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1. Progress in coupling MPGD-based Photon Detectors with Nanodiamond Photocathodes

Author: Brunbauer, F. M., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Crespo, M. L., D'Ago, D., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Ligonzo, T., Lisowska, M., Leone, M. S., Rai, R., Ropelewski, L., Tessarotto, F., Triloki, Valentini, A., Velardi, L., Brunbauer, F. M., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Crespo, M. L., D'Ago, D., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Ligonzo, T., Lisowska, M., Leone, M. S., Rai, R., Ropelewski, L., Tessarotto, F., Triloki, Valentini, A., and Velardi, L.
Abstract: The next generation of gaseous photon detectors is requested to overcome the limitations of the available technology, in terms of resolution and robustness. The quest for a novel photocathode, sensitive in the far vacuum ultra violet wavelength range and more robust than present ones, motivated an R&D programme to explore nanodiamond based photoconverters, which represent the most promising alternative to cesium iodine. A procedure for producing the novel photocathodes has been defined and applied on THGEMs samples. Systematic measurements of the photo emission in different Ar/CH4 and Ar/CO2 gas mixtures with various types of nanodiamond powders have been performed. A comparative study of the response of THGEMs before and after coating demonstrated their full compatibility with the novel photocathodes.
Published: 2024
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2. Neurological assessment tool for screening infants during the first year after birth: The Brief-Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination

Author: Romeo, D. M., Velli, Chiara, Sini, Francesca, Pede, Elisa, Cicala, G., Cowan, F. M., Ricci, Daniela, Brogna, Claudia, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Velli C., Sini F., Pede E., Ricci D., Brogna C., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Romeo, D. M., Velli, Chiara, Sini, Francesca, Pede, Elisa, Cicala, G., Cowan, F. M., Ricci, Daniela, Brogna, Claudia, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Velli C., Sini F., Pede E., Ricci D., Brogna C., and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: Aim: To develop a short version of the original Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) to be used as a screening tool (Brief-HINE) and to establish if the short examination maintains good accuracy and predictive power for detecting infants with cerebral palsy (CP). Method: Eleven items were selected from the original HINE (‘visual response’; ‘trunk posture’; ‘movement quantity’; ‘movement quality’; ‘scarf sign’; ‘hip adductor angles’; ‘popliteal angle’; ‘pull to sit’; ‘lateral tilting’; ‘forward parachute reaction’; ‘tendon reflexes’) identifying those items previously found to be more predictive of CP in both low- and high-risk infants. In order to establish the sensitivity of the new module, the selected items were applied to existing data, previously obtained using the full HINE at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, in 228 infants with typical development at 2 years and in 82 infants who developed CP. Results: Brief-HINE scores showed good sensitivity and specificity, at each age of assessment, for detecting infants with CP. At 3 months, a score of less than 22 was associated with CP with a sensitivity of 0.88 and a specificity of 0.92; at 6, 9, and 12 months, the cut-off scores were less than 25 (sensitivity 0.93; specificity 0.87), less than 27 (sensitivity 0.95; specificity 0.81), and less than 27 (sensitivity 1; specificity 0.86) respectively. The presence of more than one warning sign, or items that are not optimal for the age of assessment, imply the need for a full examination reassessment. Interpretation: These findings support the validity of the Brief-HINE as a routine screening method and the possibility of its use in clinical practice.
Published: 2024

3. Gain and loss of upper limb abilities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients: A 24-month study

Author: Coratti, Giorgia, Pane, Marika, Brogna, Claudia, D'Amico, A., Pegoraro, E., Bello, L., Sansone, V. A., Albamonte, E., Ferraroli, Elisabetta, Mazzone, Elena Stacy, Fanelli, L., Messina, S., Sframeli, M., Catteruccia, M., Cicala, G., Capasso, Anna, Ricci, M., Frosini, S., De Luca, G., Rolle, E., De Sanctis, Roberto, Forcina, N., Norcia, G., Passamano, L., Scutifero, M., Gardani, A., Pini, A., Monaco, G., D'Angelo Bozzi, Michele Giovanni, Leone, D., Zanin, Renata, Vita, G. L., Panicucci, C., Bruno, C., Mongini, T., Ricci, F., Berardinelli, A., Battini, Roberta, Masson, R., Baranello, Giovanni, Dosi, C., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Nigro, V., Politano, L., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Brogna C., Ferraroli E., Mazzone E. S., Capasso A., De Sanctis R., D'Angelo M. G., Zanin R., Battini R., Baranello G., Bertini E., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Coratti, Giorgia, Pane, Marika, Brogna, Claudia, D'Amico, A., Pegoraro, E., Bello, L., Sansone, V. A., Albamonte, E., Ferraroli, Elisabetta, Mazzone, Elena Stacy, Fanelli, L., Messina, S., Sframeli, M., Catteruccia, M., Cicala, G., Capasso, Anna, Ricci, M., Frosini, S., De Luca, G., Rolle, E., De Sanctis, Roberto, Forcina, N., Norcia, G., Passamano, L., Scutifero, M., Gardani, A., Pini, A., Monaco, G., D'Angelo Bozzi, Michele Giovanni, Leone, D., Zanin, Renata, Vita, G. L., Panicucci, C., Bruno, C., Mongini, T., Ricci, F., Berardinelli, A., Battini, Roberta, Masson, R., Baranello, Giovanni, Dosi, C., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Nigro, V., Politano, L., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Brogna C., Ferraroli E., Mazzone E. S., Capasso A., De Sanctis R., D'Angelo M. G., Zanin R., Battini R., Baranello G., Bertini E., and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular condition characterized by muscle weakness. The Performance of upper limb (PUL) test is designed to evaluate upper limb function in DMD patients across three domains. The aim of this study is to identify frequently lost or gained PUL 2.0 abilities at distinct functional stages in DMD patients. This retrospective study analyzed prospectively collected data on 24-month PUL 2.0 changes related to ambulatory function. Ambulant patients were categorized based on initial 6MWT distance, non-ambulant patients by time since ambulation loss. Each PUL 2.0 item was classified as shift up, no change, or shift down. The study's cohort incuded 274 patients, with 626 paired evaluations at the 24-month mark. Among these, 55.1 % had activity loss, while 29.1 % had gains. Ambulant patients showed the lowest loss rates, mainly in the shoulder domain. The highest loss rate was in the shoulder domain in the transitioning subgroup and in elbow and distal domains in the non-ambulant patients. Younger ambulant patients demonstrated multiple gains, whereas in the other functional subgroups there were fewer gains, mostly tied to singular activities. Our findings highlight divergent upper limb domain progression, partly linked to functional status and baseline function.
Published: 2024

4. AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry

Author: Ghanbari, F, Joyce, T, Lorenzoni, V, Guaricci, A, Pavon, A, Fusini, L, Andreini, D, Rabbat, M, Aquaro, G, Abete, R, Bogaert, J, Camastra, G, Carigi, S, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Censi, S, Cicala, G, De Cecco, C, De Lazzari, M, Di Giovine, G, Di Roma, M, Focardi, M, Gaibazzi, N, Gismondi, A, Gravina, M, Lanzillo, C, Lombardi, M, Lozano-Torres, J, Masi, A, Moro, C, Muscogiuri, G, Nese, A, Pradella, S, Sbarbati, S, Schoepf, U, Valentini, A, Crelier, G, Masci, P, Pontone, G, Kozerke, S, Schwitter, J, Ghanbari F., Joyce T., Lorenzoni V., Guaricci A. I., Pavon A. -G., Fusini L., Andreini D., Rabbat M. G., Aquaro G. D., Abete R., Bogaert J., Camastra G., Carigi S., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Censi S., Cicala G., De Cecco C. N., De Lazzari M., Di Giovine G., Di Roma M., Focardi M., Gaibazzi N., Gismondi A., Gravina M., Lanzillo C., Lombardi M., Lozano-Torres J., Masi A., Moro C., Muscogiuri G., Nese A., Pradella S., Sbarbati S., Schoepf U. J., Valentini A., Crelier G., Masci P. G., Pontone G., Kozerke S., Schwitter J., Ghanbari, F, Joyce, T, Lorenzoni, V, Guaricci, A, Pavon, A, Fusini, L, Andreini, D, Rabbat, M, Aquaro, G, Abete, R, Bogaert, J, Camastra, G, Carigi, S, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Censi, S, Cicala, G, De Cecco, C, De Lazzari, M, Di Giovine, G, Di Roma, M, Focardi, M, Gaibazzi, N, Gismondi, A, Gravina, M, Lanzillo, C, Lombardi, M, Lozano-Torres, J, Masi, A, Moro, C, Muscogiuri, G, Nese, A, Pradella, S, Sbarbati, S, Schoepf, U, Valentini, A, Crelier, G, Masci, P, Pontone, G, Kozerke, S, Schwitter, J, Ghanbari F., Joyce T., Lorenzoni V., Guaricci A. I., Pavon A. -G., Fusini L., Andreini D., Rabbat M. G., Aquaro G. D., Abete R., Bogaert J., Camastra G., Carigi S., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Censi S., Cicala G., De Cecco C. N., De Lazzari M., Di Giovine G., Di Roma M., Focardi M., Gaibazzi N., Gismondi A., Gravina M., Lanzillo C., Lombardi M., Lozano-Torres J., Masi A., Moro C., Muscogiuri G., Nese A., Pradella S., Sbarbati S., Schoepf U. J., Valentini A., Crelier G., Masci P. G., Pontone G., Kozerke S., and Schwitter J.
Abstract: Background: Scar burden with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI (CMR) predicts arrhythmic events in patients with postinfarction in single-center studies. However, LGE analysis requires experienced human observers, is time consuming, and introduces variability. Purpose: To test whether postinfarct scar with LGE CMR can be quantified fully automatically by machines and to compare the ability of LGE CMR scar analyzed by humans and machines to predict arrhythmic events. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of the multicenter, multivendor CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy (DERIVATE) registry. Patients with chronic heart failure, echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%, and LGE CMR were recruited (from January 2015 through December 2020). In the current study, only patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy were included. Quantification of total, dense, and nondense scars was carried out by two experienced readers or a Ternaus network, trained and tested with LGE images of 515 and 246 patients, respectively. Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were used to assess patient and cardiac characteristics associated with a major adverse cardiac event (MACE). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare model performances. Results: In 761 patients (mean age, 65 years ± 11, 671 men), 83 MACEs occurred. With use of the testing group, univariable Cox-analysis found New York Heart Association class, left ventricle volume and/or function parameters (by echocardiography or CMR), guideline criterion (LVEF of ≤35% and New York Heart Association class II or III), and LGE scar analyzed by humans or the machine-learning algorithm as predictors of MACE. Machine-based dense or total scar conferred incremental value over the guideline criterion for the association with MACE (AUC: 0.68 vs 0.63, P = .02 and AUC: 0.67 vs 0.63
Published: 2023

5. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Prophylactic Implantable-Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: The DERIVATE–ICM International Registry

Author: Pontone, G, Guaricci, A, Fusini, L, Baggiano, A, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Volpe, A, Abete, R, Aquaro, G, Barison, A, Bogaert, J, Camastra, G, Carigi, S, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Censi, S, Cicala, G, De Cecco, C, De Lazzari, M, Di Giovine, G, Di Roma, M, Dobrovie, M, Focardi, M, Gaibazzi, N, Gismondi, A, Gravina, M, Lanzillo, C, Lombardi, M, Lorenzoni, V, Lozano-Torres, J, Martini, C, Marzo, F, Masi, A, Memeo, R, Moro, C, Nese, A, Palumbo, A, Pavon, A, Pedrotti, P, Marra, M, Pica, S, Pradella, S, Presicci, C, Rabbat, M, Raineri, C, Rodriguez-Palomares, J, Sbarbati, S, Schoepf, U, Squeri, A, Sverzellati, N, Symons, R, Tat, E, Timpani, M, Todiere, G, Valentini, A, Varga-Szemes, A, Masci, P, Schwitter, J, Pontone G., Guaricci A. I., Fusini L., Baggiano A., Guglielmo M., Muscogiuri G., Volpe A., Abete R., Aquaro G., Barison A., Bogaert J., Camastra G., Carigi S., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Censi S., Cicala G., De Cecco C. N., De Lazzari M., Di Giovine G., Di Roma M., Dobrovie M., Focardi M., Gaibazzi N., Gismondi A., Gravina M., Lanzillo C., Lombardi M., Lorenzoni V., Lozano-Torres J., Martini C., Marzo F., Masi A., Memeo R., Moro C., Nese A., Palumbo A., Pavon A. G., Pedrotti P., Marra M. P., Pica S., Pradella S., Presicci C., Rabbat M. G., Raineri C., Rodriguez-Palomares J. F., Sbarbati S., Schoepf U. J., Squeri A., Sverzellati N., Symons R., Tat E., Timpani M., Todiere G., Valentini A., Varga-Szemes A., Masci P. -G., Schwitter J., Pontone, G, Guaricci, A, Fusini, L, Baggiano, A, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Volpe, A, Abete, R, Aquaro, G, Barison, A, Bogaert, J, Camastra, G, Carigi, S, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Censi, S, Cicala, G, De Cecco, C, De Lazzari, M, Di Giovine, G, Di Roma, M, Dobrovie, M, Focardi, M, Gaibazzi, N, Gismondi, A, Gravina, M, Lanzillo, C, Lombardi, M, Lorenzoni, V, Lozano-Torres, J, Martini, C, Marzo, F, Masi, A, Memeo, R, Moro, C, Nese, A, Palumbo, A, Pavon, A, Pedrotti, P, Marra, M, Pica, S, Pradella, S, Presicci, C, Rabbat, M, Raineri, C, Rodriguez-Palomares, J, Sbarbati, S, Schoepf, U, Squeri, A, Sverzellati, N, Symons, R, Tat, E, Timpani, M, Todiere, G, Valentini, A, Varga-Szemes, A, Masci, P, Schwitter, J, Pontone G., Guaricci A. I., Fusini L., Baggiano A., Guglielmo M., Muscogiuri G., Volpe A., Abete R., Aquaro G., Barison A., Bogaert J., Camastra G., Carigi S., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Censi S., Cicala G., De Cecco C. N., De Lazzari M., Di Giovine G., Di Roma M., Dobrovie M., Focardi M., Gaibazzi N., Gismondi A., Gravina M., Lanzillo C., Lombardi M., Lorenzoni V., Lozano-Torres J., Martini C., Marzo F., Masi A., Memeo R., Moro C., Nese A., Palumbo A., Pavon A. G., Pedrotti P., Marra M. P., Pica S., Pradella S., Presicci C., Rabbat M. G., Raineri C., Rodriguez-Palomares J. F., Sbarbati S., Schoepf U. J., Squeri A., Sverzellati N., Symons R., Tat E., Timpani M., Todiere G., Valentini A., Varga-Szemes A., Masci P. -G., and Schwitter J.
Abstract: Background: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy is the most effective prophylactic strategy against sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% as detected by transthoracic echocardiograpgy (TTE). This approach has been recently questioned because of the low rate of ICD interventions in patients who received implantation and the not-negligible percentage of patients who experienced SCD despite not fulfilling criteria for implantation. Objectives: The DERIVATE-ICM registry (CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DebrillAtor ThErapy; NCT03352648) is an international, multicenter, and multivendor study to assess the net reclassification improvement (NRI) for the indication of ICD implantation by the use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as compared to TTE in patients with ICM. Methods: A total of 861 patients with ICM (mean age 65 ± 11 years, 86% male) with chronic heart failure and TTE-LVEF <50% participated. Major adverse arrhythmic cardiac events (MAACE) were the primary endpoints. Results: During a median follow-up of 1,054 days, MAACE occurred in 88 (10.2%). Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (HR: 1.007 [95% CI: 1.000-1.011]; P = 0.05), CMR-LVEF (HR: 0.972 [95% CI: 0.945-0.999]; P = 0.045) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) mass (HR: 1.010 [95% CI: 1.002-1.018]; P = 0.015) were independent predictors of MAACE. A multiparametric CMR weighted predictive derived score identifies subjects at high risk for MAACE compared with TTE-LVEF cutoff of 35% with a NRI of 31.7% (P = 0.007). Conclusions: The DERIVATE-ICM registry is a large multicenter registry showing the additional value of CMR to stratify the risk for MAACE in a large cohort of patients with ICM compared with standard of care.
Published: 2023

6. Fighting autoinflammation in FIRES: The role of interleukins and early immunomodulation

Author: Perulli, M., Cicala, G., Turrini, I., Musto, E., Quintiliani, M., Gambardella, M. L., Pulitano, S. M., Bompard, S., Staccioli, S., Carmillo, L., Di Sante, G., Ria, F., Veredice, C., Contaldo, I., Battaglia, D., Perulli M., Cicala G., Turrini I., Musto E., Quintiliani M., Gambardella M. L., Pulitano S. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8496-379X), Bompard S., Staccioli S., Carmillo L., Di Sante G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6608-3388), Ria F. (ORCID:0000-0002-8444-0307), Veredice C., Contaldo I., Battaglia D. (ORCID:0000-0003-0491-4021), Perulli, M., Cicala, G., Turrini, I., Musto, E., Quintiliani, M., Gambardella, M. L., Pulitano, S. M., Bompard, S., Staccioli, S., Carmillo, L., Di Sante, G., Ria, F., Veredice, C., Contaldo, I., Battaglia, D., Perulli M., Cicala G., Turrini I., Musto E., Quintiliani M., Gambardella M. L., Pulitano S. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8496-379X), Bompard S., Staccioli S., Carmillo L., Di Sante G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6608-3388), Ria F. (ORCID:0000-0002-8444-0307), Veredice C., Contaldo I., and Battaglia D. (ORCID:0000-0003-0491-4021)
Abstract: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a challenging condition with unfavorable outcome in most cases. Preliminary evidence suggests that some interleukins, in particular IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1RA), could be elevated due to a functional deficiency of anti-inflammatory pathways. Therefore, treatment strategies acting on innate immunity could represent a targeted treatment. We describe the case of an 11-year-old child with super-refractory status epilepticus (SE), lasting more than two months. After being treated aggressively with antiseizure medications, anesthetics and empiric treatment for autoimmune encephalitis without success, she responded to anakinra and ketogenic diet. Escalation of the therapy was supported by the finding of a very high serum level of IL-1RA. This immunomodulatory approach allowed to discharge the child from intensive care 48 days after the SE onset. After more than one year follow-up the patient has moderate intellectual disability but with good language skills; she is seizure free and without motor deficits. This case suggests that serum IL-1RA serum levels may help to support treatment escalation. Moreover, anakinra and ketogenic diet represent encouraging immunomodulatory strategies which deserve further studies and could potentially have a synergistic effect. Finally, structured neuropsychological testing is an important outcome measure that will help to define the effectiveness of different treatment strategies.
Published: 2022

7. Onasemnogene abeparvovec in spinal muscular atrophy: predictors of efficacy and safety in naïve patients with spinal muscular atrophy and following switch from other therapies

Author: Pane, Marika, Berti, B., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Varone, A., D'Amico, A., Messina, S., Masson, R., Sansone, V. A., Donati, M. A., Agosto, C., Bruno, C., Ricci, F., Pini, A., Gagliardi, D., Filosto, M., Corti, S., Leone, D., Palermo, C., Onesimo, Roberta, De Sanctis, Roberto, Ricci, Martina, Bitetti, I., Sframeli, M., Dosi, C., Albamonte, E., Ticci, C., Brolatti, N., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Finkel, R., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Piastra, Marco, Genovese, Orazio, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Forcina, N., Carnicella, S., Stanca, G., Sacchini, M., Catteruccia, M., Tosi, M., Cutrera, Renato, Chierchi, C., Chiarini, M. B., Salmin, F., Pedemonte, M., Govoni, A., Mizzoni, I., Morando, S., Zanin, R., Rolle, E., Salomon, E., Giannotta, M., Scarpini, G., Toscano, A., Gitto, E., Materia, R., D'Alessandro, R., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., De Sanctis R., Ricci M., Bertini E., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Piastra M. (ORCID:0000-0002-3144-8970), Genovese O., Cicala G., Cutrera R., Pane, Marika, Berti, B., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Varone, A., D'Amico, A., Messina, S., Masson, R., Sansone, V. A., Donati, M. A., Agosto, C., Bruno, C., Ricci, F., Pini, A., Gagliardi, D., Filosto, M., Corti, S., Leone, D., Palermo, C., Onesimo, Roberta, De Sanctis, Roberto, Ricci, Martina, Bitetti, I., Sframeli, M., Dosi, C., Albamonte, E., Ticci, C., Brolatti, N., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Finkel, R., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Piastra, Marco, Genovese, Orazio, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Forcina, N., Carnicella, S., Stanca, G., Sacchini, M., Catteruccia, M., Tosi, M., Cutrera, Renato, Chierchi, C., Chiarini, M. B., Salmin, F., Pedemonte, M., Govoni, A., Mizzoni, I., Morando, S., Zanin, R., Rolle, E., Salomon, E., Giannotta, M., Scarpini, G., Toscano, A., Gitto, E., Materia, R., D'Alessandro, R., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., De Sanctis R., Ricci M., Bertini E., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Piastra M. (ORCID:0000-0002-3144-8970), Genovese O., Cicala G., and Cutrera R.
Abstract: Background: Efficacy and safety of onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA) for Spinal Muscular Atrophy infants under 7 months and <8.5 kg has been reported in clinical trials. This study examines efficacy and safety predictors in a wide age (22 days–72 months) and weight (3.2–17 kg) range, also including patients previously treated with other drugs. Methods: 46 patients were treated for 12 months between January 2020 and March 2022. Safety profile was also available for another 21 patients with at least 6 month follow-up after OA infusion. 19/67 were treatment naïve when treated with OA. Motor function was measured with the CHOP-INTEND. Findings: CHOP-INTEND changes varied among age groups. Baseline score and age at OA treatment best predicted changes. A mixed model post-hoc analysis showed that in patients treated before the age of 24 months the CHOP-INTEND changes were already significant 3 months after OA while in those treated after the age of 24 months the difference was only significant 12 months after OA. Adverse events occurred in 51/67. The risk for elevated transaminases serum levels was higher in older patients. This was also true for weight and for pre-treatment with nusinersen when analysed individually. A binomial negative regression analysis showed that only age at OA treatment had a significant effect on the risk of elevated transaminases. Interpretation: Our paper describes OA 12-month follow-up showing efficacy across various age and weight groups not targeted by clinical trials. The study identifies prognostic factors for safety and efficacy in treatment selection. Funding: None.
Published: 2023

8. Patient reported outcome measure for upper limb in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: correlation with PUL2.0

Author: Cicala, G., Pane, Marika, Coratti, Giorgia, Brogna, Claudia, Fanelli, L., Norcia, G., Forcina, N., Mazzone, Elena Stacy, Stanca, G., Ferrante, Angela Maria Rosaria, Vento, A., Ferraroli, Elisabetta, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Leone, D., Palermo, Francesco Cesare, Berti, B., Cutrona, Costanza, Mahyew, A., Duong, T., Goemans, N., Vroom, E., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Brogna C., Mazzone E., Ferrante R. (ORCID:0000-0002-5653-6934), Ferraroli E., Capasso A., Palermo C., Cutrona C., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Cicala, G., Pane, Marika, Coratti, Giorgia, Brogna, Claudia, Fanelli, L., Norcia, G., Forcina, N., Mazzone, Elena Stacy, Stanca, G., Ferrante, Angela Maria Rosaria, Vento, A., Ferraroli, Elisabetta, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Leone, D., Palermo, Francesco Cesare, Berti, B., Cutrona, Costanza, Mahyew, A., Duong, T., Goemans, N., Vroom, E., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Brogna C., Mazzone E., Ferrante R. (ORCID:0000-0002-5653-6934), Ferraroli E., Capasso A., Palermo C., Cutrona C., and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: The increasing pressure to include non ambulant Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) boys in clinical trials has highlighted the need for outcome measures that could address the impact of upper limb function on activities of daily living. The aim of the present study was to establish the correlation between the recently developed Patient Reported Outcome Measure for the upper limb (PROM UL) and the observer rated functional scale Performance of Upper Limb (PUL 2.0) in a large cohort of DMD boys and young adults. As part of a larger natural history study, non ambulant DMD patients were assessed using PUL2.0 and PROM UL. One hundred and twenty-five concurrent PUL 2.0 and PROM UL evaluations from 60 non ambulant DMD boys were taken into consideration. The total PROM UL scores showed a strong correlation with both PUL 2.0 total scores and with PUL 2.0 entry item score. The strong correlation between the two tools confirms the clinical meaningfulness of the PUL2.0 and that the PROM UL can help to detect the gradient of progression of upper limb involvement.
Published: 2023

9. Early treatment of type II SMA slows rate of progression of scoliosis

Author: Coratti, Giorgia, Lenkowicz, Jacopo, Pera, Maria Carmela, D'Amico, A., Bruno, C., Gulli, C., Brolatti, N., Pedemonte, M., Antonaci, Laura, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Cicala, G., Cutrona, Costanza, De Sanctis, Roberto, Carnicella, S., Forcina, N., Cateruccia, M., Damasio, M. B., Labianca, Luca, Manfroni, F., Leone, A., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Pane, Marika, Patarnello, S., Valentini, V., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Lenkowicz J., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Antonaci L., Capasso A., Cutrona C., De Sanctis R., Labianca L., Bertini E., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Coratti, Giorgia, Lenkowicz, Jacopo, Pera, Maria Carmela, D'Amico, A., Bruno, C., Gulli, C., Brolatti, N., Pedemonte, M., Antonaci, Laura, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Cicala, G., Cutrona, Costanza, De Sanctis, Roberto, Carnicella, S., Forcina, N., Cateruccia, M., Damasio, M. B., Labianca, Luca, Manfroni, F., Leone, A., Bertini, Enrico Silvio, Pane, Marika, Patarnello, S., Valentini, V., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Lenkowicz J., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Antonaci L., Capasso A., Cutrona C., De Sanctis R., Labianca L., Bertini E., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: Background: Type II spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) often leads to scoliosis in up to 90% of cases. While pharmacological treatments have shown improvements in motor function, their impact on scoliosis progression remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate potential differences in scoliosis progression between treated and untreated SMA II patients. Methods: Treatment effect on Cobb's angle annual changes and on reaching a 50° Cobb angle was analysed in treated and untreated type II SMA patients with a minimum 1.5-year follow-up. A sliding cut-off approach identified the optimal treatment subpopulation based on age, Cobb angle and Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded at the initial visit. Mann-Whitney U-test assessed statistical significance. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the untreated (n=46) and treated (n=39) populations. The mean Cobb angle variation did not significantly differ between the two groups (p=0.4). Optimal cut-off values for a better outcome were found to be having a Cobb angle <26° or an age <4.5 years. When using optimal cut-off, the treated group showed a lower mean Cobb variation compared with the untreated group (5.61 (SD 4.72) degrees/year vs 10.05 (SD 6.38) degrees/year; p=0.01). Cox-regression analysis indicated a protective treatment effect in reaching a 50° Cobb angle, significant in patients <4.5 years old (p=0.016). Conclusion: This study highlights that pharmacological treatment, if initiated early, may slow down the progression of scoliosis in type II SMA patients. Larger studies are warranted to further investigate the effectiveness of individual pharmacological treatment on scoliosis progression in this patient population.
Published: 2023

10. Detecting early signs in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: comprehensive review and diagnostic implications

Author: Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane, Marika, Cicala, G., Brogna, Claudia, Ciafaloni, E., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Brogna C., Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane, Marika, Cicala, G., Brogna, Claudia, Ciafaloni, E., Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), and Brogna C.
Abstract: Despite the early onset of clinical signs suggestive of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a diagnosis is often not made until four years of age or older, with a diagnostic delay of up to two years from the appearance of the first symptoms. As disease-modifying therapies for DMD become available that are ideally started early before irreversible muscle damage occurs, the importance of avoiding diagnostic delay increases. Shortening the time to a definite diagnosis in DMD allows timely genetic counseling and assessment of carrier status, initiation of multidisciplinary standard care, timely initiation of appropriate treatments, and precise genetic mutation characterization to assess suitability for access to drugs targeted at specific mutations while reducing the emotional and psychological family burden of the disease. This comprehensive literature review describes the early signs of impairment in DMD and highlights the bottlenecks related to the different diagnostic steps. In summary, the evidence suggests that the best mitigation strategy for improving the age at diagnosis is to increase awareness of the early symptoms of DMD and encourage early clinical screening with an inexpensive and sensitive serum creatine kinase test in all boys who present signs of developmental delay and specific motor test abnormality at routine pediatrician visits.
Published: 2023

11. Profile of cognitive abilities in spinal muscular atrophy type II and III: what is the role of motor impairment?

Author: Buchignani, B., Cicala, G., Moriconi, Federica, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Casiraghi, Jacopo Luca, Albamonte, E., Cristofani, P., Cutrona, Costanza, Pera, Maria Carmela, Antonaci, Laura, Roncoroni, C., Chieffo, Daniela Pia Rosaria, Sansone, V. A., Battini, Roberta, Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Moriconi F., Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Casiraghi J., Cutrona C., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Antonaci L., Chieffo D., Battini R., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Buchignani, B., Cicala, G., Moriconi, Federica, Ricci, M., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Casiraghi, Jacopo Luca, Albamonte, E., Cristofani, P., Cutrona, Costanza, Pera, Maria Carmela, Antonaci, Laura, Roncoroni, C., Chieffo, Daniela Pia Rosaria, Sansone, V. A., Battini, Roberta, Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Moriconi F., Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Casiraghi J., Cutrona C., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Antonaci L., Chieffo D., Battini R., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: There has recently been some concern on possible cognitive impairment in patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). The aim of this study was to assess cognitive profiles in type II and III SMA with a focus on individual indexes and possible correlations with motor function. 57 type II and III individuals, aged 3.5–17 years, were consecutively enrolled in a prospective, multicentric study. Cognitive function was assessed using age-appropriate Weschler Scales. Motor function was concomitantly assessed using disease-specific functional scales. Only 2 individuals (3%) had a intellectual disability of mild degree while the others were within normal range, with no significant difference in relation to SMA type, gender or functional status. While the overall quotients were mostly within normal range, some indexes showed wider variability. A significant positive medium correlation was found between Processing Speed Index and motor functional scores. Working memory had lower scores in type III patients compared to type II. Intellectual disability is uncommon in type II and III SMA. Motor functional abilities may play a role in some of the items contributing to the overall cognitive profile.
Published: 2023

12. Clinical Phenotype of Pediatric and Adult Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy With Four SMN2 Copies: Are They Really All Stable?

Author: Ricci, M., Cicala, G., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Fiori, Simona, Cutrona, Costanza, D'Amico, A., Sansone, V. A., Bruno, C., Messina, S., Mongini, T., Coccia, M., Siciliano, Giovanni, Pegoraro, E., Masson, R., Filosto, M., Comi, G. P., Corti, Serafino, Ronchi, D., Maggi, L., D'Angelo Bozzi, Michele Giovanni, Vacchiano, V., Ticci, C., Ruggiero, L., Verriello, L., Ricci, F. S., Berardinelli, A. L., Maioli, M. A., Garibaldi, Ida Marina Elisabetta, Nigro, V., Previtali, S. C., Pera, Maria Carmela, Tizzano, E., Pane, Marika, Tiziano, Francesco Danilo, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Fiori S., Cutrona C., Siciliano G., Corti S., D'Angelo M. G., Garibaldi M., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Tiziano F. D. (ORCID:0000-0002-5545-6158), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Ricci, M., Cicala, G., Capasso, Anna, Coratti, Giorgia, Fiori, Simona, Cutrona, Costanza, D'Amico, A., Sansone, V. A., Bruno, C., Messina, S., Mongini, T., Coccia, M., Siciliano, Giovanni, Pegoraro, E., Masson, R., Filosto, M., Comi, G. P., Corti, Serafino, Ronchi, D., Maggi, L., D'Angelo Bozzi, Michele Giovanni, Vacchiano, V., Ticci, C., Ruggiero, L., Verriello, L., Ricci, F. S., Berardinelli, A. L., Maioli, M. A., Garibaldi, Ida Marina Elisabetta, Nigro, V., Previtali, S. C., Pera, Maria Carmela, Tizzano, E., Pane, Marika, Tiziano, Francesco Danilo, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Capasso A., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Fiori S., Cutrona C., Siciliano G., Corti S., D'Angelo M. G., Garibaldi M., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Tiziano F. D. (ORCID:0000-0002-5545-6158), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the clinical phenotypes associated with 4 SMN2 copies. Methods: Clinical phenotypes were analyzed in all the patients with 4 SMN2 copies as part of a nationwide effort including all the Italian pediatric and adult reference centers for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Results: The cohort includes 169 patients (102 men and 67 women) with confirmed 4 SMN2 copies (mean age at last follow-up = 36.9 ± 19 years). Six of the 169 patients were presymptomatic, 8 were classified as type II, 145 as type III (38 type IIIA and 107 type IIIB), and 8 as type IV. The remaining 2 patients were asymptomatic adults identified because of a familial case. The cross-sectional functional data showed a reduction of scores with increasing age. Over 35% of the type III and 25% of the type IV lost ambulation (mean age = 26.8 years ± 16.3 SD). The risk of loss of ambulation was significantly associated with SMA type (p < 0.0001), with patients with IIIB and IV less likely to lose ambulation compared to type IIIA. There was an overall gender effect with a smaller number of women and a lower risk for women to lose ambulation. This was significant in the adult (p = 0.009) but not in the pediatric cohort (p = 0.43). Interpretation: Our results expand the existing literature on natural history of 4 SMN2 copies confirming the variability of phenotypes in untreated patients, ranging from type II to type IV and an overall reduction of functional scores with increasing age. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:1126–1135.
Published: 2023

13. Magnetic resonance imaging and artificial intelligence

Author: Muscogiuri, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Ricci, F, Cicala, G, Rabbat, M, Guaricci, A, Pontone, G, Muscogiuri G., Guglielmo M., Baggiano A., Fusini L., Ricci F., Cicala G., Rabbat M. G., Guaricci A. I., Pontone G., Muscogiuri, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Ricci, F, Cicala, G, Rabbat, M, Guaricci, A, Pontone, G, Muscogiuri G., Guglielmo M., Baggiano A., Fusini L., Ricci F., Cicala G., Rabbat M. G., Guaricci A. I., and Pontone G.
Abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the best-suited cardiac imaging modality to provide reliable and reproducible information regarding cardiac volumes, function, and tissue characterization. In clinical practice, artificial intelligence (AI) in CMR can be applied to the whole process, ranging from sequence reconstruction, image analysis, and reporting of findings. In sequence reconstruction, the application of AI is mainly focused on the speed of reconstruction, while in image analysis and reporting AI is primarily aimed at automating the process of segmentation of both ventricles as well as fibrotic tissue. Within the realm of tissue characterization, AI can also be helpful in the depiction of tissue abnormalities from noncontrast images. Finally, AI can be useful for prognostic stratification.
Published: 2021

14. CarDiac magnEtic Resonance for prophylactic Implantable-cardioVerter defibrillAtor ThErapy in Non-Ischaemic dilated CardioMyopathy: an international Registry

Author: Guaricci, A, Masci, P, Muscogiuri, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Lorenzoni, V, Martini, C, Andreini, D, Pavon, A, Aquaro, G, Barison, A, Todiere, G, Rabbat, M, Tat, E, Raineri, C, Valentini, A, Varga-Szemes, A, Schoepf, U, De Cecco, C, Bogaert, J, Dobrovie, M, Symons, R, Focardi, M, Gismondi, A, Lozano-Torres, J, Rodriguez-Palomares, J, Lanzillo, C, Di Roma, M, Moro, C, Di Giovine, G, Margonato, D, De Lazzari, M, Perazzolo Marra, M, Nese, A, Casavecchia, G, Gravina, M, Marzo, F, Carigi, S, Pica, S, Lombardi, M, Censi, S, Squeri, A, Palumbo, A, Gaibazzi, N, Camastra, G, Sbarbati, S, Pedrotti, P, Masi, A, Carrabba, N, Pradella, S, Timpani, M, Cicala, G, Presicci, C, Puglisi, S, Sverzellati, N, Santobuono, V, Pepi, M, Schwitter, J, Pontone, G, Guaricci AI, Masci PG, Muscogiuri G, Guglielmo M, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Lorenzoni V, Martini C, Andreini D, Pavon AG, Aquaro GD, Barison A, Todiere G, Rabbat MG, Tat E, Raineri C, Valentini A, Varga-Szemes A, Schoepf UJ, De Cecco CN, Bogaert J, Dobrovie M, Symons R, Focardi M, Gismondi A, Lozano-Torres J, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Lanzillo C, Di Roma M, Moro C, Di Giovine G, Margonato D, De Lazzari M, Perazzolo Marra M, Nese A, Casavecchia G, Gravina M, Marzo F, Carigi S, Pica S, Lombardi M, Censi S, Squeri A, Palumbo A, Gaibazzi N, Camastra G, Sbarbati S, Pedrotti P, Masi A, Carrabba N, Pradella S, Timpani M, Cicala G, Presicci C, Puglisi S, Sverzellati N, Santobuono VE, Pepi M, Schwitter J, Pontone G, Guaricci, A, Masci, P, Muscogiuri, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Lorenzoni, V, Martini, C, Andreini, D, Pavon, A, Aquaro, G, Barison, A, Todiere, G, Rabbat, M, Tat, E, Raineri, C, Valentini, A, Varga-Szemes, A, Schoepf, U, De Cecco, C, Bogaert, J, Dobrovie, M, Symons, R, Focardi, M, Gismondi, A, Lozano-Torres, J, Rodriguez-Palomares, J, Lanzillo, C, Di Roma, M, Moro, C, Di Giovine, G, Margonato, D, De Lazzari, M, Perazzolo Marra, M, Nese, A, Casavecchia, G, Gravina, M, Marzo, F, Carigi, S, Pica, S, Lombardi, M, Censi, S, Squeri, A, Palumbo, A, Gaibazzi, N, Camastra, G, Sbarbati, S, Pedrotti, P, Masi, A, Carrabba, N, Pradella, S, Timpani, M, Cicala, G, Presicci, C, Puglisi, S, Sverzellati, N, Santobuono, V, Pepi, M, Schwitter, J, Pontone, G, Guaricci AI, Masci PG, Muscogiuri G, Guglielmo M, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Lorenzoni V, Martini C, Andreini D, Pavon AG, Aquaro GD, Barison A, Todiere G, Rabbat MG, Tat E, Raineri C, Valentini A, Varga-Szemes A, Schoepf UJ, De Cecco CN, Bogaert J, Dobrovie M, Symons R, Focardi M, Gismondi A, Lozano-Torres J, Rodriguez-Palomares JF, Lanzillo C, Di Roma M, Moro C, Di Giovine G, Margonato D, De Lazzari M, Perazzolo Marra M, Nese A, Casavecchia G, Gravina M, Marzo F, Carigi S, Pica S, Lombardi M, Censi S, Squeri A, Palumbo A, Gaibazzi N, Camastra G, Sbarbati S, Pedrotti P, Masi A, Carrabba N, Pradella S, Timpani M, Cicala G, Presicci C, Puglisi S, Sverzellati N, Santobuono VE, Pepi M, Schwitter J, and Pontone G
Abstract: Aims: The aim of this registry was to evaluate the additional prognostic value of a composite cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based risk score over standard-of-care (SOC) evaluation in a large cohort of consecutive unselected non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients. Methods and results: In the DERIVATE registry (www.clinicaltrials.gov/registration: RCT#NCT03352648), 1000 (derivation cohort) and 508 (validation cohort) NICM patients with chronic heart failure (HF) and left ventricular ejection fraction [removed]3 segments with midwall fibrosis on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were the only independent predictors of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.0117-1.056, P < 0.001 and HR: 2.077, 95% CI: 1.211-3.562, P = 0.008, respectively). For MAACE, the independent predictors were male gender, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index by CMR (CMR-LVEDVi), and >3 segments with midwall fibrosis on LGE (HR: 2.131, 95% CI: 1.231-3.690, P = 0.007; HR: 3.161, 95% CI: 1.750-5.709, P < 0.001; and HR: 1.693, 95% CI: 1.084-2.644, P = 0.021, respectively). A composite clinical and CMR-based risk score provided a net reclassification improvement of 63.7% (P < 0.001) for MAACE occurrence when added to the model based on SOC evaluation. These findings were confirmed in the validation cohort. Conclusion: In a large multicentre, multivendor cohort registry reflecting daily clinical practice in NICM work-up, a composite clinical and CMR-based risk score provides incremental prognostic value beyond SOC evaluation, which may have impact on the indication of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation.
Published: 2021

15. Sequential Strategy Including FFR CT Plus Stress-CTP Impacts on Management of Patients with Stable Chest Pain: The Stress-CTP RIPCORD Study

Author: Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Del Torto, A, Vivona, P, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Soldi, M, Martini, C, Fraschini, E, Rabbat, M, Baessato, F, Cicala, G, Danza, M, Cavaliere, A, Loffreno, A, Palmisano, V, Ricci, F, Rizzon, G, Tonet, E, Viani, G, Mushtaq, S, Conte, E, Annoni, A, Formenti, A, Mancini, M, Fabbiocchi, F, Montorsi, P, Trabattoni, D, Rossi, A, Fazzari, F, Gaibazzi, N, Andreini, D, Assanelli, E, Bartorelli, A, Pepi, M, Guaricci, A, Pontone, G, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Del Torto A, Vivona P, Guglielmo M, Muscogiuri G, Soldi M, Martini C, Fraschini E, Rabbat MG, Baessato F, Cicala G, Danza ML, Cavaliere A, Loffreno A, Palmisano V, Ricci F, Rizzon G, Tonet E, Viani GM, Mushtaq S, Conte E, Annoni AD, Formenti A, Mancini ME, Fabbiocchi F, Montorsi P, Trabattoni D, Rossi A, Fazzari F, Gaibazzi N, Andreini D, Assanelli EM, Bartorelli AL, Pepi M, Guaricci AI, Pontone G, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Del Torto, A, Vivona, P, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Soldi, M, Martini, C, Fraschini, E, Rabbat, M, Baessato, F, Cicala, G, Danza, M, Cavaliere, A, Loffreno, A, Palmisano, V, Ricci, F, Rizzon, G, Tonet, E, Viani, G, Mushtaq, S, Conte, E, Annoni, A, Formenti, A, Mancini, M, Fabbiocchi, F, Montorsi, P, Trabattoni, D, Rossi, A, Fazzari, F, Gaibazzi, N, Andreini, D, Assanelli, E, Bartorelli, A, Pepi, M, Guaricci, A, Pontone, G, Baggiano A, Fusini L, Del Torto A, Vivona P, Guglielmo M, Muscogiuri G, Soldi M, Martini C, Fraschini E, Rabbat MG, Baessato F, Cicala G, Danza ML, Cavaliere A, Loffreno A, Palmisano V, Ricci F, Rizzon G, Tonet E, Viani GM, Mushtaq S, Conte E, Annoni AD, Formenti A, Mancini ME, Fabbiocchi F, Montorsi P, Trabattoni D, Rossi A, Fazzari F, Gaibazzi N, Andreini D, Assanelli EM, Bartorelli AL, Pepi M, Guaricci AI, and Pontone G
Abstract: Stress computed tomography perfusion (Stress-CTP) and computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) are functional techniques that can be added to coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA) to improve the management of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). This retrospective analysis from the PERFECTION study aims to assess the impact of their availability on the management of patients with suspected CAD scheduled for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and invasive FFR. The management plan was defined as optimal medical therapy (OMT) or revascularization and was recorded for the following strategies: cCTA alone, cCTA+FFRCT, cCTA+Stress-CTP and cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP. In 291 prospectively enrolled patients, cCTA+FFRCT, cCTA+Stress-CTP and cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP showed a similar rate of reclassification of cCTA findings when FFRCT and Stress-CTP were added to cCTA. cCTA, cCTA+FFRCT, cCTA+Stress-CTP and cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP showed a rate of agreement versus the final therapeutic decision of 63%, 71%, 89%, 84% (cCTA+Stress-CTP and cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP vs cCTA and cCTA+FFRCT: p < 0.01), respectively, and a rate of agreement in terms of the vessels to be revascularized of 57%, 64%, 74%, 71% (cCTA+Stress-CTP and cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP vs cCTA and cCTA+FFRCT: p < 0.01), respectively, with an effective radiation dose (ED) of 2.9 ± 1.3 mSv, 2.9 ± 1.3 mSv, 5.9 ± 2.7 mSv, and 3.1 ± 2.1 mSv. The addition of FFRCT and Stress-CTP improved therapeutic decision-making compared to cCTA alone, and a sequential strategy with cCTA+FFRCT+Stress-CTP represents the best compromise in terms of clinical impact and radiation exposure.
Published: 2020

16. Performance of a deep learning algorithm for the evaluation of CAD-RADS classification with CCTA

Author: Muscogiuri, G, Chiesa, M, Trotta, M, Gatti, M, Palmisano, V, Dell'Aversana, S, Baessato, F, Cavaliere, A, Cicala, G, Loffreno, A, Rizzon, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Saba, L, Andreini, D, Pepi, M, Rabbat, M, Guaricci, A, De, C, C. N., C, G., P, Muscogiuri G, Chiesa M., Trotta M., Gatti M., Palmisano V., Dell'Aversana S, Baessato F., Cavaliere A., Cicala G., Loffreno A., Rizzon G., Guglielmo M., Baggiano A., Fusini L., Saba L., Andreini D., Pepi M., Rabbat M. G., Guaricci A. I., De Cecco, C. N. Colombo, G. Pontone, Muscogiuri, G, Chiesa, M, Trotta, M, Gatti, M, Palmisano, V, Dell'Aversana, S, Baessato, F, Cavaliere, A, Cicala, G, Loffreno, A, Rizzon, G, Guglielmo, M, Baggiano, A, Fusini, L, Saba, L, Andreini, D, Pepi, M, Rabbat, M, Guaricci, A, De, C, C. N., C, G., P, Muscogiuri G, Chiesa M., Trotta M., Gatti M., Palmisano V., Dell'Aversana S, Baessato F., Cavaliere A., Cicala G., Loffreno A., Rizzon G., Guglielmo M., Baggiano A., Fusini L., Saba L., Andreini D., Pepi M., Rabbat M. G., Guaricci A. I., De Cecco, C. N. Colombo, and G. Pontone
Abstract: Background and aims: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing its role in diagnosis of patients with suspicious coronary artery disease. The aim of this manuscript is to develop a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in the correct Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) category. Methods: Two hundred eighty eight patients who underwent clinically indicated CCTA were included in this single-center retrospective study. The CCTAs were stratified by CAD-RADS scores by expert readers and considered as reference standard. A deep CNN was designed and tested on the CCTA dataset and compared to on-site reading. The deep CNN analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of the following three Models based on CAD-RADS classification: Model A (CAD-RADS 0 vs CAD-RADS 1–2 vs CAD-RADS 3,4,5), Model 1 (CAD-RADS 0 vs CAD-RADS>0), Model 2 (CAD-RADS 0–2 vs CAD-RADS 3–5). Time of analysis for both physicians and CNN were recorded. Results: Model A showed a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy of 47%, 74%, 77%, 46% and 60%, respectively. Model 1 showed a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy of 66%, 91%, 92%, 63%, 86%, respectively. Conversely, Model 2 demonstrated the following sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy: 82%, 58%, 74%, 69%, 71%, respectively. Time of analysis was significantly lower using CNN as compared to on-site reading (530.5 ± 179.1 vs 104.3 ± 1.4 sec, p=0.01) Conclusions: Deep CNN yielded accurate automated classification of patients with CAD-RADS.
Published: 2020

17. ATHENA detector proposal - a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

Author: Adam, J, Adam, J, Adamczyk, L, Agrawal, N, Aidala, C, Akers, W, Alekseev, M, Allen, MM, Ameli, F, Angerami, A, Antonioli, P, Apadula, NJ, Aprahamian, A, Armstrong, W, Arratia, M, Arrington, JR, Asaturyan, A, Aschenauer, EC, Augsten, K, Aune, S, Bailey, K, Baldanza, C, Bansal, M, Barbosa, F, Barion, L, Barish, K, Battaglieri, M, Bazilevsky, A, Behera, NK, Berdnikov, V, Bernauer, J, Berriaud, C, Bhasin, A, Bhattacharya, DS, Bielcik, J, Bielcikova, J, Bissolotti, C, Boeglin, W, Bondì, M, Borri, M, Bossù, F, Bouyjou, F, Brandenburg, JD, Bressan, A, Brooks, M, Bültmann, SL, Byer, D, Caines, H, Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M, Calvelli, V, Camsonne, A, Cappelli, L, Capua, M, Castro, M, Cavazza, D, Cebra, D, Celentano, A, Chakaberia, I, Chan, B, Chang, W, Chartier, M, Chatterjee, C, Chen, D, Chen, J, Chen, K, Chen, Z, Chetri, H, Chiarusi, T, Chiosso, M, Chu, X, Chwastowski, JJ, Cicala, G, Cisbani, E, Cline, E, Cloët, I, Colella, D, Contalbrigo, M, Contin, G, Corliss, R, Corrales-Morales, Y, Crafts, J, Crawford, C, Cruz-Torres, R, D'Ago, D, D'Angelo, A, D'Hose, N, Dainton, J, Dalla Torre, S, Dasgupta, SS, Dash, S, Dashyan, N, Datta, J, Daugherity, M, De Vita, R, Deconinck, W, Defurne, M, Dehmelt, K, Del Dotto, A, Delcarro, F, Dellacasa, G, Demiroglu, ZS, Adam, J, Adam, J, Adamczyk, L, Agrawal, N, Aidala, C, Akers, W, Alekseev, M, Allen, MM, Ameli, F, Angerami, A, Antonioli, P, Apadula, NJ, Aprahamian, A, Armstrong, W, Arratia, M, Arrington, JR, Asaturyan, A, Aschenauer, EC, Augsten, K, Aune, S, Bailey, K, Baldanza, C, Bansal, M, Barbosa, F, Barion, L, Barish, K, Battaglieri, M, Bazilevsky, A, Behera, NK, Berdnikov, V, Bernauer, J, Berriaud, C, Bhasin, A, Bhattacharya, DS, Bielcik, J, Bielcikova, J, Bissolotti, C, Boeglin, W, Bondì, M, Borri, M, Bossù, F, Bouyjou, F, Brandenburg, JD, Bressan, A, Brooks, M, Bültmann, SL, Byer, D, Caines, H, Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M, Calvelli, V, Camsonne, A, Cappelli, L, Capua, M, Castro, M, Cavazza, D, Cebra, D, Celentano, A, Chakaberia, I, Chan, B, Chang, W, Chartier, M, Chatterjee, C, Chen, D, Chen, J, Chen, K, Chen, Z, Chetri, H, Chiarusi, T, Chiosso, M, Chu, X, Chwastowski, JJ, Cicala, G, Cisbani, E, Cline, E, Cloët, I, Colella, D, Contalbrigo, M, Contin, G, Corliss, R, Corrales-Morales, Y, Crafts, J, Crawford, C, Cruz-Torres, R, D'Ago, D, D'Angelo, A, D'Hose, N, Dainton, J, Dalla Torre, S, Dasgupta, SS, Dash, S, Dashyan, N, Datta, J, Daugherity, M, De Vita, R, Deconinck, W, Defurne, M, Dehmelt, K, Del Dotto, A, Delcarro, F, Dellacasa, G, and Demiroglu, ZS
Abstract: ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity. This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.
Published: 2022

18. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

Author: Abdul Khalek, R, Abdul Khalek, R, Accardi, A, Adam, J, Adamiak, D, Akers, W, Albaladejo, M, Al-bataineh, A, Alexeev, MG, Ameli, F, Antonioli, P, Armesto, N, Armstrong, WR, Arratia, M, Arrington, J, Asaturyan, A, Asai, M, Aschenauer, EC, Aune, S, Avagyan, H, Ayerbe Gayoso, C, Azmoun, B, Bacchetta, A, Baker, MD, Barbosa, F, Barion, L, Barish, KN, Barry, PC, Battaglieri, M, Bazilevsky, A, Behera, NK, Benmokhtar, F, Berdnikov, VV, Bernauer, JC, Bertone, V, Bhattacharya, S, Bissolotti, C, Boer, D, Boglione, M, Bondì, M, Boora, P, Borsa, I, Bossù, F, Bozzi, G, Brandenburg, JD, Brei, N, Bressan, A, Brooks, WK, Bufalino, S, Bukhari, MHS, Burkert, V, Buttimore, NH, Camsonne, A, Celentano, A, Celiberto, FG, Chang, W, Chatterjee, C, Chen, K, Chetry, T, Chiarusi, T, Chien, YT, Chiosso, M, Chu, X, Chudakov, E, Cicala, G, Cisbani, E, Cloet, IC, Cocuzza, C, Cole, PL, Colella, D, Collins, JL, Constantinou, M, Contalbrigo, M, Contin, G, Corliss, R, Cosyn, W, Courtoy, A, Crafts, J, Cruz-Torres, R, Cuevas, RC, D'Alesio, U, Dalla Torre, S, Das, D, Dasgupta, SS, Da Silva, C, Deconinck, W, Defurne, M, DeGraw, W, Dehmelt, K, Del Dotto, A, Delcarro, F, Deshpande, A, Detmold, W, De Vita, R, Diefenthaler, M, Dilks, C, Dixit, DU, Dulat, S, Dumitru, A, Dupré, R, Durham, JM, Abdul Khalek, R, Abdul Khalek, R, Accardi, A, Adam, J, Adamiak, D, Akers, W, Albaladejo, M, Al-bataineh, A, Alexeev, MG, Ameli, F, Antonioli, P, Armesto, N, Armstrong, WR, Arratia, M, Arrington, J, Asaturyan, A, Asai, M, Aschenauer, EC, Aune, S, Avagyan, H, Ayerbe Gayoso, C, Azmoun, B, Bacchetta, A, Baker, MD, Barbosa, F, Barion, L, Barish, KN, Barry, PC, Battaglieri, M, Bazilevsky, A, Behera, NK, Benmokhtar, F, Berdnikov, VV, Bernauer, JC, Bertone, V, Bhattacharya, S, Bissolotti, C, Boer, D, Boglione, M, Bondì, M, Boora, P, Borsa, I, Bossù, F, Bozzi, G, Brandenburg, JD, Brei, N, Bressan, A, Brooks, WK, Bufalino, S, Bukhari, MHS, Burkert, V, Buttimore, NH, Camsonne, A, Celentano, A, Celiberto, FG, Chang, W, Chatterjee, C, Chen, K, Chetry, T, Chiarusi, T, Chien, YT, Chiosso, M, Chu, X, Chudakov, E, Cicala, G, Cisbani, E, Cloet, IC, Cocuzza, C, Cole, PL, Colella, D, Collins, JL, Constantinou, M, Contalbrigo, M, Contin, G, Corliss, R, Cosyn, W, Courtoy, A, Crafts, J, Cruz-Torres, R, Cuevas, RC, D'Alesio, U, Dalla Torre, S, Das, D, Dasgupta, SS, Da Silva, C, Deconinck, W, Defurne, M, DeGraw, W, Dehmelt, K, Del Dotto, A, Delcarro, F, Deshpande, A, Detmold, W, De Vita, R, Diefenthaler, M, Dilks, C, Dixit, DU, Dulat, S, Dumitru, A, Dupré, R, and Durham, JM
Abstract: This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter.
Published: 2022

19. ATHENA Detector Proposal -- A Totally Hermetic Electron Nucleus Apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

Author: ATHENA Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Agrawal, N., Aidala, C., Akers, W., Alekseev, M., Allen, M. M., Ameli, F., Angerami, A., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N. J., Aprahamian, A., Armstrong, W., Arratia, M., Arrington, J. R., Asaturyan, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Augsten, K., Aune, S., Bailey, K., Baldanza, C., Bansal, M., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J., Berriaud, C., Bhasin, A., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bissolotti, C., Boeglin, W., Bondì, M., Borri, M., Bossu, F., Bouyjou, F., Brandenburg, J. D., Bressan, A., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S. L., Byer, D., Caines, H., Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca, Calvelli, V., Camsonne, A., Cappelli, L., Capua, M., Castro, M., Cavazza, D., Cebra, D., Celentano, A., Chakaberia, I., Chan, B., Chang, W., Chartier, M., Chatterjee, C., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, Z., Chetri, H., Chiarusi, T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chwastowski, J. J., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cline, E., Cloet, I., Colella, D., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Corrales-Morales, Y., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Cruz-Torres, R., D'Ago, D., D'Angelo, A., D'Hose, N., Dainton, J., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S. S., Dash, S., Dashyan, N., Datta, J., Daugherity, M., De Vita, R., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Dellacasa, G., Demiroglu, Z. S., Deptuch, G. W., Desai, V., Deshpande, A., Devereaux, K., Dhillon, R., Di Salvo, R., Dilks, C., Dixit, D., Dobbs, S., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J., Drees, A., Dupre, R., Durham, M., Dzhygadlo, R., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Epple, E., Esha, R., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Falchieri, D., Fan, W., Fantini, A., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fox, H., Francisco, A., Freeze, A., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gardner, S., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Gericke, M. T. W., Geurts, F., Ghosh, C., Giacalone, M., Giacomini, F., Gilchrist, S., Glazier, D., Gnanvo, K., Gonella, L., Greiner, L. C., Guerrini, N., Guo, L., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Guryn, W., He, X., Hemmick, T., Heppelmann, S., Higinbotham, D., Hoballah, M., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hornidge, D., Huang, H. Z., Hyde, C. E., Iapozzuto, P., Idzik, M., Jacak, B. V., Jadhav, M., Jain, S., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Ji, Z., Jia, J., Jones, P. G., Jones, R. W. I., Joosten, S., Joshi, S., Kabir, L., Kalicy, G., Karyan, G., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kawall, D., Ke, H., Kelsey, M., Kim, J., Kiryluk, J., Kiselev, A., Klein, S. R., Klest, H., Kochar, V., Korsch, W., Kosarzewski, L., Kotzinian, A., Krizek, F., Kumar, A., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, L., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kunnath, A., Kushawaha, N., Lacey, R., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Landgraf, J., Lanza, L., Lattuada, D., Lavinsky, M., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. H., Lemmon, R., Lestone, A., Lewis, N., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, X., Ligonzo, T., Lin, T., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, M., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Ljubicic, T., Long, O., Lukow, N., Ma, Y., Mammei, J., Mammoliti, F., Mamo, K., Mandjavidze, I., Maple, S., Marchand, D., Margotti, A., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marshall, T., Martin, A., Marukyan, H., Mastroserio, A., Mathew, S., Mayilyan, S., Mayri, C., McEneaney, M., Mei, Y., Meng, L., Meot, F., Metcalfe, J., Meziani, Z. -E., Mihir, P., Milton, R., Mirabella, A., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M., Morreale, A., Movsisyan, A., Muenstermann, D., Mukherjee, A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M. J., Mustafa, H., Myska, M., Nachman, B. P., Nagai, K., Naik, R., Naim, J. P., Nam, J., Nandi, B., Nappi, E., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Neiret, D., Newman, P. R., Nguyen, M., Niccolai, S., Nie, M., Noferini, F., Norman, J., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., O'Connor, T., Odyniec, G., Okorokov, V. A., Osipenko, M., Page, B., Palatchi, C., Palmer, D., Palni, P., Pandey, S., Panzieri, D., Park, S., Paschke, K., Pastore, C., Patra, R. N., Paul, A., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Peck, A., Pegg, I., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Piotrzkowski, K., Polakovic, T., Ploskon, M., Posik, M., Prasad, S., Preghenella, R., Priens, S., Prifti, E., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P., Quintero, A., Radici, M., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rahman, S., Rathi, S., Raue, B., Reed, R., Reimer, P., Reinhold, J., Renner, E., Rignanese, L., Ripani, M., Rizzo, A., Romanov, D., Roy, A., Rubini, N., Ruspa, M., Ruan, L., Sabatie, F., Sadhukhan, S., Sahoo, N., Sahu, P., Samuel, D., Sarkar, A., Sarsour, M., Schmidke, W., Schmookler, B., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Scott, M., Sedgwick, I., Segreti, M., Sekula, S., Seto, R., Shah, N., Shahinyan, A., Sharma, D., Sharma, N., Sichtermann, E. P., Signori, A., Singh, A., Singh, B. K., Singh, S. N., Smirnov, N., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Spinali, S., Stacchi, F., Staszewski, R., Stepanov, P., Strazzi, S., Stroe, I. R., Sun, X., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z., Symons, T. J., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, A., Tassi, E., Teodorescu, L., Tessarotto, F., Thomas, D., Thomas, J. H., Toll, T., Tomasek, L., Torales-Acosta, F., Tribedy, P., Triloki, Tripathi, V., Trotta, R., Trzebiński, M., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O., Tu, Z., Turrisi, R., Tuve, C., Ullrich, T., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vallarino, S., Vandenbroucke, M., Vanek, J., Vino, G., Volpe, G., Voskanyan, H., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Watts, D., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wilson, F., Wong, C. -P., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xie, J., Xu, Q. -H., Xu, Z., Xu, Z. W., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yin, Z., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z., Zheng, L., Zurek, M., ATHENA Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Agrawal, N., Aidala, C., Akers, W., Alekseev, M., Allen, M. M., Ameli, F., Angerami, A., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N. J., Aprahamian, A., Armstrong, W., Arratia, M., Arrington, J. R., Asaturyan, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Augsten, K., Aune, S., Bailey, K., Baldanza, C., Bansal, M., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J., Berriaud, C., Bhasin, A., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bissolotti, C., Boeglin, W., Bondì, M., Borri, M., Bossu, F., Bouyjou, F., Brandenburg, J. D., Bressan, A., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S. L., Byer, D., Caines, H., Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca, Calvelli, V., Camsonne, A., Cappelli, L., Capua, M., Castro, M., Cavazza, D., Cebra, D., Celentano, A., Chakaberia, I., Chan, B., Chang, W., Chartier, M., Chatterjee, C., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, Z., Chetri, H., Chiarusi, T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chwastowski, J. J., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cline, E., Cloet, I., Colella, D., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Corrales-Morales, Y., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Cruz-Torres, R., D'Ago, D., D'Angelo, A., D'Hose, N., Dainton, J., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S. S., Dash, S., Dashyan, N., Datta, J., Daugherity, M., De Vita, R., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Dellacasa, G., Demiroglu, Z. S., Deptuch, G. W., Desai, V., Deshpande, A., Devereaux, K., Dhillon, R., Di Salvo, R., Dilks, C., Dixit, D., Dobbs, S., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J., Drees, A., Dupre, R., Durham, M., Dzhygadlo, R., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Epple, E., Esha, R., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Falchieri, D., Fan, W., Fantini, A., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fox, H., Francisco, A., Freeze, A., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gardner, S., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Gericke, M. T. W., Geurts, F., Ghosh, C., Giacalone, M., Giacomini, F., Gilchrist, S., Glazier, D., Gnanvo, K., Gonella, L., Greiner, L. C., Guerrini, N., Guo, L., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Guryn, W., He, X., Hemmick, T., Heppelmann, S., Higinbotham, D., Hoballah, M., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hornidge, D., Huang, H. Z., Hyde, C. E., Iapozzuto, P., Idzik, M., Jacak, B. V., Jadhav, M., Jain, S., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Ji, Z., Jia, J., Jones, P. G., Jones, R. W. I., Joosten, S., Joshi, S., Kabir, L., Kalicy, G., Karyan, G., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kawall, D., Ke, H., Kelsey, M., Kim, J., Kiryluk, J., Kiselev, A., Klein, S. R., Klest, H., Kochar, V., Korsch, W., Kosarzewski, L., Kotzinian, A., Krizek, F., Kumar, A., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, L., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kunnath, A., Kushawaha, N., Lacey, R., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Landgraf, J., Lanza, L., Lattuada, D., Lavinsky, M., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. H., Lemmon, R., Lestone, A., Lewis, N., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, X., Ligonzo, T., Lin, T., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, M., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Ljubicic, T., Long, O., Lukow, N., Ma, Y., Mammei, J., Mammoliti, F., Mamo, K., Mandjavidze, I., Maple, S., Marchand, D., Margotti, A., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marshall, T., Martin, A., Marukyan, H., Mastroserio, A., Mathew, S., Mayilyan, S., Mayri, C., McEneaney, M., Mei, Y., Meng, L., Meot, F., Metcalfe, J., Meziani, Z. -E., Mihir, P., Milton, R., Mirabella, A., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M., Morreale, A., Movsisyan, A., Muenstermann, D., Mukherjee, A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M. J., Mustafa, H., Myska, M., Nachman, B. P., Nagai, K., Naik, R., Naim, J. P., Nam, J., Nandi, B., Nappi, E., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Neiret, D., Newman, P. R., Nguyen, M., Niccolai, S., Nie, M., Noferini, F., Norman, J., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., O'Connor, T., Odyniec, G., Okorokov, V. A., Osipenko, M., Page, B., Palatchi, C., Palmer, D., Palni, P., Pandey, S., Panzieri, D., Park, S., Paschke, K., Pastore, C., Patra, R. N., Paul, A., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Peck, A., Pegg, I., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Piotrzkowski, K., Polakovic, T., Ploskon, M., Posik, M., Prasad, S., Preghenella, R., Priens, S., Prifti, E., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P., Quintero, A., Radici, M., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rahman, S., Rathi, S., Raue, B., Reed, R., Reimer, P., Reinhold, J., Renner, E., Rignanese, L., Ripani, M., Rizzo, A., Romanov, D., Roy, A., Rubini, N., Ruspa, M., Ruan, L., Sabatie, F., Sadhukhan, S., Sahoo, N., Sahu, P., Samuel, D., Sarkar, A., Sarsour, M., Schmidke, W., Schmookler, B., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Scott, M., Sedgwick, I., Segreti, M., Sekula, S., Seto, R., Shah, N., Shahinyan, A., Sharma, D., Sharma, N., Sichtermann, E. P., Signori, A., Singh, A., Singh, B. K., Singh, S. N., Smirnov, N., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Spinali, S., Stacchi, F., Staszewski, R., Stepanov, P., Strazzi, S., Stroe, I. R., Sun, X., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z., Symons, T. J., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, A., Tassi, E., Teodorescu, L., Tessarotto, F., Thomas, D., Thomas, J. H., Toll, T., Tomasek, L., Torales-Acosta, F., Tribedy, P., Triloki, Tripathi, V., Trotta, R., Trzebiński, M., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O., Tu, Z., Turrisi, R., Tuve, C., Ullrich, T., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vallarino, S., Vandenbroucke, M., Vanek, J., Vino, G., Volpe, G., Voskanyan, H., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Watts, D., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wilson, F., Wong, C. -P., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xie, J., Xu, Q. -H., Xu, Z., Xu, Z. W., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yin, Z., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z., Zheng, L., and Zurek, M.
Abstract: ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity. This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.
Published: 2022

20. Neurological assessment of newborns with spinal muscular atrophy identified through neonatal screening

Author: Pane, Marika, Donati, M. A., Cutrona, Costanza, De Sanctis, Roberto, Pirinu, M., Coratti, Giorgia, Ricci, Martina, Palermo, C., Berti, B., Leone, D., Ticci, C., Sacchini, M., Cerboneschi, M., Capasso, Anna, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Abiusi, Emanuela, Vaisfeld, Alessandro, Vento, Giovanni, Tiziano, Francesco Danilo, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Cutrona C., De Sanctis R., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Ricci M., Capasso A., Cicala G., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Abiusi E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9028-012X), Vaisfeld A., Vento G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Tiziano F. D. (ORCID:0000-0002-5545-6158), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Pane, Marika, Donati, M. A., Cutrona, Costanza, De Sanctis, Roberto, Pirinu, M., Coratti, Giorgia, Ricci, Martina, Palermo, C., Berti, B., Leone, D., Ticci, C., Sacchini, M., Cerboneschi, M., Capasso, Anna, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Abiusi, Emanuela, Vaisfeld, Alessandro, Vento, Giovanni, Tiziano, Francesco Danilo, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Cutrona C., De Sanctis R., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Ricci M., Capasso A., Cicala G., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Abiusi E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9028-012X), Vaisfeld A., Vento G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Tiziano F. D. (ORCID:0000-0002-5545-6158), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: The possibility to identify patients with spinal muscular atrophy through neonatal screenings has highlighted the need for clinical assessments that may systematically evaluate the possible presence of early neurological signs. The aim of this study was to use the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE) and a module specifically designed for floppy infants to assess the possible variability of neurological findings in infants identified through neonatal screening. The infants included in this study were identified as part of a pilot study exploring neonatal screening in two Italian regions. A neurological examination was performed using the HNNE and an additional module developed for the assessment of floppy infants. Seventeen infants were identified through the screening. One patient had 1 SMN2 copy, 9 had 2 copies, 3 had 3, and 4 had more than 3 copies. Nine of the 17 infants (53%) had completely normal results on both scales, 3 had minimal signs, and the other 5 had more obvious clinical signs. The number of SMN2 copies was related to the presence of abnormal neurological signs (p = 0.036) but two SMN2 copies were associated with variable clinical signs as they were found in some infants with respectively normal examination or obvious severe early signs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the combination of both scales increases the possibility to detect neonatal neurological signs and to define different early patterns of involvement also identifying paucisymptomatic patients.What is Known:• The use of new therapeutic options in presymptomatic SMA patients leads to a dramatic reduction of the onset and severity of the diesease.• The already existing tools commonly used in Type I SMA (HINE and CHOP-intend) may not be suitable to identify minor neurological signs in the neonatal period.What is New:• Combining the HNNE and the floppy infant module, we were able to identify early neurological signs in SMA infants identified through newborn screening&
Published: 2022

21. Body mass index in type 2 spinal muscular atrophy: a longitudinal study

Author: Ferrantini, Gloria, Coratti, Giorgia, Onesimo, Roberta, Lucibello, Simona, Bompard, S., Turrini, Ida, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Caprarelli, Michela, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Berti, B., Giorgio, Valentina, Bruno, C., Brolatti, N., Panicucci, C., D'Amico, Adele, Longo, A., Leoni, Chiara, Sansone, V. A., Albamonte, E., Messina, S., Sframeli, M., Bertini, E., Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Ferrantini G., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., Lucibello S., Turrini I., Cicala G., Caprarelli M., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Giorgio V., D'Amico A., Leoni C., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Ferrantini, Gloria, Coratti, Giorgia, Onesimo, Roberta, Lucibello, Simona, Bompard, S., Turrini, Ida, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Caprarelli, Michela, Pera, Maria Carmela, Bravetti, C., Berti, B., Giorgio, Valentina, Bruno, C., Brolatti, N., Panicucci, C., D'Amico, Adele, Longo, A., Leoni, Chiara, Sansone, V. A., Albamonte, E., Messina, S., Sframeli, M., Bertini, E., Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Ferrantini G., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., Lucibello S., Turrini I., Cicala G., Caprarelli M., Pera M. C. (ORCID:0000-0001-6777-1721), Giorgio V., D'Amico A., Leoni C., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: The aim of this retrospective study was to review body mass index (BMI) in a large cohort of Italian pediatric type 2 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients, aged between 0 and 20 years and to establish possible differences in relation to a number of variables such as ventilation, motor function, and survival motor neuron 2 gene copies. Cross-sectional data were collected from 102 patients for a total of 344 visits. Standard growth charts for height and weight were used as reference, with age adjusted BMI calculated using the Center for Disease and Prevention Children’s BMI Tool. In the 344 visits, weight ranged between 3.90 and 83 kg, and the BMI between 8.4 and 31.6 with a BMI/age z-scores < − 2SD present in 28% and BMI/age z-scores > + 2SD in 9% of the measurements. The BMI/age z-scores were relatively stable < 5 years of age with an increasing number of patients < − 2SD after the age of 5, and a wider range of BMI/age z-scores after the age of 13. A difference on the BMI/age z-scores was found among the different age subgroups (< 5, 5–12, ≥ 13 years). A multivariate analysis in 58 patients with longitudinal assessments showed that baseline BMI/age z-scores and gender were significantly contributing to the changes while other variables were not. Conclusion: Our results confirm that careful surveillance of weight and BMI/age z-scores is needed in type 2 SMA. Further studies, including assessments of chewing and swallowing and of lean/fat body mass, will help to better understand the possible mechanisms underlying weight issues.What is Known:• Feeding difficulties have been reported in a few studies and were invariably found in patients with type 1 SMA.• Type 2 SMA patients often have low BMI with a relevant number of patients requiring tube feeding.What is New:• Reduction in BMI/age z-score overtime appeared to depend on baseline BMI/age z-score and gender.• Patients with a low BMI/age z-score were at higher risk of developing fu
Published: 2022

22. Fighting autoinflammation in FIRES: The role of interleukins and early immunomodulation

Author: Perulli, Marco, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Turrini, Ida, Musto, Elisa, Quintiliani, Michela, Gambardella, Maria Luigia, Pulitano', Silvia Maria, Bompard, S., Staccioli, S., Carmillo, L., Di Sante, Gabriele, Ria, Francesco, Veredice, Chiara, Contaldo, Ilaria, Battaglia, Domenica Immacolata, Perulli M., Cicala G., Turrini I., Musto E., Quintiliani M., Gambardella M. L., Pulitano S. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8496-379X), Di Sante G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6608-3388), Ria F. (ORCID:0000-0002-8444-0307), Veredice C., Contaldo I., Battaglia D. (ORCID:0000-0003-0491-4021), Perulli, Marco, Cicala, Gianpaolo, Turrini, Ida, Musto, Elisa, Quintiliani, Michela, Gambardella, Maria Luigia, Pulitano', Silvia Maria, Bompard, S., Staccioli, S., Carmillo, L., Di Sante, Gabriele, Ria, Francesco, Veredice, Chiara, Contaldo, Ilaria, Battaglia, Domenica Immacolata, Perulli M., Cicala G., Turrini I., Musto E., Quintiliani M., Gambardella M. L., Pulitano S. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8496-379X), Di Sante G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6608-3388), Ria F. (ORCID:0000-0002-8444-0307), Veredice C., Contaldo I., and Battaglia D. (ORCID:0000-0003-0491-4021)
Abstract: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a challenging condition with unfavorable outcome in most cases. Preliminary evidence suggests that some interleukins, in particular IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1RA), could be elevated due to a functional deficiency of anti-inflammatory pathways. Therefore, treatment strategies acting on innate immunity could represent a targeted treatment. We describe the case of an 11-year-old child with super-refractory status epilepticus (SE), lasting more than two months. After being treated aggressively with antiseizure medications, anesthetics and empiric treatment for autoimmune encephalitis without success, she responded to anakinra and ketogenic diet. Escalation of the therapy was supported by the finding of a very high serum level of IL-1RA. This immunomodulatory approach allowed to discharge the child from intensive care 48 days after the SE onset. After more than one year follow-up the patient has moderate intellectual disability but with good language skills; she is seizure free and without motor deficits. This case suggests that serum IL-1RA serum levels may help to support treatment escalation. Moreover, anakinra and ketogenic diet represent encouraging immunomodulatory strategies which deserve further studies and could potentially have a synergistic effect. Finally, structured neuropsychological testing is an important outcome measure that will help to define the effectiveness of different treatment strategies.
Published: 2022

23. Non-invasive functional assessment of coronary stenosis by cardiac computed tomography [Valutazione funzionale non invasiva della stenosi coronarica mediante tomografia computerizzata cardiaca]

Author: Baggiano, A, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Del Torto, A, Vivona, P, Cavaliere, A, Cicala, G, Baessato, F, Greco, G, Loffreno, A, Palmisano, V, Rizzon, G, Pontone, G, Baggiano A, Guglielmo M, Muscogiuri G, Del Torto A, Vivona P, Cavaliere A, Cicala G, Baessato F, Greco G, Loffreno A, Palmisano V, Rizzon G, Pontone G, Baggiano, A, Guglielmo, M, Muscogiuri, G, Del Torto, A, Vivona, P, Cavaliere, A, Cicala, G, Baessato, F, Greco, G, Loffreno, A, Palmisano, V, Rizzon, G, Pontone, G, Baggiano A, Guglielmo M, Muscogiuri G, Del Torto A, Vivona P, Cavaliere A, Cicala G, Baessato F, Greco G, Loffreno A, Palmisano V, Rizzon G, and Pontone G
Abstract: L’incremento del numero di pazienti con aterosclerosi coronarica è un fenomeno di grande rilevanza clinica, la cui gestione comporta un grande dispendio di risorse in ambito sanitario. Principalmente, la gestione di questi pazienti è focalizzata sia sul controllo dei sintomi che sul miglioramento della prognosi. Pertanto, il test diagnostico ideale dovrebbe fornire sia la corretta diagnosi, sia le informazioni necessarie a pianificare la gestione terapeutica. A tal fine, diverse modalità di imaging non invasivo vengono solitamente utilizzate come “filtro” per l’angiografia coronarica invasiva, ma la loro performance diagnostica, se confrontate con la dimostrazione di coronaropatia ostruttiva all’esame angiografico invasivo o con la valutazione invasiva della riserva frazionale di flusso (FFR) rimane bassa. Per quanto detto, è impellente la necessità di tecniche non invasive che valutino sia l’aspetto anatomico che quello funzionale della cardiopatia ischemica. La tomografia computerizzata (TC) cardiaca si è imposta ormai da diversi anni come tecnica di imaging non invasivo dalle peculiarità uniche nel fornire l’imaging anatomico delle arterie coronarie. Più recentemente, la valutazione della FFR con TC cardiaca (FFRCT) ha dimostrato ottima performance diagnostica se confrontata con la FFR invasiva. Tra l’altro, questa analisi si è dimostrata più costo-efficace rispetto ai percorsi diagnostici standard in ampi studi multicentrici prospettici, ed è stato definito, con ottimi risultati, anche il suo ruolo prognostico. Più di recente, l’analisi della perfusione miocardica mediante TC (stress CTP) è stata introdotta come nuovo strumento per la diagnosi di ischemia inducibile con elevata accuratezza diagnostica. Grazie allo sviluppo tecnico, i protocolli di perfusione miocardica mediante TC, sia di tipo statico che dinamico, offrono un’accurata valutazione di natura funzionale con un aumento accettabile dell’esposizione alle radiazioni ionizzanti. Rispetto al, The increased number of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is of great clinical relevance and involves a large burden of the healthcare system. The management of these patients is focused on relieving symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. Therefore, the ideal test would provide the correct diagnosis and actionable information. To this aim, several non-invasive functional imaging modalities are usually used as gatekeeper to invasive coronary angiography, but their diagnostic performance remains low with limited accuracy when compared to obstructive CAD at the time of invasive coronary angiography or invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. For these reasons, an urgent need for non-invasive techniques that evaluate both the functional and morphological severity of CAD is growing. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has emerged as a unique non-invasive technique providing coronary artery anatomic imaging. More recently, the evaluation of FFR with CCTA (FFRCT) has demonstrated high diagnostic performance compared to invasive FFR. Moreover, this tool has been proven to be more cost-effective than standard diagnostic pathways in large prospective multicenter trials, and to have a prognostic role. Additionally, stress myocardial computed tomography perfusion (stress CTP) represents a novel tool for the diagnosis of ischemia with high diagnostic accuracy. With advances in technical development, both static and dynamic computed tomography myocardial perfusion protocols offer functional assessment with an acceptable increase in radiation exposure. Compared to other imaging techniques, both FFRCT and stress CTP allow the combination of the anatomical evaluation of coronary arteries and the functional relevance of coronary artery lesions, having the potential to revolutionize the diagnostic paradigm of suspected CAD. FFRCT and stress CTP should be integrated in diagnostic pathways of patients with stable CAD and will likely result in a decreas
Published: 2019

24. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

Author: Khalek, R. Abdul, Accardi, A., Adam, J., Adamiak, D., Akers, W., Albaladejo, M., Al-bataineh, A., Alexeev, M. G., Ameli, F., Antonioli, P., Armesto, N., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Asai, M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aune, S., Avagyan, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Azmoun, B., Bacchetta, A., Baker, M. D., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K. N., Barry, P. C., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V. V., Bernauer, J. C., Bertone, V., Bhattacharya, S., Bissolotti, C., Boer, D., Boglione, M., Bondì, M., Boora, P., Borsa, I., Bossù, F., Bozzi, G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brei, N., Bressan, A., Brooks, W. K., Bufalino, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Burkert, V., Buttimore, N. H., Camsonne, A., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Chang, W., Chatterjee, C., Chen, K., Chetry, T., Chiarusi, T., Chien, Y. -T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chudakov, E., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cloet, I. C., Cocuzza, C., Cole, P. L., Colella, D., Collins II, J. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Cosyn, W., Courtoy, A., Crafts, J., Cruz-Torres, R., Cuevas, R. C., D'Alesio, U., Torre, S. Dalla, Das, D., Dasgupta, S. S., Da Silva, C., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., DeGraw, W., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Deshpande, A., Detmold, W., De Vita, R., Diefenthaler, M., Dilks, C., Dixit, D. U., Dulat, S., Dumitru, A., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Echevarria, M. G., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Ent, R., Esha, R., Ethier, J. J., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, K. O., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fernandez-Ramirez, C., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Fitzgerald, D., Flore, C., Frederico, T., Friščić, I., Fucini, S., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gamberg, L., Gao, H., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Ducati, M. B. Gay, Gericke, M., da Silveira, G. Gil, Girod, F. -X., Glazier, D. I., Gnanvo, K., Goncalves, V. P., Gonella, L., Hernandez, J. O. Gonzalez, Goto, Y., Grancagnolo, F., Greiner, L. C., Guryn, W., Guzey, V., Hatta, Y., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., He, X., Hemmick, T. K., Hen, O., Heyes, G., Higinbotham, D. W., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobbs, T. J., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hou, T. -J., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iakovidis, G., Ilieva, Y., Jacak, B. V., Jacobs, P. M., Jadhav, M., Janoska, Z., Jentsch, A., Jezo, T., Jing, X., Jones, P. G., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Kafka, V., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kang, D., Kang, Z. B., Kauder, K., Kay, S. J. D., Keppel, C. E., Kim, J., Kiselev, A., Klasen, M., Klein, S., Klest, H. T., Korchak, O., Kostina, A., Kotko, P., Kovchegov, Y. V., Krelina, M., Kuleshov, S., Kumano, S., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, R., Kumar, L., Kumerički, K., Kusina, A., Kutak, K., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Lappi, T., Lauret, J., Lavinsky, M., Lawrence, D., Lednicky, D., Lee, C., Lee, K., Lee, S. H., Levorato, S., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, W. B., Ligonzo, T., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Liu, X., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lorcé, C., Lu, Z., Lucero, G., Lukow, N. S., Lunghi, E., Majka, R., Makris, Y., Mandjavidze, I., Mantry, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Markowitz, P., Marsicano, L., Mastroserio, A., Mathieu, V., Mehtar-Tani, Y., Melnitchouk, W., Mendez, L., Metz, A., Meziani, Z. -E., Mezrag, C., Mihovilovič, M., Milner, R., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, H., Mkrtchyan, A., Mochalov, V., Moiseev, V., Mondal, M. M., Morreale, A., Morrison, D., Motyka, L., Moutarde, H., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Murgia, F., Murray, M. J., Musico, P., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J., Newman, P. R., Neyret, D., Nguyen, D., Nocera, E. R., Noferini, F., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., Okorokov, V. A., Olness, F., Osborn, J. D., Page, B. S., Park, S., Parker, A., Paschke, K., Pasquini, B., Paukkunen, H., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Pegg, I. L., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Petriello, F., Petti, R., Pilloni, A., Pinkenburg, C., Pire, B., Pisano, C., Pitonyak, D., Poblaguev, A. A., Polakovic, T., Posik, M., Potekhin, M., Preghenella, R., Preins, S., Prokudin, A., Pujahari, P., Purschke, M. L., Pybus, J. R., Radici, M., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Reimer, P. E., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Roberts, C. D., Rodini, S., Rojo, J., Romanov, D., Rossi, P., Santopinto, E., Sarsour, M., Sassot, R., Sato, N., Schenke, B., Schmidke, W. B., Schmidt, I., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Schnell, G., Schweitzer, P., Schwiening, J., Scimemi, I., Scopetta, S., Segovia, J., Seidl, R., Sekula, S., Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, K., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Siddikov, M., Signori, A., Singh, B. K., Širca, S., Slifer, K., Slominski, W., Sokhan, D., Sondheim, W. E., Song, Y., Soto, O., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Stepanov, P., Sterman, G., Stevens, J. R., Stewart, I. W., Strakovsky, I., Strikman, M., Sturm, M., Stutzman, M. L., Sullivan, M., Surrow, B., Svihra, P., Syritsyn, S., Szczepaniak, A., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A. S., Takaki, J. D. Tapia, Tassielli, G. F., Terry, J., Tessarotto, F., Tezgin, K., Tomasek, L., Acosta, F. Torales, Tribedy, P., Tricoli, A., Triloki, Tripathi, S., Trotta, R. L., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Tuvè, C., Ullrich, T., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vancura, P., Vandenbroucke, M., Van Hulse, C., Varner, G., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vladimirov, A., Volpe, G., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wagner, J., Wallon, S., Wang, H., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wei, S. Y., Weiss, C., Wenaus, T., Wennlöf, H., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wikramanayake, A., Winney, D., Wong, C. P., Woody, C., Xia, L., Xiao, B. W., Xie, J., Xing, H., Xu, Q. H., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, L., Zhou, Y., Zurita, P., Khalek, R. Abdul, Accardi, A., Adam, J., Adamiak, D., Akers, W., Albaladejo, M., Al-bataineh, A., Alexeev, M. G., Ameli, F., Antonioli, P., Armesto, N., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Asai, M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aune, S., Avagyan, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Azmoun, B., Bacchetta, A., Baker, M. D., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K. N., Barry, P. C., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V. V., Bernauer, J. C., Bertone, V., Bhattacharya, S., Bissolotti, C., Boer, D., Boglione, M., Bondì, M., Boora, P., Borsa, I., Bossù, F., Bozzi, G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brei, N., Bressan, A., Brooks, W. K., Bufalino, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Burkert, V., Buttimore, N. H., Camsonne, A., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Chang, W., Chatterjee, C., Chen, K., Chetry, T., Chiarusi, T., Chien, Y. -T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chudakov, E., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cloet, I. C., Cocuzza, C., Cole, P. L., Colella, D., Collins II, J. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Cosyn, W., Courtoy, A., Crafts, J., Cruz-Torres, R., Cuevas, R. C., D'Alesio, U., Torre, S. Dalla, Das, D., Dasgupta, S. S., Da Silva, C., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., DeGraw, W., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Deshpande, A., Detmold, W., De Vita, R., Diefenthaler, M., Dilks, C., Dixit, D. U., Dulat, S., Dumitru, A., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Echevarria, M. G., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Ent, R., Esha, R., Ethier, J. J., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, K. O., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fernandez-Ramirez, C., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Fitzgerald, D., Flore, C., Frederico, T., Friščić, I., Fucini, S., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gamberg, L., Gao, H., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Ducati, M. B. Gay, Gericke, M., da Silveira, G. Gil, Girod, F. -X., Glazier, D. I., Gnanvo, K., Goncalves, V. P., Gonella, L., Hernandez, J. O. Gonzalez, Goto, Y., Grancagnolo, F., Greiner, L. C., Guryn, W., Guzey, V., Hatta, Y., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., He, X., Hemmick, T. K., Hen, O., Heyes, G., Higinbotham, D. W., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobbs, T. J., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hou, T. -J., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iakovidis, G., Ilieva, Y., Jacak, B. V., Jacobs, P. M., Jadhav, M., Janoska, Z., Jentsch, A., Jezo, T., Jing, X., Jones, P. G., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Kafka, V., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kang, D., Kang, Z. B., Kauder, K., Kay, S. J. D., Keppel, C. E., Kim, J., Kiselev, A., Klasen, M., Klein, S., Klest, H. T., Korchak, O., Kostina, A., Kotko, P., Kovchegov, Y. V., Krelina, M., Kuleshov, S., Kumano, S., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, R., Kumar, L., Kumerički, K., Kusina, A., Kutak, K., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Lappi, T., Lauret, J., Lavinsky, M., Lawrence, D., Lednicky, D., Lee, C., Lee, K., Lee, S. H., Levorato, S., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, W. B., Ligonzo, T., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Liu, X., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lorcé, C., Lu, Z., Lucero, G., Lukow, N. S., Lunghi, E., Majka, R., Makris, Y., Mandjavidze, I., Mantry, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Markowitz, P., Marsicano, L., Mastroserio, A., Mathieu, V., Mehtar-Tani, Y., Melnitchouk, W., Mendez, L., Metz, A., Meziani, Z. -E., Mezrag, C., Mihovilovič, M., Milner, R., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, H., Mkrtchyan, A., Mochalov, V., Moiseev, V., Mondal, M. M., Morreale, A., Morrison, D., Motyka, L., Moutarde, H., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Murgia, F., Murray, M. J., Musico, P., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J., Newman, P. R., Neyret, D., Nguyen, D., Nocera, E. R., Noferini, F., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., Okorokov, V. A., Olness, F., Osborn, J. D., Page, B. S., Park, S., Parker, A., Paschke, K., Pasquini, B., Paukkunen, H., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Pegg, I. L., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Petriello, F., Petti, R., Pilloni, A., Pinkenburg, C., Pire, B., Pisano, C., Pitonyak, D., Poblaguev, A. A., Polakovic, T., Posik, M., Potekhin, M., Preghenella, R., Preins, S., Prokudin, A., Pujahari, P., Purschke, M. L., Pybus, J. R., Radici, M., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Reimer, P. E., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Roberts, C. D., Rodini, S., Rojo, J., Romanov, D., Rossi, P., Santopinto, E., Sarsour, M., Sassot, R., Sato, N., Schenke, B., Schmidke, W. B., Schmidt, I., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Schnell, G., Schweitzer, P., Schwiening, J., Scimemi, I., Scopetta, S., Segovia, J., Seidl, R., Sekula, S., Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, K., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Siddikov, M., Signori, A., Singh, B. K., Širca, S., Slifer, K., Slominski, W., Sokhan, D., Sondheim, W. E., Song, Y., Soto, O., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Stepanov, P., Sterman, G., Stevens, J. R., Stewart, I. W., Strakovsky, I., Strikman, M., Sturm, M., Stutzman, M. L., Sullivan, M., Surrow, B., Svihra, P., Syritsyn, S., Szczepaniak, A., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A. S., Takaki, J. D. Tapia, Tassielli, G. F., Terry, J., Tessarotto, F., Tezgin, K., Tomasek, L., Acosta, F. Torales, Tribedy, P., Tricoli, A., Triloki, Tripathi, S., Trotta, R. L., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Tuvè, C., Ullrich, T., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vancura, P., Vandenbroucke, M., Van Hulse, C., Varner, G., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vladimirov, A., Volpe, G., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wagner, J., Wallon, S., Wang, H., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wei, S. Y., Weiss, C., Wenaus, T., Wennlöf, H., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wikramanayake, A., Winney, D., Wong, C. P., Woody, C., Xia, L., Xiao, B. W., Xie, J., Xing, H., Xu, Q. H., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, L., Zhou, Y., and Zurita, P.
Abstract: This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter, Comment: 902 pages, 415 authors, 151 institutions
Published: 2021
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25. Early Gross Motor Milestones in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Author: Norcia, G., Lucibello, Simona, Coratti, Giorgia, Onesimo, Roberta, Pede, Elisa, Ferrantini, Gloria, Brogna, Claudia, Cicala, Graziamaria, Carnicella, S., Forcina, N., Fanelli, L., Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Lucibello S., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., Pede E., Ferrantini G., Brogna C., Cicala G., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365), Norcia, G., Lucibello, Simona, Coratti, Giorgia, Onesimo, Roberta, Pede, Elisa, Ferrantini, Gloria, Brogna, Claudia, Cicala, Graziamaria, Carnicella, S., Forcina, N., Fanelli, L., Pane, Marika, Mercuri, Eugenio Maria, Lucibello S., Coratti G. (ORCID:0000-0001-6666-5628), Onesimo R., Pede E., Ferrantini G., Brogna C., Cicala G., Pane M. (ORCID:0000-0002-4851-6124), and Mercuri E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9851-5365)
Abstract: Background: Over the last few years there has been increasing attention to detect early signs of impairment in young Duchenne muscular dystrophy boys but less has been reported on whether the delay may also affect the very early aspects of motor development, such as gross motor milestones. Objective: The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the age when early motor milestones were achieved in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of data collected as part of a larger natural history project. Information on past medical history, collected at the time the boys were seen for the first time, were recorded and re available on clinical notes and on electronic CRF. Results: Data were collected in 134 DMD boys. Sitting was achieved at 7.04 months. The % of DMD boys not achieving sitting by 9.4 months was 10%, ranging from 2% in the boys with mutations before exon 44 to 33% in those beyond exon 63. Walking was achieved at a mean age of 16.35 months. The % of DMD boys not achieving independent walking by 18 months was 17%, ranging from 9% in the boys with mutations between 44 and 51 to 42% in those beyond exon 63. Conclusions: Our results showed that the risk of a delay in sitting and walking was increasingly high in patients with mutations predictive of the involvement of different brain dystrophin isoforms.
Published: 2021

26. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

Author: Khalek, R. Abdul, Accardi, A., Adam, J., Adamiak, D., Akers, W., Albaladejo, M., Al-bataineh, A., Alexeev, M. G., Ameli, F., Antonioli, P., Armesto, N., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Asai, M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aune, S., Avagyan, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Azmoun, B., Bacchetta, A., Baker, M. D., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K. N., Barry, P. C., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V. V., Bernauer, J. C., Bertone, V., Bhattacharya, S., Bissolotti, C., Boer, D., Boglione, M., Bondì, M., Boora, P., Borsa, I., Bossù, F., Bozzi, G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brei, N., Bressan, A., Brooks, W. K., Bufalino, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Burkert, V., Buttimore, N. H., Camsonne, A., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Chang, W., Chatterjee, C., Chen, K., Chetry, T., Chiarusi, T., Chien, Y. -T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chudakov, E., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cloet, I. C., Cocuzza, C., Cole, P. L., Colella, D., Collins II, J. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Cosyn, W., Courtoy, A., Crafts, J., Cruz-Torres, R., Cuevas, R. C., D'Alesio, U., Torre, S. Dalla, Das, D., Dasgupta, S. S., Da Silva, C., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., DeGraw, W., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Deshpande, A., Detmold, W., De Vita, R., Diefenthaler, M., Dilks, C., Dixit, D. U., Dulat, S., Dumitru, A., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Echevarria, M. G., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Ent, R., Esha, R., Ethier, J. J., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, K. O., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fernandez-Ramirez, C., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Fitzgerald, D., Flore, C., Frederico, T., Friščić, I., Fucini, S., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gamberg, L., Gao, H., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Ducati, M. B. Gay, Gericke, M., da Silveira, G. Gil, Girod, F. -X., Glazier, D. I., Gnanvo, K., Goncalves, V. P., Gonella, L., Hernandez, J. O. Gonzalez, Goto, Y., Grancagnolo, F., Greiner, L. C., Guryn, W., Guzey, V., Hatta, Y., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., He, X., Hemmick, T. K., Hen, O., Heyes, G., Higinbotham, D. W., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobbs, T. J., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hou, T. -J., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iakovidis, G., Ilieva, Y., Jacak, B. V., Jacobs, P. M., Jadhav, M., Janoska, Z., Jentsch, A., Jezo, T., Jing, X., Jones, P. G., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Kafka, V., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kang, D., Kang, Z. B., Kauder, K., Kay, S. J. D., Keppel, C. E., Kim, J., Kiselev, A., Klasen, M., Klein, S., Klest, H. T., Korchak, O., Kostina, A., Kotko, P., Kovchegov, Y. V., Krelina, M., Kuleshov, S., Kumano, S., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, R., Kumar, L., Kumerički, K., Kusina, A., Kutak, K., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Lappi, T., Lauret, J., Lavinsky, M., Lawrence, D., Lednicky, D., Lee, C., Lee, K., Lee, S. H., Levorato, S., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, W. B., Ligonzo, T., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Liu, X., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lorcé, C., Lu, Z., Lucero, G., Lukow, N. S., Lunghi, E., Majka, R., Makris, Y., Mandjavidze, I., Mantry, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Markowitz, P., Marsicano, L., Mastroserio, A., Mathieu, V., Mehtar-Tani, Y., Melnitchouk, W., Mendez, L., Metz, A., Meziani, Z. -E., Mezrag, C., Mihovilovič, M., Milner, R., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, H., Mkrtchyan, A., Mochalov, V., Moiseev, V., Mondal, M. M., Morreale, A., Morrison, D., Motyka, L., Moutarde, H., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Murgia, F., Murray, M. J., Musico, P., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J., Newman, P. R., Neyret, D., Nguyen, D., Nocera, E. R., Noferini, F., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., Okorokov, V. A., Olness, F., Osborn, J. D., Page, B. S., Park, S., Parker, A., Paschke, K., Pasquini, B., Paukkunen, H., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Pegg, I. L., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Petriello, F., Petti, R., Pilloni, A., Pinkenburg, C., Pire, B., Pisano, C., Pitonyak, D., Poblaguev, A. A., Polakovic, T., Posik, M., Potekhin, M., Preghenella, R., Preins, S., Prokudin, A., Pujahari, P., Purschke, M. L., Pybus, J. R., Radici, M., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Reimer, P. E., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Roberts, C. D., Rodini, S., Rojo, J., Romanov, D., Rossi, P., Santopinto, E., Sarsour, M., Sassot, R., Sato, N., Schenke, B., Schmidke, W. B., Schmidt, I., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Schnell, G., Schweitzer, P., Schwiening, J., Scimemi, I., Scopetta, S., Segovia, J., Seidl, R., Sekula, S., Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, K., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Siddikov, M., Signori, A., Singh, B. K., Širca, S., Slifer, K., Slominski, W., Sokhan, D., Sondheim, W. E., Song, Y., Soto, O., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Stepanov, P., Sterman, G., Stevens, J. R., Stewart, I. W., Strakovsky, I., Strikman, M., Sturm, M., Stutzman, M. L., Sullivan, M., Surrow, B., Svihra, P., Syritsyn, S., Szczepaniak, A., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A. S., Takaki, J. D. Tapia, Tassielli, G. F., Terry, J., Tessarotto, F., Tezgin, K., Tomasek, L., Acosta, F. Torales, Tribedy, P., Tricoli, A., Triloki, Tripathi, S., Trotta, R. L., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Tuvè, C., Ullrich, T., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vancura, P., Vandenbroucke, M., Van Hulse, C., Varner, G., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vladimirov, A., Volpe, G., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wagner, J., Wallon, S., Wang, H., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wei, S. Y., Weiss, C., Wenaus, T., Wennlöf, H., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wikramanayake, A., Winney, D., Wong, C. P., Woody, C., Xia, L., Xiao, B. W., Xie, J., Xing, H., Xu, Q. H., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, L., Zhou, Y., Zurita, P., Khalek, R. Abdul, Accardi, A., Adam, J., Adamiak, D., Akers, W., Albaladejo, M., Al-bataineh, A., Alexeev, M. G., Ameli, F., Antonioli, P., Armesto, N., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Asai, M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aune, S., Avagyan, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Azmoun, B., Bacchetta, A., Baker, M. D., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K. N., Barry, P. C., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V. V., Bernauer, J. C., Bertone, V., Bhattacharya, S., Bissolotti, C., Boer, D., Boglione, M., Bondì, M., Boora, P., Borsa, I., Bossù, F., Bozzi, G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brei, N., Bressan, A., Brooks, W. K., Bufalino, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Burkert, V., Buttimore, N. H., Camsonne, A., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Chang, W., Chatterjee, C., Chen, K., Chetry, T., Chiarusi, T., Chien, Y. -T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chudakov, E., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cloet, I. C., Cocuzza, C., Cole, P. L., Colella, D., Collins II, J. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Cosyn, W., Courtoy, A., Crafts, J., Cruz-Torres, R., Cuevas, R. C., D'Alesio, U., Torre, S. Dalla, Das, D., Dasgupta, S. S., Da Silva, C., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., DeGraw, W., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Deshpande, A., Detmold, W., De Vita, R., Diefenthaler, M., Dilks, C., Dixit, D. U., Dulat, S., Dumitru, A., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Echevarria, M. G., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Ent, R., Esha, R., Ethier, J. J., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, K. O., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fernandez-Ramirez, C., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Fitzgerald, D., Flore, C., Frederico, T., Friščić, I., Fucini, S., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gamberg, L., Gao, H., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Ducati, M. B. Gay, Gericke, M., da Silveira, G. Gil, Girod, F. -X., Glazier, D. I., Gnanvo, K., Goncalves, V. P., Gonella, L., Hernandez, J. O. Gonzalez, Goto, Y., Grancagnolo, F., Greiner, L. C., Guryn, W., Guzey, V., Hatta, Y., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., He, X., Hemmick, T. K., Hen, O., Heyes, G., Higinbotham, D. W., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobbs, T. J., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hou, T. -J., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iakovidis, G., Ilieva, Y., Jacak, B. V., Jacobs, P. M., Jadhav, M., Janoska, Z., Jentsch, A., Jezo, T., Jing, X., Jones, P. G., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Kafka, V., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kang, D., Kang, Z. B., Kauder, K., Kay, S. J. D., Keppel, C. E., Kim, J., Kiselev, A., Klasen, M., Klein, S., Klest, H. T., Korchak, O., Kostina, A., Kotko, P., Kovchegov, Y. V., Krelina, M., Kuleshov, S., Kumano, S., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, R., Kumar, L., Kumerički, K., Kusina, A., Kutak, K., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Lappi, T., Lauret, J., Lavinsky, M., Lawrence, D., Lednicky, D., Lee, C., Lee, K., Lee, S. H., Levorato, S., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, W. B., Ligonzo, T., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Liu, X., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lorcé, C., Lu, Z., Lucero, G., Lukow, N. S., Lunghi, E., Majka, R., Makris, Y., Mandjavidze, I., Mantry, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Markowitz, P., Marsicano, L., Mastroserio, A., Mathieu, V., Mehtar-Tani, Y., Melnitchouk, W., Mendez, L., Metz, A., Meziani, Z. -E., Mezrag, C., Mihovilovič, M., Milner, R., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, H., Mkrtchyan, A., Mochalov, V., Moiseev, V., Mondal, M. M., Morreale, A., Morrison, D., Motyka, L., Moutarde, H., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Murgia, F., Murray, M. J., Musico, P., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J., Newman, P. R., Neyret, D., Nguyen, D., Nocera, E. R., Noferini, F., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., Okorokov, V. A., Olness, F., Osborn, J. D., Page, B. S., Park, S., Parker, A., Paschke, K., Pasquini, B., Paukkunen, H., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Pegg, I. L., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Petriello, F., Petti, R., Pilloni, A., Pinkenburg, C., Pire, B., Pisano, C., Pitonyak, D., Poblaguev, A. A., Polakovic, T., Posik, M., Potekhin, M., Preghenella, R., Preins, S., Prokudin, A., Pujahari, P., Purschke, M. L., Pybus, J. R., Radici, M., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Reimer, P. E., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Roberts, C. D., Rodini, S., Rojo, J., Romanov, D., Rossi, P., Santopinto, E., Sarsour, M., Sassot, R., Sato, N., Schenke, B., Schmidke, W. B., Schmidt, I., Schmidt, A., Schmookler, B., Schnell, G., Schweitzer, P., Schwiening, J., Scimemi, I., Scopetta, S., Segovia, J., Seidl, R., Sekula, S., Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, K., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Siddikov, M., Signori, A., Singh, B. K., Širca, S., Slifer, K., Slominski, W., Sokhan, D., Sondheim, W. E., Song, Y., Soto, O., Spiesberger, H., Stasto, A. M., Stepanov, P., Sterman, G., Stevens, J. R., Stewart, I. W., Strakovsky, I., Strikman, M., Sturm, M., Stutzman, M. L., Sullivan, M., Surrow, B., Svihra, P., Syritsyn, S., Szczepaniak, A., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A. S., Takaki, J. D. Tapia, Tassielli, G. F., Terry, J., Tessarotto, F., Tezgin, K., Tomasek, L., Acosta, F. Torales, Tribedy, P., Tricoli, A., Triloki, Tripathi, S., Trotta, R. L., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Tuvè, C., Ullrich, T., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vancura, P., Vandenbroucke, M., Van Hulse, C., Varner, G., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vladimirov, A., Volpe, G., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wagner, J., Wallon, S., Wang, H., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wei, S. Y., Weiss, C., Wenaus, T., Wennlöf, H., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wikramanayake, A., Winney, D., Wong, C. P., Woody, C., Xia, L., Xiao, B. W., Xie, J., Xing, H., Xu, Q. H., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, L., Zhou, Y., and Zurita, P.
Abstract: This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter, Comment: 902 pages, 415 authors, 151 institutions
Published: 2021
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27. Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC

Author: Brunbauer, F. M., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., D`Ago, D., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Ligonzo, T., Levorato, S., Lisowska, M., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Ropelewski, L., Triloki, Valentini, A., Velardi, L., Zhao, Y. X., Brunbauer, F. M., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., D`Ago, D., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Ligonzo, T., Levorato, S., Lisowska, M., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Ropelewski, L., Triloki, Valentini, A., Velardi, L., and Zhao, Y. X.
Abstract: We are developing gaseous photon detectors for Cherenkov imaging applications in the experiments at the future Electron Ion Collider. CsI, converting photons in the far ultraviolet range, is, so far, the only photoconverter compatible with the operation of gaseous detectors. It is very delicate to handle due to its hygroscopic nature: the absorbed water vapour decomposes the CsI molecule. In addition, its quantum efficiency degrades under ion bombardment. These are the key reasons to quest for novel, less delicate materials for photocathodes adequate for gaseous photon detectors. Layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond particles have recently been proposed as an alternative material and have shown promising characteristics. The performance of nanodiamond photocathodes coupled to thick GEM-based detectors is the object of our ongoing R\&D. The first phase of these studies includes the characterization of thick GEM coated with nanodiamond layers and the robustness of its photoconverting properties with respect to the bombardment by ions from the multiplication process in the gaseous detector. The approach is described in detail as well as all the results obtained so far within these exploratory studies.
Published: 2020
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28. Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC

Author: Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Triloki, Valentini, A., Velardi, L., Zhao, Y. X., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Triloki, Valentini, A., Velardi, L., and Zhao, Y. X.
Abstract: The design of a Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detector for the identification of high momentum particles at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is extremely challenging by using current technology. Compact collider setups impose to construct RICH with short radiator length, hence limiting the number of generated photons. The number of detected photons can be increased by selecting the far UV region. As standard fused-silica windows is opaque below 165 nm, a windowless RICH can be a possible approach. CsI is widely used photocathode (PC) for photon detection in the far UV range. Due to its hygroscopic nature it is very delicate to handle. In addition, its Quantum Efficiency (QE) degrades in high intensity ion fluxes. These are the key reasons to quest for novel PC with sensitivity in the far UV region. Recent development of layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond powders as an alternative PC material and their performance, when coupled to the THick Gaseous Electron Multipliers (THGEM)-based detectors, are the objects of an ongoing R\&D. We report here some preliminary results on the initial phase of these studies., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, MPGD-2019 La Rochelle, Proceeding
Published: 2019
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29. Innovative chemical process for recycling thermosets cured with recyclamines® by converting bio-epoxy composites in reusable thermoplastic-an LCA study

Author: La Rosa, A. D., Blanco, I., Banatao, D. R., Pastine, S. J., Björklund, Anna, Cicala, G., La Rosa, A. D., Blanco, I., Banatao, D. R., Pastine, S. J., Björklund, Anna, and Cicala, G.
Abstract: An innovative recycling process for thermoset polymer composites developed by Connora Technologies (Hayward, CA, USA) was studied. The process efficacy has already been tested, and it is currently working at the plant level. The main aspect investigated in the present paper was the environmental impact by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Because of the need to recycle and recover materials at their end of life, the Connora process creates a great innovation in the market of epoxy composites, as they are notoriously not recyclable. Connora Technologies developed a relatively gentle chemical recycling process that induces the conversion of thermosets into thermoplastics. The LCA demonstrated that low environmental burdens are associated with the process itself and, furthermore, impacts are avoided due to the recovery of the epoxy-composite constituents (fibres and matrix). A carbon fibre (CF) epoxy-composite panel was produced through Vacuum Resin Transfer Moulding (VRTM) and afterwards treated using the Connora recycling process. The LCA results of both the production and the recycling phases are reported., Export Date: 9 May 2018; Article; Correspondence Address: La Rosa, A.D.; Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture and INSTM UdR, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Italy; email: dlarosa@unict.it. QC 20180528
Published: 2018
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30. Study of MicroPattern Gaseous detectors with novel nanodiamond based photocathodes for single photon detection in EIC RICH

Author: Agarwala, J., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Valentini, A., Velardi, L., Zhao, Y., Agarwala, J., Chatterjee, C., Cicala, G., Cicuttin, A., Ciliberti, P., Crespo, M. L., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S., Gregori, M., Levorato, S., Menon, G., Tessarotto, F., Valentini, A., Velardi, L., and Zhao, Y.
Abstract: Identification of high momentum hadrons at the future EIC is crucial, gaseous RICH detectors are therefore viable option. Compact collider setups impose to construct RICHes with small radiator length, hence significantly limiting the number of detected photons. More photons can be detected in the far UV region, using a windowless RICH approach. QE of CsI degrades under strong irradiation and air contamination. Nanodiamond based photocathodes (PCs) are being developed as an alternative to CsI. Recent development of layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond powders as an alternative photosensitive material and their performance, when coupled to the THick Gaseous Electron Multipliers (THGEM)-based detectors, are the objects of an ongoing R\&D. We report about the initial phase of our studies., Comment: 3 pages, 5 figures, RICH2018 conference proceeding
Published: 2018
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31. Life cycle assessment of a novel hybrid glass-hemp/thermoset composite

Author: La Rosa, A. D., Cozzo, G., Latten, A., Recca, A., Björklund, Anna, Parinello, E., Cicala, G., La Rosa, A. D., Cozzo, G., Latten, A., Recca, A., Björklund, Anna, Parinello, E., and Cicala, G.
Abstract: Bio-based materials have come increasingly into focus during the last years, as alternatives to conventional materials such as fossil-based polymers, metals, and glass. The present paper is an application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology in order to explore the possibility of improving the eco efficiency of glass fibre composite materials by replacing part of the glass fibres with hemp mats. The main purpose and contribution of this study is the exploration of the eco-efficiency of this new material. To a minor degree, it is also a contribution in the sense that it provides life cycle inventory data on composites, which as yet is scarce in the LCA community. The study is a development of a previous work conducted on a pipe system used to transport cooling sea waters in a Sicilian petrochemical company. A comparative LCA was performed of two different elbow–fittings made of glass fibre/thermoset composite and hybrid (glass fibre-hemp)/thermoset composite, respectively. Primary data were collected mainly for the manufacturing process of the composite, while the Ecoinvent v2.2 database (PRè- Product Ecology Consultants, 2012) was used to model other parts of the system. Significant environmental benefits of using hemp mats were found mainly in the production phase. An LCC was also carried out from cradle to grave to find ways to optimise the costs. Material costs reduction was significant for the hybrid elbow formulation., QC 20130213
Published: 2013
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32. On the mechanical properties of melt-blended nylon 6/ethylene-octene copolymer/graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites.

Author: Attar, S. (Suhail), Chen, B. (Biqiong), Cicala, G. (Gianluca), Catalanotti, G. (Giuseppe), Scalici, T. (Tommasso), Falzon, B. G. (Brian G.), Attar, S. (Suhail), Chen, B. (Biqiong), Cicala, G. (Gianluca), Catalanotti, G. (Giuseppe), Scalici, T. (Tommasso), and Falzon, B. G. (Brian G.)
Abstract: Ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) with a loading level of 20 wt%, maleated EOC (EOC-g-MA) with a loading level of 3 wt% and graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) at four different loading levels, i.e., 3 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt% were added to nylon 6 to prepare nanocomposites using a twin-screw extruder with a high shear rate screw running at 300 rpm. Increased stiffness was observed with the addition of GnPs while tensile strength of nanocomposites was only slightly influenced. Addition of GnPs into nylon 6 and nylon 6/EOC blend caused either a reduction in the Charpy impact strength or it remained unaffected. Similarly, the Izod impact strength of compatibilized nylon 6/EOC blend increased while that of nylon 6/EOC blend-based nanocomposites decreased. An increase was observed in the compressive Izod impact strength of compatibilized nylon 6/EOC blend. Addition of GnPs to nylon 6/EOC blend caused an increase in the fracture toughness due to their influence on the morphology and fracture mechanisms. This study shows that simultaneous addition of high surface area GnPs and an impact modifier to neat nylon 6 can help achieve enhancement and tailoring of stiffness and toughness.

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32 results on '"Cicala, G"'

1. Progress in coupling MPGD-based Photon Detectors with Nanodiamond Photocathodes

2. Neurological assessment tool for screening infants during the first year after birth: The Brief-Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination

3. Gain and loss of upper limb abilities in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients: A 24-month study

4. AI Cardiac MRI Scar Analysis Aids Prediction of Major Arrhythmic Events in the Multicenter DERIVATE Registry

5. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Prophylactic Implantable-Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: The DERIVATE–ICM International Registry

6. Fighting autoinflammation in FIRES: The role of interleukins and early immunomodulation

7. Onasemnogene abeparvovec in spinal muscular atrophy: predictors of efficacy and safety in naïve patients with spinal muscular atrophy and following switch from other therapies

8. Patient reported outcome measure for upper limb in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: correlation with PUL2.0

9. Early treatment of type II SMA slows rate of progression of scoliosis

10. Detecting early signs in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: comprehensive review and diagnostic implications

11. Profile of cognitive abilities in spinal muscular atrophy type II and III: what is the role of motor impairment?

12. Clinical Phenotype of Pediatric and Adult Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy With Four SMN2 Copies: Are They Really All Stable?

13. Magnetic resonance imaging and artificial intelligence

14. CarDiac magnEtic Resonance for prophylactic Implantable-cardioVerter defibrillAtor ThErapy in Non-Ischaemic dilated CardioMyopathy: an international Registry

15. Sequential Strategy Including FFR CT Plus Stress-CTP Impacts on Management of Patients with Stable Chest Pain: The Stress-CTP RIPCORD Study

16. Performance of a deep learning algorithm for the evaluation of CAD-RADS classification with CCTA

17. ATHENA detector proposal - a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

18. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

19. ATHENA Detector Proposal -- A Totally Hermetic Electron Nucleus Apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

20. Neurological assessment of newborns with spinal muscular atrophy identified through neonatal screening

21. Body mass index in type 2 spinal muscular atrophy: a longitudinal study

22. Fighting autoinflammation in FIRES: The role of interleukins and early immunomodulation

23. Non-invasive functional assessment of coronary stenosis by cardiac computed tomography [Valutazione funzionale non invasiva della stenosi coronarica mediante tomografia computerizzata cardiaca]

24. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

25. Early Gross Motor Milestones in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

26. Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

27. Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC

28. Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC

29. Innovative chemical process for recycling thermosets cured with recyclamines® by converting bio-epoxy composites in reusable thermoplastic-an LCA study

30. Study of MicroPattern Gaseous detectors with novel nanodiamond based photocathodes for single photon detection in EIC RICH

31. Life cycle assessment of a novel hybrid glass-hemp/thermoset composite

32. On the mechanical properties of melt-blended nylon 6/ethylene-octene copolymer/graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites.

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32 results on '"Cicala, G"'

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