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The Covid-19 Pandemic has caused several high-performance sports activities to be suspended around the world. It is estimated that the obstruction of athletes' training, competitions and employment contracts have generated uncertainties and insecurities regarding the future of their careers. The objective of the present review is then to analyze the effects of the Pandemic on the psychic and behavioral dimensions of income athletes. The databases used for the review were PubMed, VHL, Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 1,116 articles were found, of which 33 were selected using the PRISMA approach. The quality of the articles was obtained by applying the CASP scale. The following results were obtained: 1) symptoms of anxiety, depression, fear, bad mood, insomnia, eating disorders, lack of optimism and lack of motivation to train affected the athletes; 2) demographic, age, gender, practice time and alternative training conditions influenced athletes' behaviors and emotional content during the pandemic; 3) social support, resilience and emotional intelligence proved to be elements of attenuation of negative emotions and behaviors. It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic can be a negative predictor in the behavioral and psychic reactions of high performance athletes and these effects are influenced by age, gender, type of modality and the quality of the alternative training programs proposed., La Pandemia del Covid-19 ha provocado la suspensión de varias actividades deportivas de alto rendimiento en todo el mundo. Se estima que la obstrucción de los entrenamientos, competencias y contratos laborales de los atletas ha generado incertidumbres e inseguridades respecto al futuro de sus carreras. El objetivo de la presente revisión es entonces analizar los efectos de la Pandemia en las dimensiones psíquica y conductual de los deportistas de alto rendimiento. Las bases de datos utilizadas para la revisión fueron PubMed, VHL, Scopus y Web of Science. Se encontraron un total de 1.116 artículos, de los cuales 33 fueron seleccionados mediante el enfoque PRISMA. La calidad de los artículos se obtuvo aplicando la escala CASP. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: 1) los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión, miedo, mal humor, insomnio, trastornos alimentarios, falta de optimismo y falta de motivación para entrenar afectaron a los atletas; 2) la demografía, la edad, el sexo, el tiempo de práctica y las condiciones alternativas de entrenamiento influyeron en el comportamiento y el contenido emocional de los atletas durante la pandemia; 3) el apoyo social, la resiliencia y la inteligencia emocional demostraron ser elementos de atenuación de emociones y conductas negativas. Se concluye que la pandemia de Covid-19 puede ser un predictor negativo en las reacciones conductuales y psíquicas de los deportistas de alto rendimiento y estos efectos están influenciados por la edad, el género, el tipo de modalidad y la calidad de los programas alternativos de entrenamiento propuestos.

Simoni Lahud Guedes’ last article is the grand finale of her works. It contributes to the understanding of Brazilian politics. Her description of two “hijackings” of the colors green and yellow concerns the metonymic function of the football national team in its relationship with the Brazilian people. Target of a first hijacking during the civil-military dictatorship since 1964, the green and yellow symbol is under the same process nowadays. Such dynamics break the equation “national team = people” because the Brazilian football team jersey is being appropriated by a singular segment that intends to distinguish itself from the second term. This article debates this description addressed by Guedes, considering its structural character. It is argued that Brazilian football is itself a particular metonymy of a sporting phenomenon in general. An intertextual exegesis of the article of Guedes is developed, reviewing the background of her latest works as well as some of her interlocutors in Anthropology. This exegesis aims to demonstrate that, on the one hand, the significant status of sport derives from the structural homology that it keeps with social life and, on the other hand, that sports provide a heuristic lens for the study of politics., O derradeiro artigo publicado por Simoni Lahud Guedes constitui genuíno grand finale de sua obra, oferecendo valiosa contribuição para a compreensão da política brasileira. Sua descrição de dois “sequestros” das cores verde e amarela remonta à função metonímica da seleção de futebol em sua relação com o povo brasileiro. Vítima de um primeiro sequestro, por ocasião da ditadura civil-militar instalada em 1964, o símbolo verde e amarelo sofre hoje novo rapto. Quebra-se assim a equação seleção = povo, de vez que a camisa da equipe futebolística é apropriada por um segmento específico que pretende se distinguir do segundo termo. O presente artigo visa debater esta descrição elaborada por Simoni a partir de seu caráter estrutural. Argumenta-se que a função metonímica do futebol brasileiro, em particular, é ela mesma uma metonímia do fenômeno esportivo, em geral. Elabora-se uma exegese intertextual do artigo, sobre o pano de fundo dos últimos trabalhos da autora e de alguns de seus interlocutores na Antropologia. O objetivo é demonstrar, de um lado, que o estatuto significante do esporte decorre da homologia estrutural que ele guarda com a vida social e, de outro, que o esporte oferece uma lente heurística para o estudo da política.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between personality traits and tactical knowledge of field hockey players. The sample consisted of 53 Brazilian female field hockey athletes. The collection instruments were the Big Five Personality Factors Inventory, the Self-Assessment Inventory of Tactical Skills in Collective Sports Games, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The data were treated according to descriptive and correlational statistics. Percentage values were calculated when the variables showed significant differences. The normality and homogeneity of the data were verified by the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests, respectively. The partial correlation test, controlled by the position of the players, was used to analyze associations between the variables. A one-way ANOVA was applied to compare participants’ age and practice time with their field positions. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the positions of the players. The value of p<.05 was adopted for statistical significance. As a result, a moderate positive correlation was obtained between practice time and age; a moderate negative correlation of Neuroticism with age and practice time; moderate positive correlations between practice time and declarative and procedural knowledge. The Openness exhibited moderate positive correlations with declarative and procedural knowledge. The midfield players had higher scores in Extraversion when compared to the defensive players. In Agreeableness, the midfield players had higher scores when compared to defense and attack. The study allowed concluding that Openness was associated with the tactical knowledge domain.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity training (HIT) on salivary cortisol levels in physically trained individuals. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The search for scientific articles was carried out on the Scopus and MEDLINE (via PubMed) databases with the terms resistance training, saliva, cortisol, and their synonyms. We included interventions with high-intense resistance training that analyzed the salivary cortisol levels in physically trained men and women. From the 399 articles found, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. A population of 135 physically trained men and 12 women is with an average age of 23.26 ± 3.10 years, body mass of 85.53 ± 12.68 kg, and height of 1.80 ± 0.04 m. The intervention period ranged from 3 to 15 weeks with the use of 1 to 5 sets of 5 to 10 repetitions. Most protocols have been shown to provide significant stimuli to increase the level of cortisol acutely (p<0.05). The practice of HIT seems to be an effective intervention to stimulate the increase in acute and chronic salivary cortisol levels and thus induce possible changes in physiological and hormonal levels. Moreover, cortisol seems to represent physical activity in some populations and may be useful in monitoring physiology in large-scale observational physical activity surveys. However, more research is needed to elucidate the effects of HIT on cortisol and adaptive results. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR], Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del entrenamiento de alta intensidad sobre los niveles de cortisol salival en individuos entrenados físicamente. Esta revisión sistemática siguió las recomendaciones de PRISMA. La búsqueda de artículos científicos se realizó en las bases Scopus y MEDLINE (vía PubMed) con los términos entrenamiento de resistencia, saliva, cortisol y sus sinónimos. Se incluyeron intervenciones con entrenamiento de resistencia de alta intensidad que analizaron los niveles de cortisol salival en hombres y mujeres entrenados físicamente. De los 399 artículos encontrados, ocho estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Una población de 135 hombres entrenados físicamente y 12 mujeres tiene una edad de 23,26±3,10 años, masa corporal de 85,53±12,68 kg y altura de 1,80±0,04 m. El período de intervención varió de 3 a 15 semanas con el uso de 1 a 5 series de 5 a 10 repeticiones. Se ha demostrado que la mayoría de los protocolos proporcionan estímulos significativos para aumentar el nivel de cortisol de forma aguda (p<0,05). La práctica de entrenamiento de alta intensidad parece ser una intervención eficaz para estimular el aumento de los niveles de cortisol salival agudo y crónico y así inducir posibles cambios en los niveles fisiológicos y hormonales. Además, el cortisol parece representar la actividad física en algunas poblaciones y puede ser útil para monitorear la fisiología en encuestas observacionales de actividad física a gran escala. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación para dilucidar los efectos de entrenamiento de alta intensidad sobre el cortisol y los resultados adaptativos.