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The phylogeny of the genus Cubitermes Wasmann was reconstructed using two mitochondrial genes (COI and COII) and a fragment of the nuclear 28S rDNA, including samples of Apilitermes Holmgren, Crenetermes Silvestri, Megagnathotermes Silvestri and Thoracotermes Wasmann. Based on our analyses, we recovered these genera within a paraphyletic Cubitermes clade. Cubitermes species are distributed between five main clades, highly reflective of their enteric valve armatures (EVAs). Consequently, Cubitermes is here divided into five monophyletic genera based on phylogenetic analyses and EVAs: Cubitermes (sensu stricto), Isognathotermes Sjöstedt, Nitiditermes Emerson, Polyspathotermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n., and Ternicubitermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n. Moreover, the two species of Megagnathotermes included in this study, exhibiting different EVAs, are phylogenetically distant: M. katangensis Sjöstedt belongs in the genus Polyspathotermes, while M. notandus Silvestri remains as a monotypic genus. During the evolution of the Cubitermes complex, sclerotized EVA spatulae appeared twice independently: three or six spatulae in Polyspathotermes (sulcifrons and oblectatus patterns) and two jaw-like spatulae in Nitiditermes (sankurensis pattern), which is absent in some species (oculatus pattern). Zoobank registration: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:576AAFF8-63C6-4962-A8F5-75C9317AEA7B., source:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/syen.12458

The list of known Mantodea in Belize is updated, with notes of 12 new country records, bringing the total known species of Mantodea in Belize to 21. Further information on habitat and microhabitat observations are included. A regional dichotomous key and Lucid interactive key are provided to known species in Belize. A list of other possibly endemic species is provided. Remarks on the merit of further sampling efforts in central America are made, based on recent studies. Our findings suggest that our understanding of Central American Mantodean diversity could be vastly improved by further documentation.

Brazil is one of the most diverse countries in the world, hosting more than 250 known species of mantids (Mantodea). Studying natural history collections is crucial to identify, describe new taxa and solve taxonomic issues, improving the knowledge about the biodiversity. Here we document the transference of the mantids collection from the Entomological Collection of Instituto Butantan (São Paulo, Brazil) to the Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and provide a morphological assessment on the 33 transferred mantids. We recognized 13 genera and 12 species, with diversified distribution in Brazil, although 6 specimens from 4 genera could not be identified at a specific level. The transference of this collection starts a new phase of restructuration and recognition of the Medical Entomology scope of the donor collection, aside from helping the rebuilt of the Entomological Collection of the Museu Nacional, lost in the 2018 fire, and allowing further researches within the group.

The phylogeny of the genus Cubitermes Wasmann was reconstructed using two mitochondrial genes (COI and COII) and a fragment of the nuclear 28S rDNA, including samples of Apilitermes Holmgren, Crenetermes Silvestri, Megagnathotermes Silvestri, and Thoracotermes Wasmann. Based on our analyses, we recovered these genera within a paraphyletic Cubitermes clade. Cubitermes species are distributed between five main clades, highly reflective of their enteric valve armatures (EVAs). Consequently, Cubitermes is here divided into five monophyletic genera based on phylogenetic analyses and EVAs: Cubitermes (sensu stricto), Isognathotermes Sjöstedt, Nitiditermes Emerson, Polyspathotermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n. and Ternicubitermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n. Moreover, the two species of Megagnathotermes included in this study, exhibiting different EVAs, are phylogenetically distant: M. katangensis Sjöstedt belongs in the genus Polyspathotermes, while M. notandus Silvestri remains as a monotypic genus. During the evolution of the Cubitermes complex, sclerotized EVA spatulae appeared twice independently: three or six spatulae in Polyspathotermes (sulcifrons and oblectatus patterns) and two jaw-like spatulae in Nitiditermes (sankurensis pattern), which is absent in some species (oculatus pattern).Zoobank registration: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:576AAFF8-63C6-4962-A8F5-75C9317AEA7B., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The first record of Perlamantis alliberti Guérin-Méneville, 1843 is reported from Galicia, in a locality (Oímbra, province of Ourense) which enlarges the presence of the species in the Douro basin to the northwestern boundaries of the Mediterranean biogeographic region., Achégase o primeiro rexistro de Perlamantis alliberti Guérin-Méneville, 1843 para Galicia, nunha localidade (Oímbra, provincia de Ourense) que amplía a presenza da especie na conca do Douro ás marxes noroccidentais da rexión bioxeográfica mediterránea.

Research over the last two decades has significantly increased our understanding of the evolutionary position of the insects among other arthropods, and the relationships among the insect Orders. Many of these insights have been established through increasingly sophisticated analyses of DNA sequence data from a limited number of genes. Recent results have established the relationships of the Holometabola, but relationships among the hemimetabolous orders have been more difficult to elucidate. A strong consensus on the relationships among the Palaeoptera (Ephemeroptera and Odonata) and their relationship to the Neoptera has not emerged with all three possible resolutions supported by different data sets. While polyneopteran relationships generally have resisted significant resolution, it is now clear that termites, Isoptera, are nested within the cockroaches, Blattodea. The newly discovered order Mantophasmatodea is difficult to place with the balance of studies favouring Grylloblattodea as sister-group. While some studies have found the paraneopteran orders (Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Phthiraptera and Psocoptera) monophyletic, evidence suggests that parasitic lice (Phthiraptera) have evolved from groups within the book and bark lice (Psocoptera), and may represent parallel evolutions of parasitism within two major louse groups. Within Holometabola, it is now clear that Hymenoptera are the sister to the other orders, that, in turn are divided into two clades, the Neuropteroidea (Coleoptera, Neuroptera and relatives) and the Mecopterida (Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and their relatives). The enigmatic order Strepsiptera, the twisted wing insects, have now been placed firmly near Coleoptera, rejecting their close relationship to Diptera that was proposed some 15years ago primarily based on ribosomal DNA data. Phylogenomic-scale analyses are just beginning to be focused on the relationships of the insect orders, and this is where we expect to see resolution of palaeo

Sociality in insects may negatively impact on species richness. We tested whether termites have experienced shifts in diversification rates through time. Supertree methods were used to synthesize family-level relationships within termites, cockroaches and mantids. A deep positive shift in diversification rate is found within termites, but not in the cockroaches from which they evolved. The shift is responsible for most of their extant species richness suggesting that eusociality is not necessarily detrimental to species richness, and may sometimes have a positive effect. Mechanistic studies of speciation and extinction in eusocial insects are advocated.

Ce guide d'identification des insectes tropicaux rassemble l'essentiel des connaissances indispensables pour permettre d'acquérir une autonomie de diagnostic au niveau de la plupart des familles d'insectes d'importance économique. Aux clés de reconnaissance des familles, sont associés des tableaux d'identification, de nombreuses illustrations, ainsi qu'une importante bibliographie.

[EN] A commented relation of 58 species of Orthopteroids found in the Biological Reserve of Coto Doñana (Huelva, Spain), is done. Nine species are endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. two of them, Rhacocleis lusitanica (Boi..) and Leptoternis candidus lusitanicus (EBNER), being recorded for the first time for Spain, since they were only known from Portugal; another two species, Uromenus (Steropleurus) recticarinatus nov. sp. and Acinipe comptei nov. si)., are nevv to Science. For the first time are also recorded for this area the following species : SPhodromantis viridis (FúRsx.), Tylopsis liliifolia (FABR.), Pterolepis spoliata in inor BOL., Thyreonotus bidens BOL., Gryllotalpa africana BEAUV.. Tridactylus variegatus (LATR.), Truxalis nasuta (L.), Eyprepocnemis plorans (CHARP.), Brachycrotaphus tryxalicerus (FISCH.) and Ramburiella hispaplica (RAmB.). Finally, in brief ecological notes, the occurrence of main species and its biotops of preference, with a numeric relation according to its geographic distribution are given., [ES] Se hace una relación comentada de las 58 especies de Ortopteroides que han sido halladas en la Reserva Biológica del Coto Doñana (Huelva, España). De ellas nueve especies son endémicas de la Península Ibérica, de las cuales dos, Rhacocleis lusitanica (Bol..) y Leptoternis candidus lusitanicus (EBNER), se citan por primera vez para España, ya que sólo eran conocidas de Portugal; otras dos, Uromenus (Steropleurus) recticarinatus nov. si). y Acinipe comptei nov. sp., son nuevas para la ciencia. También se citan por primera vez para este área las siguientes especies : Sphodromantis viridis (FüRsK.), Tylopsis liliifolia (FABR.), Pterolepis spoliata minor BOL., Thyreonotus bidens BOL., Gryllotalpa africana BEAUV., Tridactylus variegatus (LATR.), Truralis viasuta (L.), Eyprepocnemis plorans (CHARP.), Brachycrotaphus tryxalicerus (FiscH.) y Ramburiella Ji ispanica (RAmB.). Por último, se trata, en breves notas ecológicas, de la localización de las principales especies y sus biotopos preferidos, con una relación numérica de las especies según su distribución geográfica.

Col nome di Sphodrornantis viridis (Forsk., 1775) viene indicata una specie di Mantodeo largamente diffusa in tutta l'Africa settentrionale e che a sud del Sahara si estende in parte nell'Africa centrale e nell'Africa orientale : i limiti meridionali del suo areale, secondo i dati desunti della letteratura, sono rappresentati da una linea che passa a sud del Senegal, Mali, Alto Volta, lago Ciad, ;Kordofan (cioè all'incirca all'altezza del 100 parallelo N) e che in Africa Orientale scende a sud dell'equatare, passando per il lago Rodolfo ed il Kilimandjaro. Tali limiti appaiono però alquanto ristretti ed incerti, poichè non è ancora chiaro il valore di altre forme affini di Sphodromantis, descritte su sole femmine, specialmente in Africa orientale, e per il fatto che, come indicherò di seguito, ritengo appartenere a questa specie anche una forma (S. occidentalis Wem.) dell'Africa Sud-occidentale.

En 1892, Ignacio Bolivar décrivit le genre Nocticola pour deux remarquables petites Blattes qui avaient été découvertes par Eugène Simon aux Philippines, eians des grottes de l'ile Luzón. Quelques années plus tard, en 1897, une autre petite Blatte cavernicole, provenant du voyage de Leonardo Fea en Birmanies était clécrite, par Bolivar encore, sous les nom de Spelaeoblatta gestroi; Bolivar rapproche cette espèce des Nocticola des Philippines, bien qu'elle présente des différences notables avec ces der, nières. En 1910, c'est R. Shelford qui décrit à son tour une petite Blatte recueillie par Ch. Alluaud dans une grotte d'Afrique Orientale; il en fait le nouveau genre Alluaudella et la nomme Alluaudella cavernicola. Bien n'ait à ce moment établi aucun rapprochement entre cette petite Blatte et les Nocticola, ii semble bien évident que les deux genres ont des rapports étroits, ainsi que je l'ai montré dans une études détaillée d'Alluaudellina (en place d'Alluaudella préoccupé) cavernicola parue en 1 932. Peu après la description du genre Alluaudella, une seconde espèce provenant de Kurseong, dans le c-listrict de Darjiling dans l'Himalaya, lui fut rapportée par F. H. Gravely (Alluaudella himalayensis); la description était faite d'après un seid individu capturé la nuit, à la lumière. Gravely note le rapport existant entre le genre Alluaudella et un genre décrit en 1 908 par R. Shelford cl'après Quelques petites Blattes capturées, à la lumière également, par Green à Ceylan ; ces Blattes avaient été nommées Cardax Shelford ; ce dernier avait d'ailleurs cléjà indiqué la parenté probable de l'Alluaudella cl'Afrique Orientale avec les Cardax de Ceylan. Un peu plus tard, H. Karny a discuté, en 1924, les rapports de ces différentes espèces de petites Blattes et, se basant sur les caractères de la nervation alaire, ii conclut que les espèces asiatiques doivent former deux genres différents d'Alluaudella, soit l'ancien genre Cardax de Shelford (devenu depuis Cardacus Strand, pa

Through the kindness of Mr. E. C. Zimmerman, formerly director of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum of Honolulu, I got for study, several years ago a collection of Orthoptera, collected in the Caroline Islands by Y. Kondo, S. Otomo and Z. Ono. Part of the collection was studied some years ago and published (Willemse, 1942), the remaining part will be published now. As far as can be traced from literature, very little is known on the Orthoptera of these Islands and only a few species are describeci from the Caroline Isl. itself. It will be usefull to give a list, made as complete as possible, of all bitherto known species occuring in these islands.

Transcribimos en esta serie de apuntes los resultados de un primer estudio sobre los Dictyoptera marroquíes pertenecientes a las ricas colecciones del Instituto Español de Entomología.

Estas líneas constituyen nuestra cuarta aportación al conocimiento de los insectos de este orden que habitan los citados territorios. En ellas, observará el lector un interesante número de formas que son completamente nuevas para la Ciencia o para aquellas regiones, que nos empiezan a dejar ver cuáles son las verdaderas características de esa curiosa fauna, y que si aquí no nos atrevemos a concretarlas, es debido, principalmente, a las razones que va en uno de nuestros trabajos anteriores indicábamos.