ICARE) liderado por Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre se desarrolló una encuesta con una muestra 3330 adultos argentinos, de entre 18 y 70 años compuesta mayoritariamente por estudiantes y profesionales universitarios. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido conocer las representaciones acerca de las vacunas y la vacunación. Entre los resultados se destacan las representaciones sociales de los participantes que exhiben una gran adherencia a la vacunación y a las vacunas, con conceptos positivos en 8 de cada de 10 y un claro sostenimiento de las medidas de protección de como aislamiento y uso de más carilla acompañando la inoculación mientras que se conviva con el COVID 19.

L’asthme et l’obésité sont fréquemment associés et l’obésité est considérée comme un facteur impliqué tant dans l’augmentation de la sévérité que dans le développement de l’asthme. Ce document est un compte-rendu des présentations effectuées dans le cadre d’un symposium du Réseau en santé respiratoire du Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec qui a eu lieu à Montréal le 2 novembre 2006, en collaboration avec le McGill University – Strauss Severe Asthma Program, l’Université Laval (Québec) et l’Université de Montréal. Au cours de cette rencontre, divers aspects de la relation entre obésité et asthme ont été abordés, en regard des modèles animaux, des influences génétiques, hormonales et physiologiques, de l’influence des comorbidités (ex : syndrome d’apnée du sommeil), de l’épidémiologie, des aspects cliniques et psychologiques et, enfin, du traitement de l’asthme chez la personne obèse., Asthma and obesity are frequently associated, and obesity has been considered a factor contributing to both an increase in severity of asthma and to its development. The present document summarizes the proceedings of a symposium held in Montreal, Quebec, on November 2, 2006, under the auspices of the Réseau en santé respiratoire du Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec in collaboration with the McGill University - Strauss Severe Asthma Program, Université Laval (Quebec City) and Université de Montréal. It includes an overview of the various aspects of the relationships between asthma and obesity with regard to animal models; genetic, hormonal and physiological determinants; influence of comorbidities (eg, sleep apnea syndrome); epidemiology; clinical and psychological features; and management of asthma in the obese population.

Stéphanie Dumoulin,1 Stéphane Bouchard,2– 4 Claudie Loranger,2,4 Pamela Quintana,2 Véronique Gougeon,5 Kim L Lavoie1,6 1Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; 2Cyberpsychology Lab, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada; 3School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; 4Research Center, Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de l’Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada; 5Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; 6Montreal Behavioral Medicine Center, Research Center, CIUSSS-NIM Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCorrespondence: Stéphane BouchardCyberpsychology Lab, Université du Québec en Outaouais, C.P. 1250, Succ. Hull, 283 Boul. Alexandre-Taché, 2 e Étage, Local C-2500, Gatineau, Quebec J8X 3X7, CanadaTel +1-819-595-3900 #2360Fax +1 819-595-2250Email stephane.bouchard@uqo.caObjective: The aim of this study is to assess whether distraction (lack of attentional focus) and attention (cognitive load) are differentially involved in the analgesic effect of virtual reality (VR) immersions during a cold pressor test (CPT).Methods: Thirty-one participants were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions (high and low cognitive load, attention with or without a reminder of the pain stimuli) and performed three CPTs. Pain was assessed based on the duration of the CPT (pain tolerance), a visual analog rating scale of perceived pain intensity during the CPT and the subjective pain scale of the Short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ).Results: The statistical analyses revealed that VR immersions were associated with less pain compared to the baseline (all p &l

Biagina-Carla Farnesi,1 Francine M Ducharme,2,3 Lucie Blais,4 Johanne Collin,4 Kim L Lavoie,5,6 Simon L Bacon,1,6 Martha L McKinney,7 Sandra Peláez3,8 1Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC Canada; 2Departments of Pediatrics and of Social and Preventive Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada; 3Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada; 4Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada; 5Psychology Department, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada; 6Research Center, Sacré-Cœur de Montréal Hospital, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC Canada; 7CHU Ste-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada; 8School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Purpose: The purpose of this study was to better understand patients’ perspective of asthma self-management by focusing on the sociocultural and medical context shaping patients’ illness representations and individual decisions. Patients and methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out as part of a multicentered collective qualitative case study. In total, 24 patients, aged 2–76 years with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma (or were parents of a child), who renewed the prescription for inhaled corticosteroids in the past year, participated in this study. The thematic analysis focused on asthma-related events and experiences reported by the patients. Consistent with narrative inquiry, similar patterns were grouped together, and three vignettes representing the different realities experienced by the patients were created. Results: The comparison of experiences and events reported by the patients suggested that patients’ perceptions and beliefs reg

Kim L Lavoie,1–3 Gregory Moullec,1,2,4 Catherine Lemiere,2 Lucie Blais,2 Manon Labrecque,2 Marie-France Beauchesne,2 Veronique Pepin,2,4 André Cartier,2 Simon L Bacon1,2,41Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, 2Research Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal – A University of Montreal Affiliated Hospital, Montréal, 3Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Succursale Center-Ville, Montreal, 4Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaPurpose: Daily adherence to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) regimens is one of the most important factors linked to achieving optimal asthma control. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered communication style that focuses on enhancing intrinsic motivation to engage in appropriate self-management behaviors. MI has been shown to improve a variety of health behaviors including medication adherence in other disorders, but its efficacy for the improvement of ICS adherence in asthmatics has yet to be examined. This pilot “proof of concept” trial assessed the feasibility of MI to improve daily ICS adherence and asthma control levels in adult asthmatics.Methods: Fifty-four poorly controlled (Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ] score ≥1.5), highly nonadherent (filled <50% of ICS medication in the last year) adult asthmatics were recruited from the outpatient asthma clinic of a university-affiliated hospital. Participants underwent baseline assessments and were randomly assigned to MI (3×30 minutes sessions within a 6-week period, n=26) or a usual care (UC) control group (n=28). ICS adherence (% pharmacy refills) and asthma control (ACQ, Asthma Control Test [ACT]) were measured at 6 and 12 months postintervention. Mixed model repeated measure analyses for both intent-to-treat and per-protocol were used. Results were adjust

L’asthme et l’obésité sont fréquemment associés et l’obésité est considérée comme un facteur impliqué tant dans l’augmentation de la sévérité que dans le développement de l’asthme. Ce document est un compte-rendu des présentations effectuées dans le cadre d’un symposium du Réseau en santé respiratoire du Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec qui a eu lieu à Montréal le 2 novembre 2006, en collaboration avec le McGill University – Strauss Severe Asthma Program, l’Université Laval (Québec) et l’Université de Montréal. Au cours de cette rencontre, divers aspects de la relation entre obésité et asthme ont été abordés, en regard des modèles animaux, des influences génétiques, hormonales et physiologiques, de l’influence des comorbidités (ex : syndrome d’apnée du sommeil), de l’épidémiologie, des aspects cliniques et psychologiques et, enfin, du traitement de l’asthme chez la personne obèse., Asthma and obesity are frequently associated, and obesity has been considered a factor contributing to both an increase in severity of asthma and to its development. The present document summarizes the proceedings of a symposium held in Montreal, Quebec, on November 2, 2006, under the auspices of the Réseau en santé respiratoire du Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec in collaboration with the McGill University - Strauss Severe Asthma Program, Université Laval (Quebec City) and Université de Montréal. It includes an overview of the various aspects of the relationships between asthma and obesity with regard to animal models; genetic, hormonal and physiological determinants; influence of comorbidities (eg, sleep apnea syndrome); epidemiology; clinical and psychological features; and management of asthma in the obese population.