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1. Microstructural evolution of a modified HP alloy: experimental and complementary computational study

Author

Simonetti, Sandra, Lanz, C., Brizuela, G., Juan, A., Simonetti, Sandra, Lanz, C., Brizuela, G., and Juan, A.

Abstract

In this work is presented results of the microstructural characterization of austenitic stainless steel (HP series) modified with Nb, aged at temperatures of 750, 800, 850, 900 and 950oC in air at different times. Microstructural changes were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with (EDS), x-ray diffraction and Vickers hardness. In the as-cast condition, the microstructure consists of an austenitic matrix and eutectic carbides network, Cr, Nb-rich carbides. The Cr-rich carbides are M7C3 type, whereas, those rich in Nb are NbC. During aging, there is a second precipitation in the matrix of very fine needle form of M23C6 carbides, which leads to an increase in hardness. After that, the decreasing in hardness is associated with a coalescence phenomenon of the secondary precipitates. Computational modeling shows that M23C6 is lesser stable than M7C3 carbide.

Published
2017

2. 1,135 Genomes Reveal the Global Pattern of Polymorphism in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alonso-Blanco, Carlos, Andrade, J., Becker, C., Bemm, F., Bergelson, J., Borgwardt, K. M., Cao, J., Chae, E., Dezwaan, T. M., Ding, W., Ecker, Joseph R., Exposito-Alonso, Moises, Farlow, A., Fitz, J., Gan, X. C., Grimm, D. G., Hancock, A. M., Henz, S. R., Holm, S., Horton, M., Jarsulic, M., Kerstetter, R. A., Korte, A., Korte, P., Lanz, C., Lee, C. R., Meng, D. Z., Michael, T. P., Mott, R., Muliyati, N.W., Nagele, T., Nagler, M., Nizhynska, V., Nordborg, M., Novikova, P. Y., Picó, F. Xavier, Platzer, A., Rabanal, F. A., Rodríguez, A., Rowan, B. A., Salome, P. A., Schmid, K. J., Schmitz, R. J., Seren, U., Sperone, F. G., Sudkamp, M., Svardal, H., Tanzer, M. M., Todd, D., Volchenboum, S. L., Wang, C. M., Wang, G., Wang, X., Weckwerth, W., Weigel, D., Zhou, X. F., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Alonso-Blanco, Carlos, Andrade, J., Becker, C., Bemm, F., Bergelson, J., Borgwardt, K. M., Cao, J., Chae, E., Dezwaan, T. M., Ding, W., Ecker, Joseph R., Exposito-Alonso, Moises, Farlow, A., Fitz, J., Gan, X. C., Grimm, D. G., Hancock, A. M., Henz, S. R., Holm, S., Horton, M., Jarsulic, M., Kerstetter, R. A., Korte, A., Korte, P., Lanz, C., Lee, C. R., Meng, D. Z., Michael, T. P., Mott, R., Muliyati, N.W., Nagele, T., Nagler, M., Nizhynska, V., Nordborg, M., Novikova, P. Y., Picó, F. Xavier, Platzer, A., Rabanal, F. A., Rodríguez, A., Rowan, B. A., Salome, P. A., Schmid, K. J., Schmitz, R. J., Seren, U., Sperone, F. G., Sudkamp, M., Svardal, H., Tanzer, M. M., Todd, D., Volchenboum, S. L., Wang, C. M., Wang, G., Wang, X., Weckwerth, W., Weigel, D., and Zhou, X. F.

Abstract

Arabidopsis thaliana serves as a model organism for the study of fundamental physiological, cellular, and molecular processes. It has also greatly advanced our understanding of intraspecific genome variation. We present a detailed map of variation in 1,135 high-quality re-sequenced natural inbred lines representing the native Eurasian and North African range and recently colonized North America. We identify relict populations that continue to inhabit ancestral habitats, primarily in the Iberian Peninsula. They have mixed with a lineage that has spread to northern latitudes from an unknown glacial refugium and is now found in a much broader spectrum of habitats. Insights into the history of the species and the fine-scale distribution of genetic diversity provide the basis for full exploitation of A. thaliana natural variation through integration of genomes and epigenomes with molecular and non-molecular phenotypes.

Published
2016

4. Swine IFITM proteins potently inhibit influenza A virus replication

Author

Lanz, C, Yangüez, E, Andenmatten, D, Stertz, S; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9491-2892, Lanz, C, Yangüez, E, Andenmatten, D, and Stertz, S; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9491-2892

Abstract

Human IFITMs were identified as restriction factors of influenza A virus (IAV). Given the important role of pigs in the zoonotic cycle of IAV we cloned swine IFITMs (swIFITM) and found two IFITM1-like proteins, one homologue of IFITM2 and one of IFITM3. We show that swIFITM2 and swIFITM3 localize to endosomes and display potent antiviral activity. Knockdown of swIFITMs strongly reduced virus inhibition by interferon establishing the swIFITMs as potent restriction factors in porcine cells.

Published
2015

5. CHOLINE TRANSPORTER-LIKE1 is required for sieve plate development to mediate long-distance cell-to-cell communication

Author

Dettmer, J, Ursache, R, Campilho, A, Miyashima, S, Belevich, I, O'Regan, S, Mullendore, D, Yadav, S, Lanz, C, Beverina, L, Papagni, A, Schneeberger, K, Weigel, D, Stierhof, Y, Moritz, T, Knoblauch, M, Jokitalo, E, Helariutta, Y, Helariutta, Y., BEVERINA, LUCA, PAPAGNI, ANTONIO, Dettmer, J, Ursache, R, Campilho, A, Miyashima, S, Belevich, I, O'Regan, S, Mullendore, D, Yadav, S, Lanz, C, Beverina, L, Papagni, A, Schneeberger, K, Weigel, D, Stierhof, Y, Moritz, T, Knoblauch, M, Jokitalo, E, Helariutta, Y, Helariutta, Y., BEVERINA, LUCA, and PAPAGNI, ANTONIO

Abstract

Phloem, a plant tissue responsible for long-distance molecular transport, harbours specific junctions, sieve areas, between the conducting cells. To date, little is known about the molecular framework related to the biogenesis of these sieve areas. Here we identify mutations at the CHER1/AtCTL1 locus of Arabidopsis thaliana. The mutations cause several phenotypic abnormalities, including reduced pore density and altered pore structure in the sieve areas associated with impaired phloem function. CHER1 encodes a member of a poorly characterized choline transporter-like protein family in plants and animals. We show that CHER1 facilitates choline transport, localizes to the trans-Golgi network, and during cytokinesis is associated with the phragmoplast. Consistent with its function in the elaboration of the sieve areas, CHER1 has a sustained, polar localization in the forming sieve plates. Our results indicate that the regulation of choline levels is crucial for phloem development and conductivity in plants. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

6. The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.

Author

Howe, K., Clark, M.D., Torroja, C.F., Torrance, J., Berthelot, C., Muffato, M., Collins, J.E., Humphray, S., McLaren, K., Matthews, L., McLaren, S., Sealy, I., Caccamo, M., Churcher, C., Scott, C., Barrett, J.C., Koch, R., Rauch, G.J., White, S., Chow, W., Kilian, B., Quintais, L.T., Guerra-Assuncao, J.A., Zhou, Y., Gu, Y., Yen, J., Vogel, J.H., Eyre, T., Redmond, S., Banerjee, R., Chi, J., Fu, B., Langley, E., Maguire, S.F., Laird, G.K., Lloyd, D., Kenyon, E., Donaldson, S., Sehra, H., Almeida-King, J., Loveland, J., Trevanion, S., Jones, M., Quail, M., Willey, D., Hunt, A., Burton, J., Sims, S., McLay, K., Plumb, B., Davis, J., Clee, C., Oliver, K., Clark, R., Riddle, C., Elliot, D., Threadgold, G., Harden, G., Ware, D., Mortimore, B., Kerry, G., Heath, P., Phillimore, B., Tracey, A., Corby, N., Dunn, M., Johnson, C., Wood, J., Clark, S., Pelan, S., Griffiths, G., Smith, M., Glithero, R., Howden, P., Barker, N., Stevens, C., Harley, J., Holt, K., Panagiotidis, G., Lovell, J., Beasley, H., Henderson, C., Gordon, D., Auger, K., Wright, D., Collins, J., Raisen, C., Dyer, L., Leung, K., Robertson, L., Ambridge, K., Leongamornlert, D., McGuire, S., Gilderthorp, R., Griffiths, C., Manthravadi, D., Nichol, S., Barker, G., Whitehead, S., Kay, M., Brown, J., Murnane, C., Gray, E., Humphries, M., Sycamore, N., Barker, D., Saunders, D., Wallis, J., Babbage, A., Hammond, S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M., Barr, L., Martin, S., Wray, P., Ellington, A., Matthews, N., Ellwood, M., Woodmansey, R., Clark, G., Cooper, J., Tromans, A., Grafham, D., Skuce, C., Pandian, R., Andrews, R., Harrison, E., Kimberley, A., Garnett, J., Fosker, N., Hall, R., Garner, P., Kelly, D., Bird, C., Palmer, S., Gehring, I., Berger, A., Dooley, C.M., Ersan-Urun, Z., Eser, C., Geiger, H., Geisler, M., Karotki, L., Kirn, A., Konantz, J., Konantz, M., Oberlander, M., Rudolph-Geiger, S., Teucke, M., Osoegawa, K., Zhu, B., rapp, A., Widaa, S., Langford, C., Yang, F., Carter, N.P., Harrow, J., Ning, Z., Herrero, J., Searle, S.M., Enright, A., Geisler, R., Plasterk, R.H.A., Lee, C., Westerfield, M., de Jong, P.J., Zon, L.I., Postlethwait, J.H., Nusslein-Volhard, C., Hubbard, T.J., Roest Crollius, H., Rogers, J., Stemple, D.L., Begum, S., Lloyd, C., Lanz, C., Raddatz, G., Schuster, S.C., Howe, K., Clark, M.D., Torroja, C.F., Torrance, J., Berthelot, C., Muffato, M., Collins, J.E., Humphray, S., McLaren, K., Matthews, L., McLaren, S., Sealy, I., Caccamo, M., Churcher, C., Scott, C., Barrett, J.C., Koch, R., Rauch, G.J., White, S., Chow, W., Kilian, B., Quintais, L.T., Guerra-Assuncao, J.A., Zhou, Y., Gu, Y., Yen, J., Vogel, J.H., Eyre, T., Redmond, S., Banerjee, R., Chi, J., Fu, B., Langley, E., Maguire, S.F., Laird, G.K., Lloyd, D., Kenyon, E., Donaldson, S., Sehra, H., Almeida-King, J., Loveland, J., Trevanion, S., Jones, M., Quail, M., Willey, D., Hunt, A., Burton, J., Sims, S., McLay, K., Plumb, B., Davis, J., Clee, C., Oliver, K., Clark, R., Riddle, C., Elliot, D., Threadgold, G., Harden, G., Ware, D., Mortimore, B., Kerry, G., Heath, P., Phillimore, B., Tracey, A., Corby, N., Dunn, M., Johnson, C., Wood, J., Clark, S., Pelan, S., Griffiths, G., Smith, M., Glithero, R., Howden, P., Barker, N., Stevens, C., Harley, J., Holt, K., Panagiotidis, G., Lovell, J., Beasley, H., Henderson, C., Gordon, D., Auger, K., Wright, D., Collins, J., Raisen, C., Dyer, L., Leung, K., Robertson, L., Ambridge, K., Leongamornlert, D., McGuire, S., Gilderthorp, R., Griffiths, C., Manthravadi, D., Nichol, S., Barker, G., Whitehead, S., Kay, M., Brown, J., Murnane, C., Gray, E., Humphries, M., Sycamore, N., Barker, D., Saunders, D., Wallis, J., Babbage, A., Hammond, S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M., Barr, L., Martin, S., Wray, P., Ellington, A., Matthews, N., Ellwood, M., Woodmansey, R., Clark, G., Cooper, J., Tromans, A., Grafham, D., Skuce, C., Pandian, R., Andrews, R., Harrison, E., Kimberley, A., Garnett, J., Fosker, N., Hall, R., Garner, P., Kelly, D., Bird, C., Palmer, S., Gehring, I., Berger, A., Dooley, C.M., Ersan-Urun, Z., Eser, C., Geiger, H., Geisler, M., Karotki, L., Kirn, A., Konantz, J., Konantz, M., Oberlander, M., Rudolph-Geiger, S., Teucke, M., Osoegawa, K., Zhu, B., rapp, A., Widaa, S., Langford, C., Yang, F., Carter, N.P., Harrow, J., Ning, Z., Herrero, J., Searle, S.M., Enright, A., Geisler, R., Plasterk, R.H.A., Lee, C., Westerfield, M., de Jong, P.J., Zon, L.I., Postlethwait, J.H., Nusslein-Volhard, C., Hubbard, T.J., Roest Crollius, H., Rogers, J., Stemple, D.L., Begum, S., Lloyd, C., Lanz, C., Raddatz, G., and Schuster, S.C.

Abstract

Zebrafish have become a popular organism for the study of vertebrate gene function. The virtually transparent embryos of this species, and the ability to accelerate genetic studies by gene knockdown or overexpression, have led to the widespread use of zebrafish in the detailed investigation of vertebrate gene function and increasingly, the study of human genetic disease. However, for effective modelling of human genetic disease it is important to understand the extent to which zebrafish genes and gene structures are related to orthologous human genes. To examine this, we generated a high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome, made up of an overlapping set of completely sequenced large-insert clones that were ordered and oriented using a high-resolution high-density meiotic map. Detailed automatic and manual annotation provides evidence of more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, the largest gene set of any vertebrate so far sequenced. Comparison to the human reference genome shows that approximately 70% of human genes have at least one obvious zebrafish orthologue. In addition, the high quality of this genome assembly provides a clearer understanding of key genomic features such as a unique repeat content, a scarcity of pseudogenes, an enrichment of zebrafish-specific genes on chromosome 4 and chromosomal regions that influence sex determination., Zebrafish have become a popular organism for the study of vertebrate gene function. The virtually transparent embryos of this species, and the ability to accelerate genetic studies by gene knockdown or overexpression, have led to the widespread use of zebrafish in the detailed investigation of vertebrate gene function and increasingly, the study of human genetic disease. However, for effective modelling of human genetic disease it is important to understand the extent to which zebrafish genes and gene structures are related to orthologous human genes. To examine this, we generated a high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome, made up of an overlapping set of completely sequenced large-insert clones that were ordered and oriented using a high-resolution high-density meiotic map. Detailed automatic and manual annotation provides evidence of more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, the largest gene set of any vertebrate so far sequenced. Comparison to the human reference genome shows that approximately 70% of human genes have at least one obvious zebrafish orthologue. In addition, the high quality of this genome assembly provides a clearer understanding of key genomic features such as a unique repeat content, a scarcity of pseudogenes, an enrichment of zebrafish-specific genes on chromosome 4 and chromosomal regions that influence sex determination.

Published
2013

7. The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.

Author

Howe, K., Clark, M.D., Torroja, C.F., Torrance, J., Berthelot, C., Muffato, M., Collins, J.E., Humphray, S., McLaren, K., Matthews, L., McLaren, S., Sealy, I., Caccamo, M., Churcher, C., Scott, C., Barrett, J.C., Koch, R., Rauch, G.J., White, S., Chow, W., Kilian, B., Quintais, L.T., Guerra-Assuncao, J.A., Zhou, Y., Gu, Y., Yen, J., Vogel, J.H., Eyre, T., Redmond, S., Banerjee, R., Chi, J., Fu, B., Langley, E., Maguire, S.F., Laird, G.K., Lloyd, D., Kenyon, E., Donaldson, S., Sehra, H., Almeida-King, J., Loveland, J., Trevanion, S., Jones, M., Quail, M., Willey, D., Hunt, A., Burton, J., Sims, S., McLay, K., Plumb, B., Davis, J., Clee, C., Oliver, K., Clark, R., Riddle, C., Elliot, D., Threadgold, G., Harden, G., Ware, D., Mortimore, B., Kerry, G., Heath, P., Phillimore, B., Tracey, A., Corby, N., Dunn, M., Johnson, C., Wood, J., Clark, S., Pelan, S., Griffiths, G., Smith, M., Glithero, R., Howden, P., Barker, N., Stevens, C., Harley, J., Holt, K., Panagiotidis, G., Lovell, J., Beasley, H., Henderson, C., Gordon, D., Auger, K., Wright, D., Collins, J., Raisen, C., Dyer, L., Leung, K., Robertson, L., Ambridge, K., Leongamornlert, D., McGuire, S., Gilderthorp, R., Griffiths, C., Manthravadi, D., Nichol, S., Barker, G., Whitehead, S., Kay, M., Brown, J., Murnane, C., Gray, E., Humphries, M., Sycamore, N., Barker, D., Saunders, D., Wallis, J., Babbage, A., Hammond, S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M., Barr, L., Martin, S., Wray, P., Ellington, A., Matthews, N., Ellwood, M., Woodmansey, R., Clark, G., Cooper, J., Tromans, A., Grafham, D., Skuce, C., Pandian, R., Andrews, R., Harrison, E., Kimberley, A., Garnett, J., Fosker, N., Hall, R., Garner, P., Kelly, D., Bird, C., Palmer, S., Gehring, I., Berger, A., Dooley, C.M., Ersan-Urun, Z., Eser, C., Geiger, H., Geisler, M., Karotki, L., Kirn, A., Konantz, J., Konantz, M., Oberlander, M., Rudolph-Geiger, S., Teucke, M., Osoegawa, K., Zhu, B., rapp, A., Widaa, S., Langford, C., Yang, F., Carter, N.P., Harrow, J., Ning, Z., Herrero, J., Searle, S.M., Enright, A., Geisler, R., Plasterk, R.H.A., Lee, C., Westerfield, M., de Jong, P.J., Zon, L.I., Postlethwait, J.H., Nusslein-Volhard, C., Hubbard, T.J., Roest Crollius, H., Rogers, J., Stemple, D.L., Begum, S., Lloyd, C., Lanz, C., Raddatz, G., Schuster, S.C., Howe, K., Clark, M.D., Torroja, C.F., Torrance, J., Berthelot, C., Muffato, M., Collins, J.E., Humphray, S., McLaren, K., Matthews, L., McLaren, S., Sealy, I., Caccamo, M., Churcher, C., Scott, C., Barrett, J.C., Koch, R., Rauch, G.J., White, S., Chow, W., Kilian, B., Quintais, L.T., Guerra-Assuncao, J.A., Zhou, Y., Gu, Y., Yen, J., Vogel, J.H., Eyre, T., Redmond, S., Banerjee, R., Chi, J., Fu, B., Langley, E., Maguire, S.F., Laird, G.K., Lloyd, D., Kenyon, E., Donaldson, S., Sehra, H., Almeida-King, J., Loveland, J., Trevanion, S., Jones, M., Quail, M., Willey, D., Hunt, A., Burton, J., Sims, S., McLay, K., Plumb, B., Davis, J., Clee, C., Oliver, K., Clark, R., Riddle, C., Elliot, D., Threadgold, G., Harden, G., Ware, D., Mortimore, B., Kerry, G., Heath, P., Phillimore, B., Tracey, A., Corby, N., Dunn, M., Johnson, C., Wood, J., Clark, S., Pelan, S., Griffiths, G., Smith, M., Glithero, R., Howden, P., Barker, N., Stevens, C., Harley, J., Holt, K., Panagiotidis, G., Lovell, J., Beasley, H., Henderson, C., Gordon, D., Auger, K., Wright, D., Collins, J., Raisen, C., Dyer, L., Leung, K., Robertson, L., Ambridge, K., Leongamornlert, D., McGuire, S., Gilderthorp, R., Griffiths, C., Manthravadi, D., Nichol, S., Barker, G., Whitehead, S., Kay, M., Brown, J., Murnane, C., Gray, E., Humphries, M., Sycamore, N., Barker, D., Saunders, D., Wallis, J., Babbage, A., Hammond, S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi, M., Barr, L., Martin, S., Wray, P., Ellington, A., Matthews, N., Ellwood, M., Woodmansey, R., Clark, G., Cooper, J., Tromans, A., Grafham, D., Skuce, C., Pandian, R., Andrews, R., Harrison, E., Kimberley, A., Garnett, J., Fosker, N., Hall, R., Garner, P., Kelly, D., Bird, C., Palmer, S., Gehring, I., Berger, A., Dooley, C.M., Ersan-Urun, Z., Eser, C., Geiger, H., Geisler, M., Karotki, L., Kirn, A., Konantz, J., Konantz, M., Oberlander, M., Rudolph-Geiger, S., Teucke, M., Osoegawa, K., Zhu, B., rapp, A., Widaa, S., Langford, C., Yang, F., Carter, N.P., Harrow, J., Ning, Z., Herrero, J., Searle, S.M., Enright, A., Geisler, R., Plasterk, R.H.A., Lee, C., Westerfield, M., de Jong, P.J., Zon, L.I., Postlethwait, J.H., Nusslein-Volhard, C., Hubbard, T.J., Roest Crollius, H., Rogers, J., Stemple, D.L., Begum, S., Lloyd, C., Lanz, C., Raddatz, G., and Schuster, S.C.

Abstract

Zebrafish have become a popular organism for the study of vertebrate gene function. The virtually transparent embryos of this species, and the ability to accelerate genetic studies by gene knockdown or overexpression, have led to the widespread use of zebrafish in the detailed investigation of vertebrate gene function and increasingly, the study of human genetic disease. However, for effective modelling of human genetic disease it is important to understand the extent to which zebrafish genes and gene structures are related to orthologous human genes. To examine this, we generated a high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome, made up of an overlapping set of completely sequenced large-insert clones that were ordered and oriented using a high-resolution high-density meiotic map. Detailed automatic and manual annotation provides evidence of more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, the largest gene set of any vertebrate so far sequenced. Comparison to the human reference genome shows that approximately 70% of human genes have at least one obvious zebrafish orthologue. In addition, the high quality of this genome assembly provides a clearer understanding of key genomic features such as a unique repeat content, a scarcity of pseudogenes, an enrichment of zebrafish-specific genes on chromosome 4 and chromosomal regions that influence sex determination., Zebrafish have become a popular organism for the study of vertebrate gene function. The virtually transparent embryos of this species, and the ability to accelerate genetic studies by gene knockdown or overexpression, have led to the widespread use of zebrafish in the detailed investigation of vertebrate gene function and increasingly, the study of human genetic disease. However, for effective modelling of human genetic disease it is important to understand the extent to which zebrafish genes and gene structures are related to orthologous human genes. To examine this, we generated a high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome, made up of an overlapping set of completely sequenced large-insert clones that were ordered and oriented using a high-resolution high-density meiotic map. Detailed automatic and manual annotation provides evidence of more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, the largest gene set of any vertebrate so far sequenced. Comparison to the human reference genome shows that approximately 70% of human genes have at least one obvious zebrafish orthologue. In addition, the high quality of this genome assembly provides a clearer understanding of key genomic features such as a unique repeat content, a scarcity of pseudogenes, an enrichment of zebrafish-specific genes on chromosome 4 and chromosomal regions that influence sex determination.

Published
2013

8. The Complete Genome Sequence of Thermoproteus tenax: A Physiologically Versatile Member of the Crenarchaeota

Author

Siebers, B., Zaparty, M., Raddatz, G., Tjaden, B., Albers, S.V., Bell, S.D., Blombach, F., Kletzin, A., Kyrpides, N., Lanz, C., Plagens, A., Rampp, M., Rosinus, A., von Jan, M., Makarova, K.S., Klenk, H.P., Schuster, S.C., Hensel, R., Siebers, B., Zaparty, M., Raddatz, G., Tjaden, B., Albers, S.V., Bell, S.D., Blombach, F., Kletzin, A., Kyrpides, N., Lanz, C., Plagens, A., Rampp, M., Rosinus, A., von Jan, M., Makarova, K.S., Klenk, H.P., Schuster, S.C., and Hensel, R.

Abstract

Here, we report on the complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeum Thermoproteus tenax (strain Kra 1, DSM 2078(T)) a type strain of the crenarchaeotal order Thermoproteales. Its circular 1.84-megabase genome harbors no extrachromosomal elements and 2,051 open reading frames are identified, covering 90.6% of the complete sequence, which represents a high coding density. Derived from the gene content, T. tenax is a representative member of the Crenarchaeota. The organism is strictly anaerobic and sulfur-dependent with optimal growth at 86 degrees C and pH 5.6. One particular feature is the great metabolic versatility, which is not accompanied by a distinct increase of genome size or information density as compared to other Crenarchaeota. T. tenax is able to grow chemolithoautotrophically (CO(2)/H(2)) as well as chemoorganoheterotrophically in presence of various organic substrates. All pathways for synthesizing the 20 proteinogenic amino acids are present. In addition, two presumably complete gene sets for NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) were identified in the genome and there is evidence that either NADH or reduced ferredoxin might serve as electron donor. Beside the typical archaeal A(0)A(1)-ATP synthase, a membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is found, which might contribute to energy conservation. Surprisingly, all genes required for dissimilatory sulfate reduction are present, which is confirmed by growth experiments. Mentionable is furthermore, the presence of two proteins (ParA family ATPase, actin-like protein) that might be involved in cell division in Thermoproteales, where the ESCRT system is absent, and of genes involved in genetic competence (DprA, ComF) that is so far unique within Archaea.

Published
2011

9. Concise review: isolation and characterization of cells from human term placenta: outcome of the first international Workshop on Placenta Derived Stem Cells

Author

Parolini, Ornella, Alviano, Francesco, Bagnara, Gian Paolo, Bilic, Grozdana, Bühring, Hans Jörg, Evangelista, Marco, Hennerbichler, Simone, Liu, Bing, Magatti, Marta, Mao, Ning, Miki, Toshio, Marongiu, Fabio, Nakajima, Hideaki, Nikaido, Toshio, Portmann Lanz, C. Bettina, Sankar, Venkatachalam, Soncini, Maddalena, Stadler, Guido, Surbek, Daniel, Takahashi, Tsuneo A, Redl, Heinz, Sakuragawa, Norio, Wolbank, Susanne, Zeisberger, Steffen, Zisch, Andrea, Strom, Stephen C., Parolini, Ornella (ORCID:0000-0002-5211-6430), Parolini, Ornella, Alviano, Francesco, Bagnara, Gian Paolo, Bilic, Grozdana, Bühring, Hans Jörg, Evangelista, Marco, Hennerbichler, Simone, Liu, Bing, Magatti, Marta, Mao, Ning, Miki, Toshio, Marongiu, Fabio, Nakajima, Hideaki, Nikaido, Toshio, Portmann Lanz, C. Bettina, Sankar, Venkatachalam, Soncini, Maddalena, Stadler, Guido, Surbek, Daniel, Takahashi, Tsuneo A, Redl, Heinz, Sakuragawa, Norio, Wolbank, Susanne, Zeisberger, Steffen, Zisch, Andrea, Strom, Stephen C., and Parolini, Ornella (ORCID:0000-0002-5211-6430)

Abstract

Placental tissue draws great interest as a source of cells for regenerative medicine because of the phenotypic plasticity of many of the cell types isolated from this tissue. Furthermore, placenta, which is involved in maintaining fetal tolerance, contains cells that display immunomodulatory properties. These two features could prove useful for future cell therapy-based clinical applications. Placental tissue is readily available and easily procured without invasive procedures, and its use does not elicit ethical debate. Numerous reports describing stem cells from different parts of the placenta, using nearly as numerous isolation and characterization procedures, have been published. Considering the complexity of the placenta, an urgent need exists to define, as clearly as possible, the region of origin and methods of isolation of cells derived from this tissue. On March 23-24, 2007, the first international Workshop on Placenta Derived Stem Cells was held in Brescia, Italy. Most of the research published in this area focuses on mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from various parts of the placenta or epithelial cells isolated from amniotic membrane. The aim of this review is to summarize and provide the state of the art of research in this field, addressing aspects such as cell isolation protocols and characteristics of these cells, as well as providing preliminary indications of the possibilities for use of these cells in future clinical applications

Published
2008

10. Concise review: isolation and characterization of cells from human term placenta: outcome of the first international Workshop on Placenta Derived Stem Cells

Author

Parolini, O, Alviano, F, Bagnara, G P, Bilic, G, Bühring, H J, Evangelista, M, Hennerbichler, S, Liu, B, Magatti, M, Mao, N, Miki, T, Marongiu, F, Nakajima, H, Nikaido, T, Portmann-Lanz, C B, Sankar, V, Soncini, M, Stadler, G, Surbek, D, Takahashi, T A, Redl, H, Sakuragawa, N, Wolbank, S, Zeisberger, S M, Zisch, A H, Storm, S C, Parolini, O, Alviano, F, Bagnara, G P, Bilic, G, Bühring, H J, Evangelista, M, Hennerbichler, S, Liu, B, Magatti, M, Mao, N, Miki, T, Marongiu, F, Nakajima, H, Nikaido, T, Portmann-Lanz, C B, Sankar, V, Soncini, M, Stadler, G, Surbek, D, Takahashi, T A, Redl, H, Sakuragawa, N, Wolbank, S, Zeisberger, S M, Zisch, A H, and Storm, S C

Abstract

Placental tissue draws great interest as a source of cells for regenerative medicine because of the phenotypic plasticity of many of the cell types isolated from this tissue. Furthermore, placenta, which is involved in maintaining fetal tolerance, contains cells that display immunomodulatory properties. These two features could prove useful for future cell therapy-based clinical applications. Placental tissue is readily available and easily procured without invasive procedures, and its use does not elicit ethical debate. Numerous reports describing stem cells from different parts of the placenta, using nearly as numerous isolation and characterization procedures, have been published. Considering the complexity of the placenta, an urgent need exists to define, as clearly as possible, the region of origin and methods of isolation of cells derived from this tissue. On March 23-24, 2007, the first international Workshop on Placenta Derived Stem Cells was held in Brescia, Italy. Most of the research published in this area focuses on mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from various parts of the placenta or epithelial cells isolated from amniotic membrane. The aim of this review is to summarize and provide the state of the art of research in this field, addressing aspects such as cell isolation protocols and characteristics of these cells, as well as providing preliminary indications of the possibilities for use of these cells in future clinical applications

Published
2008

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