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Plant photosystem I (PSI) consists of at least 13 nuclear-encoded and 4 chloroplast-encoded subunits that together act as a sunlight-driven oxidoreductase. Here we report the structure of a PSI assembly intermediate that we isolated from greening oat seedlings. The assembly intermediate shows an absence of at least eight subunits, including PsaF and LHCI, and lacks photoreduction activity. The data show that PsaF is a regulatory checkpoint that promotes the assembly of LHCI, effectively coupling biogenesis to function. This study reports the structure of a photosystem I assembly intermediate isolated from greening oat seedlings. It defines PsaF as a regulatory checkpoint promoting the association of LHCI that couples biogenesis to function.

Objective: To construct an indicator for assessing the complexity of UK veterans’ needs. Study design: Cross-sectional, secondary analysis. Methods: The study applied principal component (PCA) analysis as the method to determine the weights of different needs based on their interactions with each other, the effectiveness of the model was evaluated using bootstrapping. The dataset on UK veterans’ support provided by the “Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen and Families Associations” (SSAFA) (N = 35,208) was considered. The grant applications for different categories of support were used as indicators of different needs. The dimensions of breadth (number of different needs) and depth (number of grant applications to address the need) were incorporated in the assessment of complexity. Results: The complex needs indicator for the current sample was validated. The majority of cases had a complexity score of 1 or less. Conclusions: The research suggested and tested an assessment method for the complexity of veterans’ needs, that may be positively associated with higher risk of adverse health outcomes. This indicator can be used by decision-makers for risk stratification of the veteran population, thus supporting the allocation of resources in a more effective way.

Large language models (LLMs) are notorious for hallucinating, i.e., producing erroneous claims in their output. Such hallucinations can be dangerous, as occasional factual inaccuracies in the generated text might be obscured by the rest of the output being generally factual, making it extremely hard for the users to spot them. Current services that leverage LLMs usually do not provide any means for detecting unreliable generations. Here, we aim to bridge this gap. In particular, we propose a novel fact-checking and hallucination detection pipeline based on token-level uncertainty quantification. Uncertainty scores leverage information encapsulated in the output of a neural network or its layers to detect unreliable predictions, and we show that they can be used to fact-check the atomic claims in the LLM output. Moreover, we present a novel token-level uncertainty quantification method that removes the impact of uncertainty about what claim to generate on the current step and what surface form to use. Our method Claim Conditioned Probability (CCP) measures only the uncertainty of particular claim value expressed by the model. Experiments on the task of biography generation demonstrate strong improvements for CCP compared to the baselines for six different LLMs and three languages. Human evaluation reveals that the fact-checking pipeline based on uncertainty quantification is competitive with a fact-checking tool that leverages external knowledge.

The adoption of tablets with touchscreens and styluses is increasing, and a key feature is converting handwriting to text, enabling search, indexing, and AI assistance. Meanwhile, vision-language models (VLMs) are now the go-to solution for image understanding, thanks to both their state-of-the-art performance across a variety of tasks and the simplicity of a unified approach to training, fine-tuning, and inference. While VLMs obtain high performance on image-based tasks, they perform poorly on handwriting recognition when applied naively, i.e., by rendering handwriting as an image and performing optical character recognition (OCR). In this paper, we study online handwriting recognition with VLMs, going beyond naive OCR. We propose a novel tokenized representation of digital ink (online handwriting) that includes both a time-ordered sequence of strokes as text, and as image. We show that this representation yields results comparable to or better than state-of-the-art online handwriting recognizers. Wide applicability is shown through results with two different VLM families, on multiple public datasets. Our approach can be applied to off-the-shelf VLMs, does not require any changes in their architecture, and can be used in both fine-tuning and parameter-efficient tuning. We perform a detailed ablation study to identify the key elements of the proposed representation.

We introduce MathWriting, the largest online handwritten mathematical expression dataset to date. It consists of 230k human-written samples and an additional 400k synthetic ones. MathWriting can also be used for offline HME recognition and is larger than all existing offline HME datasets like IM2LATEX-100K. We introduce a benchmark based on MathWriting data in order to advance research on both online and offline HME recognition.

This service catalog provides a compilation of possible individual tasks and services in the scientific open access publishing process. The catalog is intended for use by all individuals and institutions involved in the publication process in their sometimes overlapping roles: authors and editors, publication service providers (publishers, repositories, etc.), sponsors (foundations, etc.), libraries, and other involved parties. They can decide for themselves which of the listed publication fields, services and technicalities are relevant to their work. On the one hand, the aim is to create a basis for contracts or contract negotiations between the different involved parties in a transparent manner and on an equal footing, and to facilitate comparability. On the other hand, the catalog is intended to promote and facilitate cooperative forms of publication between the parties involved, especially in the digital domain. The catalog is based on the results of the AuROA project (Autor:innen und Rechtssicherheit für Open Access - authors and legal certainty for open access), which examined the heterogeneous and complex needs, perspectives, and requirements entailed in open-access publishing for disciplines that regularly publish in book form. In order to achieve legally secure publication conditions, the AuROA contract generator was developed. This tool generates individual sample contracts for open access publications that are based, among other things, on elements from this service catalog. The University Library of the University of Duisburg-Essen headed the project in a two-year collaborative effort with the Department of Communication and Business at the IST Hochschule für Management in Düsseldorf and the Department of Book and Reading Studies at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz.

This service catalog provides a compilation of possible individual tasks and services in the scientific open access publishing process. The catalog is intended for use by all individuals and institutions involved in the publication process in their sometimes overlapping roles: authors and editors, publication service providers (publishers, repositories, etc.), sponsors (foundations, etc.), libraries, and other involved parties. They can decide for themselves which of the listed publication fields, services and technicalities are relevant to their work. On the one hand, the aim is to create a basis for contracts or contract negotiations between the different involved parties in a transparent manner and on an equal footing, and to facilitate comparability. On the other hand, the catalog is intended to promote and facilitate cooperative forms of publication between the parties involved, especially in the digital domain. The catalog is based on the results of the AuROA project (Autor:innen und Rechtssicherheit für Open Access - authors and legal certainty for open access), which examined the heterogeneous and complex needs, perspectives, and requirements entailed in open-access publishing for disciplines that regularly publish in book form. In order to achieve legally secure publication conditions, the AuROA contract generator was developed. This tool generates individual sample contracts for open access publications that are based, among other things, on elements from this service catalog. The University Library of the University of Duisburg-Essen headed the project in a two-year collaborative effort with the Department of Communication and Business at the IST Hochschule für Management in Düsseldorf and the Department of Book and Reading Studies at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz.

This service catalog provides a compilation of possible individual tasks and services in the scientific open access publishing process. The catalog is intended for use by all individuals and institutions involved in the publication process in their sometimes overlapping roles: authors and editors, publication service providers (publishers, repositories, etc.), sponsors (foundations, etc.), libraries, and other involved parties. They can decide for themselves which of the listed publication fields, services and technicalities are relevant to their work. On the one hand, the aim is to create a basis for contracts or contract negotiations between the different involved parties in a transparent manner and on an equal footing, and to facilitate comparability. On the other hand, the catalog is intended to promote and facilitate cooperative forms of publication between the parties involved, especially in the digital domain. The catalog is based on the results of the AuROA project (Autor:innen und Rechtssicherheit für Open Access - authors and legal certainty for open access), which examined the heterogeneous and complex needs, perspectives, and requirements entailed in open-access publishing for disciplines that regularly publish in book form. In order to achieve legally secure publication conditions, the AuROA contract generator was developed. This tool generates individual sample contracts for open access publications that are based, among other things, on elements from this service catalog. The University Library of the University of Duisburg-Essen headed the project in a two-year collaborative effort with the Department of Communication and Business at the IST Hochschule für Management in Düsseldorf and the Department of Book and Reading Studies at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz.

As text generative models can give increasingly long answers, we tackle the problem of synthesizing long text in digital ink. We show that the commonly used models for this task fail to generalize to long-form data and how this problem can be solved by augmenting the training data, changing the model architecture and the inference procedure. These methods use contrastive learning technique and are tailored specifically for the handwriting domain. They can be applied to any encoder-decoder model that works with digital ink. We demonstrate that our method reduces the character error rate on long-form English data by half compared to baseline RNN and by 16% compared to the previous approach that aims at addressing the same problem. We show that all three parts of the method improve recognizability of generated inks. In addition, we evaluate synthesized data in a human study and find that people perceive most of generated data as real.

Recent advancements in the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have paved the way for a myriad of groundbreaking applications in various fields. However, a significant challenge arises as these models often "hallucinate", i.e., fabricate facts without providing users an apparent means to discern the veracity of their statements. Uncertainty estimation (UE) methods are one path to safer, more responsible, and more effective use of LLMs. However, to date, research on UE methods for LLMs has been focused primarily on theoretical rather than engineering contributions. In this work, we tackle this issue by introducing LM-Polygraph, a framework with implementations of a battery of state-of-the-art UE methods for LLMs in text generation tasks, with unified program interfaces in Python. Additionally, it introduces an extendable benchmark for consistent evaluation of UE techniques by researchers, and a demo web application that enriches the standard chat dialog with confidence scores, empowering end-users to discern unreliable responses. LM-Polygraph is compatible with the most recent LLMs, including BLOOMz, LLaMA-2, ChatGPT, and GPT-4, and is designed to support future releases of similarly-styled LMs., Comment: Accepted at EMNLP-2023

Introduction: The veteran population in the UK has been decreasing, however, there remains a proportion of veterans and their families who continue to experience multiple and complex health, financial, and social needs. The complex problems tend to exacerbate each other and deepen over time if appropriate support is not provided. Identifying the veterans with complex needs is crucial for effective support by military charities and health and social care services. The present research aims to develop a complex needs indicator for the veteran population (CNIV) that will quantify complexity and help to identify the risk of having or developing complex needs. Methods: The development of the CNIV will be informed by the guidance for constructing composite indicators. The data on grant support received by veterans’ beneficiaries from the UK Royal Marine and SSFA charities will be used for designing the indicator and evaluating its robustness. The crucial step in constructing the indicator is assigning weights to different needs and risk factors associated with complex cases. Factor analysis (FA) and analytical network process (ANP) will be used as weighting methods for the analysed variables. Conclusion: The development of CNIV has important implications for research and practice, such as the potential to be used as a screening tool for identifying complex cases, improved provision of the targeted support to veterans, assessing the scope of complex problems among veterans within the country and informing policy makers and a more general audience of the complexity of need within the sector.

Traumatic deaths of military personnel can have tragic consequences for the lives and health of bereaved significant others. To mitigate the effects, the UK Armed Forces enhanced the support for bereaved military families. However, little is known about whether the support has been satisfactory. The present research applied mixed methods to explore the experiences of bereaved UK military families (N = 264) with different types of support and how it historically changed over time. The findings suggest that although support has improved, further improvements are required in the provision of financial information, administrative support, and access to psychological support for all bereaved family members.

Traumatic deaths of military personnel can have tragic consequences for the lives and health of bereaved significant others. To mitigate the effects, the UK Armed Forces enhanced the support for bereaved military families. However, little is known about whether the support has been satisfactory. The present research applied mixed methods to explore the experiences of bereaved UK military families (N = 264) with different types of support and how it historically changed over time. The findings suggest that although support has improved, further improvements are required in the provision of financial information, administrative support, and access to psychological support for all bereaved family members.

Introduction: The veteran population in the UK has been decreasing, however, there remains a proportion of veterans and their families who continue to experience multiple and complex health, financial, and social needs. The complex problems tend to exacerbate each other and deepen over time if appropriate support is not provided. Identifying the veterans with complex needs is crucial for effective support by military charities and health and social care services. The present research aims to develop a complex needs indicator for the veteran population (CNIV) that will quantify complexity and help to identify the risk of having or developing complex needs. Methods: The development of the CNIV will be informed by the guidance for constructing composite indicators. The data on grant support received by veterans’ beneficiaries from the UK Royal Marine and SSFA charities will be used for designing the indicator and evaluating its robustness. The crucial step in constructing the indicator is assigning weights to different needs and risk factors associated with complex cases. Factor analysis (FA) and analytical network process (ANP) will be used as weighting methods for the analysed variables. Conclusion: The development of CNIV has important implications for research and practice, such as the potential to be used as a screening tool for identifying complex cases, improved provision of the targeted support to veterans, assessing the scope of complex problems among veterans within the country and informing policy makers and a more general audience of the complexity of need within the sector.

Traumatic deaths of military personnel can have tragic consequences for the lives and health of bereaved significant others. To mitigate the effects, the UK Armed Forces enhanced the support for bereaved military families. However, little is known about whether the support has been satisfactory. The present research applied mixed methods to explore the experiences of bereaved UK military families (N = 264) with different types of support and how it historically changed over time. The findings suggest that although support has improved, further improvements are required in the provision of financial information, administrative support, and access to psychological support for all bereaved family members.

In einer Umfrage und zwei Workshops hat das Projekt AuROA Erkenntnisse zu den Stakeholdern im geistes- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Publikationsprozess sowie ihren Perspektiven gesammelt. Diese ergänzen die Erkenntnisse aus weiteren Veranstaltungen und einer Vielzahl von persönlichen Gesprächen. Die wichtigsten Themen der Workshops waren Hürden und Lösungsansätze in OpenAccess-Publikationsabläufen für und zwischen den verschiedenen Stakeholdergruppen. Die Umfrage beleuchtete insbesondere Publikationserfahrungen von Autor:innen sowie deren Positionen zu Open Access, Verlagsrenommee und Verlagsdienstleistungen. Der Schwerpunkt lag hierbei stärker auf den Geistes- als auf den Sozialwissenschaften. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftler:innen sind dabei vor allem in den klassischen Publikationsformen wie Monographien, Sammelwerken und Zeitschriftenartikeln erfahren. Letztere haben dabei nicht den herausragenden Status wie im STM-Bereich. Die genutzten Publikationsformen stimmen dabei nicht unbedingt mit jenen überein, die als besonders renommiert eingeschätzt werden. Open Access stehen die Befragten sehr positiv gegenüber, sind in der Praxis aber noch nicht sehr vertraut mit den konkreten Möglichkeiten, Open Access zu publizieren. Wichtig ist den Stakeholdern die Abgrenzung von den Rahmenbedingungen im STM-Bereich, dessen breite Lösungen sie als nicht zielführend ansehen. Zu den Gründen gehören die sehr kleinteiligen Verlags- und Disziplinen-Landschaften in den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften. Welche Verlage als besonders renommiert angesehen werden, hängt dabei wenig mit den Dienstleistungen der Verlage zusammen. Stattdessen werden Verlage nach einem tradierten Markennamen und einer historisch gewachsenen Marktposition beurteilt, aber auch nach fachrelevanten Publikationen und namhaften Herausgeber:innen. Selbst bei renommierten Verlagen zeigt sich allerdings auch eine hohe Quote an Unzufriedenheit mit den tatsächlich erbrachten Dienstleistungen. Im Hinblick auf finanzie

In einer Umfrage und zwei Workshops hat das Projekt AuROA Erkenntnisse zu den Stakeholdern im geistes- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Publikationsprozess sowie ihren Perspektiven gesammelt. Diese ergänzen die Erkenntnisse aus weiteren Veranstaltungen und einer Vielzahl von persönlichen Gesprächen. Die wichtigsten Themen der Workshops waren Hürden und Lösungsansätze in OpenAccess-Publikationsabläufen für und zwischen den verschiedenen Stakeholdergruppen. Die Umfrage beleuchtete insbesondere Publikationserfahrungen von Autor:innen sowie deren Positionen zu Open Access, Verlagsrenommee und Verlagsdienstleistungen. Der Schwerpunkt lag hierbei stärker auf den Geistes- als auf den Sozialwissenschaften. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftler:innen sind dabei vor allem in den klassischen Publikationsformen wie Monographien, Sammelwerken und Zeitschriftenartikeln erfahren. Letztere haben dabei nicht den herausragenden Status wie im STM-Bereich. Die genutzten Publikationsformen stimmen dabei nicht unbedingt mit jenen überein, die als besonders renommiert eingeschätzt werden. Open Access stehen die Befragten sehr positiv gegenüber, sind in der Praxis aber noch nicht sehr vertraut mit den konkreten Möglichkeiten, Open Access zu publizieren. Wichtig ist den Stakeholdern die Abgrenzung von den Rahmenbedingungen im STM-Bereich, dessen breite Lösungen sie als nicht zielführend ansehen. Zu den Gründen gehören die sehr kleinteiligen Verlags- und Disziplinen-Landschaften in den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften. Welche Verlage als besonders renommiert angesehen werden, hängt dabei wenig mit den Dienstleistungen der Verlage zusammen. Stattdessen werden Verlage nach einem tradierten Markennamen und einer historisch gewachsenen Marktposition beurteilt, aber auch nach fachrelevanten Publikationen und namhaften Herausgeber:innen. Selbst bei renommierten Verlagen zeigt sich allerdings auch eine hohe Quote an Unzufriedenheit mit den tatsächlich erbrachten Dienstleistungen. Im Hinblick auf finanzie

Статья освещает виртуальные экскурсии, как один из вариантов применения новых информационных технологий в учебном процессе.

В статье рассматривается инновационная деятельность преподавателя в современном образовательном пространстве, использование и применение педагогических новшеств в практике обучения и воспитания будущих специалистов, создание в образовательном учреждении определенной инновационной среды.

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности учащихся в школе. Определено позитивное влияние исследовательской деятельности на раскрытие индивидуальных особенностей и способностей детей.

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности учащихся в школе. Определено позитивное влияние исследовательской деятельности на раскрытие индивидуальных особенностей и способностей детей.

В статье рассматривается инновационная деятельность преподавателя в современном образовательном пространстве, использование и применение педагогических новшеств в практике обучения и воспитания будущих специалистов, создание в образовательном учреждении определенной инновационной среды.

Статья освещает виртуальные экскурсии, как один из вариантов применения новых информационных технологий в учебном процессе.

Как отмечают авторы статьи, методика В.В. Воскобовича инновационная, современная, самобытная и творческая, основанная на принципах развития, обучения и воспитания ребенка через игру, что позволяет всесторонне развивать активную речь, творческое воображение и познавательные способности у детей с ТНР.

В статье описываются способы развития пространственных представлений старших дошкольников с ТНР средствами пособий В.В. Восокбовича.

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности учащихся в школе. Определено позитивное влияние исследовательской деятельности на раскрытие индивидуальных особенностей и способностей детей.

A short scope for technology of culture heritage artifacts processing with using of gamma and electron irradiation is presented in this work., В работе представлен краткий обзор технологии сохранения объектов культурного наследия с использованием радиационной обработки на основе гамма и электронного излучений.

The article discusses the ways and methods of developing high-quality videos, which is especially important when we teach specialists in the field of the media industry and creating both entertaining and educational videos., В статье рассматриваются способы и методы разработки качественных видеороликов, что особенно актуально при подготовке специалистов в области медиаиндустрии и создании как развлекательного, так и обучающего видео.

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности учащихся в школе. Определено позитивное влияние исследовательской деятельности на раскрытие индивидуальных особенностей и способностей детей.

Статья посвящена креативности личности, профессиональной деформации и возможности коррекции синдрома эмоционального выгорания путем формирования креативности.

В статье рассматривается проблема развития уверенности в себе студентов организации среднего профессионального образования с помощью тренинговых занятий. Авторы обосновывают актуальность проблемы, рассматривают особенности проявления уверенности в себе в юношеском возрасте, а также приводят данные экспериментального исследования уверенности в себе студентов организации среднего профессионального образования.

Современный образовательный процесс невозможно представить без качественного обеспечения цифровыми образовательными материалами. В данной статье проанализированы существующие цифровые образовательные ресурсы, выделены основные педагогические цели и возможности их использования.

Современный образовательный процесс невозможно представить без качественного обеспечения цифровыми образовательными материалами. В данной статье рассмотрены основные возможности онлайн-сервисов для организации образовательного процесса.

Один из важнейших этапов аналитического контроля высокочистых халькогенидных стекол, используемых для изготовления оптоволоконных устройств, является установление содержания матричных элементов с неопределенностью на уровне 0.1–0.2 % мол. Необходимость данного этапа аналитического контроля возникает из-за сложности получения высокочистых халькогенидных стекол с необходимой точностью задания матричного состава, что связано, отчасти, с возможными потерями матричных элементов на многочисленных стадиях синтеза и очистки. Методик определения матричных элементов стекол системы Ge-Se-Te с необходимыми метрологическими характеристиками найти не удалось. В статье описана разработка методики определения матричных элементов высокочистых стекол вышеуказанной системы в диапазоне содержания германия от 10 до 35 % мол., селена и теллура – от 20 до 50 % мол. с расширенной неопределенностью результатов анализа на уровне 0.01–0.2 % мол. (P = 0.95) с использованием атомно-эмиссионной спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой. Предложен способ приготовления первичных градуировочных растворов, необходимых для достижения заявленного уровня неопределенности, с использованием германия, селена и теллура в форме чистых простых веществ. Корректность оценки точности результатов анализа подтверждена сопоставлением расчетного матричного состава модельных образцов стекол, изготовленных прямым синтезом из высокочистых простых веществ в запаянной ампуле из кварцевого стекла, с результатами анализа. Главное достоинство предложенной методики анализа – отсутствие потребности в образцах сравнения, идентичных анализируемому материалу, что особенно важно при установлении матричного состава новых материалов (т.е. когда образцы сравнения, и даже способы их изготовления отсутствуют в принципе). Минимальная для определения матричных элементов масса пробы составляет около 1 мг, что позволяет проводить анализ не только массивных образцов стекол, но и изготавливаемых из них волокон, а также дорогостоящих мат, One of the most important stages of the high-purity chalcogenide glasses’ analytical control is the determination of matrix elements’ content with the uncertainty at the levels of 0.1–0.2 mol.%. The content of the macro-components may differ from the composition of the initial charge; therefore, an important task is the macro-composition determination of the final materials. This article describes the development of the technique for determining the matrix elements of high-purity Ge-Se-Te glasses in the range of germanium content from 10 to 35 mol. %, selenium and tellurium content from 20 to 50 mol. % with the expanded uncertainty within 0.01–0.2 mol. % (P = 0.95) using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). A simple technique for the preparation of primary calibration solutions from pure elementary Ge, Se and Te is proposed. The correctness of the analysis results is confirmed by comparing the calculated matrix composition of model glass samples, prepared by direct synthesis from high-purity simple substances in the sealed quartz glass ampoule, with the analysis results. The main advantage of the proposed analysis technique is the absence of the need for the reference samples identical to the analyzed material, which is especially important for determination of new materials’ matrix composition. The minimum sample mass for the determination of matrix elements is about 1 mg, which makes it possible to analyze not only bulk glass samples, but also fibers and expensive materials.

Статья посвящена формированию различных УУД на уроках. Авторами предложены способы формирования универсальных учебных действий.

Статья посвящена формированию различных УУД на уроках. Авторами предложены способы формирования универсальных учебных действий.

В статье рассматривается вопрос организации проектно-исследовательской деятельности учащихся в школе. Определено позитивное влияние исследовательской деятельности на раскрытие индивидуальных особенностей и способностей детей.

Plasma processing, e.g., functionalisation and deposition of antibacterial coatings, is often used to enhance surface properties of biomaterials. Plasma is, however, a non-uniform active medium, and the result of processing depends on the nature of both the plasma and the substratum. Here we show that when an antibacterial coating (i.e., polyterpenol) is plasma polymerised onto four types of titanium substrata that differ in their micro- and nano-scale topography (but not the bulk chemistry), the distribution of functional groups, e.g., –OH and –C[dbnd]O, in the polymer across the surface differs sufficiently, and so does the antibacterial activity of the resulting material system. While the addition of a coating hinders biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the bactericidal effect is significantly stronger in polymers deposited onto surfaces possessing lower degrees of nanoscale roughness, e.g., substrata after mechanical and chemical polishing. The reduced antibacterial efficacy of polymers on substrata with greater surface roughness (e.g., on mechanically polished or lotus leaf-like surfaces) is attributed to a greater extent of thickness non-uniformity and heterogeneity in the functional group distribution across the surface. These findings suggest that the magnitude and distribution of topographical features of the substratum should be considered when designing plasma-enabled surface modification strategies.

Cytocompatibility is essential for implant approval. However, initial in vitro screenings mainly include the quantity of adherent immortalized cells and cytotoxicity. Other vital parameters, such as cell migration and an in-depth understanding of the interaction between native tissue cells and implant surfaces, are rarely considered. We investigated different laser-fabricated spike structures using primary and immortalized cell lines of fibroblasts and osteoblasts and included quantification of the cell area, aspect ratio, and focal adhesions. Furthermore, we examined the three-dimensional cell interactions with spike topographies and developed a tailored migration assay for long-term monitoring on opaque materials. While fibroblasts and osteoblasts on small spikes retained their normal morphology, cells on medium and large spikes sank into the structures, affecting the composition of the cytoskeleton and thereby changing cell shape. Up to 14 days, migration appeared stronger on small spikes, probably as a consequence of adequate focal adhesion formation and an intact cytoskeleton, whereas human primary cells revealed differences in comparison to immortalized cell lines. The use of primary cells, analysis of the cell–implant structure interaction as well as cell migration might strengthen the evaluation of cytocompatibility and thereby improve the validity regarding the putative in vivo performance of implant material. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

In this article, we highlight and consider one of the directions for improving the system of training specialists in higher education - the formation of student subjectivity in the educational process of the university. It should be emphasized that this task is interdisciplinary and requires the integration of the efforts of many specialists: teachers, psychologists, sociologists, etc. The author describes the main interactive methods used in teaching practice: the “Workshop of the Future” method, the case-study method, the “Decision tree” method, and the educational discussion. Also in the article, the author revealed the goal of interactive learning, which is to create comfortable learning conditions in which each student can feel his success and intellectual competence, which will allow him to simulate life and professional situations from pedagogical practice, to find a solution to the problem based on an analysis of the circumstances and the corresponding situation; to contribute to the formation of professional skills and abilities, to cultivate humanistic values in him, help to create an atmosphere of interaction and cooperation.

Urban environments are constantly growing, as a result of which natural surface covers are replaced by artificial materials. These changes have a strong impact on the wind fields in these urban environments, changing speeds and directions of wind flows. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of various tree parameters on the behaviour of wind flows in an urban environment. The EnviMet software package is used to model wind fields. The study is conducted in the city of Moscow on the RUDN University campus. Ten different kinds of trees are identified with characteristics such as tree height, crown width, trunk height, and the LAD (Leaf Area Density) index. For these species, a similar analysis is carried out to assess their impact on the wind field. The height of the trunk has a significant effect on the wind field at the pedestrian level; depending on the parameter, the wind speed and the area of wind gusts increase. Large crowns create a protective barrier, reducing wind activity. At the same time, a high LAD index creates low wind permeability, as a result of which the wind flows are refracted, and dangerous zones arise. On the other hand, a high LAD index reduces the area of wind gusts.

Das BMBF-geförderte Projekt Open Access in den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften mit dem Schwerpunkt Monografien (OGeSoMo), angesiedelt an der Universitätsbibliothek (UB) und dem germanistischen Institut der Universität Duisburg-Essen (UDE), unterstützte 2018-2020 die Entwicklung von Open Access (OA) in den sogenannten Buchdisziplinen an der Universitätsallianz Ruhr (UAR). Dank einer Anschubfinanzierung von 75.000 € und beinahe ebenso hoher Eigenbeteiligung der UDE wurde eine große Anzahl von Monografien und Sammelbänden in Open Access überführt bzw. als OA erstpubliziert. Im Folgenden werden einige Eckpunkte und Ergebnisse des Projekts vorgestellt., Peer Reviewed

The MicroBooNE continuous readout stream is a parallel readout of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) which enables detection of non-beam events such as those from a supernova neutrino burst. The low energies of the supernova neutrinos and the intense cosmic-ray background flux due to the near-surface detector location makes triggering on these events very challenging. Instead, MicroBooNE relies on a delayed trigger generated by SNEWS (the Supernova Early Warning System) for detecting supernova neutrinos. The continuous readout of the LArTPC generates large data volumes, and requires the use of real-time compression algorithms (zero suppression and Huffman compression) implemented in an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) in the readout electronics. We present the results of the optimization of the data reduction algorithms, and their operational performance. To demonstrate the capability of the continuous stream to detect low-energy electrons, a sample of Michel electrons from stopping cosmic-ray muons is reconstructed and compared to a similar sample from the lossless triggered readout stream., Comment: 30 pages, 21 figures

The mainstreaming of the additional education for children requires the training of the teaching staff capable of effectively developing the creative urges and gifts of pupils through the free choice of diverse activities. Additional education specialists should not only professionally know and have a good command of their subject, which supports children’s hobbies, but they shall also act as a catalyst for the development of the individual’s motivational potential, professional self-determination and as a long-term result they shall modify the innovative resource of society. Nevertheless, a teacher being a competent specialist in a certain subject domain such as theater and musical performance, aircraft modeling and robotics, powerlifting and football may not have sometimes the required knowledge and skills for the child's personality education and for designing expected educational results.The need for the scientific and methodological support to the professional development of the teaching staff in the additional education system has evoked the decision to elaborate a conceptually new model of training for this category of specialists, thus, having made it the purpose of the study. The novelty of the study was the fact that the said model was based on the personified nature of the choice of the teachers’ educational trajectory. It appeared to be a common multi-level structure combining diverse fields and forms of advanced training and retraining of additional education specialists. In addition to design and modeling methods there were applied in the study the methods of empirical research, interrogation and questioning, data analysis and generalization. The elaborated and implemented model for supporting the professional development of the teaching staff enabled to systematize and structure the training of additional education specialists in the regional domain. The practical relevance of the model for the continuous professional development was determined by its

Статья освещает виртуальные экскурсии, как один из вариантов применения новых информационных технологий в учебном процессе.

Введение. Исследование посвящено изучению концептуальных подходов при построении современных систем эффективного менеджмента высших учебных заведений. Построение таких систем обусловлено трендом на реформирование государственного сектора, к которому преимущественно относится институт высшего образования. Превышение рабочей нагрузки в процессе проведения модернизации высшей школы вызвало значительное психо-эмоциональное напряжение работников разного уровня, что привело к появлению деформаций в их профессиональной деятельности. Материалы и методы. Анализ современных тенденций развития менеджмента показывает, что исходя из теории организационной справедливости успех в построении и реализации систем эффективного менеджмента в высших учебных заведениях определяется социально-психологическим состоянием работников, уровнем профессионализма, исключающем интеллектуальное и эмоциональное выгорание профессорско-преподавательского состава. В исследовании высказана гипотеза, что состояние организационной культуры университетов определяет соответствующий уровень профессионального (интеллектуального и эмоционального) выгорания профессорско-преподавательского состава, так как системный феномен «организационная культура» является синергетическим соединением отношений работников внутри организации в процессе совместной деятельности и их адаптационного потенциала к внешним воздействиям. Предложены диагностические шкалы отдельных характеристик организационной справедливости. Для оценки уровня отклонений, связанных с профессиональным (интеллектуальным и эмоциональным) выгоранием членов университетского сообщества, предложено использовать разность общекультурных векторов, относящихся к существующему настоящему и желаемому состояниям организационной культуры. Диагностика организационной культуры проводилась по методике OСAI К. Камерона и Р. Куинна. Эмпирические материалы получены в результате исследования, проведенного в 2016–2018 гг., в рамках которого было опрошено 386 респондентов из 1, The article studies conceptual approaches to constructing modern systems of higher educational institutions effective management. Constructing such systems is caused by the trend in reforming public sector which higher education institute belongs to. Exceeding workload caused by higher school modernization has invoked a significant psychological and emotional stress of employees at different levels, which has led to certain deformations in their professional activities. Materials and methods. The analysis of modern trends in management development shows that, according to the theory of organizational justice, successful constructing and implementing effective management systems in higher education is determined by the social and psychological state of employees, by their level of professionalism, which excludes intellectual and emotional burnout of the teaching staff. The study hypothesizes that the state of universities’ organizational culture determines the corresponding level of professional (intellectual and emotional) burnout of the teaching staff, as far as the systemic phenomenon of organizational culture is a synergetic combination of employee relationships within the organization in the process of their joint activities and of their adaptive capacity to external influences. There is proposed a diagnostic scale of the individual characteristics of organizational justice. To assess the level of deviations associated with professional (intellectual and emotional) burnout of members of the university community, the article suggests using the difference of general cultural vectors related to the existing present and to the desired states of organizational culture. Diagnostics of organizational culture was made on K. Cameron and R. Quinn’s OСAI procedure. The empirical materials have been obtained within the framework of the investigation conducted in 2016–2018 among 386 respondents from 18 universities representing 12 regions of the Russian Federation. To compar

The article is devoted to the demonstration of the experience of implementation of the project of the student laboratory of 3D‑modeling and digital museum technologies as part of the educational process. The article describes the tasks, key stages of work and expected results. The given project is directed on participation of students in the decision of socially significant problems, creation of accessible space of a museum. Student work on 3D‑modelling of the museum’s exhibits has a great potential for the implementation of inclusive activities. Currently, the bachelor of arts programs are not engaged in training personnel in the field of 3D‑modelling, although the importance of digitalization of historical and cultural heritage is undoubted and is associated with the need to expand access to heritage through online representation and subsequent use in science, education and other areas., Статья посвящена демонстрации опыта реализации проекта студенческой лаборатории 3D‑моделирования и цифровых музейных технологий как части образовательного процесса. В статье описаны задачи, ключевые этапы работы и ожидаемые результаты. Данный проект направлен на участие студентов в решении социально значимых задач, создание доступного пространства музея. Студенческая работа по 3D‑моделированию экспонатов музея истории имеет большой потенциал для реализации инклюзивных мероприятий. В настоящее время программы для бакалавриата гуманитарных специальностей не занимаются подготовкой кадров в области 3D‑моделирования, хотя важность дигитализации исторического и культурного наследия несомненна и связана с необходимостью расширения доступа к наследию через онлайн-представление и последующим использованием в науке, образовании и других областях.

Introduction. The authors tackle the topical problem of assessing the conflict level between subidentical groups: “management academics” (professors and lectures staff) and “academic managers” (administrative managing staff). The aim of the paper is to construct a new method of quantitative assessment of the conflict level between professional groups generated by the organizational culture; to study the dynamics of the change in the conflict level between professional and age-based cohorts existing in Russian universities. Materials and Methods. In this study, the conflict level is defined as a difference of common cultural vectors found for each of target age-groups, demonstrating generations' behavioral features and their professional competence, set up as the result of analysis of expert assessments with the help of organizational culture methods developed by the Organizational Cultural Assessment Instrument of K. Сameron and R. Quinn. Empirical data are taken from sociological research involving 384 respondents from 18 universities representing 12 regions of the Russian Federation. Results. It is shown that activity of the considered target bunches is under significant influence of hierarchical (bureaucratic) organizational culture. This objective circumstance of proceeding transformation processes forms the basis for fragmentation of existing academic identity into those intra-university bunches which are combined both in terms of valuable patterns of generations and patterns formed under the influence of social and economic conditions. Interference of various age-grade valuable patterns under permanent current transformation invokes escalation of strife, its minimum level is reached in identical age-grades of professors and lectures staff (“management academics”) and administrative managing staff (“academic managers”). A certain influence on the level of conflicts between the target groups under consideration is produced by the degree of goals adequacy and obj