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Objectives: Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity. Methods: 127 men and women aged between 50 and 80 years with overweight/obesity participated in the study-between January 2020 and September 2020 at the Center for Nutrition Research-University of Navarra and IMDEA-ALIMENTACIÓN-and were randomly assigned to a usual-care group (standard recommendations) or precision group (precision nutrition strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and a mobile application). Anthropometry, body fat percentage, biochemical parameters, diet, and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Results: Both strategies were found to improve overall metabolic health; however, the precision approach demonstrated significantly better outcomes. The precision strategy reduced body weight at 3 months (-4.3 kg; p < 0.001) with significant improvements in body fat percentage, blood pressure and general metabolic health (glycated haemoglobin; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; hepatic steatosis index) in comparison with the standard recommendations. The precision approach significantly enhanced the quality of life (SF-36) of individuals, with additional improvements in emotional well-being (p = 0.024) and vitality (p = 0.008). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a higher quality of life and vitality. Conclusion: These results support the benefit of precision nutrition approaches for promoting healthy aging and emotional well-being, enhancing the quality of life in aging populations, during the COVID-19 pandemic., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Depto. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Fac. de Farmacia, TRUE, pub, APC financiada por la UCM

Introduction: In aging, the neuromuscular and somatosensory systems have changes that compromise postural control. These can be accentuated or premature due to physical deconditioning, and reversed or attenuated with the practice of physical exercise. Objective: to analyze the effects of two long-term interventions, one with integrated components of orientation and postural stability with another of bodybuilding exercises, on the postural oscillation of active older adults. Methodology: 56 adults participated, distributed in the physical exercise program for postural control (n = 33, 70.2±6.48 years) and bodybuilding (n =23, 68.67±4.99 years), each with a duration of 37 weeks, with a weekly frequency of 3 sessions of 60 minutes each. The postural control program developed 7 training components: sensory system, postural gymnastics, muscular resistance, rapid strength, flexibility and stability and postural orientation applied to activities of daily living and bodybuilding program 4: muscular resistance, agility, coordination and balance. Evaluations were carried out at three moments (pre-intervention, post 1 and post 2). Stability was evaluated in a stable and unstable bipodal base (use of foam), with eyes open and blindfolded, using a force platform. Variables analyzed: area, total average velocity and root mean square of the center of pressure. Results: Stability on an unstable base had a greater effect in the initial 16 weeks and a reduction in the following 18. A decrease in the area of the center of pressure, total average velocity and Room Mean Square was observed on an unstable base with visual suppression. The improvements may be due to better processing of proprioceptive and vestibular information, adaptations in the neuromuscular system, and changes in motor strategies. Conclusions:Programs similar to those applied can reduce age declines in active older adults, promote functionality and independence, and maintain quality of life during the aging process, Introducción: en el envejecimiento los sistemas neuromuscular y somatosensorial tienen cambios que comprometen el control postural. Estos pueden ser acentuados o prematuros debido al desacondicionamiento físico y revertidos o atenuados con la práctica del ejercicio físico. Objetivo: analizar los efectos de dos intervenciones de larga duración, una con componentes integrados de orientación y estabilidad postural, y otra de ejercicios de musculación, en la oscilación postural de adultos mayores activos. Metodología: participaron 56 adultos, distribuidos en el programa de ejercicio físico para el control postural (n = 33; 70,2±6,48 años) y de musculación (n = 23; 68,67±4,99 años), cada uno con duración de 37 semanas, con una frecuencia semanal de 3 sesiones de 60 minutos cada una. El programa control postural desarrolló 7 componentes de entrenamiento: sistema sensorial, gimnasia postural, resistencia muscular, fuerza rápida, flexibilidad y estabilidad y orientación postural aplicada a las actividades de la vida diaria y el programa musculación 4: resistencia muscular, agilidad, coordinación y equilibrio. Se realizaron evaluaciones en tres momentos (pre-intervención, post 1 y post 2). La estabilidad fue evaluada en base bipodal estable e inestable (uso de espuma), con los ojos abiertos y vendados, utilizando una plataforma de fuerza. Variables analizadas: área, velocidad media total y Root Mean Square del Centro de Presión. Resultados: la estabilidad en base inestable tuvo mayor efecto en las 16 semanas iniciales y reducción en las siguientes 18. Fue observada disminución del área del centro de presión, velocidad media total y Root Mean Square en base inestable con supresión visual. Las mejoras pueden deberse a mejor procesamiento de información propioceptiva y vestibular, adaptaciones en el sistema neuromuscular y cambios en las estrategias motoras. Conclusiones: programas similares a los aplicados pueden disminuir los declives de la edad en adultos mayores activos, fa

Aging is increasingly thought to involve dysregulation of metabolism in multiple organ systems that culminate in decreased functional capacity and morbidity. Here, we seek to understand complex interactions among metabolism, aging, and systems-wide phenotypes across the lifespan. Among 2469 adults (mean age 74.7 years; 38% Black) in the Health, Aging and Body Composition study we identified metabolic cross-sectionally correlates across 20 multi-dimensional aging-related phenotypes spanning seven domains. We used LASSO-PCA and bioinformatic techniques to summarize metabolome-phenome relationships and derive metabolic scores, which were subsequently linked to healthy aging, mortality, and incident outcomes (cardiovascular disease, disability, dementia, and cancer) over 9 years. To clarify the relationship of metabolism in early adulthood to aging, we tested association of these metabolic scores with aging phenotypes/outcomes in 2320 participants (mean age 32.1, 44% Black) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. We observed significant overlap in metabolic correlates across the seven aging domains, specifying pathways of mitochondrial/cellular energetics, host-commensal metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Across four metabolic scores (body composition, mental-physical performance, muscle strength, and physical activity), we found strong associations with healthy aging and incident outcomes, robust to adjustment for risk factors. Metabolic scores for participants four decades younger in CARDIA were related to incident cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive performance, as well as long-term cardiovascular disease and mortality over three decades. Conserved metabolic states are strongly related to domain-specific aging and outcomes over the life-course relevant to energetics, host-commensal interactions, and mechanisms of innate immunity.

Purpose: To examine associations between time perspective and health promotion behaviors of physical activity and weight management. Design: Quantitative cross-sectional. Setting: This study is part of the Betula project on aging, memory, and dementia in Northern Sweden. Subjects: 417 older adults aged between 55 and 85 years. Measures: Swedish-Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; Physical Activity in the past year, past week, and in comparison with others of similar age; Weight Management = Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2). Results: After controlling for age, sex, and years of education, hierarchical linear regression indicated a Balanced Time Perspective was significantly associated with more physical activity in the past year (P =.04), the past week (P <.001), and in comparison with others (P <.01). Past Negative time perspective was associated with less physical activity in the past year (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Present Fatalistic was associated with less physical activity during the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.01). Present Hedonistic was associated with more physical activity the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Past Negative was associated with higher BMI (P =.02), and Future Negative were associated with lower BMI (P =.01). Taken collectively, greater positivity and flexibility across time perspectives was associated with more physical activity, whereas negative oriented time perspectives related with less physical activity and poorer weight management. Conclusion: Time perspective can be associated with health behaviors in older adults and have implications for health across the lifespan. Health promotion interventions may target older adults’ enjoyment of exercise and weight management in the present, rather than highlight potential negative health outcomes in the future.

Purpose: To examine associations between time perspective and health promotion behaviors of physical activity and weight management. Design: Quantitative cross-sectional. Setting: This study is part of the Betula project on aging, memory, and dementia in Northern Sweden. Subjects: 417 older adults aged between 55 and 85 years. Measures: Swedish-Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; Physical Activity in the past year, past week, and in comparison with others of similar age; Weight Management = Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2). Results: After controlling for age, sex, and years of education, hierarchical linear regression indicated a Balanced Time Perspective was significantly associated with more physical activity in the past year (P =.04), the past week (P <.001), and in comparison with others (P <.01). Past Negative time perspective was associated with less physical activity in the past year (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Present Fatalistic was associated with less physical activity during the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.01). Present Hedonistic was associated with more physical activity the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Past Negative was associated with higher BMI (P =.02), and Future Negative were associated with lower BMI (P =.01). Taken collectively, greater positivity and flexibility across time perspectives was associated with more physical activity, whereas negative oriented time perspectives related with less physical activity and poorer weight management. Conclusion: Time perspective can be associated with health behaviors in older adults and have implications for health across the lifespan. Health promotion interventions may target older adults’ enjoyment of exercise and weight management in the present, rather than highlight potential negative health outcomes in the future.

[Resumen] Introducción: El incremento de población mayor y de personas que viven solas establece como prioridad promover el envejecimiento saludable y activo. Los sistemas tecnológicos están cada vez más integrados en las ocupaciones cotidianas y pueden modificar la forma en la que estas se realizan, por lo que puede ser de utilidad integrarlos en la práctica de la terapia ocupacional. Objetivos: Conocer la evidencia científica existente sobre intervenciones de terapia ocupacional con dispositivos tecnológicos para personas mayores que viven solas. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de alcance. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en las bases de datos Dialnet, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus y Web Of Science. Se incluyeron 22 publicaciones que cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Resultados: El análisis de las variables bibliométricas permitió conocer las tendencias de publicación y el estudio de las temáticas facilitó la identificación de las herramientas tecnológicas más utilizadas, su finalidad y los principales beneficios de su uso. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones de este tipo están principalmente centradas en la rehabilitación física o cognitiva y en el asesoramiento o la educación. Las intervenciones dirigidas específicamente a personas mayores que viven solas se han estudiado poco desde la disciplina y las/os profesionales manifiestan desconocer o tener poca formación sobre este tema. Sin embargo, se ha visto que los sistemas tecnológicos pueden facilitar y apoyar la participación ocupacional y el envejecimiento activo de la población mayor., [Resumo] Introdución: O incremento da poboación maior e das persoas que viven soas establece como prioridade a promoción do envellecemento saudable e activo. Os sistemas tecnolóxicos están cada vez máis integrados nas ocupacións cotiás e poden modificar a forma en que estas se realizan, polo que pode ser de utilidade integralos na práctica da terapia ocupacional. Obxectivos: Coñecer a evidencia científica existente sobre as intervencións de terapia ocupacional con dispositivos tecnolóxicos para persoas maiores que viven soas. Metodoloxía: Levouse a cabo unha revisión de alcance. A procura bibliográfica realizouse nas bases de datos Dialnet, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Web Of Science. Incluíronse 22 publicacións que cumpriron cos criterios de selección. Resultados: A análise das variables bibliométricas permitiu coñecer as tendencias de publicación e o estudo das temáticas facilitou a identificación das ferramentas tecnolóxicas máis utilizadas, a súa finalidade e os seus principais beneficios. Conclusións: Este tipo de intervencións están principalmente centradas na rehabilitación física ou cognitiva e no asesoramento ou a educación. As intervencións dirixidas especificamente a persoas maiores que viven soas estudáronse pouco desde a disciplina e as/os profesionais manifestan descoñecer ou ter pouca información sobre este tema. Con todo, veuse que os sistemas tecnolóxicos poden facilitar e apoiar a participación ocupacional e o envellecemento activo da poboación maior., [Abstract] Introduction: Promoting healthy and active ageing is a priority for the growth of the older population and people living alone. Technological systems are increasingly integrated into everyday occupations and can change the way in which they are performed, so it may be useful to integrate them into the practice of occupational therapy. Objectives: To know the existing scientific evidence on occupational therapy interventions with technological devices for older people living alone. Methodology: A scoping review was carried out. The bibliographic search was carried out in the Dialnet, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web Of Science databases. Twenty-two publications that met the selection criteria were included. Results: The analysis of the bibliometric variables allowed us to know the publication trends and, the study of the topics facilitated the identification of the most used technological tools, their purpose and the main benefits of their use. Conclusions: Interventions of this type are mainly focused on physical or cognitive rehabilitation and counseling or education. The interventions aimed specifically at older people living alone have been studied little from the discipline and professionals say they do not know or have little training on this topic. However, it has been seen that technological systems can facilitate and support occupational participation and active aging of the older population.

In Kenya, the number of adults aged ≥60 is expected to nearly quadruple by 2050, making it one of the most rapidly aging countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Accordingly, we designed the Longitudinal Study of Health and Ageing in Kenya (LOSHAK) to generate novel data to address the health and economic consequences of this demographic transition. Specifically, LOSHAK will investigate the social, economic, environmental, biological, and policy processes that shape late-life health and economic well-being in Kenya. Modeled on the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS), LOSHAK joins a network of harmonized studies on aging in >45 countries worldwide; however, LOSHAK will be only the 2nd such study in SSA. The current feasibility and pilot phase of LOSHAK will validate measures and data collection procedures in a purposive sample of Kenyan adults aged ≥45 years. We have linguistically and culturally translated instruments while aiming to maintain harmonization with both existing HRS network studies and the ongoing Kenya Life Panel Survey. The current phase of LOSHAK is nested within the Kaloleni/Rabai Community Health and Demographic Surveillance System on the coast of Kenya. LOSHAK will advance population aging research in low- and middle-income countries through the study of (a) biomarkers and physiological measures; (b) the impacts of air pollution and climate vulnerability; (c) Alzheimers disease and related dementias, mental health, disability, caregiving, and psychosocial wellbeing; and (d) economic security, including the impact of social welfare. LOSHAK will inform future public health and economic policy to address challenges related to rapid aging in Kenya and throughout SSA. Accordingly, this paper aims to introduce and provide a description of LOSHAK and its aims and objectives, as well as to inform the scientific community of current study activities being used to build toward the full population-representative study.

Purpose: To examine associations between time perspective and health promotion behaviors of physical activity and weight management. Design: Quantitative cross-sectional. Setting: This study is part of the Betula project on aging, memory, and dementia in Northern Sweden. Subjects: 417 older adults aged between 55 and 85 years. Measures: Swedish-Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; Physical Activity in the past year, past week, and in comparison with others of similar age; Weight Management = Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2). Results: After controlling for age, sex, and years of education, hierarchical linear regression indicated a Balanced Time Perspective was significantly associated with more physical activity in the past year (P =.04), the past week (P <.001), and in comparison with others (P <.01). Past Negative time perspective was associated with less physical activity in the past year (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Present Fatalistic was associated with less physical activity during the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.01). Present Hedonistic was associated with more physical activity the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Past Negative was associated with higher BMI (P =.02), and Future Negative were associated with lower BMI (P =.01). Taken collectively, greater positivity and flexibility across time perspectives was associated with more physical activity, whereas negative oriented time perspectives related with less physical activity and poorer weight management. Conclusion: Time perspective can be associated with health behaviors in older adults and have implications for health across the lifespan. Health promotion interventions may target older adults’ enjoyment of exercise and weight management in the present, rather than highlight potential negative health outcomes in the future.

Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity.

The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet seems a promising approach to preserve brain function during aging. Previous systematic reviews have demonstrated benefits of the MIND diet for cognition and dementia, though an update is needed. Additionally, other outcomes relevant to brain aging have not been summarized. Therefore, this systematic review aims to give an up-to-date and complete overview on human studies that examined the MIND diet in relation to brain aging outcomes in adults aged ≥40 y. Ovid Medline, Web of Science core collection, and Scopus were searched up to July 25, 2023. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool. We included 40 articles, of which 32 were unique cohorts. Higher MIND diet adherence was protective of dementia in 7 of 10 cohorts. Additionally, positive associations were demonstrated in 3 of 4 cohorts for global cognition and 4 of 6 cohorts for episodic memory. The protective effects of the MIND diet on cognitive decline are less apparent, with only 2 of 7 longitudinal cohorts demonstrating positive associations for global decline and 1 of 6 for episodic memory decline. For other brain outcomes (domain-specific cognition, cognitive impairments, Parkinson's disease, brain volume, and pathology), results were mixed or only few studies had been performed. Many of the cohorts demonstrating protective associations were of North American origin, raising the question if the most favorable diet for healthy brain aging is population-dependent. In conclusion, this systematic review provides observational evidence for protective associations between the MIND diet and global cognition and dementia risk, but evidence for other brain outcomes remains mixed and/or limited. The MIND diet may be the preferred diet for healthy brain aging in North American populations, though evidence for other populations seems less conclusive. This r

The community restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic adversely impacted older adults’ physical activity levels. This convergent mixed-method study assessed the adaptation of the Recreovía, a community-based physical activity program in Bogotá, and characterized physical activity levels among older adult participants. Our results showed how the Recreovía adapted during the pandemic to continue promoting physical activity, through indoor and outdoor strategies, including virtual physical activity sessions and safety protocols. During this time, 72%–79% of the older adults attending the adapted program were physically active. A greater proportion of park users (84.2%) and more people involved in vigorous physical activity were observed during Recreovía days. Older adults had positive experiences and perceptions of the Recreovía program related to their health and social well-being. Even though the older adults prefer being outdoors, the adapted program allowed participants to continue with their physical activity routines as much as possible during the pandemic., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Urban Studies

Understanding and facilitating healthy aging has become a major goal in medical research and it is becoming increasingly acknowledged that there is a need for understanding the aging phenotype as a whole rather than focusing on individual factors. Here, we provide a universal explanation for the emergence of Gompertzian mortality patterns using a systems approach to describe aging in complex organisms that consist of many inter-dependent subsystems. Our model relates to the Sufficient-Component Cause Model, widely used within the field of epidemiology, and we show that including inter-dependencies between subsystems and modeling the temporal evolution of subsystem failure results in Gompertizan mortality on the population level. Our model also provides temporal trajectories of mortality-risk for the individual. These results may give insight into understanding how biological age evolves stochastically within the individual, and how this in turn leads to a natural heterogeneity of biological age in a population., Understanding and facilitating healthy aging has become a major goal in medical research and it is becoming increasingly acknowledged that there is a need for understanding the aging phenotype as a whole rather than focusing on individual factors. Here, we provide a universal explanation for the emergence of Gompertzian mortality patterns using a systems approach to describe aging in complex organisms that consist of many inter-dependent subsystems. Our model relates to the Sufficient-Component Cause Model, widely used within the field of epidemiology, and we show that including inter-dependencies between subsystems and modeling the temporal evolution of subsystem failure results in Gompertizan mortality on the population level. Our model also provides temporal trajectories of mortality-risk for the individual. These results may give insight into understanding how biological age evolves stochastically within the individual, and how this in turn leads to a natural heterogeneity of biological age in a population.

Understanding and facilitating healthy aging has become a major goal in medical research and it is becoming increasingly acknowledged that there is a need for understanding the aging phenotype as a whole rather than focusing on individual factors. Here, we provide a universal explanation for the emergence of Gompertzian mortality patterns using a systems approach to describe aging in complex organisms that consist of many inter-dependent subsystems. Our model relates to the Sufficient-Component Cause Model, widely used within the field of epidemiology, and we show that including inter-dependencies between subsystems and modeling the temporal evolution of subsystem failure results in Gompertizan mortality on the population level. Our model also provides temporal trajectories of mortality-risk for the individual. These results may give insight into understanding how biological age evolves stochastically within the individual, and how this in turn leads to a natural heterogeneity of biological age in a population., Understanding and facilitating healthy aging has become a major goal in medical research and it is becoming increasingly acknowledged that there is a need for understanding the aging phenotype as a whole rather than focusing on individual factors. Here, we provide a universal explanation for the emergence of Gompertzian mortality patterns using a systems approach to describe aging in complex organisms that consist of many inter-dependent subsystems. Our model relates to the Sufficient-Component Cause Model, widely used within the field of epidemiology, and we show that including inter-dependencies between subsystems and modeling the temporal evolution of subsystem failure results in Gompertizan mortality on the population level. Our model also provides temporal trajectories of mortality-risk for the individual. These results may give insight into understanding how biological age evolves stochastically within the individual, and how this in turn leads to a natural heterogeneity of biological age in a population.

Purpose: To examine associations between time perspective and health promotion behaviors of physical activity and weight management. Design: Quantitative cross-sectional. Setting: This study is part of the Betula project on aging, memory, and dementia in Northern Sweden. Subjects: 417 older adults aged between 55 and 85 years. Measures: Swedish-Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; Physical Activity in the past year, past week, and in comparison with others of similar age; Weight Management = Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2). Results: After controlling for age, sex, and years of education, hierarchical linear regression indicated a Balanced Time Perspective was significantly associated with more physical activity in the past year (P =.04), the past week (P <.001), and in comparison with others (P <.01). Past Negative time perspective was associated with less physical activity in the past year (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Present Fatalistic was associated with less physical activity during the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.01). Present Hedonistic was associated with more physical activity the past week (P =.03), and in comparison with others (P =.03). Past Negative was associated with higher BMI (P =.02), and Future Negative were associated with lower BMI (P =.01). Taken collectively, greater positivity and flexibility across time perspectives was associated with more physical activity, whereas negative oriented time perspectives related with less physical activity and poorer weight management. Conclusion: Time perspective can be associated with health behaviors in older adults and have implications for health across the lifespan. Health promotion interventions may target older adults’ enjoyment of exercise and weight management in the present, rather than highlight potential negative health outcomes in the future.

Research data on pathological language degradation suggest noun-verb dissociation, which prompts research in the field of normal aging in this direction. However, there are few studies in the literature that address semantic deterioration in the domain of verbs and the relationship between difficulties in naming these two types of content words during normal aging. The aim of the research was to compare the naming of verbs and nouns in healthy older adults and to qualitatively analyse the differences and errors in naming. The sample consisted of 101 participants without a history of neurological diseases, divided into 3 age decades. The Boston Naming Test was used as an instrument to assess noun naming, and the Action Naming Task was used to assess verb naming. Results from the whole sample showed that males performed better on both noun and verb naming (p<.05), and that higher educational level had an effect on the older adults' better performance. Comparative analysis revealed that participants had more difficulty naming nouns than verbs. Analysis of changes between age groups showed significant differences in the number of correct and omitted responses only in the area of naming objects (p<.05), while these differences were not found in the naming of verbs (p>.05). The results of our study show a significant semantic deterioration with age in the noun domain, but not in the verb domain. This could be a consequence of the different organization of nouns and verbs in the mental lexicon, supported by different brain regions and neural networks.

The pathophysiological processes undermining brain functioning decades before the onset of the clinical symptoms associated with dementia are still not well understood. Several heritability studies have reported that the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met genetic polymorphism could contribute to the acceleration of cognitive decline in aging. This mutation may affect brain functional connectivity (FC), especially in those who are carriers of the BDNF Met allele. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in whole brain eyes-closed, resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) FC in a sample of 36 cognitively intact (CI) older females. All of them were +3+3 homozygotes for the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and were divided into two subgroups according to the presence of the Met allele: Val/Met group (n = 16) and Val/Val group (n = 20). They did not differ in age, years of education, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, or normalized hippocampal volumes. Our results showed reduced antero-posterior gamma band FC within the Val/Met genetic risk group, which may be caused by a GABAergic network impairment. Despite the lack of cognitive decline, these results might suggest a selective brain network vulnerability due to the carriage of the BDNF Met allele, which is linked to a potential progression to dementia. This neurophysiological signature, as tracked with MEG FC, indicates that age-related brain functioning changes could be mediated by the influence of particular genetic risk factors., Depto. de Psicología Experimental, Procesos Cognitivos y Logopedia, Fac. de Psicología, TRUE, pub

Background: Eliciting and understanding older persons’ descriptions of their resources for healthy ageing and the interaction of these resources with alcohol use and alcohol problems can facilitate health promotion. It can also inform clinicians when identifying areas of recovery capital that present risks and strength for older people seeking alcohol treatment. The objective of this study was to illuminate the experiences and perspectives of older persons on ageing, alcohol use, treatment, and recovery from alcohol problems, as well as their understanding of healthy ageing. Methods: Eight men and two women, aged 61 to 73 years, with moderate drinking as a treatment goal and treated at an outpatient alcohol clinic in Sweden, participated in semi-structured audio-recorded virtual interviews. A qualitative content analysis examined the transcribed interviews. Results: Three themes were identified: “Tipping the balance”, “Staying behind a veil” and “Lifting the vail”. First, participants understood healthy ageing as a personal and multidimensional process that involved actively expanding, maintaining or adjusting to the resources needed to lead an active and meaningful life while preserving autonomy, dignity and independence for as long as possible. Second, most participants viewed moderate alcohol use as a contributor to healthy ageing. They sought treatment when their drinking became unsustainable and an immediate threat to their healthy ageing resources. Stigma, ambivalence and a lack of treatment options, however, contributed to delayed treatment. Third, the participants responded to treatment approaches that elicited their concern, incorporated their expertise and treatment and life goals, appreciated their autonomy and agency, and considered them partners in goal setting and decision making. Reduced drinking helped participants regain their agency and improved their healthy ageing capital which in turn catalyzed continuing recovery. Conclusions: Older persons in, Substance Use Disorder Among Older Adults: typologies, pathways and health outcomes

Purpose: Reablement is a multidisciplinary intervention aimed at promoting function and independence for people with functional decline. Detailed descriptions of various professions’ actions are needed for organization and evaluation of reablement services. This study describes physiotherapy practice in a reablement context in Swedish municipalities, focusing on the content and magnitude of interventions. Methods: Physiotherapists (n=108) from 34 municipalities answered a web-based survey covering the target group, content and duration of their actions, and number of contacts initiated over a 3-week period. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: Overall, 1005 cases were reported, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD: 11.7); about 91% (n=912) were aged ≥65 and 61% (n=612) were women. About 70% were allocated to home care; 16% (n=160) of these had minor functional limitations (eg, needing safety alarms/help with domestic tasks), and 55% (n=550) had major functional limitations (eg, needing help with personal activities of daily living). The most reported actions were providing technical aids (60.8%, n=576), instructions/counseling (41.5%, n=393), walking/climbing stairs (27.6%, n=262), strength training (27.2%, n=258), and fall prevention (25.5%, n=242). Almost half of the cases included one action (n=494) and about 89% (n=890) targeted primary needs (body functions, walking indoors, self-care, or domestic life), mainly in clients with major functional limitations (odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.95–4.49). About 50% (n=517) of the cases involved 1–2 contacts; about 55% (n=549) were completed within 3 weeks. Exercise was associated with ≥6 visits over ≥7 weeks. Supervision of home care staff was performed in 19.1% (n=181) of cases. Conclusion: Reablement physiotherapy mostly comprises a few actions over a relatively short period. Whether this is a conscious strategy based on the purpose of home-based physiothe

Background: Eliciting and understanding older persons’ descriptions of their resources for healthy ageing and the interaction of these resources with alcohol use and alcohol problems can facilitate health promotion. It can also inform clinicians when identifying areas of recovery capital that present risks and strength for older people seeking alcohol treatment. The objective of this study was to illuminate the experiences and perspectives of older persons on ageing, alcohol use, treatment, and recovery from alcohol problems, as well as their understanding of healthy ageing. Methods: Eight men and two women, aged 61 to 73 years, with moderate drinking as a treatment goal and treated at an outpatient alcohol clinic in Sweden, participated in semi-structured audio-recorded virtual interviews. A qualitative content analysis examined the transcribed interviews. Results: Three themes were identified: “Tipping the balance”, “Staying behind a veil” and “Lifting the vail”. First, participants understood healthy ageing as a personal and multidimensional process that involved actively expanding, maintaining or adjusting to the resources needed to lead an active and meaningful life while preserving autonomy, dignity and independence for as long as possible. Second, most participants viewed moderate alcohol use as a contributor to healthy ageing. They sought treatment when their drinking became unsustainable and an immediate threat to their healthy ageing resources. Stigma, ambivalence and a lack of treatment options, however, contributed to delayed treatment. Third, the participants responded to treatment approaches that elicited their concern, incorporated their expertise and treatment and life goals, appreciated their autonomy and agency, and considered them partners in goal setting and decision making. Reduced drinking helped participants regain their agency and improved their healthy ageing capital which in turn catalyzed continuing recovery. Conclusions: Older persons in, Substance Use Disorder Among Older Adults: typologies, pathways and health outcomes

Purpose: Reablement is a multidisciplinary intervention aimed at promoting function and independence for people with functional decline. Detailed descriptions of various professions’ actions are needed for organization and evaluation of reablement services. This study describes physiotherapy practice in a reablement context in Swedish municipalities, focusing on the content and magnitude of interventions. Methods: Physiotherapists (n=108) from 34 municipalities answered a web-based survey covering the target group, content and duration of their actions, and number of contacts initiated over a 3-week period. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: Overall, 1005 cases were reported, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD: 11.7); about 91% (n=912) were aged ≥65 and 61% (n=612) were women. About 70% were allocated to home care; 16% (n=160) of these had minor functional limitations (eg, needing safety alarms/help with domestic tasks), and 55% (n=550) had major functional limitations (eg, needing help with personal activities of daily living). The most reported actions were providing technical aids (60.8%, n=576), instructions/counseling (41.5%, n=393), walking/climbing stairs (27.6%, n=262), strength training (27.2%, n=258), and fall prevention (25.5%, n=242). Almost half of the cases included one action (n=494) and about 89% (n=890) targeted primary needs (body functions, walking indoors, self-care, or domestic life), mainly in clients with major functional limitations (odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.95–4.49). About 50% (n=517) of the cases involved 1–2 contacts; about 55% (n=549) were completed within 3 weeks. Exercise was associated with ≥6 visits over ≥7 weeks. Supervision of home care staff was performed in 19.1% (n=181) of cases. Conclusion: Reablement physiotherapy mostly comprises a few actions over a relatively short period. Whether this is a conscious strategy based on the purpose of home-based physiothe

BACKGROUND: Social support and social networks have long been postulated to impact health outcomes but their impact on life expectancy and disability in older adults remains poorly quantified. METHODS: As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, we followed 5,749 adults aged 65 years and older from 4 US field centers for 25 years. We assessed the Lubben social network score [range 0-50] and a social support score [range 0-24] derived from the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12) in two consecutive years starting at study recruitment. We used remaining years of life (YOL) from study enrollment to death to approximate life expectancy. We defined years of active life (YAL) as the number of study years in which participants lived without any difficulties in activities of daily living. We used compression of disability to reflect the proportion of life lived able (YAL/YOL). We used linear regression to adjust for socio-demographics and comorbidity. RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) scores were 32.3 ± 6.8 points for social network score and 8.3 ± 2.4 points for social support score. For every 1-SD increase in social network score, adjusted participant life expectancy was 0.40 years higher (95% CI 0.22-0.58; p<0.0001) and disability-free life expectancy 0.35 years higher (95% CI 0.18-0.53; p<0.0001). The association with life expectancy was modified by participant age (p<0.001), but it remained significant even among participants aged ≥75 years (3 months per SD; 95% CI 0.1-6 months, p = 0.04). Further adjustment for frailty did not attenuate the estimates. The social support scale was not significantly associated with YOL or YAL after adjustment for social network score, and neither measure was associated with compression of disability. DISCUSSION: In older adults, higher social network scores are significantly associated with longer life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy.

Increasing evidence suggests that intact social bonds are protective against age-related morbidity, while bond disruption and social isolation increase the risk for multiple age-related diseases. Social attachments, the enduring, selective bonds formed between individuals, are thus essential to human health. Socially monogamous species like the prairie vole (M. ochrogaster) form long-term pair bonds, allowing us to investigate the mechanisms underlying attachment and the poorly understood connection between social bonds and health. In this review, we explore several potential areas of focus emerging from data in humans and other species associating attachment and healthy aging, and evidence from prairie voles that may clarify this link. We examine gaps in our understanding of social cognition and pair bond behavior. Finally, we discuss physiologic pathways related to pair bonding that promote resilience to the processes of aging and age-related disease. Advances in the development of molecular genetic tools in monogamous species will allow us to bridge the mechanistic gaps presented and identify conserved research and therapeutic targets relevant to human health and aging.

Familiar music facilitates memory retrieval in adults with dementia. However, mechanisms behind this effect, and its generality, are unclear because of a lack of parallel work in healthy aging. Exposure to familiar music enhances spontaneous recall of memories directly cued by the music, but it is unknown whether such effects extend to deliberate recall more generally - e.g., to memories not directly linked to the music being played. It is also unclear whether familiar music boosts recall of specific episodes versus more generalised semantic memories, or whether effects are driven by domain-general mechanisms (e.g., improved mood). In a registered report study, we examined effects of familiar music on deliberate recall in healthy adults ages 65-80 years (N = 75) by presenting familiar music from earlier in life, unfamiliar music, and non-musical audio clips across three sessions. After each clip, we assessed free recall of remote memories for pre-selected events. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found no effects of music exposure on recall of prompted events, though familiar music evoked spontaneous memories most often. These results suggest that effects of familiar music on recall may be limited to memories specifically evoked in response to the music (Preprint and registered report protocol at https://osf.io/kjnwd/).

Background: We developed a program that encourages interaction among older people living at home by combining face-to-face and online activities and examined its effects on older adults' psychosocial health.Methods: In this mixed-methods study, we recruited 11 women and 6 men (Mage = 79.5 +/- 6.4 years), who lived in a rural community and participated in a senior citizen club. The intervention was conducted for 13 months, comprising monthly face-to-face group and social media activities. For the program process evaluation, we collected focus-group interview data on participants' perceptions of their personal lives, club membership, and community post-intervention. For the outcome evaluation, we collected six outcome measures pre- and post-intervention: loneliness, subjective health, subjective well-being, self-esteem, social support and social activity satisfaction. Finally, through the integration of the process-outcome evaluation, we inferred what effects the program had on participants' psychosocial health.Results: In the process evaluation, we identified four themes: 'Stimulation brought about by relationships with peers,' 'Realization as to where they feel they belong,' 'Rethinking of oneself in the community,' and 'Awareness of attachment to and coexistence with the community.' In the outcome evaluation, the outcome measures were maintained without significant decline post-intervention.Conclusion: Through the integration of the process-outcome evaluation, we deduced three effects of the program on psychosocial health: (1) fulfilment of subjective health, (2) maintenance and assurance of moderate distance connectedness and (3) orientation toward aging in place.Implications for practice: This study offers a promising opportunity for further development and research into community-based preventive nursing care intervention strategies to maintain the psychosocial health of homebound older people in communities with social activity groups.

Background and Objectives: With an ageing population, the number of older persons with substance use problems, particularly problematic alcohol use, is increasing. Despite grow­ing recognition of the negative consequences of problematic alcohol use on older persons, there is a dearth of knowledge about the alcohol use profiles and the dimensionality of alcohol problems in older people. Moreover, little is known about older persons’ experi­ences and perspectives on alcohol use in relation to their ageing and their personal goals regarding treatment and recovery. This thesis aimed to (i) describe the characteristics of older persons who accessed municipal substance use treatment and care services (addic­tion services) and to investigate their future hospitalization; (ii) examine the heterogeneity and multidimensionality of problematic alcohol use among older persons; and (iii) to shed light on the experiences and perspectives of older persons regarding ageing, alcohol prob­lems and recovery. Methods: For studies I-III, municipal Addiction Severity Index (ASI) assessment data (between 2003 and 2017) from adults aged 50 years and older were used to select the study samples. Generalized linear regression models investigated hospitalization related out­comes among 3624 older persons in Study-I. In Study-II, a latent class analysis was applied on ASI data from 1747 individuals with alcohol problems. Study-III linked the ASI data from Study-II to hospital discharge and mortality data forming time-to-repeated-event dataset; Andersen-Gill regression model with a robust variance estimator was used for the analysis. Study-IV applied qualitative content analysis on interview data from ten older persons re­cruited from a specialist outpatient clinic for alcohol treatment. Results: Nearly three-fourth of older persons assessed for substance use severity at municipal addiction services were later hospitalized (Study-I). Individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders, psychiatr

Background and Objectives: With an ageing population, the number of older persons with substance use problems, particularly problematic alcohol use, is increasing. Despite grow­ing recognition of the negative consequences of problematic alcohol use on older persons, there is a dearth of knowledge about the alcohol use profiles and the dimensionality of alcohol problems in older people. Moreover, little is known about older persons’ experi­ences and perspectives on alcohol use in relation to their ageing and their personal goals regarding treatment and recovery. This thesis aimed to (i) describe the characteristics of older persons who accessed municipal substance use treatment and care services (addic­tion services) and to investigate their future hospitalization; (ii) examine the heterogeneity and multidimensionality of problematic alcohol use among older persons; and (iii) to shed light on the experiences and perspectives of older persons regarding ageing, alcohol prob­lems and recovery. Methods: For studies I-III, municipal Addiction Severity Index (ASI) assessment data (between 2003 and 2017) from adults aged 50 years and older were used to select the study samples. Generalized linear regression models investigated hospitalization related out­comes among 3624 older persons in Study-I. In Study-II, a latent class analysis was applied on ASI data from 1747 individuals with alcohol problems. Study-III linked the ASI data from Study-II to hospital discharge and mortality data forming time-to-repeated-event dataset; Andersen-Gill regression model with a robust variance estimator was used for the analysis. Study-IV applied qualitative content analysis on interview data from ten older persons re­cruited from a specialist outpatient clinic for alcohol treatment. Results: Nearly three-fourth of older persons assessed for substance use severity at municipal addiction services were later hospitalized (Study-I). Individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders, psychiatr

Background and Objectives: To construct a comprehensive healthy aging score (HAS) and explore its association with all-cause mortality and its potential interactions with other demographics on mortality. Research Design and Methods: This study included 5,409 participants aged ≥60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. An HAS was constructed based on three dimensions of healthy aging including intrinsic capacity (IC), environmental support (ES), and chronic disease (CD), which were assessed at baseline, and categorized by tertiles (poor, moderate, and high). Participants were followed up biennially for all-cause mortality through the death registration or family interview from 2011 to 2018. Data were analyzed using Cox regression, Laplace regression, and receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Results: During 7 years of follow-up, 877 (16.21%) participants died. An HAS was constructed based on the cognition, mobility, and instrumental activity of daily living in the IC dimension; housing in the ES dimension; and hypertension, diabetes, chronic lung disease, stroke, and cancer in the CD dimension, which was associated with death. HAS seems a good predictor of all-cause mortality, with an area under the curve of 0.749. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause mortality related to moderate and poor HAS (vs high HAS) were 1.26 (1.01–1.56) and 2.38 (1.94–2.91), respectively. The median survival time was 2.46 years shorter in participants with poor HAS than those with high HAS. There were significant additive interactions of HAS with age, sex, and marital status on death. Discussion and Implications: Poor HAS may increase mortality and shorten survival, especially among older, male, and single adults.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects on verbal fluency of a supported yoga-based exercise intervention to an aerobic exercise intervention and a wait-list control group. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two physically-inactive but otherwise healthy adults (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-85, 77% female) were recruited into a 12-week, three-group, parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants were supported to complete ≥3 Hatha yoga classes per/week or ≥3 structured aerobic exercise sessions/week. A wait-list control group continued usual daily activities only. Verbal fluency, including total-FAS, animals, and verbs, was assessed before and after interventions. Group effects were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were randomized to yoga, 29 to aerobic exercise and 26 to a waitlist. At 12-week follow-up, compared to baseline, there were increases in mean total-FAS in the yoga (+5.0 words, p=0.002) and aerobic exercise groups (+6.6 words, p=0.004). Mean total-FAS in the wait-list control group remained stable (-0.5 words, p=0.838). There were medium-magnitude estimated treatment effects on total-FAS for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: Hedges' g=0.51 (p=0.213) and 0.57 (p=0.098) respectively. In addition, small-to-medium magnitude estimated treatment effects were seen on animals and verbs for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: g=0.28 (p=0.155), 0.19 (p=0.766) and 0.50 (p=0.085), 0.59 (p=0.233) respectively. CONCLUSION: Participation in yoga or aerobic exercise was associated with estimated improvements in verbal fluency compared to a non-active control group. Yoga and aerobic exercise may be promising approaches by which to promote cognitive function among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00015093, U1111-1217-4248.

Perceptual decision-making, evaluating the sensory world in order to choose an action, is often done in conditions of uncertainty. People can implicitly learn from past experiences in order to help the decision-making process but the conditions in which this happens and how metacognition impacts this is unknown. Furthermore, how this ability to implicitly learn priors changes with healthy aging has not been studied. In these three studies, participants performed a perceptual decision-making task in which different colored stimuli were associated with different prior biases (e.g., 75% of the red trials go leftward). In Study 1, we examined the differences between learning priors implicitly through experience versus explicit instruction and how that affects performance and metacognition with two computational models, Linear Ballistic Accumulator Model (LBA) and a Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation of metacognition (H-Meta- d’). Participants were able to learn priors implicitly and used them to guide decision-making. Bias primarily influenced decisions with the least sensory information, but not for stimuli with more robust information. Those who were instructed of the priors were more confident for prior- consistent (vs. inconsistent) stimuli while this was not seen in participants who experienced the priors implicitly. However, there were no differences in metacognitive efficiency between the two instruction groups. Our results suggest that implicitly learned priors can influence decision-making when sensory information is unreliable, but do not contribute when sensory information is more robust. In Study 2, older and younger adults performed the same decision-making task with prior instruction manipulation but with different prior conditions. Instead of opposite-oriented priors, one prior was biased towards a side while the other prior was equally likely to go left or right. When participants were instructed of priors, younger adults were faster and more accurate comp

Memory is well known to decline over the course of healthy aging. However, memory is not a monolith and draws from different kinds of representations. Historically, much of our understanding of age-related memory decline stems from recognition of isolated studied items. In contrast, real-life events are often remembered as narratives, and this kind of information is generally missed in typical recognition memory studies. Here, we designed a task to tax mnemonic discrimination of event details, directly contrasting perceptual and narrative memory. Older and younger adults watched an episode of a television show and later completed an old/new recognition test featuring targets, novel foils, and similar lures in narrative and perceptual domains. While we observed no age-related differences on basic recognition of repeated targets and novel foils, older adults showed a deficit in correctly rejecting perceptual, but not narrative, lures. These findings provide insight into the vulnerability of different memory domains in aging and may be useful in characterizing individuals at risk for pathological cognitive decline.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects on verbal fluency of a supported yoga-based exercise intervention to an aerobic exercise intervention and a wait-list control group. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two physically-inactive but otherwise healthy adults (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-85, 77% female) were recruited into a 12-week, three-group, parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants were supported to complete ≥3 Hatha yoga classes per/week or ≥3 structured aerobic exercise sessions/week. A wait-list control group continued usual daily activities only. Verbal fluency, including total-FAS, animals, and verbs, was assessed before and after interventions. Group effects were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were randomized to yoga, 29 to aerobic exercise and 26 to a waitlist. At 12-week follow-up, compared to baseline, there were increases in mean total-FAS in the yoga (+5.0 words, p=0.002) and aerobic exercise groups (+6.6 words, p=0.004). Mean total-FAS in the wait-list control group remained stable (-0.5 words, p=0.838). There were medium-magnitude estimated treatment effects on total-FAS for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: Hedges' g=0.51 (p=0.213) and 0.57 (p=0.098) respectively. In addition, small-to-medium magnitude estimated treatment effects were seen on animals and verbs for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: g=0.28 (p=0.155), 0.19 (p=0.766) and 0.50 (p=0.085), 0.59 (p=0.233) respectively. CONCLUSION: Participation in yoga or aerobic exercise was associated with estimated improvements in verbal fluency compared to a non-active control group. Yoga and aerobic exercise may be promising approaches by which to promote cognitive function among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00015093, U1111-1217-4248.

BackgroundRecruitment to dementia prevention clinical trials is challenging, and participants are not representative of US adults at risk. A better understanding of the general public's interest in dementia prevention research participation is needed to inform future recruitment strategies.ObjectiveTo examine US adults' characteristics associated with self-reported likelihood to participate in dementia prevention clinical trials.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional survey using the October 2018 wave of the University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging.SettingThe National Poll on Healthy Aging is a nationally representative survey of adults using KnowledgePanel (Ipsos Public Affairs LLC), a probability-based panel of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population.ParticipantsWe analyzed data from 1,028 respondents, ages 50 to 64 years, who completed a web survey module on brain health.MeasurementsWe used logistic regression models to examine associations between sociodemographic and dementia-related factors (e.g., family history) and self-reported likelihood to participate in a dementia prevention clinical trial of a new medicine ("very" or "somewhat likely" vs. "not likely" survey responses). Among respondents not likely to participate, we examined frequency of reasons endorsed for this decision, stratified by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.ResultsOf the 1,028 respondents, half were female, 68% Non-Hispanic White, 13% Hispanic, and 12% Non-Hispanic Black. Twelve percent of respondents reported being very likely to participate in a dementia prevention trial, 32% somewhat likely, and 56% not likely. Factors associated with higher likelihood to participate were higher perceived risk of dementia [OR, 2.17 (95% CI, 1.61, 2.93)], a positive family history of dementia [OR, 1.75 (95% CI, 1.27, 2.43)], and having discussed dementia prevention with a doctor [OR, 2.20 (95% CI, 1.10, 4.42)]. There were no differences in likelihood to participate by sociodemographic

The goal of this study was to examine associations between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) with mortality by a genetic risk score (GRS) for longevity. Among 5,446 women, (mean [SD]: age, 78.2 [6.6] years), 1,022 deaths were observed during 33,350 person-years of follow-up. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, higher light PA and moderate to vigorous PA were associated with lower mortality across all GRS for longevity categories (low/medium/high; all ptrend < .001). Higher ST was associated with higher mortality (ptrend across all GRS categories < .001). Interaction tests for PA and ST with the GRS were not statistically significant. Findings support the importance of higher PA and lower ST for reducing mortality risk in older women, regardless of genetic predisposition for longevity.

Edentulism is an irreversible condition, dental loss found a connection whit the positive discourses of aging that have gained strength at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, limiting processes of social participation, generating changes in quality of life, having a strong articulation with the biological relationships of people and being highly inequitable between social groups. Given the above, this article develops three key ideas to argue the fact that the development of aging from the positive discourse is limited without teeth in the oral cavity, the first is that life without teeth limits the development personal and social, the next is that the connection of the oral cavity with biological conditions is very close and the third is the stereotyping and judgment of the old edentulous in today’s society. The argued ideas could establish that it is necessary to give importance to the condition of being edentulous within the framework of positive aging and as an intervention in public health. Aging well is the flag of world policies, including the decade of Healthy Aging (2020-2030); the understanding and cohesion of health in all its disciplines is transcendental in favor of the current elders and the achievement of the gerotranscendence. Geriatrics, gerontology, public health, and even dentistry itself, today more than ever must work towards mitigating the appearance of edentulism in today's societies., El edentulismo es una condición irreversible. La pérdida dental encuentra conexión con los discursos positivos del envejecimiento, así como unas amplias repercusiones en estos, que han cobrado fuerza hacia finales del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI, limitando procesos de participación social, generando cambios en la calidad de vida, teniendo una articulación fuerte con las relaciones biológicas de las personas y siendo altamente inequitativo entre grupos sociales. Dado lo anterior, el presente artículo pretende desarrollar y argumentar tres ideas clave para sustentar que el envejecimiento desde el discurso positivo se ve limitado cuando la persona no tiene dientes: la primera es que la vida sin dientes restringe el desarrollo personal y social, la siguiente es que la conexión de la cavidad oral con las condiciones biológicas es muy estrecha y la tercera es la estereotipación y el juzgamiento del viejo edéntulo en la sociedad actual. Las ideas sustentadas argumentaron y soportaron la necesidad de dar importancia a la condición de ser edéntulo en el marco de un envejecimiento positivo y como intervención en salud pública. Envejecer bien es la bandera de las políticas mundiales, incluyendo la Década del Envejecimiento Saludable (2020-2030); el entender y la cohesión de la salud en todas sus disciplinas es trascendental en pro del viejo actual y del logro de su gerotrascendencia. La geriatría, la gerontología, la salud pública e incluso la misma odontología, hoy más que nunca, deben trabajar en favor de la mitigación de la aparición del edentulismo en las sociedades actuales.

The lifestyle of older adults are the habits learned from youth and that are maintained throughout old age, can be influenced by socio-economic and cultural factors and determine the changes they have: physiological, morphological, biochemical, functional and psychological, these have an impact not only on the health of the elderly but also social and economic of the country. The aim of the research was to describe the lifestyles of older adults residing in Metropolitan Lima. The methodology used is described as quantitative, with a prospective design of a cross-sectional type. The technique used was the survey and the instrument was the Questionnaire of Healthy Lifestyles in Older Adults, the instrument consists of 30 items, divided into 3 dimensions: Biological dimension, social dimension and psychological dimension. The instrument was applied to a sample of 56 older adults in Metropolitan Lima. The results showed that 87.5% of older adults have a healthy lifestyle while 12.5% have an unhealthy lifestyle. It is concluded that most older adults opt for a healthy lifestyle. Maintaining a number of healthy lifestyle habits throughout life is essential to ensure good health and healthy aging., El estilo de vida de los adultos mayores son los hábitos aprendidos desde jóvenes y que se mantienen a lo largo de la vejez, pueden ser influenciadas por factores socioeconómicos y culturales y determinan los cambios que tienen: fisiológicos, morfológicos, bioquímicos, funcionales y psicológicos, éstos tienen un impacto no sólo en la salud del adulto mayor sino también social y económico del país. El objetivo de la investigación fue describir los estilos de vida de los adultos mayores que residen en Lima Metropolitana. La metodología utilizada se describe como cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental de tipo prospectivo de corte transversal. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue el Cuestionarios de Estilos de vida saludable en Adultos Mayores, el instrumento consta de 30 ítems, dividido en 3 dimensiones: Dimensión biológica, dimensión social y dimensión psicológica. El instrumento se aplicó a una muestra de 56 adultos mayores en Lima Metropolitana. Los resultados demostraron que el 87,5% de los adultos mayores presentan un estilo de vida saludable mientras que el 12.5% un estilo de vida no saludable. Se concluye que la mayoría de los adultos mayores optan por un estilo de vida saludable. Mantener una serie de hábitos de vida saludables a lo largo de la vida es imprescindible para garantizar una buena salud y para tener un envejecimiento saludable.

The overall aim of the thesis was to examine factors associated with (Study 1), predictors (Study II), and experiences (Study III) involved with being active in working life after the expected retirement age and the experiences of exiting working life before the expected retirement age (Study IV). In Studies I and II, a quantitative approach was used, with data derived from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). In Studies III and IV, a qualitative approach was used, with data collected through semi-structured interviews. The results from Studies I and II revealed that being active in working life at age 66 was associated with being male, having a university education, working in a highly skilled occupation, having light physical activity at work, or having no more than one diagnosed disease. Being male (Studies I and II), having a university education (only in Study I) or working in a highly skilled occupation (only in Study II) were associated with being active in working life at age 72. The results from Studies III and IV revealed that from an individual perspective, health was a prominent aspect in either remaining in or exiting from working life. Staying active in working life increased feelings of vitality; the innermost dimension of health. Favorable working conditions could be beneficial to cognitive and physical health as well as to social well-being and a sense of meaningfulness. In contrast, strenuous working conditions contributed to the deterioration of health and pushed people at older ages toward an early exit from working life. The present results confirm the complexity regarding the predictors for being active in working life at older ages. The results add knowledge regarding how health in overall life and staying active in or exiting from working life at older ages can be experienced from a subjective perspective. With a successive increase in statutory retirement ages, the focus on the possibilities for healthy aging through being ac, Avhandlingsarbetet övergripande syfte var att undersöka faktorer associerade med (Studie I), prediktorer (Studie II), och erfarenheter av (Studie III) att vara aktiv i arbetslivet efter förväntad pensionsålder och erfarenheter av att avsluta yrkeslivet före förväntad pensionsålder (Studie IV). I de kvantitativa Studierna I och II användes data från The Swedish National Studie on Aging and Care (SNAC). I de kvalitativa studierna III och IV, samlades data in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultaten från Studie I och II visade att oavsett vilken studiedesign som använts var manligt kön, universitetsutbildning, arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning, ej haft ett fysiskt tungt arbete samt att inte ha mer än en diagnostiserad sjukdom associerade med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 66 års ålder. Medan manligt kön (både Studie I och II), ha universitetsutbildning (Studie I) eller att arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning (Studie II) var de faktorer som kunde associeras med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 72 års ålder. Resultaten från Studie III och IV visade att hälsa var en framträdande aspekt för om deltagarna valt att antingen stanna kvar i, eller att avsluta arbetslivet vid högre ålder. Utifrån subjektiva erfarenheter kunde fortsatt arbete förstärka känslor av vitalitet, som betraktas som den innersta dimensionen av upplevd hälsa. Till exempel beskrevs att goda arbetsförhållanden gynnade kognitiv och fysisk hälsa samt socialt välbefinnande och tillförde känslor av meningsfullhet. Tvärtom, beskrevs att ansträngande arbetsförhållanden bidrog till försämrad hälsa vilket också bidrog till ett tidigt utträde ur arbetslivet. Föreliggande resultat bekräftar komplexiteten vad gäller förutsättningar för att vara aktiv i arbetslivet i högre åldrar. Resultaten tillför kunskap om hur upplevd hälsa i livet i stort och att hålla sig aktiv i eller lämna arbetslivet i högre åldrar kan erfaras frå

There is a growing need to identify acceptable and feasible opportunities to engage adults over 35 years in physical activity. Walking sports may be a potential means to engage adults in sport; however, there is limited evidence regarding appeal and feasibility to support its implementation and delivery. Using a two-step mixed-methods approach, we aimed (1) to quantitively identify significant predictors of intentions of adults over 35 years to participate in walking sports and (2) to understand why and how these identified predictors may be contextually relevant to the target group. In phase one, 282 adults over 35 years (Mage = 46.08, SD = 9.75) without prior experience of walking sports completed an online questionnaire assessing personal, psychosocial, program-related, and environmental predictors, and intentions to participate in walking sports. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions showed that perceived health status, attitudes, subjective norms, and distance of venue were significant predictors of intentions. In phase two, interviews with a subset of 17 participants indicated that, when implementing walking sport programs, program labeling, fear of the unknown, and individual differences in the appeal of walking sport warrant consideration. Together, these findings offer insight into the complex interplay of personal, psychosocial, program-related, and environmental predictors of adults' intentions to participate in walking sports. Addressing these elements of a walking sport program would make such programs more appealing to potential participants, and ultimately, more feasible and sustainable to conduct in the long run. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The overall aim of the thesis was to examine factors associated with (Study 1), predictors (Study II), and experiences (Study III) involved with being active in working life after the expected retirement age and the experiences of exiting working life before the expected retirement age (Study IV). In Studies I and II, a quantitative approach was used, with data derived from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). In Studies III and IV, a qualitative approach was used, with data collected through semi-structured interviews. The results from Studies I and II revealed that being active in working life at age 66 was associated with being male, having a university education, working in a highly skilled occupation, having light physical activity at work, or having no more than one diagnosed disease. Being male (Studies I and II), having a university education (only in Study I) or working in a highly skilled occupation (only in Study II) were associated with being active in working life at age 72. The results from Studies III and IV revealed that from an individual perspective, health was a prominent aspect in either remaining in or exiting from working life. Staying active in working life increased feelings of vitality; the innermost dimension of health. Favorable working conditions could be beneficial to cognitive and physical health as well as to social well-being and a sense of meaningfulness. In contrast, strenuous working conditions contributed to the deterioration of health and pushed people at older ages toward an early exit from working life. The present results confirm the complexity regarding the predictors for being active in working life at older ages. The results add knowledge regarding how health in overall life and staying active in or exiting from working life at older ages can be experienced from a subjective perspective. With a successive increase in statutory retirement ages, the focus on the possibilities for healthy aging through being ac, Avhandlingsarbetet övergripande syfte var att undersöka faktorer associerade med (Studie I), prediktorer (Studie II), och erfarenheter av (Studie III) att vara aktiv i arbetslivet efter förväntad pensionsålder och erfarenheter av att avsluta yrkeslivet före förväntad pensionsålder (Studie IV). I de kvantitativa Studierna I och II användes data från The Swedish National Studie on Aging and Care (SNAC). I de kvalitativa studierna III och IV, samlades data in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultaten från Studie I och II visade att oavsett vilken studiedesign som använts var manligt kön, universitetsutbildning, arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning, ej haft ett fysiskt tungt arbete samt att inte ha mer än en diagnostiserad sjukdom associerade med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 66 års ålder. Medan manligt kön (både Studie I och II), ha universitetsutbildning (Studie I) eller att arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning (Studie II) var de faktorer som kunde associeras med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 72 års ålder. Resultaten från Studie III och IV visade att hälsa var en framträdande aspekt för om deltagarna valt att antingen stanna kvar i, eller att avsluta arbetslivet vid högre ålder. Utifrån subjektiva erfarenheter kunde fortsatt arbete förstärka känslor av vitalitet, som betraktas som den innersta dimensionen av upplevd hälsa. Till exempel beskrevs att goda arbetsförhållanden gynnade kognitiv och fysisk hälsa samt socialt välbefinnande och tillförde känslor av meningsfullhet. Tvärtom, beskrevs att ansträngande arbetsförhållanden bidrog till försämrad hälsa vilket också bidrog till ett tidigt utträde ur arbetslivet. Föreliggande resultat bekräftar komplexiteten vad gäller förutsättningar för att vara aktiv i arbetslivet i högre åldrar. Resultaten tillför kunskap om hur upplevd hälsa i livet i stort och att hålla sig aktiv i eller lämna arbetslivet i högre åldrar kan erfaras frå

The overall aim of the thesis was to examine factors associated with (Study 1), predictors (Study II), and experiences (Study III) involved with being active in working life after the expected retirement age and the experiences of exiting working life before the expected retirement age (Study IV). In Studies I and II, a quantitative approach was used, with data derived from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). In Studies III and IV, a qualitative approach was used, with data collected through semi-structured interviews. The results from Studies I and II revealed that being active in working life at age 66 was associated with being male, having a university education, working in a highly skilled occupation, having light physical activity at work, or having no more than one diagnosed disease. Being male (Studies I and II), having a university education (only in Study I) or working in a highly skilled occupation (only in Study II) were associated with being active in working life at age 72. The results from Studies III and IV revealed that from an individual perspective, health was a prominent aspect in either remaining in or exiting from working life. Staying active in working life increased feelings of vitality; the innermost dimension of health. Favorable working conditions could be beneficial to cognitive and physical health as well as to social well-being and a sense of meaningfulness. In contrast, strenuous working conditions contributed to the deterioration of health and pushed people at older ages toward an early exit from working life. The present results confirm the complexity regarding the predictors for being active in working life at older ages. The results add knowledge regarding how health in overall life and staying active in or exiting from working life at older ages can be experienced from a subjective perspective. With a successive increase in statutory retirement ages, the focus on the possibilities for healthy aging through being ac, Avhandlingsarbetet övergripande syfte var att undersöka faktorer associerade med (Studie I), prediktorer (Studie II), och erfarenheter av (Studie III) att vara aktiv i arbetslivet efter förväntad pensionsålder och erfarenheter av att avsluta yrkeslivet före förväntad pensionsålder (Studie IV). I de kvantitativa Studierna I och II användes data från The Swedish National Studie on Aging and Care (SNAC). I de kvalitativa studierna III och IV, samlades data in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultaten från Studie I och II visade att oavsett vilken studiedesign som använts var manligt kön, universitetsutbildning, arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning, ej haft ett fysiskt tungt arbete samt att inte ha mer än en diagnostiserad sjukdom associerade med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 66 års ålder. Medan manligt kön (både Studie I och II), ha universitetsutbildning (Studie I) eller att arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning (Studie II) var de faktorer som kunde associeras med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 72 års ålder. Resultaten från Studie III och IV visade att hälsa var en framträdande aspekt för om deltagarna valt att antingen stanna kvar i, eller att avsluta arbetslivet vid högre ålder. Utifrån subjektiva erfarenheter kunde fortsatt arbete förstärka känslor av vitalitet, som betraktas som den innersta dimensionen av upplevd hälsa. Till exempel beskrevs att goda arbetsförhållanden gynnade kognitiv och fysisk hälsa samt socialt välbefinnande och tillförde känslor av meningsfullhet. Tvärtom, beskrevs att ansträngande arbetsförhållanden bidrog till försämrad hälsa vilket också bidrog till ett tidigt utträde ur arbetslivet. Föreliggande resultat bekräftar komplexiteten vad gäller förutsättningar för att vara aktiv i arbetslivet i högre åldrar. Resultaten tillför kunskap om hur upplevd hälsa i livet i stort och att hålla sig aktiv i eller lämna arbetslivet i högre åldrar kan erfaras frå

Purpose: Reablement is a multidisciplinary intervention aimed at promoting function and independence for people with functional decline. Detailed descriptions of various professions’ actions are needed for organization and evaluation of reablement services. This study describes physiotherapy practice in a reablement context in Swedish municipalities, focusing on the content and magnitude of interventions. Methods: Physiotherapists (n=108) from 34 municipalities answered a web-based survey covering the target group, content and duration of their actions, and number of contacts initiated over a 3-week period. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: Overall, 1005 cases were reported, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD: 11.7); about 91% (n=912) were aged ≥65 and 61% (n=612) were women. About 70% were allocated to home care; 16% (n=160) of these had minor functional limitations (eg, needing safety alarms/help with domestic tasks), and 55% (n=550) had major functional limitations (eg, needing help with personal activities of daily living). The most reported actions were providing technical aids (60.8%, n=576), instructions/counseling (41.5%, n=393), walking/climbing stairs (27.6%, n=262), strength training (27.2%, n=258), and fall prevention (25.5%, n=242). Almost half of the cases included one action (n=494) and about 89% (n=890) targeted primary needs (body functions, walking indoors, self-care, or domestic life), mainly in clients with major functional limitations (odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.95–4.49). About 50% (n=517) of the cases involved 1–2 contacts; about 55% (n=549) were completed within 3 weeks. Exercise was associated with ≥6 visits over ≥7 weeks. Supervision of home care staff was performed in 19.1% (n=181) of cases. Conclusion: Reablement physiotherapy mostly comprises a few actions over a relatively short period. Whether this is a conscious strategy based on the purpose of home-based physiothe

Background: Eliciting and understanding older persons’ descriptions of their resources for healthy ageing and the interaction of these resources with alcohol use and alcohol problems can facilitate health promotion. It can also inform clinicians when identifying areas of recovery capital that present risks and strength for older people seeking alcohol treatment. The objective of this study was to illuminate the experiences and perspectives of older persons on ageing, alcohol use, treatment, and recovery from alcohol problems, as well as their understanding of healthy ageing. Methods: Eight men and two women, aged 61 to 73 years, with moderate drinking as a treatment goal and treated at an outpatient alcohol clinic in Sweden, participated in semi-structured audio-recorded virtual interviews. A qualitative content analysis examined the transcribed interviews. Results: Three themes were identified: “Tipping the balance”, “Staying behind a veil” and “Lifting the vail”. First, participants understood healthy ageing as a personal and multidimensional process that involved actively expanding, maintaining or adjusting to the resources needed to lead an active and meaningful life while preserving autonomy, dignity and independence for as long as possible. Second, most participants viewed moderate alcohol use as a contributor to healthy ageing. They sought treatment when their drinking became unsustainable and an immediate threat to their healthy ageing resources. Stigma, ambivalence and a lack of treatment options, however, contributed to delayed treatment. Third, the participants responded to treatment approaches that elicited their concern, incorporated their expertise and treatment and life goals, appreciated their autonomy and agency, and considered them partners in goal setting and decision making. Reduced drinking helped participants regain their agency and improved their healthy ageing capital which in turn catalyzed continuing recovery. Conclusions: Older persons in, Substance Use Disorder Among Older Adults: typologies, pathways and health outcomes

Background: Eliciting and understanding older persons’ descriptions of their resources for healthy ageing and the interaction of these resources with alcohol use and alcohol problems can facilitate health promotion. It can also inform clinicians when identifying areas of recovery capital that present risks and strength for older people seeking alcohol treatment. The objective of this study was to illuminate the experiences and perspectives of older persons on ageing, alcohol use, treatment, and recovery from alcohol problems, as well as their understanding of healthy ageing. Methods: Eight men and two women, aged 61 to 73 years, with moderate drinking as a treatment goal and treated at an outpatient alcohol clinic in Sweden, participated in semi-structured audio-recorded virtual interviews. A qualitative content analysis examined the transcribed interviews. Results: Three themes were identified: “Tipping the balance”, “Staying behind a veil” and “Lifting the vail”. First, participants understood healthy ageing as a personal and multidimensional process that involved actively expanding, maintaining or adjusting to the resources needed to lead an active and meaningful life while preserving autonomy, dignity and independence for as long as possible. Second, most participants viewed moderate alcohol use as a contributor to healthy ageing. They sought treatment when their drinking became unsustainable and an immediate threat to their healthy ageing resources. Stigma, ambivalence and a lack of treatment options, however, contributed to delayed treatment. Third, the participants responded to treatment approaches that elicited their concern, incorporated their expertise and treatment and life goals, appreciated their autonomy and agency, and considered them partners in goal setting and decision making. Reduced drinking helped participants regain their agency and improved their healthy ageing capital which in turn catalyzed continuing recovery. Conclusions: Older persons in, Substance Use Disorder Among Older Adults: typologies, pathways and health outcomes

Purpose: Reablement is a multidisciplinary intervention aimed at promoting function and independence for people with functional decline. Detailed descriptions of various professions’ actions are needed for organization and evaluation of reablement services. This study describes physiotherapy practice in a reablement context in Swedish municipalities, focusing on the content and magnitude of interventions. Methods: Physiotherapists (n=108) from 34 municipalities answered a web-based survey covering the target group, content and duration of their actions, and number of contacts initiated over a 3-week period. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: Overall, 1005 cases were reported, with a mean age of 78.9 years (SD: 11.7); about 91% (n=912) were aged ≥65 and 61% (n=612) were women. About 70% were allocated to home care; 16% (n=160) of these had minor functional limitations (eg, needing safety alarms/help with domestic tasks), and 55% (n=550) had major functional limitations (eg, needing help with personal activities of daily living). The most reported actions were providing technical aids (60.8%, n=576), instructions/counseling (41.5%, n=393), walking/climbing stairs (27.6%, n=262), strength training (27.2%, n=258), and fall prevention (25.5%, n=242). Almost half of the cases included one action (n=494) and about 89% (n=890) targeted primary needs (body functions, walking indoors, self-care, or domestic life), mainly in clients with major functional limitations (odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.95–4.49). About 50% (n=517) of the cases involved 1–2 contacts; about 55% (n=549) were completed within 3 weeks. Exercise was associated with ≥6 visits over ≥7 weeks. Supervision of home care staff was performed in 19.1% (n=181) of cases. Conclusion: Reablement physiotherapy mostly comprises a few actions over a relatively short period. Whether this is a conscious strategy based on the purpose of home-based physiothe

Este traballo de fin de máster ten como obxecto de estudo ou deseño dun programa de promoción do envellecemento activo e saudable a través dunha intervención psicoeducativa baseada en podcast e adestramento cognitivo en persoas maiores sans. Ou seu obxectivo é deseñar un programa de promoción do envellecemento activo e saudable para ou melloramento e preservación dás capacidades cognitivas dás persoas maiores sans, así como ou seu nivel de actividade e participación social. Ou programa baséase na realización de sesións semanais de podcast sobre temas relacionados co envellecemento activo e saudable, e ou uso dá aplicación web NeuronUp para realizar exercicios cognitivos adaptados ao nivel e as necesidades de cada participante. A metodoloxía empregada é a entrevista semiestruturada, enquisas e a observación participante. A mostra está composta por un grupo de 16 persoas maiores sans, con idades de 60 anos ou máis, que viven na comunidade de Santiago de Compostela, asisten a sesións de envellecemento activo dá Asociación Galega de Axuda aos enfermos de Alzheimer e que teñen acceso á internet. Ou deseño do programa de intervención psicoeducativa terá unha duración de 12 semanas. Fanse medidas pretest e postest para avaliar vos cambios nas variables de interese, así como a satisfacción co programa. Vos resultados esperados son: unha mellora significativa nas variables relacionadas co avellecemento activo e saudable; unha alta satisfacción co programa por parte dous participantes; e unha maior difusión e impacto social do programa a través do podcast e a aplicación web NeuronUp, Este trabajo de fin de máster propone el diseño de un programa de promoción del envejecimiento activo y saludable mediante una intervención psicoeducativa basada en podcast y entrenamiento cognitivo en personas mayores sanas. Su objetivo es diseñar un programa promoción del envejecimiento activo y saludable para el mejoramiento y preservación de las capacidades cognitivas de las personas mayores sanas, así como su nivel de actividad y participación social. El programa se basa en la realización de sesiones semanales de podcast sobre temas relacionados con el envejecimiento activo y saludable, y el uso de la aplicación web NeuronUp para realizar ejercicios cognitivos adaptados al nivel y las necesidades de cada participante. La metodología empleada es la entrevista semiestructurada, encuestas y la observación participante. La muestra está compuesta por un grupo de 16 personas mayores sanas, con edades de 60 años o más, que asisten a sesiones de envejecimiento activo y que tienen acceso a Internet. El diseño del programa de intervención psicoeducativa tendrá una duración de 12 semanas. Se realizan medidas pretest y postest para evaluar los cambios en las variables de interés, así como la satisfacción con el programa. Los resultados esperados son: una mejora significativa en las variables relacionadas con el envejecimiento activo y saludable; una alta satisfacción con el programa por parte de los participantes; y una mayor difusión e impacto social del programa a través del podcast y la aplicación web NeuronUp, The purpose of this master's thesis is the design of a program to promote active and healthy aging through a psychoeducational intervention based on podcasting and cognitive training in healthy elderly people. Its objective is to design a program to promote active and healthy aging for the improvement and preservation of cognitive abilities of healthy elderly people, as well as their level of activity and social participation. The program is based on weekly podcast sessions on topics related to active and healthy aging, and the use of the web application NeuronUp to perform cognitive exercises adapted to the level and needs of each participant. The method used is the semi-structured interview, surveys, and participant observation. The sample is composed of a group of sixteen healthy elderly people, aged 60 years or older, who attend active aging sessions and who have access to the Internet. The design of the psychoeducational intervention program will have a duration of 12 weeks. Pre-test and post-test measures will be conducted to evaluate changes in the variables of interest, as well as satisfaction with the program. The expected results are: a significant improvement in the variables related to active and healthy aging; a high satisfaction with the program by the participants; and a greater diffusion and social impact of the program through the podcast and the NeuronUp web application

Background: The skeletal muscle mass decreases with age and the responsiveness of aging muscles’ protein synthesis rate (MPS) to protein intake seems to deteriorate. Objective: This study investigated the impact of 12 months of protein supplementation with or without physical exercise training on the basal and postprandial MPS and the skeletal muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes (> 65 years, 29 females/37 males). Methods: Subjects were randomized to follow one of five intervention groups: (1) carbohydrate, (2) collagen protein, (3) whey protein, (4) home-based light resistance training with whey protein, and (5) center-based heavy-load resistance training with whey protein. Before and after the intervention, a tracer infusion trial was conducted to measure basal and postprandial MPS in response to intake of a cocktail consisting of 20 g whey hydrolysate + 10 g glucose. In addition, the skeletal muscle metabolome was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) at basal state and 4 h after the intake of the cocktail. Results: One year of daily protein or carbohydrate supplementation did not alter the basal and protein-stimulated postprandial muscle protein synthesis rate or the muscle metabolome of healthy older Danes. Basal MPS (%/h) at baseline for all subjects were 0.0034 ± 0,011 (mean ± SD). In contrast to previous studies, no difference was observed in basal MPS between males and females (p = 0.75). With the developed untargeted GC–MS methodology, it was possible to detect and tentatively annotate > 70 metabolites from the human skeletal muscle samples. Conclusion: One year of protein supplementation in comparison to an isocaloric-control supplement seems to affect neither the MPS at basal or postprandial state nor the skeletal muscle metabolome. Clinical trial registry: Number: NCT02115698, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02115698.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects on verbal fluency of a supported yoga-based exercise intervention to an aerobic exercise intervention and a wait-list control group. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two physically-inactive but otherwise healthy adults (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-85, 77% female) were recruited into a 12-week, three-group, parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants were supported to complete ≥3 Hatha yoga classes per/week or ≥3 structured aerobic exercise sessions/week. A wait-list control group continued usual daily activities only. Verbal fluency, including total-FAS, animals, and verbs, was assessed before and after interventions. Group effects were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were randomized to yoga, 29 to aerobic exercise and 26 to a waitlist. At 12-week follow-up, compared to baseline, there were increases in mean total-FAS in the yoga (+5.0 words, p=0.002) and aerobic exercise groups (+6.6 words, p=0.004). Mean total-FAS in the wait-list control group remained stable (-0.5 words, p=0.838). There were medium-magnitude estimated treatment effects on total-FAS for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: Hedges' g=0.51 (p=0.213) and 0.57 (p=0.098) respectively. In addition, small-to-medium magnitude estimated treatment effects were seen on animals and verbs for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: g=0.28 (p=0.155), 0.19 (p=0.766) and 0.50 (p=0.085), 0.59 (p=0.233) respectively. CONCLUSION: Participation in yoga or aerobic exercise was associated with estimated improvements in verbal fluency compared to a non-active control group. Yoga and aerobic exercise may be promising approaches by which to promote cognitive function among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00015093, U1111-1217-4248.

Edentulism is an irreversible condition, dental loss found a connection whit the positive discourses of aging that have gained strength at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, limiting processes of social participation, generating changes in quality of life, having a strong articulation with the biological relationships of people and being highly inequitable between social groups. Given the above, this article develops three key ideas to argue the fact that the development of aging from the positive discourse is limited without teeth in the oral cavity, the first is that life without teeth limits the development personal and social, the next is that the connection of the oral cavity with biological conditions is very close and the third is the stereotyping and judgment of the old edentulous in today’s society. The argued ideas could establish that it is necessary to give importance to the condition of being edentulous within the framework of positive aging and as an intervention in public health. Aging well is the flag of world policies, including the decade of Healthy Aging (2020-2030); the understanding and cohesion of health in all its disciplines is transcendental in favor of the current elders and the achievement of the gerotranscendence. Geriatrics, gerontology, public health, and even dentistry itself, today more than ever must work towards mitigating the appearance of edentulism in today's societies., El edentulismo es una condición irreversible. La pérdida dental encuentra conexión con los discursos positivos del envejecimiento, así como unas amplias repercusiones en estos, que han cobrado fuerza hacia finales del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI, limitando procesos de participación social, generando cambios en la calidad de vida, teniendo una articulación fuerte con las relaciones biológicas de las personas y siendo altamente inequitativo entre grupos sociales. Dado lo anterior, el presente artículo pretende desarrollar y argumentar tres ideas clave para sustentar que el envejecimiento desde el discurso positivo se ve limitado cuando la persona no tiene dientes: la primera es que la vida sin dientes restringe el desarrollo personal y social, la siguiente es que la conexión de la cavidad oral con las condiciones biológicas es muy estrecha y la tercera es la estereotipación y el juzgamiento del viejo edéntulo en la sociedad actual. Las ideas sustentadas argumentaron y soportaron la necesidad de dar importancia a la condición de ser edéntulo en el marco de un envejecimiento positivo y como intervención en salud pública. Envejecer bien es la bandera de las políticas mundiales, incluyendo la Década del Envejecimiento Saludable (2020-2030); el entender y la cohesión de la salud en todas sus disciplinas es trascendental en pro del viejo actual y del logro de su gerotrascendencia. La geriatría, la gerontología, la salud pública e incluso la misma odontología, hoy más que nunca, deben trabajar en favor de la mitigación de la aparición del edentulismo en las sociedades actuales.

Exposure to stress and attention fatigue resulting from changes in capabilities and residing in environments that do not align with individual needs can adversely impact older adults’ mental health and complicate ageing-in-place. Research into the psychological restoration process can help assist in alleviating these issues. Existing research on restoration perspectives has predominantly centred on university students and lacks comprehensive insights into older adults. Consequently, this study seeks to acquire a deeper understanding of the restorative theory framework within the context of ageing populations. We identified and analysed thirty-nine papers on the restoration process of older adults employing the scoping review method. Our findings indicate that adjustments to the general restorative theory framework are imperative for ageing populations. By incorporating additional features—such as being with and familiarity—the framework can more effectively support the development of age-inclusive neighbourhoods that enhance the mental health of the older population and facilitate healthy ageing-in-place. While more in-depth research is required on the restoration process of older adults, this research marks the initial in adapting the general framework to ageing populations. Furthermore, insight is given into how the adapted framework can contribute to help address the challenges of global ageing and support ageing-in-place.

The overall aim of the thesis was to examine factors associated with (Study 1), predictors (Study II), and experiences (Study III) involved with being active in working life after the expected retirement age and the experiences of exiting working life before the expected retirement age (Study IV). In Studies I and II, a quantitative approach was used, with data derived from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). In Studies III and IV, a qualitative approach was used, with data collected through semi-structured interviews. The results from Studies I and II revealed that being active in working life at age 66 was associated with being male, having a university education, working in a highly skilled occupation, having light physical activity at work, or having no more than one diagnosed disease. Being male (Studies I and II), having a university education (only in Study I) or working in a highly skilled occupation (only in Study II) were associated with being active in working life at age 72. The results from Studies III and IV revealed that from an individual perspective, health was a prominent aspect in either remaining in or exiting from working life. Staying active in working life increased feelings of vitality; the innermost dimension of health. Favorable working conditions could be beneficial to cognitive and physical health as well as to social well-being and a sense of meaningfulness. In contrast, strenuous working conditions contributed to the deterioration of health and pushed people at older ages toward an early exit from working life. The present results confirm the complexity regarding the predictors for being active in working life at older ages. The results add knowledge regarding how health in overall life and staying active in or exiting from working life at older ages can be experienced from a subjective perspective. With a successive increase in statutory retirement ages, the focus on the possibilities for healthy aging through being ac, Avhandlingsarbetet övergripande syfte var att undersöka faktorer associerade med (Studie I), prediktorer (Studie II), och erfarenheter av (Studie III) att vara aktiv i arbetslivet efter förväntad pensionsålder och erfarenheter av att avsluta yrkeslivet före förväntad pensionsålder (Studie IV). I de kvantitativa Studierna I och II användes data från The Swedish National Studie on Aging and Care (SNAC). I de kvalitativa studierna III och IV, samlades data in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultaten från Studie I och II visade att oavsett vilken studiedesign som använts var manligt kön, universitetsutbildning, arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning, ej haft ett fysiskt tungt arbete samt att inte ha mer än en diagnostiserad sjukdom associerade med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 66 års ålder. Medan manligt kön (både Studie I och II), ha universitetsutbildning (Studie I) eller att arbeta inom en profession som företrädesvis kräver 4-års universitetsutbildning (Studie II) var de faktorer som kunde associeras med att vara aktiv i arbetslivet vid 72 års ålder. Resultaten från Studie III och IV visade att hälsa var en framträdande aspekt för om deltagarna valt att antingen stanna kvar i, eller att avsluta arbetslivet vid högre ålder. Utifrån subjektiva erfarenheter kunde fortsatt arbete förstärka känslor av vitalitet, som betraktas som den innersta dimensionen av upplevd hälsa. Till exempel beskrevs att goda arbetsförhållanden gynnade kognitiv och fysisk hälsa samt socialt välbefinnande och tillförde känslor av meningsfullhet. Tvärtom, beskrevs att ansträngande arbetsförhållanden bidrog till försämrad hälsa vilket också bidrog till ett tidigt utträde ur arbetslivet. Föreliggande resultat bekräftar komplexiteten vad gäller förutsättningar för att vara aktiv i arbetslivet i högre åldrar. Resultaten tillför kunskap om hur upplevd hälsa i livet i stort och att hålla sig aktiv i eller lämna arbetslivet i högre åldrar kan erfaras frå

PURPOSE: To compare the effects on verbal fluency of a supported yoga-based exercise intervention to an aerobic exercise intervention and a wait-list control group. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two physically-inactive but otherwise healthy adults (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-85, 77% female) were recruited into a 12-week, three-group, parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants were supported to complete ≥3 Hatha yoga classes per/week or ≥3 structured aerobic exercise sessions/week. A wait-list control group continued usual daily activities only. Verbal fluency, including total-FAS, animals, and verbs, was assessed before and after interventions. Group effects were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants were randomized to yoga, 29 to aerobic exercise and 26 to a waitlist. At 12-week follow-up, compared to baseline, there were increases in mean total-FAS in the yoga (+5.0 words, p=0.002) and aerobic exercise groups (+6.6 words, p=0.004). Mean total-FAS in the wait-list control group remained stable (-0.5 words, p=0.838). There were medium-magnitude estimated treatment effects on total-FAS for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: Hedges' g=0.51 (p=0.213) and 0.57 (p=0.098) respectively. In addition, small-to-medium magnitude estimated treatment effects were seen on animals and verbs for yoga versus wait-list control and aerobic exercise versus wait-list control: g=0.28 (p=0.155), 0.19 (p=0.766) and 0.50 (p=0.085), 0.59 (p=0.233) respectively. CONCLUSION: Participation in yoga or aerobic exercise was associated with estimated improvements in verbal fluency compared to a non-active control group. Yoga and aerobic exercise may be promising approaches by which to promote cognitive function among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00015093, U1111-1217-4248.