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Studien har undersökt upplevelsen av att vara anhörig till frihetsberövade samt utforskat anhörigas tillgång till stöd. Vidare har studien undersökt huruvida anhöriga upplever ett krav att bidra till den frihetsberövades återanpassning i samhället. I den tidigare forskningen som presenteras i studien beskrivs det att anhöriga till frihetsberövande kan drabbas av bland annat försämrad ekonomi, stigmatisering och stress. Bland den tidigare forskningen finns det en avsaknad av studier som undersöker detta ämne utifrån en svensk kontext, framförallt rörande vuxna anhöriga. Detta kan indikera på en kunskapslucka inom det svenska forskningsfältet och ämnet kan därför behöva utforskas i syfte att uppmärksamma målgruppens behov. För att genomföra denna studie har en kvalitativ metod tillämpats och fem intervjuer har genomförts som har utgått från en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Utifrån intervjuerna har en tematisk analys utförts i syfte att framföra studiens resultat. Respondenternas svar har tolkats utifrån Foucaults teori om makt, Goffmans beskrivning av stigma och begreppet skam. I resultatet framkommer det bland annat att anhöriga till frihetsberövade upplever skam och krav på att bidra till den frihetsberövades återanpassning i samhället. Anhöriga upplever också att Kriminalvård och Socialtjänst bemöter dem illa vilket har genererat en negativ syn på svenska myndigheter, This study aims to investigate the impact on relatives of incarcerated individuals, as well as the availability of support services for these relatives. Additionally, the study explores whether relatives feel a sense of responsibility to contribute to the reintegration of the incarcerated individual into society. To conduct this research, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with relatives who currently have incarcerated close ones. The findings have been analyzed using shame and stigma, as well as Foucault's theory of power. Results indicate that relatives experience changes in their financial situation, feel pressure to provide support to the incarcerated one to prevent them from relapse, and often face canceled visitations. Moreover, many respondents have expressed negative views towards the justice system due to their ill treatment. Social media serves as a support system for the majority of respondents, although there is also a presence of shame and stigma within the target group in other contexts. The motivation behind studying this topic is because of the lack of research on relatives of incarcerated individuals within the Swedish context. Additionally, there is a hope that by raising this issue, relatives can actively participate in the reintegration process for their incarcerated relatives, resulting in increased well-being for both parts

De anhörigas perspektiv av ett frihetsberövande är i stor utsträckning av forskning förbisedd trots den ökande kriminaliteten i samhället. Syftet med studien är således att undersöka hur en individ påverkas av att vara anhörig till en frihetsberövad genom att granska den anhörigas livssituation. Livssituationen inbegriper sysselsättning, ekonomi, bemötande från andra samt relationer. Studien grundar sig i en kvalitativ metodansats med ett målstyrt urval bestående av nio mödrar, systrar och kvinnliga partners till de frihetsberövade. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Studiens resultat belyser den påverkan som ett frihetsberövade har på anhörigas livssituation. Flertalet anhöriga vittnade om förändrade relationer inom familjen, till den frihetsberövade eller till sina vänner. Gällande ekonomi förklarade ett antal frihetsberövade att deras ekonomi hade förbättrats medan andra såg sin ekonomi som försämrad. Några personer förklarade att frihetsberövandet hade fört med sig nya utgifter. Studiens slutsats är således att ett frihetsberövade påverkar relationer, dock varierar omfattningen. Påverkan på vänskapsrelationer är liten eller obefintlig medan familjerelationer kan drabbas av konflikter och splittringar. Samtidigt kan både familjerelationerna och relationen till den frihetsberövade förbättras. Besök samt brev- och telefonkontakt är väsentligt för att upprätthålla kontakten med den frihetsberövade. Anhörigas ekonomiska beror ofta på ändrade livsförhållanden, påverkan på sysselsättning eller nya utgifter. Eventuella fördomar mot anhöriga till frihetsberövade kommer från media och sociala medier, inte från vänner eller familj., Relatives to incarcerated individuals are an overlooked group in the research despite today's increasing number of crimes in society. This study aims to investigate how a person is affected by being a relative to an incarcerated individual by reviewing the relative's life situation. The life situation embraces employment, finance, treatment from others, and relationships. This study establishes a qualitative approach with a goal-directed selection consisting of nine mothers, sisters, and female partners to the prisoners. The empirical material has been analyzed through a hermeneutic perspective. The results of the study highlight the impact that deprivation of liberty has on the life situation of relatives. Several relatives reported changes in relationships within the family, with the individual deprived of their liberty, or with their friends. Regarding the economy, some individuals deprived of their liberty explained that their economic situation had improved while others saw theirs as deteriorating. Some individuals explained that deprivation of liberty had brought new expenses. The conclusion of the study is therefore that deprivation of liberty affects relationships, though the extent varies. The impact on friendships is minimal or non-existent, while family relationships may suffer from conflicts and divisions. At the same time, both family relationships and the relationship with the individual deprived of their liberty can improve. Visits, as well as letters and phone contact, are essential to maintain contact with the individual deprived of their liberty. The financial situation of relatives often depends on changed life circumstances, impact on employment, or new expenses. Any prejudices against relatives of those deprived of their liberty come from the media and social media, not from friends or family.

De anhörigas perspektiv av ett frihetsberövande är i stor utsträckning av forskning förbisedd trots den ökande kriminaliteten i samhället. Syftet med studien är således att undersöka hur en individ påverkas av att vara anhörig till en frihetsberövad genom att granska den anhörigas livssituation. Livssituationen inbegriper sysselsättning, ekonomi, bemötande från andra samt relationer. Studien grundar sig i en kvalitativ metodansats med ett målstyrt urval bestående av nio mödrar, systrar och kvinnliga partners till de frihetsberövade. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Studiens resultat belyser den påverkan som ett frihetsberövade har på anhörigas livssituation. Flertalet anhöriga vittnade om förändrade relationer inom familjen, till den frihetsberövade eller till sina vänner. Gällande ekonomi förklarade ett antal frihetsberövade att deras ekonomi hade förbättrats medan andra såg sin ekonomi som försämrad. Några personer förklarade att frihetsberövandet hade fört med sig nya utgifter. Studiens slutsats är således att ett frihetsberövade påverkar relationer, dock varierar omfattningen. Påverkan på vänskapsrelationer är liten eller obefintlig medan familjerelationer kan drabbas av konflikter och splittringar. Samtidigt kan både familjerelationerna och relationen till den frihetsberövade förbättras. Besök samt brev- och telefonkontakt är väsentligt för att upprätthålla kontakten med den frihetsberövade. Anhörigas ekonomiska beror ofta på ändrade livsförhållanden, påverkan på sysselsättning eller nya utgifter. Eventuella fördomar mot anhöriga till frihetsberövade kommer från media och sociala medier, inte från vänner eller familj., Relatives to incarcerated individuals are an overlooked group in the research despite today's increasing number of crimes in society. This study aims to investigate how a person is affected by being a relative to an incarcerated individual by reviewing the relative's life situation. The life situation embraces employment, finance, treatment from others, and relationships. This study establishes a qualitative approach with a goal-directed selection consisting of nine mothers, sisters, and female partners to the prisoners. The empirical material has been analyzed through a hermeneutic perspective. The results of the study highlight the impact that deprivation of liberty has on the life situation of relatives. Several relatives reported changes in relationships within the family, with the individual deprived of their liberty, or with their friends. Regarding the economy, some individuals deprived of their liberty explained that their economic situation had improved while others saw theirs as deteriorating. Some individuals explained that deprivation of liberty had brought new expenses. The conclusion of the study is therefore that deprivation of liberty affects relationships, though the extent varies. The impact on friendships is minimal or non-existent, while family relationships may suffer from conflicts and divisions. At the same time, both family relationships and the relationship with the individual deprived of their liberty can improve. Visits, as well as letters and phone contact, are essential to maintain contact with the individual deprived of their liberty. The financial situation of relatives often depends on changed life circumstances, impact on employment, or new expenses. Any prejudices against relatives of those deprived of their liberty come from the media and social media, not from friends or family.

Studien har undersökt upplevelsen av att vara anhörig till frihetsberövade samt utforskat anhörigas tillgång till stöd. Vidare har studien undersökt huruvida anhöriga upplever ett krav att bidra till den frihetsberövades återanpassning i samhället. I den tidigare forskningen som presenteras i studien beskrivs det att anhöriga till frihetsberövande kan drabbas av bland annat försämrad ekonomi, stigmatisering och stress. Bland den tidigare forskningen finns det en avsaknad av studier som undersöker detta ämne utifrån en svensk kontext, framförallt rörande vuxna anhöriga. Detta kan indikera på en kunskapslucka inom det svenska forskningsfältet och ämnet kan därför behöva utforskas i syfte att uppmärksamma målgruppens behov. För att genomföra denna studie har en kvalitativ metod tillämpats och fem intervjuer har genomförts som har utgått från en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Utifrån intervjuerna har en tematisk analys utförts i syfte att framföra studiens resultat. Respondenternas svar har tolkats utifrån Foucaults teori om makt, Goffmans beskrivning av stigma och begreppet skam. I resultatet framkommer det bland annat att anhöriga till frihetsberövade upplever skam och krav på att bidra till den frihetsberövades återanpassning i samhället. Anhöriga upplever också att Kriminalvård och Socialtjänst bemöter dem illa vilket har genererat en negativ syn på svenska myndigheter, This study aims to investigate the impact on relatives of incarcerated individuals, as well as the availability of support services for these relatives. Additionally, the study explores whether relatives feel a sense of responsibility to contribute to the reintegration of the incarcerated individual into society. To conduct this research, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with relatives who currently have incarcerated close ones. The findings have been analyzed using shame and stigma, as well as Foucault's theory of power. Results indicate that relatives experience changes in their financial situation, feel pressure to provide support to the incarcerated one to prevent them from relapse, and often face canceled visitations. Moreover, many respondents have expressed negative views towards the justice system due to their ill treatment. Social media serves as a support system for the majority of respondents, although there is also a presence of shame and stigma within the target group in other contexts. The motivation behind studying this topic is because of the lack of research on relatives of incarcerated individuals within the Swedish context. Additionally, there is a hope that by raising this issue, relatives can actively participate in the reintegration process for their incarcerated relatives, resulting in increased well-being for both parts

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to interpret the experience of resilience in teachers in juvenile corrections facilities. The theory guiding this study is the self-determination theory, which Richard Ryan and Edward Deci developed. Self-determination theory is a means to understand human motivation. The methodology to be used is a hermeneutic phenomenological approach using interviews, exhibit scenarios, and a journal reflection prompt from 13 voluntary participants of teachers and former teachers with experience in long-term juvenile corrections facilities from around the United States. Although the education field has challenges in any setting, the challenges specific to working in a long-term secure corrections facility housing teenage youth were the primary focus of this study. All data were analyzed using the hermeneutic circle in which the whole was interpreted through the individual parts, and the individual parts were interpreted through the whole, allowing for the preunderstandings of the researcher to be used to build a horizon between the past and the present. The participants revealed many unique challenges to their environment, including educational gaps, the need for safety, and the importance of building relationships with their students. The participants revealed their ability to build resilience by reflecting on their calling for their job, belief in a higher power, strong desire to help their students, and practicing self-care. The interpretations of the data collected showed that teachers had to build resilience continuously to avoid burnout, they held a passion for helping their students over their passion for teaching, and they thrived on the extra challenges of the juvenile correction facility.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka erfarenheter hos föräldrar till personer som sitter i fängelse eller är frigivna. Studien har utgått ifrån ett induktivt förhållningssätt och metoden som har använts är allmän litteraturöversikt med inriktning mot Scoping Review. Empirin utgörs av 19 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar och dessa har analyserats genom en tematisk analys, vilket resulterade i tre huvudteman. Det första huvudtemat är Genuspräglat föräldraskap, där underteman som Mödrarnas mammaplikt, Genuspräglat skuld och skam och Fädernas icke plikt framkommer. Det andra huvudtemat är Missnöje med rättssystemet, där underteman som Frustration utifrån brist på information och Känslan av maktlöshet och marginalisering identifieras. Det tredje huvudtemat är Strategier och stödbehov, där underteman som Sätt att hantera situationen och Avsaknad av stöd beskrivs. Det teoretiska ramverket som använts för att förstå dessa teman är främst Goffmans teori om stigma och idéer från den genusvetenskapliga forskningen. Denna studie redogör för vad forskningen säger om de erfarenheter en förälder till en fängslad person upplever och hur dessa erfarenheter påverkar förälderns livssituation. En slutsats i uppsatsen är att föräldrar till fängslade eller frigivna personer är en sårbar grupp som är viktig att synliggöra inom det sociala arbetet och bör omfattas av det sociala arbetets praktik., This study aims to examine experiences of parents of incarcerated people or people who have been released. This study is based on an inductive approach and the method that has been used is a general literature review with a focus towards a Scoping Review. The empirical material consists of 19 qualitative scientific articles and these have been analyzed through a thematic analysis, which resulted in three main themes. The first main theme is Gendered parenting, including the sub-themes Mothers' maternal duty, Gendered guilt and shame and Fathers' non-duty. The second main theme is Dissatisfaction with the legal system, including the sub-themes Frustration based on lack of information and Feeling of powerlessness and marginalization. The third main theme is Strategies and support needs, including the sub-themes Ways of handling the situation and Lack of support. The theoretical framework used to understand these themes is primarily Goffman's theory of stigma and ideas from gender studies research. This study reports on what the research says about the experiences as a parent of an incarcerated person and how these experiences affect the parent's life situation. A conclusion in the essay is that parents of incarcerated or released persons are a vulnerable group that is important to make visible within social work and should be included in the practice of social work.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka erfarenheter hos föräldrar till personer som sitter i fängelse eller är frigivna. Studien har utgått ifrån ett induktivt förhållningssätt och metoden som har använts är allmän litteraturöversikt med inriktning mot Scoping Review. Empirin utgörs av 19 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar och dessa har analyserats genom en tematisk analys, vilket resulterade i tre huvudteman. Det första huvudtemat är Genuspräglat föräldraskap, där underteman som Mödrarnas mammaplikt, Genuspräglat skuld och skam och Fädernas icke plikt framkommer. Det andra huvudtemat är Missnöje med rättssystemet, där underteman som Frustration utifrån brist på information och Känslan av maktlöshet och marginalisering identifieras. Det tredje huvudtemat är Strategier och stödbehov, där underteman som Sätt att hantera situationen och Avsaknad av stöd beskrivs. Det teoretiska ramverket som använts för att förstå dessa teman är främst Goffmans teori om stigma och idéer från den genusvetenskapliga forskningen. Denna studie redogör för vad forskningen säger om de erfarenheter en förälder till en fängslad person upplever och hur dessa erfarenheter påverkar förälderns livssituation. En slutsats i uppsatsen är att föräldrar till fängslade eller frigivna personer är en sårbar grupp som är viktig att synliggöra inom det sociala arbetet och bör omfattas av det sociala arbetets praktik., This study aims to examine experiences of parents of incarcerated people or people who have been released. This study is based on an inductive approach and the method that has been used is a general literature review with a focus towards a Scoping Review. The empirical material consists of 19 qualitative scientific articles and these have been analyzed through a thematic analysis, which resulted in three main themes. The first main theme is Gendered parenting, including the sub-themes Mothers' maternal duty, Gendered guilt and shame and Fathers' non-duty. The second main theme is Dissatisfaction with the legal system, including the sub-themes Frustration based on lack of information and Feeling of powerlessness and marginalization. The third main theme is Strategies and support needs, including the sub-themes Ways of handling the situation and Lack of support. The theoretical framework used to understand these themes is primarily Goffman's theory of stigma and ideas from gender studies research. This study reports on what the research says about the experiences as a parent of an incarcerated person and how these experiences affect the parent's life situation. A conclusion in the essay is that parents of incarcerated or released persons are a vulnerable group that is important to make visible within social work and should be included in the practice of social work.

My research focuses on incarcerated women. Specifically, their contribution to the Prisoners' Rights Movement in the 1960s and the 1970s. I explain why convicted women are disregarded in society and how their status allows them to be overlooked by scholars. In addition, I give three examples of incarcerated women protesting for basic human rights all across the United States.

The Amyand hernia was described by Claudius Amyand in 1735 and is currently con-sidered a rare entity that occurs in 1 % of all inguinal hernias in adults. This pathology consists of the finding of a rare presentation of hernias, where the cecal appendix is located within the inguinal hernial sac, without inflammatory characteristics in most cases. Evidently, a key concept associated with the hernia in question is acute appen-dicitis or also known as the most frequent surgical abdominal pathology predominantly in young people with a lifetime incidence of 7 %, presenting in patients over 60 years of age in a 5-10 % of cases. In the present review, we report the case of a male in the ninth decade of life who comes to a hospital with a symptomatic inguinal hernia, with signs of incarceration and associated intestinal obstruction, with intraoperative finding of Amyand hernia type 3 in the Losanoff and Basson classification, constituting a rare case of incarcerated Amyand hernia., La hernia de Amyand fue descrita por Claudius Amyand en 1735, y actualmente se considera una entidad poco frecuente que ocurre en 1 % de las hernias inguinales en adultos. Consiste rn una rara presentación, en la que el apéndice cecal está dentro del saco herniario inguinal. Evidentemente, un concepto clave en la hernia en cuestión es la apendicitis aguda, como la enfermedad abdominal quirúrgica más común de predo-minio en edad joven, con incidencia del 7 %, presentándose en mayores de 60 años en un 5-10 % de los casos, siendo la patología más frecuente capaz de provocar abdomen agudo. En la presente revisión, reportamos el caso de un hombre en la novena década de vida que acude a un centro hospitalario, en curso de una hernia inguinal, con signos de encarcelamiento y obstrucción intestinal, con hallazgo intraoperatorio de hernia de Amyand tipo 3, constituyendo un excepcional reto quirúrgico.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

AIMS: We sought to gather experts perspectives on Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry to identify high-yield policy solutions to improve the health of justice-involved individuals in the United States. SUBJECT AND METHODS: We interviewed 28 experts at the intersection of Medicaid and criminal justice via telephone between November 2018 and April 2019. Interviewees included Medicaid administrators, health and justice officials, policy makers, and health policy researchers. We performed thematic analysis of semi-structured interview transcripts to identify emergent themes and distill policy recommendations. RESULTS: Three themes emerged: 1) Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry contribute to poor health outcomes and recidivism, 2) Excessive burden on justice-involved people to re-activate Medicaid leads to coverage gaps, and 3) Scalable policy solutions exist to eliminate Medicaid coverage gaps during reentry. Policy recommendations centered on ending the federal inmate exclusion, delaying Medicaid de-activation at intake, and promoting re-activation by reentry. Experts viewed coverage gaps as problematic, viewed current approaches as inefficient and burdensome to families and systems, and recommended several policy solutions. CONCLUSION: By pursuing strategies to eliminate Medicaid gaps during reentry, policymakers can improve health outcomes and efficiency of government spending on healthcare, and may reduce cycles of incarceration.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

Invited presentation for the Correctional Services Literacy and Reading Symposium, Drakenstein Correctional Centre, Western Cape, South Africa.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The incarcerated hernia is a consequence of continuous inflammation of the hernial sac that prevents the return of the herniated structure to its site of origin, causing damage to the venous return and lymphatic system of the viscera, in turn progressive and permanent compression affects arterial circulation. total, producing ischemia and/or necrosis that can even lead to peritonitis (strangulated hernia). The methodology used for this research work is part of a bibliographic review of documentary type, since we are going to deal with issues raised at a theoretical level such as Surgical treatment of in-carcerated hernia in pediatric patients. The technique for data collection is made up of electronic materials, the latter such as Google Scholar, PubMed, among others, relying on the use of descriptors in health sciences or MESH terminology. The information obtained here will be reviewed for further analysis. Incarceration is one of the complications of inguinal hernias that can occur in up to 25% despite the fact that hernias have a low incidence between 1-4% and within these they can occur up to 30% in premature births . The clinic of the incarcerated hernia usually presents irritation, intermittent or con-tinuous colicky pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and abdominal distension. The diagnosis is made by physical examination, supplemented by laboratory tests (CBC) and imaging tests such as simple abdominal X-ray, as for the treatment is usually surgical by means of laparoscopic repair combined with appendectomy, if the appendix is inflamed., La hernia incarcerada es consecuencia de inflamación continua del saco herniario que impide el regreso de la estructura herniada a su sitio de origen, ocasionando daños en el retorno venoso y sistema linfático de la víscera, a su vez la com-presión progresiva y permanente afecta la circulación arterial total, produciendo isquemia y/o necrosis que incluso puede llegar a peritonitis (hernia estrangulada). La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enmarca dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Tratamiento quirúrgico de hernia incarcerada en paciente pediátrico. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros, apoyándose para ello en el uso de descriptores en ciencias de la salud o terminología MESH. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. La incarceración es una de las complicaciones de las hernias inguinales que se pueden presentar hasta en un 25% a pesar de que las hernias, tienen una baja incidencia entre 1-4% y dentro de estos se pueden presentar hasta un 30% en nacimientos prematuros. La clínica de la hernia incarcerada suele presentar irritación, dolor tipo cólico intermitente o continuo, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y distensión abdominal. El diagnostico se realiza mediante la exploración física, complementada por exámenes de laboratorio (Hemograma) y pruebas de imágenes como radiografía simple de abdomen, en cuanto al tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico por medio de reparación laparoscopia combinada con apendicetomía, si el apéndice esta inflamado.

The growing rate of individuals being incarcerated is an ongoing concern within the United States, and more so with an increase in recidivism rates. Shame and guilt are two forms of emotions that can occur due to multiple factors that could influence recidivism. Each emotion can have a different effect on an individual depending on the incident that occurred. Jails and prisons have been seen as a lucrative business that fails to provide the necessary services to reduce recidivism. Counseling could be utilized as an intervention for individuals who are currently or previously incarcerated. Having counseling in place can help to reduce recidivism rates and identify the levels associated with shame and guilt. Counseling can assist incarcerated individuals to process their thoughts, feelings, emotions, and possible trauma in addition to reducing shame proneness and guilt-proneness. Furthermore, counseling can assist with successful reintegration back into society. The focus of this research was to examine the relationship between shame proneness and guilt-proneness, counseling, and recidivism in incarcerated individuals. The results showed both hypotheses in this research were unfounded; there was some significance but not enough to show a predictive relationship between the independent variable (shame proneness and guilt-proneness) and the dependent variable (counseling and recidivism).

Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in the criminal justice system, with individuals who identify as Hispanic or Latinx accounting for over 40% of those incarcerated in U.S. federal prisons. Extant research on the psychological impacts of incarceration and their potential impacts on the reintegration experiences and successes of formerly incarcerated individuals is limited, and even less research specifically focuses on individuals who are Latinx and formerly incarcerated. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the literature on the psychological effects of incarceration on reintegration for Latinx individuals, as well as explore the potential role that culture and psychological factors play in formerly incarcerated Latinxs’ efforts to reintegrate. Using a qualitative, interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) method, the following study presents findings from interviews with five formerly incarcerated Latinx individuals. Results are presented as individual participant narratives and later organized into themes, which include: (1) Psychological Impacts of Incarceration, (2) Effects on Reintegration, (3) Experiences with Support Services, and (4) Role of Cultural and Social Identities. Findings suggest that the psychological impacts of incarceration are individually and interpersonally constructed, through the lenses of culture and identity. Discussion of findings, suggestions for future research, as well as the implications of findings for clinicians, educators and advocates, are discussed.

Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in the criminal justice system, with individuals who identify as Hispanic or Latinx accounting for over 40% of those incarcerated in U.S. federal prisons. Extant research on the psychological impacts of incarceration and their potential impacts on the reintegration experiences and successes of formerly incarcerated individuals is limited, and even less research specifically focuses on individuals who are Latinx and formerly incarcerated. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the literature on the psychological effects of incarceration on reintegration for Latinx individuals, as well as explore the potential role that culture and psychological factors play in formerly incarcerated Latinxs’ efforts to reintegrate. Using a qualitative, interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) method, the following study presents findings from interviews with five formerly incarcerated Latinx individuals. Results are presented as individual participant narratives and later organized into themes, which include: (1) Psychological Impacts of Incarceration, (2) Effects on Reintegration, (3) Experiences with Support Services, and (4) Role of Cultural and Social Identities. Findings suggest that the psychological impacts of incarceration are individually and interpersonally constructed, through the lenses of culture and identity. Discussion of findings, suggestions for future research, as well as the implications of findings for clinicians, educators and advocates, are discussed.

The study explored recidivism as a lived experience among the youth incarcerated at Polokwane Secure Care Centre in Polokwane, Limpopo Province. The study focused on describing the subjective meanings that recidivist youth attach to their behaviour and established what the youth consider to be the causes of their recidivist behaviour. Furthermore, the study explored what the youth perceive as possible interventions to reduce recidivism. A total of six participants (all males; aged between 16 and 18) were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected using semi structured interviews. Thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. The six major themes that emerged during data analysis were; a) labelling; b) peer pressure; c) substance abuse; d) socialisation; e) conduct disorder; and f) self discipline and constructive activities. The findings of the study suggest that various factors contribute to recidivism including the use of substances; parenting styles as well as peer pressure. Furthermore, the findings showed that behavioural problems including criminal behaviour in the youth, may be due to being labelled as a criminal or Conduct Disorder. The findings further suggest the influence the environment has on the youth, and how being socialised in an environment that emphasises a fancy lifestyle may contribute to the youth engaging in criminal activities to meet the standards of that particular environment. The findings further suggest that self discipline and of constructive activities may help to reduce recidivism among the youth. The study is concluded by, among others, recommending that psychological services be widely available to communities which will allow the youth to have easy access to such services. This may assist them in dealing with issues such as their experiences within the households (such as abuse) and how to better manage/ control their emotions as opposed to responding aggressively.

This thesis reviews the experience of pregnancy in prisons; pregnancy in bonding, attachment, and attunement; and pregnancy in dance movement therapy. Every woman deserves the help and guidance to connect with their baby as much as possible: during pregnancy and after. For women whom are incarcerated, the time to connect is shortened. For most women, they do not have access to their babies after delivery. I have researched the living conditions for women who are pregnant while incarcerated; this includes accommodations, possible health risks, and programs set up for pregnant women. Also researched is the importance to have connections made to baby while pregnant; specifically attunement and bonding. The calming womb technique from family therapy is able to provide tools for mother to use. Dance movement therapy uses verbal and nonverbal tools to attune and bond with their baby also to form this unit. It can aid in the bonding and attunement process through techniques and tools taught to mother during pregnancy. Using tension-flow rhythms from Kestenberg Movement Profile to help attune to their baby’s rhythms in utero can help reduce mother’s anxiety before meeting her baby. Shape-flow rhythms can help alleviate tension on mother’s body and give space for her baby to grow. After birth, dance movement therapy should continue. It can continue to help the bonding process and future attachment style between mother and baby.

The United States incarcerates a larger percentage of its population than any other country in the world. Women are entering prison at higher rates than men in recent years, especially Black women, who are underrepresented in the criminal justice literature. Very little is known about formerly incarcerated Black women, who experience unique sociocultural challenges such as disproportionate rates of mental health issues, gendered racism, intimate partner violence, and recidivism to prison. This study examined how social support and racial centrality played a role in challenges faced by a sample of 54 formerly incarcerated Black women living in a large metropolitan city in the mid-Atlantic. Two multiple hierarchical regressions were used to explore whether social support and racial centrality moderated the relationship between gendered racism and depression. There was no evidence to indicate that racial centrality predicted depression or acted as a moderator between gendered racism and depression. However, social support was found to moderate the relationship between the variables. Implications for practice and future directions are discussed.

Women in the Province of Manitoba are discharged daily from provincial jails back to their communities after an interruption in their lives of anywhere from days to years. Many of these women cycle in and out of jail on a regular basis. This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the daily lifeworlds of re-imprisoned women during their return to the community. Twelve women (nine Aboriginal, three Caucasian) were interviewed. Analysis of the study themes using van Manen’s existentials: temporality, spatiality, relationality, and corporeality revealed the complex multi-systemic issues that affect women’s lived experiences. The essence of the women’s accounts provides some insight into how the role of intergenerational, personal trauma and accumulated trauma impacted their lived experiences and continues to do so when they re-enter the community. The opportunities and options that women had to make positive life changes were obscured by insidious barriers and challenges impairing their ability to avoid re-imprisonment.

Women in the Province of Manitoba are discharged daily from provincial jails back to their communities after an interruption in their lives of anywhere from days to years. Many of these women cycle in and out of jail on a regular basis. This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the daily lifeworlds of re-imprisoned women during their return to the community. Twelve women (nine Aboriginal, three Caucasian) were interviewed. Analysis of the study themes using van Manen’s existentials: temporality, spatiality, relationality, and corporeality revealed the complex multi-systemic issues that affect women’s lived experiences. The essence of the women’s accounts provides some insight into how the role of intergenerational, personal trauma and accumulated trauma impacted their lived experiences and continues to do so when they re-enter the community. The opportunities and options that women had to make positive life changes were obscured by insidious barriers and challenges impairing their ability to avoid re-imprisonment.

Spigelian hernias are uncommon lateral ventral wall hernias with a significant rate of incarceration; these hernias often produce nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms as well as elusive imaging findings. Although there are reported cases of incarcerated appendices within Spigelian hernias, this case specifically illustrates the diagnostic difficulty these hernias present to both surgeons and radiologists. Additionally, we discuss important anatomy, demographics and risk factors, clinical symptoms, imaging pitfalls and recommendations for repair based on a review of literature.

Women in the Province of Manitoba are discharged daily from provincial jails back to their communities after an interruption in their lives of anywhere from days to years. Many of these women cycle in and out of jail on a regular basis. This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the daily lifeworlds of re-imprisoned women during their return to the community. Twelve women (nine Aboriginal, three Caucasian) were interviewed. Analysis of the study themes using van Manen’s existentials: temporality, spatiality, relationality, and corporeality revealed the complex multi-systemic issues that affect women’s lived experiences. The essence of the women’s accounts provides some insight into how the role of intergenerational, personal trauma and accumulated trauma impacted their lived experiences and continues to do so when they re-enter the community. The opportunities and options that women had to make positive life changes were obscured by insidious barriers and challenges impairing their ability to avoid re-imprisonment.

Women in the Province of Manitoba are discharged daily from provincial jails back to their communities after an interruption in their lives of anywhere from days to years. Many of these women cycle in and out of jail on a regular basis. This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the daily lifeworlds of re-imprisoned women during their return to the community. Twelve women (nine Aboriginal, three Caucasian) were interviewed. Analysis of the study themes using van Manen’s existentials: temporality, spatiality, relationality, and corporeality revealed the complex multi-systemic issues that affect women’s lived experiences. The essence of the women’s accounts provides some insight into how the role of intergenerational, personal trauma and accumulated trauma impacted their lived experiences and continues to do so when they re-enter the community. The opportunities and options that women had to make positive life changes were obscured by insidious barriers and challenges impairing their ability to avoid re-imprisonment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of ADHD and psychiatric comorbidity, including substance use in incarcerated women. Method: This was a cross-sectional study, consisting of two parts: (a) screening using the ADHD Self-Rating Scale (ASRS) and (b) diagnostic assessment using a structured interview. Results: A sample of 96 incarcerated women was screened and 56 underwent the diagnostic assessment. Twenty-nine percent of the women met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD in the diagnostic assessment. Forty-four of the women had misuse of alcohol, and 83% had misuse of narcotics the year prior to the incarceration. The ASRS showed sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 0.66. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of ADHD in incarcerated women was high and comparable to that in male offenders. Illicit stimulant use and antisocial personality disorder were significantly more common in women with ADHD. ASRS is useful as a screener in this population.

Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka hur den ideella föreningen Bryggan och Kriminalvården ger stöd till barn med frihetsberövade föräldrar. Vi ville undersöka hur de yrkesverksamma tar barnets bästa i beaktning och hur de använder och definierar begreppet “barnperspektiv” i sin verksamhet. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod genom fem intervjuer med yrkesverksamma inom Bryggan och Kriminalvården. Analysen av materialet gjordes med empowerment som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att Bryggan och Kriminalvården definierar barnperspektiv på olika sätt, men att de båda verksamheterna har en ambition att ha ett bra bemötande i möte med barnen. Som ideell organisation jobbar Bryggan mer direkt med barnen och kan då i större grad tillgodose deras behov jämfört med Kriminalvården som begränsas av lagar och regler., The purpose of this study was to explore how the non-profit organization Bryggan and The Prison and Probation Service support children with incarcerated parents. We wanted to research how the professionals in these organizations have the best interest of the child at hand, and how they use and define “children’s perspective” in their daily work. The qualitative study involved interviewing professionals that worked in the chosen organizations. The analysis was made with empowerment as the theoretical frame of reference. The result of the study shows that Bryggan and the prison service define “children’s perspective” differently. However both organizations aim to meet the children with a good treatment. As a non-profit organization, Bryggan works more towards the children, and can therefore satisfy their needs in a greater extent than the prison service, which are more bound by laws and rules.

Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka hur den ideella föreningen Bryggan och Kriminalvården ger stöd till barn med frihetsberövade föräldrar. Vi ville undersöka hur de yrkesverksamma tar barnets bästa i beaktning och hur de använder och definierar begreppet “barnperspektiv” i sin verksamhet. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod genom fem intervjuer med yrkesverksamma inom Bryggan och Kriminalvården. Analysen av materialet gjordes med empowerment som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att Bryggan och Kriminalvården definierar barnperspektiv på olika sätt, men att de båda verksamheterna har en ambition att ha ett bra bemötande i möte med barnen. Som ideell organisation jobbar Bryggan mer direkt med barnen och kan då i större grad tillgodose deras behov jämfört med Kriminalvården som begränsas av lagar och regler., The purpose of this study was to explore how the non-profit organization Bryggan and The Prison and Probation Service support children with incarcerated parents. We wanted to research how the professionals in these organizations have the best interest of the child at hand, and how they use and define “children’s perspective” in their daily work. The qualitative study involved interviewing professionals that worked in the chosen organizations. The analysis was made with empowerment as the theoretical frame of reference. The result of the study shows that Bryggan and the prison service define “children’s perspective” differently. However both organizations aim to meet the children with a good treatment. As a non-profit organization, Bryggan works more towards the children, and can therefore satisfy their needs in a greater extent than the prison service, which are more bound by laws and rules.

Change talk' refers to client statements in favor of changing a particular target behavior. In individual motivational interviewing (MI) psychotherapy sessions, change talk is a predictor of eventual change for a variety of target behaviors. Growing evidence points to change talk as a potential causal mechanism of that treatment, but it remains unclear whether it might underlie the efficacy of group-delivered MI as well. Group-delivered MI and its adaptations have been employed widely across treatment settings and target behaviors; however, such groups are relatively unstudied, they have varied considerably in their elements and delivery, and their outcomes have shown mixed results. Identifying and implementing the active ingredients of group-delivered MI interventions could increase treatment efficiency. This study sought to understand whether change talk, in combination with other theoretically relevant variables, might explain the efficacy of a group Motivational Enhancement Therapy (gMET) intervention known to be associated with reductions in risky sex behaviors. A secondary analysis of audio-recordings from Project MARS captured the in-session language of a diverse sample of 200 detained adolescents within 58 gMET interventions, which was reduced to 45 participants within 27 groups after exclusions. Recordings were sequentially coded for change talk and other client and clinician behaviors using an adaptation of the MISC 2.5 coding system and CACTI software. Multiple regression analyses used group-level change talk, client sex, and baseline questionnaire scores to predict clients' individual and group-averaged safer-sex behaviors at three-month follow-up. Safer-sex behaviors were measured by two composite variables of items from the Sexual History Questionnaire (Risky Sex Index and Safer Sex). Three of four full models were statistically significant, but only baseline questionnaire scores were significant predictors of those three-month scores and not change ta

This study examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Antisocial Process Screening Device-Self-Report (APSD-SR), the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI), and the YPI-Short Version (YPI-SV) in detained female adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. The proposed three-factor structure of the YPI and YPI-SV was replicated, whereas the proposed three-factor structure of the APSD-SR or alternate models did not yield adequate fit. Overall, reliability indices for the YPI and YPI-SV were higher than those reported for the APSD-SR. APSD-SR and YPI scales were positively related with each other, except the affective dimensions of the instruments. All questionnaires showed good criterion validity but the YPI's factor structure and reliability was superior to the APSD-SR. This superiority is not because of the larger number of items in the YPI, because we also demonstrated that the factor structure and reliability of the YPI-SV was better than that of the APSD-SR.

Prior literature has focused on studying low income or incarcerated fathers from a deficit perspective. For example, there is ample evidence showing that high risk behaviors are associated with children who have non-custodial fathers and about mothers' perspectives on father absence. However, there is still a lack of literature about how these fathers experience agency to take control and make change in their lives in spite of the barriers they face. I conduct a secondary analysis of life history interviews of 40 fathers in a work release program. The theoretical framework that guides this study is narrative inquiry, using sensitizing concepts from McAdams' (2001) four themes of agency: self mastery, status/victory, achievement/responsibility, and empowerment. Out of McAdams' four themes, self mastery and achievement/responsibility were the most prominent themes of agency. Additional emergent themes of agency are found in fathers' life history narratives.

The aim of this study is to look into the correctional system’s work with parent ship of incarcerated mothers and fathers from a gender perspective. It is a qualitative study and two interviews have been done with employees from a prison for women and one interview from a prison for men. Two interviews have been done with two former incarcerated parents, one mother and one father. One interview has also been done with an organization which gives children with incarcerated parents support and an opportunity to meet other children in the same situation. They also give incarcerated parents support in the contact with their children. The results of the study imply that the correctional system has the same theoretical approach when working with incarcerated mothers and fathers. It is obvious that when it comes to attitudes and presumptions about parent ship, there are differences based on a gender perspective. This affects the practical work with parent ship within the correctional system. The results show that gender is always present in the discussion about parent ship within the correctional system even though the framework tells us different. This makes it even more important to be aware about how gender makes us look at parent ship depending on sex. Not least in the correctional system.

The aim of this study is to look into the correctional system’s work with parent ship of incarcerated mothers and fathers from a gender perspective. It is a qualitative study and two interviews have been done with employees from a prison for women and one interview from a prison for men. Two interviews have been done with two former incarcerated parents, one mother and one father. One interview has also been done with an organization which gives children with incarcerated parents support and an opportunity to meet other children in the same situation. They also give incarcerated parents support in the contact with their children. The results of the study imply that the correctional system has the same theoretical approach when working with incarcerated mothers and fathers. It is obvious that when it comes to attitudes and presumptions about parent ship, there are differences based on a gender perspective. This affects the practical work with parent ship within the correctional system. The results show that gender is always present in the discussion about parent ship within the correctional system even though the framework tells us different. This makes it even more important to be aware about how gender makes us look at parent ship depending on sex. Not least in the correctional system.