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We aimed to evaluate indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) feed concentration after cattle, goat, and sheep ruminal incubation, compare results with different estimate methods and connect with chemical analysis data. Four forages (corn silage, sugarcane, Brachiaria decumbens cv. Marandu, and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia), two concentrates (ground corn and soybean meal), a by-product (soybean hull), and three fecal samples (cattle, goat, and sheep) were incubated in Nellore steers, dry Saanen goats and Santa Inês sheep. Animals were previously adapted to the experimental diet for eight days, and incubation was performed for 240 hours. The concentration of iNDF was higher when samples were incubated in goat rumen compared with samples incubated in the rumen of cattle. Sheep ruminal incubation increased forages and tended to increase concentrate and by-product iNDF concentration, relative to cattle ruminal incubation. Moreover, sheep and goat ruminal incubation result in similar feed iNDF concentration. Besides, cattle feces had a higher level, and goat feces had lower iNDF levels than sheep feces. The CNCPS underestimated iNDF feed concentration. Estimates of uNDF from Conrad et al. (1984) were lower than iNDF level of sugarcane and higher than iNDF level of P. maximum and concentrates. In general, lignin concentration was the primary composition data related to the iNDF level. However, ADF was the best for forages (R2 = 0.668), and NDF was better for concentrates (R2 = 0.454). In conclusion, digestive process of different species affects iNDF feed concentration. The bias of models was considerable, and feed characteristics affect chemical composition and iNDF level, Objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a concentração da fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi) após a incubação ruminal em bovinos, caprinos e ovinos, e comparar os diferentes resultados com os métodos de estimativa e relacionar os dados com as análises químicas. Quatros forragens (silagem de milho, cana-de-açúcar, Brachiaria decumbens cv. Marandu e Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia) dois concentrados (milho em grão e farelo de soja), um subproduto (casquinha de soja) e três amostras de fezes (bovino, caprino e ovino) foram incubadas em novilhos Nelore, cabras Saanen e ovinos Santa Inês. Os animais foram previamente adaptados a dieta experimental por 8 dias e incubação ocorreu por 240 horas. A concentração de FDNi foi mais alta nas amostras incubadas no rúmen de caprinos comparada com amostras incubadas no rúmen de bovinos. A incubação nos ovinos aumentou a concentração de FDNi nas forragens e tendeu a aumentar no concentrado e subproduto em relação a incubação no rúmen de bovinos. A concentração de FDNi foi similar para incubação em ovinos e caprinos. Em adição, as fezes bovinas tiveram alta concentração de FDNi, e as fezes de caprinos tiveram menor concentração de FDNi em relação às fezes de ovinos. O modelo CNCPS subestimou a concentração de FDNi nas amostras. Estimativas da FDN não degradável por Conrad et al. (1984) subestimou a concentração de FDNi na cana-de-açúcar e superestimou a concentração de FDNi no P.maximume concentrados. Em geral, a concentração de lignina foi ocomponente das amostrasmais relacionado com a concentração de FDNi. FDA foi a melhor para forragens (R2 = 0.668) e FDN foi melhor para concentrados (R2 = 0.454). Em conclusão, os processos digestivos das diferentes espécies afetam a concentração de FDNi do alimento. Erros nas estimativas dos modelos foram consideráveis e as características dos alimentos afetam a composição química e concentração de FDNi.

We aimed to evaluate indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) feed concentration after cattle, goat, and sheep ruminal incubation, compare results with different estimate methods and connect with chemical analysis data. Four forages (corn silage, sugarcane, Brachiaria decumbens cv. Marandu, and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia), two concentrates (ground corn and soybean meal), a by-product (soybean hull), and three fecal samples (cattle, goat, and sheep) were incubated in Nellore steers, dry Saanen goats and Santa Inês sheep. Animals were previously adapted to the experimental diet for eight days, and incubation was performed for 240 hours. The concentration of iNDF was higher when samples were incubated in goat rumen compared with samples incubated in the rumen of cattle. Sheep ruminal incubation increased forages and tended to increase concentrate and by-product iNDF concentration, relative to cattle ruminal incubation. Moreover, sheep and goat ruminal incubation result in similar feed iNDF concentration. Besides, cattle feces had a higher level, and goat feces had lower iNDF levels than sheep feces. The CNCPS underestimated iNDF feed concentration. Estimates of uNDF from Conrad et al. (1984) were lower than iNDF level of sugarcane and higher than iNDF level of P. maximum and concentrates. In general, lignin concentration was the primary composition data related to the iNDF level. However, ADF was the best for forages (R2 = 0.668), and NDF was better for concentrates (R2 = 0.454). In conclusion, digestive process of different species affects iNDF feed concentration. The bias of models was considerable, and feed characteristics affect chemical composition and iNDF level, Objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a concentração da fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi) após a incubação ruminal em bovinos, caprinos e ovinos, e comparar os diferentes resultados com os métodos de estimativa e relacionar os dados com as análises químicas. Quatros forragens (silagem de milho, cana-de-açúcar, Brachiaria decumbens cv. Marandu e Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia) dois concentrados (milho em grão e farelo de soja), um subproduto (casquinha de soja) e três amostras de fezes (bovino, caprino e ovino) foram incubadas em novilhos Nelore, cabras Saanen e ovinos Santa Inês. Os animais foram previamente adaptados a dieta experimental por 8 dias e incubação ocorreu por 240 horas. A concentração de FDNi foi mais alta nas amostras incubadas no rúmen de caprinos comparada com amostras incubadas no rúmen de bovinos. A incubação nos ovinos aumentou a concentração de FDNi nas forragens e tendeu a aumentar no concentrado e subproduto em relação a incubação no rúmen de bovinos. A concentração de FDNi foi similar para incubação em ovinos e caprinos. Em adição, as fezes bovinas tiveram alta concentração de FDNi, e as fezes de caprinos tiveram menor concentração de FDNi em relação às fezes de ovinos. O modelo CNCPS subestimou a concentração de FDNi nas amostras. Estimativas da FDN não degradável por Conrad et al. (1984) subestimou a concentração de FDNi na cana-de-açúcar e superestimou a concentração de FDNi no P.maximume concentrados. Em geral, a concentração de lignina foi ocomponente das amostrasmais relacionado com a concentração de FDNi. FDA foi a melhor para forragens (R2 = 0.668) e FDN foi melhor para concentrados (R2 = 0.454). Em conclusão, os processos digestivos das diferentes espécies afetam a concentração de FDNi do alimento. Erros nas estimativas dos modelos foram consideráveis e as características dos alimentos afetam a composição química e concentração de FDNi.

The unpredictable Anthropocene poses the challenge of imagining a radically different, equitable and sustainable world. Looking 100 years ahead is not easy, and especially as millennials, it appears quite bleak. This paper is the outcome of a visioning exercise carried out in a 2-day workshop, attended by 33 young early career professionals under the auspices of IPBES. The process used Nature Futures Framework in an adapted visioning method from the Seeds of Good Anthropocene project. Four groups envisioned more desirable future worlds; where humanity has organised itself, the economy, politics and technology, to achieve improved nature-human well-being. The four visions had differing conceptualisations of this future. However, there were interesting commonalities in their leverage points for transformative change, including an emphasis on community, fundamentally different economic systems based on sharing and technological solutions to foster sustainability and human-nature connectedness. Debates included questioning the possibility of maintaining local biocultural diversity with increased connectivity globally and the prominence of technology for sustainability outcomes. These visions are the first step towards a wider galvanisation of youth visions for a brighter future, which is often missing in the arena where it can be taken seriously, to trigger more transformative pathways towards meeting global goals

The unpredictable Anthropocene poses the challenge of imagining a radically different, equitable and sustainable world. Looking 100 years ahead is not easy, and especially as millennials, it appears quite bleak. This paper is the outcome of a visioning exercise carried out in a 2-day workshop, attended by 33 young early career professionals under the auspices of IPBES. The process used Nature Futures Framework in an adapted visioning method from the Seeds of Good Anthropocene project. Four groups envisioned more desirable future worlds; where humanity has organised itself, the economy, politics and technology, to achieve improved nature-human well-being. The four visions had differing conceptualisations of this future. However, there were interesting commonalities in their leverage points for transformative change, including an emphasis on community, fundamentally different economic systems based on sharing and technological solutions to foster sustainability and human-nature connectedness. Debates included questioning the possibility of maintaining local biocultural diversity with increased connectivity globally and the prominence of technology for sustainability outcomes. These visions are the first step towards a wider galvanisation of youth visions for a brighter future, which is often missing in the arena where it can be taken seriously, to trigger more transformative pathways towards meeting global goals. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.