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The research midwives at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, in collaboration with the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), conducted a series of 55 staff and service user interviews for the ASPIRE (Achieving Safe and Personalised maternity care In Response to Epidemics) COVID-19 study. We fully engaged with this opportunity to lead on this valuable qualitative study. We experienced great learning opportunities to develop interview techniques, along with the challenges of using technology in new ways to complete the interviews remotely. As the first UK site to open, we developed our knowledge and skills quickly, and found new ways of working to inform our future work and share with research midwife colleagues. We reflect upon this experience in this article, which is the second in the ASPIRE study series. © 2021, All4Holdings Ltd. All rights reserved.

The research midwives at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, in collaboration with the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), conducted a series of 55 staff and service user interviews for the ASPIRE (Achieving Safe and Personalised maternity care In Response to Epidemics) COVID-19 study. We fully engaged with this opportunity to lead on this valuable qualitative study. We experienced great learning opportunities to develop interview techniques, along with the challenges of using technology in new ways to complete the interviews remotely. As the first UK site to open, we developed our knowledge and skills quickly, and found new ways of working to inform our future work and share with research midwife colleagues. We reflect upon this experience in this article, which is the second in the ASPIRE study series. © 2021, All4Holdings Ltd. All rights reserved.

The research midwives at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, in collaboration with the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), conducted a series of 55 staff and service user interviews for the ASPIRE (Achieving Safe and Personalised maternity care In Response to Epidemics) COVID-19 study. We fully engaged with this opportunity to lead on this valuable qualitative study. We experienced great learning opportunities to develop interview techniques, along with the challenges of using technology in new ways to complete the interviews remotely. As the first UK site to open, we developed our knowledge and skills quickly, and found new ways of working to inform our future work and share with research midwife colleagues. We reflect upon this experience in this article, which is the second in the ASPIRE study series. © 2021, All4Holdings Ltd. All rights reserved.

The research midwives at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, in collaboration with the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), conducted a series of 55 staff and service user interviews for the ASPIRE (Achieving Safe and Personalised maternity care In Response to Epidemics) COVID-19 study. We fully engaged with this opportunity to lead on this valuable qualitative study. We experienced great learning opportunities to develop interview techniques, along with the challenges of using technology in new ways to complete the interviews remotely. As the first UK site to open, we developed our knowledge and skills quickly, and found new ways of working to inform our future work and share with research midwife colleagues. We reflect upon this experience in this article, which is the second in the ASPIRE study series. © 2021, All4Holdings Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objective: To develop a minimum core data set for evaluation of acute limb ischaemia (ALI) revascularisation treatment and outcomes that would enable collaboration among international registries. Methods: A modified Delphi approach was used to achieve consensus among international multidisciplinary vascular specialists and registry members of the International Consortium of Vascular Registries (ICVR). Variables identified in the literature or suggested by the expert panel, and variables, including definitions, currently used in 15 countries in the ICVR, were assessed to define both a minimum core and an optimum data set to register ALI treatment. Clinical relevance and practicability were both assessed, and consensus was defined as ≥ 80% agreement among participants. Results: Of 40 invited experts, 37 completed a preliminary survey and 31 completed the two subsequent Delphi rounds via internet exchange and face to face discussions. In total, 117 different items were generated from the various registry data forms, an extensive review of the literature, and additional suggestions from the experts, for potential inclusion in the data set. Ultimately, 35 items were recommended for inclusion in the minimum core data set, including 23 core items important for all registries, and an additional 12 more specific items for registries capable of capturing more detail. These 35 items supplement previous data elements recommended for registering chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease treatment. Conclusion: A modified Delphi study allowed 37 international vascular registry experts to achieve a consensus recommendation for a minimum core and an optimum data set for registries covering patients who undergo ALI revascularisation. Continued global harmonisation of registry infrastructure and definition of items allows international comparisons and global quality improvement. Furthermore, it can help to define and monitor standards of care and enable international research coll

With fashion brands such as Pringle and designer Iris Van Herpen utilising the technology to create innovative garments, 3D printing in fashion is playing a pivotal role in the reinvention of both material and structural processes (Braddock, Clarke & Harris, 2012). Whilst the technology itself is not new, its use within commercial fashion is more recent, where typically the approach to design is through collaborative partnerships, reaching across other non-fashion disciplines. This project was initiated through the research and development of learning materials for undergraduate Fashion Design and Technology students, who are new to this process. A model was developed with the aim to facilitate students understanding of how the technology can be applied within, across and outside of the boundaries of creative pattern cutting, including experimentation using 3D software. The factors affecting implementation of conceptual knowledge is discussed and applied to the model. The role of 3D printing integrated within creative pattern cutting, design, product development, textile design and product modelling/engineering is explored. The outcome of the research is the proposal of a theoretical model to inform teaching and learning.

With fashion brands such as Pringle and designer Iris Van Herpen utilising the technology to create innovative garments, 3D printing in fashion is playing a pivotal role in the reinvention of both material and structural processes (Braddock, Clarke & Harris, 2012). Whilst the technology itself is not new, its use within commercial fashion is more recent, where typically the approach to design is through collaborative partnerships, reaching across other non-fashion disciplines. This project was initiated through the research and development of learning materials for undergraduate Fashion Design and Technology students, who are new to this process. A model was developed with the aim to facilitate students understanding of how the technology can be applied within, across and outside of the boundaries of creative pattern cutting, including experimentation using 3D software. The factors affecting implementation of conceptual knowledge is discussed and applied to the model. The role of 3D printing integrated within creative pattern cutting, design, product development, textile design and product modelling/engineering is explored. The outcome of the research is the proposal of a theoretical model to inform teaching and learning.

Background: The anatomy of carotid stenosis may influence the outcome of endovascular treatment or carotid endarterectomy. Whether anatomy favors one treatment over the other in terms of safety or efficacy has not been investigated in randomized trials. Methods: In 414 patients with mostly symptomatic carotid stenosis randomized to endovascular treatment (angioplasty or stenting; n=213) or carotid endarterectomy (n=211) in the Carotid and Vertebral Artery Transluminal Angioplasty Study (CAVATAS), the degree and length of stenosis and plaque surface irregularity were assessed on baseline intraarterial angiography. Outcome measures were stroke or death occurring between randomization and 30 days after treatment, and ipsilateral stroke and restenosis =50% during follow-up. Results: Carotid stenosis longer than 0·65 times the common carotid artery diameter was associated with increased risk of peri-procedural stroke or death after both endovascular treatment [odds ratio 2·79 (1·17-6·65), P=0·02] and carotid endarterectomy [2·43 (1·03-5·73), P=0·04], and with increased long-term risk of restenosis in endovascular treatment [hazard ratio 1·68 (1·12-2·53), P=0·01]. The excess in restenosis after endovascular treatment compared with carotid endarterectomy was significantly greater in patients with long stenosis than with short stenosis at baseline (interaction P=0·003). Results remained significant after multivariate adjustment. No associations were found for degree of stenosis and plaque surface. Conclusions: Increasing stenosis length is an independent risk factor for peri-procedural stroke or death in endovascular treatment and carotid endarterectomy, without favoring one treatment over the other. However, the excess restenosis rate after endovascular treatment compared with carotid endarterectomy increases with longer stenosis at baseline. Stenosis length merits further investigation in carotid revascularisation trials. © 2013 The Authors. International Journal of Strok

The seven trans-membrane chemokine receptor CCR-5 is a coreceptor for macrophage tropic HIV-1 strains. CCR-5 responds to a number of chemokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha. We describe the use of MIP-1 alpha in a biotin tyramine-mediated proximity selection to guide the selection of CCR-5-specific phage antibodies from a large phage display human library. Proximity based selections resulted in a population of antibodies recognizing CCR-5 on primary CD4+ lymphocytes, none of which blocked MIP-1 alpha binding to cells. The selected population of phage antibodies were subsequently used as guide molecules for a second phase of selection that was carried out in the absence of MIP-1 alpha. This generated a panel of CCR-5-binding antibodies, of which around 20% inhibited MIP-1 alpha binding to CD4+. The single chain Fvs (scFv) generated by this step-back selection procedure also inhibited MIP-1 alpha-mediated calcium signaling., Journal Article, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The seven trans-membrane chemokine receptor CCR-5 is a coreceptor for macrophage tropic HIV-1 strains. CCR-5 responds to a number of chemokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha. We describe the use of MIP-1 alpha in a biotin tyramine-mediated proximity selection to guide the selection of CCR-5-specific phage antibodies from a large phage display human library. Proximity based selections resulted in a population of antibodies recognizing CCR-5 on primary CD4+ lymphocytes, none of which blocked MIP-1 alpha binding to cells. The selected population of phage antibodies were subsequently used as guide molecules for a second phase of selection that was carried out in the absence of MIP-1 alpha. This generated a panel of CCR-5-binding antibodies, of which around 20% inhibited MIP-1 alpha binding to CD4+. The single chain Fvs (scFv) generated by this step-back selection procedure also inhibited MIP-1 alpha-mediated calcium signaling., Journal Article, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Experiments have been performed with a modulated Bayard-Alpert gauge at a pressure of hydrogen less than 10 to the minus 10 torr. A component of ion current was found which behaved, under modulation, as if it originated in the gas phase, but which was localized to the gauge under study. This component was identified as protons, on the basis of parallel experiments with a mass spectrometer in the same ultra-high vacuum system. This proton current introduces an error into pressure measurement made with the modulated Bayard-Alpert gauge. The error can be reduced by operating the gauge with a relatively high electron current (8 ma). (Author)