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Membrane trafficking is a complex, essential process in eukaryotic cells responsible for protein transport and processing. Deficiencies in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) proteins, key regulators of trafficking, cause abnormal intracellular segregation of macromolecules and organelles and are linked to human disease. VPS proteins function as part of complexes such as the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) tethering complex, composed of VPS11, VPS16, VPS18, VPS33A, VPS39 and VPS41. The HOPS-specific subunit VPS41 has been reported to promote viability of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease but to date has not been linked to human disease. Here, we describe five unrelated families with nine affected individuals, all carrying homozygous variants in VPS41 that we show impact protein function. All affected individuals presented with a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of cognitive impairment, cerebellar atrophy/hypoplasia, motor dysfunction with ataxia and dystonia, and nystagmus. Zebrafish disease modelling supports the involvement of VPS41 dysfunction in the disorder, indicating lysosomal dysregulation throughout the brain and providing support for cerebellar and microglial abnormalities when vps41 was mutated. This provides the first example of human disease linked to the HOPS-specific subunit VPS41 and suggests the importance of HOPS complex activity for cerebellar function., King Salman Center for Disability Research; NSTIP/King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Office of Sponsored Research; NSTIP/KACST; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW Veni); European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; LEaDing Fellowship; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Research Council (ERC); ERC StG TREATCilia; NTSIP/King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; KFSHRC Research Grant; Brain & Behavior Research Foundation NARSAD Young Investigator Grant; Erasmus MC Fellowship 2017; Erasmus MC Human Disease Model Award 2018; Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) Fellowship; Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation; Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM)

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My concern with the storms my county experienced was that I couldn't see my family for days. During the recovery period… after the storm passed… outside help took too long to reach us. I lived through Hurricane Donna. Charley was so much worse. Our neighborhood looked like a war zone. We were without phones, electricity or fresh food for 8 days. 1. Ursano, R.J., McKibben, J., Reissman, D.B., Liu, X., Wang, L., Sampson, R.J., & Fullerton, C.S. (2014). Posttraumatic stress disorder and community collective efficacy following the 2004 Florida hurricanes. PLoS ONE. 2. Fullerton, C.S., Ursano, R.J., Liu, X., McKibben, J., & Wang, L., (2015). Depressive symptom severity and community collective efficacy following the 2004 Florida hurricanes. PLoS ONE. 3. Sampson, R.J., Raudenbush, S.W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924. Introduction: Disaster exposure influences community-level characteristics, such as community strength, and the mental health of residents. Collective efficacy, a measure of community strength, is associated with reduction in adverse outcomes, including lower levels of depressive symptoms and reduced rates of post-traumatic stress disorder following a natural disaster.1,2,3 Community members’ perceptions of collective efficacy may influence the decision to relocate or remain in their neighborhoods following a natural disaster, such as a hurricane. Relocating to a new community after a disaster may subsequently affect collective efficacy over time. The present study assessed the association of relocating following a series of major Florida hurricanes in 2004 with changes in perceived collective efficacy over time in 592 Florida Department of Health response workers. Participants: Age 21 – 72 years; mostly female (78%), married (69%), White (83%), and undergraduate educated (57%). Procedures: Participants completed two self-report questions on perceived collective effi, Disaster exposure influences community-level characteristics, such as community strength, and the mental health of residents. Collective efficacy, a measure of community strength, is associated with reduction in adverse outcomes, including lower levels of depressive symptoms and reduced rates of post-traumatic stress disorder following a natural disaster.1,2,3 Community members’ perceptions of collective efficacy may influence the decision to relocate or remain in their neighborhoods following a natural disaster, such as a hurricane. Relocating to a new community after a disaster may subsequently affect collective efficacy over time. The present study assessed the association of relocating following a series of major Florida hurricanes in 2004 with changes in perceived collective efficacy over time in 592 Florida Department of Health response workers. Participants: Age 21 – 72 years; mostly female (78%), married (69%), White (83%), and undergraduate educated (57%). Procedures: Participants completed two self-report questions on perceived collective efficacy at 9 months (Time 1) and 21 months (Time 2) following the 2004 Florida hurricane season. Results: Participants who did not relocate between Time 1 and Time 2 showed a significant reduction in reported collective efficacy, whereas reported collective efficacy for those who relocated between Time 1 and Time 2 remained unchanged. Conclusions: Individual, community and event-related factors may influence the experience of collective efficacy following a natural disaster. Optimizing collective efficacy prior to and following disaster events has the potential to offer significant public health benefit.

PROCESS The views expressed in this presenta0on are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Army/Navy/Air Force, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. Coordinated Disaster Response for Offsite Facili;es Using a Customized Emergency Ac;on Plan Eric G Meyer MD, Jorge M Hastings, Brian W Flynn EdD, James C West MD, Joshua C Morganstein MD Center for the Study of Trauma1c Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD ADVERSE EFFECTS Limited communica;on and/or visibility across sites. Direc;ves may conflict with offsite facility management plans. Response plan may not exist and oLen fails to account for all sites. Unable to maintain accountability for all personnel. Personnel confused, frustrated, and unable to respond due to uncertainty. NON-­‐COORDINATED PLAN ID SITES / POCS PRACTICE! DEVELOP CUSTOM OFFSITE PLANS DECONFLICT EMERGENCY DIRECTIVES ESTABLISH COMM PLAN TO MAIN SITE Main Loca0on Offsite A Main Loca0on Plan Offsite B Offsite C ? ? ? Did something happen? I wonder how the offsite people are doing? Main loca0on plan isn’t working here! POSITIVE IMPACT Established POCs and communica;on procedures across sites. Direc;ves coordinated with offsite facility management plans. Response plan tailored to meet unique needs and requirements of each site. Accountability for all personnel rapidly obtained as part of response plan. Personnel more effec;vely execute plan due to beTer coordina;on. COORDINATED PLAN www.cstsonline.org/emergency-­‐ac;on-­‐plan Main Loca0on Offsite A Offsite B Offsite C Main Loca0on Plan Integrated Plan B Integrated Plan C Integrated Plan A Comprehensive prepara0on enhances the effec0veness and coordina0on of emergency and disaster response for all stakeholders impacted by these events. Workplace planning and prepara0on must consider unique factors when developing response plans for personnel impacted by a wide range of emergencies, inc, Comprehensive preparation enhances the effectiveness and coordination of emergency and disaster response for all stakeholders impacted by these events. Workplace planning and preparation must consider unique factors when developing response plans for personnel impacted by a wide range of emergencies, including natural and human-made disasters. A thorough understanding of these factors is critical for the care and welfare of all employees. Organizations with offsite facilities that are geographically separated from their parent organization may encounter unique disaster planning challenges. For instance, personnel working in offsite locations may not be covered by the disaster planning guidance of their parent organization. In addition, policies and procedures of both the offsite building management as well as the parent organization may need to be considered when developing emergency response plans for offsite facilities. In response to a series of local and regional workplace emergency events, the Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress (CSTS) developed a customized Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for use at our facility, an offsite location from the main campus of the Uniformed Services University (USU). Three challenges emerged: 1) ensuring CSTS offsite facility response plans were consistent with those of USU where appropriate, 2) de-conflicting guidance between USU and the offsite building management response plans, 3) ensuring offsite building management emergency procedures were incorporated into CSTS response plans. The CSTS EAP effectively addressed these issues, incorporated lessons learned into the final document, and provides a template for leaders and managers at offsite facilities to develop optimal emergency and disaster plans which enhance the effectiveness of response by their personnel at offsite facilities.

The views presented here are those of the author and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government., The behavioral choices people make in the wake of a disaster, such as staying in place, evacuating, seeking or not seeking medical care, and searching for loved ones have very real life and death implications. Effective mental health disaster response requires timely and accurate information for victims, first responders, leaders, family members and other effected stakeholders to better inform their decision making. Because cognition changes during crises, the delivery of educational information designed to influence behavior should consider several important issues. Disaster education should be timely and accurate. It should address predictable issues of concern to those effected, while informing them of actions to take and those to avoid. The Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress (CSTS) has developed a systematic process for the development of disaster response education fact sheets. The process involves rapidly incorporating subject-matter experts that provide educational guidance based on the events surrounding a specific disaster. This information is used to develop customized fact sheets that provide critical education to those impacted by a disaster. These fact sheets are finalized within twenty-four hours of the disaster event. They are subsequently disseminated to a broad range of national and international partners and relevant stakeholder organizations by email and social media as well as hard copy if needs dictate. The CSTS disaster mental health fact sheet development and dissemination process has been refined over more than fifteen years of disaster mental health response and used to assist in directing the response of victim advocacy organizations, healthcare personnel, first responders, and community leaders in the management of over 70 disaster events.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 297-308) and index.

News piece documenting the programs offered by the College of Communication, Information, and Media at Ball State University, including the College's Department of Communication Studies. Includes interviews with Scott R. Olson, Dean of the College of Communication, Information, and Media at Ball State University, Richard G. Nitcavic, Communication Studies Chairperson at Ball State University, and Marcy Meyer, Assistant Professor of Communication Studies. Also includes an interview with Ball State University student Christopher Flynn., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

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Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-578011%5DMICH-B-578011, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/578011/MICH-B-578011/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-576814%5DMICH-B-576814, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/576814/MICH-B-576814/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-577696%5DMICH-B-577696, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/577696/MICH-B-577696/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-574220%5DMICH-B-574220, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/574220/MICH-B-574220/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-567737%5DMICH-B-567737, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/567737/MICH-B-567737/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-565587%5DMICH-B-565587, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/565587/MICH-B-565587/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-559827%5DMICH-B-559827, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/559827/MICH-B-559827/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Bryophytes, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-549570%5DMICH-B-549570, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/549570/MICH-B-549570/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1361405%5DMICH-V-1361405, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1361405/MICH-V-1361405/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1428096%5DMICH-V-1428096, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1428096/MICH-V-1428096/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy