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This article examines the development of marine tenure in the Maullín River, Chile. It starts with the emergence of artisanal red algae (Gracilaria chilensis) gathering and the changes resulting from the governmental ad hoc allocation of small-scale aquaculture concessions. We aim to track this transition, its drivers, effects on the work organization, gender relations, market relations and the sustainability/equity challenges currently confronting the community. We use a feminist political ecology approach to direct our multi-method data collection strategy and to analyse the empirical material. The State by enabling local tenure for the development of marine aquaculture concessions played an influential role in Maullín community attaining de facto territorial tenure. This led to the establishment of residential aquaculture communities while facilitating the integration of women in aquaculture activities. We see both steps as positive economic and social development opportunities in Maullín. While marine tenure has provided livelihood chances, low prices caused by the producers’ disadvantaged market position and the lack of supportive alliance building pose ongoing problems. We conclude that these factors are serious challenges to the sustainability of aquacultural livelihoods at Maullín River. While the case depicts aspects of women’s empowerment such as their engagement in developing potential post-production innovation ideas, entrepreneurial abilities to conduct market transactions as well as their better competence in literacy, math and financial expertise, there is still a long way to reach gender equality in the male-dominated aquacultural sector. © 2024, The Author(s)., Funders: (1) MEC:entry of women in small-scale fshing in Chile: cooperation or confict;granted to the second author MA by Conicyt in 2017. (2) FIPA 2017–10: determinationof ecosystem factors that favour the increase ofRhizocloniumspp. anddevelopment of a monitoring and control program for this pest speciesin the Region Los Lagos Project granted to the second author MA bythe Agency Fondo de Investigación Pesquera y Acuicultura in 2019;and (3) CHIC ANID FB210018 Cape Horn International Centre (associate researcher MA).

Both the ecological and social dimensions of fisheries are being affected by climate change. As a result, policymakers, managers, scientists and fishing communities are seeking guidance on how to holistically build resilience to climate change. Numerous studies have highlighted key attributes of resilience in fisheries, yet concrete examples that explicitly link these attributes to social‐ecological outcomes are lacking. To better understand climate resilience, we assembled 18 case studies spanning ecological, socio‐economic, governance and geographic contexts. Using a novel framework for evaluating 38 resilience attributes, the case studies were systematically assessed to understand how attributes enable or inhibit resilience to a given climate stressor. We found population abundance, learning capacity, and responsive governance were the most important attributes for conferring resilience, with ecosystem connectivity, place attachment, and accountable governance scoring the strongest across the climate‐resilient fisheries. We used these responses to develop an attribute typology that describes robust sources of resilience, actionable priority attributes and attributes that are case specific or require research. We identified five fishery archetypes to guide stakeholders as they set long‐term goals and prioritize actions to improve resilience. Lastly, we found evidence for two pathways to resilience: (1) building ecological assets and strengthening communities, which we observed in rural and small‐scale fisheries, and (2) building economic assets and improving effective governance, which was demonstrated in urban and wealthy fisheries. Our synthesis presents a novel framework that can be directly applied to identify approaches, pathways and actionable levers for improving climate resilience in fishery systems.

This study aimed to investigate the food security status of households in Sambuli Village, Nambo Subdistrict, Kendari Municipality. Employing proportionate stratified random sampling, the research sampled 59 households from a total population of 145. The study utilized structured questionnaire-based interviews for data collection, and analyzed the data using the USDA Food Security Survey Module. The results indicate a pronounced disparity in food security, with only 20.3% of households being "food secure" and a substantial majority of 79.7% experiencing food insecurity. Higher levels of food insecurity might be attributed to limited income, low educational attainment, lack of agricultural land, reliance on fishing as the primary livelihood, market fluctuations, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This significant incidence of food insecurity underscores the necessity for targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at enhancing economic resilience, diversifying income sources, ensuring access to nutritious food, and establishing robust support systems to mitigate future pandemic-related impacts in vulnerable coastal communities.

Reclamation of coastal areas is an activity that is widespread in almost all regions of Indonesia. This activity is a solution to answer the problem of limited land area and to meet development needs. In fact, the reclamation carried out, including in the coastal areas of Ambon City, apparently caused damage to the coastal ecosystem and posed a threat to several coastal areas in Ambon City, which of course directly or indirectly had an impact on the people who live in coastal areas. This research aims to analyze and determine aspects of justice for the environment and society resulting from the reclamation of the coastal areas of Ambon City. This research uses an empirical approach. The results of the research show that the problem of reclamation of coastal areas is very unfair to the people of coastal areas and the environment where they live. Laws that are used as a means of reform to improve aspects of human welfare and protect and preserve the environment apparently cannot be used as legal instruments that are "pro-people" and "pro-justice". In fact, when they experience excesses due to reclamation, they must be given compensation and anti-loss as a form of corrective justice as stated by Aristotle and Thomas Hobbes., Reklamasi wilayah pesisir merupakan kegiatan yang marak terjadi hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Kegiatan ini menjadi solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan keterbatasan lahan daratan dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembangunan. Faktanya reklamasi yang dilakukan ternyata memberikan kerusakan terhadap ekosistem pesisir dan menimbulkan ancaman terhadap beberapa daerah pesisir yang tentu saja secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berdampak bagi masyarakat yang bermukin pada wilayah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui aspek keadilan bagi lingkungan hidup dan masyarakat akibat reklamasi wilayah pesisir studi kasus kota Ambon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan empiris. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang diperoleh melalui penelitian studi kepustakaan, peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan-putusan pengadilan, pengambilan data serta wawancara lapangan, akan dianalisis secara kritis dengan menggunakan teori-teori dan asas-asas hukum secara sistematis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa aspek keadilan yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat wilayah pesisir dan lingkungannya akibat reklamasi teluk Ambon dalam dan luar, pada kenyataannya belum dapat dinikmati. Bencana banjir Rob yang terjadi pada waktu-waktu tertentu belum dapat disikapi oleh pemerintah dengan memberikan kompensasi dan ganti kerugian sebagai wujud pelaksanaan keadilan yang korektif. Hukum yang erat pertaliannya dengan keadilan seakan dikesampingkan dan hukum normatif legalistik yang menjadi alat pembangunan sehingga reklamasi yang seharusnya memperhitungkan nilai-nilai, sosial, lingkungan dan ekonomi tidak berada dalam posisi yang seimbang.

Reclamation of coastal areas is an activity that is widespread in almost all regions of Indonesia. This activity is a solution to answer the problem of limited land area and to meet development needs. In fact, the reclamation carried out, including in the coastal areas of Ambon City, apparently caused damage to the coastal ecosystem and posed a threat to several coastal areas in Ambon City, which of course directly or indirectly had an impact on the people who live in coastal areas. This research aims to analyze and determine aspects of justice for the environment and society resulting from the reclamation of the coastal areas of Ambon City. This research uses an empirical approach. The results of the research show that the problem of reclamation of coastal areas is very unfair to the people of coastal areas and the environment where they live. Laws that are used as a means of reform to improve aspects of human welfare and protect and preserve the environment apparently cannot be used as legal instruments that are "pro-people" and "pro-justice". In fact, when they experience excesses due to reclamation, they must be given compensation and anti-loss as a form of corrective justice as stated by Aristotle and Thomas Hobbes., Reklamasi wilayah pesisir merupakan kegiatan yang marak terjadi hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Kegiatan ini menjadi solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan keterbatasan lahan daratan dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembangunan. Faktanya reklamasi yang dilakukan ternyata memberikan kerusakan terhadap ekosistem pesisir dan menimbulkan ancaman terhadap beberapa daerah pesisir yang tentu saja secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berdampak bagi masyarakat yang bermukin pada wilayah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui aspek keadilan bagi lingkungan hidup dan masyarakat akibat reklamasi wilayah pesisir studi kasus kota Ambon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan empiris. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang diperoleh melalui penelitian studi kepustakaan, peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan-putusan pengadilan, pengambilan data serta wawancara lapangan, akan dianalisis secara kritis dengan menggunakan teori-teori dan asas-asas hukum secara sistematis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa aspek keadilan yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat wilayah pesisir dan lingkungannya akibat reklamasi teluk Ambon dalam dan luar, pada kenyataannya belum dapat dinikmati. Bencana banjir Rob yang terjadi pada waktu-waktu tertentu belum dapat disikapi oleh pemerintah dengan memberikan kompensasi dan ganti kerugian sebagai wujud pelaksanaan keadilan yang korektif. Hukum yang erat pertaliannya dengan keadilan seakan dikesampingkan dan hukum normatif legalistik yang menjadi alat pembangunan sehingga reklamasi yang seharusnya memperhitungkan nilai-nilai, sosial, lingkungan dan ekonomi tidak berada dalam posisi yang seimbang.

Objective: The limitations of coastal communities are an obstacle to fulfilling passive voting rights in elections. It needs a concept to answer these problems. The purpose of this article is to give birth to the concept of fulfilling the passive voting rights of coastal communities as candidates for regional legislatures. Method: this normative legal research uses legal, principled, and conceptual approaches. Data are sourced from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials which are analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. Result: the guarantee of universal suffrage is regulated in Article 27 of the Indonesian Constitution, Constitutional Court Decision Number 011-017/PUU-I/2003 and Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which guarantees respect for human rights without discrimination. The limited social life of coastal communities, which are classified as marginalized groups, is not a reason for not being able to fulfil their rights to become candidates for legislative members. Affirmative policies are needed to obtain equal opportunities to achieve equality and justice in the fulfilment of their rights. Conclusion: The presence of law is needed to help the process of changing society towards renewal. Three things are needed to fulfil the passive voting rights of coastal communities, namely the provision of affirmative policies, the pattern of cooperation of all stakeholders, and the improvement of human resources., RESUMO Objetivo: Las limitaciones de las comunidades costeras son un obstáculo para el cumplimiento del derecho al voto pasivo en las elecciones. Necesita un concepto que responda a estos problemas. El propósito de este artículo es dar origen al concepto de cumplimiento pasivo del derecho al voto de las comunidades costeras como candidatas a las legislaturas regionales. Método: esta investigación jurídica normativa utiliza enfoques jurídicos, de principios y conceptuales. Los datos provienen de materiales jurídicos primarios, materiales jurídicos secundarios, materiales jurídicos terciarios que se analizan de forma cualitativa y descriptiva. Resultado:  la  garantía del sufragio universal está regulada en el artículo 27 de la Constitución de Indonesia, en la decisión del Tribunal Constitucional Nº 011-017/PUU-I/2003 y  en el artículo 2 de la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos, que garantiza el respeto de los derechos humanos sin discriminación. La limitada vida social de las comunidades costeras, que son clasificadas como grupos marginados, no es una razón para no poder ejercer su derecho a ser candidatos a miembros legislativos. Se necesitan políticas afirmativas  para obtener igualdad de oportunidades para lograr la igualdad y la justicia en el cumplimiento de sus derechos. Conclusão:  la presencia del derecho es necesaria para ayudar al proceso de cambio de la sociedad hacia la renovación. Se necesitan tres cosas en un esfuerzo por hacer efectivos los derechos de voto pasivo de las comunidades costeras, a saber, la aplicación de políticas afirmativas, el modelo de cooperación de todas las partes interesadas y la mejora de los recursos humanos. Palavras-chave: sufragio pasivo, comunidades costeras, elecciones legislativas

Sanitation is an important factor in public health, including coastal communities. One of the environmental health problems in Indonesian society, including coastal communities, is family latrines which can have a negative impact on people's health status. The aim of this service is to increase the knowledge and skills of Coastal Communities regarding household liquid waste management. The target of this service activity is the people of Babana Pantai Hamlet who often defecate on the beach as many as 20 people. The service methods used are health education and demonstrations. The service activity stages began with education about stopping open defecation, then continued with a Demonstration about how to make a Drumpicon (Drum Ipal Concentrate) and finally education on household liquid waste management. Participants were very enthusiastic about taking part in the activity as indicated by their timely attendance and activeness in asking questions. Service results: after education, 90% of participants had good knowledge about stopping open defecation and 85% of participants had good knowledge about managing household liquid waste. A model Drumpicon was formed in one of the residents' houses which is expected to motivate other households not to defecate in the openSanitation is an important factor in public health, including coastal communities. One of the environmental health problems in Indonesian society, including coastal communities, is family latrines which can have a negative impact on people's health status. The aim of this service is to increase the knowledge and skills of Coastal Communities regarding household liquid waste management. The target of this service activity is the people of Babana Pantai Hamlet who often defecate on the beach as many as 20 people. The service methods used are health education and demonstrations. The service activity stages began with education about stopping open defecation, then continued with a Demonstration about how to make a, Sanitasi merupakan faktor penting dalam kesehatan masyarakat tidak terkecuali bagi masyarakat pesisir. Salah stau masalah dalam kesehatan lingkungan pada masyarakat Indonesia termasuk pada masyarakat pesisir adalah jamban keluarga yang dapat berdampak buruk pada status kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan Masyarakat Pesisir tentang pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu masyarakat Dusun Babana Pantai yang sering Buang Air Besar di pantai sebanyak 20 orang. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah Ceramah Tanya Jawab dan Demonstrasi. Tahapan kegiatan pengabdian dimulai dengan edukasi tentang stop buang air besar sembarangan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Demonstrasi Pembuatan Drumpicon (Drum Ipal Consentrat) dan yang terakhir adalah edukasi pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Peserta sangat bersemangat mengikuti kegiatan yang ditandai dengan kehadiran peserta tepat waktu dan keaktifan dalam memberikan pertanyaan. Hasil pengabdian: setelah dilakukan edukasi,  90% peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang stop buang air besar sembarangan dan 85% peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Terbentuk 1 Drumpicon percontohan di salah satu rumah warga yang diharapkan dapat memotivasi rumah tangga yang lain untuk tidak buang air besar sembarangan.&nbsp

Sanitation is an important factor in public health, including coastal communities. One of the environmental health problems in Indonesian society, including coastal communities, is family latrines which can have a negative impact on people's health status. The aim of this service is to increase the knowledge and skills of Coastal Communities regarding household liquid waste management. The target of this service activity is the people of Babana Pantai Hamlet who often defecate on the beach as many as 20 people. The service methods used are health education and demonstrations. The service activity stages began with education about stopping open defecation, then continued with a Demonstration about how to make a Drumpicon (Drum Ipal Concentrate) and finally education on household liquid waste management. Participants were very enthusiastic about taking part in the activity as indicated by their timely attendance and activeness in asking questions. Service results: after education, 90% of participants had good knowledge about stopping open defecation and 85% of participants had good knowledge about managing household liquid waste. A model Drumpicon was formed in one of the residents' houses which is expected to motivate other households not to defecate in the openSanitation is an important factor in public health, including coastal communities. One of the environmental health problems in Indonesian society, including coastal communities, is family latrines which can have a negative impact on people's health status. The aim of this service is to increase the knowledge and skills of Coastal Communities regarding household liquid waste management. The target of this service activity is the people of Babana Pantai Hamlet who often defecate on the beach as many as 20 people. The service methods used are health education and demonstrations. The service activity stages began with education about stopping open defecation, then continued with a Demonstration about how to make a, Sanitasi merupakan faktor penting dalam kesehatan masyarakat tidak terkecuali bagi masyarakat pesisir. Salah stau masalah dalam kesehatan lingkungan pada masyarakat Indonesia termasuk pada masyarakat pesisir adalah jamban keluarga yang dapat berdampak buruk pada status kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan Masyarakat Pesisir tentang pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu masyarakat Dusun Babana Pantai yang sering Buang Air Besar di pantai sebanyak 20 orang. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah Ceramah Tanya Jawab dan Demonstrasi. Tahapan kegiatan pengabdian dimulai dengan edukasi tentang stop buang air besar sembarangan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Demonstrasi Pembuatan Drumpicon (Drum Ipal Consentrat) dan yang terakhir adalah edukasi pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Peserta sangat bersemangat mengikuti kegiatan yang ditandai dengan kehadiran peserta tepat waktu dan keaktifan dalam memberikan pertanyaan. Hasil pengabdian: setelah dilakukan edukasi,  90% peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang stop buang air besar sembarangan dan 85% peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga. Terbentuk 1 Drumpicon percontohan di salah satu rumah warga yang diharapkan dapat memotivasi rumah tangga yang lain untuk tidak buang air besar sembarangan.&nbsp

Coastal areas are vulnerable to different natural hazards, including hurricanes, cyclones, tsunami, floods, coastal erosion, and saltwater intrusion. These hazards cause extensive social, ecological, economic, and human losses. Continued climate change and sea-level rise is expected to substantially impact the people living in coastal areas. Sea level rise poses serious threats for the people living in the coastal zone, which leads to coastal erosion, inundations in the low-lying areas, tidal water encroachment and subsequent salt-water intrusion, as well as the displacement of the people living along the coast. Coastal erosion is one of the biggest environmental threats in the coastal areas globally. In Bangladesh, coastal erosion is a regularly occurring and major destructive process, impacting both human and ecological systems at sea level. The Lower Meghna estuary, located in southern Bangladesh, is among the most vulnerable landscapes in the world to the impacts of coastal erosion. Erosion causes population displacement, loss of productive land area, loss of infrastructure and communication systems, and, most importantly, household livelihoods. For a lower middle-class country, such as Bangladesh, with limited internal resources, it is hard to cope with catastrophic natural hazards, such as coastal erosion and its related consequences. This research aims to advance the scientific understanding of past and future coastal erosion risk and associated changes in land change and land cover using geospatial analysis techniques. It also aims to understand the patterns and drivers of human perception of coastal erosion risk. To place the research questions and objectives in content, Chapter 1 includes a brief introduction and literature review of the coastal erosion context in Bangladesh. Chapter 2 assesses different methods of prediction to investigate the performance of future shoreline position predictions by quantifying how prediction performance varies depending o

Considerada alimento gourmet, la langosta es una de las principales pesquerías de México y Yucatán, estado que se especializa en la producción de cola de langosta para el mercado turístico nacional (Cancún). Bajo el posicionamiento teórico de la Organización Espacial de la Economía y una metodología que combina elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos, esta investigación revela la compleja interrelación entre diferentes espacios (productores, procesadores y de consumo) generada por la economía de la langosta yucateca. No obstante, la actual estructura espacial puede verse alterada por la incipiente captura de langosta viva, impulsada por nuevos actores y dirigida al mercado internacional (China)., Regarded as gourmet food, lobster is one of the main fisheries in Mexico and Yucatan, a state that specializes in the production of lobster tail for the national tourism market (Cancun). Using the theoretical positioning of the Spatial Organization of the Economy and a methodology that combines qualitative and quantitative data, this investigation reveals the complex interrelationship between different spaces (fishing, processing, and consumption zones) generated by the Yucatecan lobster economy. However, the current spatial structure could be modified by the incipient catch of live lobster, driven by new actors and directed to the international market (China).

Coastal communities have adopted the rural tourism model due to the economic benefits that occur in large tourist centers. Puerto Vicente Guerrero is no exception, the community adapted the space to this business model. The objective of this research was the analysis of the socio-environmental impacts caused by community-based rural tourism in Puerto Vicente Guerrero in Mexico. Meanwhile, the methodology used, 20 interviews were carried out with key informants who live in the community and have some link with the tourism sector, later a discourse analysis was carried out to understand the context of daily life and its management in said sector. As relevant results, a community without response capacity to serve the public en masse, zero community planning that ended up exacerbating socio-environmental problems and a tourism development that has minimal infrastructure conditions, added to the scarcity of drinking water, was identified. The community has a weak management in the adoption of a business model based on tourism, however, the tourism potential can promote them as a point of reference and compete with the cities with the highest demand, among which Acapulco and Zihuatanejo in Guerrero stand out., Las comunidades costeras han adoptado el modelo turístico rural por efecto de la derrama económica que se producen en grandes centros turísticos. Puerto Vicente Guerrero, no es la excepción, la comunidad adaptó el espacio a dicho modelo de negocio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue, el análisis de los impactos socioambientales ocasionadas por el turismo rural de base comunitaria en Puerto Vicente Guerrero en México. En tanto, la metodología usada se llevaron a cabo 20 entrevistas a informantes claves que viven en la comunidad y tienen algún vínculo con el sector turístico, posteriormente se realizó un análisis del discurso para la comprensión del contexto de la vida cotidiana y su gestión en dicho sector. Como resultados relevantes se identificó una comunidad sin capacidad de respuesta para atender el público en masa, nula planificación de la comunidad que terminó agudizando los problemas socioambientales y un desarrollo turístico que tiene condiciones de infraestructuras mínimas, sumado la escasez de agua potable. La comunidad tiene una débil gestión en la adopción de un modelo de negocio con base en el turismo, sin embargo, el potencial turístico puede impulsarlos como un punto de referencia y competir con las ciudades de mayor demanda entre los que destacan Acapulco y Zihuatanejo en Guerrero.

Kejadian stunting dapat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, tinggi badan orang tua dan ketahanan pangan diketahui sebagai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor resiko tinggi badan ibu dan ketahanan pangan keluarga terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Buton Tengah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Mawasangka Tengah. Sampel penelitian ini adalah balita umur 6-23 bulan, dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yakni kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol, metode pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling dan total sampel sebanyak 120 orang. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi- square dan mengidentifikasi nilai Odds Ratio (OR). Ibu dengan tinggi badan < 150 cm berisiko 1,7 kali lebih besar memiliki anak balita stunting dibanding ibu dengan tinggi >150 cm, namun secara statistik hubungan kedua variabel tidak signifikan (p=0,17). Keluarga rawan pangan berisiko memiliki balita stunting sebesar 2,5 kali lebih besar dibanding keluarga tahan pangan (OR=2,6, CI 95% : 1,2-5,8), dan secara statistik menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan (p=0,01). Tinggi badan ibu dan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga merupakan faktor resiko kejadian stunting, namun yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan adalah faktor ketahanan pangan dibanding tinggi badan ibu., The incidence of stunting can be influenced by many factors, parental height and food security are known as factors that affect the incidence of stunting in toddlers. This study aims to analyze maternal height risk factors and family food security for stunting in toddlers in coastal areas of Central Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study is an observational study with a control case design carried out in Mawasangka Tengah District. The sample of this study was toddlers aged 6-23 months, divided into 2 groups, namely the case group and the control group, the sampling method by consecutive sampling and a total sample of 120 people. Bivariate analysis is performed with the Chi-square test and identifies the Odds Ratio (OR) value. Mothers with a height of < 150 cm are 1.7 times more likely to have stunted children under five than mothers with a height of >150 cm, but statistically the relationship between the two variables is not significant (p = 0.17). Food insecure families are at risk of having stunting children at 2.5 times greater than food insecure families (OR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-5.8), and statistically show a significant effect (p=0.01). Maternal height and household food security are risk factors for stunting, but what has a significant influence is the food security factor compared to the mother's height.

This study aims to determine the efforts of coastal communities in optimizing the utilization of natural resources through Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship which is applied to improve the welfare of coastal communities. The urgency of research on the principle of "Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship" instilled in coastal communities is the belief that Allah is almighty and will provide broad sustenance and be blessed by Allah SWT. This research was conducted on coastal communities in Pantai Biru, Jalan Metro Tanjung Bunga, Tamalate District, Makassar City. Sampling was carried out randomly from coastal communities, which were then conducted direct interviews using a list of questions. The data obtained were then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship has an effect on optimizing the use of resources in coastal areas, so as to improve the welfare of coastal communities. Optimizing the use of resources through Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship can be a solution in improving the welfare of coastal communities. By applying Islamic principles and good business ethics, businesses can be run in a more sustainable manner and pay attention to social and environmental responsibilities

This study aims to determine the efforts of coastal communities in optimizing the utilization of natural resources through Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship which is applied to improve the welfare of coastal communities. The urgency of research on the principle of "Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship" instilled in coastal communities is the belief that Allah is almighty and will provide broad sustenance and be blessed by Allah SWT. This research was conducted on coastal communities in Pantai Biru, Jalan Metro Tanjung Bunga, Tamalate District, Makassar City. Sampling was carried out randomly from coastal communities, which were then conducted direct interviews using a list of questions. The data obtained were then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship has an effect on optimizing the use of resources in coastal areas, so as to improve the welfare of coastal communities. Optimizing the use of resources through Islamic Spiritual Entrepreneurship can be a solution in improving the welfare of coastal communities. By applying Islamic principles and good business ethics, businesses can be run in a more sustainable manner and pay attention to social and environmental responsibilities

Coastal communities have adopted the rural tourism model due to the economic benefits that occur in large tourist centers. Puerto Vicente Guerrero is no exception, the community adapted the space to this business model. The objective of this research was the analysis of the socio-environmental impacts caused by community-based rural tourism in Puerto Vicente Guerrero in Mexico. Meanwhile, the methodology used, 20 interviews were carried out with key informants who live in the community and have some link with the tourism sector, later a discourse analysis was carried out to understand the context of daily life and its management in said sector. As relevant results, a community without response capacity to serve the public en masse, zero community planning that ended up exacerbating socio-environmental problems and a tourism development that has minimal infrastructure conditions, added to the scarcity of drinking water, was identified. The community has a weak management in the adoption of a business model based on tourism, however, the tourism potential can promote them as a point of reference and compete with the cities with the highest demand, among which Acapulco and Zihuatanejo in Guerrero stand out., Las comunidades costeras han adoptado el modelo turístico rural por efecto de la derrama económica que se producen en grandes centros turísticos. Puerto Vicente Guerrero, no es la excepción, la comunidad adaptó el espacio a dicho modelo de negocio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue, el análisis de los impactos socioambientales ocasionadas por el turismo rural de base comunitaria en Puerto Vicente Guerrero en México. En tanto, la metodología usada se llevaron a cabo 20 entrevistas a informantes claves que viven en la comunidad y tienen algún vínculo con el sector turístico, posteriormente se realizó un análisis del discurso para la comprensión del contexto de la vida cotidiana y su gestión en dicho sector. Como resultados relevantes se identificó una comunidad sin capacidad de respuesta para atender el público en masa, nula planificación de la comunidad que terminó agudizando los problemas socioambientales y un desarrollo turístico que tiene condiciones de infraestructuras mínimas, sumado la escasez de agua potable. La comunidad tiene una débil gestión en la adopción de un modelo de negocio con base en el turismo, sin embargo, el potencial turístico puede impulsarlos como un punto de referencia y competir con las ciudades de mayor demanda entre los que destacan Acapulco y Zihuatanejo en Guerrero.

Understanding ecological, and socio-economical vulnerabilities is fundamental towards developing and implementing regional adaptation strategies to climate change. The Portuguese coast is situated in a transition zone between temperate ecosystems to the north, and subtropical with Mediterranean characteristics, to the south, with distinct oceanographic regions (north, centre, and south), fish assemblages and socioeconomic realities of fish communities across these regions. We develop a framework to assess fisheries climate vulnerability in each port. A total of 32 ecological and socio-economic indicators were used to measure exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of the fishing sector to climate change by combining i) environmental projections ii) information from fishing communities (surveys at ports) and iii) landings and socio-economic data from official statistics offices. The vulnerability to climate change across regions, and its expected impact on fishing fleets and local communities, was low-moderate. Such information will enable fishing communities and decision makers to respond to expected climate change effects and direct/indirect associated activities. This framework comprises background information for developing mandatory EU climate adaptation plans that aim to improve the resilience of fisheries socio-economic systems.

To shed light on the future of low-lying rural areas in the face of sea level rise, we studied a 20 km long rural coastline neighbouring a sinking city in Indonesia (8 – 20 cm yr-1), hereafter called studyarea. Through the collection of data across 7 main topics, we show that villages experienced significant RSLR near the city. Mangroves also experienced RSLR near the city, although to a lesser degree, and were able to respond to RSLR rates 4.3 cm yr-1 through various root adaptations. The seven main investigated topics, and their respective datasets: 0. village population migration1. village house experienced RSLR2. mangrove experienced RSLR2a. mangrove experienced RSLR2b. rainfall data3. foreshore dynamics4. mangrove bed-level dynamics based on pneumatophore markings5. mangrove root acclimation5.1. pneumatophore markings (same dataset as 4.)5.2. rootmat formation5.3. sedimentation experiment6. lateral mangrove die-back6.1. dead trees and summary of all datasets as used in Figure 4 of the manuscript6.2. pneumatophore mortality (same dataset as 4.), To shed light on the future of low-lying rural areas in the face of sea level rise, we studied a 20 km long rural coastline neighbouring a sinking city in Indonesia (8 – 20 cm yr-1), hereafter called studyarea. Through the collection of data across 7 main topics, we show that villages experienced significant RSLR near the city. Mangroves also experienced RSLR near the city, although to a lesser degree, and were able to respond to RSLR rates 4.3 cm yr-1 through various root adaptations. The seven main investigated topics, and their respective datasets: 0. village population migration1. village house experienced RSLR2. mangrove experienced RSLR2a. mangrove experienced RSLR2b. rainfall data3. foreshore dynamics4. mangrove bed-level dynamics based on pneumatophore markings5. mangrove root acclimation5.1. pneumatophore markings (same dataset as 4.)5.2. rootmat formation5.3. sedimentation experiment6. lateral mangrove die-back6.1. dead trees and summary of all datasets as used in Figure 4 of the manuscript6.2. pneumatophore mortality (same dataset as 4.)

Complex networks of relationships among and between people and nature (social-ecological networks) play an important role in sustainability; yet, we have limited empirical understanding of their temporal dynamics. We empirically examine the evolution of a social-ecological network in a common-pool resource system faced with escalating social and environmental change over the past two decades. We first draw on quantitative and qualitative data collected between 2002 and 2018 in a Papua New Guinean reef fishing community to provide contextual evidence regarding the extent of social and environmental change being experienced. We then develop a temporal multilevel exponential random graph model using complete social-ecological network data, collected in 2016 and 2018, to test key hypotheses regarding how fishing households have adapted their social ties in this context of change given their relationships with reef resources (i.e. social-ecological ties). Specifically, we hypothesized that households will increasingly form tight-knit, bonding social and social-ecological network structures (H1 and H3, respectively) with similar others (H2), and that they will seek out resourceful actors with specialized knowledge that can promote learning and spur innovation (H4). Our results depict a community that is largely ‘bunkering down’ and looking inward in response to mounting risk to resource-dependent livelihoods and a breakdown in the collaborative processes that traditionally sustained them. Community members are increasingly choosing to interact with others more like themselves (H2), with friends of friends (H1), and with those connected to interdependent ecological resources (H3)—in other words, they are showing a strong, increasing preference for forming bonding social-ecological network structures and interacting with like-minded, similar others. We did not find strong support for H4. Bonding network structures may decrease the risk associated with unmonitored behavio

Complex networks of relationships among and between people and nature (social-ecological networks) play an important role in sustainability; yet, we have limited empirical understanding of their temporal dynamics. We empirically examine the evolution of a social-ecological network in a common-pool resource system faced with escalating social and environmental change over the past two decades. We first draw on quantitative and qualitative data collected between 2002 and 2018 in a Papua New Guinean reef fishing community to provide contextual evidence regarding the extent of social and environmental change being experienced. We then develop a temporal multilevel exponential random graph model using complete social-ecological network data, collected in 2016 and 2018, to test key hypotheses regarding how fishing households have adapted their social ties in this context of change given their relationships with reef resources (i.e. social-ecological ties). Specifically, we hypothesized that households will increasingly form tight-knit, bonding social and social-ecological network structures (H1 and H3, respectively) with similar others (H2), and that they will seek out resourceful actors with specialized knowledge that can promote learning and spur innovation (H4). Our results depict a community that is largely ‘bunkering down’ and looking inward in response to mounting risk to resource-dependent livelihoods and a breakdown in the collaborative processes that traditionally sustained them. Community members are increasingly choosing to interact with others more like themselves (H2), with friends of friends (H1), and with those connected to interdependent ecological resources (H3)—in other words, they are showing a strong, increasing preference for forming bonding social-ecological network structures and interacting with like-minded, similar others. We did not find strong support for H4. Bonding network structures may decrease the risk associated with unmonitored behaviour

Rural, tropical coastal communities are experiencing sustained, often increasing food insecurity, poverty, and global change impacts. These challenges have stimulated a rise in projects aiming to enhance and diversify local livelihoods. The ability of these projects to achieve broad-scale benefits is limited by approaches that do not account for feedbacks among sectors and across marine and terrestrial environments. To address these limitations, we present an applied research agenda to support an integrated approach to livelihood project planning and management. This agenda explicitly examines interactions among natural resources, industries, and livelihoods and is based on three foundational activities: (1) a governance review and assessment, (2) strategic partnership formation, and (3) a diagnostic approach supported by science and shared outcomes. We add structure to the established logic in our field by broadening the sectoral and spatial scope of livelihoods projects, so they can better contribute to interrelated UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Background. Despite the abundance and proximity of edible marine resources, coastal communities along the St. Lawrence in Eastern Québec rarely consume these resources. Within a community-based food sovereignty project, Manger notre Saint-Laurent (‘‘Sustenance from our St. Lawrence''), members of participating communities (3 nonIndigenous, 1 Indigenous) identified a need for a web-based decision tool to help make informed consumption choices. Methods. We thus aimed to co-design a prototype website that facilitates informed choices about consuming local edible marine resources based on seasonal and regional availability, food safety, nutrition, and sustainability, with community members, regional stakeholders, and experts in user experience design and web development. We conducted 48 interviews with a variety of people over 3 iterative cycles, assessing the prototype's ease of use with a validated measure, the System Usability Scale. Results. Community members, regional stakeholders, and other experts identified problematic elements in initial versions of the website (e.g., confusing symbols). We resolved issues and added features people identified as useful. Usability scores reached ‘‘best imaginable'' for both the second and the third versions and did not differ significantly between sociodemographic groups. The final prototype includes a tool to explore each species and index cards to regroup accurate evidence relevant to each species. Conclusions. Engaging co-designers with different sociodemographic characteristics brought together a variety of perspectives. Several components would not have been included without co-designers' input; other components were greatly improved thanks to their feedback. Co-design approaches in research and intervention development are preferable to foster the inclusion of a variety of people. Once the prototype is programmed and available online, we hope to evaluate the website to determine its effects on food choices.

In a changing climate, there is an imperative to build coupled social-ecological systems—including fisheries—that can withstand or adapt to climate stressors. Although resilience theory identifies system attributes that supposedly confer resilience, these attributes have rarely been clearly defined, mechanistically explained, nor tested and applied to inform fisheries governance. Here, we develop and apply a comprehensive resilience framework to examine fishery systems across (a) ecological, (b) socio-economic and (c) governance dimensions using five resilience domains: assets, flexibility, organization, learning and agency. We distil and define 38 attributes that confer climate resilience from a coupled literature- and expert-driven approach, describe how they apply to fisheries and provide illustrative examples of resilience attributes in action. Our synthesis highlights that the directionality and mechanism of these attributes depend on the specific context, capacities, and scale of the focal fishery system and associated stressors, and we find evidence of interdependencies among attributes. Overall, however, we find few studies that test resilience attributes in fisheries across all parts of the system, with most examples focussing on the ecological dimension. As such, meaningful quantification of the attributes’ contributions to resilience remains a challenge. Our synthesis and holistic framework represent a starting point for critical application of resilience concepts to fisheries social-ecological systems.

Hypertension is a disease that is often found in primary health care. Hypertension can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. One way to prevent hypertension can be done through providing health education, particularly for people who are at risk of developing hypertension. This community service aimed to carry out early detection and increase the knowledge and awareness of the Talia coastal community about hypertension. This community service was carried out in April 2019 with the target of the Talia coastal community. The community service team came from the Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, which has expertise in the fields of nutrition and public health. This activity consisted of several stages, including the preparation stage which included community surveys, administrative and licensing arrangements, preparation of extension media in the form of leaflets and lecture materials, as well as preparing the tools used for blood pressure examinations, while the implementation stage included counseling in the form of lectures and leaflet distribution on hypertension and blood pressure examinations to the target community. Based on the results of observation, this activity was qualitatively considered successful even though it was still not optimal. Indicators of success can be shown through the ease of licensing and assistance from the Head of Talia Village, the target community who obtained knowledge about early prevention and proper control of hypertension, the community who found out their respective blood pressure, so they can be more aware of the importance of a healthy and balanced life and will regularly to check their blood pressure, and always actively participate until the end of the event. Abstrak Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering ditemukan pada pelayanan kesehatan primer. Hipertensi dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular. Salah satu cara pencegahan hipertensi yaitu melalui pendidikan kesehatan terutama pada

Coastal zones are historically rich with unique land/seascapes, tangible artifacts, and intangible cultural heritage. Coastal and maritime cultural heritage (CMCH) contends with various constraining conditions of the sea and shore—both geophysical and socially constructed—which we delineate to identify risks and threats to its sustainable management. In response to calls for the greater incorporation of CMCH in the name of regional development and blue growth, we propose a conceptual framework as a means to identify risks and sustainably manage CMCH. We develop the concepts of communities of meaning and communities of participation to address how CMCH is created and contested and identify key considerations for its management. Building on theories of space, place, and identity, the paper constructs communities of meaning in order to elaborate the various opportunities but also tensions in preserving CH and cultivating reliant enterprises as a part of wider regional development strategies. Working from this understanding of place and identity in degrees of inclusivity/exclusivity, the paper draws upon literature on deliberative and participatory governance, framed as communities of participation. These two concepts provide a vocabulary for managers to address calls for the promotion of CMCH and determine appropriate management strategies and governance based on policy objectives and the will of potentially multiple communities of meaning.

Coastal zones are historically rich with unique land/seascapes, tangible artifacts, and intangible cultural heritage. Coastal and maritime cultural heritage (CMCH) contends with various constraining conditions of the sea and shore—both geophysical and socially constructed—which we delineate to identify risks and threats to its sustainable management. In response to calls for the greater incorporation of CMCH in the name of regional development and blue growth, we propose a conceptual framework as a means to identify risks and sustainably manage CMCH. We develop the concepts of communities of meaning and communities of participation to address how CMCH is created and contested and identify key considerations for its management. Building on theories of space, place, and identity, the paper constructs communities of meaning in order to elaborate the various opportunities but also tensions in preserving CH and cultivating reliant enterprises as a part of wider regional development strategies. Working from this understanding of place and identity in degrees of inclusivity/exclusivity, the paper draws upon literature on deliberative and participatory governance, framed as communities of participation. These two concepts provide a vocabulary for managers to address calls for the promotion of CMCH and determine appropriate management strategies and governance based on policy objectives and the will of potentially multiple communities of meaning.

Climate change triggers a wide mosaic of regional and local responses, often different to the large-scale variability in magnitude and direction. Because of the psychological connections (cognitive and emotional) with the frequency, intensity and age of a climatic event, people may have the capacity to recognize key variations at lower scales, especially those from which they perceive risk. Yet, the anticipatory actions and social engagement to respond or adapt to climate change are difficult to achieve, mostly when there exists a long psychological distance to climatic phenomena. Research about climate change communication provides clues about the relevance of place based discussion to gauge risk perception and improve response protocols, their design and prioritization. It argues that strategies and actions required to face climate risks may widely differ depending on the scale and accuracy of the local representations displayed during discussions of climate impacts. This work examines how local attributes (from climate to social) operate and control place-specific risks and priorities, by comparing coastal communities in two locations, Cabo Pulmo, Mexico and Zanzibar, Tanzania, which are subject to different climate dynamics. This paper discusses the need to identify relevant climate risks/responses at the local level and how psycho-social factors (e.g., psychological distance, collective memory, and social engagement) may operate positively for building climate resilience. We also illustrate a workflow to increase and enhance collaboration between researchers and local people by promoting dialogue, participation and narratives that rigorously consider the local knowledge.

Ocean conditions can affect human health in a variety of ways that are often overlooked and unappreciated. Oceans adjacent to Canada are affected by many anthropogenic stressors, with implications for human health and well-being. Climate change further escalates these pressures and can expose coastal populations to unique health hazards and distressing conditions. However, current research efforts, education or training curriculums, and policies in Canada critically lack explicit consideration of these ocean–public health linkages. The objective of this paper is to present multiple disciplinary perspectives from academics and health practitioners to inform the development of future directions for research, capacity development, and policy and practice at the interface of oceans and human health in Canada. We synthesize major ocean and human health linkages in Canada, and identify climate-sensitive drivers of change, drawing attention to unique considerations in Canada. To support effective, sustained, and equitable collaborations at the nexus of oceans and human health, we recommend the need for progress in three critical areas: (i) holistic worldviews and perspectives, (ii) capacity development, and (iii) structural supports. Canada can play a key role in supporting the global community in addressing the health challenges of climate and ocean changes.

Coastal zones are historically rich with unique land/seascapes, tangible artifacts, and intangible cultural heritage. Coastal and maritime cultural heritage (CMCH) contends with various constraining conditions of the sea and shore—both geophysical and socially constructed—which we delineate to identify risks and threats to its sustainable management. In response to calls for the greater incorporation of CMCH in the name of regional development and blue growth, we propose a conceptual framework as a means to identify risks and sustainably manage CMCH. We develop the concepts of communities of meaning and communities of participation to address how CMCH is created and contested and identify key considerations for its management. Building on theories of space, place, and identity, the paper constructs communities of meaning in order to elaborate the various opportunities but also tensions in preserving CH and cultivating reliant enterprises as a part of wider regional development strategies. Working from this understanding of place and identity in degrees of inclusivity/exclusivity, the paper draws upon literature on deliberative and participatory governance, framed as communities of participation. These two concepts provide a vocabulary for managers to address calls for the promotion of CMCH and determine appropriate management strategies and governance based on policy objectives and the will of potentially multiple communities of meaning.

Hypertension is a disease that is often found in primary health care. Hypertension can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. One way to prevent hypertension can be done through providing health education, particularly for people who are at risk of developing hypertension. This community service aimed to carry out early detection and increase the knowledge and awareness of the Talia coastal community about hypertension. This community service was carried out in April 2019 with the target of the Talia coastal community. The community service team came from the Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, which has expertise in the fields of nutrition and public health. This activity consisted of several stages, including the preparation stage which included community surveys, administrative and licensing arrangements, preparation of extension media in the form of leaflets and lecture materials, as well as preparing the tools used for blood pressure examinations, while the implementation stage included counseling in the form of lectures and leaflet distribution on hypertension and blood pressure examinations to the target community. Based on the results of observation, this activity was qualitatively considered successful even though it was still not optimal. Indicators of success can be shown through the ease of licensing and assistance from the Head of Talia Village, the target community who obtained knowledge about early prevention and proper control of hypertension, the community who found out their respective blood pressure, so they can be more aware of the importance of a healthy and balanced life and will regularly to check their blood pressure, and always actively participate until the end of the event. Abstrak Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering ditemukan pada pelayanan kesehatan primer. Hipertensi dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular. Salah satu cara pencegahan hipertensi yaitu melalui pendidikan kesehatan terutama pada

Coastal zones are historically rich with unique land/seascapes, tangible artifacts, and intangible cultural heritage. Coastal and maritime cultural heritage (CMCH) contends with various constraining conditions of the sea and shore—both geophysical and socially constructed—which we delineate to identify risks and threats to its sustainable management. In response to calls for the greater incorporation of CMCH in the name of regional development and blue growth, we propose a conceptual framework as a means to identify risks and sustainably manage CMCH. We develop the concepts of communities of meaning and communities of participation to address how CMCH is created and contested and identify key considerations for its management. Building on theories of space, place, and identity, the paper constructs communities of meaning in order to elaborate the various opportunities but also tensions in preserving CH and cultivating reliant enterprises as a part of wider regional development strategies. Working from this understanding of place and identity in degrees of inclusivity/exclusivity, the paper draws upon literature on deliberative and participatory governance, framed as communities of participation. These two concepts provide a vocabulary for managers to address calls for the promotion of CMCH and determine appropriate management strategies and governance based on policy objectives and the will of potentially multiple communities of meaning.

Ocean conditions can affect human health in a variety of ways that are often overlooked and unappreciated. Oceans adjacent to Canada are affected by many anthropogenic stressors, with implications for human health and well-being. Climate change further escalates these pressures and can expose coastal populations to unique health hazards and distressing conditions. However, current research efforts, education or training curriculums, and policies in Canada critically lack explicit consideration of these ocean–public health linkages. The objective of this paper is to present multiple disciplinary perspectives from academics and health practitioners to inform the development of future directions for research, capacity development, and policy and practice at the interface of oceans and human health in Canada. We synthesize major ocean and human health linkages in Canada, and identify climate-sensitive drivers of change, drawing attention to unique considerations in Canada. To support effective, sustained, and equitable collaborations at the nexus of oceans and human health, we recommend the need for progress in three critical areas: (i) holistic worldviews and perspectives, (ii) capacity development, and (iii) structural supports. Canada can play a key role in supporting the global community in addressing the health challenges of climate and ocean changes.

Small-scale fishing communities are expected to adapt to fish catch fluctuations linked to global environmental change. Notwithstanding, impacts from severe climate events and overexploitation of fisheries resources can compromise functions and resilience of ecosystems and associated species, and thereby jeopardize long-term population trend stability and fisheries productivity. To date, most assessments and vulnerability studies of fisheries-dependent populaces have focused on global, regional and national levels, while studies at village and community levels, where adaptive planning in the context of climate- and environmental changes is important, are less common. Based on data from official fishery records over a three-decadal period (1984–2016) and recent interviews with artisanal fishermen (319 fishers from eight communities) along the Tanzanian coast, we assessed small-scale fisheries with regard to (i) long-term trends in fishery landings, (ii) long-term alterations in fishing gear use, and (iii) fishers’ perceptions on how they have been coping and adapting to fluctuating fish landings. We further investigated (iv) the adaptive capacity of a wide range of coastal villages by assessing the fishers’ responses to an anticipated future scenario of a major (50 %) decline in landings from the current fisheries catch levels. The long-term trend records of fish landings showed a remarkable ∼50 % reduction in terms of both catch per vessel and catch per fisher from 1984 to 2016. According to the interviews, the majority of fishers (75 %) have changed fishing grounds from nearshore to offshore areas during the last decade, owing to a general perception that nearshore areas have suffered major reduction in fish stocks (due to overfishing and environmental changes related to extreme climate- or weather events), while offshore areas were considered still productive. The change in location of fishing grounds is probably a result of the clear switch in major gear type uti

Coastal residents are quite often expected to consume a significant amount of aquatic resources, though historical evidence often reveals a rather complex diet. To better understand the actual consumption and the distribution of various foods, stable isotope (delta C-13 and delta N-15) analyses were employed to skeletal remains from three coastal communities, Palanga, Kretinga and Smelte, ranging in date from the medieval period to the early modern ages (14th-early 20th c.) near the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea in Lithuania Animal bones from the region, covering the same time periods, were also analysed. Stable isotope results were compared with historical records. According to historical sources different types of diet were prevalent during that period of time: Medieval Prussian-Lithuanian peasant, Lithuanian fisherman, German urban, and religious-based. Elevated delta N-15 values for Smelte samples suggest a diet consisting of considerable amounts of freshwater fish protein, which is in contrast to historical sources. There were no significant differences in stable isotope values between males and females, while subadult delta N-15 values were significantly higher than adult ones, indicating that those children were breastfed for an extended period. Meanwhile, Palanga and Kretinga samples had isotope values suggesting a high reliance on terrestrial resources and a peasant type of diet.

The access to drinking water supply and adequate sanitation is part of Agenda 2030 for the Sustainable Development. Seen as a sanitary measure of the environment, able to make it healthy, sanitation is a service that lends itself to a public, regardless the legal nature of its organization. The objective of the present study is to identify the main variables that make up the sanitation item in a riverine community located in an environmentally protected area in the Brazilian Amazon. It is a longitudinal study, of a descriptive and ecological nature, based on field research with the application of structured questionnaires and direct observation. The sanitation conditions found were precarious or minimally guaranteed. The widespread use of "sewage cesspits" and the difficulty in supplying drinking water was worrisome, indicating the need for some form of intervention that could correct this trend. It is concluded that the analysis of community sanitation conditions, examined in a temporal scale, allows the observation of the behavior of the variables that make up the indicator used and, in this way, the detection of risks or vulnerabilities that can, with the persistence of negative trends economic, social and environmental aspects that characterize the sustainability of these communities., O acesso ao fornecimento de água potável e às condições adequadas de saneamento faz parte da Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Visto como medida higienizadora do ambiente, capaz de torná-lo salubre, atendendo às necessidades humanas, o saneamento é um serviço que se presta a um público, a um coletivo, independente da natureza jurídica de sua organização. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar o comportamento das principais variáveis que compõem o item saneamento em uma comunidade ribeirinha localizada em área ambientalmente protegida na Amazônia brasileira. Trata-se de estudo longitudinal, de natureza descritiva e ecológica, baseado em pesquisa de campo, com aplicação de questionários estruturados e observação direta. As condições de saneamento encontradas mostraram-se precárias ou minimamente garantidas. O uso disseminado de “fossas negras” para lançamento do esgoto e a dificuldade no abastecimento de água potável mostraram-se preocupantes, indicando a necessidade de alguma forma de intervenção que possa corrigir essa tendência. Conclui-se que a análise das condições de saneamento da comunidade, examinadas em escala temporal, permite a observação do comportamento das variáveis que compõem o indicador utilizado e, dessa forma, a detecção de riscos ou vulnerabilidades que podem, ao persistirem as tendências negativas encontradas, comprometer aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais que caracterizam a sustentabilidade daquelas comunidades., El acceso al agua potable y al saneamiento adecuado es parte de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible. Visto como una medida desinfectante del medio ambiente, capaz de hacerlo saludable, satisfaciendo las necesidades humanas, el saneamiento es un servicio que se presta a un público, a un colectivo, independientemente de la naturaleza legal de su organización. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar el comportamiento de las principales variables que componen el elemento de saneamiento en una comunidad ribereña ubicada en un área ambientalmente protegida en la Amazonía brasileña. Este es un estudio longitudinal, descriptivo y ecológico, basado en la investigación de campo utilizando cuestionarios estructurados y observación directa. Las condiciones de saneamiento encontradas fueron precarias o mínimamente garantizadas. El uso generalizado de "sumideros negros" para la eliminación de aguas residuales y la dificultad para suministrar agua potable eran preocupantes, lo que indica la necesidad de alguna forma de intervención que pueda corregir esta tendencia. Se concluye que el análisis de las condiciones de saneamiento de la comunidad, examinado en una escala de tiempo, permite la observación del comportamiento de las variables que componen el indicador utilizado y, por lo tanto, la detección de riesgos o vulnerabilidades que pueden, cuando persisten tendencias negativas encontrado, comprometer los aspectos económicos, sociales y ambientales que caracterizan la sostenibilidad de esas comunidades.

The first part of this essay describes the settings of fisheries and civil society organizations (CSO, one type of NGO) in Mexico in the early 21st century. The second presents a comparative analysis, from the so-called “Do no Harm” perspective, of five interventions carried out by a CSO to achieve the establishment of fully-protected marine reserves in northwestern Mexico. The role of CSOS identified as environmentalist has changed significantly in the last decade, as they work to achieve a balance among environmental health, socioeconomic well-being and good governance. One of the main pitfalls into which CSOS tend to stumble occurs when they cease to listen to the voices of communities and adopt paternalistic attitudes that, while perhaps noble, may cause projects to fail. In the words of one fisherman: “their heart wins, not their head”., Resumen: En la primera parte del artículo se presenta tanto el contexto pesquero como el de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en México a inicios del siglo XXI. En la segunda parte se hace un análisis comparativo, usando la metodología Acción Sin Daño, de cinco intervenciones realizadas por una Organización de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) para lograr la implementación de reservas marinas completamente protegidas en el noroeste del país. El papel de las OSC identificadas como ambientalistas ha ido cambiando significativamente en la última década, éstas trabajan en lograr un equilibrio de bienestar ambiental, socioeconómico y de gobernanza. Una de las principales trampas en que caen las OSC es dejar de escuchar a las comunidades, y entrar con una actitud paternalista, lo cual muy probablemente, aun cuando nobles, harán que los proyectos fracasen. En palabras de un pescador “les gana el corazón y no la cabeza”.

This article presents a bibliometric study of the production published in ten Spanish Geographic journals, that are considered the main means of diffusion of the investigation carried out by geographers in Spain. In particular, we consider geographic research related to the study of coastal communities, the organization of their societies, and the characterization of the activities related to the sea and the coastal spaces. We emphasize that this theme is concentrated in a few journals, in certain lines of research, and in a small number of authors. This situation is common in all the Spanish Regions, even in those where these activities have a great socio-economic weight. We advance a series of conclusions regarding the causes of this situation and propose some work topics., En este trabajo se realiza un estudio bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en diez revistas geográficas españolas, en tanto son consideradas el principal medio de difusión de la investigación realizada por geógrafos en España, con el objetivo de evaluar las aportaciones relacionadas con el estudio de las actividades pesqueras y marítimas, con el marco espacial, jurídico y normativo en que se desarrollan, y relativos a la gobernanza del mar y de los espacios litorales. Se destaca que la temática abordada aparece concentrada en unas pocas revistas, en unas determinadas líneas de investigación, y en un reducido número de autores. Esta situación es general en todas las regiones españolas, incluso en aquellas en donde estas actividades tienen un gran peso socioeconómico. Se avanzan una serie de conclusiones relativas a los motivos causantes de esta situación.

The first part of this essay describes the settings of fisheries and civil society organizations (CSO, one type of NGO) in Mexico in the early 21st century. The second presents a comparative analysis, from the so-called “Do no Harm” perspective, of five interventions carried out by a CSO to achieve the establishment of fully-protected marine reserves in northwestern Mexico. The role of CSOS identified as environmentalist has changed significantly in the last decade, as they work to achieve a balance among environmental health, socioeconomic well-being and good governance. One of the main pitfalls into which CSOS tend to stumble occurs when they cease to listen to the voices of communities and adopt paternalistic attitudes that, while perhaps noble, may cause projects to fail. In the words of one fisherman: “their heart wins, not their head”., Resumen: En la primera parte del artículo se presenta tanto el contexto pesquero como el de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en México a inicios del siglo XXI. En la segunda parte se hace un análisis comparativo, usando la metodología Acción Sin Daño, de cinco intervenciones realizadas por una Organización de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) para lograr la implementación de reservas marinas completamente protegidas en el noroeste del país. El papel de las OSC identificadas como ambientalistas ha ido cambiando significativamente en la última década, éstas trabajan en lograr un equilibrio de bienestar ambiental, socioeconómico y de gobernanza. Una de las principales trampas en que caen las OSC es dejar de escuchar a las comunidades, y entrar con una actitud paternalista, lo cual muy probablemente, aun cuando nobles, harán que los proyectos fracasen. En palabras de un pescador “les gana el corazón y no la cabeza”.

As has been stated previously that climate change is a topical problem that requires urgent action, a study is presented with the objective of analyzing the level of knowledge and perception about climate change in three coastal communities in the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico. The technique used was the conducting surveys, a total of 193 questionnaires were applied. The questions focused on topics such as the conceptualization of climate change, the impact of climate change on livelihoods, among others. The results show that a high percentage of people perceive a change in climate, mainly in temperature and that approximately, in a quarter of the population surveyed a level of acceptable knowledge about climate change is perceived. Citizens are receptive to receive training and to implement mitigation and adaptation strategies., El cambio climático es un problema de actualidad que requiere acción urgente, se presenta un estudio con el objetivo de analizar el nivel de conocimiento y percepción acerca del fenómeno estudiado en tres comunidades costeras del municipio de Guasave, Sinaloa, México. La técnica utilizada para obtener la información fue la aplicación de encuestas, en total 193 cuestionarios que se enfocaron en temas como la conceptualización del cambio climático, su impacto en los medios de vida, entre otros. Los resultados revelan que un elevado porcentaje de personas percibe un cambio en el clima, principalmente en la temperatura y que aproximadamente en un cuarto de la población encuestada se percibe un nivel de conocimiento aceptable del tema. Los ciudadanos se muestran receptivos para recibir información relacionada con el mismo y para implementar estrategias de mitigación y adaptación.

The first part of this essay describes the settings of fisheries and civil society organizations (CSO, one type of NGO) in Mexico in the early 21st century. The second presents a comparative analysis, from the so-called “Do no Harm” perspective, of five interventions carried out by a CSO to achieve the establishment of fully-protected marine reserves in northwestern Mexico. The role of CSOS identified as environmentalist has changed significantly in the last decade, as they work to achieve a balance among environmental health, socioeconomic well-being and good governance. One of the main pitfalls into which CSOS tend to stumble occurs when they cease to listen to the voices of communities and adopt paternalistic attitudes that, while perhaps noble, may cause projects to fail. In the words of one fisherman: “their heart wins, not their head”., Resumen: En la primera parte del artículo se presenta tanto el contexto pesquero como el de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en México a inicios del siglo XXI. En la segunda parte se hace un análisis comparativo, usando la metodología Acción Sin Daño, de cinco intervenciones realizadas por una Organización de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) para lograr la implementación de reservas marinas completamente protegidas en el noroeste del país. El papel de las OSC identificadas como ambientalistas ha ido cambiando significativamente en la última década, éstas trabajan en lograr un equilibrio de bienestar ambiental, socioeconómico y de gobernanza. Una de las principales trampas en que caen las OSC es dejar de escuchar a las comunidades, y entrar con una actitud paternalista, lo cual muy probablemente, aun cuando nobles, harán que los proyectos fracasen. En palabras de un pescador “les gana el corazón y no la cabeza”.

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en diez revistas geográficas españolas, en tanto son consideradas el principal medio de difusión de la investigación realizada por geógrafos en España, con el objetivo de evaluar las aportaciones relacionadas con el estudio de las actividades pesqueras y marítimas, con el marco espacial, jurídico y normativo en que se desarrollan, y relativos a la gobernanza del mar y de los espacios litorales. Se destaca que la temática abordada aparece concentrada en unas pocas revistas, en unas determinadas líneas de investigación, y en un reducido número de autores. Esta situación es general en todas las regiones españolas, incluso en aquellas en donde estas actividades tienen un gran peso socioeconómico. Se avanzan una serie de conclusiones relativas a los motivos causantes de esta situación., This article presents a bibliometric study of the production published in ten Spanish Geographic journals, that are considered the main means of diffusion of the investigation carried out by geographers in Spain. In particular, we consider geographic research related to the study of coastal communities, the organization of their societies, and the characterization of the activities related to the sea and the coastal spaces. We emphasize that this theme is concentrated in a few journals, in certain lines of research, and in a small number of authors. This situation is common in all the Spanish Regions, even in those where these activities have a great socio-economic weight. We advance a series of conclusions regarding the causes of this situation and propose some work topics.

The first part of this essay describes the settings of fisheries and civil society organizations (CSO, one type of NGO) in Mexico in the early 21st century. The second presents a comparative analysis, from the so-called “Do no Harm” perspective, of five interventions carried out by a CSO to achieve the establishment of fully-protected marine reserves in northwestern Mexico. The role of CSOS identified as environmentalist has changed significantly in the last decade, as they work to achieve a balance among environmental health, socioeconomic well-being and good governance. One of the main pitfalls into which CSOS tend to stumble occurs when they cease to listen to the voices of communities and adopt paternalistic attitudes that, while perhaps noble, may cause projects to fail. In the words of one fisherman: “their heart wins, not their head”., Resumen: En la primera parte del artículo se presenta tanto el contexto pesquero como el de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en México a inicios del siglo XXI. En la segunda parte se hace un análisis comparativo, usando la metodología Acción Sin Daño, de cinco intervenciones realizadas por una Organización de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) para lograr la implementación de reservas marinas completamente protegidas en el noroeste del país. El papel de las OSC identificadas como ambientalistas ha ido cambiando significativamente en la última década, éstas trabajan en lograr un equilibrio de bienestar ambiental, socioeconómico y de gobernanza. Una de las principales trampas en que caen las OSC es dejar de escuchar a las comunidades, y entrar con una actitud paternalista, lo cual muy probablemente, aun cuando nobles, harán que los proyectos fracasen. En palabras de un pescador “les gana el corazón y no la cabeza”.

This article presents a bibliometric study of the production published in ten Spanish Geographic journals, that are considered the main means of diffusion of the investigation carried out by geographers in Spain. In particular, we consider geographic research related to the study of coastal communities, the organization of their societies, and the characterization of the activities related to the sea and the coastal spaces. We emphasize that this theme is concentrated in a few journals, in certain lines of research, and in a small number of authors. This situation is common in all the Spanish Regions, even in those where these activities have a great socio-economic weight. We advance a series of conclusions regarding the causes of this situation and propose some work topics., En este trabajo se realiza un estudio bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en diez revistas geográficas españolas, en tanto son consideradas el principal medio de difusión de la investigación realizada por geógrafos en España, con el objetivo de evaluar las aportaciones relacionadas con el estudio de las actividades pesqueras y marítimas, con el marco espacial, jurídico y normativo en que se desarrollan, y relativos a la gobernanza del mar y de los espacios litorales. Se destaca que la temática abordada aparece concentrada en unas pocas revistas, en unas determinadas líneas de investigación, y en un reducido número de autores. Esta situación es general en todas las regiones españolas, incluso en aquellas en donde estas actividades tienen un gran peso socioeconómico. Se avanzan una serie de conclusiones relativas a los motivos causantes de esta situación.

As has been stated previously that climate change is a topical problem that requires urgent action, a study is presented with the objective of analyzing the level of knowledge and perception about climate change in three coastal communities in the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico. The technique used was the conducting surveys, a total of 193 questionnaires were applied. The questions focused on topics such as the conceptualization of climate change, the impact of climate change on livelihoods, among others. The results show that a high percentage of people perceive a change in climate, mainly in temperature and that approximately, in a quarter of the population surveyed a level of acceptable knowledge about climate change is perceived. Citizens are receptive to receive training and to implement mitigation and adaptation strategies., El cambio climático es un problema de actualidad que requiere acción urgente, se presenta un estudio con el objetivo de analizar el nivel de conocimiento y percepción acerca del fenómeno estudiado en tres comunidades costeras del municipio de Guasave, Sinaloa, México. La técnica utilizada para obtener la información fue la aplicación de encuestas, en total 193 cuestionarios que se enfocaron en temas como la conceptualización del cambio climático, su impacto en los medios de vida, entre otros. Los resultados revelan que un elevado porcentaje de personas percibe un cambio en el clima, principalmente en la temperatura y que aproximadamente en un cuarto de la población encuestada se percibe un nivel de conocimiento aceptable del tema. Los ciudadanos se muestran receptivos para recibir información relacionada con el mismo y para implementar estrategias de mitigación y adaptación.

Presentation to Environmental Business Council of New England, Inc., EBC Climate Change Program Series, Part Four: Adaptation and Resiliency Programs at Institutions, Boston, MA, June 23, 2017., Many US coastal communities have experienced decades of expanding population growth, in-volving the construction of private residences, businesses, and public infrastructures in near-coast areas. In the United States, counties directly on the shoreline account for more than 126 million people or 39 percent of the nation’s population. Coasts are marked by a concentration of not only population but also of wealth: the income per capita of US coastal counties is more than eight times that of inland counties. Coastal communities depend on coastal natural and human capital for businesses, livelihoods, and flows of market-based and nonmarket ecosystem services. In the face of these demographic trends, coastal communities and their citizens face increasingly urgent challenges concerning how they should respond to natural hazards. Residents and property owners immediately on the coast have become exposed increasingly to tidal flooding and other hazards arising from so-called “king tides” (perihelic-perigean spring tides), storm events, including surges, and shoreline change, especially erosion. These hazards are exacerbated further by rising sea levels due to climate change. Where manmade capital is perceived to be at risk from coastal hazards, humans have responded typically by replenishing beaches or by building hard structural protections, such as seawalls, to protect their communities and properties. Often, these solutions are only temporary or they may lead to external effects, such as accelerated erosion down-drift of structures, unexpected property damages when structures are overtopped or fail, or losses of environmental amenities due to unexpected and unintended shoreline changes. Citizens, coastal residents, businesses, environmentalists, and politicians alike point to factors contributing to “community resilience” as remedies to the problems of coastal hazards. The term has become a catchword, something that every person, thing, or system apparently needs to surv, NSF Award Nos. CNH-518503, GEO-0815875, OCE-1333826 (to VIMS); Northeast Regional Sea Grant Consortium Award No. 2014-R/P-NERR-14-1-REG

Presentation to Environmental Business Council of New England, Inc., EBC Climate Change Program Series, Part Four: Adaptation and Resiliency Programs at Institutions, Boston, MA, June 23, 2017., Many US coastal communities have experienced decades of expanding population growth, in-volving the construction of private residences, businesses, and public infrastructures in near-coast areas. In the United States, counties directly on the shoreline account for more than 126 million people or 39 percent of the nation’s population. Coasts are marked by a concentration of not only population but also of wealth: the income per capita of US coastal counties is more than eight times that of inland counties. Coastal communities depend on coastal natural and human capital for businesses, livelihoods, and flows of market-based and nonmarket ecosystem services. In the face of these demographic trends, coastal communities and their citizens face increasingly urgent challenges concerning how they should respond to natural hazards. Residents and property owners immediately on the coast have become exposed increasingly to tidal flooding and other hazards arising from so-called “king tides” (perihelic-perigean spring tides), storm events, including surges, and shoreline change, especially erosion. These hazards are exacerbated further by rising sea levels due to climate change. Where manmade capital is perceived to be at risk from coastal hazards, humans have responded typically by replenishing beaches or by building hard structural protections, such as seawalls, to protect their communities and properties. Often, these solutions are only temporary or they may lead to external effects, such as accelerated erosion down-drift of structures, unexpected property damages when structures are overtopped or fail, or losses of environmental amenities due to unexpected and unintended shoreline changes. Citizens, coastal residents, businesses, environmentalists, and politicians alike point to factors contributing to “community resilience” as remedies to the problems of coastal hazards. The term has become a catchword, something that every person, thing, or system apparently needs to surv, NSF Award Nos. CNH-518503, GEO-0815875, OCE-1333826 (to VIMS); Northeast Regional Sea Grant Consortium Award No. 2014-R/P-NERR-14-1-REG

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