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This study aimed to evaluate the changes in quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during the pregnancy and postpartum periods and to elucidate the effect of bed rest for threatened preterm labor on muscle thickness. In 26 women with normal pregnancy, quadriceps femoris thickness was measured at 11–13, 26, 30, and 35 weeks’ gestation, and at 3–5 days and 1 month postpartum using ultrasonography. In 15 pregnant women treated with bed rest for threatened premature labor, quadriceps femoris thickness was measured at 30 and 35 weeks’ gestation and postpartum. In women with normal pregnancy, quadriceps femoris thickness increased, peaking at 35 weeks’ gestation, followed by a postpartum decrease. In women on bed rest, quadriceps femoris thickness showed no significant change during the pregnancy and postpartum periods, and the muscle was significantly thinner at 35 weeks’ gestation than that in women with normal pregnancy. In conclusion, a significant increase in quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during normal pregnancy was found using ultrasonography. Meanwhile, in pregnant women on bed rest treatment, the quadriceps femoris was significantly thinner in the late third trimester than that in normal pregnant women. Prolonged bed rest can affect normal changes in the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness during the pregnancy and postpartum periods.

Purpose : It is essential to determine normative data of testicular size and penile length in newborn infants in order to assess the development during the fetal period. In this study, we evaluated testicular volumes using ultrasonography and also measured penile lengths in Japanese newborn infants. We also examined the associations of the development of these organs with factors including placental weight and anthropometric data. Methods : One hundred and fifteen full-term male newborn infants were recruited for this study. Testicular size was measured by ultrasonography. Results : Mean testicular volumes were 187.4 mm3 in the right testis and 185.4 mm3 in the left testis, and there was no significant difference between the right and left testicular volumes. Right and left testicular volumes showed positive and significant correlations with body lengths and weights. Testicular volumes in the right and left sides were not significantly associated with penile lengths. In 4 groups according to gestational weeks, testicular volume increased significantly with advance of gestational weeks in the left testis. Conclusion : We determined testicular volumes using ultrasonography in Japanese newborn infants. We believe that the results for newborn infants provide important information for assessment of the development of fetal testicular volume.

Many transgender men receive testosterone therapy to achieve virilization. The therapy is often mistaken for having a contraceptive effect because it causes amenorrhea. However, some treated patients become pregnant, which is not well known. A 25-year-old transgender man who had received testosterone for 3 years had an unplanned pregnancy during discontinuation of treatment. He was unaware of his pregnancy, resumed testosterone, and continued treatment until pregnancy was confirmed. His female child was exposed to androgens during the fetal period; thus, careful, long-term observation was required. He developed insomnia and depression during the postpartum, and giving birth made it difficult for him to change his family register to male. Transgender men can become pregnant through sexual intercourse with biological men, even during hormone replacement therapy, so correct contraception is necessary to avoid unwanted pregnancies. Transgender sex education is important to increase awareness of this issue among individuals and medical professionals.

Purpose : It is essential to determine normative data of testicular size and penile length in newborn infants in order to assess the development during the fetal period. In this study, we evaluated testicular volumes using ultrasonography and also measured penile lengths in Japanese newborn infants. We also examined the associations of the development of these organs with factors including placental weight and anthropometric data. Methods : One hundred and fifteen full-term male newborn infants were recruited for this study. Testicular size was measured by ultrasonography. Results : Mean testicular volumes were 187.4 mm3 in the right testis and 185.4 mm3 in the left testis, and there was no significant difference between the right and left testicular volumes. Right and left testicular volumes showed positive and significant correlations with body lengths and weights. Testicular volumes in the right and left sides were not significantly associated with penile lengths. In 4 groups according to gestational weeks, testicular volume increased significantly with advance of gestational weeks in the left testis. Conclusion : We determined testicular volumes using ultrasonography in Japanese newborn infants. We believe that the results for newborn infants provide important information for assessment of the development of fetal testicular volume.

Many transgender men receive testosterone therapy to achieve virilization. The therapy is often mistaken for having a contraceptive effect because it causes amenorrhea. However, some treated patients become pregnant, which is not well known. A 25-year-old transgender man who had received testosterone for 3 years had an unplanned pregnancy during discontinuation of treatment. He was unaware of his pregnancy, resumed testosterone, and continued treatment until pregnancy was confirmed. His female child was exposed to androgens during the fetal period; thus, careful, long-term observation was required. He developed insomnia and depression during the postpartum, and giving birth made it difficult for him to change his family register to male. Transgender men can become pregnant through sexual intercourse with biological men, even during hormone replacement therapy, so correct contraception is necessary to avoid unwanted pregnancies. Transgender sex education is important to increase awareness of this issue among individuals and medical professionals.

We pay attention to Laser driven ion accelerator that uses high intensity Laser as a new method can accelerate high energy ions. Then, hydrogen cluster, hydrogen molecules compose by intermolecular force, is studied as a new target material in japan. It is possible for us to get high energy ions efficiency when we use the substance in Laser driven ion acceleration experiment. Such useful materials is known that the energy got from them depend on the size of hydrogen clusters. That is why it is very important to discover the cluster size distribution and control them. We make automated system of hydrogen cluster size measurement device to control and simplify the measurement. We measure the size of hydrogen cluster by using Mie scattering phenomena. When the beam caused by Mie scattering are got at photomultiplier and the software made by LABVIEW captures the signal in Windows PC, we are able to obtain cluster size distribution. In this study, we write programs by using Visual Basic Script in Motion Manager 6 and automate the measurement device. As the automated system enable us to measure them effectively, we will examine differences in the size of hydrogen clusters produced by varying the conditions such as temperature, pressure, and nozzle shape., ICMaSS2021

In recent decades, laser-driven ion acceleration experiments have been carried out in the intense laser facilities. Laser-driven ion acceleration experiments using hydrogen cluster targets have been succeeded in accelerating more than 20 MeV protons, and it has a potential to develop energy saving compact particle accelerators. The energy spectrum must be measured in shot-by-shot of intense laser to reveal the stability of laser-accelerated protons. In the present study, it has been developed that the real-time energy spectrometer which can measure laser-accelerated protons and electrons in coaxial direction. The developed spectrometer consists separate magnetic and electric field parts. The magnetic field separate the direction of ions and electrons, then the electrons were entered into phosphor screen. The deflected ions which after passing the magnetic field pass through the electric field such as Thomson parabola spectrometer, then the ions were entered into micro channel plate with phosphor screen. Therefore, the developed spectrometer can measure shot-by-shot energy spectrum of laser-accelerated ions and electrons, and it can contribute to reveal the acceleration mechanism. In the presentation, we will show the detail of the developed spectrometer and some experimental results., ICMaSS2021

The laser-driven ion acceleration has been one of the most active areas of research during the last decade, because the accelerated ion beams have unique properties such as ultrashort duration, high brilliance, and low emittance. It has a potential to develop energy saving compact particle accelerators. In such situation, characterization of laser-accelerated ions in both space and energy domains are one of the most critical issues to understand the physics of laser-driven ion acceleration process. To characterize the laser-accelerated ions, we have applied CR-39 etched type track detectors and nuclear emulsion as the passive detectors. Several methods have been developed to measure two dimensional ion distributions and energy spectrum using the passive detectors. In addition, micro channel plate with phosphor screen integrate in Thomson parabola spectrometer to obtain the shot-by-shot energy spectrum of laser-accelerated ions. The recent results of the measurements using the active and passive ion detectors will be discussed in the presentation., ICMaSS2021

We report a very rare case of monochorionic dizygotic twins conceived spontaneously. The fetuses were sex-discordant in ultrasonography in spite of monochorionic twins. After birth, the girl and boy showed normal phenotypes but they showed blood chimerism in karyotype and blood group type.

We report a very rare case of monochorionic dizygotic twins conceived spontaneously. The fetuses were sex-discordant in ultrasonography in spite of monochorionic twins. After birth, the girl and boy showed normal phenotypes but they showed blood chimerism in karyotype and blood group type.

Two types of amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) have been described : cardiopulmonary collapse type and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) type, with the latter proposed as uterine type. This report describes a healthy 28-year-old woman who developed AFE during a cesarean section. Because of a previous cesarean section, the patient underwent an elective cesarean section, under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, at 38 weeks of pregnancy. She began coughing 5 minutes after delivery of the fetus, subsequently becoming unconscious and developing glossoptosis and bradycardia. Her blood pressure decreased to 76/43 mmHg, and AFE was suspected. Her uterus was atonic, and she experienced persistent noncoagulant bleeding, with a final blood loss of 6300 ml. Considerable blood transfusion was required. The patient survived, and she and her baby were discharged without any sequelae on the eighth postoperative day. This patient met the Japanese criteria for clinical AFE, with an obstetrical DIC score of 21 meeting the criteria for obstetrical DIC. Early diagnosis and treatment likely resulted in patient survival.

Background: Women who receive negative results from non-invasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) may find that they later have mixed or ambivalent feelings, for example, feelings of accepting NIPT and regretting undergoing the test. This study aimed to investigate the factors generating ambivalent feelings among women who gave birth after having received negative results from NIPT. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to women who received a negative NIPT result, and a contents analysis was conducted focusing on ambivalent expressions for those 1562 women who responded the questionnaire. The qualitative data gathered from the questionnaire were analyzed using the N-Vivo software package. Results: Environmental factors, genetic counseling-related factors, and increased anticipatory anxiety, affected the feeling of ambivalence among pregnant women. Furthermore, pregnant women desired more information regarding the detailed prognosis for individuals with Down syndrome and living with them and/or termination, assuming the possibility that they were positive. Conclusions: Three major interrelated factors affected the feeling of ambivalence in women. Highlighting and discussing such factors during genetic counseling may resolve some of these ambivalences, thereby enhancing the quality of decisions made by pregnant women.

We describe a case of a 39-year-old woman diagnosed with placenta percreta complicated by massive hemorrhage during a cesarean section. At 27 weeks of gestation, she underwent an emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia for vaginal bleeding and an intrauterine infection. Soon after delivery, a massive hemorrhage was encountered while attempting to separate the placenta percreta from the bladder wall. Although total abdominal hysterectomy and partial cystectomy were performed, massive hemorrhaging persisted. Bleeding was finally controlled following bilateral internal iliac artery embolization. We used a cell salvage device and a rapid infuser for hemodynamics stabilization. Total blood loss was 47,000 mL, and anesthesia time was 12 h and 47 min. The patient was discharged on the 32nd postoperative day without major complications. Placenta accreta can be associated with life-threatening hemorrhage and it is vital to plan accordingly preoperatively.