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1. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

Author: Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, Roettger, Timo B., Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, and Roettger, Timo B.
Abstract: Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis which can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling, but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In the present study, we gave the same speech production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting insubstantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further find little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
Published: 2023

2. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

Author: Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, Roettger, Timo B., Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, and Roettger, Timo B.
Abstract: Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis which can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling, but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In the present study, we gave the same speech production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting insubstantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further find little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
Published: 2023

3. Does a decade of soil organic fertilization promote copper and zinc bioavailability to an epi-endogeic earthworm?

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Blanchart, Eric, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Blanchart, Eric, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: While long-term organic fertilizer (OF) applications tend to decrease copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) availability in agricultural soils, earthworm bioturbation has been reported to have the opposite effect. Thus, the consequences of OF amendments in earthworm-inhabited soils on Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms are still under debate. Here, we assessed the effect of a decade of agronomically realistic OF applications on Cu and Zn availability in earthworm-inhabited soils and the consequences on Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms. An epi-endogeic species (Dichogaster saliens) was exposed in microcosms to three field-collected soils that had received either no, mineral, or organic fertilization for a decade. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) properties (i.e., concentration, aromaticity, and binding properties toward Cu), pH, and Cu and Zn availability (i.e., total concentration and free ionic activity) were determined in the solution of the soil containing earthworms. Cu and Zn bioavailability was assessed by measuring the net accumulation (ng) and concentration of Cu and Zn in earthworms (mg kg−1). Despite soil Cu and Zn contamination induced by a decade of OF applications, organic fertilization induced an increase in soil pH and DOM properties that drove the reduction of Cu and Zn availability in earthworm-inhabited soils, while bioturbation had little effect on soil pH, DOM properties, and Cu and Zn availability. Consistently, Cu and Zn bioavailability to earthworms did not increase with OF applications. From an ecotoxicological perspective, our results suggest that agronomically realistic applications of OF for a decade should not pose a risk to earthworms in terms of Cu and Zn net accumulation, but further studies have to be undertaken to understand consequent long-term toxicity after exposure.
Published: 2023

4. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

Author: Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, Roettger, Timo B., Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, and Roettger, Timo B.
Abstract: Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis which can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling, but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In the present study, we gave the same speech production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting insubstantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further find little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
Published: 2023

5. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

Author: Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, Roettger, Timo B., Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V, Roessig, Simon, Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., AlShakhori, Mohammed K., Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, Baira A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariska, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxo-Lugo, Andres, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Du, Fengting, Dubuis, Margaux, Dueme, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elsherif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanuel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-McKee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, Garcia, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena S., Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Magat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J. H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Mackay, Bradley, MacLeod, Bethany, Mallard, Mel, McConnellogue, Carol-Ann Mary, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadic, Filip, Nieder, Jessica, Nikolic, Dusan, Nogueira, Francisco G. S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodriguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Roer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Soskuthy, Marton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph, Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomaschek, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Inigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zarate-Sanchez, German, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, and Roettger, Timo B.
Abstract: Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis which can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling, but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In the present study, we gave the same speech production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting insubstantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further find little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
Published: 2023

6. Multidimensional Signals and Analytic Flexibility: Estimating Degrees of Freedom in Human-Speech Analyses

Author: Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V., Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., ALShakhori, Mohammed, Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariška, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxó-Lugo, Andrés, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Fengting, Du, Dubuis, Margaux, Duême, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elserif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-Mckee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, García, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena, Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Mágat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J.H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadić, Filip, Nikolić, Dušan, Nogueira, Francisco G.S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodríguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Röer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Sóskuthy, Márton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph A., Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomascheck, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Iñigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Xiao Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zárate-Sández, Germán, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, Roettger, Timo B., Coretta, Stefano, Casillas, Joseph V., Franke, Michael, Ahn, Byron, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., Al-Tamimi, Jalal, Alotaibi, Najd E., ALShakhori, Mohammed, Altmiller, Ruth M., Arantes, Pablo, Athanasopoulou, Angeliki, Baese-Berk, Melissa M., Bailey, George, A Sangma, Cheman, Beier, Eleonora J., Benavides, Gabriela M., Benker, Nicole, BensonMeyer, Emelia P., Benway, Nina R., Berry, Grant M., Bing, Liwen, Bjorndahl, Christina, Bolyanatz, Mariška, Braver, Aaron, Brown, Violet A., Brown, Alicia M., Brugos, Alejna, Buchanan, Erin M., Butlin, Tanna, Buxó-Lugo, Andrés, Caillol, Coline, Cangemi, Francesco, Carignan, Christopher, Carraturo, Sita, Caudrelier, Tiphaine, Chodroff, Eleanor, Cohn, Michelle, Cronenberg, Johanna, Crouzet, Olivier, Dagar, Erica L., Dawson, Charlotte, Diantoro, Carissa A., Dokovova, Marie, Drake, Shiloh, Fengting, Du, Dubuis, Margaux, Duême, Florent, Durward, Matthew, Egurtzegi, Ander, Elserif, Mahmoud M., Esser, Janina, Ferragne, Emmanel, Ferreira, Fernanda, Fink, Lauren K., Finley, Sara, Foster, Kurtis, Foulkes, Paul, Franzke, Rosa, Frazer-Mckee, Gabriel, Fromont, Robert, García, Christina, Geller, Jason, Grasso, Camille L., Greca, Pia, Grice, Martine, Grose-Hodge, Magdalena, Gully, Amelia J., Halfacre, Caitlin, Hauser, Ivy, Hay, Jen, Haywood, Robert, Hellmuth, Sam, Hilger, Allison I., Holliday, Nicole, Hoogland, Damar, Huang, Yaqian, Hughes, Vincent, Icardo Isasa, Ane, Ilchovska, Zlatomira G., Jeon, Hae-Sung, Jones, Jacq, Junges, Mágat N., Kaefer, Stephanie, Kaland, Constantijn, Kelley, Matthew C., Kelly, Niamh E., Kettig, Thomas, Khattab, Ghada, Koolen, Ruud, Krahmer, Emiel, Krajewska, Dorota, Krug, Andreas, Kumar, Abhilasha A., Lander, Anna, Lentz, Tomas O., Li, Wanyin, Li, Yanyu, Lialiou, Maria, Lima Jr., Ronaldo M., Lo, Justin J.H., Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, Moroz, George, Murali, Mridhula, Nalborczyk, Ladislas, Nenadić, Filip, Nikolić, Dušan, Nogueira, Francisco G.S., Offerman, Heather M., Passoni, Elisa, Pelissier, Maud, Perry, Scott J., Pfiffner, Alexandra M., Proctor, Michael, Rhodes, Ryan, Rodríguez, Nicole, Roepke, Elizabeth, Röer, Jan P., Sbacco, Lucia, Scarborough, Rebecca, Schaeffler, Felix, Schleef, Erik, Schmitz, Dominic, Shiryaev, Alexander, Sóskuthy, Márton, Spaniol, Malin, Stanley, Joseph A., Strickler, Alyssa, Tavano, Alessandro, Tomascheck, Fabian, Tucker, Benjamin V., Turnbull, Rory, Ugwuanyi, Kingsley O., Urrestarazu-Porta, Iñigo, van de Vijver, Ruben, Van Engen, Kristin J., van Miltenburg, Emiel, Xiao Wang, Bruce, Warner, Natasha, Wehrle, Simon, Westerbeek, Hans, Wiener, Seth, Winters, Stephen, Wong, Sidney G.-J., Wood, Anna, Wottawa, Jane, Xu, Chenzi, Zárate-Sández, Germán, Zellou, Georgia, Zhang, Cong, Zhu, Jian, and Roettger, Timo B.
Abstract: Published on 20 July 2023, Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis that can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In this study, we gave the same speech-production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting in substantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further found little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise, or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system, and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
Published: 2023

7. Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories

Author: Pesce, Stephane, Mamy, Laure, Sanchez, Wilfried, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Mongruel, Remi, Munaron, Dominique, Aviron, Stephanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Dtephane, Bureau‑point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michael, Corio‑costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Agnes, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin‑laurent, Fabrice, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Celine, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Alliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie, Pesce, Stephane, Mamy, Laure, Sanchez, Wilfried, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Mongruel, Remi, Munaron, Dominique, Aviron, Stephanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Dtephane, Bureau‑point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michael, Corio‑costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Agnes, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin‑laurent, Fabrice, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Celine, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Alliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, and Leenhardt, Sophie
Abstract: Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020–2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA’s main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.
Published: 2023
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8. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Rapport d'ESCo

Author: Douzals, Jean-Paul, Ris, Nicolas, Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Ris, Nicolas, Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Dans le cadre du Plan Ecophyto II+, qui organise les moyens mis en oeuvre par le gouvernement français pour réduire les usages de produits phytopharmaceutiques, différents travaux d'expertise scientifique sont conduits de manière complémentaire. L'Inserm a présenté en juin 2021 les résultats d'une expertise collective dont il avait été saisi sur les effets des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la santé humaine, intitulée Pesticides et santé – Nouvelles données. La présente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) est quant à elle centrée sur les impacts de ces produits sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Une autre ESCo restituée à l'automne 2022 porte sur la gestion des couverts végétaux pour réguler les bioagresseurs des cultures. Les ESCo ont pour objet d'établir un état des lieux et une analyse critique des connaissances scientifiques disponibles au niveau mondial sur des sujets aux dimensions multiples. Cette analyse est réalisée par un collège pluridisciplinaire d'experts scientifiques appartenant à des organismes publics de recherche ou d'enseignement supérieur. Commandée en mars 2020 par le ministère de la Transition Ecologique, le ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation et le ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, la présente expertise a été confiée à INRAE et à l'Ifremer. Elle actualise et complète les travaux antérieurs qui avaient été restitués en 2005 sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement, et en 2008 sur Agriculture et biodiversité. Les résultats sont publiés sur les sites internet d'INRAE et de l'Ifremer sous trois formats de documents disponibles en ligne. Le présent rapport comporte un rappel des éléments de contexte de l'expertise, la description de la méthode mise en oeuvre et de l'ensemble de la bibliographie qui intègre plus de 4 000 références, les éléments de cadrage scientifique de l'ESCo, l'ensemble des analyses produites par les experts, ainsi que les conclusions générales qui en découlent. La
Published: 2022

9. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques- Résumé de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

Author: Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Achard, Anne-Laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Delebarre, Estelle, Doussan, Isabelle, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Larras, Floriane, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Achard, Anne-Laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Delebarre, Estelle, Doussan, Isabelle, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Larras, Floriane, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Published: 2022

10. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques - Synthèse de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

Author: Douzals, Jean-Paul, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Chaque année, entre 55000 et 70000 tonnes de substances actives phytopharmaceutiques, incluant celles utilisables en agriculture biologique et de biocontrôle, sont vendues sur le territoire français métropolitain et d'outre-mer et sont utilisées pour la protection des cultures ou l'entretien des jardins, espaces végétalisés et infrastructures (JEVI). Dans le même temps, le rapport sur l'évaluation mondiale de la biodiversité et des services écosystémiques établi en 2019 par la Plateforme intergouvernementale scientifique et politique sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques (IPBES) dresse le bilan alarmant d'une érosion sans précédent de la biodiversité. La pollution chimique générée par les activités humaines, incluant les produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP), est identifiée parmi les causes de cette érosion. Cette pollution s'ajoute à d'autres pressions, comme les destructions d'habitats causées par l'urbanisation, l'intensification des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles, et les conséquences du changement climatique. Face à ce constat, la réglementation européenne en matière de mise sur le marché des PPP vise un degré élevé de protection, avec en particulier pour principe d'éviter tout effet inacceptable sur l'environnement. Toutefois, elle ne parvient pas complètement à atteindre cet objectif, en raison notamment d'une prise en compte insuffisante de la diversité des interactions telles qu'elles se produisent dans l'environnement (entre substances, entre organismes, avec une variété de facteurs physico-chimiques, etc.). C'est dans ce contexte que les ministres chargés de l'Environnement, de l'Agriculture et de la Recherche ont sollicité INRAE et l'Ifremer pour réaliser un état des lieux des connaissances scientifiques relatives aux impacts des PPP sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. La précédente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) portant sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement avait été réalisée en 2005. Le présent exercice con
Published: 2022

11. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques.

Author: Leenhardt, Sophie (coord.), Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, Sanchez, Wilfried, Achard, Anne-laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Mickael, Corio-costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Marie-agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Remi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie (coord.), Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, Sanchez, Wilfried, Achard, Anne-laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Mickael, Corio-costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Marie-agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Remi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Chaque année, entre 55000 et 70000 tonnes de substances actives phytopharmaceutiques, incluant celles utilisables en agriculture biologique et de biocontrôle, sontvendues sur le territoire français métropolitain et d’outre-meret sont utilisées pour la protection des cultures ou l’entretien des jardins, espaces végétalisés et infrastructures (JEVI). Dans le même temps, le rapport sur l’évaluation mondiale de la biodiversité et des services écosystémiques établi en 2019 par la Plateforme intergouvernementale scientifique et politique sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques(IPBES) dresse le bilan alarmant d’une érosion sans précédent de la biodiversité. La pollution chimique générée par les activités humaines, incluant les produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP), est identifiée parmi les causes de cette érosion. Cette pollution s’ajoute à d’autres pressions, comme les destructions d’habitats causées par l’urbanisation, l’intensification des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles, et les conséquences duchangement climatique. Face à ce constat, la réglementation européenne en matière de mise sur le marché des PPP vise un degré élevé de protection, avec en particulier pour principe d’éviter tout effet inacceptable sur l’environnement. Toutefois, elle ne parvient pas complètement à atteindre cet objectif, en raison notamment d’une prise en compte insuffisante dela diversité des interactions telles qu’elles se produisent dans l’environnement (entre substances, entre organismes, avec une variété de facteurs physico-chimiques, etc.). C’est dans ce contexte que les ministres chargés de l’Environnement, de l’Agriculture et de la Recherche ont sollicité INRAE et l’Ifremer pour réaliser un état des lieux des connaissances scientifiques relatives aux impacts des PPP sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. La précédente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) portant sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement avait été réalisée en 2005. Le présent exercice consiste
Published: 2022

12. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques.

Author: Leenhardt, Sophie (coord.), Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, Sanchez, Wilfried, Achard, Anne-laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Mickael, Corio-costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Marie-agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Remi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie (coord.), Mamy, Laure, Pesce, Stéphane, Sanchez, Wilfried, Achard, Anne-laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Bérard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Mickael, Corio-costet, Marie-france, Coutellec, Marie-agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Faburé, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy, Véronique, Hedde, Mickael, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Remi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nélieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine, Sucré, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Chaque année, entre 55000 et 70000 tonnes de substances actives phytopharmaceutiques, incluant celles utilisables en agriculture biologique et de biocontrôle, sontvendues sur le territoire français métropolitain et d’outre-meret sont utilisées pour la protection des cultures ou l’entretien des jardins, espaces végétalisés et infrastructures (JEVI). Dans le même temps, le rapport sur l’évaluation mondiale de la biodiversité et des services écosystémiques établi en 2019 par la Plateforme intergouvernementale scientifique et politique sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques(IPBES) dresse le bilan alarmant d’une érosion sans précédent de la biodiversité. La pollution chimique générée par les activités humaines, incluant les produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP), est identifiée parmi les causes de cette érosion. Cette pollution s’ajoute à d’autres pressions, comme les destructions d’habitats causées par l’urbanisation, l’intensification des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles, et les conséquences duchangement climatique. Face à ce constat, la réglementation européenne en matière de mise sur le marché des PPP vise un degré élevé de protection, avec en particulier pour principe d’éviter tout effet inacceptable sur l’environnement. Toutefois, elle ne parvient pas complètement à atteindre cet objectif, en raison notamment d’une prise en compte insuffisante dela diversité des interactions telles qu’elles se produisent dans l’environnement (entre substances, entre organismes, avec une variété de facteurs physico-chimiques, etc.). C’est dans ce contexte que les ministres chargés de l’Environnement, de l’Agriculture et de la Recherche ont sollicité INRAE et l’Ifremer pour réaliser un état des lieux des connaissances scientifiques relatives aux impacts des PPP sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. La précédente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) portant sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement avait été réalisée en 2005. Le présent exercice consiste
Published: 2022

13. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Rapport d'ESCo

Author: Douzals, Jean-Paul, Ris, Nicolas, Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Ris, Nicolas, Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Dans le cadre du Plan Ecophyto II+, qui organise les moyens mis en oeuvre par le gouvernement français pour réduire les usages de produits phytopharmaceutiques, différents travaux d'expertise scientifique sont conduits de manière complémentaire. L'Inserm a présenté en juin 2021 les résultats d'une expertise collective dont il avait été saisi sur les effets des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la santé humaine, intitulée Pesticides et santé – Nouvelles données. La présente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) est quant à elle centrée sur les impacts de ces produits sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Une autre ESCo restituée à l'automne 2022 porte sur la gestion des couverts végétaux pour réguler les bioagresseurs des cultures. Les ESCo ont pour objet d'établir un état des lieux et une analyse critique des connaissances scientifiques disponibles au niveau mondial sur des sujets aux dimensions multiples. Cette analyse est réalisée par un collège pluridisciplinaire d'experts scientifiques appartenant à des organismes publics de recherche ou d'enseignement supérieur. Commandée en mars 2020 par le ministère de la Transition Ecologique, le ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation et le ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, la présente expertise a été confiée à INRAE et à l'Ifremer. Elle actualise et complète les travaux antérieurs qui avaient été restitués en 2005 sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement, et en 2008 sur Agriculture et biodiversité. Les résultats sont publiés sur les sites internet d'INRAE et de l'Ifremer sous trois formats de documents disponibles en ligne. Le présent rapport comporte un rappel des éléments de contexte de l'expertise, la description de la méthode mise en oeuvre et de l'ensemble de la bibliographie qui intègre plus de 4 000 références, les éléments de cadrage scientifique de l'ESCo, l'ensemble des analyses produites par les experts, ainsi que les conclusions générales qui en découlent. La
Published: 2022

14. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques- Résumé de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

Author: Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Achard, Anne-Laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Delebarre, Estelle, Doussan, Isabelle, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Larras, Floriane, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Achard, Anne-Laure, Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Delebarre, Estelle, Doussan, Isabelle, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Larras, Floriane, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Le Gall, Morgane, Le Perchec, Sophie, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Published: 2022

15. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques - Synthèse de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

Author: Douzals, Jean-Paul, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, Tournebize, Julien, Douzals, Jean-Paul, Leenhardt, Sophie (ed.), Mamy, Laure (ed.), Pesce, Stéphane (ed.), Sanchez, Wilfried (ed.), Amichot, Marcel, Artigas, Joan, Aviron, Stéphanie, Barthélémy, Carole, Beaudouin, Rémy, Bedos, Carole, Berard, Annette, Berny, Philippe, Bertrand, Cédric, Bertrand, Colette, Betoulle, Stéphane, Bureau-Point, Eve, Charles, Sandrine, Chaumot, Arnaud, Chauvel, Bruno, Coeurdassier, Michaël, Corio-Costet, Marie-France, Coutellec, Marie-Agnès, Crouzet, Olivier, Doussan, Isabelle, Fabure, Juliette, Fritsch, Clémentine, Gallai, Nicola, Gonzalez, Patrice, Gouy-Boussada, Véronique, Hedde, Mickaël, Langlais, Alexandra, Le Bellec, Fabrice, Leboulanger, Christophe, Margoum, Christelle, Martin-Laurent, Fabrice, Mongruel, Rémi, Morin, Soizic, Mougin, Christian, Munaron, Dominique, Nelieu, Sylvie, Pelosi, Céline, Rault, Magali, Ris, Nicolas, Sabater, Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn, Sabine, Sucre, Eliott, Thomas, Marielle, and Tournebize, Julien
Abstract: Chaque année, entre 55000 et 70000 tonnes de substances actives phytopharmaceutiques, incluant celles utilisables en agriculture biologique et de biocontrôle, sont vendues sur le territoire français métropolitain et d'outre-mer et sont utilisées pour la protection des cultures ou l'entretien des jardins, espaces végétalisés et infrastructures (JEVI). Dans le même temps, le rapport sur l'évaluation mondiale de la biodiversité et des services écosystémiques établi en 2019 par la Plateforme intergouvernementale scientifique et politique sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques (IPBES) dresse le bilan alarmant d'une érosion sans précédent de la biodiversité. La pollution chimique générée par les activités humaines, incluant les produits phytopharmaceutiques (PPP), est identifiée parmi les causes de cette érosion. Cette pollution s'ajoute à d'autres pressions, comme les destructions d'habitats causées par l'urbanisation, l'intensification des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles, et les conséquences du changement climatique. Face à ce constat, la réglementation européenne en matière de mise sur le marché des PPP vise un degré élevé de protection, avec en particulier pour principe d'éviter tout effet inacceptable sur l'environnement. Toutefois, elle ne parvient pas complètement à atteindre cet objectif, en raison notamment d'une prise en compte insuffisante de la diversité des interactions telles qu'elles se produisent dans l'environnement (entre substances, entre organismes, avec une variété de facteurs physico-chimiques, etc.). C'est dans ce contexte que les ministres chargés de l'Environnement, de l'Agriculture et de la Recherche ont sollicité INRAE et l'Ifremer pour réaliser un état des lieux des connaissances scientifiques relatives aux impacts des PPP sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. La précédente expertise scientifique collective (ESCo) portant sur Pesticides, agriculture et environnement avait été réalisée en 2005. Le présent exercice con
Published: 2022

16. Increased soil pH and dissolved organic matter after a decade of organic fertilizer application mitigates copper and zinc availability despite contamination

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Tillard, Emmanuel, Lecomte, Philippe, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Tillard, Emmanuel, Lecomte, Philippe, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Long-term organic fertilizer (OF) application on agricultural soils is known to induce soil Cu and Zn contamination, along with pH and organic matter changes, which in turn alter the soil Cu and Zn availability. Our study was aimed at assessing Cu and Zn availability in long-term OF-amended soils by distinguishing the importance of increased contamination levels versus pH and organic matter changes in soil. Seventy-four soil samples were collected over time from fields corresponding to three soil types upon which no, mineral, or organic fertilization had been applied over a decade, and thus exhibited a gradient of Cu and Zn contamination, pH, and organic matter concentration. Soil Cu and Zn contamination (i.e. total and DTPA-extractable Cu and Zn concentration), soil solution chemistry (i.e. pH and dissolved organic matter concentration and aromaticity) and Cu and Zn availability (i.e. total concentration and free ionic activity in solution and DGT-available concentration in soil) levels were measured. The Windermere humic aqueous model (WHAM) was used to estimate Zn2+ activity and dissolved organic matter (DOM) binding properties in soil solution. Regardless of the soil type, organic fertilization increased Cu and Zn contamination in soil, in addition to the pH and the DOM concentration, aromaticity and binding properties in soil solution. The pH increase prompted a decrease in the total Zn concentration and Zn2+ activity in soil solution. The concomitant pH increase and DOM concentration, aromaticity and binding properties boosted the total Cu concentration but decreased the Cu2+ activity in soil solution. DGT-available Cu and Zn varied very little between the three fertilization modalities. Our results suggest that pH and DOM changes were able to regulate Cu and Zn availability in long-term OF amended soils by exerting a protective effect that offset the concomitant increase in soil Cu and Zn contamination.
Published: 2020

17. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

Author: Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, Denaix, Laurence, Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, and Denaix, Laurence
Abstract: En relation avec la qualité sanitaire des produits de la récolte, le projet Quasagro visait à valider deséléments de gestion globale des risques multicontaminants (mycotoxines, éléments-traces métalliqueset résidus de pesticides) associés aux facteurs environnementaux et aux pratiques agronomiques engrandes cultures (blé tendre, blé dur et tournesol) par analyse multifactorielle : effets pédoclimatiques,résidus de culture, intrants et apports de matière organique. Il s’est appuyé sur le réseau national deparcelles Quasaprove, renforcé par des essais plein champ existants.Par une approche sans a priori, des modèles statistiques ont été testés sur le blé tendre, à partir deparamètres pédologiques ou climatiques. Aucun modèle ne s’est révélé suffisamment prédictif. Nousavons également cherché si certaines pratiques entraînaient des différences de concentration dans lesvégétaux. Il est apparu qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les parcelles labourées et non labourées, enfonction du type de fertilisation, ou en fonction du précédent ou de l’usage d’un CIPAN. Aucunedifférence n’est apparue non plus entre les parcelles conduites en agriculture biologique ou enagriculture conventionnelle. Quelle que soit la culture, l'équilibre est déterminé par le type defertilisation. Dans le cas de la fertilisation uniquement azotée (ammonitrate), le bilan est toujours négatif.Dans le cas de la fertilisation organique en agriculture biologique, le bilan est toujours positif et le solaccumule les éléments-traces. Dans le cas de l'agriculture conventionnelle avec fertilisation NPK, lebilan est positif pour l'arsenic, le cadmium et le plomb, et négatif pour le cuivre et le zinc. L’exportationdes pailles, qui génère un flux d’exportation relativement faible, ne change pas ces conclusions.Sur les parcelles étudiées, les niveaux de concentration cumulés observés s’échelonnent du sub-ng/g àla centaine de ng/g (ps) dans les sols. Les concentrations cumulées maximales en agriculturebiologique so
Published: 2020

18. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

Author: Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, Denaix, Laurence, Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, and Denaix, Laurence
Abstract: En relation avec la qualité sanitaire des produits de la récolte, le projet Quasagro visait à valider deséléments de gestion globale des risques multicontaminants (mycotoxines, éléments-traces métalliqueset résidus de pesticides) associés aux facteurs environnementaux et aux pratiques agronomiques engrandes cultures (blé tendre, blé dur et tournesol) par analyse multifactorielle : effets pédoclimatiques,résidus de culture, intrants et apports de matière organique. Il s’est appuyé sur le réseau national deparcelles Quasaprove, renforcé par des essais plein champ existants.Par une approche sans a priori, des modèles statistiques ont été testés sur le blé tendre, à partir deparamètres pédologiques ou climatiques. Aucun modèle ne s’est révélé suffisamment prédictif. Nousavons également cherché si certaines pratiques entraînaient des différences de concentration dans lesvégétaux. Il est apparu qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les parcelles labourées et non labourées, enfonction du type de fertilisation, ou en fonction du précédent ou de l’usage d’un CIPAN. Aucunedifférence n’est apparue non plus entre les parcelles conduites en agriculture biologique ou enagriculture conventionnelle. Quelle que soit la culture, l'équilibre est déterminé par le type defertilisation. Dans le cas de la fertilisation uniquement azotée (ammonitrate), le bilan est toujours négatif.Dans le cas de la fertilisation organique en agriculture biologique, le bilan est toujours positif et le solaccumule les éléments-traces. Dans le cas de l'agriculture conventionnelle avec fertilisation NPK, lebilan est positif pour l'arsenic, le cadmium et le plomb, et négatif pour le cuivre et le zinc. L’exportationdes pailles, qui génère un flux d’exportation relativement faible, ne change pas ces conclusions.Sur les parcelles étudiées, les niveaux de concentration cumulés observés s’échelonnent du sub-ng/g àla centaine de ng/g (ps) dans les sols. Les concentrations cumulées maximales en agriculturebiologique so
Published: 2020

19. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

Author: Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, Denaix, Laurence, Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, and Denaix, Laurence
Abstract: En relation avec la qualité sanitaire des produits de la récolte, le projet Quasagro visait à valider deséléments de gestion globale des risques multicontaminants (mycotoxines, éléments-traces métalliqueset résidus de pesticides) associés aux facteurs environnementaux et aux pratiques agronomiques engrandes cultures (blé tendre, blé dur et tournesol) par analyse multifactorielle : effets pédoclimatiques,résidus de culture, intrants et apports de matière organique. Il s’est appuyé sur le réseau national deparcelles Quasaprove, renforcé par des essais plein champ existants.Par une approche sans a priori, des modèles statistiques ont été testés sur le blé tendre, à partir deparamètres pédologiques ou climatiques. Aucun modèle ne s’est révélé suffisamment prédictif. Nousavons également cherché si certaines pratiques entraînaient des différences de concentration dans lesvégétaux. Il est apparu qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les parcelles labourées et non labourées, enfonction du type de fertilisation, ou en fonction du précédent ou de l’usage d’un CIPAN. Aucunedifférence n’est apparue non plus entre les parcelles conduites en agriculture biologique ou enagriculture conventionnelle. Quelle que soit la culture, l'équilibre est déterminé par le type defertilisation. Dans le cas de la fertilisation uniquement azotée (ammonitrate), le bilan est toujours négatif.Dans le cas de la fertilisation organique en agriculture biologique, le bilan est toujours positif et le solaccumule les éléments-traces. Dans le cas de l'agriculture conventionnelle avec fertilisation NPK, lebilan est positif pour l'arsenic, le cadmium et le plomb, et négatif pour le cuivre et le zinc. L’exportationdes pailles, qui génère un flux d’exportation relativement faible, ne change pas ces conclusions.Sur les parcelles étudiées, les niveaux de concentration cumulés observés s’échelonnent du sub-ng/g àla centaine de ng/g (ps) dans les sols. Les concentrations cumulées maximales en agriculturebiologique so
Published: 2020

20. La fertilisation organique augmente-t-elle à long terme la biodisponibilité du cuivre et du zinc dans les sols agricoles ?

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: La valorisation agronomique de fertilisants organiques est une source majeure de contamination chronique en cuivre (Cu) et en zinc (Zn) des sols agricoles. La littérature scientifique ne permet pas de trancher sur l'évolution à long-terme de la biodisponibilité pour les organismes du sol de Cu et Zn apportés par les fertilisants organiques. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d'évaluer les déterminants biogéochimiques de la biodisponibilité de Cu et Zn pour les plantes et les vers de terre. Les sols étudiés provenaient d'essais de terrain décennaux conduits à La Réunion, comparant une fertilisation minérale à une fertilisation organique. La biodisponibilité a été déterminée à l'aide de biotests de laboratoire. L'évolution de propriétés chimiques (pH, MOD) ainsi que la disponibilité de Cu et Zn (i.e. concentration totale, activité de l'ion libre et DGT) ont été mesurés dans la solution des sols bio-influencés ou non par la présence des plantes (rhizosphère) et des vers de terre. En l'absence de bio-influence, l'apport de fertilisants organiques a augmenté le pH et la concentration en MOD, diminuant ainsi la disponibilité de Cu et Zn malgré l'augmentation du niveau de contamination du sol. La présence des vers de terre a peu modifié l'effet de l'apport de fertilisants organiques sur les propriétés chimiques et la disponibilité de Cu et Zn. Dans la rhizosphère en revanche, la gamme de variation de pH, de concentration en MOD et donc la disponibilité de Cu et Zn a été réduite par rapport aux sols non bio-influencés et ce entre les modalités de fertilisation. L'effet protecteur induit à la fois par l'apport répété et à long-terme de fertilisants organiques et la bio-influence des organismes, en particulier des plantes dans la rhizosphère, a permis d'expliquer pourquoi la biodisponibilité de Cu et Zn pour les plantes et les vers de terre n'augmentait pas malgré l'augmentation du niveau de contamination du sol.
Published: 2020

21. Increased soil pH and dissolved organic matter after a decade of organic fertilizer application mitigates copper and zinc availability despite contamination

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Tillard, Emmanuel, Lecomte, Philippe, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Tillard, Emmanuel, Lecomte, Philippe, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Long-term organic fertilizer (OF) application on agricultural soils is known to induce soil Cu and Zn contamination, along with pH and organic matter changes, which in turn alter the soil Cu and Zn availability. Our study was aimed at assessing Cu and Zn availability in long-term OF-amended soils by distinguishing the importance of increased contamination levels versus pH and organic matter changes in soil. Seventy-four soil samples were collected over time from fields corresponding to three soil types upon which no, mineral, or organic fertilization had been applied over a decade, and thus exhibited a gradient of Cu and Zn contamination, pH, and organic matter concentration. Soil Cu and Zn contamination (i.e. total and DTPA-extractable Cu and Zn concentration), soil solution chemistry (i.e. pH and dissolved organic matter concentration and aromaticity) and Cu and Zn availability (i.e. total concentration and free ionic activity in solution and DGT-available concentration in soil) levels were measured. The Windermere humic aqueous model (WHAM) was used to estimate Zn2+ activity and dissolved organic matter (DOM) binding properties in soil solution. Regardless of the soil type, organic fertilization increased Cu and Zn contamination in soil, in addition to the pH and the DOM concentration, aromaticity and binding properties in soil solution. The pH increase prompted a decrease in the total Zn concentration and Zn2+ activity in soil solution. The concomitant pH increase and DOM concentration, aromaticity and binding properties boosted the total Cu concentration but decreased the Cu2+ activity in soil solution. DGT-available Cu and Zn varied very little between the three fertilization modalities. Our results suggest that pH and DOM changes were able to regulate Cu and Zn availability in long-term OF amended soils by exerting a protective effect that offset the concomitant increase in soil Cu and Zn contamination.
Published: 2020

22. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

Author: Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, Denaix, Laurence, Donnat, Emilie, Vivien, E., Crouzet, Olivier, Budzinski, Hélène, Devier, Marie-Hélène, Pinson-Gadais, Laetitia, Taupier-Letage, Bruno, Dauguet, S., Meleard, Benoit, Thunot, Stéphane, and Denaix, Laurence
Abstract: En relation avec la qualité sanitaire des produits de la récolte, le projet Quasagro visait à valider deséléments de gestion globale des risques multicontaminants (mycotoxines, éléments-traces métalliqueset résidus de pesticides) associés aux facteurs environnementaux et aux pratiques agronomiques engrandes cultures (blé tendre, blé dur et tournesol) par analyse multifactorielle : effets pédoclimatiques,résidus de culture, intrants et apports de matière organique. Il s’est appuyé sur le réseau national deparcelles Quasaprove, renforcé par des essais plein champ existants.Par une approche sans a priori, des modèles statistiques ont été testés sur le blé tendre, à partir deparamètres pédologiques ou climatiques. Aucun modèle ne s’est révélé suffisamment prédictif. Nousavons également cherché si certaines pratiques entraînaient des différences de concentration dans lesvégétaux. Il est apparu qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les parcelles labourées et non labourées, enfonction du type de fertilisation, ou en fonction du précédent ou de l’usage d’un CIPAN. Aucunedifférence n’est apparue non plus entre les parcelles conduites en agriculture biologique ou enagriculture conventionnelle. Quelle que soit la culture, l'équilibre est déterminé par le type defertilisation. Dans le cas de la fertilisation uniquement azotée (ammonitrate), le bilan est toujours négatif.Dans le cas de la fertilisation organique en agriculture biologique, le bilan est toujours positif et le solaccumule les éléments-traces. Dans le cas de l'agriculture conventionnelle avec fertilisation NPK, lebilan est positif pour l'arsenic, le cadmium et le plomb, et négatif pour le cuivre et le zinc. L’exportationdes pailles, qui génère un flux d’exportation relativement faible, ne change pas ces conclusions.Sur les parcelles étudiées, les niveaux de concentration cumulés observés s’échelonnent du sub-ng/g àla centaine de ng/g (ps) dans les sols. Les concentrations cumulées maximales en agriculturebiologique so
Published: 2020

23. Do long-term applications of organic residues promote copper ecotoxicity in soil?

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Amendments with organic residues (OR) are a major source of copper (Cu) contamination in agricultural soils. The chronic soil contamination with Cu raises the problem of potential toxic effects of Cu on soil organisms and then the long-term sustainability of OR recycling in agriculture. Contrary to heavy soil contaminations, Cu availability in soil and bioavailability to soil organisms remain poorly documented in the context of long-term OR recycling where soil contamination is moderate. The ecotoxicity of Cu depends both on its availability in soil and its bioavailability for soil organisms. In the case of long-term OR applications, Cu availability will be driven by the level of contamination and by temporal evolution of key soil physical-chemical properties such as pH and organic matter content. In the meantime Cu ecotoxicity will depend on the bio-influence of soil organisms on the soil volume they explore i.e. the rhizosphere for plants and the drilosphere for earthworms. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term OR applications on Cu availability in soil and Cu bioavailability to plants and earthworms. A hundred soil samples were selected from four decadal field trials (chronosequences) receiving either no fertilization, mineral fertilization, or organic fertilization and then exhibiting contrasted soil properties. In addition to soil properties we determined Cu availability in each soil sample following (i) a kinetic approach based on the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and (ii) an equilibrium approach based on the measurements of total Cu concentration and Cu2+ activity in soil solution. The drivers of Cu speciation in soil solution were assessed by modelling using the windermere humic aqueous model (WHAM). On the hundred soil samples a sub-selection of thirty soil samples were then exposed to plants (Festuca arrundinaceae) and earthworms (Dichogaster saliens) in biotests. Copper availability in the rhizosphere and drilosphere was mea
Published: 2019

24. Plant-earthworm interactions alter copper availability in the rhizosphere

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Organism activities in soil are able to alter drastically physical-chemical properties, such as pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the bio-influenced area such as rhizosphere for plants and drilosphere for earthworms. These modifications may drive trace element (TE) availability in soil and their bioavailability to soil organisms but with no consistent trends as shown by a literature overview. In this work we studied the effects of plant-earthworm interactions on the copper (Cu) availability in rhizosphere and its consequences on Cu phytoavailability in soils receiving either mineral fertilizers or organic inputs. Plant-earthworm interactions were studied with the RHIZOtest, a biotest that enables to grow plants with their roots in contact with the soil layer (considered as the rhizosphere) but not prenetrating it. The RHIZOtest was deployed here in an original manner: (i) without plant and earthworm (i.e. bulk soil), (ii) with plants (Festuca arrundinaceae) only (i.e. rhizosphere), (iii) with epi-endogeic earthworms (Dichogaster saliens) only (i.e. drilosphere), and (iv) with both plants and earthworms (i.e. rhizo-drilosphere). Two soil samples from the same decadal field experiment were studied, one amended with mineral fertilizers that led to a strongly acidic pH (5.0) and a low organic carbon content (2.0 %) and the other amended with cow slurries that led to a ca. neutral pH (6.5) and much higher organic carbon content (2.9 %). In order to study the pH as a key parameter, the pH was manipulated and controlled in the rhizosphere, drilosphere, and rhizo-drilosphere either by favoring alkalization or by maintaining the initial bulk-soil pH. Copper availability was determined in bulk soils, rhizospheres, drilospheres and rhizo-drilospheres following (i) a kinetic approach based on the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and (ii) an equilibrium approach based on the measurements of total Cu concentration and Cu2+ activity in soil solution. The drivers of Cu
Published: 2019

25. Do long-term applications of organic residues promote copper ecotoxicity in soil?

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Amendments with organic residues (OR) are a major source of copper (Cu) contamination in agricultural soils. The chronic soil contamination with Cu raises the problem of potential toxic effects of Cu on soil organisms and then the long-term sustainability of OR recycling in agriculture. Contrary to heavy soil contaminations, Cu availability in soil and bioavailability to soil organisms remain poorly documented in the context of long-term OR recycling where soil contamination is moderate. The ecotoxicity of Cu depends both on its availability in soil and its bioavailability for soil organisms. In the case of long-term OR applications, Cu availability will be driven by the level of contamination and by temporal evolution of key soil physical-chemical properties such as pH and organic matter content. In the meantime Cu ecotoxicity will depend on the bio-influence of soil organisms on the soil volume they explore i.e. the rhizosphere for plants and the drilosphere for earthworms. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term OR applications on Cu availability in soil and Cu bioavailability to plants and earthworms. A hundred soil samples were selected from four decadal field trials (chronosequences) receiving either no fertilization, mineral fertilization, or organic fertilization and then exhibiting contrasted soil properties. In addition to soil properties we determined Cu availability in each soil sample following (i) a kinetic approach based on the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and (ii) an equilibrium approach based on the measurements of total Cu concentration and Cu2+ activity in soil solution. The drivers of Cu speciation in soil solution were assessed by modelling using the windermere humic aqueous model (WHAM). On the hundred soil samples a sub-selection of thirty soil samples were then exposed to plants (Festuca arrundinaceae) and earthworms (Dichogaster saliens) in biotests. Copper availability in the rhizosphere and drilosphere was mea
Published: 2019

26. Plant-earthworm interactions alter copper availability in the rhizosphere

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Crouzet, Olivier, Pelosi, Céline, and Lamy, Isabelle
Abstract: Organism activities in soil are able to alter drastically physical-chemical properties, such as pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the bio-influenced area such as rhizosphere for plants and drilosphere for earthworms. These modifications may drive trace element (TE) availability in soil and their bioavailability to soil organisms but with no consistent trends as shown by a literature overview. In this work we studied the effects of plant-earthworm interactions on the copper (Cu) availability in rhizosphere and its consequences on Cu phytoavailability in soils receiving either mineral fertilizers or organic inputs. Plant-earthworm interactions were studied with the RHIZOtest, a biotest that enables to grow plants with their roots in contact with the soil layer (considered as the rhizosphere) but not prenetrating it. The RHIZOtest was deployed here in an original manner: (i) without plant and earthworm (i.e. bulk soil), (ii) with plants (Festuca arrundinaceae) only (i.e. rhizosphere), (iii) with epi-endogeic earthworms (Dichogaster saliens) only (i.e. drilosphere), and (iv) with both plants and earthworms (i.e. rhizo-drilosphere). Two soil samples from the same decadal field experiment were studied, one amended with mineral fertilizers that led to a strongly acidic pH (5.0) and a low organic carbon content (2.0 %) and the other amended with cow slurries that led to a ca. neutral pH (6.5) and much higher organic carbon content (2.9 %). In order to study the pH as a key parameter, the pH was manipulated and controlled in the rhizosphere, drilosphere, and rhizo-drilosphere either by favoring alkalization or by maintaining the initial bulk-soil pH. Copper availability was determined in bulk soils, rhizospheres, drilospheres and rhizo-drilospheres following (i) a kinetic approach based on the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and (ii) an equilibrium approach based on the measurements of total Cu concentration and Cu2+ activity in soil solution. The drivers of Cu
Published: 2019

27. Drivers of copper availability in agriculturals soils receiving long-term applications of organic fertilizers

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Pelosi, Céline, Crouzet, Olivier, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Pelosi, Céline, Crouzet, Olivier, and Lamy, Isabelle
Published: 2018

28. Drivers of copper availability in agriculturals soils receiving long-term applications of organic fertilizers

Author: Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Pelosi, Céline, Crouzet, Olivier, Lamy, Isabelle, Laurent, Céline, Bravin, Matthieu, Pelosi, Céline, Crouzet, Olivier, and Lamy, Isabelle
Published: 2018

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28 results on '"Crouzet, Olivier"'

1. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

2. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

3. Does a decade of soil organic fertilization promote copper and zinc bioavailability to an epi-endogeic earthworm?

4. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

5. Multidimensional signals and analytic flexibility: Estimating degrees of freedom in human speech analyses

6. Multidimensional Signals and Analytic Flexibility: Estimating Degrees of Freedom in Human-Speech Analyses

7. Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories

8. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Rapport d'ESCo

9. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques- Résumé de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

10. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques - Synthèse de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

11. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques.

12. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques.

13. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques. Rapport d'ESCo

14. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques- Résumé de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

15. Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques - Synthèse de l'Expertise scientifique collective - Mai 2022

16. Increased soil pH and dissolved organic matter after a decade of organic fertilizer application mitigates copper and zinc availability despite contamination

17. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

18. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

19. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

20. La fertilisation organique augmente-t-elle à long terme la biodisponibilité du cuivre et du zinc dans les sols agricoles ?

21. Increased soil pH and dissolved organic matter after a decade of organic fertilizer application mitigates copper and zinc availability despite contamination

22. Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?

23. Do long-term applications of organic residues promote copper ecotoxicity in soil?

24. Plant-earthworm interactions alter copper availability in the rhizosphere

25. Do long-term applications of organic residues promote copper ecotoxicity in soil?

26. Plant-earthworm interactions alter copper availability in the rhizosphere

27. Drivers of copper availability in agriculturals soils receiving long-term applications of organic fertilizers

28. Drivers of copper availability in agriculturals soils receiving long-term applications of organic fertilizers

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