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The intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou is born and grows essentially basing local environmental protection. Doubling efforts in protecting the ecological environment is the key to enabling the live transmission of such non-material cultural heritage. To better preserve the environment in places inhabited by ethnic minorities, this paper probed into and verified the live transmission tourism development of the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, in virtue of the evaluation system built applying the dimensionless method. The results suggested that tourism development has improved the ecological environment of ethnic minority villages. Digitally, the utilization rate of clean energy and resource exceeded 85% and 76.8%, while the vegetarian coverage and afforestation area reached 45% and 137.4 hectares respectively. That made level 5 the impact of the intangible cultural heritage tourism development of ethnic minorities on the corresponding ecological environment, enabling joint development.

The EU is currently under an energy transition and the phase-out of coal mining and burning. The Bełchatów brown coal mine is scheduled to stop its operations in 2036. It is crucial to analyse the transformation of the coal mining regions as a multilayered problem, which requires an insight into the creation of new employment opportunities, restructuring of the social institutions and remediation and revitalisation of the degraded environment. I focused on the implementation of wood pastures, which are currently not researched in the context of post-coal mining landscapes. Wood sheep pastures have a positive influence on degraded landscapes by enhancing the accumulation of soil organic carbon, soil formation, water-holding capacity, development of soil microorganisms and provision of varied habitats for different species. Local employment will have higher resilience if industrial heritage tourism is supported by pastoral tourism and the manufacturing of sheep-derived products. Through literature review, I found that the local economy, society and landscape altogether will benefit from shepherdism if it is implemented along with social change and land management transition towards community-led common pool resource institutions. They are advantageous by being governed by a group of members, local and scientific knowledge diversity, high consent with decisions, improved monitoring and socio-ecological endurance. Finally, the application of sheep pastoralism in multiple post-coal mining sites can contribute to the revival of sheep farming in Poland.

Join the Canyonlands Field Institute for a guided rafting trip along Utah’s San Juan River, where emotional connections are made between the kids, the water and the land. Utah guide organizations have gained national prominence in adventure education, offering multi-day youth programs that traverse Southern Utah’s iconic rivers, ancient canyons and cultural landmarks.

For artists, musicians and athletes, Salt Lake City is a place to play. “The breadth of cultural opportunities, in addition to the incredible scenery — it really elevates the quality of life here," says principal flutist Mercedes Smith. The richness of Utah's culture shows what nature and the arts can inspire when both are right outside your front door.

The official Utah Travel Guide, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The aim of this dissertation is to shed light on the phenomenon of commodification of communist memoryscapes in Europe, exploring the main strategies and forms of urban and mnemonic re-branding of post-socialist capitals. Illuminating the variety of commercial solutions for dealing with “difficult” legacies of communism in Europe, the thesis aims to enhance our understanding of actors, processes and dynamics framing the contemporary engagement with communist urban heritage. Relying on grounded theory method, triangulated through multiple case study, participatory observation and netnography, the study examines patterns of convergence in spatial, mnemonic and narrative organisations of communist urban experiences. Elaborating commodification of (1) communist landmarks (iconic buildings), (2) suburban heritage (statues, parks), (3) underground spaces (communist bunkers) (4) cultural objects (museums of communism), (5) urban discourses (guided city tours) and (6) urban hospitality (communist restaurants), the analysis thus reveals different urban and narrative “commercial interventions” in post-communist urban landscape. Through the in-depth analysis of major communist museums, tours, landmarks, bunkers, peripheries and hospitality spaces across Central and East Europe, the dissertation accentuates similarities and divergences in contemporary discursive, spatial and commercial treatment of communism. It reveals particular mechanisms and outcomes of commodification, which emerges both as a strategy to “contain” communism and “re-pack” it for tourist consumption. Ultimately, the thesis argues that commodification of communism is the essential aspect of contemporary tourist narratives, curatorial practices and urban organisation of communist memoryscapes. It identifies and interprets urban, mnemonic, discursive and experiential manifestations of commodification, arguing that commercial engagement with communism fundamentally, El objetivo de esta disertación es arrojar luz sobre el fenómeno de la mercantilización de los paisajes de memoria comunistas en Europa, explorando las principales estrategias y formas de cambio de marca urbana y mnemotécnica de las capitales postsocialistas. Iluminando la variedad de soluciones comerciales para lidiar con los legados “difíciles” del comunismo en Europa, la tesis tiene como objetivo mejorar nuestra comprensión de los actores, procesos y dinámicas que enmarcan el compromiso contemporáneo con el patrimonio urbano comunista. Basándose en el método de la teoría fundamentada, triangulado a través del estudio de casos múltiples, la observación participativa y la netnografía, el estudio examina los patrones de convergencia en las organizaciones espaciales, mnemotécnicas y narrativas de las experiencias urbanas comunistas. Elaborando la mercantilización de (1) hitos comunistas (edificios icónicos), (2) patrimonio suburbano (estatuas, parques), (3) espacios subterráneos (bunkers comunistas) (4) objetos culturales (museos del comunismo), (5) discursos urbanos ( visitas guiadas por la ciudad) y (6) hospitalidad urbana (restaurantes comunistas), el análisis revela así diferentes “intervenciones comerciales” urbanas y narrativas en el paisaje urbano poscomunista. A través del análisis en profundidad de los principales museos, recorridos, puntos de referencia, búnkeres, periferias y espacios de hospitalidad comunistas en Europa Central y Oriental, la disertación acentúa las similitudes y divergencias en el tratamiento discursivo, espacial y comercial contemporáneo del comunismo. Revela mecanismos y resultados particulares de la mercantilización, que surge tanto como una estrategia para “contener” el comunismo como para “reempaquetarlo” para el consumo turístico. En última instancia, la tesis argumenta que la mercantilización del comunismo es el aspecto esencial de las narrativas turísticas contemporáneas, las practi, Escuela de Doctorado, Doctorado en Arquitectura

Digitisation of library materials offers Library and Information Services (LIS) organisations, national libraries in particular, opportunities to preserve and manage fragile and unique materials, by protecting their physical, saving them from deteriorating and facilitating unmediated access to such collection. The aim of the study was to examine processes involved in the digitisation of the South African National Documentary and Cultural Heritage for the purpose of preservation and access at the national library of South Africa (NLSA). The study was guided by the systems theory by looking into the selection, processing and disseminating of digital records at the NLSA. The study examined adherence to the policies and national legislative frameworks, the technologies used for digitization and access to digitized collections, tools used for accessing digital collections, as well the challenges experienced in the NLSA digitization project. Qualitative research methodology was adopted, through a case-study research whereby, semi-structured interviews, document analysis and observations were triangulated as data collection methods for the study. The key findings showed that the digitisation project at the NLSA adheres to pieces of national legislation and international guidelines such as International Standards Organization (ISO), the and draft digitisation policy developed by the Department of Sports, Arts and Culture which takes into consideration the national legislative framework such as the RSA Constitution, the NLSA Act, the Legal Deposit Act, Copyright legislation, and the Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA). However, the content analysis of these legislation did not mention anything about the handling and management of digital collections. Technologies and equipment used in the digitisation process included high quality scanners, servers and hard drives with software such as Optical Character Recognition, Content document management software and the NLSA

Join the Canyonlands Field Institute for a guided rafting trip along Utah’s San Juan River, where emotional connections are made between the kids, the water and the land. Utah guide organizations have gained national prominence in adventure education, offering multi-day youth programs that traverse Southern Utah’s iconic rivers, ancient canyons and cultural landmarks.

For artists, musicians and athletes, Salt Lake City is a place to play. “The breadth of cultural opportunities, in addition to the incredible scenery — it really elevates the quality of life here," says principal flutist Mercedes Smith. The richness of Utah's culture shows what nature and the arts can inspire when both are right outside your front door.

The official Utah Travel Guide, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

Research Aims: this research aims to identify the internal and external environment towards the Betawi Cultural Village as the tourism destination, based on the currently-available features; attractions, facilities and services, event/festival of tourism activities, culinary, homestay and tour packages. Design/Methodology/Approach: this research relied on 3-step FGD to formulate the Importance Performance Analysis from a total of 110 business practitioners in the Betawi Cultural Village, and an additional of 15 individuals, who are historians, community leaders, government officers, artists, and customers. Research Findings: The findings showed that the Betawi Cultural Village should focus on tour packages, community attractions, homestay, and culinary as the top activities as they can draw crowds. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: this research identifies the main activities to be emphasized in the Betawi Cultural Village; tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary, using the importance-performance analysis (IPA). These activities have the necessary supporting individuals and have shown to have the ability to bring crowds into the area. Other available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. Practitioner/Policy Implication: this research formulated insights for marketers, policymakers, and tour operators to better understand how the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan can be sustained. All of the currently-available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. The research highlights 4 main activities to bring crowds in visiting the Betawi Cultural Village via tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary. These findings are expected to facilitate marketers, and tour operators in sustaining the business operations, and for policymakers in approaching their decision-making strategy Research Limitation: this study emphasizes on the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan, the general application of the

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo el análisis estratégico turístico de los refugios antiaéreos de la Guerra Civil española (1936 1939), y su capacidad factual y potencial de turistización. El estudio se centra en el caso de la provincia catalana de Girona, territorio con unas especificidades históricas y geográficas que han propiciado una situación singular en la conservación de este valioso conjunto patrimonial cultural. La investigación incluye un estado de la cuestión sobre el problema y una aprox imación metodológica de carácter cualitativo mediante la matriz de análisis DAFO, así como las técnicas de trabajo de campo y entrevista informal no estructurada a expertos en el tema y personal técnico de la administración local. El trabajo propugna que los refugios antiaéreos constituyen una categoría relevante, bien definida y estudiada dentro de los vestigios patrimoniales de la Guerra Civil, cuya valorización turística en la zona es aún escasa, pero con un enorme potencial de crecimiento. En este sentido, se valida la hipótesis de partida y se concluye que dicho crecimiento requiere de una gestión estratégica territorial integral, inexistente hasta la fecha, que involucre a todos los agentes turísticos y culturales implicados en la gestión y puesta en valor de este extenso conjunto patrimonial en la provincia de Girona., This paper seeks to conduct a tourism strategic analysis of the air raid shelters of the Spanish Civil War (1936 1939), and their factual capacity and potential for attracting tourists. The study focuses on the case of the Catalan province of Girona, a territory with historical and geographical specificities that have provided a unique situation in the conservation of this significant cultural heritage site. The research includes a state of the question regarding the issue, taking a qualitative methodological approach, based on the SWOT analysis matrix, field work and also informal unstructured interview s with subject matter experts and technical staff of the local administration The work advocates that air raid shelters constitute a relevant, well defined and studied category within the Spanish Civil War’s heritage vestiges, the tourist value of which is still scarce in this area but with an enormous growth potential. In this regard, the initial hypothesis is validated and we can conclude that such growth requires a comprehensive strategic management, non-existent to date, which involves all the tourist and cultural agents engaged in the management and enhancement of this extensive heritage landscape in the province of Girona.

Research Aims: this research aims to identify the internal and external environment towards the Betawi Cultural Village as the tourism destination, based on the currently-available features; attractions, facilities and services, event/festival of tourism activities, culinary, homestay and tour packages. Design/Methodology/Approach: this research relied on 3-step FGD to formulate the Importance Performance Analysis from a total of 110 business practitioners in the Betawi Cultural Village, and an additional of 15 individuals, who are historians, community leaders, government officers, artists, and customers. Research Findings: The findings showed that the Betawi Cultural Village should focus on tour packages, community attractions, homestay, and culinary as the top activities as they can draw crowds. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: this research identifies the main activities to be emphasized in the Betawi Cultural Village; tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary, using the importance-performance analysis (IPA). These activities have the necessary supporting individuals and have shown to have the ability to bring crowds into the area. Other available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. Practitioner/Policy Implication: this research formulated insights for marketers, policymakers, and tour operators to better understand how the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan can be sustained. All of the currently-available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. The research highlights 4 main activities to bring crowds in visiting the Betawi Cultural Village via tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary. These findings are expected to facilitate marketers, and tour operators in sustaining the business operations, and for policymakers in approaching their decision-making strategy Research Limitation: this study emphasizes on the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan, the general application of the

Research Aims: this research aims to identify the internal and external environment towards the Betawi Cultural Village as the tourism destination, based on the currently-available features; attractions, facilities and services, event/festival of tourism activities, culinary, homestay and tour packages. Design/Methodology/Approach: this research relied on 3-step FGD to formulate the Importance Performance Analysis from a total of 110 business practitioners in the Betawi Cultural Village, and an additional of 15 individuals, who are historians, community leaders, government officers, artists, and customers. Research Findings: The findings showed that the Betawi Cultural Village should focus on tour packages, community attractions, homestay, and culinary as the top activities as they can draw crowds. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: this research identifies the main activities to be emphasized in the Betawi Cultural Village; tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary, using the importance-performance analysis (IPA). These activities have the necessary supporting individuals and have shown to have the ability to bring crowds into the area. Other available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. Practitioner/Policy Implication: this research formulated insights for marketers, policymakers, and tour operators to better understand how the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan can be sustained. All of the currently-available features may not have the same level of attractiveness. The research highlights 4 main activities to bring crowds in visiting the Betawi Cultural Village via tour packages, community attraction, homestay, and culinary. These findings are expected to facilitate marketers, and tour operators in sustaining the business operations, and for policymakers in approaching their decision-making strategy Research Limitation: this study emphasizes on the Betawi Cultural Village in Lake Babakan, the general application of the

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

[ES] Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el proyecto de virtualización del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, en la localidad de Daimiel (Ciudad Real, España). En líneas generales, esta actividad está posibilitando obtener unos beneficios interesantes en torno a la investigación, documentación, interpretación y divulgación de este enclave prehistórico. La incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas en el campo del patrimonio arqueológico y cultural, como la documentación digital y la realidad virtual (RV), están constituyendo un impulso relevante para favorecer la gestión de este legado. Los avances experimentados en áreas como la digitalización 3D y la RV permiten desarrollar estas técnicas sobre una amplia tipología de bienes culturales, de diferentes características y cronologías, abriendo un considerable abanico de posibilidades. En este sentido, las valoraciones que está ofreciendo la aplicación de estos instrumentos, en virtud de los resultados alcanzados en diversos lugares, están significando una experiencia positiva para cualquier territorio; útil para aproximarse a su pasado y atractivo desde el punto de vista económico, cultural y social. Es por ello que cada vez son más las instituciones y entidades interesadas en este sector. En el caso del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer, las labores de digitalización y virtualización emprendidas, junto con otras actividades de difusión, han generado productos de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y promoción de este monumento. Como se expone en las siguientes páginas, la correcta combinación de la digitalización 3D y la RV está suponiendo una dinamización de sus contenidos, un estímulo para disfrutar plenamente de la riqueza de sus vestigios y una mayor accesibilidad hacia los mismos.Destacados:• Este artículo presenta un proyecto que está permitiendo avanzar en la interpretación y difusión del yacimiento arqueológico de la Motilla del Azuer.• Apuesta por la incorporación de las n, [EN] This article presents the virtualization project of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site in Daimiel (Ciudad Real, Spain). This project is using new and unique tools for the research, documentation, interpretation and dissemination of this important prehistoric site. The incorporation of advanced technological tools in the field of archaeological and cultural heritage, such as digital documentation and virtual reality (VR), are creating new avenues for managing cultural legacies. Modern advances in 3D digitization and VR allow the application of these techniques on a wide range of cultural assets with different characteristics and chronologies, opening a broad spectrum of new possibilities in research, education, and public outreach. This is an expanding area of heritage management as it creates a positive impact on the economic, cultural and social activities of local communities and regions. Because of these positive impacts, more and more stakeholders such as institutions, administrations, and heritage organisations are taking an active interest in this sector of technological development. In the case of the Motilla del Azuer archaeological site, the digitization and virtualization work undertaken, along with other dissemination activities, have provided critical products for the presentation, interpretation, and promotion of this monument.La Motilla del Azuer is one of the most unique archaeological sites in Spain. Dating from the Bronze Age, it is a fortification with a central plan, formed by three lines of concentric walls distributed around a central tower (Fig. 2). Inside, the labyrinthine shape of the access systems is remarkable, made up of narrow corridors, stairs, ramps... This defensive enclosure allowed the protection and control of essential products for the people of the Bronze Age. Its true uniqueness is that it encloses monumental water well more than 15 m deep.La Motilla del Azuer is open to the public and receives thousands of visitors

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo el análisis estratégico turístico de los refugios antiaéreos de la Guerra Civil española (1936 1939), y su capacidad factual y potencial de turistización. El estudio se centra en el caso de la provincia catalana de Girona, territorio con unas especificidades históricas y geográficas que han propiciado una situación singular en la conservación de este valioso conjunto patrimonial cultural. La investigación incluye un estado de la cuestión sobre el problema y una aprox imación metodológica de carácter cualitativo mediante la matriz de análisis DAFO, así como las técnicas de trabajo de campo y entrevista informal no estructurada a expertos en el tema y personal técnico de la administración local. El trabajo propugna que los refugios antiaéreos constituyen una categoría relevante, bien definida y estudiada dentro de los vestigios patrimoniales de la Guerra Civil, cuya valorización turística en la zona es aún escasa, pero con un enorme potencial de crecimiento. En este sentido, se valida la hipótesis de partida y se concluye que dicho crecimiento requiere de una gestión estratégica territorial integral, inexistente hasta la fecha, que involucre a todos los agentes turísticos y culturales implicados en la gestión y puesta en valor de este extenso conjunto patrimonial en la provincia de Girona., This paper seeks to conduct a tourism strategic analysis of the air raid shelters of the Spanish Civil War (1936 1939), and their factual capacity and potential for attracting tourists. The study focuses on the case of the Catalan province of Girona, a territory with historical and geographical specificities that have provided a unique situation in the conservation of this significant cultural heritage site. The research includes a state of the question regarding the issue, taking a qualitative methodological approach, based on the SWOT analysis matrix, field work and also informal unstructured interview s with subject matter experts and technical staff of the local administration The work advocates that air raid shelters constitute a relevant, well defined and studied category within the Spanish Civil War’s heritage vestiges, the tourist value of which is still scarce in this area but with an enormous growth potential. In this regard, the initial hypothesis is validated and we can conclude that such growth requires a comprehensive strategic management, non-existent to date, which involves all the tourist and cultural agents engaged in the management and enhancement of this extensive heritage landscape in the province of Girona.

Emotions embody the value in tourism experiences and drive essential outcomes such as intent to recommend. Current models do not explain how the ebb and flow of emotional arousal during an experience relate to outcomes, however. We analyzed 15 participants’ experiences at the Vincentre museum and guided village tour in Nuenen, the Netherlands. This Vincent van Gogh-themed experience led to a wide range of intent to recommend and emotional arousal, measured as continuous phasic skin conductance, across participants and exhibits. Mixed-effects analyses modeled emotional arousal as a function of proximity to exhibits and intent to recommend. Experiences with the best outcomes featured moments of both high and low emotional arousal, not one continuous “high,” with more emotion during the middle of the experience. Tourist experience models should account for a complex relationship between emotions experienced and outcomes such as intent to recommend. Simply put, more emotion is not always better.

The official Utah Travel Guide, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The concept of conserving geoheritage was announced in 1991 because of concern about the disappearing geological and geomorphological integrity from the Earth's surface. The degradation imposes a high risk on resilience and future scientific work. Geology-related research has primarily been linked to natural hazard mitigation studies and mineral resource exploration and management. In this study, we build a conceptual framework for geoheritage conservation to incorporate geoeducation into land use planning in Auckland. The study's main goal is to assist geoheritage conservation initiatives in the Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF) by providing a synthesis of concepts and their integration into a GIS environment for successful policy implementation. In the lack of clearly defined values, the valuer must rely on their own perception of value that is shaped by cultural, economic and scientific background. The peer-reviewed scientific literature contains a collection of concepts that need to be organised into a framework. The difficulty of quantifying the benefits of protecting scientific value led to the inclusion of cultural, touristic, aesthetic, recreational and biotic values. Scientific value in the light of economic benefits can be easily overviewed as we revealed it through a meta-analysis of influencing factors on the conceptual background of geoheritage implementations. A conceptual framework must reinforce Geoeducation as the essence of geoheritage. Geopreservation Inventory is the result of a collaboration of New Zealand Earth Scientists under the leadership of Bruce Hayward. The recognised geoheritage sites still wait for recognition and inclusion in urban planning under a clarified geoheritage preservation plan. From a broad aspect, the outstanding features are all small-volume volcanoes, but the inventory clearly reflects their diverse nature. It is seen from the map that none of the features that were assigned the highest importance is typical tourist destinat

This study aims to investigate the effects of tourist engagement dimensions on revisit and Word of Mouth (WOM) intentions of heritage tourists. The data were collected from domestic tourists in the heritage city of Kashan, Iran. To analyse the collected data, this study applies Partial Least Squares — Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) as a symmetric analysis technique, as well as fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) as an asymmetric analysis approach to strengthen the findings. The findings of PLS-SEM showed the significant effect of the absorption dimension on revisit intention, whereas these results demonstrated the significant effects of the dimensions of interaction, and identification on WOM intention. However, the results of fsQCA identified more heterogeneous combinations of dimensions of visitor engagement to predict revisit and WOM intentions. Overall, this study contributes to the extant literature on tourist engagement by constructing a composite picture of tourist engagement dimensions on the behavioural intentions of heritage tourists. The study’s theoretical contributions, its restrictions and practical implications for heritage site operators are further discussed.

The official Utah Travel Guide, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

This study aims to investigate the effects of tourist engagement dimensions on revisit and Word of Mouth (WOM) intentions of heritage tourists. The data were collected from domestic tourists in the heritage city of Kashan, Iran. To analyse the collected data, this study applies Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) as a symmetric analysis technique, as well as fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) as an asymmetric analysis approach to strengthen the findings. The findings of PLS-SEM showed the significant effect of the absorption dimension on revisit intention, whereas these results demonstrated the significant effects of the dimensions of interaction, and identification on WOM intention. However, the results of fsQCA identified more heterogeneous combinations of dimensions of visitor engagement to predict revisit and WOM intentions. Overall, this study contributes to the extant literature on tourist engagement by constructing a composite picture of tourist engagement dimensions on the behavioural intentions of heritage tourists. The study’s theoretical contributions, its restrictions and practical implications for heritage site operators are further discussed.

The discrepancy between authenticity regarding heritage conservation and perceived authenticity in heritage tourism has been extensively discussed and seen as an obstacle for sustainable heritage tourism and management. In this article, we reviewed the notion of authenticity respectively in heritage conservation and in heritage tourism, interviewed 5 experts and 363 tourists regarding three cultural heritages in Nanjing, China. Findings indicate that once visitors are fully aware of the essential nature, the cultural significance of the cultural heritage, and the connotation of authenticity in heritage conservation, they can assess the cultural values and the authenticity of a given heritage property intellectually from the perspective of conservation. Tourists’ assessment also significantly affects their perceived authenticity and satisfaction. We argue that, heritage conservation can be compatible with heritage consumption, by publicizing sufficient heritage information and encouraging the exchange of heritage knowledge between conservation practitioners and the public., History & Complexity, Housing Institutions & Governance

This study aims to investigate the effects of tourist engagement dimensions on revisit and Word of Mouth (WOM) intentions of heritage tourists. The data were collected from domestic tourists in the heritage city of Kashan, Iran. To analyse the collected data, this study applies Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) as a symmetric analysis technique, as well as fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) as an asymmetric analysis approach to strengthen the findings. The findings of PLS-SEM showed the significant effect of the absorption dimension on revisit intention, whereas these results demonstrated the significant effects of the dimensions of interaction, and identification on WOM intention. However, the results of fsQCA identified more heterogeneous combinations of dimensions of visitor engagement to predict revisit and WOM intentions. Overall, this study contributes to the extant literature on tourist engagement by constructing a composite picture of tourist engagement dimensions on the behavioural intentions of heritage tourists. The study’s theoretical contributions, its restrictions and practical implications for heritage site operators are further discussed.

The advantages of applying a multi-sensorial approach to the experimentation of objects, historical sites and heritage practices have been widely discussed and applied, especially in the sphere of the sensory tourist experience. Expanding opportunities to understand the past through a broader sensorium is fundamental to awakening interest, encouraging tourists/visitors to use the five senses to explore the surrounding environment, facilitating the creation of memorable experiences and contributing to inclusive tourism. The vernacular architecture, as a cultural heritage of symbolic value and belonging to the imaginary of collective memory, is an important vector of the aesthetic values of urban landscapes. Therefore, there is a need to stimulate synergies between tourism and heritage to develop tourism products that help in the valorization and preservation of vernacular architecture in historical territories/centres. The "Hand of Fatima", the door knocker shaped as a closed-hand, is one of these decorative elements and part of the collective cultural heritage, which, more than achieving a utilitarian function, has a symbolic and even superstitious role, for being considered by many as talismans of protection. This research investigates the perceived sensorial experiences in the city of Lagos, located in the Algarve region, south of Portugal, and the specific sensitive element of door knockers known as the "Hand of Fatima" at the historic centre of this city. Many of these objects are true works of art that allow inclusive sensory experiences for many people. Therefore, a qualitative and exploratory approach was adopted, and a Geographic Information System was used to compile and analyze the data. The research concludes that there are diverse sensory experiences. Concerning hand doors knockers, there is a great concentration in this urban area, which enable multiple sensory experiences, contributing to the understanding of the historic centre of Lagos as a living mu, Peer Reviewed

Los hitos patrimoniales y los valores históricos suelen coexistir con lugares y regiones de notable riqueza ambiental y paisajística. Este artículo estudia su capacidad para generar una comprensión global de su territorio a través de la creación de rutas culturales. La metodología propuesta se verifica a través del estudio de las características defensivas del antiguo Reino Nazarí, el último territorio islámico de la Península Ibérica desde el siglo XIII hasta el siglo XV, que dio forma a la región española conocida como el Reino de Granada hasta el siglo XIX. Para realizar este estudio se ha llevado a cabo una recopilación precisa de datos físicos (topografía, hitos, recursos, centros de población...), caminos públicos existentes y sitios naturales protegidos. También se seleccionaron y cartografiaron las rutas culturales pertinentes para el área de estudio a través de SIG. Un conjunto de indicadores priorizados a través de un proceso de jerarquía analítica (analytic hierarchy process AHP) han evaluado los itinerarios propuestos. Esta metodología permite el análisis integral de parámetros como patrimonio natural, redes de caminos existentes, patrimonio arquitectónico defensivo, rutas culturales existentes o proximidad a servicios básicos. Su aplicación permite obtener un índice que cuantifica las implicaciones globales de estos parámetros en el diseño de nuevos itinerarios. Esto conduce al desarrollo de una red con su propia narrativa que proporciona un significado histórico, ambiental y cultural. Las torres de vigilancia en esta región han sido estudiadas previamente como entidades arquitectónicas aisladas y localmente relevantes. Este trabajo las analiza desde una perspectiva global, considerando cada una de ellas como una pieza de un complejo sistema defensivo y territorial. Las rutas culturales surgen de esta interpretación conjunta como herramientas para restaurar y resaltar la interrelación entre el patrimonio arquitectónico y el territorio y las personas.

La ricerca dell'autenticità negli studi sul turismo è stata una delle questioni più interessanti e controverse per molti studiosi di diverse discipline. A partire dalla diffusione del turismo di massa, nei primi anni 60, passando per le trasformazioni del turismo avvenute nel corso degli ultimi decenni e gli importanti cambiamenti che hanno caratterizzato il mondo contemporaneo, l'attenzione per ciò che è autentico per il turista è stata oggetto di grande attenzione. Gli studi si sono sviluppati al fine di comprendere il comportamento dei turisti, le motivazioni dietro le loro scelte, e la relazione tra turisti e loro esperienze di viaggio. Il discorso sociologico sull'autenticità è stato iniziato da Dean MacCannell all'interno di un quadro più ampio riguardante il rapporto tra turismo e modernità, ma negli anni è diventato più sofisticato con l’adozione di chiavi di lettura differenti: l'esperienza dell’autenticità e l'autenticità di un luogo, l'autenticità della conoscenza e l'autenticità delle sensazioni. Il discorso sull'autenticità è sempre stato strettamente legato alla dimensione della cultura, dell'incontro delle culture, dello scambio culturale e del rispetto della diversità. Inoltre, l'autenticità è diventata una qualità, e la sua espressione, artificiosa o naturale, continua ad essere un discorso aperto, che riguarda, tra gli altri, la sostenibilità e il turismo sostenibile. Recentemente la sostenibilità è emersa come un obiettivo primario nel processo decisionale relativo al turismo. Gli attori del settore turistico, compresi i turisti e le comunità locali, sono ora molto più consapevoli dell'importanza della sostenibilità nel turismo rispetto al passato. Varie istituzioni, tra cui l'UNWTO, hanno dichiarato che il turismo deve diventare uno strumento efficace per lo sviluppo sostenibile per il raggiungimento degli SDGs. Così, diventa cruciale chiarire come il concetto di autenticità, che ancora rappresenta una spinta significativa nelle scelte turistiche, The quest for authenticity in tourism studies has been on of the most interesting and controversial issue for many scholars from different disciplines. Starting from the diffusion of mass tourism, in the early 60s, passing through tourism transformations that occurred over the decades, alongside the important changes that have characterized the contemporary world, the attention for what is authentic for tourist has been highly investigated. This attention was taken in order to understand the behaviours of tourists, the motivational forces behind their choices and the relation between tourists and their travel experiences. The sociological discourse of authenticity was initiated by Dean MacCannell within a broader framework regarding the relationship between tourism and modernity but over the years became more sophisticated with the introduction of some distinctions: the experience of authenticity and the authenticity of a place, the authenticity of knowledge and the authenticity of feeling. The discourse on authenticity has always been strictly connected with the dimension of culture, meeting cultures, cultural exchange and respect of diversity. Moreover, authenticity became a quality, and its expression, contrived or natural, continues to be an open discourse, that concerns, among others, sustainability and sustainable tourism. Recently sustainability has emerged as a primary goal in tourism-related decision-making. Stakeholders in the tourism sector, including tourists and host communities, are now considerably more aware of the importance of sustainability in tourism than they were in the past. Institutions, as UNWTO, have declared that tourism has to become an effective tool for sustainable development for SDGs achievement. Thus, it becomes crucial to clarify how the concept of authenticity, which is still a significant drive in tourism, is being transformed and is penetrating in sustainable tourism definitions and practices, both for hosts, for tourists, and fo

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the interplay of memorable tourism experiences (MTE) dimensions in driving behavioral intentions of heritage tourists through themediating role of satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: Empirical data were collected from tourists in the heritage city of Kashan, Iran. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were applied to analyze the data. Findings: The results of PLS-SEM showed that three dimensions of MTE as follows: local culture, involvement and knowledge, significantly directly or indirectly influence tourists’ behavioral intention toward a destination. However, the results of fsQCA identified greater heterogeneity among the respondents by highlighting the positive effects of hedonism and novelty on satisfaction and revisit and word-of-mouth intentions. Originality/value: This study enriches the empirical evidence on MTE by constructing a composite picture of the memorability of tourists’ experiences within a heritage tourism context. This study is one of the first to investigate the effects of dimensions of MTE on behavioral intentions using both symmetric (PLS-SEM) and asymmetric approaches to identify the more significant dimensions of MTE, as well as sufficient combinations of dimensions to predict behavioral intentions., 基于遗产旅游情境下的游客满意度对难忘旅游体验和行为意向之间关系的中介效应的研究 研究目的: 本文旨在研究难忘旅游体验 (MTE) 各维度通过满意度这个中介变量来驱动遗产旅游游客行为意图的机制 研究设计/方法论/研究方法: 实证数据是从伊朗遗产城市卡尚的游客那里收集的。本研究采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）和模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）对数据进行分析 研究发现: 偏最小二乘结构方程模型的研究结果表明，难忘旅游体验（MTE）的三个维度：当地文化、参与度和熟悉程度，显著地直接或间接地影响游客对目的地的行为意向。然而，模糊集定性比较分析的研究结果表明受访者间存在更大的异质性，其结果凸显了享乐主义和新鲜感对满意度、重游意向和口碑(WOM)意向的正效应 独创性/价值: 本研究通过构建遗产旅游背景下游客体验难忘性的相互影响机制，丰富了关于难忘旅游体验（MTE）的实证研究证据。本研究是第一个同时使用对称方法（PLS-SEM）和非对称方法（fsQCA）来探究MTE各维度对行为意向的影响的研究之一，通过这种方式可以识别出MTE各维度中更为重要的维度以及维度组合，以此来预测行为意向, Estudio del papel mediador de la satisfacción del visitante en la relación entre las experiencias turísticas memorables y las intenciones de comportamiento en el contexto del turismo patrimonialt Propósito: Este artículo investiga la influencia de las dimensiones de las experiencias turísticas memorables (ETM) en el fomento de las intenciones de comportamiento de los turistas del patrimonio a través del papel mediador de la satisfacción.. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Se recogieron datos empíricos de turistas en la ciudad patrimonial de Kashan, Irán. Para analizar los datos se aplicaron las técnicas partial least squares — structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) y fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Conclusiones: Los resultados que proporcionó el análisis PLS-SEM mostraron que tres dimensiones de las ETM: cultura local, implicación y conocimiento, influyen significativamente, de forma directa o indirecta, en la intención de comportamiento de los turistas hacia un destino. Sin embargo, los resultados del enfoque fsQCA identificaron una mayor heterogeneidad entre los encuestados al destacar los efectos positivos del hedonismo y la novedad sobre la satisfacción y las intenciones tanto de volver a visitar el destino como de realizar una comunicación de boca a boca (WOM). Originalidad/valor: Este estudio enriquece la evidencia empírica sobre las ETM al construir una imagen combinada del carácter memorable de las experiencias de los turistas dentro de un contexto de turismo patrimonial. Este estudio es uno de los primeros en investigar los efectos de las dimensiones las ETM en las intenciones de comportamiento utilizando enfoques simétricos (PLS-SEM) y asimétricos para identificar las dimensiones más significativas las ETM, así como para determinar las combinaciones necesarias de dimensiones para predecir las intenciones de comportamiento.

This study aims to investigate the interplay of visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image in driving revisit and electronic word of mouth (eWOM) intentions of heritage tourists through the mediating role of Memorable Tourism Experiences (MTE). The data for this research were collected from tourists in the UNESCO-listed heritage city of Kashan, Iran. Using a convergent parallel mixed methods approach, the study’s findings highlighted the importance of MTE as a mediator of these interrelationships. The results also identified the positive direct and indirect effects of visitor engagement on revisit and eWOM intentions. The indirect effects of authenticity on revisit and eWOM intentions through MTE were also significant. The findings also showed the positive direct and indirect effects of destination image on eWOM intention, with the indirect effect on revisit intention being significant. The practical implications of the study and potential future directions for research are also discussed in the conclusion section.

The discrepancy between authenticity regarding heritage conservation and perceived authenticity in heritage tourism has been extensively discussed and seen as an obstacle for sustainable heritage tourism and management. In this article, we reviewed the notion of authenticity respectively in heritage conservation and in heritage tourism, interviewed 5 experts and 363 tourists regarding three cultural heritages in Nanjing, China. Findings indicate that once visitors are fully aware of the essential nature, the cultural significance of the cultural heritage, and the connotation of authenticity in heritage conservation, they can assess the cultural values and the authenticity of a given heritage property intellectually from the perspective of conservation. Tourists’ assessment also significantly affects their perceived authenticity and satisfaction. We argue that, heritage conservation can be compatible with heritage consumption, by publicizing sufficient heritage information and encouraging the exchange of heritage knowledge between conservation practitioners and the public., History & Complexity, Housing Institutions & Governance

The guidelines on heritage management adopted by the 2018 Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting provide the most recent iteration for an Antarctic tourism sector which had, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, been projected to increase further with various risks and potential impacts requiring careful management. In this paper the role of cultural heritage for tourism prior to the COVID-19 pandemic is examined through three empirical perspectives. First, how the Antarctic cultural heritage is represented through the designation of Historic Sites and Monuments and Site Guidelines for Visitors; then how this is presented through tourism operators’ websites; and, finally, how it is experienced by visitors as narrated in open-source social media information. Each dataset suggests that, while cultural heritage is an important component of an increasingly commodified tourist offering, it is only part of an assemblage of elements which combine to create a subliminal and largely intangible Antarctic experience. In particular, a polarization of the heritage experience between cultural and natural does not appear productive. The paper proposes a more nuanced understanding of heritage tourism in Antarctica which accommodates the notion of a hybrid experience that integrates cultural heritage, the history and stories this heritage represents, and the natural environmental setting., QC 20210615, Creating Heritage in Antactiica

This study aims to investigate the interplay of visitor engagement, authenticity, and destination image in driving revisit and electronic word of mouth (eWOM) intentions of heritage tourists through the mediating role of Memorable Tourism Experiences (MTE). The data for this research were collected from tourists in the UNESCOlisted heritage city of Kashan, Iran. Using a convergent parallel mixed methods approach, the study's findings highlighted the importance of MTE as a mediator of these interrelationships. The results also identified the positive direct and indirect effects of visitor engagement on revisit and eWOM intentions. The indirect effects of authenticity on revisit and eWOM intentions through MTE were also significant. The findings also showed the positive direct and indirect effects of destination image on eWOM intention, with the indirect effect on revisit intention being significant. The practical implications of the study and potential future directions for research are also discussed in the conclusion section.

This study develops a climate communication recognition scheme (CCRS) for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites (WHS), in order to explore the communicative power of heritage to mobilize stakeholders around climate change. We present this scheme with the aim to influence site management and tourist decision-making by increasing climate awareness at heritage sites and among visitors and encouraging the incorporation of carbon management into heritage site management. Given the deficits and dysfunction in international governance for climate mitigation and inspired by transnational environmental governance tools such as ecolabels and environmental product information schemes, we offer “climate communication recognition schemes” as a corollary tool for transnational climate governance and communication. We assess and develop four dimensions for the CCRS, featuring 50 WHS: carbon footprint analysis, narrative potential, sustainability practices, and the impacts of climate change on heritage resources. In our development of a CCRS, this study builds on the “branding” value and recognition of UNESCO World Heritage, set against the backdrop of increasing tourism—including the projected doubling of international air travel in the next 15–20 years—and the implications of this growth for climate change. The CCRS, titled Climate Footprints of Heritage Tourism, is available online as an ArcGIS StoryMap.

The official Utah Travel Guide in German, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The official Utah Travel Guide in Chinese, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The designation of World Heritage Sites (WHSs) by UNESCO strengthens the international and national image of heritage destinations in the growing market of cultural tourism. Understanding how different stakeholders interpret the value of cultural heritage is one of the most important assets for balancing the promotion and protection of WHSs. This study draws on the case of the Altamira Prehistoric Cave WHS (Spain), whose preservation is under threat and constant debate. It explores factors determining the social value of heritage, namely: existence, aesthetic, economic, and legacy value. In doing so, this paper contributes to emerging debates on heritage management and tourist destinations. Data were collected using two surveys, one focused on visitors, with a total of 1047 valid surveys, and another on the Spanish population as a WHS host community, with a total of 1000 valid surveys. The analysis of these surveys shows how the existence, aesthetic, economic and legacy value dimensions of cultural heritage can build up brands around WHSs. The social-value dimension of cultural heritage therefore affects the market potential of WHSs, whose market potential is closely related to the education levels of a given society. These findings provide valuable information and insights for academics, destination managers and policy-makers in the debate about the preservation and tourism branding of Altamira. This will allow different stakeholders to identify opportunities to develop synergies between tourism promotion and heritage preservation, to both strengthen the brand image of a WHS and preserve its heritage.

The official Utah Travel Guide in German, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The official Utah Travel Guide in Chinese, which is filled with Utah information for those who want to visit The Mighty 5® national parks, ski resorts, the urban Wasatch Front, and all the scenic drives and towns in between.

The Sauce cove, located on the north coast of the Río de La Plata river has been the aim of study of an archaeological research project applied to tourism and territorial development in Juan Lacaze, Colonia. Based on the fact that archaeology is a social activity that takes place in multiple contexts -historical, political, economic and institutional- different strategies, from research to protection, from popularization to economic development, have been carried out in order to position the role of archaeology from a perspective not only in function of the past but also in function of the present. This paper presents the project´s different lines of work together with their partial results, as well as reflects on the potential of archaeology and heritage approaches to face critical socio-economic contexts., A Ensenada del Sauce, zona média do Rio da Prata, em sua costa norte, foi objeto de um projeto de pesquisa arqueológica aplicada ao desenvolvimento turístico e territorial. Com base no fato de que a arqueologia é uma atividade social que ocorre em múltiplos contextos, históricos, políticos, econômicos e institucionais, o projeto busca, por meio de diferentes estratégias - pesquisa, proteção, disseminação, desenvolvimento econômico - posicionar o papel da arqueologia de uma perspectiva não apenas em função do passado, mas também em função do presente. As diferentes linhas de trabalho e seus resultados parciais são apresentados aqui, bem como a reflexão sobre o potencial das abordagens arqueológicas e patrimoniais para enfrentar contextos socioeconômicos críticos., La ensenada del Sauce, tramo medio del Río de La Plata en su costa norte, viene siendo objeto de un proyecto de investigación arqueológica aplicada al desarrollo turístico y territorial. Partiendo de la base de que la arqueología es una actividad social que tiene lugar en múltiples contextos, tanto históricos, como políticos, económicos e institucionales, el proyecto busca a través de diferentes estrategias –investigación, protección, divulgación, desarrollo económico–, posicionar el rol de la arqueología desde una perspectiva no únicamente en función del pasado sino también en función del presente. Se presentan aquí las distintas líneas de trabajo y sus resultados parciales, y se reflexiona en torno al potencial de la arqueología y los enfoques patrimoniales para afrontar contextos socio-económicos críticos.

The inclusion as a World Heritage Site of a place, supposes, at the same time as an instrument of preservation, a recognition of its heritage quality and a tourist incentive. The objective of this work is to define the typologies of tourists who visit the cities that have such places. The methodology used has been a survey of 1,341 tourists visiting a World Heritage Site city, such as Córdoba, in Spain, through a cluster analysis, based on their perception of historical heritage and cultural motivations, as well as a non-parametric study of the sociodemographic characteristics of the segments of the tourists found and the valuations of the attributes of the city. The results identify four types of tourists. In addition, the different emotional perception, according to the respondent’s cluster, translates into different assessments of the city’s tourist resources. In conclusion, this research helps to understand the characteristics of the identified tourist groups to facilitate sustainable heritage management and provide an appropriate cultural tourism offer, La inclusión como World Heritage Site de un lugar, supone, a la vez que un instrumento de preservación, un reconocimiento de su calidad patrimonial y un incentivo turístico. El objetivo de este trabajo es definir las tipologías de turistas que visitan las ciudades que tienen este tipo de lugares. La metodología empleada ha sido una encuesta realizada a 1.341 turistas que visitan una ciudad World Heritage Site, como Córdoba, en España, mediante un análisis clúster, en base a su percepción del patrimonio histórico y las motivaciones culturales, así como un estudio no paramétrico de las características sociodemográficas de los segmentos de los turistas encontrados y de las valoraciones de los atributos de la ciudad. Los resultados permiten identificar cuatro tipologías de turistas. Además, la diferente percepción emocional, según clúster del encuestado, se traduce en valoraciones distintas sobre los recursos turísticos de la ciudad. En conclusión, esta investigación contribuye a entender las características de los grupos de turistas identificados para facilitar una gestión sostenible del patrimonio y proporcionar una oferta turística cultural apropiada.

The Sauce cove, located on the north coast of the Río de La Plata river has been the aim of study of an archaeological research project applied to tourism and territorial development in Juan Lacaze, Colonia. Based on the fact that archaeology is a social activity that takes place in multiple contexts -historical, political, economic and institutional- different strategies, from research to protection, from popularization to economic development, have been carried out in order to position the role of archaeology from a perspective not only in function of the past but also in function of the present. This paper presents the project´s different lines of work together with their partial results, as well as reflects on the potential of archaeology and heritage approaches to face critical socio-economic contexts., A Ensenada del Sauce, zona média do Rio da Prata, em sua costa norte, foi objeto de um projeto de pesquisa arqueológica aplicada ao desenvolvimento turístico e territorial. Com base no fato de que a arqueologia é uma atividade social que ocorre em múltiplos contextos, históricos, políticos, econômicos e institucionais, o projeto busca, por meio de diferentes estratégias - pesquisa, proteção, disseminação, desenvolvimento econômico - posicionar o papel da arqueologia de uma perspectiva não apenas em função do passado, mas também em função do presente. As diferentes linhas de trabalho e seus resultados parciais são apresentados aqui, bem como a reflexão sobre o potencial das abordagens arqueológicas e patrimoniais para enfrentar contextos socioeconômicos críticos., La ensenada del Sauce, tramo medio del Río de La Plata en su costa norte, viene siendo objeto de un proyecto de investigación arqueológica aplicada al desarrollo turístico y territorial. Partiendo de la base de que la arqueología es una actividad social que tiene lugar en múltiples contextos, tanto históricos, como políticos, económicos e institucionales, el proyecto busca a través de diferentes estrategias –investigación, protección, divulgación, desarrollo económico–, posicionar el rol de la arqueología desde una perspectiva no únicamente en función del pasado sino también en función del presente. Se presentan aquí las distintas líneas de trabajo y sus resultados parciales, y se reflexiona en torno al potencial de la arqueología y los enfoques patrimoniales para afrontar contextos socio-económicos críticos.

The inclusion as a World Heritage Site of a place, supposes, at the same time as an instrument of preservation, a recognition of its heritage quality and a tourist incentive. The objective of this work is to define the typologies of tourists who visit the cities that have such places. The methodology used has been a survey of 1,341 tourists visiting a World Heritage Site city, such as Córdoba, in Spain, through a cluster analysis, based on their perception of historical heritage and cultural motivations, as well as a non-parametric study of the sociodemographic characteristics of the segments of the tourists found and the valuations of the attributes of the city. The results identify four types of tourists. In addition, the different emotional perception, according to the respondent’s cluster, translates into different assessments of the city’s tourist resources. In conclusion, this research helps to understand the characteristics of the identified tourist groups to facilitate sustainable heritage management and provide an appropriate cultural tourism offer, La inclusión como World Heritage Site de un lugar, supone, a la vez que un instrumento de preservación, un reconocimiento de su calidad patrimonial y un incentivo turístico. El objetivo de este trabajo es definir las tipologías de turistas que visitan las ciudades que tienen este tipo de lugares. La metodología empleada ha sido una encuesta realizada a 1.341 turistas que visitan una ciudad World Heritage Site, como Córdoba, en España, mediante un análisis clúster, en base a su percepción del patrimonio histórico y las motivaciones culturales, así como un estudio no paramétrico de las características sociodemográficas de los segmentos de los turistas encontrados y de las valoraciones de los atributos de la ciudad. Los resultados permiten identificar cuatro tipologías de turistas. Además, la diferente percepción emocional, según clúster del encuestado, se traduce en valoraciones distintas sobre los recursos turísticos de la ciudad. En conclusión, esta investigación contribuye a entender las características de los grupos de turistas identificados para facilitar una gestión sostenible del patrimonio y proporcionar una oferta turística cultural apropiada.

The inclusion as a World Heritage Site of a place, supposes, at the same time as an instrument of preservation, a recognition of its heritage quality and a tourist incentive. The objective of this work is to define the typologies of tourists who visit the cities that have such places. The methodology used has been a survey of 1,341 tourists visiting a World Heritage Site city, such as Córdoba, in Spain, through a cluster analysis, based on their perception of historical heritage and cultural motivations, as well as a non-parametric study of the sociodemographic characteristics of the segments of the tourists found and the valuations of the attributes of the city. The results identify four types of tourists. In addition, the different emotional perception, according to the respondent’s cluster, translates into different assessments of the city’s tourist resources. In conclusion, this research helps to understand the characteristics of the identified tourist groups to facilitate sustainable heritage management and provide an appropriate cultural tourism offer, La inclusión como World Heritage Site de un lugar, supone, a la vez que un instrumento de preservación, un reconocimiento de su calidad patrimonial y un incentivo turístico. El objetivo de este trabajo es definir las tipologías de turistas que visitan las ciudades que tienen este tipo de lugares. La metodología empleada ha sido una encuesta realizada a 1.341 turistas que visitan una ciudad World Heritage Site, como Córdoba, en España, mediante un análisis clúster, en base a su percepción del patrimonio histórico y las motivaciones culturales, así como un estudio no paramétrico de las características sociodemográficas de los segmentos de los turistas encontrados y de las valoraciones de los atributos de la ciudad. Los resultados permiten identificar cuatro tipologías de turistas. Además, la diferente percepción emocional, según clúster del encuestado, se traduce en valoraciones distintas sobre los recursos turísticos de la ciudad. En conclusión, esta investigación contribuye a entender las características de los grupos de turistas identificados para facilitar una gestión sostenible del patrimonio y proporcionar una oferta turística cultural apropiada.

This thesis researches into the heritage tourism characteristics on Gotland. Many destinations see a great potential to develop new tourism products around their heritage and thus meet a rising demand for enriching and unique visitor experiences. However, different considerations and stakeholders need to be taken into account to foster a sustainable development. The Swedish island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea has a long history as a tourism destination and is rich in heritage resources of diverse origin. A qualitative approach has been taken to study which traits characterise heritage related tourism to Gotland, and which potentials and challenges are seen by major stakeholders in the tourism and heritage development. One protruding result has been the strong connection between natural and cultural elements at the heritage sites as well as in tourism demand. Also the tourism strategy for Gotland strives for a further development of nature and culture as thematic tourism areas. Hence, a closer look has been taken into the relation of these two heritage elements. With help of the concept and methodology of heritagescapes two heritage sites have been analysed in a case study approach. The result shows that the integration of natural and cultural heritage to create cohesive and immersive visitor experiences at one site is challenging. However, taking both heritage elements into account can create synergies and they enhance how the respective other heritage element is experienced. This can broaden which visitor groups are attracted and in which season. Furthermore, the heritagescape approach gives practical management implications for the sites.