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Sustaining and enhancing the ability of nature and natural ecosystems to store carbon is an idea that has gained recognition in the challenge to combat climate change. By strengthening ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, grasslands and agricultural lands, we may mitigate the climate crisis while also contributing to solving other ecological and social challenges. Building on nature’s carbon sequestration abilities to address socio-ecological challenges has been conceptualised under many names. One concept that has spread in some academic communities is Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) while other terms include ecosystem-based approaches and Nature-based Solutions (NbS). This entry considers these terms largely interchangeable, and draws upon literature that uses both the concepts of NCS and NbS, as well as similar terms such as nature restoration. It continues with the term ‘nature-based climate mitigation’ and focuses on initiatives and practices deployed in terrestrial ecosystems to address climate change.

The 5.0 industry promotes collaborative robots (cobots). This research studies the impacts of cobot collaboration using an experimental setup. 120 participants realized a simple and a complex assembly task. 50% collaborated with another human (H/H) and 50% with a cobot (H/C). The workload and the acceptability of the cobotic collaboration were measured. Working with a cobot decreases the effect of the task complexity on the human workload and on the output quality. However, it increases the time completion and the number of gestures (while decreasing their frequency). The H/C couples have a higher chance of success but they take more time and more gestures to realize the task. The results of this research could help developers and stakeholders to understand the impacts of implementing a cobot in production chains.

Background and aims The purpose of this study was to present data on the safety of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in a cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients of an ongoing multicenter study (ESCAPE-IBD) sponsored by the Italian Group for the study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04769258). Methods Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was administrated to 809 IBD patients. Interviews were conducted to report adverse events related to vaccination. Of these 809, 346 patients were surveyed on the pandemic burden and the main reason for hesitancy in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between disease-related characteristics and the onset of adverse events. Results About 45% of patients had at least one side effect, following the first dose (10%), the second (15%), and both doses (19%). All the adverse events were mild and lasted only a few days. Logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex (P < 0.001), younger age (P = 0.001), seroconversion (P = 0.002), and comorbidity (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with adverse events. The survey showed that the main concerns were the possibility of adverse event (33%). Almost all patients (99%) felt safer having been vaccinated at their IBD reference center. Conclusion The vaccine reactions experienced in IBD patients were mostly self-limited. We found high acceptance and good safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in our cohort.

Background: The Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI) conducted a national survey to understand better how different echocardiographic modalities are used and accessed in Italy. Methods: We analyzed echocardiography laboratory activities over a month (November 2022). Data were retrieved via an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire, uploaded on the SIECVI website. Results: Data were obtained from 228 echocardiographic laboratories: 112 centers (49%) in the northern, 43 centers (19%) in the central, and 73 (32%) in the southern regions. During the month of observation, we collected 101,050 transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) examinations performed in all centers. As concern other modalities there were performed 5497 transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examinations in 161/228 centers (71%); 4057 stress echocardiography (SE) examinations in 179/228 centers (79%); and examinations with ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in 151/228 centers (66%). We did not find significant regional variations between the different modalities. The usage of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was significantly higher in the northern (84%) versus central (49%) and southern (45%) centers (P < 0.001). Lung ultrasound (LUS) was performed in 154 centers (66%), without difference between cardiology and noncardiology centers. The evaluation of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was evaluated mainly using the qualitative method in 223 centers (94%), occasionally with the Simpson method in 193 centers (85%), and with selective use of the three-dimensional (3D) method in only 23 centers (10%). 3D TTE was present in 137 centers (70%), and 3D TEE in all centers where TEE was done (71%). The assessment of LV diastolic function was done routinely in 80% of the centers. Right ventricular function was evaluated using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in all centers, using tricuspid valve annular systolic velocity by tissue

Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology. Gut virome dysbiosis is fundamental in UC progression, although its role in the early phases of the disease is far from fully understood. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of a virome-associated protein encoded by the Orthohepadnavirus genus, the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), in UC aetiopathogenesis. Design: HBx positivity of UC patient-derived blood and gut mucosa was assessed by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing and correlated with clinical characteristics by multivariate analysis. Transcriptomics was performed on HBx-overexpressing endoscopic biopsies from healthy donors. C57BL/6 mice underwent intramucosal injections of liposome-conjugated HBx-encoding plasmids or the control, with or without antibiotic treatment. Multidimensional flow cytometry analysis was performed on colonic samples from HBx-treated and control animals. Transepithelial electrical resistance measurement, proliferation assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay with sequencing and RNA-sequencing were performed on in vitro models of the gut barrier. HBx-silencing experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo. Results: HBx was detected in about 45% of patients with UC and found to induce colonic inflammation in mice, while its silencing reverted the colitis phenotype in vivo. HBx acted as a transcriptional regulator in epithelial cells, provoking barrier leakage and altering both innate and adaptive mucosal immunity ex vivo and in vivo. Conclusion: This study described HBx as a contributor to the UC pathogenesis and provides a new perspective on the virome as a target for tailored treatments.

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Background: There are no data to assess the value associated with a treat-to-target (T2T) strategy based on tight control of mild–moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). Aim: To assess the cost-effectiveness of a T2T approach based on the normalisation of clinical signs and faecal calprotectin (FC). Methods: A decision analytical Markov model was developed to compare T2T algorithm combining clinical symptoms and FC levels to define treatment response and the possible switch to the next treatment line (T2T-FC), and the reference strategy based only on symptoms. The model included five treatment lines and was conducted from the Italian national health service (NHS) perspective using a 3-year time horizon. The model calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio as € per relapse avoided. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results: The cost-effectiveness analysis produced an increased time spent by a patient in clinical remission and FC ≤ 100 level (+0.177 years; about 2 months) and a decreasing number of relapses (−0.1937; −20.9%) per patient using a T2T-FC approach compared to only symptoms. Furthermore, the T2T-FC was associated with higher cost (+€1795). The ICER estimated was €9263 per relapse avoided. These results were confirmed by sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: T2T-FC approach resulted in a higher benefit for mild–moderate UC patients in terms of time in remission and incidence of relapse but was associated with higher costs. Clinical trials and real-world clinical studies are needed to provide additional data on the cost–benefit of this approach.

Background: Patients on immunosuppressive drugs have been excluded from COVID-19 vaccines trials, creating concerns regarding their efficacy. Aims: To explore the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Methods: Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Treated with Immunomodulatory or Biological Drugs (ESCAPE-IBD) is a prospective, multicentre study promoted by the Italian Group for the study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. We present data on serological response eight weeks after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination in IBD patients and healthy controls (HCs). Results: 1076 patients with IBD and 1126 HCs were analyzed. Seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was reported for most IBD patients, even if with a lesser rate compared with HCs (92.1% vs. 97.9%; p<0.001). HCs had higher antibody concentrations (median OD 8.72 [IQR 5.2-14-2]) compared to the whole cohort of IBD patients (median OD 1.54 [IQR 0.8-3.6]; p<0.001) and the subgroup of IBD patients (n=280) without any treatment or on aminosalicylates only (median OD 1.72 [IQR 1.0–4.1]; p<0.001). Conclusions: Although most IBD patients showed seropositivity after COVID-19 vaccines, the magnitude of the humoral response was significantly lower than in HCs. Differently from other studies, these findings seem to be mostly unrelated to the use of immune-modifying treatments (ClinicalTrials.govID:NCT04769258).

Objectives: We aimed to assess the impact of metal detectors on patients’ feelings of safety in the ED.Background: National guidelines recommend hospitals attempt to prevent weapons from entering EDs. Metal detectors have been shown to reduce the number of weapons coming into EDs. However, there are concerns that they are unwelcoming to patients and might discourage them from seeking care. Less than one third of hospitals in the United States utilize metal detectors. The most recent ED based studies of patients’ attitudes towards metal detectors were over 25 years ago, and patients’ perceptions of safety likely have evolved during this time.Methods: We surveyed a convenience sample of patients and their companions >18 years of age, who had undergone metal detection at the entrance of our suburban, academic ED from 2019-2021. Using tailored design, we developed survey questions with a consensus panel of physicians, nurses, and patients. We pilot tested the survey with cohorts of medical students and patients. Respondents anonymously reported their answers to questions on a 5 point Likert scale online in Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and chi square tests were utilized to compare groups.Results: The survey response rate was 78%, with 303 patients completing the survey. Most (71%) non-respondents were due to clinical care needs preventing participation. Approximately two thirds of participants were patients (67%) and female (61%) with nearly all respondents in the ED for non-traumatic concerns (83%). Nearly one third of respondents (31%) had a colleague or family member that had been the victim of physical assault, 16% had previously witnessed physical violence in the ED, and 29% had a weapon in their home. An abundance (91%; 95% CI: 87 – 94%) of respondents reported that metal detectors improved their sense of safety in the ED. Slightly over half of respondents (52%; 95% CI: 46 – 58%) indicated the presence of metal detectors made them more like

Data regarding double switching from originator infliximab (IFX) to IFX biosimilars in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of switching from originator IFX to CT-P13 and subsequently to SB2 (double switch) in patients with IBD. Patients undergoing IFX-double switch in eight Centers in Lombardy (Italy) from November 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The IFX discontinuation rate, incidence and type of adverse events (AEs), and clinical remission rate were recorded. A comparison with a control group of patients with IBD single-switched from originator IFX to CT-P13 was performed, before and after an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-based propensity score analysis. Fifty-two double-switched patients with IBD were enrolled. The 24- and 52-week proportions of patients continuing on IFX therapy following the second switch (CTP13 → SB2) were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI] 94%–100%) and 90% (95% CI 81%–99%), respectively. Four patients experienced a total of five AEs, all graded 1–3 according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). No infusion reactions were observed. The 24-week and follow-up end clinical remission rates following the second switch were 94% and 88%, respectively. No differences were observed in the safety and efficacy outcomes by comparing the double-switch group with a single-switch group of 66 patients with IBD; all these results were confirmed by IPTW-adjusted analysis. The study suggests both the safety and efficacy of the double switch from originator IFX to CT-P13 and SB2 in patients with IBD is maintained. This strategy may be associated with potential cost implications.

In this paper we provide a non-clausal tableau calculus for the minimum satisfiability problem. Moreover we describe how to adapt it to some variants. Our starting point is a calculus for non-clausal maximum satisfiability problem.

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The topic discussed analyzes the conditions of marginality and the possibilities of social integration related to indigenous groups or native peoples of Latin America, a problem that is important for addressing the difficulties of intercultural coexistence processes in the region. The objective of this research is to formulate a propositional model that can collect the experience of indigenous groups in Latin America in order to guide the construction of higher levels of social integration to overcome the conditions of indigenous marginality of the testimonial peoples. This research, of a qualitative documentary nature, has made it possible to establish that, to a segregation or economic marginality, with limited and precarious means of productivity, marginality for ethnic and cultural reasons is added. The conclusions show that this weakens the mechanisms of social integration, especially in the so-called testimony peoples, heirs of the great indigenous cultures in the region, such as the Aztecs, Incas and Mayans, El tema abordado analiza las condiciones de marginalidad y las posibilidades de integración social referidas a los grupos indígenas o pueblos originarios de Latinoamérica, problemática que resulta importante para el abordaje de las dificultades de los procesos de convivencia intercultural en la región. El objetivo de esta investigación es formular un modelo proposicional que pueda recoger la vivencia de los grupos indígenas en Latinoamérica a fin de orientar la construcción de mayores niveles de integración social para superar las condiciones de marginalidad indígena de los pueblos testimonio. Esta investigación, de carácter documental cualitativo, ha permitido establecer que, a una segregación o marginalidad económica, con medios de productividad limitados y precarios, se une la marginalidad por motivos étnicos y culturales. Las conclusiones muestran que esto debilita los mecanismos de integración social, especialmente en los denominados pueblos testimonio, herederos de las grandes culturas indígenas en la región, como los aztecas, incas y mayas.

Eje temático I: derecho, cultura y sociedad: En este eje tamático, se presentan ponencias que tienen como propósito analizar y explicar críticamente, a través de la investigación científica y desde el enfoque interdisciplinar, los derechos humanos, el proceso de estructuración de La convivencia y la equidad en la vivencia de los derechos; los valores, las costumbres, las normas, los estilos de vida, el uso de artefactos y la organización social; los procesos de desarrollo espiritual, de conocimiento científico, de desarrollo tecnológico y estético, y la convivencia y sus implicaciones en lo público y lo privado. Eje temático II: desarrollo humano y sostenible. El segundo eje temático que abordó la XII Jornada de Investigación fue desarrollo humano y sostenible, con ponencias que abarcaron todos aquellos aspectos que van, desde el desarrollo y bienestar individual, pasando por los estudios de las comunidades, para llegar a una comprensión global de la sostenibilidad como un factor determinante de existencia de las sociedades. Eje temático III: gestión y tecnología al servicio de la sociedad. Finalmente, en la XII Jornada de Investigación, se trabajóel eje temático gestión y tecnología al servicio de la sociedad, en el cual se presentaron, desde las diferentes disciplinas, ponencias que aportaron al campo del desarrollo productivo y a la solución de los problemas de la sociedad a través de las oportunidades que una buena gestión y un apropiado uso de la tecnología ofrece. (Tomado de la Fuente)

Eje temático I: derecho, cultura y sociedad: En este eje tamático, se presentan ponencias que tienen como propósito analizar y explicar críticamente, a través de la investigación científica y desde el enfoque interdisciplinar, los derechos humanos, el proceso de estructuración de La convivencia y la equidad en la vivencia de los derechos; los valores, las costumbres, las normas, los estilos de vida, el uso de artefactos y la organización social; los procesos de desarrollo espiritual, de conocimiento científico, de desarrollo tecnológico y estético, y la convivencia y sus implicaciones en lo público y lo privado. Eje temático II: desarrollo humano y sostenible. El segundo eje temático que abordó la XII Jornada de Investigación fue desarrollo humano y sostenible, con ponencias que abarcaron todos aquellos aspectos que van, desde el desarrollo y bienestar individual, pasando por los estudios de las comunidades, para llegar a una comprensión global de la sostenibilidad como un factor determinante de existencia de las sociedades. Eje temático III: gestión y tecnología al servicio de la sociedad. Finalmente, en la XII Jornada de Investigación, se trabajóel eje temático gestión y tecnología al servicio de la sociedad, en el cual se presentaron, desde las diferentes disciplinas, ponencias que aportaron al campo del desarrollo productivo y a la solución de los problemas de la sociedad a través de las oportunidades que una buena gestión y un apropiado uso de la tecnología ofrece. (Tomado de la Fuente)

Background and Aims Crohns disease [CD] is a debilitating, inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. There is no cure and sustained clinical and endoscopic remission is achieved by fewer than half of patients with current therapies. The immunoregulatory function of the vagus nerve, the inflammatory reflex, has been established in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and biologic-naive CD. The aim of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in patients with treatment-refractory CD, in a 16-week, open-label, multicentre, clinical trial.Methods A vagus nerve stimulator was implanted in 17 biologic drug-refractory patients with moderately to severely active CD. One patient exited the study pre-treatment, and 16 patients were treated with vagus nerve stimulation [4/16 receiving concomitant biologics] during 16 weeks of induction and 24 months of maintenance treatment. Endpoints included clinical improvement, patient-reported outcomes, objective measures of inflammation [endoscopic/molecular], and safety.Results There was a statistically significant and clinically meaningful decrease in CD Activity Index at Week 16 [mean +/- SD: -86.2 +/- 92.8, p = 0.003], a significant decrease in faecal calprotectin [-2923 +/- 4104, p = 0.015], a decrease in mucosal inflammation in 11/15 patients with paired endoscopies [-2.1 +/- 1.7, p = 0.23], and a decrease in serum tumour necrosis factor and interferon-gamma [46-52%]. Two quality-of-life indices improved in 7/11 patients treated without biologics. There was one study-related severe adverse event: a postoperative infection requiring device explantation.Conclusions Neuroimmune modulation via vagus nerve stimulation was generally safe and well tolerated, with a clinically meaningful reduction in clinical disease activity associated with endoscopic improvement, reduced levels of faecal calprotectin and serum cytokines, and improved quality of life. Graphical Abstract, Funding Agencies|SetPoint Medical, Inc.

The topic discussed analyzes the conditions of marginality and the possibilities of social integration related to indigenous groups or native peoples of Latin America, a problem that is important for addressing the difficulties of intercultural coexistence processes in the region. The objective of this research is to formulate a propositional model that can collect the experience of indigenous groups in Latin America in order to guide the construction of higher levels of social integration to overcome the conditions of indigenous marginality of the testimonial peoples. This research, of a qualitative documentary nature, has made it possible to establish that, to a segregation or economic marginality, with limited and precarious means of productivity, marginality for ethnic and cultural reasons is added. The conclusions show that this weakens the mechanisms of social integration, especially in the so-called testimony peoples, heirs of the great indigenous cultures in the region, such as the Aztecs, Incas and Mayans, El tema abordado analiza las condiciones de marginalidad y las posibilidades de integración social referidas a los grupos indígenas o pueblos originarios de Latinoamérica, problemática que resulta importante para el abordaje de las dificultades de los procesos de convivencia intercultural en la región. El objetivo de esta investigación es formular un modelo proposicional que pueda recoger la vivencia de los grupos indígenas en Latinoamérica a fin de orientar la construcción de mayores niveles de integración social para superar las condiciones de marginalidad indígena de los pueblos testimonio. Esta investigación, de carácter documental cualitativo, ha permitido establecer que, a una segregación o marginalidad económica, con medios de productividad limitados y precarios, se une la marginalidad por motivos étnicos y culturales. Las conclusiones muestran que esto debilita los mecanismos de integración social, especialmente en los denominados pueblos testimonio, herederos de las grandes culturas indígenas en la región, como los aztecas, incas y mayas.

El escrito aborda la relación entre intimidad y convivencia, pensada desde el valor del encuentro intra e interhumano que nace de la dimensión espiritual de la persona. A partir del estudio de las consecuencias de la excesiva publicación de la vida y la extimidad, se analizan los fenómenos de despersonalización y los obstáculos para la realización de la existencia propia. Se revisan críticamente los enfoques sobre la funcionalidad de los individuos respecto a la sociedad, como deterioro de la estructura existencial dialógica del ser personal, que nace del reconocimiento del sí mismo íntimo y relacional. Con ello se establecen las bases de la convivencia como estatuto de la vida intra e interpersonal, en la que se construye, desde la realidad de las personas biográficas y su zona más íntima y espiritual, la unidad entre naturaleza humana, la condición histórica y la experiencia de la comunidad. (Tomado de la fuente)

Este libro recoge una serie de artículos de investigación escritos por docentes y estudiantes que participan en los semilleros de investigación del Departamento de Humanidades de la Universidad Católica de Colombia. El centro temático de la obra son las reflexiones en relación con la persona, la intimidad y la sociedad. Cada capítulo brinda respuestas, desde un específico ámbito disciplinar, a través de una metodología cualitativa, al problema antropológico y ético fundamental del cultivo de la intimidad o interioridad personal y sus repercusiones en la vida social. En concreto, los textos estudian la familia como ámbito de intimidad con inspiración en la antropología trascendental de Leonardo Polo; enfocan su atención en el problema de reducir a la persona a productor y analizan la intimidad como apertura a lo espiritual, camino para recuperar una vida solidaria y fraterna; describen el papel de la intimidad entendida como gestora de grandes acontecimientos en el desarrollo histórico de Occidente, a partir del pensamiento de Agustín de Hipona; analizan el tema de la intimidad en el Magisterio de Pablo VI; abordan el concepto de intimidad familiar como lugar donde se recibe formación en valores humanos y religiosos; y presentan la relación que existe entre intimidad y desplazamiento. Con estas investigaciones se espera contribuir a la reflexión humanística alrededor del tema de la intimidad y estimular nuevas pautas de investigación que permitan entender mejor el difícil mundo en que vivimos. (Tomado de la fuente)

El escrito aborda la relación entre intimidad y convivencia, pensada desde el valor del encuentro intra e interhumano que nace de la dimensión espiritual de la persona. A partir del estudio de las consecuencias de la excesiva publicación de la vida y la extimidad, se analizan los fenómenos de despersonalización y los obstáculos para la realización de la existencia propia. Se revisan críticamente los enfoques sobre la funcionalidad de los individuos respecto a la sociedad, como deterioro de la estructura existencial dialógica del ser personal, que nace del reconocimiento del sí mismo íntimo y relacional. Con ello se establecen las bases de la convivencia como estatuto de la vida intra e interpersonal, en la que se construye, desde la realidad de las personas biográficas y su zona más íntima y espiritual, la unidad entre naturaleza humana, la condición histórica y la experiencia de la comunidad. (Tomado de la fuente)

Este libro recoge una serie de artículos de investigación escritos por docentes y estudiantes que participan en los semilleros de investigación del Departamento de Humanidades de la Universidad Católica de Colombia. El centro temático de la obra son las reflexiones en relación con la persona, la intimidad y la sociedad. Cada capítulo brinda respuestas, desde un específico ámbito disciplinar, a través de una metodología cualitativa, al problema antropológico y ético fundamental del cultivo de la intimidad o interioridad personal y sus repercusiones en la vida social. En concreto, los textos estudian la familia como ámbito de intimidad con inspiración en la antropología trascendental de Leonardo Polo; enfocan su atención en el problema de reducir a la persona a productor y analizan la intimidad como apertura a lo espiritual, camino para recuperar una vida solidaria y fraterna; describen el papel de la intimidad entendida como gestora de grandes acontecimientos en el desarrollo histórico de Occidente, a partir del pensamiento de Agustín de Hipona; analizan el tema de la intimidad en el Magisterio de Pablo VI; abordan el concepto de intimidad familiar como lugar donde se recibe formación en valores humanos y religiosos; y presentan la relación que existe entre intimidad y desplazamiento. Con estas investigaciones se espera contribuir a la reflexión humanística alrededor del tema de la intimidad y estimular nuevas pautas de investigación que permitan entender mejor el difícil mundo en que vivimos. (Tomado de la fuente)

In their seminal paper Artemov and Protopopescu provide Hilbert formal systems, Brower–Heyting–Kolmogorov and Kripke semantics for the logics of intuitionistic belief and knowledge. Subsequently Krupski has proved that the logic of intuitionistic knowledge is PSPACE-complete and Su and Sano have provided calculi enjoying the subformula property. This paper continues the investigations around sequent calculi for Intuitionistic Epistemic Logics by providing sequent calculi that have the subformula property and that are terminating in linear depth. Our calculi allow us to design a procedure that for invalid formulas returns a Kripke model of minimal depth. Finally we also discuss refutational sequent calculi, that is sequent calculi to prove that formulas are invalid.

Since cobots (collaborative robots) are increasingly being introduced in industrial environments, being aware of their potential positive and negative impacts on human collaborators is essential. This study guides occupational health workers by identifying the potential gains (reduced perceived time demand, number of gestures and number of errors) and concerns (the cobot takes a long time to perceive its environment, which eads to an increased completion time) associated with working with cobots. In our study, the collaboration between human and cobot during an assembly task did not negatively impact perceived cognitive load, increased completion time (but decreased perceived time demand), and decreased the number of gestures performed by participants and the number of errors made. Thus, performing the task in collaboration with a cobot improved the user's experience and performance, except for completion time, which increased. This study opens up avenues to investigate how to improve cobots to ensure the usability of the human-machine system at work., Comment: 12 pages

Background and Aims Crohns disease [CD] is a debilitating, inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. There is no cure and sustained clinical and endoscopic remission is achieved by fewer than half of patients with current therapies. The immunoregulatory function of the vagus nerve, the inflammatory reflex, has been established in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and biologic-naive CD. The aim of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation in patients with treatment-refractory CD, in a 16-week, open-label, multicentre, clinical trial.Methods A vagus nerve stimulator was implanted in 17 biologic drug-refractory patients with moderately to severely active CD. One patient exited the study pre-treatment, and 16 patients were treated with vagus nerve stimulation [4/16 receiving concomitant biologics] during 16 weeks of induction and 24 months of maintenance treatment. Endpoints included clinical improvement, patient-reported outcomes, objective measures of inflammation [endoscopic/molecular], and safety.Results There was a statistically significant and clinically meaningful decrease in CD Activity Index at Week 16 [mean +/- SD: -86.2 +/- 92.8, p = 0.003], a significant decrease in faecal calprotectin [-2923 +/- 4104, p = 0.015], a decrease in mucosal inflammation in 11/15 patients with paired endoscopies [-2.1 +/- 1.7, p = 0.23], and a decrease in serum tumour necrosis factor and interferon-gamma [46-52%]. Two quality-of-life indices improved in 7/11 patients treated without biologics. There was one study-related severe adverse event: a postoperative infection requiring device explantation.Conclusions Neuroimmune modulation via vagus nerve stimulation was generally safe and well tolerated, with a clinically meaningful reduction in clinical disease activity associated with endoscopic improvement, reduced levels of faecal calprotectin and serum cytokines, and improved quality of life. Graphical Abstract, Funding Agencies|SetPoint Medical, Inc.

El escrito aborda la relación entre intimidad y convivencia, pensada desde el valor del encuentro intra e interhumano que nace de la dimensión espiritual de la persona. A partir del estudio de las consecuencias de la excesiva publicación de la vida y la extimidad, se analizan los fenómenos de despersonalización y los obstáculos para la realización de la existencia propia. Se revisan críticamente los enfoques sobre la funcionalidad de los individuos respecto a la sociedad, como deterioro de la estructura existencial dialógica del ser personal, que nace del reconocimiento del sí mismo íntimo y relacional. Con ello se establecen las bases de la convivencia como estatuto de la vida intra e interpersonal, en la que se construye, desde la realidad de las personas biográficas y su zona más íntima y espiritual, la unidad entre naturaleza humana, la condición histórica y la experiencia de la comunidad. (Tomado de la fuente)

BackgroundIn Italy, the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection peaked in April and November 2020, defining two pandemic waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study compared the characteristics and outcomes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and SARS-CoV-2 infections between pandemic waves.MethodsObservational longitudinal study of IBD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with established diagnoses of IBD and of SARS-CoV-2 infection were consecutively enrolled in two periods: (i) first wave, from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2020; and (ii) second wave, from 15 September to 15 December 2020.ResultsWe enrolled 937 IBD patients (219 in the first wave, 718 in the second wave). Patients of the first wave were older (mean & PLUSMN; SD: 46.3 & PLUSMN; 16.2 vs. 44.1 & PLUSMN; 15.4 years, p = 0.06), more likely to have ulcerative colitis (58.0% vs. 44.4%, p < 0.001) and comorbidities (48.9% vs. 38.9%; p < 0.01), and more frequently residing in Northern Italy (73.1% vs. 46.0%, p < 0.001) than patients of the second wave. There were no significant differences between pandemic waves in sex (male: 54.3% vs. 53.3%, p = 0.82) or frequency of active IBD (44.3% vs. 39.0%, p = 0.18). The rates of negative outcomes were significantly higher in the first than second wave: pneumonia (27.8% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001), hospital admission (27.4% vs. 9.7%, p < 0.001), ventilatory support (11.9% vs. 5.4%, p < 0.003) and death (5.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.007).ConclusionBetween the first and second SARS-CoV-2 pandemic waves, demographic, clinical and geographical features of IBD patients were different as were the symptoms and outcomes of infection. These differences are likely due to the different epidemiological situations and diagnostic possibilities between the two waves.

Real world applications as in industry and robotics need modelling rich and diverse automated planning problems. Their resolution usually requires coordinated and concurrent action execution. In several cases, these problems are naturally decomposed in a hierarchical way and expressed by a Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) formalism. HDDL, a hierarchical extension of the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL), unlike PDDL 2.1 does not allow to represent planning problems with numerical and temporal constraints, which are essential for real world applications. We propose to fill the gap between HDDL and these operational needs and to extend HDDL by taking inspiration from PDDL 2.1 in order to express numerical and temporal expressions. This paper opens discussions on the semantics and the syntax needed for a future HDDL 2.1 extension., Comment: 5 pages, International Workshop of Hierarchical Planning (ICAPS), 2023

The Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) formalism is used to express a wide variety of planning problems as task decompositions, and many techniques have been proposed to solve them. However, few works have been done on temporal HTN. This is partly due to the lack of a formal and consensual definition of what a temporal hierarchical planning problem is as well as the difficulty to develop heuristics in this context. In response to these inconveniences, we propose in this paper a new general POCL (Partial Order Causal Link) approach to represent and solve a temporal HTN problem by using existing heuristics developed to solve non temporal problems. We show experimentally that this approach is performant and can outperform the existing ones.

In their seminal paper Artemov and Protopopescu provide Hilbert formal systems, Brower-Heyting-Kolmogorov and Kripke semantics for the logics of intuitionistic belief and knowledge. Subsequently Krupski has proved that the logic of intuitionistic knowledge is PSPACE-complete and Su and Sano have provided calculi enjoying the subformula property. This paper continues the investigations around to sequent calculi for Intuitionistic Epistemic Logics by providing sequent calculi that have the subformula property and that are terminating in linear depth. Our calculi allow us to design a procedure that for invalid formulas returns a Kripke model of minimal depth. Finally we also discuss refutational sequent calculi, that is sequent calculi to prove the invalidity.

Medical physics has made considerable contributions to recent advances in radiation oncology. Medical physicists are key players in the clinical and scientific radiation oncology context due to their unique skill sets, flexibility, clinical involvement and intrinsic translational character. The continuing development and widespread adoption of "high-tech" radiotherapy has led to an increased need for medical physics involvement. More recently, our field is rapidly changing towards an era of "precision oncology". These changes have opened new challenges for the definition of the professional and scientific roles and responsibilities of medical physicists. In this paper, we have identified four grand challenges of medical physics in radiation oncology: (1) improving target volume definition, (2) adoption of artificial intelligence and automation, (3) development of predictive models of biological effects for precision medicine, and (4) need for leadership. New visions and suggestions to orientate medical physics to successfully face these new challenges are summarized. We foresee that the scientific and professional challenges of our times are pushing medical physicists to accelerate toward multidisciplinarity. Medical physicists are expected to innovatively drive interactions and collaborations with other specialists outside radiation oncology while the radiation physics core will remain central. Medical physicists will retain strong and pivotal roles in quality, safety and in managing ever more complex technologies. The new challenges will require medical physicists to continuously update skills and innovate education, adapt curricula to include new fields, reinforce multi-disciplinary attitude and spirit of innovation. These challenges require visionary and open leadership, which is able to merge established roles with the exciting new fields where medical physics should increasingly contribute. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Syftet med studien var att ta reda på hur förskollärarna uppfattar betydelsen av fysisk rörelse i förskolan för barns utveckling och lärande. För att ta reda på det genomfördes en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer där åtta förskollärare deltog. Ljudupptagning skedde under intervjuernas gång och intervjuerna transkriberades och bearbetades i enlighet med en konventionell innehållsanalys. Resultatet visade att förskollärarna uppfattade att fysisk rörelse kan främja barns koncentrationsförmåga och välmående. Förskollärarna uppfattade även att den fysiska rörelsen kunde användas som innehåll och metod i undervisningen då de beskrev ett flertal undervisningstillfällen där de arbetat gränsöverskridande. Slutsatsen är att förskollärarna har en medvetenhet kring betydelsen av deras eget engagemang och delaktighet i fysiska aktiviteter. Att vara en god förebild är betydelsefullt för att stödja och uppmuntra barn till rörelseglädje.

Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Endoscopic-post-operative-recurrence [ePOR] in Crohn's disease [CD] after ileocecal resection [ICR] is a major concern. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early prophylaxis with biologics and to compare anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] therapy to vedolizumab [VDZ] and ustekinumab [UST] in a real-world setting. METHODS: A retrospective multicentre study of CD-adults after curative ICR on early prophylaxis was undertaken. ePOR was defined as a Rutgeerts score [RS] ≥ i2 or colonic-segmental-SES-CD ≥ 6. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors, and inverse probability treatment weighting [IPTW] was applied to compare the effectiveness between agents. RESULTS: The study included 297 patients (53.9% males, age at diagnosis 24 years [19-32], age at ICR 34 years [26-43], 18.5% smokers, 27.6% biologic-naïve, 65.7% anti-TNF experienced, 28.6% two or more biologics and 17.2% previous surgery). Overall, 224, 39 and 34 patients received anti-TNF, VDZ or UST, respectively. Patients treated with VDZ and UST were more biologic experienced with higher rates of previous surgery. ePOR rates within 1 year were 41.8%. ePOR rates by treatment groups were: anti-TNF 40.2%, VDZ 33% and UST 61.8%. Risk factors for ePOR at 1 year were: past-infliximab (adjusted odds ratio [adj.OR] = 1.73 [95% confidence interval, CI: 1.01-2.97]), past-adalimumab [adj.OR = 2.32 [95% CI: 1.35-4.01] and surgical aspects. After IPTW, the risk of ePOR within 1 year of VDZ vs anti-TNF or UST vs anti-TNF was comparable (OR = 0.55 [95% CI: 0.25-1.19], OR = 1.86 [95% CI: 0.79-4.38]), respectively. CONCLUSION: Prevention of ePOR within 1 year after surgery was successful in ~60% of patients. Patients treated with VDZ or UST consisted of a more refractory group. After controlling for confounders, no differences in ePOR risk were seen between anti-TNF prophylaxis and other groups.

Con el fallo de la Corte de la Haya en el 2012, en el marco del conflicto entre Colombia y Nicaragua, la Corte decidió reconocer a favor de Colombia la soberanía ejercida sobre el Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia. Pero, al mismo tiempo, determinó una nueva área de territorio marítimo para Nicaragua, correspondiente a 75,000 Km2, lo que conllevó a que Colombia perdiera dominio sobre mar territorial lo que afectó la actividad económica del archipiélago, en especial, en lo referente a la pesca. En efecto, el fallo afectó la relación pesca-navegación y cultura del nativo raizal, razón por lo cual, esta situación supuso un reto para el Gobierno Nacional del presidente Juan Manuel Santos, lo que implicaba que la población pesquera y raizal, en general, tuvieran una mejor calidad de vida, condiciones de empleo e ingresos, acceso a los bienes y servicios básicos, y seguridad alimentaria. Sin embargo, las medidas adoptadas por el Gobierno Nacional de Juan Manuel Santos no fueron suficientes para mitigar el impacto del fallo de la Haya, pues el balance para los habitantes del archipiélago, en especial, para los pesqueros, no ha sido el mejor. Al respecto, un 90% del recurso pesquero se ha perdido en los últimos años por no poder acceder a esas zonas de pesca que bordean el meridiano 82, y que fueron otorgadas a Nicaragua. (Tomado de la fuente).

Con el fallo de la Corte de la Haya en el 2012, en el marco del conflicto entre Colombia y Nicaragua, la Corte decidió reconocer a favor de Colombia la soberanía ejercida sobre el Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia. Pero, al mismo tiempo, determinó una nueva área de territorio marítimo para Nicaragua, correspondiente a 75,000 Km2, lo que conllevó a que Colombia perdiera dominio sobre mar territorial lo que afectó la actividad económica del archipiélago, en especial, en lo referente a la pesca. En efecto, el fallo afectó la relación pesca-navegación y cultura del nativo raizal, razón por lo cual, esta situación supuso un reto para el Gobierno Nacional del presidente Juan Manuel Santos, lo que implicaba que la población pesquera y raizal, en general, tuvieran una mejor calidad de vida, condiciones de empleo e ingresos, acceso a los bienes y servicios básicos, y seguridad alimentaria. Sin embargo, las medidas adoptadas por el Gobierno Nacional de Juan Manuel Santos no fueron suficientes para mitigar el impacto del fallo de la Haya, pues el balance para los habitantes del archipiélago, en especial, para los pesqueros, no ha sido el mejor. Al respecto, un 90% del recurso pesquero se ha perdido en los últimos años por no poder acceder a esas zonas de pesca que bordean el meridiano 82, y que fueron otorgadas a Nicaragua. (Tomado de la fuente).

Impaired baseline lung function is associated with mortality after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), yet limited knowledge of the molecular pathways that characterize pretransplant lung function has hindered the development of lung-targeted interventions. In this study, we quantified the association between bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) metatranscriptomes and paired pulmonary function tests performed a median of 1 to 2 weeks before allogeneic HCT in 104 children in The Netherlands. Abnormal pulmonary function was recorded in more than half the cohort, consisted most commonly of restriction and impaired diffusion, and was associated with both all-cause and lung injury-related mortality after HCT. Depletion of commensal supraglottic taxa, such as Haemophilus, and enrichment of nasal and skin taxa, such as Staphylococcus, in the BAL microbiome were associated with worse measures of lung capacity and gas diffusion. In addition, BAL gene expression signatures of alveolar epithelial activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and down-regulated immunity were associated with impaired lung capacity and diffusion, suggesting a postinjury profibrotic response. Detection of microbial depletion and abnormal epithelial gene expression in BAL enhanced the prognostic utility of pre-HCT pulmonary function tests for the outcome of post-HCT mortality. These findings suggest a potentially actionable connection between microbiome depletion, alveolar injury, and pulmonary fibrosis in the pathogenesis of pre-HCT lung dysfunction.

The processes of social confinement caused by the global health crisis (COVID-19), have forced professors to assume new research competencies that allow them to improve science indicators and contribute to the research culture in the digital era for the Latin American region. This article analyzes the research culture of Latin American professors in 20 countries in the digital era, and their relationship with the production of scientific papers indexed in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) between 1996 and 2019. A questionnaire (with validity and reliability criteria) with a Likert-type scale was applied to 2,215 professors selected from five international scientific events. The main results show that 78% of the professors have less than 15 years of teaching experience, with ages under 44 years of age and 38.9% of them with an undergraduate academic level, 62.5% of whom responded that they have never published in indexed journals, and that they do not know the proper application of paradigms and research designs. On the other hand, 23.86% of the total citations are self-citations. Therefore, the results reflect a significant relationship between the research culture of professors and Latin American scientific production. Finally, Latin American professors have found themselves in economic, political and social circumstances that affect good research and scientific publication practices, leaving a training gap in research competencies in the new digital era., Los procesos de confinamiento social provocados por la crisis de salud mundial (COVID-19), han obligado a los docentes a asumir nuevas competencias investigativas que le permitan mejorar los indicadores de ciencia y aportar a la cultura de investigación en la era digital para la región latinoamericana. Este artículo analiza la cultura investigativa de los docentes latinoamericanos de 20 países, en la era digital y su relación con la producción de documentos científicos indexados en Journal Citation Report (JCR) entre 1996 y 2019. Se aplicó un cuestionario (con criterios de validez y confiabilidad) con escala tipo Likert a 2.215 docentes derivados de cinco eventos científicos internacionales. Los principales resultados dan cuenta que el 78% de los docentes tienen menos de 15 años de experiencia docente con edades que no superan los 44 años y un nivel académico del 38,9% de pregrado. Estos, a su vez, en un 62,5% respondieron que nunca han publicado en revistas indexadas, además desconociendo la aplicación adecuada de los paradigmas y diseños de investigación. Por otra parte, el 23,86% de las citaciones totales son auto citas. Por tanto, los resultados reflejan una relación significativa entre la cultura investigativa del docente y la producción científica latinoamericana. Finalmente, los docentes latinoamericanos se han visto en circunstancias económicas, políticas y sociales que afectan las buenas prácticas de investigación y publicación científica dejando entre ver una brecha de formación sobre competencias investigativas en la nueva era digital.

The processes of social confinement caused by the global health crisis (COVID-19), have forced professors to assume new research competencies that allow them to improve science indicators and contribute to the research culture in the digital era for the Latin American region. This article analyzes the research culture of Latin American professors in 20 countries in the digital era, and their relationship with the production of scientific papers indexed in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) between 1996 and 2019. A questionnaire (with validity and reliability criteria) with a Likert-type scale was applied to 2,215 professors selected from five international scientific events. The main results show that 78% of the professors have less than 15 years of teaching experience, with ages under 44 years of age and 38.9% of them with an undergraduate academic level, 62.5% of whom responded that they have never published in indexed journals, and that they do not know the proper application of paradigms and research designs. On the other hand, 23.86% of the total citations are self-citations. Therefore, the results reflect a significant relationship between the research culture of professors and Latin American scientific production. Finally, Latin American professors have found themselves in economic, political and social circumstances that affect good research and scientific publication practices, leaving a training gap in research competencies in the new digital era., Los procesos de confinamiento social provocados por la crisis de salud mundial (COVID-19), han obligado a los docentes a asumir nuevas competencias investigativas que le permitan mejorar los indicadores de ciencia y aportar a la cultura de investigación en la era digital para la región latinoamericana. Este artículo analiza la cultura investigativa de los docentes latinoamericanos de 20 países, en la era digital y su relación con la producción de documentos científicos indexados en Journal Citation Report (JCR) entre 1996 y 2019. Se aplicó un cuestionario (con criterios de validez y confiabilidad) con escala tipo Likert a 2.215 docentes derivados de cinco eventos científicos internacionales. Los principales resultados dan cuenta que el 78% de los docentes tienen menos de 15 años de experiencia docente con edades que no superan los 44 años y un nivel académico del 38,9% de pregrado. Estos, a su vez, en un 62,5% respondieron que nunca han publicado en revistas indexadas, además desconociendo la aplicación adecuada de los paradigmas y diseños de investigación. Por otra parte, el 23,86% de las citaciones totales son auto citas. Por tanto, los resultados reflejan una relación significativa entre la cultura investigativa del docente y la producción científica latinoamericana. Finalmente, los docentes latinoamericanos se han visto en circunstancias económicas, políticas y sociales que afectan las buenas prácticas de investigación y publicación científica dejando entre ver una brecha de formación sobre competencias investigativas en la nueva era digital.

The processes of social confinement caused by the global health crisis (COVID-19), have forced professors to assume new research competencies that allow them to improve science indicators and contribute to the research culture in the digital era for the Latin American region. This article analyzes the research culture of Latin American professors in 20 countries in the digital era, and their relationship with the production of scientific papers indexed in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) between 1996 and 2019. A questionnaire (with validity and reliability criteria) with a Likerttype scale was applied to 2,215 professors selected from five international scientific events. The main results show that 78% of the professors have less than 15 years of teaching experience, with ages under 44 years of age and 38.9% of them with an undergraduate academic level, 62.5% of whom responded that they have never published in indexed journals, and that they do not know the proper application of paradigms and research designs. On the other hand, 23.86% of the total citations are self-citations. Therefore, the results reflect a significant relationship between the research culture of professors and Latin American scientific production. Finally, Latin American professors have found themselves in economic, political and social circumstances that affect good research and scientific publication practices, leaving a training gap in research competencies in the new digital era., Los procesos de confinamiento social provocados por la crisis de salud mundial (COVID-19), han obligado a los docentes a asumir nuevas competencias investigativas que le permitan mejorar los indicadores de ciencia y aportar a la cultura de investigación en la era digital para la región latinoamericana. Este artículo analiza la cultura investigativa de los docentes latinoamericanos de 20 países, en la era digital y su relación con la producción de documentos científicos indexados en Journal Citation Report (JCR) entre 1996 y 2019. Se aplicó un cuestionario (con criterios de validez y confiabilidad) con escala tipo Likert a 2.215 docentes derivados de cinco eventos científicos internacionales. Los principales resultados dan cuenta que el 78% de los docentes tienen menos de 15 años de experiencia docente con edades que no superan los 44 años y un nivel académico del 38,9% de pregrado. Estos, a su vez, en un 62,5% respondieron que nunca han publicado en revistas indexadas, además desconociendo la aplicación adecuada de los paradigmas y diseños de investigación. Por otra parte, el 23,86% de las citaciones totales son auto citas. Por tanto, los resultados reflejan una relación significativa entre la cultura investigativa del docente y la producción científica latinoamericana. Finalmente, los docentes latinoamericanos se han visto en circunstancias económicas, políticas y sociales que afectan las buenas prácticas de investigación y publicación científica dejando entrever una brecha de formación sobre competencias investigativas en la nueva era digital.

From the interaction between ethics and communication, a reconstruction of the relationship with the other is proposed for the recomposition of the social fabric in environments of violence. The links between ethics, the common good and education are reviewed through the critical reconceptualization of the word as a properly human tool for the construction of coexistence and the future. Violent environments of discursive transitions are characterized as a challenge to transform relations between communication and politics. The demands of the ethics of life, justice and cordial reason are proposed as a critical path for the transformation of political language, Desde la interacción entre ética y comunicación, se propone una reconstrucción de la relación con el otropara la recomposición del tejido social en entornos de violencia. Se revisan los vínculos entre ética, bien común y educación mediante la reconceptualización crítica de la palabra como herramienta propiamente humana para la construcción de convivencia y futuro. Se caracterizan los entornos de violencia de las transiciones discursivas como desafío para transformar las relaciones entre comunicación y política. Las exigencias de la ética de la vida, la justicia y razón cordial se proponen como camino crítico para la transformación del lenguaje político

The article unravels, in the horizon of the rich production of the Colombian writer Plinio Apuleyo Mendoza, the keys to a social and cultural experience that gives content to what Gabriel García Márquez called “the novel of disenchantment.” Based on the consequences of pending utopias and unfulfilled social hopes and from a broad knowledge of the processes described, the author’s resources play with historical and fictional protagonists and situations, as part of a plot in which literature, history and political, to explain, in a testimonial, critical and highly analytical approach, important events and political processes in Colombia and Latin America. The analysis concludes by valuing the key aspects of the novel as a contribution to collective historical memory, within the framework of the author’s valuable narrative trajectory, El artículo desentraña, en el horizonte de la rica producción del escritor colombiano Plinio Apuleyo Mendoza, las claves de una experiencia social y cultural que le da contenido a lo que Gabriel García Márquez denomino “la novela del desencanto”. A partir de las consecuencias de las utopías pendientes y las esperanzas sociales incumplidas y desde un amplio conocimiento de los procesos descritos, los recursos del autor juegan con protagonistas y situaciones, históricos y ficticios, como parte de una trama en la que confluyen literatura, historia y política, para explicar, en una aproximación testimonial, crítica y de alto valor analítico, importantes acontecimientos y procesos políticos de Colombia y de América latina. El análisis concluye valorizando los aspectos clave de la novela como aporte a la memoria histórica colectiva, en al marco de la valiosa trayectoria narrativa del autor

From the interaction between ethics and communication, a reconstruction of the relationship with the other is proposed for the recomposition of the social fabric in environments of violence. The links between ethics, the common good and education are reviewed through the critical reconceptualization of the word as a properly human tool for the construction of coexistence and the future. Violent environments of discursive transitions are characterized as a challenge to transform relations between communication and politics. The demands of the ethics of life, justice and cordial reason are proposed as a critical path for the transformation of political language, Desde la interacción entre ética y comunicación, se propone una reconstrucción de la relación con el otropara la recomposición del tejido social en entornos de violencia. Se revisan los vínculos entre ética, bien común y educación mediante la reconceptualización crítica de la palabra como herramienta propiamente humana para la construcción de convivencia y futuro. Se caracterizan los entornos de violencia de las transiciones discursivas como desafío para transformar las relaciones entre comunicación y política. Las exigencias de la ética de la vida, la justicia y razón cordial se proponen como camino crítico para la transformación del lenguaje político

Background and Purpose: Early Regression Index (ERITCP) is an image-based parameter based on tumor control probability modelling, that reported interesting results in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) after pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer. This study aims to evaluate this parameter for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (LACC), considering not only T2-weighted but also diffusion-weighted (DW) Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, comparing it with other image-based param-eters such as tumor volumes and apparent coefficient diffusion (ADC).Materials and Methods: A total of 88 patients affected by LACC (FIGO IB2-IVA) and treated with CRT were enrolled. An MRI protocol consisting in two acquisitions (T2-w and DWI) in two times (before treatment and at mid-therapy) was applied. Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) was delineated and ERITCP was calculated for both imaging modalities. Surgery was performed for each patient after nCRT: pCR was considered in case of absence of any residual tumor cells. The predictive performance of ERITCP, GTV volumes (calculated on T2-w and DW MR images) and ADC parameters were evaluated in terms of area (AUC) under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve considering pCR and two-years survival parameters as clinical outcomes.Results: ERITCP and GTV volumes calculated on DW MR images (ERIDWI and Vmid_DWI) significantly predict pCR (AUC = 0.77 and 0.75 respectively) with results superior to those observed considering T2-w MR images or ADC parameters. Significance was also reported in the prediction of 2-years local control and disease free-survival. Conclusion: This study identified ERITCP and Vmid as good predictor of pCR in case of LACC, especially if calculated considering DWI. Using these indicators, it is possible to early identify not responders and modifying the treatment, accordingly.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Radiotherapy and Oncology 174 (2022) 30-36