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1. Small Correlated Against Large Estimator (SCALE) for Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing

Author: Chan, Victor C., Hložek, Renée, Meyers, Joel, van Engelen, Alexander, Chan, Victor C., Hložek, Renée, Meyers, Joel, and van Engelen, Alexander
Abstract: Weak gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) carries imprints of the physics operating at redshifts much lower than that of recombination and serves as an important probe of cosmological structure formation, dark matter physics, and the mass of neutrinos. Reconstruction of the CMB lensing deflection field through use of quadratic estimators has proven successful with existing data but is known to be sub-optimal on small angular scales ($\ell > 3000$) for experiments with low noise levels. Future experiments will provide better observations in this regime, but these techniques will remain statistically limited by their approximations. We show that correlations between fluctuations of the large-scale temperature gradient power of the CMB sourced by $\ell < 2000$, and fluctuations to the local small-scale temperature power reveal a lensing signal which is prominent in even the real-space pixel statistics across a CMB temperature map. We present the development of the Small Correlated Against Large Estimator (SCALE), a novel estimator for the CMB lensing spectrum which offers promising complementary analysis alongside other reconstruction techniques in this regime. The SCALE method computes correlations between both the large/small-scale temperature gradient power in harmonic space, and it is able to quantitatively recover unbiased statistics of the CMB lensing field without the need for map-level reconstruction. SCALE can outperform quadratic estimator signal-to-noise by a factor of up to 1.5 in current and upcoming experiments for CMB lensing power spectra $C_{6000
Published: 2023

2. Gradient descent-based programming of analog in-memory computing cores

Author: Büchel, Julian, Vasilopoulos, Athanasios, Kersting, Benedikt, Odermatt, Frederic, Brew, Kevin, Ok, Injo, Choi, Sam, Saraf, Iqbal, Chan, Victor, Philip, Timothy, Saulnier, Nicole, Narayanan, Vijay, Gallo, Manuel Le, Sebastian, Abu, Büchel, Julian, Vasilopoulos, Athanasios, Kersting, Benedikt, Odermatt, Frederic, Brew, Kevin, Ok, Injo, Choi, Sam, Saraf, Iqbal, Chan, Victor, Philip, Timothy, Saulnier, Nicole, Narayanan, Vijay, Gallo, Manuel Le, and Sebastian, Abu
Abstract: The precise programming of crossbar arrays of unit-cells is crucial for obtaining high matrix-vector-multiplication (MVM) accuracy in analog in-memory computing (AIMC) cores. We propose a radically different approach based on directly minimizing the MVM error using gradient descent with synthetic random input data. Our method significantly reduces the MVM error compared with conventional unit-cell by unit-cell iterative programming. It also eliminates the need for high-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) to read the small unit-cell conductance during programming. Our method improves the experimental inference accuracy of ResNet-9 implemented on two phase-change memory (PCM)-based AIMC cores by 1.26%.
Published: 2023
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3. Offline RL with No OOD Actions: In-Sample Learning via Implicit Value Regularization

Author: Xu, Haoran, Jiang, Li, Li, Jianxiong, Yang, Zhuoran, Wang, Zhaoran, Chan, Victor Wai Kin, Zhan, Xianyuan, Xu, Haoran, Jiang, Li, Li, Jianxiong, Yang, Zhuoran, Wang, Zhaoran, Chan, Victor Wai Kin, and Zhan, Xianyuan
Abstract: Most offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods suffer from the trade-off between improving the policy to surpass the behavior policy and constraining the policy to limit the deviation from the behavior policy as computing $Q$-values using out-of-distribution (OOD) actions will suffer from errors due to distributional shift. The recently proposed \textit{In-sample Learning} paradigm (i.e., IQL), which improves the policy by quantile regression using only data samples, shows great promise because it learns an optimal policy without querying the value function of any unseen actions. However, it remains unclear how this type of method handles the distributional shift in learning the value function. In this work, we make a key finding that the in-sample learning paradigm arises under the \textit{Implicit Value Regularization} (IVR) framework. This gives a deeper understanding of why the in-sample learning paradigm works, i.e., it applies implicit value regularization to the policy. Based on the IVR framework, we further propose two practical algorithms, Sparse $Q$-learning (SQL) and Exponential $Q$-learning (EQL), which adopt the same value regularization used in existing works, but in a complete in-sample manner. Compared with IQL, we find that our algorithms introduce sparsity in learning the value function, making them more robust in noisy data regimes. We also verify the effectiveness of SQL and EQL on D4RL benchmark datasets and show the benefits of in-sample learning by comparing them with CQL in small data regimes., Comment: ICLR 2023 notable top 5%
Published: 2023

4. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author: Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, Zonca, Andrea, Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473
Published: 2022

5. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author: Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, Zonca, Andrea, Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473
Published: 2022

6. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author: Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, Zonca, Andrea, Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473
Published: 2022

7. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author: Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, Zonca, Andrea, Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473
Published: 2022

8. A 64-core mixed-signal in-memory compute chip based on phase-change memory for deep neural network inference

Author: Gallo, Manuel Le, Khaddam-Aljameh, Riduan, Stanisavljevic, Milos, Vasilopoulos, Athanasios, Kersting, Benedikt, Dazzi, Martino, Karunaratne, Geethan, Braendli, Matthias, Singh, Abhairaj, Mueller, Silvia M., Buechel, Julian, Timoneda, Xavier, Joshi, Vinay, Egger, Urs, Garofalo, Angelo, Petropoulos, Anastasios, Antonakopoulos, Theodore, Brew, Kevin, Choi, Samuel, Ok, Injo, Philip, Timothy, Chan, Victor, Silvestre, Claire, Ahsan, Ishtiaq, Saulnier, Nicole, Narayanan, Vijay, Francese, Pier Andrea, Eleftheriou, Evangelos, Sebastian, Abu, Gallo, Manuel Le, Khaddam-Aljameh, Riduan, Stanisavljevic, Milos, Vasilopoulos, Athanasios, Kersting, Benedikt, Dazzi, Martino, Karunaratne, Geethan, Braendli, Matthias, Singh, Abhairaj, Mueller, Silvia M., Buechel, Julian, Timoneda, Xavier, Joshi, Vinay, Egger, Urs, Garofalo, Angelo, Petropoulos, Anastasios, Antonakopoulos, Theodore, Brew, Kevin, Choi, Samuel, Ok, Injo, Philip, Timothy, Chan, Victor, Silvestre, Claire, Ahsan, Ishtiaq, Saulnier, Nicole, Narayanan, Vijay, Francese, Pier Andrea, Eleftheriou, Evangelos, and Sebastian, Abu
Abstract: The need to repeatedly shuttle around synaptic weight values from memory to processing units has been a key source of energy inefficiency associated with hardware implementation of artificial neural networks. Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) with spatially instantiated synaptic weights holds high promise to overcome this challenge, by performing matrix-vector multiplications (MVMs) directly within the network weights stored on a chip to execute an inference workload. However, to achieve end-to-end improvements in latency and energy consumption, AIMC must be combined with on-chip digital operations and communication to move towards configurations in which a full inference workload is realized entirely on-chip. Moreover, it is highly desirable to achieve high MVM and inference accuracy without application-wise re-tuning of the chip. Here, we present a multi-core AIMC chip designed and fabricated in 14-nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology with backend-integrated phase-change memory (PCM). The fully-integrated chip features 64 256x256 AIMC cores interconnected via an on-chip communication network. It also implements the digital activation functions and processing involved in ResNet convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. We demonstrate near software-equivalent inference accuracy with ResNet and LSTM networks while implementing all the computations associated with the weight layers and the activation functions on-chip. The chip can achieve a maximal throughput of 63.1 TOPS at an energy efficiency of 9.76 TOPS/W for 8-bit input/output matrix-vector multiplications.
Published: 2022
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9. In-memory Realization of In-situ Few-shot Continual Learning with a Dynamically Evolving Explicit Memory

Author: Karunaratne, Geethan, Hersche, Michael, Langenegger, Jovin, Cherubini, Giovanni, Gallo-Bourdeau, Manuel Le, Egger, Urs, Brew, Kevin, Choi, Sam, OK, INJO, Silvestre, Mary Claire, Li, Ning, Saulnier, Nicole, Chan, Victor, Ahsan, Ishtiaq, Narayanan, Vijay, Benini, Luca, Sebastian, Abu, Rahimi, Abbas, Karunaratne, Geethan, Hersche, Michael, Langenegger, Jovin, Cherubini, Giovanni, Gallo-Bourdeau, Manuel Le, Egger, Urs, Brew, Kevin, Choi, Sam, OK, INJO, Silvestre, Mary Claire, Li, Ning, Saulnier, Nicole, Chan, Victor, Ahsan, Ishtiaq, Narayanan, Vijay, Benini, Luca, Sebastian, Abu, and Rahimi, Abbas
Abstract: Continually learning new classes from a few training examples without forgetting previous old classes demands a flexible architecture with an inevitably growing portion of storage, in which new examples and classes can be incrementally stored and efficiently retrieved. One viable architectural solution is to tightly couple a stationary deep neural network to a dynamically evolving explicit memory (EM). As the centerpiece of this architecture, we propose an EM unit that leverages energy-efficient in-memory compute (IMC) cores during the course of continual learning operations. We demonstrate for the first time how the EM unit can physically superpose multiple training examples, expand to accommodate unseen classes, and perform similarity search during inference, using operations on an IMC core based on phase-change memory (PCM). Specifically, the physical superposition of a few encoded training examples is realized via in-situ progressive crystallization of PCM devices. The classification accuracy achieved on the IMC core remains within a range of 1.28%--2.5% compared to that of the state-of-the-art full-precision baseline software model on both the CIFAR-100 and miniImageNet datasets when continually learning 40 novel classes (from only five examples per class) on top of 60 old classes., Comment: Accepted at the European Solid-state Devices and Circuits Conference (ESSDERC), September 2022
Published: 2022

10. Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

Author: Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, Zonca, Andrea, Abazajian, Kevork, Abdulghafour, Arwa, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ajello, Marco, Akerib, Daniel, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Amiri, Mandana, Anderson, Adam, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Archipley, Melanie, Arnold, Kam S., Ashby, Matt, Aung, Han, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baker, Carina, Bakshi, Abhishek, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Barton, Paul, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, Jim, Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Belkner, Sebastian, Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Besuner, Bobby, Bethermin, Matthieu, Bhimani, Sanah, Bianchini, Federico, Biquard, Simon, Birdwell, Ian, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bocaz, Paulina, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Chang, Clarence L., Chapman, Scott, Charles, Eric, Chauvin, Eric, Cheng, Cheng, Chesmore, Grace, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Clancy, Justin, Clark, Susan, Cooray, Asantha, Coppi, Gabriele, Corlett, John, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Dai, Wei-Ming, Daley, Cail, Dart, Eli, Daues, Gregorg, de Haan, Tijmen, Deaconu, Cosmin, Delabrouille, Jacques, Derylo, Greg, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dober, Brad, Doriese, Randy, Duff, Shannon, Dutcher, Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, Dünner, Rolando, Eftekhari, Tarraneh, Eimer, Joseph, Bouhargani, Hamza El, Elleflot, Tucker, Emerson, Nick, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Fanfani, Valentina, Fasano, Alessandro, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Giannakopoulos, Christos, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Goldfinger, David, Green, Daniel, Grimes, Paul, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Vic, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Guns, Sam, Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Hand, Emma, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Herbst, Ryan, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, J. Colin, Hills, Richard, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Anna, Holder, Gil, Hollister, Matt, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hotinli, Selim, Hryciuk, Alec, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, nez, Roberto Ibá, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jacobus, Cooper, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Joseph, John, Jost, Baptiste, Kang, Jae Hwan, Kaplan, Ari, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, King, Cesiley, Kisner, Theodore, Klein, Matthias, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Krolewski, Alex, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lau, Kenny, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Legrand, Louis, Leitner, Matthaeus, Leloup, Clément, Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Liodakis, Ioannis, Liu, Jia, Long, Kevin, Louis, Thibaut, Loverde, Marilena, Lowry, Lindsay, Lu, Chunyu, Lubin, Phil, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Maccarone, Thomas, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Maldonado, Felipe, Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, May, Jared, McCarrick, Heather, McCracken, Ken, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Miranda, Vivian, Mitchell, Don, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria Elena, Moshed, Magdy, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagarajappa, Chandan, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Nerval, Simran, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Hogan, Nichols, Erik, Nicola, Andrina, Niemack, Michael D., Nord, Brian, Norton, Tim, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Osherson, Benjamin, Osten, Rachel, Padin, Stephen, Paine, Scott, Partridge, Bruce, Patil, Sanjaykumar, Petravick, Don, Petroff, Matthew, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pilleux, Mauricio, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reese, Ben, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rizzieri, Arianna, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Rotermund, Kaja, Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Saba, Joe, Sailer, Noah, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Sapozhnikov, Leonid, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Saunders, Lauren, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Shiu, Corwin, Simon, Sara M., Singari, Baibhav, Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Steinbach, Bryan, Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Tandoi, Chris, Teply, Grant P., Thayer, Gregg, Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Carole, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, van Marrewijk, Joshiwa, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Wang, Guo-Jian, Watson, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Weaver, Chris, Wenzl, Lukas, Westbrook, Ben, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wiedlea, Andrew, Williams, Paul, Wilson, Robert, Winch, Harrison, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yu, Cyndia, Zegeye, David, Zivick, Jeff, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan., Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.01062, arXiv:1907.04473
Published: 2022

11. A Graph Convolutional Network with Signal Phasing Information for Arterial Traffic Prediction

Author: Chan, Victor, Gan, Qijian, Bayen, Alexandre, Chan, Victor, Gan, Qijian, and Bayen, Alexandre
Abstract: Accurate and reliable prediction of traffic measurements plays a crucial role in the development of modern intelligent transportation systems. Due to more complex road geometries and the presence of signal control, arterial traffic prediction is a level above freeway traffic prediction. Many existing studies on arterial traffic prediction only consider temporal measurements of flow and occupancy from loop sensors and neglect the rich spatial relationships between upstream and downstream detectors. As a result, they often suffer large prediction errors, especially for long horizons. We fill this gap by enhancing a deep learning approach, Diffusion Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network, with spatial information generated from signal timing plans at targeted intersections. Traffic at signalized intersections is modeled as a diffusion process with a transition matrix constructed from the phase splits of the signal phase timing plan. We apply this novel method to predict traffic flow from loop sensor measurements and signal timing plans at an arterial intersection in Arcadia, CA. We demonstrate that our proposed method yields superior forecasts; for a prediction horizon of 30 minutes, we cut the MAPE down to 16% for morning peaks, 10% for off peaks, and even 8% for afternoon peaks. In addition, we exemplify the robustness of our model through a number of experiments with various settings in detector coverage, detector type, and data quality., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible
Published: 2020

12. Overview of the medium and high frequency telescopes of the LiteBIRD space mission

Author: Lystrup, Makenzie, Montier, L, Mot, B, de Bernardis, P, Maffei, B, Pisano, G, Columbro, F, Gudmundsson, J, Henrot-Versillé, S, Lamagna, L, Montgomery, J, Prouvé, T, Russell, M, Savini, G, Stever, S, Thompson, K, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Westbrook, B, Ade, P, Adler, A, Allys, E, Arnold, K, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Austermann, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Basak, S, Beall, J, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Bermejo, J, Bersanelli, M, Bonis, J, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Bounissou, S, Brilenkov, M, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Campeti, P, Carones, A, Casas, F, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Cliche, J, Colombo, L, Cubas, J, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, D'Alessandro, G, Dachlythra, N, De Petris, M, Dickinson, C, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Duff, S, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galloway, M, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Genova-Santos, R, Gerbino, M, Gervasi, M, Ghigna, T, Gjerløw, E, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, de Haan, T, Halverson, N, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Herman, D, Herranz, D, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Hirota, Y, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoshino, Y, de la Hoz, E, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kato, A, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kreykenbohm, I, Kuo, C, Kushino, A, Lanen, J, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Leloup, C, Levrier, F, Linder, E, Louis, T, Luzzi, G, Maciaszek, T, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mandelli, S, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Matsumura, T, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minami, Y, Mitsuda, K, Morgante, G, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagano, Y, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, O'Sullivan, C, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Ohsaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Peloton, J, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Puglisi, G, Rambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Ritacco, A, Roudil, G, Rubino-Martin, J, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Sasaki, M, Scott, D, Seibert, J, Sekimoto, Y, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Stompor, R, Sugai, H, Sugiyama, S, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Svalheim, T, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takase, Y, Takeda, Y, Tartari, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Thommesen, H, Thorne, B, Toda, T, Tomasi, M, Tominaga, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Ullom, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Wilms, J, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamasaki, N, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, Montier, Ludovic, Mot, Baptiste, de Bernardis, Paolo, Maffei, Bruno, Pisano, Giampaolo, Columbro, Fabio, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Henrot-Versillé, Sophie, Lamagna, Luca, Montgomery, Joshua, Prouvé, Thomas, Russell, Megan, Savini, Giorgio, Stever, Samantha, Thompson, Keith L., Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tucker, Carole, Westbrook, Benjamin, Ade, Peter A., Adler, Alexandre, Allys, Erwan, Arnold, Kam, Auguste, Didier, Aumont, Jonathan, Aurlien, Ragnhild, Austermann, Jason, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Banday, Anthony J., Banerji, Ranajoy, Barreiro, Rita B., Basak, Soumen, Beall, Jim, Beck, Dominic, Beckman, Shawn, Bermejo, Juan, Bersanelli, Marco, Bonis, Julien, Borrill, Julian, Boulanger, Francois, Bounissou, Sophie, Brilenkov, Maksym, Brown, Michael, Bucher, Martin, Calabrese, Erminia, Campeti, Paolo, Carones, Alessandro, Casas, Francisco J., Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Cliche, Jean F., Colombo, Loris, Cubas, Javier, Cukierman, Ari, Curtis, David, D'Alessandro, Giuseppe, Dachlythra, Nadia, De Petris, Marco, Dickinson, Clive, Diego-Palazuelos, Patricia, Dobbs, Matt, Dotani, Tadayasu, Duband, Lionel, Duff, Shannon, Duval, Jean M., Ebisawa, Ken, Elleflot, Tucker, Eriksen, Hans K., Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Finelli, Fabio, Flauger, Raphael, Franceschet, Cristian, Fuskeland, Unni, Galloway, Mathew, Ganga, Ken, Gao, Jian R., Genova-Santos, Ricardo, Gerbino, Martina, Gervasi, Massimo, Ghigna, Tommaso, Gjerløw, Eirik, Gradziel, Marcin L., Grain, Julien, Grupp, Frank, Gruppuso, Alessandro, de Haan, Tijmen, Halverson, Nils W., Hargrave, Peter, Hasebe, Takashi, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hattori, Makoto, Hazumi, Masashi, Herman, Daniel, Herranz, Diego, Hill, Charles A., Hilton, Gene, Hirota, Yukimasa, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renee A., Hoshino, Yurika, de la Hoz, Elena, Hubmayr, Johannes, Ichiki, Kiyotomo, Iida, Teruhito, Imada, Hiroaki, Ishimura, Kosei, Ishino, Hirokazu, Jaehnig, Greg, Kaga, Tooru, Kashima, Shingo, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kato, Akihiro, Kawasaki, Takeo, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kobayashi, Yohei, Kogiso, Nozomu, Kogut, Alan, Kohri, Kazunori, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Komatsu, Kunimoto, Konishi, Kuniaki, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Kreykenbohm, Ingo, Kuo, Chao-Lin L., Kushino, Akihiro, Lanen, Jeff V., Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Adrian T., Leloup, Clément, Levrier, François, Linder, Eric, Louis, Thibaut, Luzzi, Gemma, Maciaszek, Thierry, Maino, Davide, Maki, Muneyoshi, Mandelli, Stefano, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matsumura, Tomotake, Mennella, Aniello, Migliaccio, Marina, Minami, Yuto, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Morgante, Gianluca, Murata, Yasuhiro, Murphy, John A., Nagai, Makoto, Nagano, Yuya, Nagasaki, Taketo, Nagata, Ryo, Nakamura, Shogo, Namikawa, Toshiya, Natoli, Paolo, Nerval, Simran, Nishibori, Toshiyuki, Nishino, Haruki, O'Sullivan, Créidhe, Ogawa, Hideo, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Oguri, Shugo, Ohsaki, Hiroyuki, Ohta, Izumi S., Okada, Norio, Okada, Nozomi, Pagano, Luca, Paiella, Alessandro, Paoletti, Daniela, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peloton, Julien, Piacentini, Francesco, Polenta, Gianluca, Poletti, Davide, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Rambaud, Damien, Raum, Christopher, Realini, Sabrina, Reinecke, Martin, Remazeilles, Mathieu, Ritacco, Alessia, Roudil, Gilles, Rubino-Martin, Jose A., Sakurai, Haruyuki, Sakurai, Yuki, Sandri, Maura, Sasaki, Manami, Scott, Douglas, Seibert, Joseph, Sekimoto, Yutaro, Sherwin, Blake, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Shiraishi, Maresuke, Shirron, Peter, Signorelli, Giovanni, Smecher, Graeme, Stompor, Radek, Sugai, Hajime, Sugiyama, Shinya, Suzuki, Aritoki, Suzuki, Junichi, Svalheim, Trygve L., Switzer, Eric, Takaku, Ryota, Takakura, Hayato, Takakura, Satoru, Takase, Yusuke, Takeda, Youichi, Tartari, Andrea, Taylor, Ellen, Terao, Yutaka, Thommesen, Harald, Thorne, Ben, Toda, Takayuki, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tominaga, Mayu, Trappe, Neil, Tristram, Matthieu, Tsuji, Masatoshi, Ullom, Joe, Vermeulen, Gerard, Vielva, Patricio, Villa, Fabrizio, Vissers, Michael, Vittorio, Nicola, Wehus, Ingunn, Weller, Jochen, Wilms, Joern, Winter, Berend, Wollack, Edward J., Yamasaki, Noriko Y., Yoshida, Tetsuya, Yumoto, Junji, Zannoni, Mario, Zonca, Andrea, Lystrup, Makenzie, Montier, L, Mot, B, de Bernardis, P, Maffei, B, Pisano, G, Columbro, F, Gudmundsson, J, Henrot-Versillé, S, Lamagna, L, Montgomery, J, Prouvé, T, Russell, M, Savini, G, Stever, S, Thompson, K, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Westbrook, B, Ade, P, Adler, A, Allys, E, Arnold, K, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Austermann, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Basak, S, Beall, J, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Bermejo, J, Bersanelli, M, Bonis, J, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Bounissou, S, Brilenkov, M, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Campeti, P, Carones, A, Casas, F, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Cliche, J, Colombo, L, Cubas, J, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, D'Alessandro, G, Dachlythra, N, De Petris, M, Dickinson, C, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Duff, S, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galloway, M, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Genova-Santos, R, Gerbino, M, Gervasi, M, Ghigna, T, Gjerløw, E, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, de Haan, T, Halverson, N, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Herman, D, Herranz, D, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Hirota, Y, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoshino, Y, de la Hoz, E, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kato, A, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kreykenbohm, I, Kuo, C, Kushino, A, Lanen, J, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Leloup, C, Levrier, F, Linder, E, Louis, T, Luzzi, G, Maciaszek, T, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mandelli, S, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Matsumura, T, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minami, Y, Mitsuda, K, Morgante, G, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagano, Y, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, O'Sullivan, C, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Ohsaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Peloton, J, Piacentini, F, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Puglisi, G, Rambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Ritacco, A, Roudil, G, Rubino-Martin, J, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Sasaki, M, Scott, D, Seibert, J, Sekimoto, Y, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Stompor, R, Sugai, H, Sugiyama, S, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Svalheim, T, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takase, Y, Takeda, Y, Tartari, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Thommesen, H, Thorne, B, Toda, T, Tomasi, M, Tominaga, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Ullom, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Wilms, J, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamasaki, N, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, Montier, Ludovic, Mot, Baptiste, de Bernardis, Paolo, Maffei, Bruno, Pisano, Giampaolo, Columbro, Fabio, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Henrot-Versillé, Sophie, Lamagna, Luca, Montgomery, Joshua, Prouvé, Thomas, Russell, Megan, Savini, Giorgio, Stever, Samantha, Thompson, Keith L., Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tucker, Carole, Westbrook, Benjamin, Ade, Peter A., Adler, Alexandre, Allys, Erwan, Arnold, Kam, Auguste, Didier, Aumont, Jonathan, Aurlien, Ragnhild, Austermann, Jason, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Banday, Anthony J., Banerji, Ranajoy, Barreiro, Rita B., Basak, Soumen, Beall, Jim, Beck, Dominic, Beckman, Shawn, Bermejo, Juan, Bersanelli, Marco, Bonis, Julien, Borrill, Julian, Boulanger, Francois, Bounissou, Sophie, Brilenkov, Maksym, Brown, Michael, Bucher, Martin, Calabrese, Erminia, Campeti, Paolo, Carones, Alessandro, Casas, Francisco J., Challinor, Anthony, Chan, Victor, Cheung, Kolen, Chinone, Yuji, Cliche, Jean F., Colombo, Loris, Cubas, Javier, Cukierman, Ari, Curtis, David, D'Alessandro, Giuseppe, Dachlythra, Nadia, De Petris, Marco, Dickinson, Clive, Diego-Palazuelos, Patricia, Dobbs, Matt, Dotani, Tadayasu, Duband, Lionel, Duff, Shannon, Duval, Jean M., Ebisawa, Ken, Elleflot, Tucker, Eriksen, Hans K., Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Finelli, Fabio, Flauger, Raphael, Franceschet, Cristian, Fuskeland, Unni, Galloway, Mathew, Ganga, Ken, Gao, Jian R., Genova-Santos, Ricardo, Gerbino, Martina, Gervasi, Massimo, Ghigna, Tommaso, Gjerløw, Eirik, Gradziel, Marcin L., Grain, Julien, Grupp, Frank, Gruppuso, Alessandro, de Haan, Tijmen, Halverson, Nils W., Hargrave, Peter, Hasebe, Takashi, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hattori, Makoto, Hazumi, Masashi, Herman, Daniel, Herranz, Diego, Hill, Charles A., Hilton, Gene, Hirota, Yukimasa, Hivon, Eric, Hlozek, Renee A., Hoshino, Yurika, de la Hoz, Elena, Hubmayr, Johannes, Ichiki, Kiyotomo, Iida, Teruhito, Imada, Hiroaki, Ishimura, Kosei, Ishino, Hirokazu, Jaehnig, Greg, Kaga, Tooru, Kashima, Shingo, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kato, Akihiro, Kawasaki, Takeo, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kobayashi, Yohei, Kogiso, Nozomu, Kogut, Alan, Kohri, Kazunori, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Komatsu, Kunimoto, Konishi, Kuniaki, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Kreykenbohm, Ingo, Kuo, Chao-Lin L., Kushino, Akihiro, Lanen, Jeff V., Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Adrian T., Leloup, Clément, Levrier, François, Linder, Eric, Louis, Thibaut, Luzzi, Gemma, Maciaszek, Thierry, Maino, Davide, Maki, Muneyoshi, Mandelli, Stefano, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matsumura, Tomotake, Mennella, Aniello, Migliaccio, Marina, Minami, Yuto, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Morgante, Gianluca, Murata, Yasuhiro, Murphy, John A., Nagai, Makoto, Nagano, Yuya, Nagasaki, Taketo, Nagata, Ryo, Nakamura, Shogo, Namikawa, Toshiya, Natoli, Paolo, Nerval, Simran, Nishibori, Toshiyuki, Nishino, Haruki, O'Sullivan, Créidhe, Ogawa, Hideo, Ogawa, Hiroyuki, Oguri, Shugo, Ohsaki, Hiroyuki, Ohta, Izumi S., Okada, Norio, Okada, Nozomi, Pagano, Luca, Paiella, Alessandro, Paoletti, Daniela, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peloton, Julien, Piacentini, Francesco, Polenta, Gianluca, Poletti, Davide, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Rambaud, Damien, Raum, Christopher, Realini, Sabrina, Reinecke, Martin, Remazeilles, Mathieu, Ritacco, Alessia, Roudil, Gilles, Rubino-Martin, Jose A., Sakurai, Haruyuki, Sakurai, Yuki, Sandri, Maura, Sasaki, Manami, Scott, Douglas, Seibert, Joseph, Sekimoto, Yutaro, Sherwin, Blake, Shinozaki, Keisuke, Shiraishi, Maresuke, Shirron, Peter, Signorelli, Giovanni, Smecher, Graeme, Stompor, Radek, Sugai, Hajime, Sugiyama, Shinya, Suzuki, Aritoki, Suzuki, Junichi, Svalheim, Trygve L., Switzer, Eric, Takaku, Ryota, Takakura, Hayato, Takakura, Satoru, Takase, Yusuke, Takeda, Youichi, Tartari, Andrea, Taylor, Ellen, Terao, Yutaka, Thommesen, Harald, Thorne, Ben, Toda, Takayuki, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tominaga, Mayu, Trappe, Neil, Tristram, Matthieu, Tsuji, Masatoshi, Ullom, Joe, Vermeulen, Gerard, Vielva, Patricio, Villa, Fabrizio, Vissers, Michael, Vittorio, Nicola, Wehus, Ingunn, Weller, Jochen, Wilms, Joern, Winter, Berend, Wollack, Edward J., Yamasaki, Noriko Y., Yoshida, Tetsuya, Yumoto, Junji, Zannoni, Mario, and Zonca, Andrea
Abstract: LiteBIRD is a JAXA-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the Universe, through the measurements of their imprint onto the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These measurements, requiring unprecedented sensitivity, will be performed over the full sky, at large angular scales, and over 15 frequency bands from 34 GHz to 448 GHz. The LiteBIRD instruments consist of three telescopes, namely the Low-, Medium-and High-Frequency Telescope (respectively LFT, MFT and HFT). We present in this paper an overview of the design of the Medium-Frequency Telescope (89{224 GHz) and the High-Frequency Telescope (166{448 GHz), the so-called MHFT, under European responsibility, which are two cryogenic refractive telescopes cooled down to 5 K. They include a continuous rotating half-wave plate as the first optical element, two high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lenses and more than three thousand transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors cooled to 100 mK. We provide an overview of the concept design and the remaining specific challenges that we have to face in order to achieve the scientific goals of LiteBIRD.
Published: 2020

13. P2Y13 receptors regulate microglial morphology, surveillance, and resting levels of interleukin 1β release

Author: Kyrargyri, Vasiliki, Madry, Christian, Rifat, Ali, Arancibia-Carcamo, Lorena I.L., Jones, Steffan S.P., Chan, Victor V.T.T., Xu, Yajing, Robaye, Bernard, Attwell, David, Kyrargyri, Vasiliki, Madry, Christian, Rifat, Ali, Arancibia-Carcamo, Lorena I.L., Jones, Steffan S.P., Chan, Victor V.T.T., Xu, Yajing, Robaye, Bernard, and Attwell, David
Abstract: Microglia sense their environment using an array of membrane receptors. While P2Y12 receptors are known to play a key role in targeting directed motility of microglial processes to sites of damage where ATP/ADP is released, little is known about the role of P2Y13, which transcriptome data suggest is the second most expressed neurotransmitter receptor in microglia. We show that, in patch-clamp recordings in acute brain slices from mice lacking P2Y13 receptors, the THIK-1 K+ current density evoked by ADP activating P2Y12 receptors was increased by ~50%. This increase suggested that the P2Y12-dependent chemotaxis response should be potentiated; however, the time needed for P2Y12-mediated convergence of microglial processes onto an ADP-filled pipette or to a laser ablation was longer in the P2Y13 KO. Anatomical analysis showed that the density of microglia was unchanged, but that they were less ramified with a shorter process length in the P2Y13 KO. Thus, chemotactic processes had to grow further and so arrived later at the target, and brain surveillance was reduced by ~30% in the knock-out. Blocking P2Y12 receptors in brain slices from P2Y13 KO mice did not affect surveillance, demonstrating that tonic activation of these high-affinity receptors is not needed for surveillance. Strikingly, baseline interleukin-1β release was increased fivefold while release evoked by LPS and ATP was not affected in the P2Y13 KO, and microglia in intact P2Y13 KO brains were not detectably activated. Thus, P2Y13 receptors play a role different from that of their close relative P2Y12 in regulating microglial morphology and function., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019

14. The Gaia DR2 parallax zero point: Hierarchical modeling of red clump stars

Author: Chan, Victor C., Bovy, Jo, Chan, Victor C., and Bovy, Jo
Abstract: The systematic offset of Gaia parallaxes has been widely reported with Gaia's second data release, and it is expected to persist in future Gaia data. In order to use Gaia parallaxes to infer distances to high precision, we develop a hierarchical probabilistic model to determine the Gaia parallax zero point offset along with the calibration of an empirical model for luminosity of red clump stars by combining astrometric and photometric measurements. Using a cross-matched sample of red clump stars from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) and Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2), we report the parallax zero point offset in DR2 to be $ \varpi_0 = -48 \pm 1~\mu\text{as} $. We infer the red clump absolute magnitude to be $ -1.622 \pm 0.004 $ in $ K_s $, $ 0.517 \pm 0.004 $ in $ G $, $ -1.019 \pm 0.004 $ in $ J $, and $ -1.516 \pm 0.004 $ in $ H $. The intrinsic scatter of the red clump is $ \sim 0.09 $ mag in $ J $, $ H $ and $ K_s $, or $ \sim 0.17 $ mag in $ G $. We tailor our models to accommodate more complex analyses such as investigating the variations of the parallax zero point with each source's observed magnitude, observed colour, and sky position. In particular, we find fluctuations of the zero point across the sky to be of order or less than a few 10s of $ \mu\text{as} $., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS on 29 September 2019; Revised 3 February 2020; Accepted 24 February 2020
Published: 2019
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15. The Gaia DR2 parallax zero point: Hierarchical modeling of red clump stars

Author: Chan, Victor C., Bovy, Jo, Chan, Victor C., and Bovy, Jo
Abstract: The systematic offset of Gaia parallaxes has been widely reported with Gaia's second data release, and it is expected to persist in future Gaia data. In order to use Gaia parallaxes to infer distances to high precision, we develop a hierarchical probabilistic model to determine the Gaia parallax zero point offset along with the calibration of an empirical model for luminosity of red clump stars by combining astrometric and photometric measurements. Using a cross-matched sample of red clump stars from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) and Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2), we report the parallax zero point offset in DR2 to be $ \varpi_0 = -48 \pm 1~\mu\text{as} $. We infer the red clump absolute magnitude to be $ -1.622 \pm 0.004 $ in $ K_s $, $ 0.517 \pm 0.004 $ in $ G $, $ -1.019 \pm 0.004 $ in $ J $, and $ -1.516 \pm 0.004 $ in $ H $. The intrinsic scatter of the red clump is $ \sim 0.09 $ mag in $ J $, $ H $ and $ K_s $, or $ \sim 0.17 $ mag in $ G $. We tailor our models to accommodate more complex analyses such as investigating the variations of the parallax zero point with each source's observed magnitude, observed colour, and sky position. In particular, we find fluctuations of the zero point across the sky to be of order or less than a few 10s of $ \mu\text{as} $., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS on 29 September 2019; Revised 3 February 2020; Accepted 24 February 2020
Published: 2019
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16. Pulsar emission amplified and resolved by plasma lensing in an eclipsing binary

Author: Main, Robert, Yang, I-Sheng, Chan, Victor, Li, Dongzi, Lin, Fang Xi, Mahajan, Nikhil, Pen, Ue-Li, Vanderlinde, Keith, van Kerkwijk, Marten H., Main, Robert, Yang, I-Sheng, Chan, Victor, Li, Dongzi, Lin, Fang Xi, Mahajan, Nikhil, Pen, Ue-Li, Vanderlinde, Keith, and van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
Abstract: Radio pulsars scintillate because their emission travels through the ionized interstellar medium via multiple paths, which interfere with each other. It has long been realized that the scattering screens responsible for the scintillation could be used as `interstellar lenses' to localize pulsar emission regions. Most scattering screens, however, only marginally resolve emission components, limiting results to statistical inferences and detections of small positional shifts. Since screens situated close to the source have better resolution, it should be easier to resolve emission regions of pulsars located in high density environments such as supernova remnants or binaries in which the pulsar's companion has an ionized outflow. Here, we report events of extreme plasma lensing in the `Black Widow' pulsar, PSR~B1957+20, near the phase in its 9.2 hour orbit in which its emission is eclipsed by its companion's outflow. During the lensing events, the flux is enhanced by factors of up to 70--80 at specific frequencies. The strongest events clearly resolve the emission regions: they affect the narrow main pulse and parts of the wider interpulse differently. We show that the events arise naturally from density fluctuations in the outer regions of the outflow, and infer a resolution of our lenses comparable to the pulsar's radius, about 10\,km. Furthermore, the distinct frequency structures imparted by the lensing are reminiscent of what is observed for the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102, providing observational support for the idea that this source is observed through, and thus at times strongly magnified by, plasma lenses., Comment: 11 Pages, 7 Figures, Author's version. Published online by Nature on 2018, May 23
Published: 2018
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17. Pulsar emission amplified and resolved by plasma lensing in an eclipsing binary

Author: Main, Robert, Yang, I-Sheng, Chan, Victor, Li, Dongzi, Lin, Fang Xi, Mahajan, Nikhil, Pen, Ue-Li, Vanderlinde, Keith, van Kerkwijk, Marten H., Main, Robert, Yang, I-Sheng, Chan, Victor, Li, Dongzi, Lin, Fang Xi, Mahajan, Nikhil, Pen, Ue-Li, Vanderlinde, Keith, and van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
Abstract: Radio pulsars scintillate because their emission travels through the ionized interstellar medium via multiple paths, which interfere with each other. It has long been realized that the scattering screens responsible for the scintillation could be used as `interstellar lenses' to localize pulsar emission regions. Most scattering screens, however, only marginally resolve emission components, limiting results to statistical inferences and detections of small positional shifts. Since screens situated close to the source have better resolution, it should be easier to resolve emission regions of pulsars located in high density environments such as supernova remnants or binaries in which the pulsar's companion has an ionized outflow. Here, we report events of extreme plasma lensing in the `Black Widow' pulsar, PSR~B1957+20, near the phase in its 9.2 hour orbit in which its emission is eclipsed by its companion's outflow. During the lensing events, the flux is enhanced by factors of up to 70--80 at specific frequencies. The strongest events clearly resolve the emission regions: they affect the narrow main pulse and parts of the wider interpulse differently. We show that the events arise naturally from density fluctuations in the outer regions of the outflow, and infer a resolution of our lenses comparable to the pulsar's radius, about 10\,km. Furthermore, the distinct frequency structures imparted by the lensing are reminiscent of what is observed for the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102, providing observational support for the idea that this source is observed through, and thus at times strongly magnified by, plasma lenses., Comment: 11 Pages, 7 Figures, Author's version. Published online by Nature on 2018, May 23
Published: 2018
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18. Development of Generic Competencies and its Association with Secondary Public Examination Performance: A Tertiary STEM Freshmen's Perspective

Author: Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, Ng, Kris, Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, and Ng, Kris
Abstract: The present paper examines the relationship between development of various kinds of generic competencies, and its association with secondary public examination performance, using a case study of tertiary STEM freshmen in Hong Kong. The result shows different trajectories of generic competencies development between STEM and non-STEM students prior to their entrance to tertiary education. The findings also show that Liberal Studies, as a key public examination subject, has positive association with the development of both creative thinking as well as critical thinking among STEM students. © 2016 IEEE.
Published: 2017

19. Development of Generic Competencies and its Association with Secondary Public Examination Performance: A Tertiary STEM Freshmen's Perspective

Author: Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, Ng, Kris, Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, and Ng, Kris
Abstract: The present paper examines the relationship between development of various kinds of generic competencies, and its association with secondary public examination performance, using a case study of tertiary STEM freshmen in Hong Kong. The result shows different trajectories of generic competencies development between STEM and non-STEM students prior to their entrance to tertiary education. The findings also show that Liberal Studies, as a key public examination subject, has positive association with the development of both creative thinking as well as critical thinking among STEM students. © 2016 IEEE.
Published: 2017

20. Development of Generic Competencies and its Association with Secondary Public Examination Performance: A Tertiary STEM Freshmen's Perspective

Author: Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, Ng, Kris, Ho, W. T., Chan, Victor C W, Lam, Derek S Y, So, Joseph C H, and Ng, Kris
Abstract: The present paper examines the relationship between development of various kinds of generic competencies, and its association with secondary public examination performance, using a case study of tertiary STEM freshmen in Hong Kong. The result shows different trajectories of generic competencies development between STEM and non-STEM students prior to their entrance to tertiary education. The findings also show that Liberal Studies, as a key public examination subject, has positive association with the development of both creative thinking as well as critical thinking among STEM students. © 2016 IEEE.
Published: 2017

21. Radiotherapy in Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Family doctors should know the indications of palliative radiotherapy in order to refer appropriately. They must answer questions about side effects and manage them when the patient is back in the community. In palliative care, radiotherapy can curtail growth or even shrink the tumour temporarily bringing about relief of pain and other symptoms. It is indicated for spinal cord compression, cerebral metastases, superior vena cava obstruction, bone metastases and pathological fracture; for control of haemorrhage, fungation and ulceration as well as relief of obstruction of ducts, hollow viscera, blood and lymphatic vessels. Management of the common acute side effects are discussed. The patients usually do not live long enough for late side effects to occur.
Published: 2002

22. Chemotherapy in Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: With advances in chemotherapy agents and bone marrow support, more cancer patients are indicated for curative or palliative chemotherapy. Family physicians should know about the indications and side effects, so that early referral for treatment can be made and side effects can be managed while the patient is in the community. The benefits of chemotherapy in palliative medicine and the management of common side effects are discussed.
Published: 2002

23. Radiotherapy in Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Family doctors should know the indications of palliative radiotherapy in order to refer appropriately. They must answer questions about side effects and manage them when the patient is back in the community. In palliative care, radiotherapy can curtail growth or even shrink the tumour temporarily bringing about relief of pain and other symptoms. It is indicated for spinal cord compression, cerebral metastases, superior vena cava obstruction, bone metastases and pathological fracture; for control of haemorrhage, fungation and ulceration as well as relief of obstruction of ducts, hollow viscera, blood and lymphatic vessels. Management of the common acute side effects are discussed. The patients usually do not live long enough for late side effects to occur.
Published: 2002

24. Hypercalcaemia in Cancer Patient

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Hypercalcaemia is common in advanced cancer patients. It can also occur in breast cancer patients undergoing hormonal therapy and in the pre-terminal multiple myeloma patients. Because its symptoms are non-specific, it is often unrecognised. Successful treatment can result in improvement in quality of life. Family physicians should be aware of the clinical features so that they can provide timely management or referral. Its causes, pathophysiology, clinical features and management options are discussed.
Published: 2001

25. Principle of Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Because of limited life expectancy and extent of multiple symptoms, the approach in palliative medicine is different from family medicine although there are many similarities between the two. The main goal of management is improving the quality of the patient's life through symptom control and dealing with psychosocial, spiritual and cultural factors. An interdisiplinary domiciliary service enables the patient to stay and die at home. Discussed in the paper are the general approach, communication problems, drug management and decision making process when palliative medicine is provided by family physicians.
Published: 2001

26. Dyspnoea in Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Dyspnoea, common in advanced cancer patients, has many causes. Specific treatment of the cause is more effective than non-specific treatment alone. Detailed assessment for the cause is therefore mandatory. Morphine is the drug of choice for symptomatic relief of dyspnoea. Other respiratory sedatives, such as promethazine and chlorpromazine are helpful. Anxiolytics are given to anxious patients. Oxygen is helpful in certain conditions only. Non-drug management is equally important. Refractory dyspnoea in terminal stage can be managed by heavy sedation.
Published: 2001

27. Principle of Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Because of limited life expectancy and extent of multiple symptoms, the approach in palliative medicine is different from family medicine although there are many similarities between the two. The main goal of management is improving the quality of the patient's life through symptom control and dealing with psychosocial, spiritual and cultural factors. An interdisiplinary domiciliary service enables the patient to stay and die at home. Discussed in the paper are the general approach, communication problems, drug management and decision making process when palliative medicine is provided by family physicians.
Published: 2001

28. Dyspnoea in Palliative Medicine

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Dyspnoea, common in advanced cancer patients, has many causes. Specific treatment of the cause is more effective than non-specific treatment alone. Detailed assessment for the cause is therefore mandatory. Morphine is the drug of choice for symptomatic relief of dyspnoea. Other respiratory sedatives, such as promethazine and chlorpromazine are helpful. Anxiolytics are given to anxious patients. Oxygen is helpful in certain conditions only. Non-drug management is equally important. Refractory dyspnoea in terminal stage can be managed by heavy sedation.
Published: 2001

29. Hypercalcaemia in Cancer Patient

Author: Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, Chan, Victor, and Chan, Victor
Abstract: Hypercalcaemia is common in advanced cancer patients. It can also occur in breast cancer patients undergoing hormonal therapy and in the pre-terminal multiple myeloma patients. Because its symptoms are non-specific, it is often unrecognised. Successful treatment can result in improvement in quality of life. Family physicians should be aware of the clinical features so that they can provide timely management or referral. Its causes, pathophysiology, clinical features and management options are discussed.
Published: 2001

30. Mechanisms of Organophosphorus (OP) Injury: Sarin-Induced Hippocampal Gene Expression Changes and Pathway Perturbation

Author: HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor T, Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A, Watts, Brandy S, Walters, Amy D, Hill, Tiffany M, HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor T, Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A, Watts, Brandy S, Walters, Amy D, and Hill, Tiffany M
Abstract: This project aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism(s) of organ injury following exposure to sublethal doses of the organophosphorus agent, sarin. The lethal toxic effect of sarin exposure is caused by irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and subsequently excessive stimulation of postsynaptic cholinergic receptors. However, much less is known about the effects of low-dose sarin exposure on functions of critical brain regions. Neurotoxicity caused by sarin exposure can be mediated by pathways independent of the cholinergic system. Since the hippocampus plays an important role in cognitive functions (including learning and memory), and is one of the most sensitive brain regions to sarin-induced injury, the focus of this study is to investigate differential gene expression and pathway perturbation in this brain region, using microarray technology combined with advanced bioinformatics. Sarin treatment resulted in differential expression of a large number of genes. Most of these genes showed increased expression, especially at the 6-hour and 25-day time points. However, significant gene repression was observed at the 10-day time point. Pathway analysis revealed that one of the direct effects of sarin cellular toxicity could be related to DNA damage and inhibition of the glutathione antioxidant system, which triggered the up-regulation of the apoptotic pathways at early time points., Prepared in collaboration with the Molecular Bioeffects Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB OH. This project was funded by Defense Threats Reduction Agency (DTRA). Employees of Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) were working under the Cooperative Agreement FA8650-05-2-6518 between RHDJ and HJF. Animal exposure was conducted at Wright State University (WSU) under the HJF Cooperative Agreement FA8650-05-2-6518, Subaward # 667357.
Published: 2012

31. Genome-Wide Association Mapping for Intelligence in Military Working Dogs: Canine Cohort, Canine Intelligence Assessment Regimen, Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Typing, and Unsupervised Classification Algorithm for Genome-Wide Association Data Analysis

Author: AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH) BIOSCIENCES AND PERFORMANCE DIV/APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY BRANCH, Chan, Victor T, Mauzy, Camilla A, Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A, Walters, Amy D, Frey, Jeanette S, Hill, Tiffany M, Overall, Karen L, Juarbe-Diaz, Soraya, Dyer, Donna, AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH) BIOSCIENCES AND PERFORMANCE DIV/APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY BRANCH, Chan, Victor T, Mauzy, Camilla A, Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A, Walters, Amy D, Frey, Jeanette S, Hill, Tiffany M, Overall, Karen L, Juarbe-Diaz, Soraya, and Dyer, Donna
Abstract: This seedling project aimed to genetically map intelligence in the military working dog (MWD) population. A total of 199 canine subjects were recruited from United States working dog contractors. Of the recruited subjects, 153 were tested using the Canine Intelligence Testing Protocol (CITP), developed by Dr. Karen Overall (UPENN) to specifically analyze canine intelligence. CITP allows quantitative assessment of intelligence in individual dogs using a scoring system based on the latency to response, success-in-effort time, attentiveness, interest in novelty exploration, response to signaling and showing, observational learning, problem solving/boldness, and handedness. Blood samples were collected from the canines, and genomic DNA prepared. A total of 117 dogs, belonging to three breeds (German Shepherds, Belgian Malinois, Labrador Retrievers) were down-selected and successfully genotyped for whole genome (WG) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers by means of the Affymetrix Canine SNP Array v2. A proof-of-concept advanced data mining algorithm for unsupervised analysis of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset was successfully developed. Using this algorithm, canine subjects were successfully clustered into the correct breeds with an accuracy ranging from 89% - 100%, solely based on the WG SNP profiles. The details of the algorithm are described in the Technical Report AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2011-0081, entitled Development of Advanced Classification Algorithm for Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Data Analysis. While not initially part of the seedling proposal, this project did receive IACUC permission to test DoD MWDs for follow-on studies, a unique and significant accomplishment., Sponsored in part by DARPA. The original document contains color images.
Published: 2011

32. Genome-Wide Association Mapping for Intelligence in Military Working Dogs: Development of Advanced Classification Algorithm for Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Data Analysis

Author: HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor T., Mauzy, Camila A., Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A., Walters, Amy D., Frey, Jeanette S., Hill, Tiffany M., Overall, Karen L., Wolfe, Richard M., Welch, Lonnie R., HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor T., Mauzy, Camila A., Soto, Armando, Wagner, Jessica A., Walters, Amy D., Frey, Jeanette S., Hill, Tiffany M., Overall, Karen L., Wolfe, Richard M., and Welch, Lonnie R.
Abstract: This project collected data to genetically map superior intelligence in the military working dog. A behavioral testing regimen was developed by canine cognitive expert Dr Karen Overall (UPENN) which enabled quantitative intelligence testing of individual dogs and blood samples were taken, and genome-wide SNP typing completed by means of the Affymetrix Canine SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) Array v2. In order to identify SNP markers for mapping of small-effect-sized genes that contribute to highly complex polygenic traits, it is necessary to develop a more robust computational method for the analysis of SNP profile data. To accomplish this, we are undertaking two parallel efforts, Biologically Guided Feature Selection and Computational Based Feature Synthesis and Classification. As a proof-of-concept, we conducted a classification analysis focused on a subset of tested canines consisting of German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, and Belgian Malinois. Using this new classification technique, samples from the three breeds clustered into the correct breed with an accuracy ranging from 89 - 100 %. Classification accuracy was not significantly affected by data process methods (including data cleanup methods) or SNP annotation quality, thus suggesting that this algorithm is highly robust. With further refinement and optimization, this technique could be used to classify complex phenotypes in an unsupervised manner and allow identification of associated SNP markers., Prepared in cooperation with Penn Med Translation Research Lab., Philadelphia, PA, Ohio Univ., School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Published: 2011

33. Neuroergonomics Deep Dive Literature Review, Volume 2: Neuroergonomics and Performance: Prediction, Assessment, and Facilitation

Author: AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH), Chan, Victor, Christensen, James, DelRaso, Nicholas, Funke, Gregory, Knott, Benjamin, Panganiban, April R., Stanley, Clayton, Thomas, Krystal, AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH), Chan, Victor, Christensen, James, DelRaso, Nicholas, Funke, Gregory, Knott, Benjamin, Panganiban, April R., Stanley, Clayton, and Thomas, Krystal
Abstract: This report is the second of two volumes summarizing published papers that were reviewed broadly within the area of neuroergonomics, with a specific focus on Air Force interests. The included references are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to include review articles and representative empirical papers by the key researchers in each topic, thus providing a solid basis for understanding the state of this research.
Published: 2010

34. Biomarkers of Exposure to Toxic Substances. Volume 2: Genomics: Unique Patterns of Differential Gene Expression and Pathway Perturbation Resulting from Exposure to Nephrotoxins with Regional Specific Toxicity

Author: HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor, Soto, Armando, Yu, Kyung, Stapleton, Andrea, Davidson, Molly, HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, Chan, Victor, Soto, Armando, Yu, Kyung, Stapleton, Andrea, and Davidson, Molly
Abstract: Toxicity commonly occurs after exposure to a variety of chemicals agents. Changes in gene expression are among the most sensitive indicators of chemical exposure. Toxicogenomics, which is based on DNA microarray technology, is the study of the cellular response to chemical insults at the transcriptomic level by simultaneous measurement of the expression levels of virtually all expressed genes. Therefore, this technology is a useful technique for studying the molecular mechanism of chemical-induced toxicity. In this study, DNA microarray technology was used in combination with advanced bioinformatic techniques to evalauate its utility in assessing gene expression changes and subsequently the mechanism of renal injury following exposure to nephrotoxins selected for their regional specific toxicity. Four chemicals, hippuric acid, D-serine, puromycin and amphotericin B, which induce glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage, necrosis of the pars recta region of the proximal tubules, glomerular injury, and distal tubular damage, respectively, were used in this study. The effects of exposure to these chemicals on renal differential gene expression and the biological implication of these gene expression changes were investigated., The original document contains color images.
Published: 2009

35. Biotechnology for Near Real-Time Predictive Toxicology for Warfighter Protection

Author: MANTECH ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY INC DAYTON OH, DelRaso, Nicholas, Stotts, Richard R., Schlager, John J., Westrick, Mark P., Chan, Victor, Reo, Nicholas V., MANTECH ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY INC DAYTON OH, DelRaso, Nicholas, Stotts, Richard R., Schlager, John J., Westrick, Mark P., Chan, Victor, and Reo, Nicholas V.
Abstract: An increasingly important issue in force protection is the toxicology associated with toxic chemical and mixture exposure at uncharacterized deployed sites. Current methods for determining or monitoring toxic exposures to the warfighter in their working or living environment are not adequate to prevent serious health effects. Deployed personnel may be exposed to toxic chemicals as a result of industrial accidents, intentional or unintentional activities of enemy or friendly forces or sabotage. Rapid risk assessment of these scenarios requires the development of new testing methods. In order to prevent serious injury to the deployed warfighter exposed to toxic substances and to minimize mission degradation due to environmentally related adverse health effects, novel human monitoring methodologies that provide near real-time detection of potential toxic injury must be developed. It is necessary to devise methodologies that will predict or identify exposure of personnel to low concentrations of harmful substances before they cause harm to an individual. It is also important to identify methodologies that are relatively non-invasive, which could include collection of urine, blood, saliva or epithelial cells from humans. Emerging biotechnologies, such as toxicogenomics, proteomics and metabonomics will be investigated for their effectiveness to identify toxic effects upon the warfighter before they can induce a reduction in health and/or operational performance or before they can induce a disease process that would not manifest for several years., Prepared in cooperation with Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH.
Published: 2006

36. Identification of Gene Expression Changes in Whole Blood Indicative of Exposure to Chemicals with Different Target Organ Toxicity

Author: ALION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORP DAYTON OH, Chan, Victor, Stapleton, Andrea, Soto, Armando, Yu, Kyung, DelRaso, Nicholas, ALION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORP DAYTON OH, Chan, Victor, Stapleton, Andrea, Soto, Armando, Yu, Kyung, and DelRaso, Nicholas
Abstract: Toxicogenomic profiling is a molecular approach to capture the global, transcriptomic response of a biological system caused by perturbations resulted from chemical exposure. Coupled with advanced bioinformatic techniques, it allows for the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of chemical toxicity, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers predictive for chemical exposure. In an effort to investigate if gene expression changes in whole blood can serve as novel biomarkers indicative of organ-specific malfunction resulted from chemical exposure, we have initiated a transcriptomic profiling study using chemicals with different target organ toxicity in a rat model. The first three compounds chosen were alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 0.1 - 100 mg/kg), chlorpyrifos (CPF, 0.5 - 50 mg/kg) and 2-bromoethylamine (BEA, 1.0 - 250 mg/kg), which are model hepatotoxin, neurotoxin and nephrotoxin, respectively. Gene expression profiles of blood samples isolated from control and chemical-treated rats were determined using DNA microarrays (Affymetrix GeneChip, RAE23OA). The expression levels of 584, 303 and 441 genes were significantly altered after chemical treatments as determined by t-test, ANOVA and SAM (significance analysis of microarray), respectively. Close examination of these gene lists revealed that there are a total of 1075 unique genes that collectively comprised these lists. Of these unique genes, 213 were identified by two methods, while 40 genes were common in all three methods. Using a dataset of the expression profiles of these 40 genes as input data in hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis demonstrated that these are useful discriminators for separating animal groups treated with different chemicals. This result strongly supports the premise that whole blood is a suitable surrogate tissue for monitoring gene expression changes for detection of organ-specific toxicity.
Published: 2006

37. Charge sensing and transport in silicon nanostructures

Author: Chan, Victor Chi-Wai, Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW and Chan, Victor Chi-Wai, Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW
Published: 2006

38. Integrated Liquid Crystal Optical Switch Based on Total Internal Reflection

Author: Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, Chan, Hauping, Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, and Chan, Hauping
Abstract: An optical switch structure which combines a planar lightwave circuit and liquid crystal is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The switching is realized by inducing total internal reflection through controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal. The principle and the design of the integrated optical switch are described. Experimental results suggest that anchoring of the liquid crystal molecules on nonplanar structures is very crucial in affecting the switching performance. &COPY; 2005 American Institute of Physics.
Published: 2005

39. Integrated Liquid Crystal Optical Switch Based on Total Internal Reflection

Author: Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, Chan, Hauping, Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, and Chan, Hauping
Abstract: An optical switch structure which combines a planar lightwave circuit and liquid crystal is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The switching is realized by inducing total internal reflection through controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal. The principle and the design of the integrated optical switch are described. Experimental results suggest that anchoring of the liquid crystal molecules on nonplanar structures is very crucial in affecting the switching performance. &COPY; 2005 American Institute of Physics.
Published: 2005

40. Integrated Liquid Crystal Optical Switch Based on Total Internal Reflection

Author: Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, Chan, Hauping, Zhang, Ailing, Chan, Kamtai, Demokan, Muhtesem Suleyman, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Kwok, Hoi Sing, and Chan, Hauping
Abstract: An optical switch structure which combines a planar lightwave circuit and liquid crystal is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The switching is realized by inducing total internal reflection through controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal. The principle and the design of the integrated optical switch are described. Experimental results suggest that anchoring of the liquid crystal molecules on nonplanar structures is very crucial in affecting the switching performance. &COPY; 2005 American Institute of Physics.
Published: 2005

41. Three dimensional integrated circuits

Author: Chan, Mansun, Chan, Philip Ching-Ho, Chan, Victor Wing Chung, Chan, Mansun, Chan, Philip Ching-Ho, and Chan, Victor Wing Chung
Abstract: The invention is a simple method to fabricate multiple layers of transistors with one on top of each other in a 3D structure. Compare with some of the current practice, the new method is simple, flexible, controllable and capable to form much better performance transistors. The use of Metal-Induced Lateral Crystallization with special pattern of Metal placement results in much better control of the grain location, thus the transistors can be precisely placed on a single grain. In such, transistors with single crystal performance can be formed on polysilicon film with precise control. It solves the problem of poor performance of transistors formed on polysilicon film. Fabrication of transistors in 3D can lead to significant area saving and higher speed of operation, especially when compared with 2D technology. Unlike existing method to form 3D circuits, the new method provides flexibility to form not only 2 layers but also multiple layers. Also, the new invention does not require the use of special processing technology and is compatible with the current 2D technology. The invention can potentially provide a technological breakthrough in the mainstream IC technology to form the next generation high density, high performance 3D integration circuits. Also, it allows high performance transistors to be fabricated on top of any micro structure (such as MEMS).
Published: 2004

42. Three dimensional integrated circuits

Author: Chan, Mansun, Chan, Philip Ching-Ho, Chan, Victor Wing Chung, Chan, Mansun, Chan, Philip Ching-Ho, and Chan, Victor Wing Chung
Abstract: The invention is a simple method to fabricate multiple layers of transistors with one on top of each other in a 3D structure. Compare with some of the current practice, the new method is simple, flexible, controllable and capable to form much better performance transistors. The use of Metal-Induced Lateral Crystallization with special pattern of Metal placement results in much better control of the grain location, thus the transistors can be precisely placed on a single grain. In such, transistors with single crystal performance can be formed on polysilicon film with precise control. It solves the problem of poor performance of transistors formed on polysilicon film. Fabrication of transistors in 3D can lead to significant area saving and higher speed of operation, especially when compared with 2D technology. Unlike existing method to form 3D circuits, the new method provides flexibility to form not only 2 layers but also multiple layers. Also, the new invention does not require the use of special processing technology and is compatible with the current 2D technology. The invention can potentially provide a technological breakthrough in the mainstream IC technology to form the next generation high density, high performance 3D integration circuits. Also, it allows high performance transistors to be fabricated on top of any micro structure (such as MEMS).
Published: 2004

43. Fabrication of three dimensional integrated circuit using recrystallized large grain polysilicon film

Author: Chan, Victor Wing Chung and Chan, Victor Wing Chung
Abstract: A high performance three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit has been successfully fabricated. The bottom layer transistors are fabricated on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) and top layer transistors are fabricated on Large-Grain Polysilicon-On-Insulator (LPSOI) film, with oxide as the interlayer dielectric. The LPSOI film is formed by the re-crystallization of an amorphous silicon through nickel-seed Metal Induced Lateral Crystallization (MILC) at an elevated temperature. To fabricate a high performance circuit, electron beam (e-beam) direct write technique is employed to define the channel area and gate electrode in sub-micron scales. Two new ideas are developed to improve the process. 1) The e-beam and optical resist mix-and-match technique demonstrates the improvement of process throughout. 2) A high-resolution positive e-beam resist enhances a negative resist resolution, so fine and dense bright-field pattern can be defined. To demonstrate the feasibility of the MILC technology, single-gate thin film transistors have been fabricated. The understanding of the process and design limitation is critical and useful in novel layout and process design. The first novel structure fabricated by the MILC technique is the gate-all-around transistor. It exhibits better electrical performance than the single gate transistors and effectively suppresses short channel effect. A high performance and low power 3-D structure has been fabricated. The top layer LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics to the bottom layer SOI devices. Compared with the conventional 2-D CMOS SOI circuits, 3-D circuits such as, ring-oscillators, shift registers and SRAM cells, show significant reduction in circuit area, shorter propagation delay and lower dynamic power consumption. The grain boundary distribution and surface roughness were observed using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM). A physical mobility model is developed to predict the polysil
Published: 2001

44. Multiple layers of CMOS integrated circuits using recrystallized silicon film

Author: Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Chan, Man Sun, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, and Chan, Man Sun
Abstract: This letter presents a method to fabricate high performance three-dimensional (3-D) integrated circuits based on the conventional CMOS SOI technology, The first layer of transistors is fabricated on SOI and the second layer is fabricated on large-grain polysilicon-on-insulator (LPSOI), using oxide as the intel layer dielectric. The LPSOI film is formed by the recrystallization of amorphous silicon through metal induced lateral crystallization (MILC), The grain size obtained by the LPSOI process is much larger than the transistors and the transistor performance is similar to those fabricated on the SOI layer The three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS inverters have been demonstrated with p-channel devices stacking over the n-channel ones.
Published: 2001

45. Three-dimensional CMOS SOI integrated circuit using high-temperature metal-induced lateral crystallization

Author: Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Chan, Man Sun, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, and Chan, Man Sun
Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit was fabricated based on the conventional CMOS SOI technology The first layer of transistors was formed on the SOI. The second layer of transistors was built on large-grain polysilicon-on-insulator (LPSOI), The recrystallized film was formed by the recrystallization of amorphous silicon using metal-induced lateral crystallization (MILC). The devices from the lower and upper layers were characterized and the result indicated that the SOI and LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics. The 3-D circuit design and layout considerations will be introduced. The 3-D CMOS inverters were demonstrated with p-channel devices stacking over the n-channel ones. The ring-oscillator showed that the 3-D circuit has 30\% reduction in the layout area and it operated at power supply as low as 0.5 V, The lower propagation delay and load capacitance suggest that 3-D circuit has higher performance than the conventional two-dimensional (2-D) circuit.
Published: 2001

46. Multiple layers of CMOS integrated circuits using recrystallized silicon film

Author: Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Chan, Man Sun, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, and Chan, Man Sun
Abstract: This letter presents a method to fabricate high performance three-dimensional (3-D) integrated circuits based on the conventional CMOS SOI technology, The first layer of transistors is fabricated on SOI and the second layer is fabricated on large-grain polysilicon-on-insulator (LPSOI), using oxide as the intel layer dielectric. The LPSOI film is formed by the recrystallization of amorphous silicon through metal induced lateral crystallization (MILC), The grain size obtained by the LPSOI process is much larger than the transistors and the transistor performance is similar to those fabricated on the SOI layer The three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS inverters have been demonstrated with p-channel devices stacking over the n-channel ones.
Published: 2001

47. Three-dimensional CMOS SOI integrated circuit using high-temperature metal-induced lateral crystallization

Author: Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Chan, Man Sun, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, and Chan, Man Sun
Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit was fabricated based on the conventional CMOS SOI technology The first layer of transistors was formed on the SOI. The second layer of transistors was built on large-grain polysilicon-on-insulator (LPSOI), The recrystallized film was formed by the recrystallization of amorphous silicon using metal-induced lateral crystallization (MILC). The devices from the lower and upper layers were characterized and the result indicated that the SOI and LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics. The 3-D circuit design and layout considerations will be introduced. The 3-D CMOS inverters were demonstrated with p-channel devices stacking over the n-channel ones. The ring-oscillator showed that the 3-D circuit has 30\% reduction in the layout area and it operated at power supply as low as 0.5 V, The lower propagation delay and load capacitance suggest that 3-D circuit has higher performance than the conventional two-dimensional (2-D) circuit.
Published: 2001

48. Fabrication of three dimensional integrated circuit using recrystallized large grain polysilicon film

Author: Chan, Victor Wing Chung and Chan, Victor Wing Chung
Abstract: A high performance three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit has been successfully fabricated. The bottom layer transistors are fabricated on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) and top layer transistors are fabricated on Large-Grain Polysilicon-On-Insulator (LPSOI) film, with oxide as the interlayer dielectric. The LPSOI film is formed by the re-crystallization of an amorphous silicon through nickel-seed Metal Induced Lateral Crystallization (MILC) at an elevated temperature. To fabricate a high performance circuit, electron beam (e-beam) direct write technique is employed to define the channel area and gate electrode in sub-micron scales. Two new ideas are developed to improve the process. 1) The e-beam and optical resist mix-and-match technique demonstrates the improvement of process throughout. 2) A high-resolution positive e-beam resist enhances a negative resist resolution, so fine and dense bright-field pattern can be defined. To demonstrate the feasibility of the MILC technology, single-gate thin film transistors have been fabricated. The understanding of the process and design limitation is critical and useful in novel layout and process design. The first novel structure fabricated by the MILC technique is the gate-all-around transistor. It exhibits better electrical performance than the single gate transistors and effectively suppresses short channel effect. A high performance and low power 3-D structure has been fabricated. The top layer LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics to the bottom layer SOI devices. Compared with the conventional 2-D CMOS SOI circuits, 3-D circuits such as, ring-oscillators, shift registers and SRAM cells, show significant reduction in circuit area, shorter propagation delay and lower dynamic power consumption. The grain boundary distribution and surface roughness were observed using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM). A physical mobility model is developed to predict the polysil
Published: 2001

49. Three-dimensional CMOS SOI integrated circuit using high-temperature metal-induced lateral crystallization

Author: Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, Chan, Man Sun, Chan, Victor W.C., Chan, Philip Ching Ho, and Chan, Man Sun
Abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit was fabricated based on the conventional CMOS SOI technology The first layer of transistors was formed on the SOI. The second layer of transistors was built on large-grain polysilicon-on-insulator (LPSOI), The recrystallized film was formed by the recrystallization of amorphous silicon using metal-induced lateral crystallization (MILC). The devices from the lower and upper layers were characterized and the result indicated that the SOI and LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics. The 3-D circuit design and layout considerations will be introduced. The 3-D CMOS inverters were demonstrated with p-channel devices stacking over the n-channel ones. The ring-oscillator showed that the 3-D circuit has 30\% reduction in the layout area and it operated at power supply as low as 0.5 V, The lower propagation delay and load capacitance suggest that 3-D circuit has higher performance than the conventional two-dimensional (2-D) circuit.
Published: 2001

50. Fabrication of three dimensional integrated circuit using recrystallized large grain polysilicon film

Author: Chan, Victor Wing Chung and Chan, Victor Wing Chung
Abstract: A high performance three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integrated circuit has been successfully fabricated. The bottom layer transistors are fabricated on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) and top layer transistors are fabricated on Large-Grain Polysilicon-On-Insulator (LPSOI) film, with oxide as the interlayer dielectric. The LPSOI film is formed by the re-crystallization of an amorphous silicon through nickel-seed Metal Induced Lateral Crystallization (MILC) at an elevated temperature. To fabricate a high performance circuit, electron beam (e-beam) direct write technique is employed to define the channel area and gate electrode in sub-micron scales. Two new ideas are developed to improve the process. 1) The e-beam and optical resist mix-and-match technique demonstrates the improvement of process throughout. 2) A high-resolution positive e-beam resist enhances a negative resist resolution, so fine and dense bright-field pattern can be defined. To demonstrate the feasibility of the MILC technology, single-gate thin film transistors have been fabricated. The understanding of the process and design limitation is critical and useful in novel layout and process design. The first novel structure fabricated by the MILC technique is the gate-all-around transistor. It exhibits better electrical performance than the single gate transistors and effectively suppresses short channel effect. A high performance and low power 3-D structure has been fabricated. The top layer LPSOI devices have similar electrical characteristics to the bottom layer SOI devices. Compared with the conventional 2-D CMOS SOI circuits, 3-D circuits such as, ring-oscillators, shift registers and SRAM cells, show significant reduction in circuit area, shorter propagation delay and lower dynamic power consumption. The grain boundary distribution and surface roughness were observed using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM). A physical mobility model is developed to predict the polysil
Published: 2001

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