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Although its geology is dominated by pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks, Sweden’s palaeobotanical research output is substantial. Over 150 years of dedicated research has yielded several hundred papers on Sweden’s palaeobotanical and palynological heritage spanning much of the geological column. Studies have targeted all categories of plant and protist remains from Proterozoic microfossils to Quaternary woods, and marine microplankton to animal-plant interactions, and fossil microbes of the deep biosphere. Sweden is particularly renowned for its research on Proterozoic–Cambrian carbonaceous microfossils, Triassic-Jurassic floras, Santonian–Campanian (Late Cretaceous) charcoalified, mummified, adpression and permineralized angiosperms and gymnosperms, and Quaternary high-latitude spore-pollen records. Although a vast body of work has been carried out on these floras, there is great potential for further work on all these assemblages with regard to fossil plant systematics, biostratigraphy, biogeography, plant-animal-fungal interactions, and palaeoclimate/palaeoenvironmental research.

The Palaeobotany Department of the Swedish Museum of Natural History was established in the late 1800s and has supported research on a diverse range of plants of all ages. The Department hosts, manages, and regularly contributes additional material to, one of the largest fossil plant collections in Europe. The fossil collections have provided the basis for several thousand scientific publications by staff and visiting scientists over the course of its history. In addition to the work of its staff, the department has hosted many hundreds of visiting scientists over the past 140 years. It will continue to provide an invaluable resource for research on the evolution of plant and fungal life on Earth for long into the future. Now under the management of just its sixth administrative Head since 1884, the department is forging new pathways in palaeobotanical research utilizing cutting-edge technologies to provide advances in plant systematics, phylogeny, biogeography, biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironmental analysis, plant-animal interactions, and fossil fungal/microbial studies. The department is aware of multiple risks facing the survival of palaeontological collections in the 21st century and has put in place strategies to maintain access to and relevancy of the collections for future generations., Additional funding from the 11th EPPC Organizing Committee

The Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska riksmuseet: NRM), under the authority of the Swedish Ministry of Culture, is the largest museum in Sweden in terms of research and collections. Although officially founded in 1819 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, some collections held at the museum date back to donations received by the academy following its foundation in 1739. The museum includes six research departments (Palaeobiology, Zoology, Botany, Geology, Bioinformatics, and Environmental Science) along with separate divisions for exhibitions and education. Palaeobotanical research is currently carried out within the Department of Palaeobiology (PAL). The department’s homepage can be found at: https://www.nrm.se/ en/forskningochsamlingar/paleobiologi.9000584.html. The department hosts about two million palaeontological specimens; around 400,000 of these are fossil plants, algae and fungi—making this one of the world’s largest palaeobotanical resources. The department currently hosts 24 palaeontologists, of which seven are full-time permanent employees (Vajda & Skovsted, 2021). The remainder are emeriti, students, postdoctoral researchers and additional researchers funded through scholarships, fellowships and other grants.

The Palaeobotany Department of the Swedish Museum of Natural History was established in the late 1800s and has supported research on a diverse range of plants of all ages. The Department hosts, manages, and regularly contributes additional material to, one of the largest fossil plant collections in Europe. The fossil collections have provided the basis for several thousand scientific publications by staff and visiting scientists over the course of its history. In addition to the work of its staff, the department has hosted many hundreds of visiting scientists over the past 140 years. It will continue to provide an invaluable resource for research on the evolution of plant and fungal life on Earth for long into the future. Now under the management of just its sixth administrative Head since 1884, the department is forging new pathways in palaeobotanical research utilizing cutting-edge technologies to provide advances in plant systematics, phylogeny, biogeography, biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironmental analysis, plant-animal interactions, and fossil fungal/microbial studies. The department is aware of multiple risks facing the survival of palaeontological collections in the 21st century and has put in place strategies to maintain access to and relevancy of the collections for future generations., Additional funding from the 11th EPPC Organizing Committee

The Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska riksmuseet: NRM), under the authority of the Swedish Ministry of Culture, is the largest museum in Sweden in terms of research and collections. Although officially founded in 1819 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, some collections held at the museum date back to donations received by the academy following its foundation in 1739. The museum includes six research departments (Palaeobiology, Zoology, Botany, Geology, Bioinformatics, and Environmental Science) along with separate divisions for exhibitions and education. Palaeobotanical research is currently carried out within the Department of Palaeobiology (PAL). The department’s homepage can be found at: https://www.nrm.se/ en/forskningochsamlingar/paleobiologi.9000584.html. The department hosts about two million palaeontological specimens; around 400,000 of these are fossil plants, algae and fungi—making this one of the world’s largest palaeobotanical resources. The department currently hosts 24 palaeontologists, of which seven are full-time permanent employees (Vajda & Skovsted, 2021). The remainder are emeriti, students, postdoctoral researchers and additional researchers funded through scholarships, fellowships and other grants.

Although its geology is dominated by pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks, Sweden’s palaeobotanical research output is substantial. Over 150 years of dedicated research has yielded several hundred papers on Sweden’s palaeobotanical and palynological heritage spanning much of the geological column. Studies have targeted all categories of plant and protist remains from Proterozoic microfossils to Quaternary woods, and marine microplankton to animal-plant interactions, and fossil microbes of the deep biosphere. Sweden is particularly renowned for its research on Proterozoic–Cambrian carbonaceous microfossils, Triassic-Jurassic floras, Santonian–Campanian (Late Cretaceous) charcoalified, mummified, adpression and permineralized angiosperms and gymnosperms, and Quaternary high-latitude spore-pollen records. Although a vast body of work has been carried out on these floras, there is great potential for further work on all these assemblages with regard to fossil plant systematics, biostratigraphy, biogeography, plant-animal-fungal interactions, and palaeoclimate/palaeoenvironmental research.

To improve future predictions of anthropogenic climate change, a better understanding of the relationship between global temperature and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (pCO(2)), or climate sensitivity, is urgently required. Analyzing proxy data from climate change episodes in the past is necessary to achieve this goal, with certain geologic periods, such as the Miocene climatic optimum (MCO), a transient period of global warming with global temperatures up to similar to 7 degrees C higher than today, increasingly viewed as good analogues to future climate under present emission scenarios. However, a problem remains that climate models cannot reproduce MCO temperatures with less than similar to 800 ppm pCO(2), while most previously published proxies record pCO(2) < 450 ppm. Here, we reconstructed MCO pCO(2) with a multitaxon fossil leaf database from the well-dated MCO Lagerstatte deposits of Clarkia, Idaho, USA, using four current methods of pCO(2) reconstructions. The methods are principally based on either stomatal densities, carbon isotopes, or a combination of both-thus offering independent results. The total of six reconstructions mostly record pCO(2) of similar to 450-550 ppm. Although slightly higher than previously reconstructed pCO(2), the discrepancy with the similar to 800 ppm required by climate models remains. We conclude that climate sensitivity was heightened during MCO, indicating that highly elevated temperatures can occur at relatively moderate pCO(2). Ever higher climate sensitivity with rising temperatures should be very seriously considered in future predictions of climate change.

Cretaceous fossil inclusions were recently discovered in silica-rich nodules from the diachronic alteritic deposits of the Moragne hill, Charente-Maritime, western France. Nodules contain marine organisms such as sponge spicules, putative algae, echinoids (Periaster undulatus Agassiz and Desor) and rudists (Sphaerulites foliaceus Lamarck; hippuritids and radiolitids). These inclusions co-occur with fragmented pinnae of ferns as well as diverse structures of conifers including leafy axes (Geinitzia sp.; Glenrosa carentonensis Moreau, Neraudeau, Tafforeau and Depre) and isolated ovulate scales or subtending bracts of cones. The palaeontological assemblage shows that the alterites from Moragne are condensed deposits resulting from the alteration of the Cenomanian to Turonian-Senonian regional series. Conifer leafy axes display diverse kinds of preservation: permineralization in silica, empty external casts of the gross morphology, and casts filled by ferruginous siltstone. Propagation phase-contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography revealed exceptional preservation of some leafy axes up to the cell level. We support a multi-phase silicification including at least: (1) a precocious phase occurring during the sedimentation of the Upper Cretaceous deposits or during the earliest diagenesis, and that could be linked with the abundance of sponge spicules; then (2) a late phase occurring during Eocene-Oligocene period that corresponds to a hard climate event with strong and long paedogenitic alteration associated with an important phase of silicification ( nodulation). The alterites from Moragne are an uncommon example of long-term time-averaged deposits caused by compaction and selective dissolution of matrix in the context of a late continental weathering.

Cretaceous fossil inclusions were recently discovered in silica-rich nodules from the diachronic alteritic deposits of the Moragne hill, Charente-Maritime, western France. Nodules contain marine organisms such as sponge spicules, putative algae, echinoids (Periaster undulatus Agassiz and Desor) and rudists (Sphaerulites foliaceus Lamarck; hippuritids and radiolitids). These inclusions co-occur with fragmented pinnae of ferns as well as diverse structures of conifers including leafy axes (Geinitzia sp.; Glenrosa carentonensis Moreau, Neraudeau, Tafforeau and Depre) and isolated ovulate scales or subtending bracts of cones. The palaeontological assemblage shows that the alterites from Moragne are condensed deposits resulting from the alteration of the Cenomanian to Turonian-Senonian regional series. Conifer leafy axes display diverse kinds of preservation: permineralization in silica, empty external casts of the gross morphology, and casts filled by ferruginous siltstone. Propagation phase-contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography revealed exceptional preservation of some leafy axes up to the cell level. We support a multi-phase silicification including at least: (1) a precocious phase occurring during the sedimentation of the Upper Cretaceous deposits or during the earliest diagenesis, and that could be linked with the abundance of sponge spicules; then (2) a late phase occurring during Eocene-Oligocene period that corresponds to a hard climate event with strong and long paedogenitic alteration associated with an important phase of silicification ( nodulation). The alterites from Moragne are an uncommon example of long-term time-averaged deposits caused by compaction and selective dissolution of matrix in the context of a late continental weathering.

Cretaceous fossil inclusions were recently discovered in silica-rich nodules from the diachronic alteritic deposits of the Moragne hill, Charente-Maritime, western France. Nodules contain marine organisms such as sponge spicules, putative algae, echinoids (Periaster undulatus Agassiz and Desor) and rudists (Sphaerulites foliaceus Lamarck; hippuritids and radiolitids). These inclusions co-occur with fragmented pinnae of ferns as well as diverse structures of conifers including leafy axes (Geinitzia sp.; Glenrosa carentonensis Moreau, Neraudeau, Tafforeau and Depre) and isolated ovulate scales or subtending bracts of cones. The palaeontological assemblage shows that the alterites from Moragne are condensed deposits resulting from the alteration of the Cenomanian to Turonian-Senonian regional series. Conifer leafy axes display diverse kinds of preservation: permineralization in silica, empty external casts of the gross morphology, and casts filled by ferruginous siltstone. Propagation phase-contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography revealed exceptional preservation of some leafy axes up to the cell level. We support a multi-phase silicification including at least: (1) a precocious phase occurring during the sedimentation of the Upper Cretaceous deposits or during the earliest diagenesis, and that could be linked with the abundance of sponge spicules; then (2) a late phase occurring during Eocene-Oligocene period that corresponds to a hard climate event with strong and long paedogenitic alteration associated with an important phase of silicification ( nodulation). The alterites from Moragne are an uncommon example of long-term time-averaged deposits caused by compaction and selective dissolution of matrix in the context of a late continental weathering.

Several highly effective fire-adaptive traits first evolved among modern plants duringthe mid-Cretaceous, in response to the widespread wildfires promoted by anomalously highatmospheric oxygen (O2) and extreme temperatures. Serotiny, or long-term canopy seedstorage, is a fire-adaptive strategy common among plants living in fire-prone areas today,but evidence of this strategy has been lacking from the fossil record. Deposits of abundantfossil charcoal from sedimentary successions of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand, recordwildfires in the south polar regions (75°–80°S) during the mid-Cretaceous (ca. 99–90 Ma).Newly discovered fossil conifer reproductive structures were consistently associated withthese charcoal-rich deposits. The morphology and internal anatomy as revealed by neutrontomography exhibit a range of serotiny-associated characters. Numerous related fossils fromsimilar, contemporaneous deposits of the Northern Hemisphere suggest that serotiny was akey adaptive strategy during the high-fire world of the Cretaceous., Research was supported by the National Geographic Society (9761–15) and Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (P5524); additional financial support was from the Paleontological Society and Monash University

Several highly effective fire-adaptive traits first evolved among modern plants duringthe mid-Cretaceous, in response to the widespread wildfires promoted by anomalously highatmospheric oxygen (O2) and extreme temperatures. Serotiny, or long-term canopy seedstorage, is a fire-adaptive strategy common among plants living in fire-prone areas today,but evidence of this strategy has been lacking from the fossil record. Deposits of abundantfossil charcoal from sedimentary successions of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand, recordwildfires in the south polar regions (75°–80°S) during the mid-Cretaceous (ca. 99–90 Ma).Newly discovered fossil conifer reproductive structures were consistently associated withthese charcoal-rich deposits. The morphology and internal anatomy as revealed by neutrontomography exhibit a range of serotiny-associated characters. Numerous related fossils fromsimilar, contemporaneous deposits of the Northern Hemisphere suggest that serotiny was akey adaptive strategy during the high-fire world of the Cretaceous., Research was supported by the National Geographic Society (9761–15) and Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (P5524); additional financial support was from the Paleontological Society and Monash University

We propose modifications to the Code such that use of a hyphen in the name of a fossil-genus is treated as an error to be corrected by deletion of the hyphen. This will circumvent the need to conserve the numerous de-hyphenated names against unused hyphenated forms. We propose changes to Art. 60 of the Code to allow this correction, and the addition of a phrase in Art. 20 to add clarity to the naming of fossil-genera., Exceptional permineralized biotas - windows into the evolution and functional diversity of terrestrial ecosystems through time

The subject of this study is the palynology (biostratigraphic and taxonomic) and the plant remains of the lignite strip mines of Eskihisar, Salihpasalar, and Tinaz (Muğla province, western Turkey). In the Yatağan basin two Miocene to Pliocene formations are present, the Eskihisar Formation (early to middle Miocene) and the Yatağan Formation (late Miocene to early Pliocene). Both formations represent river and lake deposits consisting mainly of conglomerate, sandstone, claystone, limestone, tuffite, and intercalated lignite; the thickest, actively mined lignite seams occur in the Sekköy member of the Eskihisar Formation. Previous palynological studies of the palynoflora of the Yatağan basin mainly focussed on its biostratigraphic and palaeoclimatic significance, using conventional morphological nomenclature and light microscopy (LM). In this study the „single grain method“ is applied. Using this method, the same individual pollen grains are investigated by using both LM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting high-resolution pictographs enable a much higher taxonomic resolution. The studied palynoflora is very rich and taxonomically diverse. Cryptogams are represented by more than ten spore morphotypes of at least three families (Osmundaceae, Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae). Gymnosperm pollen is dominated by Cupressaceae, Gnetales (Ephedra), and Pinaceae (Cathaya, Keteleeria, Pinus). Angiosperm pollen can be assigned to 57 different genera belonging to Poaceae, Typhaceae, Altingiaceae, Amaranthaceae (Chenopodieae), Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae (three types), Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichoriodeae), Betulaceae (Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Ostrya) Buxaceae, Campanulaceae, Caprifoliaceae (Lonicera), Caryophyllaceae, Dipsacaceae, Eucommiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae (Fagus, Quercus, Trigonobalanopsis) Geraniaceae, Juglandaceae, Linnaceae (Linnum), Malvaceae, Myricaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae (four different types), Plumbaginaceae (Armeria,), Polygonaceae (

We propose modifications to the Code such that use of a hyphen in the name of a fossil-genus is treated as an error to be corrected by deletion of the hyphen. This will circumvent the need to conserve the numerous de-hyphenated names against unused hyphenated forms. We propose changes to Art. 60 of the Code to allow this correction, and the addition of a phrase in Art. 20 to add clarity to the naming of fossil-genera., Exceptional permineralized biotas - windows into the evolution and functional diversity of terrestrial ecosystems through time

The subject of this study is the palynology (biostratigraphic and taxonomic) and the plant remains of the lignite strip mines of Eskihisar, Salihpasalar, and Tinaz (Muğla province, western Turkey). In the Yatağan basin two Miocene to Pliocene formations are present, the Eskihisar Formation (early to middle Miocene) and the Yatağan Formation (late Miocene to early Pliocene). Both formations represent river and lake deposits consisting mainly of conglomerate, sandstone, claystone, limestone, tuffite, and intercalated lignite; the thickest, actively mined lignite seams occur in the Sekköy member of the Eskihisar Formation. Previous palynological studies of the palynoflora of the Yatağan basin mainly focussed on its biostratigraphic and palaeoclimatic significance, using conventional morphological nomenclature and light microscopy (LM). In this study the „single grain method“ is applied. Using this method, the same individual pollen grains are investigated by using both LM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting high-resolution pictographs enable a much higher taxonomic resolution. The studied palynoflora is very rich and taxonomically diverse. Cryptogams are represented by more than ten spore morphotypes of at least three families (Osmundaceae, Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae). Gymnosperm pollen is dominated by Cupressaceae, Gnetales (Ephedra), and Pinaceae (Cathaya, Keteleeria, Pinus). Angiosperm pollen can be assigned to 57 different genera belonging to Poaceae, Typhaceae, Altingiaceae, Amaranthaceae (Chenopodieae), Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae (three types), Asteraceae (Asteroideae, Cichoriodeae), Betulaceae (Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Ostrya) Buxaceae, Campanulaceae, Caprifoliaceae (Lonicera), Caryophyllaceae, Dipsacaceae, Eucommiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae (Fagus, Quercus, Trigonobalanopsis) Geraniaceae, Juglandaceae, Linnaceae (Linnum), Malvaceae, Myricaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae (four different types), Plumbaginaceae (Armeria,), Polygonaceae (

Previous studies suggest that tropical and paratropical forests dominated by angiosperms had an important distribution throughout North America during the Early Cenozoic (Paleocene-Eocene). Recent research indicates that warm and wet forests were present in northern Mexico and south-central of U.S. during the Late Cretaceous (ca. 73 Ma). In Coahuila, the floras from the Cerro del Pueblo and Olmos formations represent vegetation types with tropical and paratropical affinities. In this paper we briefly review of the floristic composition and physiognomy of leaf and wood, and paleoecological interpretation of the floras from the Western interior of North America and northern Mexico. In addition, we analyzed floristic similarity patterns based on wood morphogenera. We show that floristic similarity patterns among paleofloras observe some geographic structure. There are, however, some morphogenera widely distributed across the region and other endemic to particular floras, which might suggest some degree of floristic differentiation. The validity of the patterns presented here is however preliminary and contingent to further identification of the fossil from these formations., Estudios previos sugieren que las selvas tropicales y paratropicales dominadas por angiospermas tuvieron una distribución importante en América del Norte durante el Cenozoico temprano (Paleoceno-Eoceno). Investigaciones recientes indican que floras bajo condiciones megatermales podrían haber estado presentes en el norte de México y centro-sur de Estados Unidos de América desde el Cretácico Superior (ca. 73 Ma). En Coahuila, en los sedimentos de las formaciones Cerro del Pueblo y Olmos, se han documentado diversas floras que, por su contenido fosilífero y su ubicación paleo-geográfica, sugieren la presencia de selvas tropicales y paratropicales. Aquí hacemos un breve recuento de la composición florística, características fisonómicas de las plantas, así como de las interpretaciones paleoclimáticas o paleoambientales de las paleofloras del norte de México y centro-sur de EU. También analizamos la similitud florística de estas formaciones basados en morfogéneros de la madera. Nuestros resultados muestran que la similitud florística entre formaciones tiene cierta congruencia geográfica. Sin embargo, existen elementos con amplia distribución y otras plantas endémicas en localidades particulares, lo cual sugiere cierta diferenciación en su composición. La válidez de este patrón es, sin embargo, preliminar debido a la ausencia de un entendimiento profundo de la composición florística de estas comunidades hasta el momento.

Lower Cretaceous plant fossils are described systematically from marine deposits near Villa de Leiva (Boyaca region, Colombia). Specimens originating from the same localities kept at the Florida Museum of Natural History (Gainesville) were included in the systematic description. The plant fossils belong to the Pteridophyta, the Cycadophyta, the Coniferophyta, and to taxa of uncertain affinity which, following previous authors, are referred to the angiosperms. Two new species of Coniferophyta are described, viz. Cupressinocladus hoedemaekeri sp. nov. and Brachyphyllum winklerprinsii sp. nov. Also, Thuites sutamarchensis Huertas is transferred to the genus Cupressinocladus. Fossil plants, Lower Cretaceous, Leiva Region, Colombia.

The type specimens of Maastrichtian invertebrate fossils from Limburg, The Netherlands, present in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, are listed. The Upper Cretaceous plant type specimens from Limburg of Miquel that were once part of the Staring collection present in the Palaeobotanical Museum of the Utrecht University are also included. Specimens of species described by Bosquet are also listed, since they possibly include type material. Short biographies of some of the important collectors and investigators are presented.

Lower Cretaceous plant fossils are described systematically from marine deposits near Villa de Leiva (Boyaca region, Colombia). Specimens originating from the same localities kept at the Florida Museum of Natural History (Gainesville) were included in the systematic description. The plant fossils belong to the Pteridophyta, the Cycadophyta, the Coniferophyta, and to taxa of uncertain affinity which, following previous authors, are referred to the angiosperms. Two new species of Coniferophyta are described, viz. Cupressinocladus hoedemaekeri sp. nov. and Brachyphyllum winklerprinsii sp. nov. Also, Thuites sutamarchensis Huertas is transferred to the genus Cupressinocladus. Fossil plants, Lower Cretaceous, Leiva Region, Colombia.

The type specimens of Maastrichtian invertebrate fossils from Limburg, The Netherlands, present in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, are listed. The Upper Cretaceous plant type specimens from Limburg of Miquel that were once part of the Staring collection present in the Palaeobotanical Museum of the Utrecht University are also included. Specimens of species described by Bosquet are also listed, since they possibly include type material. Short biographies of some of the important collectors and investigators are presented.

[ES] Se describe y discute un endocarpo fósil perteneciente al género Acer, encontrado en el Cretácico superior del embalse de Pedrezuela (Madrid). Este fruto muestra una marcada semejanza con los endocarpos de la especie actual Acer buergerianum Miquel. Se propone una nueva denominación, con valor taxonómico, para la planta: Acer palaeobuergerianum n. fsp. El prefijo palaeo sugiere su edad y la denominación -buergerianum su semejanza morfológica con la especie actual., [EN] In this paper is described and discussed an endocarp of Acer genus that exhibits a morphology like the living species A. buergerianum Miquel. The fruit was met in the upper part of Cretaceous series from the Pedrezuela barrier of Madrid Community. We propose a new denomination for the plant that contains this endocarp: Acer palaeobuergerianum n. fsp. This name has only taxonomic value. The prefix is give in order to the age and -buergerianum by its similarity with the actual species.