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Despite growing interest in sustainable communication, current research provides limited insights into how consumers perceive sustainable communication from fast fashion brands. Existing studies broadly address sustainable communication on social media but rarely focus on specific industries. White et al. (2017) noted that consumer reactions to CSR initiatives remain underexplored, particularly in the fashion sector. Our research aims to address this gap by investigating how consumers express their identities related to sustainability on social media, specifically in response to sustainability initiatives by fast fashion brands. Using qualitative methods, we seek to understand the nuances of authentic sustainable communication and consumer reactions. More specifically, we executed nethnography and thematic content analysis, leveraging Instagram posts from the fast fashion brands and Reddit forums related to our research topic. To analyze this data, we performed thematic content analysis. This study aims to enrich both academic research and industry practices by highlighting the significant role of language and communication in shaping consumer identities in the digital age. More specifically, this research paper aims to explore how consumers communicate and shape their identities related to sustainability on social media, focusing on their engagement with sustainability efforts by fast fashion brands. The fast fashion industry, known for its significant societal and environmental impact, was chosen due to its influence on consumer behavior and attitudes. Fast fashion brands, with their rapid production cycles and mass marketing, play a crucial role in shaping consumer perceptions. Economically, they create jobs, especially in developing countries, and contribute to the global economy. They also democratize fashion by making it accessible and affordable, influencing cultural norms and identities worldwide. However, the industry's environmental and ethical practices h

Lightning is a naturally occurring phenomenon that involves a sudden electrostatic discharge caused by an imbalance between electrically charged cloud regions. Although lightning is visibly amazing, its impact can be dangerous and damaging, which many studies have carried out lightning-generated electric field measurements to assess the electrical discharge features. This study conducted the lightning-generated electric field measurement on the College of Engineering building rooftop at UNITEN from August 2019 to March 2020. A total of 115 negative lightning return strokes waveforms were recorded using a parallel plate antenna. A comparison was made between the data measured in the tropical and non-tropical regions, such as UTM, UPM, Sweden, USA, and Germany, in terms of the characteristic, mainly on the negative return strokes parameters. It was observed that data measured in the same region, either tropical or non-tropical, were consistent or almost similar. On the contrary, the results indicated a significant difference between these two regions on the negative return strokes parameters characteristics. The zero-to-peak and fast transition 10–90% rise time, as well as width dE/dt pulse at half peak value in the tropical region, were observed higher than the non-tropical region. Meanwhile, the zero-crossing time and slow front amplitude relative to the peak in the non-tropical region were averagely longer as compared to the tropical region. Therefore, dissimilarities in the characteristics of negative return stroke parameters could be attributed to the variation in the meteorological conditions, geographical locations, and climatic affection.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure, analyze, and characterize the lightning electric field waveform for a better conception of the lightning phenomenon. Moreover, the characterization mainly on the negative return strokes also significantly contributed to the development of the lightning detection system. Those studies mostly performed the characterization using a conventional method based on manual observations. Nevertheless, this method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error. Moreover, a longer processing time would be required to analyze data, especially for larger sample sizes. Hence, this study proposed the development of an automated negative lightning return strokes characterization using a brute-force search algorithm. A total of 170 lightning electric field waveforms were characterized automatically using the proposed algorithm. The manual and automated data were compared by evaluating their percentage difference, arithmetic mean (AM), and standard deviation (SD). The statistical analysis showed a good agreement between the manual and automated data with a percentage difference of 1.19% to 4.82%. The results showed that the proposed algorithm could provide an efficient structure and procedure by reducing the processing time and minimizing human error. Non-uniformity among users during negative lightning return strokes characterization can also be eliminated.

Lightning is a naturally occurring phenomenon that involves a sudden electrostatic discharge caused by an imbalance between electrically charged cloud regions. Although lightning is visibly amazing, its impact can be dangerous and damaging, which many studies have carried out lightning-generated electric field measurements to assess the electrical discharge features. This study conducted the lightning-generated electric field measurement on the College of Engineering building rooftop at UNITEN from August 2019 to March 2020. A total of 115 negative lightning return strokes waveforms were recorded using a parallel plate antenna. A comparison was made between the data measured in the tropical and non-tropical regions, such as UTM, UPM, Sweden, USA, and Germany, in terms of the characteristic, mainly on the negative return strokes parameters. It was observed that data measured in the same region, either tropical or non-tropical, were consistent or almost similar. On the contrary, the results indicated a significant difference between these two regions on the negative return strokes parameters characteristics. The zero-to-peak and fast transition 10–90% rise time, as well as width dE/dt pulse at half peak value in the tropical region, were observed higher than the non-tropical region. Meanwhile, the zero-crossing time and slow front amplitude relative to the peak in the non-tropical region were averagely longer as compared to the tropical region. Therefore, dissimilarities in the characteristics of negative return stroke parameters could be attributed to the variation in the meteorological conditions, geographical locations, and climatic affection.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure, analyze, and characterize the lightning electric field waveform for a better conception of the lightning phenomenon. Moreover, the characterization mainly on the negative return strokes also significantly contributed to the development of the lightning detection system. Those studies mostly performed the characterization using a conventional method based on manual observations. Nevertheless, this method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error. Moreover, a longer processing time would be required to analyze data, especially for larger sample sizes. Hence, this study proposed the development of an automated negative lightning return strokes characterization using a brute-force search algorithm. A total of 170 lightning electric field waveforms were characterized automatically using the proposed algorithm. The manual and automated data were compared by evaluating their percentage difference, arithmetic mean (AM), and standard deviation (SD). The statistical analysis showed a good agreement between the manual and automated data with a percentage difference of 1.19% to 4.82%. The results showed that the proposed algorithm could provide an efficient structure and procedure by reducing the processing time and minimizing human error. Non-uniformity among users during negative lightning return strokes characterization can also be eliminated.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure, analyze, and characterize the lightning electric field waveform for a better conception of the lightning phenomenon. Moreover, the characterization mainly on the negative return strokes also significantly contributed to the development of the lightning detection system. Those studies mostly performed the characterization using a conventional method based on manual observations. Nevertheless, this method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error. Moreover, a longer processing time would be required to analyze data, especially for larger sample sizes. Hence, this study proposed the development of an automated negative lightning return strokes characterization using a brute-force search algorithm. A total of 170 lightning electric field waveforms were characterized automatically using the proposed algorithm. The manual and automated data were compared by evaluating their percentage difference, arithmetic mean (AM), and standard deviation (SD). The statistical analysis showed a good agreement between the manual and automated data with a percentage difference of 1.19% to 4.82%. The results showed that the proposed algorithm could provide an efficient structure and procedure by reducing the processing time and minimizing human error. Non-uniformity among users during negative lightning return strokes characterization can also be eliminated.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure, analyze, and characterize the lightning electric field waveform for a better conception of the lightning phenomenon. Moreover, the characterization mainly on the negative return strokes also significantly contributed to the development of the lightning detection system. Those studies mostly performed the characterization using a conventional method based on manual observations. Nevertheless, this method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error. Moreover, a longer processing time would be required to analyze data, especially for larger sample sizes. Hence, this study proposed the development of an automated negative lightning return strokes characterization using a brute-force search algorithm. A total of 170 lightning electric field waveforms were characterized automatically using the proposed algorithm. The manual and automated data were compared by evaluating their percentage difference, arithmetic mean (AM), and standard deviation (SD). The statistical analysis showed a good agreement between the manual and automated data with a percentage difference of 1.19% to 4.82%. The results showed that the proposed algorithm could provide an efficient structure and procedure by reducing the processing time and minimizing human error. Non-uniformity among users during negative lightning return strokes characterization can also be eliminated.

The purpose of this article is to empirically analyze the long and short runs association of some macroeconomic variables in Romania. Variables used across regression include foreign direct investments (FDI), imports, exports, GDP and labour and we also take into account some economic and financial crisis’ influence on these. In order to establish this influence, a dummy was used for the 2008-2012 intsb erval. Then, all variables were found to be integrated of order one I (I). Cointegration was performed under Johansen test and a VECM was applied according to its result. Our model results point on the association between variables on both long and short runs. Then, Granger test under VECM was equally applied in order to establish the uni- or bi-directional causality between variables. We found that the economic crisis actually caused significant influence on FDI, imports, exports and GDP and rather no influence on labor, as reliable resource.

En este trabajo se presenta un panorama actual de la LIJ en México en relación con la forma en que se ha introducido su estudio en el ámbito académico, y las prácticas editoriales de algunas empresas que han contribuido a su difusión y promoción, ya que en los últimos cinco años hemos observado una evolución trascendental en la percepción de algunos ambientes académicos hacia esta manifestación literaria. Abordamos este proceso desde las modificaciones en algunos programas académicos de las licenciaturas en Letras en México, en particular de la UANL, así como en las diversas publicaciones especializadas sobre la LIJ.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure and classify the lightning-generated electric field waveform for a better understanding of the lightning physics phenomenon. Through measurement and classification, the features of the negative lightning return strokes can be accessed and analysed. In most studies, the classification of negative lightning return strokes was performed using a conventional approach based on manual visual inspection. Nevertheless, this traditional method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error, which also required a longer processing time. Hence, this study developed an automated negative lightning return strokes classification system using MATLAB software. In this study, a total of 115 return strokes was recorded and classified automatically by using the developed system. The data comparison with the Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research (TNBR) lightning report showed a good agreement between the lightning signal detected from this study with those signals recorded from the report. Apart from that, the developed automated system was successfully classified the negative lightning return strokes which this parameter was also illustrated on Graphic User Interface (GUI). Thus, the proposed automatic system could offer a practical and reliable approach by reducing human error and the processing time while classifying the negative lightning return strokes.

Over the years, many studies have been conducted to measure and classify the lightning-generated electric field waveform for a better understanding of the lightning physics phenomenon. Through measurement and classification, the features of the negative lightning return strokes can be accessed and analysed. In most studies, the classification of negative lightning return strokes was performed using a conventional approach based on manual visual inspection. Nevertheless, this traditional method could compromise the accuracy of data analysis due to human error, which also required a longer processing time. Hence, this study developed an automated negative lightning return strokes classification system using MATLAB software. In this study, a total of 115 return strokes was recorded and classified automatically by using the developed system. The data comparison with the Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research (TNBR) lightning report showed a good agreement between the lightning signal detected from this study with those signals recorded from the report. Apart from that, the developed automated system was successfully classified the negative lightning return strokes which this parameter was also illustrated on Graphic User Interface (GUI). Thus, the proposed automatic system could offer a practical and reliable approach by reducing human error and the processing time while classifying the negative lightning return strokes.

En este trabajo se presenta un panorama actual de la LIJ en México en relación con la forma en que se ha introducido su estudio en el ámbito académico, y las prácticas editoriales de algunas empresas que han contribuido a su difusión y promoción, ya que en los últimos cinco años hemos observado una evolución trascendental en la percepción de algunos ambientes académicos hacia esta manifestación literaria. Abordamos este proceso desde las modificaciones en algunos programas académicos de las licenciaturas en Letras en México, en particular de la UANL, así como en las diversas publicaciones especializadas sobre la LIJ.

En este trabajo se presenta un panorama actual de la LIJ en México en relación con la forma en que se ha introducido su estudio en el ámbito académico, y las prácticas editoriales de algunas empresas que han contribuido a su difusión y promoción, ya que en los últimos cinco años hemos observado una evolución trascendental en la percepción de algunos ambientes académicos hacia esta manifestación literaria. Abordamos este proceso desde las modificaciones en algunos programas académicos de las licenciaturas en Letras en México, en particular de la UANL, así como en las diversas publicaciones especializadas sobre la LIJ.

En este trabajo se presenta un panorama actual de la LIJ en México en relación con la forma en que se ha introducido su estudio en el ámbito académico, y las prácticas editoriales de algunas empresas que han contribuido a su difusión y promoción, ya que en los últimos cinco años hemos observado una evolución trascendental en la percepción de algunos ambientes académicos hacia esta manifestación literaria. Abordamos este proceso desde las modificaciones en algunos programas académicos de las licenciaturas en Letras en México, en particular de la UANL, así como en las diversas publicaciones especializadas sobre la LIJ.

Denna studie handlar om hur nyanlända vårdnadshavare upplever mötet med den svenska förskolan. Intervjuerna fokuserar vårdnadshavare som är eller har varit nyanländ inom de senaste sex åren. Detta för att undersöka hur deras syn på mötet med svenska förskolan har varit och hur deras erfarenheter av den första tiden i förskolan sett ut. Språket innehar en central del i uppsatsen och målet med studien är att få en djupare förståelse för vårdnadshavarnas upplevelser med den svenska förskolan. Samt undersöka om vårdnadshavarna eventuellt upplevt något som saknats i samband med inskolningen. Tanken är att arbetet ska bidra till en mer grundläggande förståelse för hur det känns att vara nyanländ i ett land där mycket är främmande och nytt. Interkulturell teori kommer användas som analysverktyg i arbetet och resultatet av vår undersökning visar att majoriteten av vårdnadshavarna upplevt att mötet med förskolan varit positivt och tryggt. Undersökningen har däremot visat att det funnits svagheter i kommunikationen mellan vårdnadshavare och förskolepersonal. Trots brister i kommunikationen mellan pedagoger och vårdnadshavare, har dialogen fungerat bra med hjälp av kroppsspråket, bilder och annat hjälpmedel som har funnits tillgängligt.

This work presents a panoramic view of Children and Young Adult Literature developed in Mexico, in relation with the study in Academic field, and some editorial practices that have contributed to its dissemination and promotion, since in the last five years we have observed a transcendental evolution in the perception of some academic environments towards this literary manifestation. We approach this process from the modifications in certain academic programs of Arts in Mexico, as well as other specialized publications about Children and Young Adult Literature., Neste trabalho apresenta-se o atual panorama da LIJ no México em relação com a forma na qual tem sido introduzido seu estudo no âmbito acadêmico, e as práticas edi-toriais de algumas empresas que têm contribuído para sua difusão e promoção, já que nos últimos cinco anos temos observado uma evolução trascendental na percepção de alguns ambientes acadêmicos para essa manifestação literária. Abordamos esse processo desde as modificações em alguns programas acadêmicos das faculdades de Letras em México, particularmente da UANL assim como nas diversas publicações especializadas sobre a LIJ., En este trabajo se presenta un panorama actual de la LIJ en México en relación con la forma en que se ha introducido su estudio en el ámbito académico, y las prácticas editoriales de algunas empresas que han contribuido a su difusión y promoción, ya que en los últimos cinco años hemos observado una evolución trascendental en la percepción de algunos ambientes académicos hacia esta manifestación literaria. Abordamos este proceso desde las modificaciones en algunos programas académicos de las licenciaturas en Letras en México, en particular de la UANL, así como en las diversas publicaciones especializadas sobre la LIJ.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common complication found in beta-thalassemia patients. The mechanism of DM in beta-thalassemia patients is still unclear, but it could be from an iron overload and increase of some cytokines, such as interleukin1-beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The objective of this study was to study the effect of interaction between ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and cytokines, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, on 1.1B4 human pancreatic beta-cell line. Methods: The effect of the combination of FAC and cytokines on cell viability was studied by MTT assay. Insulin secretion was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis in normal and high glucose condition were determined by flow cytometer. In addition, gene expression of apoptosis, antioxidant; glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and insulin secretory function were studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Results: The findings revealed that FAC exposure resulted in the decrease of cell viability and insulin-release, and the induction of ROS and apoptosis in pancreatic cells. Interestingly, a combination of FAC and cytokines had an additive effect on SOD2 antioxidants' genes expression and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, it reduced the insulin secretion genes expression; insulin (INS), glucose kinase (GCK), protein convertase 1 (PSCK1), and protein convertase 2 (PSCK2). Moreover, the highest ROS and the lowest insulin secretion were found in FAC combined with IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in the high-glucose condition of human pancreatic beta cell, which could be involved in the mechanism of DM development in beta-thalassemia patients

Denna studie handlar om hur nyanlända vårdnadshavare upplever mötet med den svenska förskolan. Intervjuerna fokuserar vårdnadshavare som är eller har varit nyanländ inom de senaste sex åren. Detta för att undersöka hur deras syn på mötet med svenska förskolan har varit och hur deras erfarenheter av den första tiden i förskolan sett ut. Språket innehar en central del i uppsatsen och målet med studien är att få en djupare förståelse för vårdnadshavarnas upplevelser med den svenska förskolan. Samt undersöka om vårdnadshavarna eventuellt upplevt något som saknats i samband med inskolningen. Tanken är att arbetet ska bidra till en mer grundläggande förståelse för hur det känns att vara nyanländ i ett land där mycket är främmande och nytt. Interkulturell teori kommer användas som analysverktyg i arbetet och resultatet av vår undersökning visar att majoriteten av vårdnadshavarna upplevt att mötet med förskolan varit positivt och tryggt. Undersökningen har däremot visat att det funnits svagheter i kommunikationen mellan vårdnadshavare och förskolepersonal. Trots brister i kommunikationen mellan pedagoger och vårdnadshavare, har dialogen fungerat bra med hjälp av kroppsspråket, bilder och annat hjälpmedel som har funnits tillgängligt.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common complication found in beta-thalassemia patients. The mechanism of DM in beta-thalassemia patients is still unclear, but it could be from an iron overload and increase of some cytokines, such as interleukin1-beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The objective of this study was to study the effect of interaction between ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and cytokines, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, on 1.1B4 human pancreatic beta-cell line. Methods: The effect of the combination of FAC and cytokines on cell viability was studied by MTT assay. Insulin secretion was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis in normal and high glucose condition were determined by flow cytometer. In addition, gene expression of apoptosis, antioxidant; glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and insulin secretory function were studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Results: The findings revealed that FAC exposure resulted in the decrease of cell viability and insulin-release, and the induction of ROS and apoptosis in pancreatic cells. Interestingly, a combination of FAC and cytokines had an additive effect on SOD2 antioxidants' genes expression and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, it reduced the insulin secretion genes expression; insulin (INS), glucose kinase (GCK), protein convertase 1 (PSCK1), and protein convertase 2 (PSCK2). Moreover, the highest ROS and the lowest insulin secretion were found in FAC combined with IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in the high-glucose condition of human pancreatic beta cell, which could be involved in the mechanism of DM development in beta-thalassemia patients

The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the performance-related rewards of sales agents in a real estate company in Makati City. The researcher used a self-made survey questionnaire that was validated and approved by an experienced statistician to assess the level of efficacy of performance-related rewards. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to 172 respondents that were determined using a convenience sampling technique. The responses obtained from the respondents through the questionnaires that were distributed were transferred into appropriate tables where they were sorted, ranked using frequency and percentages. The results of the study revealed that the sales agents of the real estate company prefer the mobile device to be the “very effective” performance-related rewards in motivating them, while car incentives, travel, free use of company-owned resorts, and commission ranked as “effective.” The last that obtained the lowest grand mean is the print media exposure ofperformance. This implies that the respondents look for rewards that are useful to them or has a monetary value. Basic needs or deficiency needs must be met first before growth needs. Given this, the company should tie basic needs to performance and create a more attractive pay or incentives, either in monetary or non-monetary form, that is useful and valuable. The company may include training sessions and seminars as performance-related pay to improve and enhance the skills, values, ethics, and attitudes of the sales agents.

Program penimbangan balita di Wilayah Puskesmas Candra Mukti mengalami penurunan dikarenakan bertambahnya umur Balita sehinga partisipasi ibu menjadi berkurang. Orang tua cenderung merasa tidak perlu lagi menimbang dan memeriksakan anaknya di posyandu setelah anak diimunisasi lengkap. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan angka partisipasi ibu untuk melakukan penimbangan Balita ke Posyandu di Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat tahun dari tahun 2016 sebsar 62,3% menurun menjadi 47,7% pada tahun 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dengan keteraturan menimbang batita usia 12-36 bulan ke posyandu Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional sampel berjumlah 36 orang. analisis data dengan univariat dan bivariat dengan Chi square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 36 ibu, terdapat sebanyak 11 (30,6%) ibu memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik, sebanyak 20 (55,6%) ibu tidak melakukan penimbangan secara teratur. Ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dengan keteraturan menimbang batita umur 12-36 bulan di posyandu Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat p value = 0,002 (kurang dari 0,05). Saran bagi ibu agar ibu berperan aktif dalam mengikuti program posyandu melalui pengetahuan dan wawasan dari petugas kesehatan, yang bersumber dari manfaat posyandu.

Program penimbangan balita di Wilayah Puskesmas Candra Mukti mengalami penurunan dikarenakan bertambahnya umur Balita sehinga partisipasi ibu menjadi berkurang. Orang tua cenderung merasa tidak perlu lagi menimbang dan memeriksakan anaknya di posyandu setelah anak diimunisasi lengkap. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan angka partisipasi ibu untuk melakukan penimbangan Balita ke Posyandu di Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat tahun dari tahun 2016 sebsar 62,3% menurun menjadi 47,7% pada tahun 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dengan keteraturan menimbang batita usia 12-36 bulan ke posyandu Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional sampel berjumlah 36 orang. analisis data dengan univariat dan bivariat dengan Chi square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dari 36 ibu, terdapat sebanyak 11 (30,6%) ibu memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik, sebanyak 20 (55,6%) ibu tidak melakukan penimbangan secara teratur. Ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang posyandu dengan keteraturan menimbang batita umur 12-36 bulan di posyandu Desa Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat p value = 0,002 (kurang dari 0,05). Saran bagi ibu agar ibu berperan aktif dalam mengikuti program posyandu melalui pengetahuan dan wawasan dari petugas kesehatan, yang bersumber dari manfaat posyandu.

The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the performance-related rewards of sales agents in a real estate company in Makati City. The researcher used a self-made survey questionnaire that was validated and approved by an experienced statistician to assess the level of efficacy of performance-related rewards. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to 172 respondents that were determined using a convenience sampling technique. The responses obtained from the respondents through the questionnaires that were distributed were transferred into appropriate tables where they were sorted, ranked using frequency and percentages. The results of the study revealed that the sales agents of the real estate company prefer the mobile device to be the “very effective” performance-related rewards in motivating them, while car incentives, travel, free use of company-owned resorts, and commission ranked as “effective.” The last that obtained the lowest grand mean is the print media exposure ofperformance. This implies that the respondents look for rewards that are useful to them or has a monetary value. Basic needs or deficiency needs must be met first before growth needs. Given this, the company should tie basic needs to performance and create a more attractive pay or incentives, either in monetary or non-monetary form, that is useful and valuable. The company may include training sessions and seminars as performance-related pay to improve and enhance the skills, values, ethics, and attitudes of the sales agents.

The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the performance-related rewards of sales agents in a real estate company in Makati City. The researcher used a self-made survey questionnaire that was validated and approved by an experienced statistician to assess the level of efficacy of performance-related rewards. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to 172 respondents that were determined using a convenience sampling technique. The responses obtained from the respondents through the questionnaires that were distributed were transferred into appropriate tables where they were sorted, ranked using frequency and percentages. The results of the study revealed that the sales agents of the real estate company prefer the mobile device to be the “very effective” performance-related rewards in motivating them, while car incentives, travel, free use of company-owned resorts, and commission ranked as “effective.” The last that obtained the lowest grand mean is the print media exposure ofperformance. This implies that the respondents look for rewards that are useful to them or has a monetary value. Basic needs or deficiency needs must be met first before growth needs. Given this, the company should tie basic needs to performance and create a more attractive pay or incentives, either in monetary or non-monetary form, that is useful and valuable. The company may include training sessions and seminars as performance-related pay to improve and enhance the skills, values, ethics, and attitudes of the sales agents.

Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) was initially conceived by the cognitive psychology at the 90s decade. Since its emergence, the LSA has been used to model cognitive processes, pointing out academic texts, compare literature works and analyse political speeches, among other applications. Taking as starting point multivariate method for dimensionality reduction, this paper propose a semantic space for Spanish language. Out results include a document text matrix with dimensions 1.3 x10^6 and 5.9x10^6, which later is decomposed into singular values. Those singular values are used to semantically words or text., Comment: 14 pages, in Spanish, 4 figures

Bakgrund: Applikationer för mobiltelefoner kan användas för understödjande av fysisk aktivitet och träning. En hälsorelaterad applikation med funktioner som kartläggning eller feedback och påminnelse kan användas för att främja fysisk aktivitet och träning men också fungera som ett arbetsverktyg för fysioterapeuter för samma syfte. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka fysioterapeuters och användares erfarenheter av att använda hälsofrämjande applikationer för fysisk aktivitet och träning. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ design i form av en intervjustudie med en induktiv ansats. Urvalet bestod av tre fysioterapeuter och tre användare där analysen av data genomfördes med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Intervjuerna resulterade i fem kategorier och 13 underkategorier berörande fysioterapeuter och användares erfarenheter av användandet applikationer för fysisk aktivitet och träning Kategorierna blev: applikationen ger feedback, applikationen underlättar kartläggning, känslomässiga reaktioner av applikationen, upplevda hinder med applikationen för en beteendeförändring och ökad motivation för fysisk träning och aktivitet. Slutsatser: Deltagarna i studien var överlag positiva till användandet av applikationer. Deltagarnas erfarenheter av applikationer pekar på att applikationer fungerar som ett bra hjälpmedel för att främja fysisk aktivitet och träning, samt fungerar också som ett hälsofrämjande arbetsverktyg för fysioterapeuter. Resultatet visade också på stress och frustration vid ouppnådda hälsomål. Nyckelord: Applikationer, ehälsa, fysioterapi, fysisk aktivitet, hälsofrämjande

The present article deals with the importance of Theory of Social Representations for studies that aim to know the relationship between museums and the society in which they are inserted, as it helps to understand what are and how representations of society about a museum were built through time. The analysis is based on research carried out in one of the oldest museums in Santa Catarina, Brazil, the Museum Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, located in Corupá. The field research interviewed one hundred and thirty people, written documentation analysis and iconographic documents, and the museum’s own exhibition. The results of the research showed that, although the Irmão Luiz Museum has an educational activity that is quite old and consolidated, it affects the local population very little, since the schools served are located, for the most part, outside the city. It also showed that the current exhibition is not attractive to the local population. Another finding was that the collection of taxidermized animals, although considered outdated in museographic terms, it is the most appreciated among those existing in the Museum. In this way, the analysis of the social representations about the museum allowed a redirection of the educational actions and the identification of a reality that was not visible in former researches., O presente artigo trata da importância da teoria das representações sociais para estudos que visem conhecer a relação dos museus com a sociedade em que estão inseridos, na medida em que ajuda a compreender quais são e como as representações da sociedade sobre determinado museu foram construídas através do tempo. A análise está baseada em pesquisa realizada em um dos museus mais antigos de Santa Catarina, o Museu Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, localizado em Corupá, e contou com pesquisa de campo em que se entrevistaram 130 pessoas, além da análise de documentação escrita, iconográfica e da própria exposição da instituição museal. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que, apesar de o Museu Irmão Luiz ter uma atuação educativa bastante antiga e consolidada, ela atinge pouco a população local, já que as escolas atendidas são, em sua maioria, de fora da cidade. Indicou, ainda, que a atual exposição não está sendo atrativa para a população local, já que esta não se identifica com o enfoque dado à amostra. Outra constatação foi de que, apesar de antiga e considerada ultrapassada em termos museográficos, é a coleção de animais taxidermizados que a população da cidade mais aprecia dentre as existentes no museu. Dessa forma, a análise das representações sociais sobre o museu possibilitou um redirecionamento das ações educativas ali apreendidas e a constatação de uma realidade que não era visível apenas pelas pesquisas de público ou com os usuários do projeto educativo., Este artículo aborda la importancia de la teoría de las representaciones sociales para estudios que tienen como objeto conocer la relación de los Museos con la sociedad donde están incorporados, eso ayuda a entender cuáles son y cómo las representaciones de la sociedad sobre determinado Museo fueron construidos a través del tiempo. El análisis se sustenta en estudios realizados en uno de los museos más antiguos de Santa Catarina, el Museo Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, situado en Corupá, Santa Catarina, Brasil, fue realizado una encuesta de campo, entrevistando a 130 personas, además del análisis de la documentación, iconográfica y de la propia exposición de la institución museal. Los resultados de la encuesta mostraron que, a pesar del museo Irmão Luiz tenía una actuación educativa muy antigua y consolidada, alcanza poco a la población local, porque las escuelas atendidas son en su mayoría, fuera de la ciudad. También mostró que la actual exposición no está siendo atractiva para la población local, porque ésta no se identifica con el enfoque dado a la muestra. Otro hallazgo fue, que es muy antiguo y considerado anticuado en términos de museográficos es la colección de animales disecados que la población de la ciudad más aprecia entre las existentes en el museo. Así, el análisis de las representaciones sociales sobre el museo posibilitó una redirección de las acciones educativas se agarró y la constatación de una realidad que no era visible sólo por las encuestas de público o con los usuarios del proyecto educativo.

The present article deals with the importance of Theory of Social Representations for studies that aim to know the relationship between museums and the society in which they are inserted, as it helps to understand what are and how representations of society about a museum were built through time. The analysis is based on research carried out in one of the oldest museums in Santa Catarina, Brazil, the Museum Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, located in Corupá. The field research interviewed one hundred and thirty people, written documentation analysis and iconographic documents, and the museum’s own exhibition. The results of the research showed that, although the Irmão Luiz Museum has an educational activity that is quite old and consolidated, it affects the local population very little, since the schools served are located, for the most part, outside the city. It also showed that the current exhibition is not attractive to the local population. Another finding was that the collection of taxidermized animals, although considered outdated in museographic terms, it is the most appreciated among those existing in the Museum. In this way, the analysis of the social representations about the museum allowed a redirection of the educational actions and the identification of a reality that was not visible in former researches., O presente artigo trata da importância da teoria das representações sociais para estudos que visem conhecer a relação dos museus com a sociedade em que estão inseridos, na medida em que ajuda a compreender quais são e como as representações da sociedade sobre determinado museu foram construídas através do tempo. A análise está baseada em pesquisa realizada em um dos museus mais antigos de Santa Catarina, o Museu Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, localizado em Corupá, e contou com pesquisa de campo em que se entrevistaram 130 pessoas, além da análise de documentação escrita, iconográfica e da própria exposição da instituição museal. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que, apesar de o Museu Irmão Luiz ter uma atuação educativa bastante antiga e consolidada, ela atinge pouco a população local, já que as escolas atendidas são, em sua maioria, de fora da cidade. Indicou, ainda, que a atual exposição não está sendo atrativa para a população local, já que esta não se identifica com o enfoque dado à amostra. Outra constatação foi de que, apesar de antiga e considerada ultrapassada em termos museográficos, é a coleção de animais taxidermizados que a população da cidade mais aprecia dentre as existentes no museu. Dessa forma, a análise das representações sociais sobre o museu possibilitou um redirecionamento das ações educativas ali apreendidas e a constatação de uma realidade que não era visível apenas pelas pesquisas de público ou com os usuários do projeto educativo., Este artículo aborda la importancia de la teoría de las representaciones sociales para estudios que tienen como objeto conocer la relación de los Museos con la sociedad donde están incorporados, eso ayuda a entender cuáles son y cómo las representaciones de la sociedad sobre determinado Museo fueron construidos a través del tiempo. El análisis se sustenta en estudios realizados en uno de los museos más antiguos de Santa Catarina, el Museo Irmão Luiz Godofredo Gartner, situado en Corupá, Santa Catarina, Brasil, fue realizado una encuesta de campo, entrevistando a 130 personas, además del análisis de la documentación, iconográfica y de la propia exposición de la institución museal. Los resultados de la encuesta mostraron que, a pesar del museo Irmão Luiz tenía una actuación educativa muy antigua y consolidada, alcanza poco a la población local, porque las escuelas atendidas son en su mayoría, fuera de la ciudad. También mostró que la actual exposición no está siendo atractiva para la población local, porque ésta no se identifica con el enfoque dado a la muestra. Otro hallazgo fue, que es muy antiguo y considerado anticuado en términos de museográficos es la colección de animales disecados que la población de la ciudad más aprecia entre las existentes en el museo. Así, el análisis de las representaciones sociales sobre el museo posibilitó una redirección de las acciones educativas se agarró y la constatación de una realidad que no era visible sólo por las encuestas de público o con los usuarios del proyecto educativo.

Bakgrund: Applikationer för mobiltelefoner kan användas för understödjande av fysisk aktivitet och träning. En hälsorelaterad applikation med funktioner som kartläggning eller feedback och påminnelse kan användas för att främja fysisk aktivitet och träning men också fungera som ett arbetsverktyg för fysioterapeuter för samma syfte. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka fysioterapeuters och användares erfarenheter av att använda hälsofrämjande applikationer för fysisk aktivitet och träning. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ design i form av en intervjustudie med en induktiv ansats. Urvalet bestod av tre fysioterapeuter och tre användare där analysen av data genomfördes med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Intervjuerna resulterade i fem kategorier och 13 underkategorier berörande fysioterapeuter och användares erfarenheter av användandet applikationer för fysisk aktivitet och träning Kategorierna blev: applikationen ger feedback, applikationen underlättar kartläggning, känslomässiga reaktioner av applikationen, upplevda hinder med applikationen för en beteendeförändring och ökad motivation för fysisk träning och aktivitet. Slutsatser: Deltagarna i studien var överlag positiva till användandet av applikationer. Deltagarnas erfarenheter av applikationer pekar på att applikationer fungerar som ett bra hjälpmedel för att främja fysisk aktivitet och träning, samt fungerar också som ett hälsofrämjande arbetsverktyg för fysioterapeuter. Resultatet visade också på stress och frustration vid ouppnådda hälsomål. Nyckelord: Applikationer, ehälsa, fysioterapi, fysisk aktivitet, hälsofrämjande

Leukemia is an uncontrolled proliferation hematopoietic cancer cells that commonly treats with conventional therapies such as chemotherapy. However, many side effects were reported. Alternative medicines have been developed by using natural or herb compounds as therapeutic drug. Sesamin, a class of phytoestrogen isolated from sesame seed displaying potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo.However, the mechanism by which sesamin mediates anticancer effects on leukemic cells are notfully understood. In thisstudy, the effects of sesamin on cell viability, cell apoptosis and expression of phosphoproteins in Molt-4 and NB4 leukemic cell lines were investigated using MTT assay, flow cytometry and immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) phosphoprotein enrichment and LC-MS, respectively. The results showed that sesamin reduced viability and induced apoptosis in leukemic cells. In addition, 79 phosphoproteins were identified from LC-MS within three main clusters including biological regulation, cellular processand metabolic process. Interestingly, nuclear antigen H731 (PDCD4) and CLIP-associating protein 2 isoform X25 (CLASP2) showed increased in sesamin treated cells and associated protein-ligand interaction network with allicin, capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, and rapamycin which are known to activate apoptosis in cancer cells.Then, sesamin could be developed as candidate of alternative leukemia treatment in the future.

This paper presents the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation in positive ground flashes. We analysed in detail the electric field changes occurring just before the first return stroke in 51 positive ground flashes during 2014 summer thunderstorms in Uppsala, Sweden. Pronounced leader pulses (having the same polarity as the return stroke) were observed in 22% of the cases. They were observed to occur within 1.4 ms before the first return stroke. Interpulse duration ranged from 13.3 to 50.3 μs with a mean value of 24.7 μs. The peak amplitude of the leader pulses relative to the return stroke peak ranged from 2.7 to 17.8%. The presence of these pulses shows that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. Based on the leader pulses’ time of initiation and average speed of the leader, the distance travelled by the leader was also estimated. One case of positive ground flash preceded by opposite polarity leader pulses just before the return stroke is also reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a case in positive ground flashes is reported. We suggest that these opposite polarity leader pulses are due to the negatively-charged leader branch of a bi-directional leader inside the cloud that propagates towards observation point.

This thesis focuses on the main processes in positive ground flashes and the distant lightning environment for both positive and negative ground flashes. It presents the characteristics of the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs), the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation, and the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes. It also features the observations of distant positive and negative ground flashes at distances up to 1000 km. The results were based on electric field measurements conducted remotely during summer thunderstorms in Sweden in 2014. We found that the majority of the positive ground flashes were preceded by PBPs. Some were preceded by more than one PBP train, and the parameter values for the subsequent PBP trains were found to be smaller than the values for the first PBP train. Three types of PBPs were also identified. The results suggest that the PBPs in positive ground flashes during summer thunderstorms in Sweden are weak, and the inverted dipole charge cloud configuration is consistent with our observation. A small percentage of these positive ground flashes were observed to be preceded by pronounced leader pulses. The presence of these pulses suggests that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. We inferred that these pulses were due to the upward-connecting negative leader since their characteristics were similar to those of a negative stepped leader. On the basis of the leader pulses’ time of initiation and the average speed of the leader, we estimated the distance travelled by the leader. One case of positive return stroke preceded by negative leader pulses was also observed, and the occurrence of these pulses was the first in positive ground flashes to be reported. The majority of these positive ground flashes were found to be single-stroke. Comparison between the first and the subsequent return strokes showed that the average durations of the sub

This thesis focuses on the main processes in positive ground flashes and the distant lightning environment for both positive and negative ground flashes. It presents the characteristics of the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs), the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation, and the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes. It also features the observations of distant positive and negative ground flashes at distances up to 1000 km. The results were based on electric field measurements conducted remotely during summer thunderstorms in Sweden in 2014. We found that the majority of the positive ground flashes were preceded by PBPs. Some were preceded by more than one PBP train, and the parameter values for the subsequent PBP trains were found to be smaller than the values for the first PBP train. Three types of PBPs were also identified. The results suggest that the PBPs in positive ground flashes during summer thunderstorms in Sweden are weak, and the inverted dipole charge cloud configuration is consistent with our observation. A small percentage of these positive ground flashes were observed to be preceded by pronounced leader pulses. The presence of these pulses suggests that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. We inferred that these pulses were due to the upward-connecting negative leader since their characteristics were similar to those of a negative stepped leader. On the basis of the leader pulses’ time of initiation and the average speed of the leader, we estimated the distance travelled by the leader. One case of positive return stroke preceded by negative leader pulses was also observed, and the occurrence of these pulses was the first in positive ground flashes to be reported. The majority of these positive ground flashes were found to be single-stroke. Comparison between the first and the subsequent return strokes showed that the average durations of the sub

This paper presents the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes observed in positive ground flashes in Sweden. Fifty one positive ground flashes containing 60 return strokes recorded during 2014 summer thunderstorms were analyzed. In our analysis, only 12% of the cases were multiple-stroke while 88% were single-stroke. On average, the number of strokes per flash was 1.20 and the highest number of strokes per flash recorded was four. The geometric mean (GM) value of the interstroke interval was 60 ms while the distance between the first and the subsequent strokes ranged between 4.9 and 46.4km. We found that the average duration of the subsequent strokes parameters were smaller than that of the first strokes. For the first strokes, the GM values of the slow front duration, the fast transition 10-to-90% risetime, the zero crossing time, the zero-to-peak risetime and the 10-to-90% risetime were 8.7 mu s, 1.4 mu s, 29 mu s, 11 mu s and 5.7 mu s, respectively while for the subsequent strokes, the values were 4.0 mu s 0.91 mu s, 11 mu s 5.8 mu s and 3.2 mu s, respectively. Possible reasons for the shorter duration of the subsequent return strokes parameters were discussed.

In this study, electromagnetic field radiation bursts known as chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) generated by lightning flashes were analyzed. Through a numerical analysis it was found that a typical CPT could be generated by superimposing several RPTs onto each other. It is suggested that the chaotic pulse trains are created by a superposition of several regular pulse trains. Since regular pulse trains are probably created by dart or dart-stepped leaders or K-changes inside the cloud, chaotic pulse trains are caused by the superposition of electric fields caused by more than one of these leaders or K-changes propagating simultaneously. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that one can find regular pulse trains either in the beginning, middle or later stages of chaotic pulse trains.

In this study, electromagnetic field radiation bursts known as chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) generated by lightning flashes were analyzed. Through a numerical analysis it was found that a typical CPT could be generated by superimposing several RPTs onto each other. It is suggested that the chaotic pulse trains are created by a superposition of several regular pulse trains. Since regular pulse trains are probably created by dart or dart-stepped leaders or K-changes inside the cloud, chaotic pulse trains are caused by the superposition of electric fields caused by more than one of these leaders or K-changes propagating simultaneously. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that one can find regular pulse trains either in the beginning, middle or later stages of chaotic pulse trains.

In this study, electromagnetic field radiation bursts known as chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) generated by lightning flashes were analyzed. Through a numerical analysis it was found that a typical CPT could be generated by superimposing several RPTs onto each other. It is suggested that the chaotic pulse trains are created by a superposition of several regular pulse trains. Since regular pulse trains are probably created by dart or dart-stepped leaders or K-changes inside the cloud, chaotic pulse trains are caused by the superposition of electric fields caused by more than one of these leaders or K-changes propagating simultaneously. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that one can find regular pulse trains either in the beginning, middle or later stages of chaotic pulse trains.

SHAH ALAM – Pejabat Pendaftar, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) memenangi Anugerah Khas Creanova Lean 2017 pada majlis yang dianjurkan Perbadanan Produktiviti Malaysia (MPC) di Hotel Grand Blue Wave, Shah Alam baru-baru ini.

The school groups were the first teaching order in Santa Catarina during the republican period and the buildings were built in the central areas of the main cities, allowing them to have a high social profile. The School Group Conselheiro Mafra in Joinville/SC was the first of the seven groups that make up the first generation of school groups in Santa Catarina, inaugurated in 1911. This article presents a research that sought to identify and analyze the social representations about the Conselheiro Mafra College. Were analyzed the reports published by the newspaper A Notícia on the occasion of the centenary of the college, when reports were published between October 31 and November 15, 2011, telling stories, bringing testimonies and photographs to commemorate this mark. These reports present evidence of the individuals’ representations about this cultural cultural heritage inserted in the contemporary everyday life of the city. Within this, it is proposed a problematization of this school group as Santa Catarina’s school heritage, considering that it is one of the buildings that represent the republican project of modernization of the country that from the school tried to print its vision of the world and the formation of individuals who were part of this new model of nation. Even with changes in the name of the school, the name School Group is still a very strong representation of these spaces., Os grupos escolares foram a primeira ordenação do ensino catarinense no período republicano, e os prédios foram construídos nas áreas centrais das principais cidades, possibilitando a eles grande visibilidade social. O Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Mafra, inaugurado em 1911 em Joinville (SC), foi a primeira das sete instituições que compõem a primeira geração dos grupos escolares em Santa Catarina. O presenteartigo apresenta uma pesquisa que procurou identificar e analisar as representações sociais sobre o colégio Conselheiro Mafra. Analisaram-se as reportagens veiculadas pelo jornal A Notícia por ocasião do centenário do colégio, as quais foram publicadas entre 31 de outubro e 15 de novembro de 2011, contando histórias e trazendo depoimentos e fotografias para comemorar esse marco. As reportagens apresentamindícios das representações dos indivíduos sobre esse patrimônio cultural escolar inserido no cotidiano contemporâneo da cidade. Com base nisso, propõe-se uma problematização desse grupo escolar enquanto patrimônio escolar catarinense, por ser um dos prédios que representam o projeto republicano de modernização do país, que por meio da escola buscou imprimir sua visão de mundo e a formação de indivíduos que fizessem parte do novo modelo de nação. Mesmo com alterações nadenominação da escola, o nome “grupo escolar” ainda é uma representação muito forte desses espaços., Los grupos escolares fueron la primera ordenación del centro de estudios catarinense en el período republicano y los edificios fueron construidos en las áreas centrales de las ciudades principales, posibilitando que tuviesen gran visibilidad social. El Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Mafra en Joinville / SC fue el primero de los siete grupos que componen la primera generación de los grupos escolares en Santa Catarina, inaugurado en 1911. El presente artículo presenta una pesquisa que busca y identifica como representaciones sociales sobre el colegio Conselheiro Mafra. Fueran analizadas las noticias vehiculadas por el periódico A Notícia por ocasión del centenario del colegio, cuando fueron publicadas entre 31 de octubre y 15 de noviembre de 2011 artículos contando historias, trayendo testimonios y fotografías para celebrar este evento. Esos reportajes presentan indicios de las representaciones de los individuos sobre este patrimonio cultural insertado en el cotidiano contemporáneo de la ciudad. Dentro de esto, se propone una indagación del grupo escolar como patrimonio escolar catarinense, considerando que es uno de los predios que representan el proyecto republicano de modernización del país que a partir de la escuela buscó imprimir su visión de mundo y la formación de individuos que hicieron parte de ese nuevo modelo de nación. Mismo con alteraciones de la denominación de la escuela, el nombre del Grupo Escolar todavía es una representación muy fuerte de los espacios.

The school groups were the first teaching order in Santa Catarina during the republican period and the buildings were built in the central areas of the main cities, allowing them to have a high social profile. The School Group Conselheiro Mafra in Joinville/SC was the first of the seven groups that make up the first generation of school groups in Santa Catarina, inaugurated in 1911. This article presents a research that sought to identify and analyze the social representations about the Conselheiro Mafra College. Were analyzed the reports published by the newspaper A Notícia on the occasion of the centenary of the college, when reports were published between October 31 and November 15, 2011, telling stories, bringing testimonies and photographs to commemorate this mark. These reports present evidence of the individuals’ representations about this cultural cultural heritage inserted in the contemporary everyday life of the city. Within this, it is proposed a problematization of this school group as Santa Catarina’s school heritage, considering that it is one of the buildings that represent the republican project of modernization of the country that from the school tried to print its vision of the world and the formation of individuals who were part of this new model of nation. Even with changes in the name of the school, the name School Group is still a very strong representation of these spaces., Os grupos escolares foram a primeira ordenação do ensino catarinense no período republicano, e os prédios foram construídos nas áreas centrais das principais cidades, possibilitando a eles grande visibilidade social. O Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Mafra, inaugurado em 1911 em Joinville (SC), foi a primeira das sete instituições que compõem a primeira geração dos grupos escolares em Santa Catarina. O presenteartigo apresenta uma pesquisa que procurou identificar e analisar as representações sociais sobre o colégio Conselheiro Mafra. Analisaram-se as reportagens veiculadas pelo jornal A Notícia por ocasião do centenário do colégio, as quais foram publicadas entre 31 de outubro e 15 de novembro de 2011, contando histórias e trazendo depoimentos e fotografias para comemorar esse marco. As reportagens apresentamindícios das representações dos indivíduos sobre esse patrimônio cultural escolar inserido no cotidiano contemporâneo da cidade. Com base nisso, propõe-se uma problematização desse grupo escolar enquanto patrimônio escolar catarinense, por ser um dos prédios que representam o projeto republicano de modernização do país, que por meio da escola buscou imprimir sua visão de mundo e a formação de indivíduos que fizessem parte do novo modelo de nação. Mesmo com alterações nadenominação da escola, o nome “grupo escolar” ainda é uma representação muito forte desses espaços., Los grupos escolares fueron la primera ordenación del centro de estudios catarinense en el período republicano y los edificios fueron construidos en las áreas centrales de las ciudades principales, posibilitando que tuviesen gran visibilidad social. El Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Mafra en Joinville / SC fue el primero de los siete grupos que componen la primera generación de los grupos escolares en Santa Catarina, inaugurado en 1911. El presente artículo presenta una pesquisa que busca y identifica como representaciones sociales sobre el colegio Conselheiro Mafra. Fueran analizadas las noticias vehiculadas por el periódico A Notícia por ocasión del centenario del colegio, cuando fueron publicadas entre 31 de octubre y 15 de noviembre de 2011 artículos contando historias, trayendo testimonios y fotografías para celebrar este evento. Esos reportajes presentan indicios de las representaciones de los individuos sobre este patrimonio cultural insertado en el cotidiano contemporáneo de la ciudad. Dentro de esto, se propone una indagación del grupo escolar como patrimonio escolar catarinense, considerando que es uno de los predios que representan el proyecto republicano de modernización del país que a partir de la escuela buscó imprimir su visión de mundo y la formación de individuos que hicieron parte de ese nuevo modelo de nación. Mismo con alteraciones de la denominación de la escuela, el nombre del Grupo Escolar todavía es una representación muy fuerte de los espacios.

This thesis focuses on the main processes in positive ground flashes and the distant lightning environment for both positive and negative ground flashes. It presents the characteristics of the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs), the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation, and the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes. It also features the observations of distant positive and negative ground flashes at distances up to 1000 km. The results were based on electric field measurements conducted remotely during summer thunderstorms in Sweden in 2014. We found that the majority of the positive ground flashes were preceded by PBPs. Some were preceded by more than one PBP train, and the parameter values for the subsequent PBP trains were found to be smaller than the values for the first PBP train. Three types of PBPs were also identified. The results suggest that the PBPs in positive ground flashes during summer thunderstorms in Sweden are weak, and the inverted dipole charge cloud configuration is consistent with our observation. A small percentage of these positive ground flashes were observed to be preceded by pronounced leader pulses. The presence of these pulses suggests that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. We inferred that these pulses were due to the upward-connecting negative leader since their characteristics were similar to those of a negative stepped leader. On the basis of the leader pulses’ time of initiation and the average speed of the leader, we estimated the distance travelled by the leader. One case of positive return stroke preceded by negative leader pulses was also observed, and the occurrence of these pulses was the first in positive ground flashes to be reported. The majority of these positive ground flashes were found to be single-stroke. Comparison between the first and the subsequent return strokes showed that the average durations of the sub

In this study, electromagnetic field radiation bursts known as chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) generated by lightning flashes were analyzed. Through a numerical analysis it was found that a typical CPT could be generated by superimposing several RPTs onto each other. It is suggested that the chaotic pulse trains are created by a superposition of several regular pulse trains. Since regular pulse trains are probably created by dart or dart-stepped leaders or K-changes inside the cloud, chaotic pulse trains are caused by the superposition of electric fields caused by more than one of these leaders or K-changes propagating simultaneously. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that one can find regular pulse trains either in the beginning, middle or later stages of chaotic pulse trains.

SHAH ALAM – Pejabat Pendaftar, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) memenangi Anugerah Khas Creanova Lean 2017 pada majlis yang dianjurkan Perbadanan Produktiviti Malaysia (MPC) di Hotel Grand Blue Wave, Shah Alam baru-baru ini.

SHAH ALAM – Pejabat Pendaftar, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) memenangi Anugerah Khas Creanova Lean 2017 pada majlis yang dianjurkan Perbadanan Produktiviti Malaysia (MPC) di Hotel Grand Blue Wave, Shah Alam baru-baru ini.

This thesis focuses on the main processes in positive ground flashes and the distant lightning environment for both positive and negative ground flashes. It presents the characteristics of the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs), the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation, and the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes. It also features the observations of distant positive and negative ground flashes at distances up to 1000 km. The results were based on electric field measurements conducted remotely during summer thunderstorms in Sweden in 2014. We found that the majority of the positive ground flashes were preceded by PBPs. Some were preceded by more than one PBP train, and the parameter values for the subsequent PBP trains were found to be smaller than the values for the first PBP train. Three types of PBPs were also identified. The results suggest that the PBPs in positive ground flashes during summer thunderstorms in Sweden are weak, and the inverted dipole charge cloud configuration is consistent with our observation. A small percentage of these positive ground flashes were observed to be preceded by pronounced leader pulses. The presence of these pulses suggests that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. We inferred that these pulses were due to the upward-connecting negative leader since their characteristics were similar to those of a negative stepped leader. On the basis of the leader pulses’ time of initiation and the average speed of the leader, we estimated the distance travelled by the leader. One case of positive return stroke preceded by negative leader pulses was also observed, and the occurrence of these pulses was the first in positive ground flashes to be reported. The majority of these positive ground flashes were found to be single-stroke. Comparison between the first and the subsequent return strokes showed that the average durations of the sub

This thesis focuses on the main processes in positive ground flashes and the distant lightning environment for both positive and negative ground flashes. It presents the characteristics of the preliminary breakdown pulses (PBPs), the characteristics of the electric field pulses observed during leader propagation, and the characteristics of the electric fields produced by the first and the subsequent return strokes. It also features the observations of distant positive and negative ground flashes at distances up to 1000 km. The results were based on electric field measurements conducted remotely during summer thunderstorms in Sweden in 2014. We found that the majority of the positive ground flashes were preceded by PBPs. Some were preceded by more than one PBP train, and the parameter values for the subsequent PBP trains were found to be smaller than the values for the first PBP train. Three types of PBPs were also identified. The results suggest that the PBPs in positive ground flashes during summer thunderstorms in Sweden are weak, and the inverted dipole charge cloud configuration is consistent with our observation. A small percentage of these positive ground flashes were observed to be preceded by pronounced leader pulses. The presence of these pulses suggests that the leaders propagate in a stepped manner. We inferred that these pulses were due to the upward-connecting negative leader since their characteristics were similar to those of a negative stepped leader. On the basis of the leader pulses’ time of initiation and the average speed of the leader, we estimated the distance travelled by the leader. One case of positive return stroke preceded by negative leader pulses was also observed, and the occurrence of these pulses was the first in positive ground flashes to be reported. The majority of these positive ground flashes were found to be single-stroke. Comparison between the first and the subsequent return strokes showed that the average durations of the sub

In this study, electromagnetic field radiation bursts known as chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) generated by lightning flashes were analyzed. Through a numerical analysis it was found that a typical CPT could be generated by superimposing several RPTs onto each other. It is suggested that the chaotic pulse trains are created by a superposition of several regular pulse trains. Since regular pulse trains are probably created by dart or dart-stepped leaders or K-changes inside the cloud, chaotic pulse trains are caused by the superposition of electric fields caused by more than one of these leaders or K-changes propagating simultaneously. The hypothesis is supported by the fact that one can find regular pulse trains either in the beginning, middle or later stages of chaotic pulse trains.