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Agricultural land is the most valuable resource of today because the issue of food security in the world community now comes first. Unfortunately, the ecological condition of lands suitable for agricultural use in Ukraine and the situation in the field of their use is constantly deteriorating. The quality of land resources is declining and approaching catastrophic levels. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to explore the main aspects of legal and environmental regulation of fertile land protection and to suggest ways to improve the protection and preservation of agricultural land. The main research method is the method of analysis, thanks to which the world experience in the field of environmental protection in general and the protection of agricultural lands was comprehensively analysed. The normative-legal acts of Ukraine, which regulate the issues of land use, as well as protection and preservation of agricultural lands, were analysed. The proposed mechanisms of environmental protection on the example of agricultural lands can be used to form targeted government programs.

Contains fulltext : 179174.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Contains fulltext : 179174.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Contains fulltext : 179174.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

In Vlaanderen zijn veel stilstaande wateren tijdens de zomerperiode onderhevig aan waterbloei. Dit uit zich door een sterke toename van algen of bacteriën die het water kleurt. Sommige van deze bloeivormende micro-organismen kunnen gevaarlijk zijn voor mens en dier. Hierdoor worden bepaalde zwem- en recreatievijvers soms preventief gesloten voor het publiek. Sinds een tiental jaren wordt dit fenomeen in Vlaanderen op een meer systematische wijze gedocumenteerd.

Relationships between traits of organisms and the structure of their metacommunities have so far mainly been explored with meta-analyses. We compared metacommunities of a wide variety of aquatic organism groups (12 groups, ranging from bacteria to fish) in the same set of 99 ponds to minimise biases inherent to meta-analyses. In the category of passive dispersers, large-bodied groups showed stronger spatial patterning than small-bodied groups suggesting an increasing impact of dispersal limitation with increasing body size. Metacommunities of organisms with the ability to fly (i.e. insect groups) showed a weaker imprint of dispersal limitation than passive dispersers with similar body size. In contrast, dispersal movements of vertebrate groups (fish and amphibians) seemed to be mainly confined to local connectivity patterns. Our results reveal that body size and dispersal mode are important drivers of metacommunity structure and these traits should therefore be considered when developing a predictive framework for metacommunity dynamics., Relationships between traits of organisms and the structure of their metacommunities have so far mainly been explored with meta-analyses. We compared metacommunities of a wide variety of aquatic organism groups (12 groups, ranging from bacteria to fish) in the same set of 99 ponds to minimise biases inherent to meta-analyses. In the category of passive dispersers, large-bodied groups showed stronger spatial patterning than small-bodied groups suggesting an increasing impact of dispersal limitation with increasing body size. Metacommunities of organisms with the ability to fly (i.e. insect groups) showed a weaker imprint of dispersal limitation than passive dispersers with similar body size. In contrast, dispersal movements of vertebrate groups (fish and amphibians) seemed to be mainly confined to local connectivity patterns. Our results reveal that body size and dispersal mode are important drivers of metacommunity structure and these traits should therefore be considered when developing a predictive framework for metacommunity dynamics.

Aulacoseira subarctica f. subborealis differs from A. subarctica var. subarctica by a number of morphological features (smaller linking spines without areolae on their base, shorter spine grooves, discus always areolated, shallower mantle and different 'Formwechsel', considerably finer structure, rimoportula on the inner side of the pseudoseptum), as well as its ecological preferences. It is therefore considered to represent a separate species: A. subborealis stat. nov. Characteristics that differ from those of the similar species, A. alpigena, include the non-spathulate linking spines, each one originating from two pervalvar ribs, more numerous areolae on the disci, smaller dimensions, finer areolation of the mantle and, in the LM, absence of more marked mantle areolae next to the collum. In the LM, confusion may further arise with A. laevissima, A. distans or A. nygaardii, which also show some resemblance to A. subborealis. Aulacoseira subborealis is widely distributed in rivers and lakes in W-Europe and Australia, and presumably occurs in New Zealand and North America as well, but has been reported only rarely because of confusion with other taxa. It appears to develop especially well in more alkaline and rather eutrophic, highly turbid fresh water. Yet, this planktonic species is unable to withstand extremely severe eutrophication or pollution.

In order to investigate the feasibility of heterotrophic leaching of nickel from low-grade oxide ores such as laterites, the effects of a number of organic acids possibly formed by bacteria under these conditions were examined using samples of limonitic nickel ore from Indonesia and Western Australia. Citric, tartaric and pyruvic acids were found to increase the yield of soluble nickel when adjusted to pH 2.3 with sulphuric acid whereas other organic acids were not effective. An electrophoretic technique was used to characterise the resultant leach liquors., In order to investigate the feasibility of heterotrophic leaching of nickel from low-grade oxide ores such as laterites, the effects of a number of organic acids possibly formed by bacteria under these conditions were examined using samples of limonitic nickel ore from Indonesia and Western Australia. Citric, tartaric and pyruvic acids were found to increase the yield of soluble nickel when adjusted to pH 2.3 with sulphuric acid whereas other organic acids were not effective. An electrophoretic technique was used to characterise the resultant leach liquors.