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225 p., Aging is associated with a series of phenotypic changes at the cellular level, including changes in gene expression. In recent years, aged tissues have been reported to present an increase in transcriptional noise or cell-to-cell variability. In order to test this, a new method (Scallop) for the quantification of transcriptional noise from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data has been developed, which is based on cluster membership. In addition, a compilation of methods used in the literature has been implemented in the Python toolkit Decibel. A systematic analysis of published scRNA-seq datasets of murine and human aged tissues using Scallop and Decibel revealed that increased transcriptional noise is not a universal hallmark of aging. A deeper analysis of four scRNA-seq datasets of the murine aging lung showed that, even though there are no consistent cell type-specific changes in transcriptional noise levels, the aging lung is characterized by a reproducible enrichment in immune cell types, which was also seen in two human datasets. Interestingly, an exploratory analysis of gene expression datasets of murine and human aging revealed a previously undetected hallmark of aging: aged tissues present a generalized length-dependent transcriptional decay. This length-dependent underexpression (LDU) was also observed in premature aging models caused by exposure to environmental genotoxicity (UV radiation and tobacco smoke) and in two progeroid syndromes caused by defects in the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair pathway (TC-NER): Cockayne syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. These results suggest that accumulation of genotoxicity in long genes could lead to reduced RNA polymerase II procesivity.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of adding, to regular training, resisted-assisted exercises with elastic bands, on throwing speed in handball. Eighteen male players of the highest competition category of Uruguayan senior handball were evenly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Before and after the intervention, classic throwing speed in support was evaluated from 7m and from 9m with three previous running steps, using a radar. The experimental intervention was carried out during the competitive season. It had a duration of six weeks, at a rate of three weekly sessions, during which both groups performed their usual training. In addition, the experimental group included after each training session resisted-assisted throwing exercises with blue TheraBand elastic bands. These consisted of four sets of six repetitions of standing throws from nine meters from the goal. Both groups perceived the intensity of the training sessions as moderate or intense, according to the Borg scale. After the intervention, both groups improved their throwing velocity performance from the two distances. A tendency towards a greater improvement was observed in the experimental group, although this did not reach statistical significance. The use of throwing exercises with elastic bands, as an addition to traditional strength training, could be beneficial for the improvement of throwing velocity. In highly trained subjects, higher stimuli may be necessary to achieve significant results., El presente trabajo tuvo como propósito analizar el impacto de adicionar, al entrenamiento regular, ejercicios resistidos-asistidos con bandas elásticas, sobre la velocidad de lanzamiento en handball. Dieciocho jugadores masculinos de la máxima categoría de competición del Uruguay, fueron divididos en forma pareada en un grupo experimental y un grupo control. Previo y posterior a la intervención, se evaluó la velocidad de lanzamiento clásico en apoyo desde 7m, y desde 9m con tres pasos previos de carrera, utilizando un radar. La intervención se llevó a cabo durante el período competitivo, y tuvo una duración de seis semanas a razón de tres sesiones semanales, durante las cuales ambos grupos realizaron su entrenamiento habitual. Adicionalmente, el grupo experimental incluyó luego de cada entrenamiento ejercicios de lanzamientos resistidos-asistidos con bandas elásticas TheraBand de color azul. Los mismos consistieron en cuatro series de seis repeticiones de lanzamientos en apoyo desde 9m de la portería. Ambos grupos percibieron la intensidad de las sesiones de entrenamiento como moderadas o intensas, según escala de Borg. Luego de la intervención, ambos grupos mejoraron el rendimiento en la velocidad de lanzamiento desde las dos distancias (p < 0,05). Se observó una tendencia hacia una mayor mejora en el grupo experimental; aunque ésta no logró significancia estadística (p < 0,05). El uso de ejercicios de lanzamiento con bandas elásticas, como adición al entrenamiento de fuerza tradicional, podría redundar beneficios para la mejora de la velocidad de lanzamiento. En sujetos muy entrenados, podrían ser necesarios estímulos mayores para lograr resultados significativos.

394 p., The skin is a complex vital organ composed of several layers. The middle layer, the dermis, is mainly composed of fibroblasts that produce the extracellular matrix (ECM) providing structural support. Recent research using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has revealed previously unrecognized heterogeneity among dermal fibroblasts, challenging the traditional understanding of their organization.The work conducted in this thesis thoroughly analyses multiple human and mouse dermal scRNAseq datasets , uncovering a functional heterogeneity of fibroblasts never described. Fibroblast heterogeneity can be divided in major axes and minor populations, and more than 15 populations are described in each species. These populations were associated with specific functions, such as ECM production, immune response, involvement in skin adnexa such as hair follicles, or specialised supportive functions related to vasculature and nerve fibres. Additionally, while there are similarities between mouse and human fibroblasts, differences in their arrangement suggest species-specific variations in overall fibroblast function. This atlas serves as a valuable resource for researchers investigating skin function and diseases, enabling unbiased annotation of their datasets and facilitating the identification of compositional differences and novel fibroblast types associated with various skin conditions.

Recent studies of aging organisms have identified a systematic phenomenon, characterized by a negative correlation between gene length and their expression in various cell types, species, and diseases. We term this phenomenon gene-length-dependent transcription decline (GLTD) and suggest that it may represent a bottleneck in the transcription machinery and thereby significantly contribute to aging as an etiological factor. We review potential links between GLTD and key aging processes such as DNA damage and explore their potential in identifying disease modification targets. Notably, in Alzheimer's disease, GLTD spotlights extremely long synaptic genes at chromosomal fragile sites (CFSs) and their vulnerability to postmitotic DNA damage. We suggest that GLTD is an integral element of biological aging.

DNA damage has long been advocated as a molecular driver of aging. DNA damage occurs in a stochastic manner, and is therefore more likely to accumulate in longer genes. The length-dependent accumulation of transcription-blocking damage, unlike that of somatic mutations, should be reflected in gene expression datasets of aging. We analyzed gene expression as a function of gene length in several single-cell RNA sequencing datasets of mouse and human aging. We found a pervasive age-associated length-dependent underexpression of genes across species, tissues, and cell types. Furthermore, we observed length-dependent underexpression associated with UV-radiation and smoke exposure, and in progeroid diseases, Cockayne syndrome, and trichothiodystrophy. Finally, we studied published gene sets showing global age-related changes. Genes underexpressed with aging were significantly longer than overexpressed genes. These data highlight a previously undetected hallmark of aging and show that accumulation of genotoxicity in long genes could lead to reduced RNA polymerase II processivity.

In this study, novel scaffolds based on natural polymers were developed by combining 3D printing (3DP) and electrospinning (ES) techniques. ES ink was prepared with gelatin and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), while 3DP ink was prepared with gelatin and chitin. Different biopolymers were used to confer unique properties to each ink and obtain a multilayered scaffold suitable for tissue regeneration. First, gelatin is able to exhibit the characteristics needed for both inks since gelatin chains contain arginineglycine-aspartic (RGD) motifs, an important sequence in the promotion of cell adhesion, which gives gelatin an improved biological behavior in comparison to other polymers. Additionally, PVA was selected for ES ink to facilitate gelatin spinnability, and chitin was incorporated into 3DP ink as reinforcement to provide mechanical support and protection to the overall design. In this work, chitin was extracted from fruit fly pupae. The high extraction yield and purity of the chitin obtained from the fruit fly pupae confirmed that this pupa is an alternative source to produce chitin. Once the chitin was characterized, both inks were prepared and rheological analysis was carried out in order to confirm the shear thinning behavior required for additive manufacturing processes. The combination of 3DP and ES processes resulted in porous scaffolds, which were proven biocompatible, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications.

47 p. -- Bibliogr.: p. 24-26, El presente trabajo pretende ser una aproximación a la figura de Alfonso X y a su labor historiográfica, además de una modesta contribución a la conmemoración del VIII centenario de su nacimiento. Por ello, he tratado de resaltar su ímprobo trabajo, como impulsor del uso del castellano en todos los ámbitos culturales y, más específicamente, en su labor historiográfica. Tomando esta última como referente contextual, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido realizar un análisis comparativo de la leyenda de «Don Rodrigo y la pérdida de España», prestando un especial interés en la realización de estudio léxico-semántico tomando como modelo los trabajos filológicos clásicos de la Escuela de Filología Española pidalina.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have unique immunomodulatory capacities. We investigated hair follicle-derived MSCs (HF-MSCs) from the dermal sheath, which are advantageous as an alternative source because of their relatively painless and minimally risky extraction procedure. These cells expressed neural markers upon isolation and maintained stemness for a minimum of 10 passages. Furthermore, HF-MSCs showed responsiveness to pro-inflammatory environments by expressing type-II major histocompatibility complex antigens (MHC)-II to a lesser extent than adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). HF-MSCs effectively inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells equivalently to AT-MSCs. Additionally, HF-MSCs promoted the induction of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells to the same extent as AT-MSCs. Finally, HF-MSCs, more so than AT-MSCs, skewed M0 and M1 macrophages towards M2 phenotypes, with upregulation of typical M2 markers CD163 and CD206 and downregulation of M1 markers such as CD64, CD86, and MHC-II. Thus, we conclude that HF-MSCs are a promising source for immunomodulation.

BACKGROUND: Feature selection is a relevant step in the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Most of the current feature selection methods are based on general univariate descriptors of the data such as the dispersion or the percentage of zeros. Despite the use of correction methods, the generality of these feature selection methods biases the genes selected towards highly expressed genes, instead of the genes defining the cell populations of the dataset. RESULTS: Triku is a feature selection method that favors genes defining the main cell populations. It does so by selecting genes expressed by groups of cells that are close in the k-nearest neighbor graph. The expression of these genes is higher than the expected expression if the k-cells were chosen at random. Triku efficiently recovers cell populations present in artificial and biological benchmarking datasets, based on adjusted Rand index, normalized mutual information, supervised classification, and silhouette coefficient measurements. Additionally, gene sets selected by triku are more likely to be related to relevant Gene Ontology terms and contain fewer ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. CONCLUSION: Triku is developed in Python 3 and is available at https://github.com/alexmascension/triku.

BACKGROUND: Feature selection is a relevant step in the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Most of the current feature selection methods are based on general univariate descriptors of the data such as the dispersion or the percentage of zeros. Despite the use of correction methods, the generality of these feature selection methods biases the genes selected towards highly expressed genes, instead of the genes defining the cell populations of the dataset. RESULTS: Triku is a feature selection method that favors genes defining the main cell populations. It does so by selecting genes expressed by groups of cells that are close in the k-nearest neighbor graph. The expression of these genes is higher than the expected expression if the k-cells were chosen at random. Triku efficiently recovers cell populations present in artificial and biological benchmarking datasets, based on adjusted Rand index, normalized mutual information, supervised classification, and silhouette coefficient measurements. Additionally, gene sets selected by triku are more likely to be related to relevant Gene Ontology terms and contain fewer ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. CONCLUSION: Triku is developed in Python 3 and is available at https://github.com/alexmascension/triku.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have unique immunomodulatory capacities. We investigated hair follicle-derived MSCs (HF-MSCs) from the dermal sheath, which are advantageous as an alternative source because of their relatively painless and minimally risky extraction procedure. These cells expressed neural markers upon isolation and maintained stemness for a minimum of 10 passages. Furthermore, HF-MSCs showed responsiveness to pro-inflammatory environments by expressing type-II major histocompatibility complex antigens (MHC)-II to a lesser extent than adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). HF-MSCs effectively inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells equivalently to AT-MSCs. Additionally, HF-MSCs promoted the induction of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells to the same extent as AT-MSCs. Finally, HF-MSCs, more so than AT-MSCs, skewed M0 and M1 macrophages towards M2 phenotypes, with upregulation of typical M2 markers CD163 and CD206 and downregulation of M1 markers such as CD64, CD86, and MHC-II. Thus, we conclude that HF-MSCs are a promising source for immunomodulation.

BACKGROUND: Feature selection is a relevant step in the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Most of the current feature selection methods are based on general univariate descriptors of the data such as the dispersion or the percentage of zeros. Despite the use of correction methods, the generality of these feature selection methods biases the genes selected towards highly expressed genes, instead of the genes defining the cell populations of the dataset. RESULTS: Triku is a feature selection method that favors genes defining the main cell populations. It does so by selecting genes expressed by groups of cells that are close in the k-nearest neighbor graph. The expression of these genes is higher than the expected expression if the k-cells were chosen at random. Triku efficiently recovers cell populations present in artificial and biological benchmarking datasets, based on adjusted Rand index, normalized mutual information, supervised classification, and silhouette coefficient measurements. Additionally, gene sets selected by triku are more likely to be related to relevant Gene Ontology terms and contain fewer ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. CONCLUSION: Triku is developed in Python 3 and is available at https://github.com/alexmascension/triku.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

El artículo rescata las percepciones de los turistas sobre el valor que les dan a servicios ambientales culturales, recursos y actividades turísticas y el impacto ambiental en relación a la zona turística de Tacotalpa Tabasco, ubicado en el sureste de México. A través de un estudio queincluyo la visita y recorrido a la zona de estudio, revisión en bibliotecas locales, repositorios digitales como Science Direct, Open DOAJ, visitas a las instituciones de gobierno del estado de Tabasco, así como la aplicación de un cuestionario que consto de 27 ítems aplicándolo a 100 turistas. Entre los resultados destaca a percepción del turista sobre los paisajes naturales un 85% coincidía que representa un valor alto, pero que en su mayoría está dispuesto a pagar y paga muy poco por sus paseos.

BACKGROUND: Feature selection is a relevant step in the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Most of the current feature selection methods are based on general univariate descriptors of the data such as the dispersion or the percentage of zeros. Despite the use of correction methods, the generality of these feature selection methods biases the genes selected towards highly expressed genes, instead of the genes defining the cell populations of the dataset. RESULTS: Triku is a feature selection method that favors genes defining the main cell populations. It does so by selecting genes expressed by groups of cells that are close in the k-nearest neighbor graph. The expression of these genes is higher than the expected expression if the k-cells were chosen at random. Triku efficiently recovers cell populations present in artificial and biological benchmarking datasets, based on adjusted Rand index, normalized mutual information, supervised classification, and silhouette coefficient measurements. Additionally, gene sets selected by triku are more likely to be related to relevant Gene Ontology terms and contain fewer ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. CONCLUSION: Triku is developed in Python 3 and is available at https://github.com/alexmascension/triku.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have unique immunomodulatory capacities. We investigated hair follicle-derived MSCs (HF-MSCs) from the dermal sheath, which are advantageous as an alternative source because of their relatively painless and minimally risky extraction procedure. These cells expressed neural markers upon isolation and maintained stemness for a minimum of 10 passages. Furthermore, HF-MSCs showed responsiveness to pro-inflammatory environments by expressing type-II major histocompatibility complex antigens (MHC)-II to a lesser extent than adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). HF-MSCs effectively inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells equivalently to AT-MSCs. Additionally, HF-MSCs promoted the induction of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells to the same extent as AT-MSCs. Finally, HF-MSCs, more so than AT-MSCs, skewed M0 and M1 macrophages towards M2 phenotypes, with upregulation of typical M2 markers CD163 and CD206 and downregulation of M1 markers such as CD64, CD86, and MHC-II. Thus, we conclude that HF-MSCs are a promising source for immunomodulation.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

The organizational structure of RSU for the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, aims to design the organizational structure that addresses the commitment and social responsibility to the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. To achieve this objective, the theoretical elements of the Organizational design. Starting from the fact that the design of an adequate organizational structure contributes to improving competitiveness. In public or private, profit-making or non-profit organizations, it is necessary to define the different functional area that are developed to achieve the objetives established in the design of the internal organizational structure that formally establishes the levels of authority responsibility. The division into functional areas and the design of the structure should be flexible enough to a llow dynamic and project-based management. In the samy way, the commitment acquired by the Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco is considered, when obtaining the RSU badge in 2016 and later in 2019 endorses said commitment., La estructura organizacional de RSU para la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, tiene como objetivo diseñar la estructura organizacional que atienda el compromiso y responsabilidad social ante los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.  Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se revisan y estudian los elementos teóricos del Diseño Organizacional. Partiendo del hecho de que el diseño de una estructura organizacional adecuada contribuye a mejorar la competitividad. En las organizaciones pública o privada, lucrativa o no lucrativa es necesario definir las diferentes áreas funcionales que se desarrollan para la consecución de los objetivos establecidos en el diseño de la estructura organizacional interna que establece formalmente los niveles de autoridad y responsabilidad. La división en áreas funcionales y el diseño de la estructura debe tener flexibilidad suficiente como para posibilitar una administración dinámica y basada en proyectos. De igual forma se considera el compromiso adquirido por la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, al obtener el distintivo de RSU en 2016 y posteriormente en el 2019 refrenda dicho compromiso.

Cancer cells can develop a strong addiction to discrete molecular regulators, which control the aberrant gene expression programs that drive and maintain the cancer phenotype. Here, we report the identification of the RNA-binding protein HuR/ELAVL1 as a central oncogenic driver for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), which are highly aggressive sarcomas that originate from cells of the Schwann cell lineage. HuR was found to be highly elevated and bound to a multitude of cancer-associated transcripts in human MPNST samples. Accordingly, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HuR had potent cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on tumor growth, and strongly suppressed metastatic capacity in vivo. Importantly, we linked the profound tumorigenic function of HuR to its ability to simultaneously regulate multiple essential oncogenic pathways in MPNST cells, including the Wnt/beta-catenin, YAP/TAZ, RB/E2F, and BET pathways, which converge on key transcriptional networks. Given the exceptional dependency of MPNST cells on HuR for survival, proliferation, and dissemination, we propose that HuR represents a promising therapeutic target for MPNST treatment.

Collagen was obtained from porcine skin by mechanical pretreatments with the aim of preserving the triple helix structure of native collagen, which was indirectly corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results. Moreover, aloe vera (AV), with inherent biological properties, was incorporated into collagen film formulations, and films were prepared by compression and characterized to assess their suitability for biomedical applications. SEM images showed that the fibrillar structure of collagen changed to a rougher structure with the addition of AV, in accordance with the decrease in the lateral packaging of collagen chains observed by XRD analysis. These results suggested interactions between collagen and AV, as observed by FTIR. Considering that AV content higher than 20 wt % did not promote further interactions, this formulation was employed for biological assays and the suitability of AV/collagen films developed for biomedical applications was confirmed.

Native collagen scaffolds were prepared in this work, in which both materials and environmental approaches were considered with the aim of providing a global strategy towards more sustainable biomaterials. From the environmental perspective, it is worth mentioning that acid and enzymatic treatments have been avoided to extract collagen, allowing the reduction in the use of resources, in terms of chemicals, energy, and time, and leading to a low environmental load of this step in all the impact categories under analysis. With the incorporation of chitosan into the scaffold-forming formulations, physical interactions occurred between collagen and chitosan, but the native collagen structure was preserved, as observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The incorporation of chitosan also led to more homogenous porous microstructures, with higher elastic moduli and compression resistance for both dry and hydrated scaffolds. Furthermore, hydrated scaffolds preserved their size and shape after some compression cycles.

204 p., Durante el envejecimiento se produce una disminución funcional progresiva de los tejidos, a la cual subyace la pérdida del potencial regenerativo por alteraciones en el funcionamiento de las células madre/precursoras residentes del tejido. En la piel, una población de células precursoras dérmicas es trazada por la expresión de Sox2, conocido por su función en el mantenimiento de las células madre. En este tejido, los niveles de Sox2 modulan la transición entre diferentes estadios celulares gliales y perivasculares con capacidad multipotente. En este trabajo hipotetizamos que la disminución funcional dérmica que ocurre en el envejecimiento es consecuencia de alteraciones en las poblaciones de células precursoras Sox2+. Utilizando los modelos animales C57BL/6J y Sox2EGFP envejecidos cronológicamente, hemos encontrado alteraciones en los nichos dérmicos nervioso y vascular, en conjunto con una disminución in vitro en la capacidad proliferativa, en el potencial de diferenciación, y un aumento de la senescencia celular. Más aún, la cantidad total de células precursoras Sox2+ disminuye con la edad, pero esta pérdida es acusada en la fracción celular con altos niveles de expresión de Sox2, mientras que aquella con bajos niveles de expresión parece estar menos afectada por el envejecimiento. Estos cambios, producto de alteraciones proliferativas selectivas, afectan al potencial de diferenciación hacia los linajes neural y mesodérmico. De hecho, en el animal heterocigoto Sox2EGFP hay un mayor compromiso adiposo, incluso desde edades jóvenes, que es concomitante con una disminución de la celularidad, resultando en alteraciones tempranas de la estructura de la matriz extracelular dérmica. Los resultados de este trabajo proponen la importancia de Sox2 en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis dérmica durante el envejecimiento, a través de la regulación de diversas poblaciones celulares en la piel.

Native collagen scaffolds were prepared in this work, in which both materials and environmental approaches were considered with the aim of providing a global strategy towards more sustainable biomaterials. From the environmental perspective, it is worth mentioning that acid and enzymatic treatments have been avoided to extract collagen, allowing the reduction in the use of resources, in terms of chemicals, energy, and time, and leading to a low environmental load of this step in all the impact categories under analysis. With the incorporation of chitosan into the scaffold-forming formulations, physical interactions occurred between collagen and chitosan, but the native collagen structure was preserved, as observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The incorporation of chitosan also led to more homogenous porous microstructures, with higher elastic moduli and compression resistance for both dry and hydrated scaffolds. Furthermore, hydrated scaffolds preserved their size and shape after some compression cycles.

Collagen was obtained from porcine skin by mechanical pretreatments with the aim of preserving the triple helix structure of native collagen, which was indirectly corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results. Moreover, aloe vera (AV), with inherent biological properties, was incorporated into collagen film formulations, and films were prepared by compression and characterized to assess their suitability for biomedical applications. SEM images showed that the fibrillar structure of collagen changed to a rougher structure with the addition of AV, in accordance with the decrease in the lateral packaging of collagen chains observed by XRD analysis. These results suggested interactions between collagen and AV, as observed by FTIR. Considering that AV content higher than 20 wt % did not promote further interactions, this formulation was employed for biological assays and the suitability of AV/collagen films developed for biomedical applications was confirmed.

Cancer cells can develop a strong addiction to discrete molecular regulators, which control the aberrant gene expression programs that drive and maintain the cancer phenotype. Here, we report the identification of the RNA-binding protein HuR/ELAVL1 as a central oncogenic driver for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), which are highly aggressive sarcomas that originate from cells of the Schwann cell lineage. HuR was found to be highly elevated and bound to a multitude of cancer-associated transcripts in human MPNST samples. Accordingly, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HuR had potent cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on tumor growth, and strongly suppressed metastatic capacity in vivo. Importantly, we linked the profound tumorigenic function of HuR to its ability to simultaneously regulate multiple essential oncogenic pathways in MPNST cells, including the Wnt/beta-catenin, YAP/TAZ, RB/E2F, and BET pathways, which converge on key transcriptional networks. Given the exceptional dependency of MPNST cells on HuR for survival, proliferation, and dissemination, we propose that HuR represents a promising therapeutic target for MPNST treatment.

The present study has the purpose of knowing the variables that are significantly related to the turnover of personnel in the hotel sector. To achieve this, 206 workers belonging to the Mexican Association of Hotels and Motels of Palenque A.C. were found, obtaining that the workers present a low level of affective and normative organizational commitment. Concluding that the lack of organizational commitment is the main reason that derives in the labor separation between the worker and the company dedicated to the lodging service in the City of Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico., El presente estudio tiene el propósito de conocer las variables que se relacionan significativamente con la rotación de personal en el sector hotelero. Para lograrlo se encuesto a 206 trabajadores que pertenecen a la Asociación Mexicana de Hoteles y Moteles de Palenque A.C., obteniendo que los trabajadores presentan un bajo nivel de compromiso organizacional afectivo y normativo. Concluyendo que la falta de compromiso organizacional es la principal razón que deriva en la separación laboral entre el trabajador y la empresa dedicada al servicio de hospedaje en la Ciudad de Palenque, Chiapas, México.

The present study has the purpose of knowing the variables that are significantly related to the turnover of personnel in the hotel sector. To achieve this, 206 workers belonging to the Mexican Association of Hotels and Motels of Palenque A.C. were found, obtaining that the workers present a low level of affective and normative organizational commitment. Concluding that the lack of organizational commitment is the main reason that derives in the labor separation between the worker and the company dedicated to the lodging service in the City of Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico., El presente estudio tiene el propósito de conocer las variables que se relacionan significativamente con la rotación de personal en el sector hotelero. Para lograrlo se encuesto a 206 trabajadores que pertenecen a la Asociación Mexicana de Hoteles y Moteles de Palenque A.C., obteniendo que los trabajadores presentan un bajo nivel de compromiso organizacional afectivo y normativo. Concluyendo que la falta de compromiso organizacional es la principal razón que deriva en la separación laboral entre el trabajador y la empresa dedicada al servicio de hospedaje en la Ciudad de Palenque, Chiapas, México.

Collagen was obtained from porcine skin by mechanical pretreatments with the aim of preserving the triple helix structure of native collagen, which was indirectly corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results. Moreover, aloe vera (AV), with inherent biological properties, was incorporated into collagen film formulations, and films were prepared by compression and characterized to assess their suitability for biomedical applications. SEM images showed that the fibrillar structure of collagen changed to a rougher structure with the addition of AV, in accordance with the decrease in the lateral packaging of collagen chains observed by XRD analysis. These results suggested interactions between collagen and AV, as observed by FTIR. Considering that AV content higher than 20 wt % did not promote further interactions, this formulation was employed for biological assays and the suitability of AV/collagen films developed for biomedical applications was confirmed.

Native collagen scaffolds were prepared in this work, in which both materials and environmental approaches were considered with the aim of providing a global strategy towards more sustainable biomaterials. From the environmental perspective, it is worth mentioning that acid and enzymatic treatments have been avoided to extract collagen, allowing the reduction in the use of resources, in terms of chemicals, energy, and time, and leading to a low environmental load of this step in all the impact categories under analysis. With the incorporation of chitosan into the scaffold-forming formulations, physical interactions occurred between collagen and chitosan, but the native collagen structure was preserved, as observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The incorporation of chitosan also led to more homogenous porous microstructures, with higher elastic moduli and compression resistance for both dry and hydrated scaffolds. Furthermore, hydrated scaffolds preserved their size and shape after some compression cycles.

Cancer cells can develop a strong addiction to discrete molecular regulators, which control the aberrant gene expression programs that drive and maintain the cancer phenotype. Here, we report the identification of the RNA-binding protein HuR/ELAVL1 as a central oncogenic driver for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), which are highly aggressive sarcomas that originate from cells of the Schwann cell lineage. HuR was found to be highly elevated and bound to a multitude of cancer-associated transcripts in human MPNST samples. Accordingly, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HuR had potent cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on tumor growth, and strongly suppressed metastatic capacity in vivo. Importantly, we linked the profound tumorigenic function of HuR to its ability to simultaneously regulate multiple essential oncogenic pathways in MPNST cells, including the Wnt/beta-catenin, YAP/TAZ, RB/E2F, and BET pathways, which converge on key transcriptional networks. Given the exceptional dependency of MPNST cells on HuR for survival, proliferation, and dissemination, we propose that HuR represents a promising therapeutic target for MPNST treatment.

204 p., Durante el envejecimiento se produce una disminución funcional progresiva de los tejidos, a la cual subyace la pérdida del potencial regenerativo por alteraciones en el funcionamiento de las células madre/precursoras residentes del tejido. En la piel, una población de células precursoras dérmicas es trazada por la expresión de Sox2, conocido por su función en el mantenimiento de las células madre. En este tejido, los niveles de Sox2 modulan la transición entre diferentes estadios celulares gliales y perivasculares con capacidad multipotente. En este trabajo hipotetizamos que la disminución funcional dérmica que ocurre en el envejecimiento es consecuencia de alteraciones en las poblaciones de células precursoras Sox2+. Utilizando los modelos animales C57BL/6J y Sox2EGFP envejecidos cronológicamente, hemos encontrado alteraciones en los nichos dérmicos nervioso y vascular, en conjunto con una disminución in vitro en la capacidad proliferativa, en el potencial de diferenciación, y un aumento de la senescencia celular. Más aún, la cantidad total de células precursoras Sox2+ disminuye con la edad, pero esta pérdida es acusada en la fracción celular con altos niveles de expresión de Sox2, mientras que aquella con bajos niveles de expresión parece estar menos afectada por el envejecimiento. Estos cambios, producto de alteraciones proliferativas selectivas, afectan al potencial de diferenciación hacia los linajes neural y mesodérmico. De hecho, en el animal heterocigoto Sox2EGFP hay un mayor compromiso adiposo, incluso desde edades jóvenes, que es concomitante con una disminución de la celularidad, resultando en alteraciones tempranas de la estructura de la matriz extracelular dérmica. Los resultados de este trabajo proponen la importancia de Sox2 en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis dérmica durante el envejecimiento, a través de la regulación de diversas poblaciones celulares en la piel.

Human myogenic precursor cells have been isolated and expanded from a number of skeletal muscles, but alternative donor biopsy sites must be sought after in diseases where muscle damage is widespread. Biopsy sites must be relatively accessible, and the biopsied muscle dispensable. Here, we aimed to histologically characterize the cremaster muscle with regard number of satellite cells and regenerative fibres, and to isolate and characterize human cremaster muscle-derived stem/precursor cells in adult male donors with the objective of characterizing this muscle as a novel source of myogenic precursor cells. Cremaster muscle biopsies (or adjacent non-muscle tissue for negative controls; N=19) were taken from male patients undergoing routine surgery for urogenital pathology. Myosphere cultures were derived and tested for their in vitro and in vivo myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration capacities. Cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells were maintained by myosphere culture and efficiently differentiated to myotubes in adhesion culture. Upon transplantation to an immunocompromised mouse model of cardiotoxin-induced acute muscle damage, human cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells survived to the transplants and contributed to muscle regeneration. These precursors are a good candidate for cell therapy approaches of skeletal muscle. Due to their location and developmental origin, we propose that they might be best suited for regeneration of the rhabdosphincter in patients undergoing stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.

Human myogenic precursor cells have been isolated and expanded from a number of skeletal muscles, but alternative donor biopsy sites must be sought after in diseases where muscle damage is widespread. Biopsy sites must be relatively accessible, and the biopsied muscle dispensable. Here, we aimed to histologically characterize the cremaster muscle with regard number of satellite cells and regenerative fibres, and to isolate and characterize human cremaster muscle-derived stem/precursor cells in adult male donors with the objective of characterizing this muscle as a novel source of myogenic precursor cells. Cremaster muscle biopsies (or adjacent non-muscle tissue for negative controls; N=19) were taken from male patients undergoing routine surgery for urogenital pathology. Myosphere cultures were derived and tested for their in vitro and in vivo myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration capacities. Cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells were maintained by myosphere culture and efficiently differentiated to myotubes in adhesion culture. Upon transplantation to an immunocompromised mouse model of cardiotoxin-induced acute muscle damage, human cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells survived to the transplants and contributed to muscle regeneration. These precursors are a good candidate for cell therapy approaches of skeletal muscle. Due to their location and developmental origin, we propose that they might be best suited for regeneration of the rhabdosphincter in patients undergoing stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.

The present assay explores briefly the concept of urban mobility and the implications for the governability, development and increase of the middle cities. About him are defined some concepts basics to understanding about urban mobility, as well as its origin in the context European, stands out in general the topic from some actions implemented in the metropolitan zones of Mexico, as well as San Luis Potosí and in the particular case of Valles City annotate some actions implemented by the local governments. Finally, the assay defines some conclusions around the theme of study., El presente artículo explora de forma breve el concepto de la movilidad urbana y las implicaciones para la gobernabilidad, el desarrollo y crecimiento de las ciudades medias. En él se definen algunos conceptos básicos para el entendimiento de la movilidad urbana, así como su origen en el contexto europeo, se destaca de forma general el tema a partir de algunas acciones implementadas en las zonas metropolitanas de México, así como en la entidad de San Luis Potosí y en el caso particular de Ciudad Valles se anotan algunas acciones emprendidas por los gobiernos locales. Finalmente, el ensayo define algunas conclusiones en torno a la temática de estudio.

The sociocultural pressure on university students, and particularly those studying Nutrition, negatively influences their body image (BI), which favors the adoption of risky eating behaviors (REB), regardless of their nutritional status (NS). The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between body dissatisfaction (BD), NS and REB in Nutrition students. A total of 370 students from a private university participated (93.5% women), with a mean age of 19.5 years (SD = 2.5). Although 81% of the students were normal weight, 72.3% had BD. Participants with obesity, overweight or normal weight had moderate risk of REB (p < .05), but not those who were satisfied with their BI (p < .05). Specifically, students who wished to have a thinner silhouette showed greater risk of REB (OR = 2.97, p < .05) vs. those who wished to have a robust silhouette (p = . 76). In addition, the higher body mass index, the more exercise to lose weight, restrictive diets, binge eating and loss of control when eating (p < .05). It is necessary to develop interventions aimed at improving body satisfaction to prevent REB among university students, with greater emphasis on those who choose Nutrition as a professional career

Human myogenic precursor cells have been isolated and expanded from a number of skeletal muscles, but alternative donor biopsy sites must be sought after in diseases where muscle damage is widespread. Biopsy sites must be relatively accessible, and the biopsied muscle dispensable. Here, we aimed to histologically characterize the cremaster muscle with regard number of satellite cells and regenerative fibres, and to isolate and characterize human cremaster muscle-derived stem/precursor cells in adult male donors with the objective of characterizing this muscle as a novel source of myogenic precursor cells. Cremaster muscle biopsies (or adjacent non-muscle tissue for negative controls; N=19) were taken from male patients undergoing routine surgery for urogenital pathology. Myosphere cultures were derived and tested for their in vitro and in vivo myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration capacities. Cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells were maintained by myosphere culture and efficiently differentiated to myotubes in adhesion culture. Upon transplantation to an immunocompromised mouse model of cardiotoxin-induced acute muscle damage, human cremaster-derived myogenic precursor cells survived to the transplants and contributed to muscle regeneration. These precursors are a good candidate for cell therapy approaches of skeletal muscle. Due to their location and developmental origin, we propose that they might be best suited for regeneration of the rhabdosphincter in patients undergoing stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.

The present assay explores briefly the concept of urban mobility and the implications for the governability, development and increase of the middle cities. About him are defined some concepts basics to understanding about urban mobility, as well as its origin in the context European, stands out in general the topic from some actions implemented in the metropolitan zones of Mexico, as well as San Luis Potosí and in the particular case of Valles City annotate some actions implemented by the local governments. Finally, the assay defines some conclusions around the theme of study., El presente artículo explora de forma breve el concepto de la movilidad urbana y las implicaciones para la gobernabilidad, el desarrollo y crecimiento de las ciudades medias. En él se definen algunos conceptos básicos para el entendimiento de la movilidad urbana, así como su origen en el contexto europeo, se destaca de forma general el tema a partir de algunas acciones implementadas en las zonas metropolitanas de México, así como en la entidad de San Luis Potosí y en el caso particular de Ciudad Valles se anotan algunas acciones emprendidas por los gobiernos locales. Finalmente, el ensayo define algunas conclusiones en torno a la temática de estudio.

The present assay explores briefly the concept of urban mobility and the implications for the governability, development and increase of the middle cities. About him are defined some concepts basics to understanding about urban mobility, as well as its origin in the context European, stands out in general the topic from some actions implemented in the metropolitan zones of Mexico, as well as San Luis Potosí and in the particular case of Valles City annotate some actions implemented by the local governments. Finally, the assay defines some conclusions around the theme of study., El presente artículo explora de forma breve el concepto de la movilidad urbana y las implicaciones para la gobernabilidad, el desarrollo y crecimiento de las ciudades medias. En él se definen algunos conceptos básicos para el entendimiento de la movilidad urbana, así como su origen en el contexto europeo, se destaca de forma general el tema a partir de algunas acciones implementadas en las zonas metropolitanas de México, así como en la entidad de San Luis Potosí y en el caso particular de Ciudad Valles se anotan algunas acciones emprendidas por los gobiernos locales. Finalmente, el ensayo define algunas conclusiones en torno a la temática de estudio.

ntroduction: During the plateletpheresis procedure the number of thrombocytes in the donor’s blood significantly decreases, and the levels of the hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hgb), and leukocyte (WBC) diminish as well. Influence of the cell separator is one of the factors that affects the levels of HCT, Hgb and WBC. In this study, the goal was to determine the value difference o f HCT, Hgb, WBC, and platelets after the platelet pheresis process between performance on Fenwal AMICUS and on Fresenius Com Tec. Donors and methods: The criteria for participation: male in the age range of 25-45. We have formed two groups: for both groups - 180 separations were performed on 60 participants were the values of hematocrits, concentration of hemoglobin and number of leukocytes were established before and after separation using the double-needle continuous flow cell separation (DN- CFCS) on two different devices, Fenwal AMICUS device and the Fresenius Com Tec. device. To confirm the statistical differences we have used Student t-test for independent or dependent samples, as well as Mann-Whitney U test as non-parametric alternative. To compare differences between the values of four parameters (P1-P2) from two groups (using two devices - Fenwal AMICUS and Fresenius Com Tec) The possibility of errors were accepted for Į<0.05, and the difference between groups as statistical relevant were accepted for p<0.05. Results Statistically significant lower values were noted for all researche d parameters after separation on both devices. The statistically significant average values for Hct, Hgb and WBC obtained between two devices, were less than 0.05 (p=0.05). For the platelets (Plt) there was no statistical significant difference (p>0.05 - Į=0.05), between average level obtained using either Fenwal AMICUS or Frazenius Com Tec. Conclusion: The type of cell separator had the influence on the decrease value of the observed parameters.

SOX2 (Sex-determining region Y box 2) is a transcription factor expressed in several foetal and adult tissues and its deregulated activity has been linked to chronic diseases associated with ageing. Nevertheless, the level of SOX2 expression in aged individuals at the tissue level has not previously been examined. In this work, we show that SOX2 expression decreases significantly in the brain with ageing, in both humans and rodents. The administration of resveratrol for 6 months in mice partly attenuated this reduction. We also identified an age-related decline in SOX2 mRNA and protein expression in several other organs, namely, the lung, heart, kidney, spleen and liver. Moreover, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from elderly expressed lower levels of SOX2 than those from young individuals. Mechanistically, SOX2 expression inversely correlates with p16Ink4a levels. Together, these data show a widespread decrease in SOX2 with age, suggesting that the decline in SOX2 expression might be used as a biomarker of ageing.

Jon Zabaleta,1 Borja Aguinagalde,1 Iker López,1 Stephany M Laguna,1 Mikel Mendoza,2 Ainhoa Galardi,2 Luis Matey,3,4 Andrea Larrañaga,4 Gorka Baqueriza,5 Ander Izeta61Thoracic surgery service, Donostia University Hospital, IIS Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain; 2Radiology service, Donostia Universitary Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain; 3Additive Manufacturing, Ceit-IK4, San Sebastian, Spain; 4School of Engineering, Tecnun-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; 5Additive Manufacturing, Tknika-Basque Centre of Research and Applied Innovation in Vocational Education and Training; 6Tissue Engineering Group, IIS Biodonostia, San Sebastian, SpainIntroduction: In recent years, the use of 3D printing in medicine has grown exponentially, but the use of 3D technology has not been equally adopted by the different medical specialties. Published 3D printing activity in general thoracic surgery is scarce and has been mostly limited to case reports. The aim of this report was to reflect on the results and lessons learned from a newly created multidisciplinary and multicenter 3D unit of the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgery (SECT).Methods: This is a pilot study to determine the feasibility and usefulness of printing 3D models for patients with thoracic malignancy or airway complications, based on real data. We designed a point-of-care 3D printing workflow involving thoracic surgeons, radiologists with experience in intrathoracic pathology, and engineers with experience in additive manufacturing.Results: In the first year of operation we generated 26 three-dimensional models out of 27 cases received (96.3%). In 9 cases a virtual model was sufficient for optimal patient handling, while in 17 cases a 3D model was printed. Per pathology, cases were classified as airway stenosis after lung transplantation (7 cases, 25.9%), tracheal pathology (7 cases, 25.9%), chest tumors (6 cases, 22.2%) carcinoid tumors (4 cases, 14.8%), mediastinal tumors (2 cases, 7.4%) and Pan

307 p., En la piel, y posiblemente en otros tejidos, la identificación de poblaciones celulares -stem- bajo un excesivo número de denominaciones ha generado confusión en el campo, debido a la reformulación constante de la nomenclatura y a los criterios, muchas veces laxos, por los que se ha considerado una población celular determinada como precursora, y distinta de otras descritas anteriormente. De acuerdo con datos previos del laboratorio respecto a la identidad de las células con potencial neural derivadas de la piel humana (Etxaniz y cols., 2014), los resultados obtenidos en esta Tesis contribuyen a clarificar el campo de las células precursoras aisladas de la piel del ratón, ya que demuestran que las células de Schwann dérmicas son responsables del fenotipo atribuido a las progenitoras neurales descritas en la piel (SKPs). Así mismo, se demuestra que las células de Schwann aisladas en cultivo revierten a un estadio progenitor en un mecanismo de reprogramación dependiente de los niveles de expresión del factor de transcripción Sox2. En relación al origen embrionario de las SKPs de la dermis del tronco, las cuales fueron relacionadas con un origen mesodérmico (trazadas de linaje por Myf5-CreSor y Dermo1-Cre), se demuestra que las células de Schwann dérmicas no pertenecen al linaje celular Myf5+ (presuntamente originadas en el dermomiotomo) y que la activación del promotor Myf5 en el constructo Myf5-CreSor no sucede exclusivamente en linajes celulares derivados del dermomiotomo.El rasgo clínico más característico de la Neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1) es el desarrollo de tumores benignos denominados neurofibromas, en los que predominan las células de Schwann que han inactivado los dos alelos del gen NF1 (NF1-/-). La caracterización de neurofibromas dérmicos procedentes de pacientes con NF1 revela un aumento en la expresión de marcadores de desdiferenciación, propios de células de Schwann activadas en respuesta a daño. Así, de acuerdo con el origen propuesto para este tipo d

333 p., El estudio de la miogénesis y de diversas enfermedades neuromusculares requiere generalmente el uso de técnicas in vitro, idealmente de cultivos primarios tridimensionales.En esta tesis, se ha identificado la población de precursores miogénicos de la piel como la de las células satélite del panículo carnoso, se ha propuesto un sistema de aislamiento y cultivo tridimensional para expandir y obtener una diferenciación miogénica de dichas células in vitro, y se ha evaluado su potencial regenerativo in vivo.Asimismo, se ha trasladado este sistema de cultivo y diferenciación celular a biopsias de músculo cremáster humano analizando su potencial miogénico tanto in vitro como in vivo y mostrando así las primeras evidencias de su aplicabilidad en futuras terapias celulares.Por último, se ha estudiado el papel fisiológico del panículo carnoso y se propone su idoneidad para el estudio de diversos procesos biológicos relevantes como la cicatrización o la incorporación de células derivadas de la médula ósea donante tras un trasplante.

307 p., En la piel, y posiblemente en otros tejidos, la identificación de poblaciones celulares -stem- bajo un excesivo número de denominaciones ha generado confusión en el campo, debido a la reformulación constante de la nomenclatura y a los criterios, muchas veces laxos, por los que se ha considerado una población celular determinada como precursora, y distinta de otras descritas anteriormente. De acuerdo con datos previos del laboratorio respecto a la identidad de las células con potencial neural derivadas de la piel humana (Etxaniz y cols., 2014), los resultados obtenidos en esta Tesis contribuyen a clarificar el campo de las células precursoras aisladas de la piel del ratón, ya que demuestran que las células de Schwann dérmicas son responsables del fenotipo atribuido a las progenitoras neurales descritas en la piel (SKPs). Así mismo, se demuestra que las células de Schwann aisladas en cultivo revierten a un estadio progenitor en un mecanismo de reprogramación dependiente de los niveles de expresión del factor de transcripción Sox2. En relación al origen embrionario de las SKPs de la dermis del tronco, las cuales fueron relacionadas con un origen mesodérmico (trazadas de linaje por Myf5-CreSor y Dermo1-Cre), se demuestra que las células de Schwann dérmicas no pertenecen al linaje celular Myf5+ (presuntamente originadas en el dermomiotomo) y que la activación del promotor Myf5 en el constructo Myf5-CreSor no sucede exclusivamente en linajes celulares derivados del dermomiotomo.El rasgo clínico más característico de la Neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1) es el desarrollo de tumores benignos denominados neurofibromas, en los que predominan las células de Schwann que han inactivado los dos alelos del gen NF1 (NF1-/-). La caracterización de neurofibromas dérmicos procedentes de pacientes con NF1 revela un aumento en la expresión de marcadores de desdiferenciación, propios de células de Schwann activadas en respuesta a daño. Así, de acuerdo con el origen propuesto para este tipo d

333 p., El estudio de la miogénesis y de diversas enfermedades neuromusculares requiere generalmente el uso de técnicas in vitro, idealmente de cultivos primarios tridimensionales.En esta tesis, se ha identificado la población de precursores miogénicos de la piel como la de las células satélite del panículo carnoso, se ha propuesto un sistema de aislamiento y cultivo tridimensional para expandir y obtener una diferenciación miogénica de dichas células in vitro, y se ha evaluado su potencial regenerativo in vivo.Asimismo, se ha trasladado este sistema de cultivo y diferenciación celular a biopsias de músculo cremáster humano analizando su potencial miogénico tanto in vitro como in vivo y mostrando así las primeras evidencias de su aplicabilidad en futuras terapias celulares.Por último, se ha estudiado el papel fisiológico del panículo carnoso y se propone su idoneidad para el estudio de diversos procesos biológicos relevantes como la cicatrización o la incorporación de células derivadas de la médula ósea donante tras un trasplante.