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1. The compositions of the lunar crust and upper mantle: Spectral analysis of the inner rings of lunar impact basins

Author

Lemelin, M., Lucey, P., Miljkovic, Katarina, Gaddis, L., Hare, T., Ohtake, M., Lemelin, M., Lucey, P., Miljkovic, Katarina, Gaddis, L., Hare, T., and Ohtake, M.

Abstract

The innermost ring in impact basins exposes material originating from various depths, and can be used to study the composition of the lunar crust with depth. In this study, we conduct quantitative mineralogical analyses of the innermost ring in 13 lunar impact basins using reflectance data from the Kaguya Multiband Imager and radiative transfer modeling. We use results from recent hydrocode modeling to calculate the depth of origin of the material exposed by the innermost rings. We find that the most abundant rock type on the innermost ring of most basins is anorthosite. The mafic assemblages are dominated by olivine in some cases, but most often by pyroxene. The impact modeling suggests that the innermost ring material was excavated from a wide range of depths. Here we focus on two mean depths: a crustal component and a mantle component. The crustal component largely dominates the innermost ring material, and the mantle component is present on the innermost ring of 9 of the basins we studied. On these 9 rings, the abundance of low-calcium pyroxene decreases with the proportion of crustal component, suggesting a dominantly mantle origin. However, as we do not detect exposures of ultramafic material, such mantle material is possibly present at the sub-pixel scale (<62 m). This quantitative study reassesses the composition of the lunar crust and upper mantle, which is of great importance for understanding the formation of the Moon.

Published
2018

2. Overview of the microscopic imager investigation during spirit's first 450 sols in gusev crater

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., Yen, A., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., and Yen, A.

Abstract

Mars, MI, Spirit rover Udgivelsesdato: 16 Feb.

Published
2006

3. Overview of the microscopic imager investigation during spirit's first 450 sols in gusev crater

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., Yen, A., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., and Yen, A.

Abstract

Mars, MI, Spirit rover Udgivelsesdato: 16 Feb.

Published
2006

4. Overview of the microscopic imager investigation during spirit's first 450 sols in gusev crater

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., Yen, A., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Anderson, R., Archinal, B., Arvidson, R.E., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Bell III, J.F., Budney, C., Cabrol, N.A., Chapman, M. G., Cook, D., Ehlmann, B.L., Farmer, J., Franklin, B., Gaddis, L., Galuszka, D. M., Garcia, P. A., Hare, T. M., Howing-Kraus, E., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, S., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Kirk, R.L., Lee, E. Mae, Leff, C., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., Mullins, K.F., Redding, B.L., Richter, L., Rosiek, M.R., Sims, M., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Springer, R., Sucharski, R.M., Sucharski, T., Sullivan, R., Torson, J., and Yen, A.

Abstract

Mars, MI, Spirit rover Udgivelsesdato: 16 Feb.

Published
2006

5. Textures of the soils and rocks at gusev crater from Spirit's microscopic imager

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Wang, A., Archinal, B., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Becker, T., Burr, D., Cook, D., Hare, T., Howington-Kraus, A., Kirk, R., Lee, E.-Y., Rosiek, M., Sucharski, B., Sucharski, T., Torson, J., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Wang, A., Archinal, B., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Becker, T., Burr, D., Cook, D., Hare, T., Howington-Kraus, A., Kirk, R., Lee, E.-Y., Rosiek, M., Sucharski, B., Sucharski, T., and Torson, J.

Published
2004

6. Evidence for ancient water on meridiani planum from opportunity's microscopic imager

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice Jr., J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C.M., Whelley, P., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice Jr., J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C.M., and Whelley, P.

Published
2004

7. Evidence for ancient water on meridiani planum from opportunity's microscopic imager

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice Jr., J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C.M., Whelley, P., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice Jr., J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C.M., and Whelley, P.

Published
2004

8. Textures of the soils and rocks at gusev crater from Spirit's microscopic imager

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Wang, A., Archinal, B., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Becker, T., Burr, D., Cook, D., Hare, T., Howington-Kraus, A., Kirk, R., Lee, E.-Y., Rosiek, M., Sucharski, B., Sucharski, T., Torson, J., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Bell III, J.F., Bertelsen, Preben, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, Kjartan Münster, Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Wang, A., Archinal, B., Barrett, J., Becker, K., Becker, T., Burr, D., Cook, D., Hare, T., Howington-Kraus, A., Kirk, R., Lee, E.-Y., Rosiek, M., Sucharski, B., Sucharski, T., and Torson, J.

Published
2004

9. Evidence from Opportunity's microscopic imager for water on Meridiani Planum

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bass, D.S., Bell, J.F., Bertelsen, Pernille, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, K.M., Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Ming, D.W., Rice, J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C., Whelley, P., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bass, D.S., Bell, J.F., Bertelsen, Pernille, Ehlmann, B.L., Farrand, W., Gaddis, L., Greeley, R., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Jolliff, B., Kinch, K.M., Knoll, A.H., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Ming, D.W., Rice, J.W., Richter, L., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Thompson, S., Wdowiak, T., Weitz, C., and Whelley, P.

Abstract

The Microscopic Imager on the Opportunity rover analyzed textures of soils and rocks at Meridiani Planum at a scale of 31 micrometers per pixel. The uppermost millimeter of some soils is weakly cemented, whereas other soils show little evidence of cohesion. Rock outcrops are laminated on a millimeter scale; image mosaics of cross-stratification suggest that some sediments were deposited by flowing water. Vugs in some outcrop faces are probably molds formed by dissolution of relatively soluble minerals during diagenesis. Microscopic images support the hypothesis that hematite-rich spherules observed in outcrops and soils also formed diagenetically as concretions.

Published
2004

10. Textures of the soils and rocks at Gusev crater from Spirit's Microscopic Imager

Author

Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bass, D.S., Bell, J.F., Bertelsen, Pernille, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, K.M., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J.W., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., Wang, A., Herkenhoff, K.E., Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R., Bass, D.S., Bell, J.F., Bertelsen, Pernille, Cabrol, N.A., Gaddis, L., Hayes, A.G., Hviid, S.F., Johnson, J.R., Kinch, K.M., Madsen, M.B., Maki, J.N., McLennan, S.M., McSween, H.Y., Rice, J.W., Sims, M., Smith, P.H., Soderblom, L.A., Spanovich, N., Sullivan, R., and Wang, A.

Abstract

The Microscopic Imager on the Spirit rover analyzed the textures of the soil and rocks at Gusev crater on Mars at a resolution of 100 micrometers. Weakly bound agglomerates of dust are present in the soil near the Columbia Memorial Station. Some of the brushed or abraded rock surfaces show igneous textures and evidence for alteration rinds, coatings, and veins consistent with secondary mineralization. The rock textures are consistent with a volcanic origin and subsequent alteration and/or weathering by impact events, wind, and possibly water.

Published
2004

11. The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) Experiment

Author

Smith, P.H., Tomasko, M.G., Britt, D.T., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Gliem, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Soderblom, L.A., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Smith, P.H., Tomasko, M.G., Britt, D.T., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Gliem, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Soderblom, L.A., Gaddis, L., and Kirk, R.

Published
1997

12. The imager for mars pathfinder (IMP) experiment

Author

Smith, P.H., Britt, D.T., Tomasko, M.G., Singer, R.B., Doose, L.R., Chinohara, C., Reynolds, R., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Hoppa, G., Chabot, N., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Koschny, D., Kramm, R., Gliem, F., Rabe, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Wilson, G., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Soderblom, L., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Ward, W., Herkenhoff, K., Smith, P.H., Britt, D.T., Tomasko, M.G., Singer, R.B., Doose, L.R., Chinohara, C., Reynolds, R., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Hoppa, G., Chabot, N., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Koschny, D., Kramm, R., Gliem, F., Rabe, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Wilson, G., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Soderblom, L., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Ward, W., and Herkenhoff, K.

Published
1997

13. The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) Experiment

Author

Smith, P.H., Tomasko, M.G., Britt, D.T., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Gliem, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Soderblom, L.A., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Smith, P.H., Tomasko, M.G., Britt, D.T., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Gliem, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Soderblom, L.A., Gaddis, L., and Kirk, R.

Published
1997

14. The imager for mars pathfinder (IMP) experiment

Author

Smith, P.H., Britt, D.T., Tomasko, M.G., Singer, R.B., Doose, L.R., Chinohara, C., Reynolds, R., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Hoppa, G., Chabot, N., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Koschny, D., Kramm, R., Gliem, F., Rabe, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Wilson, G., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Soderblom, L., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Ward, W., Herkenhoff, K., Smith, P.H., Britt, D.T., Tomasko, M.G., Singer, R.B., Doose, L.R., Chinohara, C., Reynolds, R., Crowe, D.G., Reid, R., Hoppa, G., Chabot, N., Keller, H.U., Thomas, N., Koschny, D., Kramm, R., Gliem, F., Rabe, F., Rueffer, P., Sullivan, R.P., Greeley, R., Wilson, G., Knudsen, Jens Martin, Madsen, M.B., Hviid, S.F., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Soderblom, L., Gaddis, L., Kirk, R., Ward, W., and Herkenhoff, K.

Published
1997

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