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SQL is by far the most widely used and implemented query language. Yet, on some key features, such as correlated queries and NULL value semantics, many implementations diverge or contain bugs. We leverage recent advances in the formalization of SQL and query compilers to develop DBCert, the first mechanically verified compiler from SQL queries written in a canonical form to imperative code. Building DBCert required several new contributions which are described in this paper. First, we specify and mechanize a complete translation from SQL to the Nested Relational Algebra which can be used for query optimization. Second, we define Imp, a small imperative language sufficient to express SQL and which can target several execution languages including JavaScript. Finally, we develop a mechanized translation from the nested relational algebra to Imp, using the nested relational calculus as an intermediate step., Comment: Version with appendix of a paper published at OOPSLA 2022

Rationale: Noninvasive diagnostic multiplex molecular tests may enable the early identification and treatment of viral infections in critically ill immunocompromised patients. Objectives: To assess the association between viral detection in nasopharyngeal swabs and ICU mortality in critically ill hematology patients. Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort of critically ill hematology patients admitted to 17 ICUs. Nasal swabs sampled and frozen at ICU admission were tested using a multiplex PCR assay. Predictors of ICU mortality and assay positivity were identified. Measurements and Main Results: Of the 747 patients (447 with acute respiratory failure [ARF]), 21.3% had a virus detected (56.4% rhinovirus/enterovirus and 30.7% influenza/ parainfluenza/respiratory syncytial viruses). Overall ICU and hospital mortality rates were 26% and 37%, respectively. Assay positivity was associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, treatment with steroids or other immunosuppressants, ARF (25.5% vs. 16.3%; P = 0.004), and death in the ICU (28.9% vs. 19.3%; P = 0.008). The association with ICU mortality was significant for all viruses and was strongest for influenza/parainfluenza/respiratory syncytial viruses. In patients with ARF, detection of any respiratory virus was independently associated with ICU mortality (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.22–3.50). Conclusions: Respiratory virus detection in the upper airway by multiplex PCR assay is common in critically ill hematology patients. In patients with ARF, respiratory virus detection was independently associated with ICU mortality. Multiplex PCR assay may prove helpful for the risk stratification of hematology patients with ARF. Studies to understand whether respiratory tract viruses play a causal role in outcomes are warranted., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

We present the rewriting toolkit CiME3. Amongst other original features, this version enjoys two kinds of engines: to handle and discover proofs of various properties of rewriting systems, and to generate Coq scripts from proof traces given in certification problem format in order to certify them with a skeptical proof assistant like Coq. Thus, these features open the way for using CiME3 to add automation to proofs of termination or confluence in a formal development in the Coq proof assistant.

Le développement cognitif et socio-émotionnel est particulièrement altéré chez les enfants avec trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) qui ont un très faible niveau de développement (entre 4 mois et 24 mois). La question est de savoir si cette altération développementale est identique selon l’âge de l’enfant et son degré de retard ou de déficience intellectuelle. L’étude porte sur 69 enfants issus de 7 pays (9 filles et 60 garçons) répartis en deux groupes d’âge réel, avec soit un retard léger, soit une déficience intellectuelle sévère (Groupe 1 : N = 39 ; 1 an 7 mois-3 ans et QD moyen 60 = ; et Groupe 2 : N = 30 ; 8 ans-14 ans et QD moyen = 15). Le développement est évalué à l’aide de la Batterie d’évaluation cognitive et socio-émotionnelle (BECS). Si on ne note aucune différence significative entre les niveaux de développement global, cognitif et socio-émotionnel des deux groupes, les plus jeunes enfants avec TSA présentent une plus grande hétérogénéité socio-émotionnelle. Par ailleurs, il existe des différences pour les domaines « relation affective » et « interaction sociale » (les niveaux sont plus élevés chez les enfants les plus jeunes) et « image de soi » et « imitation gestuelle » (les niveaux sont plus élevés chez les enfants les plus âgés). Les implications pour les pratiques d’évaluation et d’intervention en fonction de l’âge et du degré de retard de l’enfant sont abordées., [Developmental Profiles in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with and without Severe Intellectual Deficiency] Implications for Assessment and Intervention]Cognitive and socio-emotional development is impaired in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who have a very low development level (between four and twenty-four months). The question is to research if this developmental disturbance is the same if chronological age and the degree of intellectual deficiency are taken into consideration. This study involves sixty-nine children with ASD (nine girls and sixty boys) from seven countries, split into two chronological age groups, with either a slight developmental delay or a severe intellectual deficiency (Group 1: N = 39 ; 1 year 7 months-3 years, mean DQ = 60; and Group 2: N = 30; 8 -14 years, mean DQ = 15). The development assessment was carried out using the Social Cognitive Evaluation Battery (SCEB—Adrien, 2007). While there were no significant differences in overall, cognitive, and socio-emotional development levels between both groups, it was noted that the youngest children exhibited a more significant socio-emotional heterogeneity. Moreover, there were some differences between both groups for “affective relationship” and “social interaction” (higher levels in younger children) and “self-image” and “gestural imitation” (higher levels in older children). Assessment and intervention practices were discussed, taking into consideration chronological age and degrees of developmental delay or intellectual deficiency.

Background: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is the most frequent complication in patients with hematological malignancies and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. ARF etiologies are numerous, and despite extensive diagnostic workflow, some patients remain with undetermined ARF etiology. Methods: This is a post-hoc study of a prospective multicenter cohort performed on 1011 critically ill hematological patients. Relationship between ARF etiology and hospital mortality was assessed using a multivariable regression model adjusting for confounders. Results: This study included 604 patients with ARF. All patients underwent noninvasive diagnostic tests, and a bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in 155 (25.6%). Definite diagnoses were classified into four exclusive etiological categories: pneumonia (44.4%), non-infectious diagnoses (32.6%), opportunistic infection (10.1%) and undetermined (12.9%), with corresponding hospital mortality rates of 40, 35, 55 and 59%, respectively. Overall hospital mortality was 42%. By multivariable analysis, factors associated with hospital mortality were invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (OR 7.57 (95% CI 3.06–21.62); p < 0.005), use of invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.07–2.55); p = 0.02), a SOFA score >7 (OR 3.32 (95% CI 2.15–5.15); p < 0.005) and an undetermined ARF etiology (OR 2.92 (95% CI 1.71–5.07); p < 0.005). Conclusions: In patients with hematological malignancies and ARF, up to 13% remain with undetermined ARF etiology despite comprehensive diagnostic workup. Undetermined ARF etiology is independently associated with hospital mortality. Studies to guide second-line diagnostic strategies are warranted. ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01172132, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

AC-completion efficiently handles equality modulo associative and commutative function symbols. When the input is ground, the procedure terminates and provides a decision algorithm for the word problem. In this paper, we present a modular extension of ground AC-completion for deciding formulas in the combination of the theory of equality with user-defined AC symbols, uninterpreted symbols and an arbitrary signature disjoint Shostak theory X. Our algorithm, called AC(X), is obtained by augmenting in a modular way ground AC-completion with the canonizer and solver present for the theory X. This integration rests on canonized rewriting, a new relation reminiscent to normalized rewriting, which integrates canonizers in rewriting steps. AC(X) is proved sound, complete and terminating, and is implemented to extend the core of the Alt-Ergo theorem prover., Comment: 30 pages, full version of the paper TACAS'11 paper "Canonized Rewriting and Ground AC-Completion Modulo Shostak Theories" accepted for publication by LMCS (Logical Methods in Computer Science)

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