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1. Analysis of the Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic to measure the rotational transform and current profile in the Large Helical Device

Author

Sanders, Mike, Ida, Katsumi, Yoshinuma, M., Suzuki, C., Yoshimura, Y., Seki, Ryosuke, Emoto, M., Yoshida, M., Kobayashi, T., Sanders, Mike, Ida, Katsumi, Yoshinuma, M., Suzuki, C., Yoshimura, Y., Seki, Ryosuke, Emoto, M., Yoshida, M., and Kobayashi, T.

Abstract

The analysis method of the Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic to measure the rotational transform and current profiles in the Large Helical Device has been improved. This was done by using the Variational Moments Equilibrium Code to calculate an equilibrium database for various pressure profiles and current profiles. This method looks for the radial profile of the rotational transform in the equilibrium database that gives the best fit to the polarization angle profiles measured with the MSE diagnostic. This analysis improves the measurements of rotational transform, especially near the magnetic axis, where the sensitivity of the polarization angle measurements becomes low and the uncertainty due to error in the estimation of the Pfirsch–Schlüter current becomes large. The radial profiles of the rotational transform and current profiles for Electron Cyclotron Current Drive and Neutral Beam Current Drive are obtained in the new analysis method with a sufficiently high accuracy to discuss the discrepancy of the current density profiles between the measurements and the calculations.

Published
2021

2. Overview of transport and MHD stability study: focusing on the impact of magnetic field topology in the Large Helical Device

Author

Ida, K., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., EVANS5, Todd, Yoshinuma, M., Kamiya, K., Ohdachi, S., Osakabe, M., Kobayashi, M., Sudo, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Emoto, M., DINKLAGE, Andreas, Du, X., Fujii, K., Goto, M., GOTO, Takuya, HASUO, Masahiro, Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., JAKUBOWSKI, Marcin, KAWAMURA, Gakushi, Kato, D., Morita, S., Mukai, Kiyofumi, Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., OHNO, Noriyasu, Pablant, N., Sakakibara, S., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., SHOJI, M., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., Collaborators, Ida, K., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., EVANS5, Todd, Yoshinuma, M., Kamiya, K., Ohdachi, S., Osakabe, M., Kobayashi, M., Sudo, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Emoto, M., DINKLAGE, Andreas, Du, X., Fujii, K., Goto, M., GOTO, Takuya, HASUO, Masahiro, Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., JAKUBOWSKI, Marcin, KAWAMURA, Gakushi, Kato, D., Morita, S., Mukai, Kiyofumi, Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., OHNO, Noriyasu, Pablant, N., Sakakibara, S., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., SHOJI, M., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., and Collaborators

Abstract

The progress in the understanding of the physics and the concurrent parameter extension in the large helical device since the last IAEA-FEC, in 2012 (Kaneko O et al 2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 095024), is reviewed. Plasma with high ion and electron temperatures (Ti(0) ~ Te(0) ~ 6 keV) with simultaneous ion and electron internal transport barriers is obtained by controlling recycling and heating deposition. A sign flip of the nondiffusive term of impurity/momentum transport (residual stress and convection flow) is observed, which is associated with the formation of a transport barrier. The impact of the topology of three-dimensional magnetic fields (stochastic magnetic fields and magnetic islands) on heat momentum, particle/impurity transport and magnetohydrodynamic stability is also discussed. In the steady state operation, a 48 min discharge with a line-averaged electron density of 1 × 1019 m−3 and with high electron and ion temperatures (Ti(0) ~ Te(0) ~ 2 keV), resulting in 3.36 GJ of input energy, is achieved., source:K. Ida et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 104018, source:https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/10/104018, identifier:0000-0002-0585-4561

Published
2021

3. Analysis of the Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic to measure the rotational transform and current profile in the Large Helical Device

Author

Sanders, Mike, Ida, Katsumi, Yoshinuma, M., Suzuki, C., Yoshimura, Y., Seki, Ryosuke, Emoto, M., Yoshida, M., Kobayashi, T., Sanders, Mike, Ida, Katsumi, Yoshinuma, M., Suzuki, C., Yoshimura, Y., Seki, Ryosuke, Emoto, M., Yoshida, M., and Kobayashi, T.

Abstract

The analysis method of the Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic to measure the rotational transform and current profiles in the Large Helical Device has been improved. This was done by using the Variational Moments Equilibrium Code to calculate an equilibrium database for various pressure profiles and current profiles. This method looks for the radial profile of the rotational transform in the equilibrium database that gives the best fit to the polarization angle profiles measured with the MSE diagnostic. This analysis improves the measurements of rotational transform, especially near the magnetic axis, where the sensitivity of the polarization angle measurements becomes low and the uncertainty due to error in the estimation of the Pfirsch–Schlüter current becomes large. The radial profiles of the rotational transform and current profiles for Electron Cyclotron Current Drive and Neutral Beam Current Drive are obtained in the new analysis method with a sufficiently high accuracy to discuss the discrepancy of the current density profiles between the measurements and the calculations.

Published
2021

4. The isotope effect on impurities and bulk ion particle transport in the Large Helical Device

Author

Ida, Katsumi, Sakamoto, R., Yoshinuma, Mikirou, Yamazaki, K., Kobayashi, Tatsuya, Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, C., Fuji, K., Chen, J., Masuzaki, S., Emoto, M., Mackenbach, Ralf, Ida, Katsumi, Sakamoto, R., Yoshinuma, Mikirou, Yamazaki, K., Kobayashi, Tatsuya, Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, C., Fuji, K., Chen, J., Masuzaki, S., Emoto, M., and Mackenbach, Ralf

Abstract

The isotope effect on impurities and bulk ion particle transport is investigated by using the deuterium, hydrogen, and isotope mixture plasma in the Large Helical Device (LHD). A clear isotope effect is observed in the impurity transport but not the bulk ion transport. The isotope effects on impurity transport and ion heat transport are observed as a primary and a secondary effect, respectively, in the plasma with an internal transport barrier (ITB). In the LHD, an ion ITB is always transient because the impurity hole triggered by the increase of ion temperature gradient causes the enhancement of ion heat transport and gradually terminates the ion ITB. The formation of an impurity hole becomes slower in the deuterium (D) plasma than the hydrogen (H) plasma. This primary isotope effect on impurity transport contributes the longer sustainment of the ion ITB state because the low ion thermal diffusivity can be sustained as long as the normalized carbon impurity gradient R/L n,c, where L c =-(∇n c/n c) -1 is above the critical value (∼-5). Therefore, the longer sustainment of the ITB state in the deuterium plasma is considered to be a secondary isotope effect due to the mitigation of the impurity hole. The radial profile of H and D ion density is measured using bulk charge exchange spectroscopy inside the isotope mixture plasma. The decay time of H ion density after the H-pellet injection and the decay time of D ion density after D-pellet injection are almost identical, which demonstrates that there is no significant isotope effect on ion particle transport.

Published
2019

5. The isotope effect on impurities and bulk ion particle transport in the Large Helical Device

Author

Ida, Katsumi, Sakamoto, R., Yoshinuma, Mikirou, Yamazaki, K., Kobayashi, Tatsuya, Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, C., Fuji, K., Chen, J., Masuzaki, S., Emoto, M., Mackenbach, Ralf, Ida, Katsumi, Sakamoto, R., Yoshinuma, Mikirou, Yamazaki, K., Kobayashi, Tatsuya, Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, C., Fuji, K., Chen, J., Masuzaki, S., Emoto, M., and Mackenbach, Ralf

Abstract

The isotope effect on impurities and bulk ion particle transport is investigated by using the deuterium, hydrogen, and isotope mixture plasma in the Large Helical Device (LHD). A clear isotope effect is observed in the impurity transport but not the bulk ion transport. The isotope effects on impurity transport and ion heat transport are observed as a primary and a secondary effect, respectively, in the plasma with an internal transport barrier (ITB). In the LHD, an ion ITB is always transient because the impurity hole triggered by the increase of ion temperature gradient causes the enhancement of ion heat transport and gradually terminates the ion ITB. The formation of an impurity hole becomes slower in the deuterium (D) plasma than the hydrogen (H) plasma. This primary isotope effect on impurity transport contributes the longer sustainment of the ion ITB state because the low ion thermal diffusivity can be sustained as long as the normalized carbon impurity gradient R/L n,c, where L c =-(∇n c/n c) -1 is above the critical value (∼-5). Therefore, the longer sustainment of the ITB state in the deuterium plasma is considered to be a secondary isotope effect due to the mitigation of the impurity hole. The radial profile of H and D ion density is measured using bulk charge exchange spectroscopy inside the isotope mixture plasma. The decay time of H ion density after the H-pellet injection and the decay time of D ion density after D-pellet injection are almost identical, which demonstrates that there is no significant isotope effect on ion particle transport.

Published
2019

6. Observation of the bulk ion density peaking in a discharge with an impurity hole in the LHD

Author

Perek, A., Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Goto, M., Nakamura, Y., Emoto, M., Jaspers, R., Perek, A., Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Goto, M., Nakamura, Y., Emoto, M., and Jaspers, R.

Abstract

Radial profiles of bulk ion and impurity ions density are simultaneously measured and quantified using charge exchange spectroscopy and peaking parameter, Cv. The peaking parameter is positive for inward and negative for outward convection in a plasma with an impurity hole in the Large Helical Device. Following the formation of an impurity hole associated with the transition from L-mode to ion ITB plasma, the bulk ion becomes peaked by the inward convection (Cv>0), while impurities (helium and carbon) become hollow due to the outward convection (Cv<0). In contrast to the ion ITB plasma, in the L-mode plasma the impurity profiles are peaked (Cv>0), where the bulk ion density profile remains flat (Cv∼0). Understanding of the impurity behavior in the ion ITB plasma could lead to a self cleaning plasma reactor concept, with an efficient impurity exhaust.

Published
2017

7. Observation of the bulk ion density peaking in a discharge with an impurity hole in the LHD

Author

Perek, A., Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Goto, M., Nakamura, Y., Emoto, M., Jaspers, R., Perek, A., Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Goto, M., Nakamura, Y., Emoto, M., and Jaspers, R.

Abstract

Radial profiles of bulk ion and impurity ions density are simultaneously measured and quantified using charge exchange spectroscopy and peaking parameter, Cv. The peaking parameter is positive for inward and negative for outward convection in a plasma with an impurity hole in the Large Helical Device. Following the formation of an impurity hole associated with the transition from L-mode to ion ITB plasma, the bulk ion becomes peaked by the inward convection (Cv>0), while impurities (helium and carbon) become hollow due to the outward convection (Cv<0). In contrast to the ion ITB plasma, in the L-mode plasma the impurity profiles are peaked (Cv>0), where the bulk ion density profile remains flat (Cv∼0). Understanding of the impurity behavior in the ion ITB plasma could lead to a self cleaning plasma reactor concept, with an efficient impurity exhaust.

Published
2017

8. Flow damping due to stochastization of the magnetic field

Author

Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Tsuchiya, H., Kobayashi, T., Suzuki, C., Yokoyama, M., Shimizu, A., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Goto, M., Goto, T., Hasuo, M., Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., Jakubowski, M., Kamiya, K., Kasahara, H., Kawamura, G., Pablant, N., Kato, D., Kobayashi, M., Morita, S., Mukai, K., Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., Ohdach, S., Ohno, N., Sakakibara, S., Osakabe, M., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Sudo, S., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., Fujita, T., Yamada, H., Takeiri, Y., Mutoh, T., Imagawa, S., Mito, T., Nagayama, Y., Watanabe, K. Y., Ashikawa, N., Chikaraishi, H., Ejiri, A., Hamaguchi, S., Furukawa, M., Igami, H., Isobe, M., Masuzaki, S., Morisaki, T., Motojima, G., Nagasaki, K., Nakano, H., Oya, Y., Yamamoto, T., Suzuki, Y., Sakamoto, R., Sakamoto, M., Sanpei, A., Takahashi, H., Tokitani, M., Ueda, Y., Yoshimura, Y., Yamamoto, S., Nishimura, K., Idei, H., Sugama, H., Isayama, A., Kitajima, S., Masamune, S., Shinohara, K., Bawankar, P. S., Bernard, E., Von Berkel, M., Funaba, H., Nishimura, S., Huang, X. L., Ii, T., Ido, T., Ikeda, K., Kamio, S., Kumazawa, R., Moon, C., Muto, S., Miyazawa, J., Ming, T., Ogawa, K., Nakamura, Y., Ozaki, T., Oishi, T., Ohno, M., Pandya, S., Seki, R., Sano, R., Saito, K., Sakaue, H., Emoto, M., Takemura, Y., Tsumori, K., Tamura, N., Tanaka, H., Toi, K., Wieland, B., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Zhang, H., Kaneko, O., Evans, T., Komori, A., Dinklage, A., Du, X., Fujii, K., Ida, K., Yoshinuma, M., Tsuchiya, H., Kobayashi, T., Suzuki, C., Yokoyama, M., Shimizu, A., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Goto, M., Goto, T., Hasuo, M., Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., Jakubowski, M., Kamiya, K., Kasahara, H., Kawamura, G., Pablant, N., Kato, D., Kobayashi, M., Morita, S., Mukai, K., Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., Ohdach, S., Ohno, N., Sakakibara, S., Osakabe, M., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Sudo, S., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., Fujita, T., Yamada, H., Takeiri, Y., Mutoh, T., Imagawa, S., Mito, T., Nagayama, Y., Watanabe, K. Y., Ashikawa, N., Chikaraishi, H., Ejiri, A., Hamaguchi, S., Furukawa, M., Igami, H., Isobe, M., Masuzaki, S., Morisaki, T., Motojima, G., Nagasaki, K., Nakano, H., Oya, Y., Yamamoto, T., Suzuki, Y., Sakamoto, R., Sakamoto, M., Sanpei, A., Takahashi, H., Tokitani, M., Ueda, Y., Yoshimura, Y., Yamamoto, S., Nishimura, K., Idei, H., Sugama, H., Isayama, A., Kitajima, S., Masamune, S., Shinohara, K., Bawankar, P. S., Bernard, E., Von Berkel, M., Funaba, H., Nishimura, S., Huang, X. L., Ii, T., Ido, T., Ikeda, K., Kamio, S., Kumazawa, R., Moon, C., Muto, S., Miyazawa, J., Ming, T., Ogawa, K., Nakamura, Y., Ozaki, T., Oishi, T., Ohno, M., Pandya, S., Seki, R., Sano, R., Saito, K., Sakaue, H., Emoto, M., Takemura, Y., Tsumori, K., Tamura, N., Tanaka, H., Toi, K., Wieland, B., Yamada, I., Yasuhara, R., Zhang, H., Kaneko, O., Evans, T., Komori, A., Dinklage, A., Du, X., and Fujii, K.

Abstract

The driving and damping mechanism of plasma flow is an important issue because flow shear has a significant impact on turbulence in a plasma, which determines the transport in the magnetized plasma. Here we report clear evidence of the flow damping due to stochastization of the magnetic field. Abrupt damping of the toroidal flow associated with a transition from a nested magnetic flux surface to a stochastic magnetic field is observed when the magnetic shear at the rational surface decreases to 0.5 in the large helical device. This flow damping and resulting profile flattening are much stronger than expected from the Rechester-Rosenbluth model. The toroidal flow shear shows a linear decay, while the ion temperature gradient shows an exponential decay. This observation suggests that the flow damping is due to the change in the non-diffusive term of momentum transport.

Published
2015

9. Extension of operation regimes and investigation of three-dimensional currentless plasmas in the Large Helical Device

Author

Kaneko, Osamu, Yamada, Hiroshi, Inagaki, S, Jakubowski, M, Kajita, S, Kitajima, S, Kobayashi, *no first name provided, Koga, K, Morisaki, Tomohiro, Morita, S, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, Satoru, Suzuki, Y, Takahashi, H, Tanaka, K, Toi, K, Yoshimura, Yasuo, Akiyama, T, Asahi, Y, Ashikawa, N, Chikaraishi, H, Cooper, A, Darrow, D S, Drapiko, E, Drewelow, P, Du, X, Ejiri, A, Emoto, M, Evans, T E, Ezumi, N, Fujii, K, Fukuda, T, Funaba, Hisamichi, Furukawa, M, Gates, D A, Goto, M, Goto, T, Guttenfelder, W, Hamaguchi, S, Hasuo, M, Hino, T, Hirooka, Y, Komori, Akio, Michael, Clive, Ida, K, Ido, T, Masuzaki, S, Miyazawa, Junichu, Narihara, K, Ohyabu, N, Osakabe, M, Peterson, Byron, Sakamoto, R, Sharapov, Sergei, Suzuki, C, Guttenfelder, W., Nagayama, Yoshio, Sugama, H, Takeiri, Y., VYACHESLAVOV, Leonid, Yokoyama, M, Kaneko, Osamu, Yamada, Hiroshi, Inagaki, S, Jakubowski, M, Kajita, S, Kitajima, S, Kobayashi, *no first name provided, Koga, K, Morisaki, Tomohiro, Morita, S, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, Satoru, Suzuki, Y, Takahashi, H, Tanaka, K, Toi, K, Yoshimura, Yasuo, Akiyama, T, Asahi, Y, Ashikawa, N, Chikaraishi, H, Cooper, A, Darrow, D S, Drapiko, E, Drewelow, P, Du, X, Ejiri, A, Emoto, M, Evans, T E, Ezumi, N, Fujii, K, Fukuda, T, Funaba, Hisamichi, Furukawa, M, Gates, D A, Goto, M, Goto, T, Guttenfelder, W, Hamaguchi, S, Hasuo, M, Hino, T, Hirooka, Y, Komori, Akio, Michael, Clive, Ida, K, Ido, T, Masuzaki, S, Miyazawa, Junichu, Narihara, K, Ohyabu, N, Osakabe, M, Peterson, Byron, Sakamoto, R, Sharapov, Sergei, Suzuki, C, Guttenfelder, W., Nagayama, Yoshio, Sugama, H, Takeiri, Y., VYACHESLAVOV, Leonid, and Yokoyama, M

Abstract

The progress of physical understanding as well as parameter improvement of net-current-free helical plasma is reported for the Large Helical Device since the last Fusion Energy Conference in Daejeon in 2010. The second low-energy neutral beam line was ins

Published
2013

10. Overview of LHD plasma diagnostics

Author

KAWAHATA, Kazuo, Peterson, Byron, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, Hisamichi, Hamada, Y, Ida, K, Inagaki, S., Ido, T, Michael, Clive, KAWAHATA, Kazuo, Peterson, Byron, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, Hisamichi, Hamada, Y, Ida, K, Inagaki, S., Ido, T, and Michael, Clive

Abstract

The Large Helical Device (LHD) is the world's largest heliotron-type device with I = 2, m = 10 continuous superconducting helical coils and three pairs of superconducting poloidal coils. The major and minor radii of the plasma are 3.6 to 3.9 and 0.6 to 0.65 m, respectively. A plasma with an elliptic cross section confined in the helical magnetic field rotates poloidally along the magnetic axis and has no axial symmetry. For the installation of various kinds of diagnostic instruments, large-sized ports are equipped. The diameter of the largest horizontal ports is 2410 mm, which enables us to easily access the full plasma cross section with multichannel viewing chords aligned parallel to one another. For the precise measurement of plasma quantities in a three-dimensional helical plasma, an extensive set of diagnostics has been developed with national and international collaborators and is routinely operated in LHD. The diagnostic system now consists of ∼50 measuring instruments and includes many challenging diagnostics that have been developed and operated for the study of LHD plasma confinement. These are classified as profile diagnostics, fluctuation diagnostics, and advanced diagnostics, some of which are selected for introduction in this article. In addition, diagnostics for the divertor and for energetic particles are discussed, along with topics that are somewhat unique to helical devices such as diagnosing three-dimensional phenomena and flux surface mapping. This large number of diagnostics in LHD rely on a data acquisition system that has broken world records for the amount of information accumulated in one shot. Finally, looking to the near future, countermeasures have been taken to protect diagnostics from the neutrons and gamma fluxes anticipated during deuterium-deuterium experiments, such as placing much of the diagnostic instrumentation behind a 2-m-thick concrete biological shield encompassing the LHD test cell.

Published
2010

11. Development of net-current free heliotron plasmas in the Large Helical Device

Author

Komori, A., Yamada, H., Sakakibara, S., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Mutoh, T., Ohyabu, N., Imagawa, S., Ida, K., Nagayama, Y., Shimozuma, T., Watanabe, K. Y., Mito, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagaoka, K., Sakamoto, R., Yoshida, N., Ohdachi, S., Ashikawa, N., Feng, Y., Fukuda, T., Igami, H., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Mitarai, O., Murakami, S., Nakamura, Yuji, Nishiura, M., Hino, T., Masuzaki, S., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Weller, A., Yoshinuma, M., Narushima, Y., Ohno, N., Okamura, T., Tamura, N., Saito, K., Seki, T., Sudo, S., Tanaka, H., Tokuzawa, T., Yanagi, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Akiyama, T., Chikaraishi, H., Chowdhuri, M., Emoto, M., Ezumi, N., Funaba, H., Garcia, L., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ichiguchi, K., Ichimura, M., Idei, H., Ido, T., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Irie, M., Isayama, A., Ishigooka, T., Isobe, M., Ito, T., Itoh, K., Iwamae, A., Hamaguchi, S., Hamajima, T., Kitajima, S., Kado, S., Kato, D., Kato, T., Kobayashi, S., Kondo, K., Masamune, S., Matsumoto, Y., Matsunami, N., Minami, T., Michael, C., Miura, H., Miyazawa, J., Mizuguchi, N., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Motojima, G., Murakami, I., Muto, S., Nagasaki, K., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Nakano, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, A., Nishimura, H., Nishimura, K., Nishimura, S., Nishino, N., Notake, T., Obana, T., Ogawa, K., Oka, Y., Ohishi, T., Okada, H., Okuno, K., Ono, K., Osakabe, M., Osako, T., Ozaki, T., Peterson, B. J., Sakaue, H., Sasao, M., Satake, S., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimizu, A., Shiratani, M., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, C., Suzuki, Y., Takahata, K., Takahashi, H., Takase, Y., Takeiri, Y., Takenaga, H., Toda, S., Todo, Y., Tokitani, M., Tsuchiya, H., Tsumori, K., Urano, H., Veshchev, E., Watanabe, F., Watanabe, T., Watanabe, T. H., Yamada, I., Yamada, S., Yamagishi, O., Yamaguchi, S., Yoshimura, S., Yoshinaga, T., Motojima, O., Komori, A., Yamada, H., Sakakibara, S., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Mutoh, T., Ohyabu, N., Imagawa, S., Ida, K., Nagayama, Y., Shimozuma, T., Watanabe, K. Y., Mito, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagaoka, K., Sakamoto, R., Yoshida, N., Ohdachi, S., Ashikawa, N., Feng, Y., Fukuda, T., Igami, H., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Mitarai, O., Murakami, S., Nakamura, Yuji, Nishiura, M., Hino, T., Masuzaki, S., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Weller, A., Yoshinuma, M., Narushima, Y., Ohno, N., Okamura, T., Tamura, N., Saito, K., Seki, T., Sudo, S., Tanaka, H., Tokuzawa, T., Yanagi, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Akiyama, T., Chikaraishi, H., Chowdhuri, M., Emoto, M., Ezumi, N., Funaba, H., Garcia, L., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ichiguchi, K., Ichimura, M., Idei, H., Ido, T., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Irie, M., Isayama, A., Ishigooka, T., Isobe, M., Ito, T., Itoh, K., Iwamae, A., Hamaguchi, S., Hamajima, T., Kitajima, S., Kado, S., Kato, D., Kato, T., Kobayashi, S., Kondo, K., Masamune, S., Matsumoto, Y., Matsunami, N., Minami, T., Michael, C., Miura, H., Miyazawa, J., Mizuguchi, N., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Motojima, G., Murakami, I., Muto, S., Nagasaki, K., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Nakano, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, A., Nishimura, H., Nishimura, K., Nishimura, S., Nishino, N., Notake, T., Obana, T., Ogawa, K., Oka, Y., Ohishi, T., Okada, H., Okuno, K., Ono, K., Osakabe, M., Osako, T., Ozaki, T., Peterson, B. J., Sakaue, H., Sasao, M., Satake, S., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimizu, A., Shiratani, M., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, C., Suzuki, Y., Takahata, K., Takahashi, H., Takase, Y., Takeiri, Y., Takenaga, H., Toda, S., Todo, Y., Tokitani, M., Tsuchiya, H., Tsumori, K., Urano, H., Veshchev, E., Watanabe, F., Watanabe, T., Watanabe, T. H., Yamada, I., Yamada, S., Yamagishi, O., Yamaguchi, S., Yoshimura, S., Yoshinaga, T., and Motojima, O.

Published
2009

12. Development of net-current free heliotron plasmas in the Large Helical Device

Author

20198245, 20237506, 50169116, Komori, A., Yamada, H., Sakakibara, S., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Mutoh, T., Ohyabu, N., Imagawa, S., Ida, K., Nagayama, Y., Shimozuma, T., Watanabe, K. Y., Mito, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagaoka, K., Sakamoto, R., Yoshida, N., Ohdachi, S., Ashikawa, N., Feng, Y., Fukuda, T., Igami, H., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Mitarai, O., Murakami, S., Nakamura, Yuji, Nishiura, M., Hino, T., Masuzaki, S., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Weller, A., Yoshinuma, M., Narushima, Y., Ohno, N., Okamura, T., Tamura, N., Saito, K., Seki, T., Sudo, S., Tanaka, H., Tokuzawa, T., Yanagi, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Akiyama, T., Chikaraishi, H., Chowdhuri, M., Emoto, M., Ezumi, N., Funaba, H., Garcia, L., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ichiguchi, K., Ichimura, M., Idei, H., Ido, T., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Irie, M., Isayama, A., Ishigooka, T., Isobe, M., Ito, T., Itoh, K., Iwamae, A., Hamaguchi, S., Hamajima, T., Kitajima, S., Kado, S., Kato, D., Kato, T., Kobayashi, S., Kondo, K., Masamune, S., Matsumoto, Y., Matsunami, N., Minami, T., Michael, C., Miura, H., Miyazawa, J., Mizuguchi, N., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Motojima, G., Murakami, I., Muto, S., Nagasaki, K., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Nakano, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, A., Nishimura, H., Nishimura, K., Nishimura, S., Nishino, N., Notake, T., Obana, T., Ogawa, K., Oka, Y., Ohishi, T., Okada, H., Okuno, K., Ono, K., Osakabe, M., Osako, T., Ozaki, T., Peterson, B. J., Sakaue, H., Sasao, M., Satake, S., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimizu, A., Shiratani, M., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, C., Suzuki, Y., Takahata, K., Takahashi, H., Takase, Y., Takeiri, Y., Takenaga, H., Toda, S., Todo, Y., Tokitani, M., Tsuchiya, H., Tsumori, K., Urano, H., Veshchev, E., Watanabe, F., Watanabe, T., Watanabe, T. H., Yamada, I., Yamada, S., Yamagishi, O., Yamaguchi, S., Yoshimura, S., Yoshinaga, T., Motojima, O., 20198245, 20237506, 50169116, Komori, A., Yamada, H., Sakakibara, S., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Mutoh, T., Ohyabu, N., Imagawa, S., Ida, K., Nagayama, Y., Shimozuma, T., Watanabe, K. Y., Mito, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagaoka, K., Sakamoto, R., Yoshida, N., Ohdachi, S., Ashikawa, N., Feng, Y., Fukuda, T., Igami, H., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Mitarai, O., Murakami, S., Nakamura, Yuji, Nishiura, M., Hino, T., Masuzaki, S., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Weller, A., Yoshinuma, M., Narushima, Y., Ohno, N., Okamura, T., Tamura, N., Saito, K., Seki, T., Sudo, S., Tanaka, H., Tokuzawa, T., Yanagi, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Akiyama, T., Chikaraishi, H., Chowdhuri, M., Emoto, M., Ezumi, N., Funaba, H., Garcia, L., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ichiguchi, K., Ichimura, M., Idei, H., Ido, T., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Irie, M., Isayama, A., Ishigooka, T., Isobe, M., Ito, T., Itoh, K., Iwamae, A., Hamaguchi, S., Hamajima, T., Kitajima, S., Kado, S., Kato, D., Kato, T., Kobayashi, S., Kondo, K., Masamune, S., Matsumoto, Y., Matsunami, N., Minami, T., Michael, C., Miura, H., Miyazawa, J., Mizuguchi, N., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Motojima, G., Murakami, I., Muto, S., Nagasaki, K., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Nakano, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, A., Nishimura, H., Nishimura, K., Nishimura, S., Nishino, N., Notake, T., Obana, T., Ogawa, K., Oka, Y., Ohishi, T., Okada, H., Okuno, K., Ono, K., Osakabe, M., Osako, T., Ozaki, T., Peterson, B. J., Sakaue, H., Sasao, M., Satake, S., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimizu, A., Shiratani, M., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, C., Suzuki, Y., Takahata, K., Takahashi, H., Takase, Y., Takeiri, Y., Takenaga, H., Toda, S., Todo, Y., Tokitani, M., Tsuchiya, H., Tsumori, K., Urano, H., Veshchev, E., Watanabe, F., Watanabe, T., Watanabe, T. H., Yamada, I., Yamada, S., Yamagishi, O., Yamaguchi, S., Yoshimura, S., Yoshinaga, T., and Motojima, O.

Published
2009

14. Web interface for plasma analysis codes

Author

40249967, Emoto, M, Murakami, S, Yoshida, M, Funaba, H, Nagayama, Y, 40249967, Emoto, M, Murakami, S, Yoshida, M, Funaba, H, and Nagayama, Y

Published
2008

15. Overview of progress in LHD experiments

Author

Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Sato, M, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, Sasao, M, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Sato, M, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, and Sasao, M

Published
2006

16. Recent progress in large helical device experiments

Author

Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Kawazome, H, Torii, Y, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, Sasao, M, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Kawazome, H, Torii, Y, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, and Sasao, M

Published
2006

17. Recent progress in large helical device experiments

Author

40249967, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Kawazome, H, Torii, Y, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, Sasao, M, 40249967, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Kawazome, H, Torii, Y, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, and Sasao, M

Published
2006

18. Overview of progress in LHD experiments

Author

40249967, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Sato, M, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, Sasao, M, 40249967, Komori, A, Morisaki, T, Mutoh, T, Sakakibara, S, Takeiri, Y, Kumazawa, R, Kubo, S, Ida, K, Morita, S, Narihara, K, Shimozuma, T, Tanaka, K, Watanabe, KY, Yamada, H, Yoshinuma, M, Akiyama, T, Ashikawa, N, Emoto, M, Funaba, H, Goto, M, Ido, T, Ikeda, K, Inagaki, S, Isobe, M, Igami, H, Itoh, K, Kaneko, O, Kawahata, K, Kobuchi, T, Masuzaki, S, Matsuoka, K, Minami, T, Miyazawa, J, Muto, S, Nagayama, Y, Nakamura, Y, Nakanishi, H, Narushima, Y, Nishimura, K, Nishiura, M, Nishizawa, A, Noda, N, Ohdachi, S, Oka, Y, Osakabe, M, Ohyabu, N, Ozaki, T, Peterson, BJ, Sagara, A, Saito, K, Sakamoto, R, Sato, K, Sato, M, Seki, T, Shoji, M, Sudo, S, Tamura, N, Toi, K, Tokuzawa, T, Tsumori, K, Uda, T, Watari, T, Yamada, I, Yokoyama, M, Yoshimura, Y, Motojima, O, Beidler, CD, Fujita, T, Isayama, A, Sakamoto, Y, Takenaga, H, Goncharov, P, Ishii, K, Sakamoto, M, Murakami, S, Notake, T, Takeuchi, N, Okajima, S, and Sasao, M

Published
2006

19. Vascular endothelial growth factor-D is an independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian carcinoma

Author

Yokoyama, Y, Charnock-Jones, DS, Licence, D, Yanaihara, A, Hastings, JM, Holland, CM, Emoto, M, Umemoto, M, Sakamoto, T, Sato, S, Mizunuma, H, Smith, SK, Yokoyama, Y, Charnock-Jones, DS, Licence, D, Yanaihara, A, Hastings, JM, Holland, CM, Emoto, M, Umemoto, M, Sakamoto, T, Sato, S, Mizunuma, H, and Smith, SK

Abstract

We assessed the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D and their receptor VEGFR-3 by immunohistochemistry in 59 epithelial ovarian carcinomas, 11 borderline tumours and 20 benign cystadenomas. VEGF-C and VEGF-D were generally expressed in tumour cells and also in endothelia adjacent to tumour nests which showed a strong staining for them. VEGFR-3 was expressed in lymphatic and vascular endothelial cells adjacent to tumour nests. Immunoreactivity was significantly more frequent as lesions progressed from a benign tumour to advanced carcinoma. A strong correlation was found between VEGF-C and VEGF-D detected in carcinoma and VEGFR-3 detected in neighbouring endothelial cells. Increased expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis. There was a significant correlation between the high levels of VEGF-C and VEGF-D proteins, and poor survival. The presence of VEGF-D was an independent prognostic indicator by multivariate analysis. We conclude that VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 play an important role in lymphatic spread and intraperitoneal tumour development in ovarian carcinoma. Since VEGF-D was found to be an independent predictor of poor outcome, its measurement, together with other prognostic markers may improve prospective identification of patients with a poor prognosis.

Published
2003

20. ICRF Heating and High Energy Particle Production in the Large Helical Device

Author

Mutoh, T., Kumazawa, R., Seki, T., Saito, K., Watari, T., Torii, Y., Takeuchi, N., Yamamoto, T., Osakabe, M., Sasao, M., Murakami, S., Ozaki, T., Saida, T., Zhao, Y. P., Okada, H., Takase, Y., Fukuyama, A., Ashikawa, N., Emoto, M., Funaba, H., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ida, K., Idei, H., Ikeda, K., Inagaki, S., Isobe, M., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Khlopenkov, K., Kobuchi, T., Komori, A., Kostrioukov, A., Kubo, S., Liang, Y., Masuzaki, S., Minami, T., Mito, T., Miyazawa, J., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Muto, S., Nagayama, Y., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Narihara, K., Narushima, Y., Nishimura, K., Noda, N., Notake, T., Ohdachi, S., Ohtake, I., Ohyabu, N., Oka, Y., Peterson, B. J., Sagara, A., Sakakibara, S., Sakamoto, R., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Suzuki, H., Takeiri, Y., Tamura, N., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Tokuzawa, T., Tsumori, K., Watanabe, K. Y., Xu, Y., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Yoshinuma, M., Itoh, K., Ohkubo, K., Satow, T., Sudo, S., Uda, T., Yamazaki, K., Matsuoka, K., Motojima, O., Hamada, Y., Fujiwara, M., Mutoh, T., Kumazawa, R., Seki, T., Saito, K., Watari, T., Torii, Y., Takeuchi, N., Yamamoto, T., Osakabe, M., Sasao, M., Murakami, S., Ozaki, T., Saida, T., Zhao, Y. P., Okada, H., Takase, Y., Fukuyama, A., Ashikawa, N., Emoto, M., Funaba, H., Goncharov, P., Goto, M., Ida, K., Idei, H., Ikeda, K., Inagaki, S., Isobe, M., Kaneko, O., Kawahata, K., Khlopenkov, K., Kobuchi, T., Komori, A., Kostrioukov, A., Kubo, S., Liang, Y., Masuzaki, S., Minami, T., Mito, T., Miyazawa, J., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Muto, S., Nagayama, Y., Nakamura, Y., Nakanishi, H., Narihara, K., Narushima, Y., Nishimura, K., Noda, N., Notake, T., Ohdachi, S., Ohtake, I., Ohyabu, N., Oka, Y., Peterson, B. J., Sagara, A., Sakakibara, S., Sakamoto, R., Sato, K., Sato, M., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Suzuki, H., Takeiri, Y., Tamura, N., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Tokuzawa, T., Tsumori, K., Watanabe, K. Y., Xu, Y., Yamada, H., Yamada, I., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimura, Y., Yoshinuma, M., Itoh, K., Ohkubo, K., Satow, T., Sudo, S., Uda, T., Yamazaki, K., Matsuoka, K., Motojima, O., Hamada, Y., and Fujiwara, M.

Abstract

Significant progress has been made with lon-Cyclotron Range-of-Frequencies (lCRF) heating in the Large Helical Device (LHD). This is mainly due to better confinement of the helically trapped particles, and less accumulation of impurities in the region of the plasma core. During the past two years, ICRF heating power has been increased from 1.35 MW to 2.7 MW. Various wave-mode tests were carried out using minority-ion heating, second-harmonic heating, slow-wave heating, and high-density fast-wave heating at the fundamental cyclotron frequency. This fundamental heating mode extended the plasma-density range of effective ICRF heating to a value of 1 x 10^20 m^-3. This was the first successful result of this geating mode in large fusion devices. Using the minority-ion mode gave the best performance, and the stored energy reached 240 kJ using ICRF alone. This was obtained for the inward-shifted magnetic axis configuration. The improvement associated with the axis shift was common to both bulk plasma and highly accelerated particles. For the minority-ion mode, high-energy ions up to 500 keV were observed by concentrating the heating power near the plasma axis. The confinement properties of high-energy particles were studied for different magnetic axis configurations using the power-modulation technique. It confirmed that the confimement of high-energy particles with the inward-shifted configuration was better than that with the normal configuration. The impurity problem was not serious when the plasma boundary was sufficiently far from the chamber wal1. By reducing the impurity problem, it was possible to sustain the plasma for more than two minutes using ICRF alone.

Published
2002

21. Overview of LHD Experiments

Author

Fujiwara, M., Kawahata, K., Ohyabu, N., Kaneko, O., Komori, A., Yamada, H., Ashikawa, N., Baylor, L. R., Combs, S. K., deVries, P. C., Emoto, M., Masuzaki, S., Minami, T., Miyajima, J., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Murakami, S., Muto, S., Nagayama, Y., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Sagara, A., Nakanishi, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, K., Noda, N., Notake, T., Ohdachi, S., Oka, Y., Okajima, S., Okamoto, M., Osakabe, M., Saito, K., Ozaki, T., Pavlichenko, R. O., Peterson, B. J., Sakakibara, S., Sakamoto, R., Sanuki, H., Sasao, H., Sasao, M., Sato, K., Sato, M., Seki, T., Watanabe, T., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, H., Takechi, M., Takeiri, Y., Tamura, N., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Tokuzawa, T., Wateri, T., Torii, Y., Tsumori, K., Watanabe, K. Y., Yamada, I., Yamaguchi, S., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, M., Yoshida, N., Yoshimura, Y., Zhao, Y. P., Akiyama, R., Kitagawa, S., Haba, K., Iima, M., Kodaira, J., Takita, T., Tsuzuki, T., Yamauchi, K., Yonezu, H., Chikaraishi, H., Hamaguchi, S., Imagawa, S., Kubota, Y., Inoue, N., Iwamoto, A., Mutoh, T., Maekawa, R., Mito, T., Murai, K., Nishimura, A., Takahata, K., Tamura, H., Yamada, S., Ejiri, A., Yanagi, N., Itoh, K., Matsuoka, K., Ohkubo, K., Ohtake, I., Satoh, S., Satow, T., Sudo, S., Tanahashi, S., Yamazaki, K., Fisher, P. W., Hamada, Y., Motojima, O., Funaba, H., Goto, M., Hartmann, D., Ida, K., Idei, H., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Inagaki, S., Isobe, M., Kado, S., Khlopenkov, K., Kobuchi, T., Krasilnikov, A. V., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Leuterer, F., Liang, Y., Lyon, J. F., Fujiwara, M., Kawahata, K., Ohyabu, N., Kaneko, O., Komori, A., Yamada, H., Ashikawa, N., Baylor, L. R., Combs, S. K., deVries, P. C., Emoto, M., Masuzaki, S., Minami, T., Miyajima, J., Morisaki, T., Morita, S., Murakami, S., Muto, S., Nagayama, Y., Nakajima, N., Nakamura, Y., Sagara, A., Nakanishi, H., Narihara, K., Nishimura, K., Noda, N., Notake, T., Ohdachi, S., Oka, Y., Okajima, S., Okamoto, M., Osakabe, M., Saito, K., Ozaki, T., Pavlichenko, R. O., Peterson, B. J., Sakakibara, S., Sakamoto, R., Sanuki, H., Sasao, H., Sasao, M., Sato, K., Sato, M., Seki, T., Watanabe, T., Shimozuma, T., Shoji, M., Sugama, H., Suzuki, H., Takechi, M., Takeiri, Y., Tamura, N., Tanaka, K., Toi, K., Tokuzawa, T., Wateri, T., Torii, Y., Tsumori, K., Watanabe, K. Y., Yamada, I., Yamaguchi, S., Yamamoto, S., Yokoyama, M., Yoshida, N., Yoshimura, Y., Zhao, Y. P., Akiyama, R., Kitagawa, S., Haba, K., Iima, M., Kodaira, J., Takita, T., Tsuzuki, T., Yamauchi, K., Yonezu, H., Chikaraishi, H., Hamaguchi, S., Imagawa, S., Kubota, Y., Inoue, N., Iwamoto, A., Mutoh, T., Maekawa, R., Mito, T., Murai, K., Nishimura, A., Takahata, K., Tamura, H., Yamada, S., Ejiri, A., Yanagi, N., Itoh, K., Matsuoka, K., Ohkubo, K., Ohtake, I., Satoh, S., Satow, T., Sudo, S., Tanahashi, S., Yamazaki, K., Fisher, P. W., Hamada, Y., Motojima, O., Funaba, H., Goto, M., Hartmann, D., Ida, K., Idei, H., Iio, S., Ikeda, K., Inagaki, S., Isobe, M., Kado, S., Khlopenkov, K., Kobuchi, T., Krasilnikov, A. V., Kubo, S., Kumazawa, R., Leuterer, F., Liang, Y., and Lyon, J. F.

Abstract

Experimental studies on the Large Helical Device during the last two years are reviewed. After the start of LHD experiment in 1998, the magnetic field has been gradually raised up to 2.89 T. The heating power has been increased, up to 4.2 MW for NBI, 1.3 MW for ICRF, and 0.9 MW for ECRH, Upgrading the key hardware systems has led to the extension of the plasma parameters to (i) higher T_e [ T_e(0) = 4.4 keV at = 5.3 x 10^18 m^-3 and P_abs = 1.8 MW ], (ii) higher confinement [tau_E = 0.3 s, T_e(0) = 1.1 keV at = 6.5 x 10^19 m^-3 and P_abs = 2.0 MW] and (iii) higher stored energy W_p^dia = 880 kJ. High performance plasmas have been realized in the inward shifted magnetic axis configuration (R=3 .6m) where the helical symmetry is recovered and the particle orbit properties are improved by trade off of MHD stability properties due to the appearance of the magnetic hill. The energy confinement was systematically higher than that predicted by the Intemational Stellerator Scaling 95 up to a factor of I .6 and was comparable with ELMy H-mode confinement capability in tokamaks. This confinement improvement is attributed to the configuration control (the inward shift of magnetic axis) and to the formation of the high edge temperature. The achieved average beta value reached 2.4 % at B=1.3 T, the highest beta value ever obtained in helical devices, and so far no degradation of confinement by MHD phenomenon is observed. The inward shifted configuration has also led to successful ICRF minority ion heating. ICRF power up to 1.3 MW was reliably injected into the plasma without significant impurity contamination and a plasma with a stored energy of 200 kJ was sustained for 5 sec by ICRF alone. As another important result long pulse discharges of more than I minute were successfully achieved separately with NBI heating of 0.5 MW and with ICRF heating of 0.85 MW.

Published
2000

22. Analysis of immunity to infection with Salmonella typhimurium in outbred mice. II. Isolation and immunogenicity of the protective non-O antigenic component from ribosomal vaccine.

Author

Kita, E, Emoto, M, Katsui, N, Nishi, K, Yasui, K, Kashiba, S, Kita, E, Emoto, M, Katsui, N, Nishi, K, Yasui, K, and Kashiba, S

Abstract

The active component in crude ribosomal fraction (CRF) of Salmonella typhimurium, capable of inducing protective antibody, was partially purified by two series of chromatography (Sephadex G-150 and DEAE-Sepharose CL6B) after sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-treated CRF was precipitated with ammonium sulphate. The major active component was eluted by 0.4-0.45 M NaCl from DEAE-Sepharose CL6B, and its molecular weight was 43,000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Immunization with the fraction containing 43,000 component alone did not always confer protection on CF1 mice, but its administration together with either the purified transfer RNA (tRNA) or Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was much more effective against infection with S. typhimurium. Antibody to the fraction containing 43,000 component was not only free in serum but also associated with peritoneal cells. Macrophages that had been exposed to the antibody had enhanced anti-bacterial activity. Western blot analysis showed that 43,000 component did not react to antiserum to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but to antiserum to CRF. The antibody elicited by non-O antigenic component and the cell-mediated resistance stimulated by the adjuvant effect of RNA together confer effective protection on CF1 mice.

Published
1987

23. Analysis of immunity to infection with Salmonella typhimurium in outbred mice. I. Requirement of the antibody to non-O antigen for protection in mice that are not protected by the RNA-rich vaccine.

Author

Kita, E, Nishi, K, Emoto, M, Katsui, N, Yasui, K, Kashiba, S, Kita, E, Nishi, K, Emoto, M, Katsui, N, Yasui, K, and Kashiba, S

Abstract

Two outbred mouse strains, ddY and CF1, were tested for their ability to be protected against infection with Salmonella typhimurium by several types of salmonella vaccines. These strains have the same levels of innate susceptibility to S. typhimurium, and also have the same capacity to develop delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to salmonella antigens. Both the crude ribosomal fraction (CRF) and live-cell vaccines conferred acquired resistance on both strains, characterized by greater responses of T cells to salmonella antigens. Mice of the ddY strain were also protected by the purified transfer RNA (tRNA) vaccine, which was free of O antigens, but CF1 mice were not, despite the presence of T-cell reactivity with salmonella antigens. Neither strain was protected by the phenol-water-extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The tRNA-immunized CF1 mice were protected by transfer of antiserum to CRF, but not by transfer of anti-LPS antibody. This antiserum to CRF, however, did not transfer acquired resistance into non-immune mice of either strain. These observations suggest that CF1 mice may require an antibody to another non-O antigen existing in CRF to develop acquired resistance, and that stimulation of the defence system by tRNA may be essential to the development of acquired resistance in CF1 mice.

Published
1987

24. Cellular aspects of the longer-lasting immunity against mouse typhoid infection afforded by the live-cell and ribosomal vaccines.

Author

Kita, E, Emoto, M, Yasui, K, Katsui, N, Nishi, K, Kashiba, S, Kita, E, Emoto, M, Yasui, K, Katsui, N, Nishi, K, and Kashiba, S

Abstract

In order to compare the potential of salmonella vaccines prepared from Salmonella typhimurium to provide the longer-lasting protection from the aspects of cell-mediated immunity, groups of mice were immunized with optimal doses of the following preparations: live cells, ribosome-rich extract, acetone-killed cells, and heat-killed cells. At various intervals post-immunization, mouse peritoneal macrophages and splenic T cells were tested for biological activities. The capacity of each vaccine to confer mouse protection against a lethal challenge with S. typhimurium correlated with the degree of macrophage activation engendered by each of them in the early stage of immunization. In the late stage of immunization, the level of mouse protection conferred by each vaccine was found to be based on the capacity of T cells to respond to salmonella antigens, which correlated with the degree of adoptive immunity by T cells. The live-cell and ribosomal vaccines were superior to killed-cell vaccines in inducing the cell-mediated protection. Thus, the longer-lasting immunity provided by the live-cell and ribosomal vaccines can be accounted for by the fact that T cells of mice immunized with both vaccines have the persistent reactivity to salmonella antigens.

Published
1986

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