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Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Anhörigomsorg är i Sverige vanlig och möjligen ökande. Med tre undersökningar över tio år med befolkningsdata om omsorgsgivande beskriver vi detta och hur olika omsorgskällor överlappar för mottagaren. Huvudintrycket är att de ofta får flera olika slag av omsorg – huvudsakligen från släkt och offentlig omsorg – sett från givarens horisont. Undantaget är de som vårdar partner eller annan i det egna hushållet, den enda grupp som ofta står ensam och som ger omfattande omsorg. De utgör dock en liten grupp av alla omsorgsgivare. Vi kritiserar förenklande demografiska resonemang om minskande potential för anhörigomsorg., Family care in Sweden is extensive and possibly expanding. We use representative surveys with caregivers to describe panoramas of care for different recipients. Various types of care often overlap: Other family are the most frequent auxiliary carers, but there is also rather big overlap with public services, and especially for help to someone with extensive needs in another household. Partner carers and others who care for someone in their own household – often for many hours – stand out as a rather isolated but comparatively small group. The article also criticises oversimplified use of demography which suggests a weakened potential for family care.

Nel presente lavoro si propone un’analisi - a partire da dati di ricerca - di differenti profili di activity di cui i giovani anziani sono protagonisti. In particolare, ci si è focalizzati su tre modalità di scambievolezza, secondo una prospettiva intergenerazionale, sia all’interno delle reti familiari, sia nei confronti di estranei: - L’accudimento e cura dei nipoti; - La funzione di caregiver nei confronti di grandi anziani (over 75 anni); - La partecipazione attiva ad azioni di volontariato in ambito associativo. I profili sono considerati alla luce della letteratura internazionale e delle evidenze empiriche che emergono dalla recente ricerca sociologica “Non mi ritiro: l’allungamento della vita, una sfida per le generazioni, un’opportunità per la società (2013-2014)”, condotta in Italia.

La famiglia italiana è stata travolta da numerosi e profondi cambiamenti che ne mettono in luce contestualmente la resilienza, la capacità, cioè, pur modificandosi, di fare fronte a compiti e sfide che le sono proprie. Le generazioni continuano a prendersi cura le une delle altre, come i dati sugli scambi nella rete primaria ed informale mostrano, a livello italiano ed europeo. Il tema della cura rappresenta il codice simbolico che guida la relazione familiare: esso può esprimersi, senza esaurirsi, nel comportamento di aiuto, ma non si attiva solo in caso di pericolo. Prendersi cura di qualcuno significa innanzitutto garantire la possibilità del legame attraverso la presa in carico dei bisogni dell’altro, significa, cioè, realizzare una relazione sociale donativa. Come mostrano le ricerche nei sistemi di welfare avanzati, gli scambi interni ed esterni alla famiglia aumentano quanto più esiste una relazione sinergica tra i diversi attori sociali. L’ambiente domestico ha sempre svolto un ruolo fondamentale nella cura. In Occidente, il concetto di «domicilio» si è sviluppato sulla base del riconoscimento della casa come «luogo sociale». La casa è un luogo primigenio, una sorta di magna mater, in cui si sono ricevuti i primi alimenti, anche psicologici, la prima educazione e i primi strumenti per affrontare le difficoltà dell’esistenza. La casa è per antonomasia il luogo della sicurezza fisica e sociale. A partire dagli anni ’80 del secolo scorso, anche in seguito all’incremento della popolazione anziana e alla diffusione di malattie croniche, si è assistito a un recupero del valore e della cultura della domiciliarità attraverso l’attuazione di programmi di domiciliarizzazione delle cure. La possibilità di permanere all’interno di un contesto significativo per l’esistenza promuove la diffusione di benessere, inteso non solo come salute fisica, ma come un complesso sistemico di elementi che riguardano la persona e le relazioni con il suo ambiente. In questo

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge teams and patients with less severe strokes. The aim is to investigate if very early supported discharge (VESD) for stroke patients in need for on-going individualised rehabilitation at home is useful for the patient and cost effective. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing VESD with ordinary discharge. Inclusion criteria: confirmed stroke, >18 years of age, living within 30 min from the stroke unit, on day 2 0-16 points on the National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and 50-100 points on the Barthel Index (BI), with BI 100 then the patient can be included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is < 26. Exclusion criteria are: NIHSS >16, BI < 50, life expectancy < 1 year, inability to speak or to communicate in Swedish. The inclusion occurs on day 4 and in block randomization of 20 and with blinded assessor. Primary outcome: levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes: independence, security, level of function, quality of health, needs of support in activities of daily living and caregiver burden. Power calculation is based on the level of anxiety and with a power of 80%, p-value 0.05 (2 sided test) 44 persons per group are needed. Data is gathered on co-morbidity, re-entry to hospital, mortality and a health economic analysis. Interviews will be accomplished with a strategic sample of 15 patients in the intervention group before discharge, within two weeks after homecoming and 3 months later. Interviews are also planned with 15 relatives in the intervention group 3 months after discharge. DISCUSSION: The ESD studies in the Cochrane review present hospital stays of a length that no longer exist in Sweden. There is not yet, to our knowledge, any study of early supported discharge with present length of h

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge teams and patients with less severe strokes. The aim is to investigate if very early supported discharge (VESD) for stroke patients in need for on-going individualised rehabilitation at home is useful for the patient and cost effective. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing VESD with ordinary discharge. Inclusion criteria: confirmed stroke, >18 years of age, living within 30 min from the stroke unit, on day 2 0-16 points on the National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and 50-100 points on the Barthel Index (BI), with BI 100 then the patient can be included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is < 26. Exclusion criteria are: NIHSS >16, BI < 50, life expectancy < 1 year, inability to speak or to communicate in Swedish. The inclusion occurs on day 4 and in block randomization of 20 and with blinded assessor. Primary outcome: levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes: independence, security, level of function, quality of health, needs of support in activities of daily living and caregiver burden. Power calculation is based on the level of anxiety and with a power of 80%, p-value 0.05 (2 sided test) 44 persons per group are needed. Data is gathered on co-morbidity, re-entry to hospital, mortality and a health economic analysis. Interviews will be accomplished with a strategic sample of 15 patients in the intervention group before discharge, within two weeks after homecoming and 3 months later. Interviews are also planned with 15 relatives in the intervention group 3 months after discharge. DISCUSSION: The ESD studies in the Cochrane review present hospital stays of a length that no longer exist in Sweden. There is not yet, to our knowledge, any study of early supported discharge with present length of h

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge teams and patients with less severe strokes. The aim is to investigate if very early supported discharge (VESD) for stroke patients in need for on-going individualised rehabilitation at home is useful for the patient and cost effective. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing VESD with ordinary discharge. Inclusion criteria: confirmed stroke, >18 years of age, living within 30 min from the stroke unit, on day 2 0-16 points on the National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and 50-100 points on the Barthel Index (BI), with BI 100 then the patient can be included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is < 26. Exclusion criteria are: NIHSS >16, BI < 50, life expectancy < 1 year, inability to speak or to communicate in Swedish. The inclusion occurs on day 4 and in block randomization of 20 and with blinded assessor. Primary outcome: levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes: independence, security, level of function, quality of health, needs of support in activities of daily living and caregiver burden. Power calculation is based on the level of anxiety and with a power of 80%, p-value 0.05 (2 sided test) 44 persons per group are needed. Data is gathered on co-morbidity, re-entry to hospital, mortality and a health economic analysis. Interviews will be accomplished with a strategic sample of 15 patients in the intervention group before discharge, within two weeks after homecoming and 3 months later. Interviews are also planned with 15 relatives in the intervention group 3 months after discharge. DISCUSSION: The ESD studies in the Cochrane review present hospital stays of a length that no longer exist in Sweden. There is not yet, to our knowledge, any study of early supported discharge with present length of h

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge teams and patients with less severe strokes. The aim is to investigate if very early supported discharge (VESD) for stroke patients in need for on-going individualised rehabilitation at home is useful for the patient and cost effective. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing VESD with ordinary discharge. Inclusion criteria: confirmed stroke, >18 years of age, living within 30 min from the stroke unit, on day 2 0-16 points on the National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and 50-100 points on the Barthel Index (BI), with BI 100 then the patient can be included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is < 26. Exclusion criteria are: NIHSS >16, BI < 50, life expectancy < 1 year, inability to speak or to communicate in Swedish. The inclusion occurs on day 4 and in block randomization of 20 and with blinded assessor. Primary outcome: levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes: independence, security, level of function, quality of health, needs of support in activities of daily living and caregiver burden. Power calculation is based on the level of anxiety and with a power of 80%, p-value 0.05 (2 sided test) 44 persons per group are needed. Data is gathered on co-morbidity, re-entry to hospital, mortality and a health economic analysis. Interviews will be accomplished with a strategic sample of 15 patients in the intervention group before discharge, within two weeks after homecoming and 3 months later. Interviews are also planned with 15 relatives in the intervention group 3 months after discharge. DISCUSSION: The ESD studies in the Cochrane review present hospital stays of a length that no longer exist in Sweden. There is not yet, to our knowledge, any study of early supported discharge with present length of h

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the disease with the highest costs for hospital care and also after discharge. Early supported discharge (ESD) has shown to be efficient and safe and the best results with well-organised discharge teams and patients with less severe strokes. The aim is to investigate if very early supported discharge (VESD) for stroke patients in need for on-going individualised rehabilitation at home is useful for the patient and cost effective. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing VESD with ordinary discharge. Inclusion criteria: confirmed stroke, >18 years of age, living within 30 min from the stroke unit, on day 2 0-16 points on the National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and 50-100 points on the Barthel Index (BI), with BI 100 then the patient can be included if the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is < 26. Exclusion criteria are: NIHSS >16, BI < 50, life expectancy < 1 year, inability to speak or to communicate in Swedish. The inclusion occurs on day 4 and in block randomization of 20 and with blinded assessor. Primary outcome: levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes: independence, security, level of function, quality of health, needs of support in activities of daily living and caregiver burden. Power calculation is based on the level of anxiety and with a power of 80%, p-value 0.05 (2 sided test) 44 persons per group are needed. Data is gathered on co-morbidity, re-entry to hospital, mortality and a health economic analysis. Interviews will be accomplished with a strategic sample of 15 patients in the intervention group before discharge, within two weeks after homecoming and 3 months later. Interviews are also planned with 15 relatives in the intervention group 3 months after discharge. DISCUSSION: The ESD studies in the Cochrane review present hospital stays of a length that no longer exist in Sweden. There is not yet, to our knowledge, any study of early supported discharge with present length of h

Att vårda en närstående person med demens innebär en stor börda för anhörigvårdaren vilket kan resultera i psykisk ohälsa. Stöd är en viktig del för att minska bördan. Syftet med studien var att ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv belysa anhörigas upplevelse av psykosocial börda och psykosocialt stöd vid vård av en person med demens i hemmet. Studien var en systematisk litteraturstudie som baserades på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. I resultatet framkom att anhöriga som vårdar en person med demens upplevde en psykisk och fysisk börda. Den tyngsta psykiska bördan uppgavs vara brist på egen tid och att känna sig isolerad från omvärlden. Anhörigvårdarens individuella uppfattning om sig själv och förhållandet till personen med demens påverkade bördan. Informellt socialt stöd visade sig viktigt och minskade risken för depression. Det framkom att socialt stöd och stödgrupper var betydelsefullt för den anhörige. De anhöriga kände att de inte fick det stöd som behövdes från hälso- och sjukvårdpersonal. Därför behövs mer kunskap hos formella vårdgivare för att kunna möta behovet av stöd för anhöriga till en person med demens. Ökad kunskap och förståelse om psykosocial börda ger sjuksköterskan större förutsättningar att kunna ge anhörigvårdaren ett adekvat stöd. Ytterligare forskning krävs för att utvärdera sjuksköterskans roll som psykosocialt stöd.

The demographical aging, the changings in the organization of the society and the world are important challenges in the Health Politics.The success of these politics lays in the link between for- mal and informal systems and in the recognition and appreciation of the roles of care giver ant patient. Goals: to identify the difficulties of the care giver and the dependent patient at home; to know how the patient lives his/her spirituality as a coping strategy. Method: descriptive study, qualitative approach. 250 dependent patients and 250 care givers were part of the study. Data were collected at the patients’ homes through semi-structured interviews. Results: the majority of care givers strug- gles. Those hard times are related to the lack of information (70,3%), of technical help (64,9%), of commuting to Health services (42,6%) and lack of support from Health care professionals.The patients’ difficulties are related to the lack of a doctor, a nurse or a physiotherapist at home; to the lack of economical, familiar, emotional and spiritual support and also to the inefficiency in care com- bination.Spirituality has an important role in the way patients face the illness and in giving them a state of inner harmony. Discussion / Conclusion: The difficulties identified are the ones that Orientações Estratégicas do Plano Nacional de Saúde e de Segurança Social (2004-2010) want to fight back: the creation of integrated health politics and Social Security that allow the development of actions closer to dependent patients .

Att vårda en närstående person med demens innebär en stor börda för anhörigvårdaren vilket kan resultera i psykisk ohälsa. Stöd är en viktig del för att minska bördan. Syftet med studien var att ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv belysa anhörigas upplevelse av psykosocial börda och psykosocialt stöd vid vård av en person med demens i hemmet. Studien var en systematisk litteraturstudie som baserades på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. I resultatet framkom att anhöriga som vårdar en person med demens upplevde en psykisk och fysisk börda. Den tyngsta psykiska bördan uppgavs vara brist på egen tid och att känna sig isolerad från omvärlden. Anhörigvårdarens individuella uppfattning om sig själv och förhållandet till personen med demens påverkade bördan. Informellt socialt stöd visade sig viktigt och minskade risken för depression. Det framkom att socialt stöd och stödgrupper var betydelsefullt för den anhörige. De anhöriga kände att de inte fick det stöd som behövdes från hälso- och sjukvårdpersonal. Därför behövs mer kunskap hos formella vårdgivare för att kunna möta behovet av stöd för anhöriga till en person med demens. Ökad kunskap och förståelse om psykosocial börda ger sjuksköterskan större förutsättningar att kunna ge anhörigvårdaren ett adekvat stöd. Ytterligare forskning krävs för att utvärdera sjuksköterskans roll som psykosocialt stöd.

Home-based palliative care services are facing increasing challenges in servicing the needs of clients who live alone and without a primary caregiver. The findings from the analysis of 721 services’ records from three Australian states, and feedback from health professionals in interviews and postal surveys, demonstrated that there were aspects of being on one’s own with a terminal illness and living at home that require a specialised approach and support. This study explored the issues of palliative care patients living alone, from a service provider perspective, and provided evidence-based information to assist with service planning. The study made recommendations to the Australian Department of Health and Ageing about services considered important in developing support structures for this growing population.

Caring for women with breast cancer has potential for increasing care giver distress and anxiety. Knowledge of the threats implicit in the disease and treatment as well as overidentification with the patient form the basis for this outcome. In order to describe perceptions of breast cancer as an illness, semistructured interviews were carried out with 37 care givers at a surgical department. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. An analysis was then carried out of the stories told by the care givers about breast cancer as an illness. The results indicated that breast cancer as an illness gave rise to predominantly negative and dark associations among the care givers. Their experiences of caring for women in critical stages of the illness over many years appear to have had a negative influence on them. Death itself, and even more so the process leading to the end, were very tangible in their stories. The article concludes that care givers on a surgical ward have a fragmented picture of the patients and need to be given opportunities to follow the total care process. Those care givers who were able to follow the women's stages of illness throughout more often had a positive picture.

Bolland, M., Guilfoyle, A., & Bucks, R. S. (2016). "I think the carer-partner dichotomy is always interesting" : Tensions in the health professionals' engagement with spousal care givers of people with Parkinson's. Brain Impairment, 17(2), 171-181. Available here.